Venlo dialect: Difference between revisions

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	{{Expand Dutch\|Venloos\|date=October 2020}}		{{Expand Dutch\|topic=cult\|Venloos\|date=October 2020}}
	{{Expand Limburgish\|Venloos\|date=October 2020}}{{Short description\|Dialect of Limburgish in the Netherlands}}		{{Expand Limburgish\|Venloos\|date=October 2020}}{{Short description\|Dialect of Limburgish in the Netherlands}}
	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
	\|name = Venlo dialect		\|name = Venlo dialect
	\|nativename = {{lang\|li\|Venloos}}		\|nativename = {{lang\|li\|Venloos}}
	\|pronunciation = {{IPA-li\|ˈvɛnloːs\|}}		\|pronunciation = {{IPA\|li\|ˈvɛnloːs\|}}
	\|states = ]		\|states = ]
	\|region = ]		\|region = ]
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	\|fam2 = ]		\|fam2 = ]
	\|fam3 = ]		\|fam3 = ]
	\|fam4 = ]		\|fam4 = ]
	\|fam5 = ]		\|fam5 = ]
	\|fam6 = ]		\|fam6 = ]
	\|fam7 = ]
	\|isoexception = dialect		\|isoexception = dialect
	\|glotto = none		\|glotto = none
	}}		}}

	'''Venlo dialect''' (] and {{~~lang-~~li\|Venloos}}) is the ] spoken in the ] city of ] alongside the ] (with which it is not mutually intelligible). It is ~~one~~ of ~~the~~ transitional dialects between ] and ] spoken in the northern part of ].		'''Venlo dialect''' (] and {{langx\|li\|Venloos}}) is the ] and a variant of ] spoken in the ] city of ] alongside the ] (with which it is not mutually intelligible). It belongs to a group of transitional dialects between ] and ] spoken in the northern part of ]. That group of dialects is also known by its Dutch name '']'' ("Mich area", based on the usage of {{lang\|li\|mich}} {{IPA\|/ˈmex/}} instead of the Brabantian {{lang\|nl\|mij}} {{IPA\|/ˈmɛj/}} as the accusative form of {{lang\|li\|ik}} 'I').

	==Phonology==		==Phonology==
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	{\| class="wikitable" style="margin:aut"		{\| class="wikitable" style="margin:aut"
	\|+Vowel phonemes{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|p=36}}		\|+Vowel phonemes{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|p=36}}
	! rowspan="3" \|		! colspan="2" rowspan="3" \|
	! colspan="4" \| ]		! colspan="4" \| ]
	! colspan="2" rowspan="2" \| ]		! colspan="2" rowspan="2" \| ]
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	! {{small\|long}}		! {{small\|long}}
	\|- align="center"		\|- align="center"
	! ]		! colspan="2" \| ]
	\| {{IPA link\|i}} {{angbr\|ie}}		\| {{IPA link\|i}} {{angbr\|ie}}
	\| {{IPA link\|iː}} {{angbr\|iê}}		\| {{IPA link\|iː}} {{angbr\|iê}}
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	\| {{IPA link\|uː}} {{angbr\|oê}}		\| {{IPA link\|uː}} {{angbr\|oê}}
	\|- align="center"		\|- align="center"
	! ]		! colspan="2" \| ]
	\| {{IPA link\|ɪ}} {{angbr\|i}}		\| {{IPA link\|e}} {{angbr\|i}}
	\| {{IPA link\|eː}} {{angbr\|ee}}		\| {{IPA link\|eː}} {{angbr\|ee}}
	\| {{IPA link\|ɵ\|ʏ}} {{angbr\|u}}		\| {{IPA link\|ɵ\|ø}} {{angbr\|u}}
	\| {{IPA link\|øː}} {{angbr\|eu}}		\| {{IPA link\|øː}} {{angbr\|eu}}
	\| rowspan="2" \| {{IPA link\|ə}} {{angbr\|e}}		\| rowspan="2" \| {{IPA link\|ə}} {{angbr\|e}}
	\|		\|
	\| {{IPA link\|ʊ}} {{angbr\|ó}}		\| {{IPA link\|o}} {{angbr\|ó}}
	\| {{IPA link\|ʊ\|oː}} {{angbr\|oo}}		\| {{IPA link\|o̝\|oː}} {{angbr\|oo}}
	\|- align=center		\|- align=center
	! ]		! colspan="2" \| ]
	\| {{IPA link\|ɛ}} {{angbr\|e}}		\| {{IPA link\|ɛ}} {{angbr\|e}}
	\| {{IPA link\|ɛː}} {{angbr\|ae}}		\| {{IPA link\|ɛː}} {{angbr\|ae}}
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	\| {{IPA link\|œː}} {{angbr\|äö}}		\| {{IPA link\|œː}} {{angbr\|äö}}
	\|		\|
	\| {{IPA link\|ɒ\|ɔ}} {{angbr\|o}}		\| {{IPA link\|ɒ}} {{angbr\|o}}
	\| {{IPA link\|~~ɒ\|ɔː~~}} {{angbr\|ao}}		\| {{IPA link\|ɒː}} {{angbr\|ao}}
	\|- align="center"		\|- align="center"
	! ]		! colspan="2" \| ]
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	\| {{IPA link\|ɑ}} {{angbr\|a}}		\| {{IPA link\|ɑ}} {{angbr\|a}}
	\|		\|
			\|- align="center"
			! rowspan="2" \| ]s
			! {{small\|closing}}
			\| colspan="8" \| {{IPA\|ɛj   œj   ɔw}}
			\|- align="center"
			! {{small\|centering}}
			\| colspan="8" \| {{IPA\|iə   yə   uə}}
	\|}		\|}

