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	Mitchell was born in ]. He was ordained in 1879 and became a priest the following year.<ref name="Liverpool Echo">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-18 \|title=A Notable Cleric: Death of Rev. A. M. Mitchell of Burtonwood \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000271%2F19360218&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell obtained his ] from ] in 1879 and ] in 1884.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=] \|year=1932 \|page= \|chapter=Mitchell, Alfred Mansfield}}</ref> He was a curate at ] before moving to England, where he held curacies at ], ], and ].<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> Mitchell was appointed vicar at St Michael's Anglican Church in ] in 1891, a position he held for 45 years.<ref name="Warrington" /><ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> His parish magazine ''Excelsior'' was widely read.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" />		Mitchell was born in ]. He was ordained in 1879 and became a priest the following year.<ref name="Liverpool Echo">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-18 \|title=A Notable Cleric: Death of Rev. A. M. Mitchell of Burtonwood \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000271%2F19360218&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell obtained his ] from ] in 1879 and ] in 1884.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=] \|year=1932 \|page= \|chapter=Mitchell, Alfred Mansfield}}</ref> He was a curate at ] before moving to England, where he held curacies at ], ], and ].<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> Mitchell was appointed vicar at St Michael's Anglican Church in ] in 1891, a position he held for 45 years.<ref name="Warrington" /><ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> His parish magazine ''Excelsior'' was widely read.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" />

	Mitchell was an alderman of ], a member of Burtonwood Parish Council and chairman of the Warrington County Elementary Education Committee.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-21 \|title=Death of Burtonwood Vicar: Champion of the Poor \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005262%2F19360221&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=Newton and Earlestown Guardian \|page=5}}</ref> He was a ] and campaigned to help the poor.<ref name="Newton" />		Mitchell was an alderman of ], a member of Burtonwood Parish Council and chairman of the Warrington County Elementary Education Committee.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-21 \|title=Death of Burtonwood Vicar: Champion of the Poor \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005262%2F19360221&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=Newton and Earlestown Guardian \|page=5}}</ref> He was a ] and campaigned to help the poor.<ref name="Newton" /> Mitchell also served as president of the People's League of Medical Freedom.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Brown \|first=P. S. \|date=January 1991 \|title=Medically qualified naturopaths and the General Medical Council \|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DAC0AD8D602B4BAE80367139AF6032B9/S0025727300053126a.pdf/medically-qualified-naturopaths-and-the-general-medical-council.pdf \|journal=Medical History \|language=en \|volume=35 \|issue=1 \|pages=50–77 \|doi=10.1017/S0025727300053126 \|issn=0025-7273 \|pmc=1036269 \|pmid=2008122}}</ref>

	Mitchell was an ] and opposed the use of animals in filmmaking.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-12-23 \|title=A Vicar on Vivisection \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000649%2F19201223&page=3 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=3}}</ref> He argued that filmmakers were cruel to animals and planned to get a Bill passed through Parliament which would stop trained animals appearing in films.<ref name="Newton" /> He was a member of the ] and a vice-president of the Warrington Anti-Vivisection Society.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1912-11-09 \|title=Anti-Vivisection: Annual Meeting of the Warrington Branch \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19121109&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-04-03 \|title=Vivisection a Licensed Evil \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19200403&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=10}}</ref>		Mitchell was an ] and opposed the use of animals in filmmaking.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-12-23 \|title=A Vicar on Vivisection \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000649%2F19201223&page=3 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=3}}</ref> He argued that filmmakers were cruel to animals and planned to get a Bill passed through Parliament which would stop trained animals appearing in films.<ref name="Newton" /> He was a member of the ] and a vice-president of the Warrington Anti-Vivisection Society.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1912-11-09 \|title=Anti-Vivisection: Annual Meeting of the Warrington Branch \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19121109&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-04-03 \|title=Vivisection a Licensed Evil \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19200403&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=10}}</ref>

	=== Vegetarianism ===		=== Vegetarianism ===
	Mitchell was a ], non-smoker and teetotaller.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton" /> He was disappointed that there was a large amount of antagonism against vegetarianism in the Church.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-15 \|title=Vegetarianism as a Peace Promoter \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000206%2F19141215&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=6}}</ref> He argued that meat dishes at Christmas festivals were non-Christian, stating that they are a "debasing and degrading orgie, a festival of blood, a festival of cruelty".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1910-12-21 \|title=Anti-Christmas \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005271%2F19101221&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Halifax Daily Guardian \|page=6}}</ref> In 1907, he commented that "vegetarians or food reformers are the only consistent worshippers and the flesh-eater is convicted of inconsistency and falsehood".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-18 \|title=Harvest Festivals Condemned \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000038%2F19070918&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell stated that meat-eaters who decorated churches for the ] were making the festival a service of lies and questioned why they didn't also use "trophies of the butcher's art".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Harvest Festivals \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000051%2F19070917&page=4 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Daily News \|page=4}}</ref> He condemned such festivals as "uric-acid festivals" for meat-eaters.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Service of Lies \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004833%2F19070917&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Morning Leader \|page=5}}</ref>		Mitchell was a ], non-smoker and teetotaller.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton" /> He was disappointed that there was a large amount of antagonism against vegetarianism in the Church.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-15 \|title=Vegetarianism as a Peace Promoter \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000206%2F19141215&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=6}}</ref> He argued that meat dishes at Christmas festivals were non-Christian, stating that they are a "debasing and degrading orgie, a festival of blood, a festival of cruelty".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1910-12-21 \|title=Anti-Christmas \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005271%2F19101221&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Halifax Daily Guardian \|page=6}}</ref> In 1907, he commented that "vegetarians or food reformers are the only consistent worshippers and the flesh-eater is convicted of inconsistency and falsehood".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-18 \|title=Harvest Festivals Condemned \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000038%2F19070918&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell stated that meat-eaters who decorated churches for the ] were making the festival a service of lies and questioned why they didn't also use "trophies of the butcher's art".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Harvest Festivals \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000051%2F19070917&page=4 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Daily News \|page=4}}</ref> In 1910, he published the pamphlet "The Church and Food Reform".<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2019-09-23 \|title=Publications \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/publications/2/ \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|website=] \|language=en-GB}}</ref> He condemned such festivals as "uric-acid festivals" for meat-eaters.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Service of Lies \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004833%2F19070917&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Morning Leader \|page=5}}</ref>

