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| {{Short description|North African spice mix}} | {{Short description|North African spice mix}} | ||
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| ⚫ | '''''Ras el hanout''''' or '''''rass el hanout''''' ({{langx|ar|رأس الحانوت}} {{transl|ar|''raʾs al-ḥānūt''}}, {{IPA|ar|rɑʔs ælħɑːnuːt}}) is a ] found in varying forms in ], ], and ].<ref name="Davidson2014">{{cite book|author=Alan Davidson|title=The Oxford Companion to Food|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bIIeBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA671|date=21 August 2014|publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-104072-6|pages=671–672}}</ref> The name means "head of the shop" in Arabic and implies a mixture of the best spices the seller has to offer.<ref> at ] (retrieved 3 August 2016)</ref> Ras el hanout is used in many savoury dishes, sometimes rubbed on meat or fish, or stirred into ], ] or ]. | ||
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| ⚫ | '''''Ras el hanout''''' or '''''rass el hanout''''' ({{ |
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| No definitive composition of spices makes up ''ras el hanout''. Each shop, company, or family may have their own blend. The mixture usually consists of over a dozen spices in different proportions. Common ingredients include ], ], ], ], ], ], ], dry ], ]s, <!-- paprika is made of sweet peppers which quite different from chillies which are hot-->] seed, ], sweet and hot ], ], and dry ]. Some spices may be particular to the region, such as ], ], ], ], ], ]s, dried ]bud, ] seed or ], ], ]. Ingredients may be toasted before ground or pounded in a mortar and mixed. Some preparations include salt or sugar, but that is generally not the accepted practice. ], ], nuts or dry herbs are generally not included, as they are usually added to dishes individually, but some commercial preparations, particularly in ] and ], may contain them. | No definitive composition of spices makes up ''ras el hanout''. Each shop, company, or family may have their own blend. The mixture usually consists of over a dozen spices in different proportions. Common ingredients include ], ], ], ], ], ], ], dry ], ]s, <!-- paprika is made of sweet peppers which quite different from chillies which are hot-->] seed, ], sweet and hot ], ], and dry ]. Some spices may be particular to the region, such as ], ], ], ], ], ]s, dried ]bud, ] seed or ], ], ]. Ingredients may be toasted before being ground or pounded in a mortar and mixed. Some preparations include salt or sugar, but that is generally not the accepted practice. ], ], nuts or dry herbs are generally not included, as they are usually added to dishes individually, but some commercial preparations, particularly in ] and ], may contain them. | ||
| Certain supposed ], including the notoriously dangerous "green metallic beetles", ], have appeared in many Moroccan ''ras el hanout'' formulations, but these seem to be irrelevant for flavouring purposes.<ref name="Davidson2014"/> | Certain supposed ], including the notoriously dangerous "green metallic beetles", ], have appeared in many Moroccan ''ras el hanout'' formulations, but these seem to be irrelevant for flavouring purposes.<ref name="Davidson2014"/> | ||
| == Notes == | == Notes == | ||
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| *''The Gourmet Cookbook'', by Ruth Reichl (Ed.), Houghton Mifflin. {{ISBN|0-618-37408-6}} | *''The Gourmet Cookbook'', by Ruth Reichl (Ed.), Houghton Mifflin. {{ISBN|0-618-37408-6}} | ||
| *''The Oxford Companion to Food'', by Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|0-19-211579-0}} | *''The Oxford Companion to Food'', by Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|0-19-211579-0}} | ||
| *''The Food of Morocco'', by Paula Wolfert, Ecco. {{ISBN|0-06-195755-0}} | |||
| {{Herbs and spices}} | {{Herbs and spices}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 09:27, 20 December 2024
North African spice mix
Ras el hanout or rass el hanout (Arabic: رأس الحانوت raʾs al-ḥānūt, Arabic pronunciation: [rɑʔs ælħɑːnuːt]) is a spice mix found in varying forms in Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco. The name means "head of the shop" in Arabic and implies a mixture of the best spices the seller has to offer. Ras el hanout is used in many savoury dishes, sometimes rubbed on meat or fish, or stirred into couscous, pasta or rice.
No definitive composition of spices makes up ras el hanout. Each shop, company, or family may have their own blend. The mixture usually consists of over a dozen spices in different proportions. Common ingredients include cardamom, cumin, clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, mace, allspice, dry ginger, chili peppers, coriander seed, peppercorn, sweet and hot paprika, fenugreek, and dry turmeric. Some spices may be particular to the region, such as ash berries, chufa, grains of paradise, orris root, monk's pepper, cubebs, dried rosebud, fennel seed or aniseed, galangal, long pepper. Ingredients may be toasted before being ground or pounded in a mortar and mixed. Some preparations include salt or sugar, but that is generally not the accepted practice. Garlic, saffron, nuts or dry herbs are generally not included, as they are usually added to dishes individually, but some commercial preparations, particularly in Europe and North America, may contain them.
Certain supposed aphrodisiacs, including the notoriously dangerous "green metallic beetles", cantharides, have appeared in many Moroccan ras el hanout formulations, but these seem to be irrelevant for flavouring purposes.
Notes
- ^ Alan Davidson (21 August 2014). The Oxford Companion to Food. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 671–672. ISBN 978-0-19-104072-6.
- "Ras el hanout" at bbc.com (retrieved 3 August 2016)
References
- The Gourmet Cookbook, by Ruth Reichl (Ed.), Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-37408-6
- The Oxford Companion to Food, by Alan Davidson, Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-211579-0
- The Food of Morocco, by Paula Wolfert, Ecco. ISBN 0-06-195755-0
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