	* {{IPA\|/ə/}} is restricted to unstressed syllables.		* {{IPA\|/ə/}} is restricted to unstressed syllables.
	* {{IPA\|/oː/}} is near-close {{IPAblink\|ʊ\|o̝ː}}.{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|p=32}}		* {{IPA\|/oː/}} is near-close {{IPAblink\|ʊ\|o̝ː}}.{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|p=32}}
	* {{IPA\|/~~ɔ, ɔː~~/}} ~~are~~ phonetically open {{~~IPA~~\|}}.~~{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|p=32}}~~		* {{IPA\|/ɛ/}} is the only "short open E" sound in the dialect. The phonetically open {{IPAblink\|æ}} does not have a phonemic status.
			* {{IPA\|/ɒ, ɒː/}} are phonetically open but phonologically open-mid, the back counterparts of {{IPA\|/œ, œː/}}.
	* {{IPA\|/aː/}} is somewhat 'laxer' {{IPAblink\|ɐː}} than in Standard Dutch.{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|p=39}}		* {{IPA\|/aː/}} is somewhat 'laxer' {{IPAblink\|ɐː}} than in Standard Dutch.{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|p=39}} As in most other dialects, it is the phonological long counterpart of {{IPA\|/ɑ/}}.

	===Pitch accent===		===Pitch accent===
	{{Main\|Pitch-accent language#Franconian dialects}}		{{Main\|Pitch-accent language#Franconian dialects}}
	As many other Limburgish dialects, the Venlo dialect features a contrastive ], with minimal ~~pair~~ such {{lang\|li\|speule}} {{IPA\|/ˈspøːlə/}} 'to rinse' vs. {{lang\|li\|speule}} {{IPA\|/ˈspǿːlə/}} 'to play' and {{lang\|li\|bein}} {{IPA\|/~~ˈbɛɪn~~/}} 'legs' vs. {{lang\|li\|bein}} {{IPA\|/~~ˈbɛ́ɪn~~/}} 'leg', with the first word in each pair featuring Accent 1 (left unmarked) and the second word Accent 2 (transcribed as a high tone).{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|pp=137–141}}{{sfnp\|Gussenhoven\|van der Vliet\|1999\|pp=101–105}}		As many other Limburgish dialects, the Venlo dialect features a contrastive ], with minimal pairs such {{lang\|li\|speule}} {{IPA\|/ˈspøːlə/}} 'to rinse' vs. {{lang\|li\|speule}} {{IPA\|/ˈspǿːlə/}} 'to play' and {{lang\|li\|bein}} {{IPA\|/ˈbɛjn/}} 'legs' vs. {{lang\|li\|bein}} {{IPA\|/ˈbɛ́jn/}} 'leg', with the first word in each pair featuring Accent 1 (left unmarked) and the second word Accent 2 (transcribed as a high tone).{{sfnp\|Peeters\|1951\|pp=137–141}}{{sfnp\|Gussenhoven\|van der Vliet\|1999\|pp=101–105}}

	==Bibliography==		==Bibliography==
	{{refbegin}}		{{refbegin}}
	*{{citation		*{{citation
	\|~~last~~=Gussenhoven		\|last1=Gussenhoven
	\|~~first~~=Carlos		\|first1=Carlos
	\|last2=van der Vliet		\|last2=van der Vliet
	\|first2=Peter		\|first2=Peter
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	\|pages=99–135		\|pages=99–135
	\|doi=10.1017/S0022226798007324		\|doi=10.1017/S0022226798007324
	\|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/~~251996999_The_phonology_of_tone_and_intonation_in_the_Dutch_dialect_of_Venlo~~		\|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251996999
	}}		}}
	* {{citation		* {{citation
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	{{DEFAULTSORT:Venlo Dialect}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Venlo Dialect}}
	]		]
	]
	]		]
	]		]

Latest revision as of 07:07, 20 December 2024

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Dialect of Limburgish in the Netherlands

Venlo dialect
Venloos
Pronunciation	[ˈvɛnloːs]
Native to	Netherlands
Region	Venlo
Language family	Indo-European Germanic West Germanic Weser–Rhine Germanic Low Franconian Limburgish Venlo dialect
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	None

Venlo dialect (Dutch and Limburgish: Venloos) is the city dialect and a variant of Limburgish spoken in the Dutch city of Venlo alongside the Dutch language (with which it is not mutually intelligible). It belongs to a group of transitional dialects between Kleverlandish and East Limburgish spoken in the northern part of Netherlands Limburg. That group of dialects is also known by its Dutch name Mich-kwartier ("Mich area", based on the usage of mich /ˈmex/ instead of the Brabantian mij /ˈmɛj/ as the accusative form of ik 'I').

Phonology

Vowels

Vowel phonemes
		Front				Central		Back
		unrounded		rounded		Central		Back
		short	long	short	long	short	long	short	long
Close		i ⟨ie⟩	iː ⟨iê⟩	y ⟨uu⟩	yː ⟨uû⟩			u ⟨oe⟩	uː ⟨oê⟩
Close-mid		e ⟨i⟩	eː ⟨ee⟩	ø ⟨u⟩	øː ⟨eu⟩	ə ⟨e⟩		o ⟨ó⟩	oː ⟨oo⟩
Open-mid		ɛ ⟨e⟩	ɛː ⟨ae⟩	œ ⟨ö⟩	œː ⟨äö⟩	ə ⟨e⟩		ɒ ⟨o⟩	ɒː ⟨ao⟩
Open							aː ⟨aa⟩	ɑ ⟨a⟩
Diphthongs	closing	ɛj œj ɔw
Diphthongs	centering	iə yə uə

/ə/ is restricted to unstressed syllables.
/oː/ is near-close [o̝ː].
/ɛ/ is the only "short open E" sound in the dialect. The phonetically open [æ] does not have a phonemic status.
/ɒ, ɒː/ are phonetically open but phonologically open-mid, the back counterparts of /œ, œː/.
/aː/ is somewhat 'laxer' [ɐː] than in Standard Dutch. As in most other dialects, it is the phonological long counterpart of /ɑ/.

Pitch accent

Main article: Pitch-accent language § Franconian dialects

As many other Limburgish dialects, the Venlo dialect features a contrastive pitch accent, with minimal pairs such speule /ˈspøːlə/ 'to rinse' vs. speule /ˈspǿːlə/ 'to play' and bein /ˈbɛjn/ 'legs' vs. bein /ˈbɛ́jn/ 'leg', with the first word in each pair featuring Accent 1 (left unmarked) and the second word Accent 2 (transcribed as a high tone).

Bibliography

Gussenhoven, Carlos; van der Vliet, Peter (1999), "The phonology of tone and intonation in the Dutch dialect of Venlo", Journal of Linguistics, 35: 99–135, doi:10.1017/S0022226798007324
Peeters, F.J.P. (1951), Het klankkarakter van het Venloos, Nijmegen: Dekker & v.d. Vegt

References

Peeters (1951), p. 36.
Peeters (1951), p. 32.
Peeters (1951), p. 39.
Peeters (1951), pp. 137–141.
Gussenhoven & van der Vliet (1999), pp. 101–105.

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