	Mitchell was a vice-president of the ], from 1922, and a speaker at its meetings.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=The Vegetarian Society's 67th Anniversary Meetings \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=1 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=Vegetarian Society \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020 \|title=Rev. Alfred Mansfield Mitchell, M.A. (1853-1936) \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803170951/https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|archive-date=August 3, 2020 \|website=] \|language=en-GB}}</ref> He was a council member of ]'s fruitarian Lady Margaret Hospital in ]<ref>{{cite news \|date=1906-03-17 \|title=Lady Margaret Hospital, Bromley \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004642%2F19060317&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Bromley Telegraph and Chislehurst Chronicle \|page=5}}</ref> ~~and~~ the ].<ref>{{Cite journal \|date=July 1911 \|title=The Order of the Golden Age \|url=https://ia601605.us.archive.org/1/items/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft.pdf \|journal=] \|volume=XIV \|issue=7 \|pages=185 \|via=]}}</ref>		Mitchell was a vice-president of the ], from 1922, and a speaker at its meetings.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=The Vegetarian Society's 67th Anniversary Meetings \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=1 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=Vegetarian Society \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020 \|title=Rev. Alfred Mansfield Mitchell, M.A. (1853-1936) \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803170951/https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|archive-date=August 3, 2020 \|website=] \|language=en-GB}}</ref> He was a council member of ]'s fruitarian Lady Margaret Hospital in ].<ref>{{cite news \|date=1906-03-17 \|title=Lady Margaret Hospital, Bromley \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004642%2F19060317&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Bromley Telegraph and Chislehurst Chronicle \|page=5}}</ref> He was also a council member of the ]<ref>{{Cite journal \|date=July 1911 \|title=The Order of the Golden Age \|url=https://ia601605.us.archive.org/1/items/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft.pdf \|journal=] \|volume=XIV \|issue=7 \|pages=185 \|via=]}}</ref> and wrote for its journal, ''The Herald of the Golden Age''.<ref>{{cite journal \|year=1907 \|title=The Christmas Altar \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/herald_of_the_golden_age_v11_n5_jan_1907.pdf \|journal=] \|volume=40 \|issue=5 \|pages=88–89}}</ref>

	=== Personal life and death ===		=== Personal life and death ===
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	== Selected publications ==		== Selected publications ==
	*{{cite journal \|year=~~1907~~ \|title=~~The~~ ~~Christmas~~ ~~Altar~~ \|journal=] \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/~~herald_of_the_golden_age_v11_n5_jan_1907~~.pdf \|volume=40 \|issue=5 \|pages=~~88–89~~}}		*{{cite journal \|year=1900 \|title=I claim greater Health, Fitness, and Happiness \|journal=] \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/herald_of_the_golden_age_v5_n12_dec_15_1900.pdf\|volume=5 \|issue=12 \|pages=185–186}}
			*''Humane Education: A Plea for a Humane and Ethical System of Elementary Education''. 1906.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mitchell \|first=Alfred Mansfield \|title=Humane education. A plea for a humane and ethical system of elementary education \|publisher=Fifield \|year=1906 \|location=London \|oclc=81806245}}</ref>
			*{{cite journal \|year=1907 \|title=The Christmas Altar \|journal=The Herald of the Golden Age \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/herald_of_the_golden_age_v11_n5_jan_1907.pdf \|volume=40 \|issue=5 \|pages=88–89}}
	*{{Cite journal \|date=December 1909 \|title=Christmas Cruelties \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/excelsior/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}		*{{Cite journal \|date=December 1909 \|title=Christmas Cruelties \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/excelsior/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}
	*{{Cite journal \|date= \|title=What Shall We Eat? \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/what-shall-we-eat/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}		*{{Cite journal \|date= \|title=What Shall We Eat? \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/what-shall-we-eat/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}
			*{{cite journal \|date=April 1910 \|title=The Church and Food Reform \|journal=The Herald of the Golden Age \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/the-church-and-food-reform/}}

	== References ==		== References ==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

Latest revision as of 17:03, 20 December 2024

Irish clergyman and activist (1853–1936)

The ReverendAlfred Mansfield Mitchell
Portrait from obituary
Born	1853 Dublin, Ireland
Died	18 February 1936 (aged 83) Burtonwood, England
Resting place	Burtonwood Cemetery
Education	Trinity College Dublin (B.A., 1879; M.A., 1884)
Occupation(s)	Clergyman, activist
Spouse	Janet Elizabeth Louisa Hammond (m. 1887)
Signature

Alfred Mansfield Mitchell (1853 – 18 February 1936) was an Irish clergyman and activist. He advocated for anti-vivisection, vegetarianism, pacifism, and against poverty. He was the longest serving vicar of St Michael's Anglican Church in Burtonwood.

Biography

Career

Mitchell was born in Dublin. He was ordained in 1879 and became a priest the following year. Mitchell obtained his B.A. from Trinity College in 1879 and M.A. in 1884. He was a curate at Clonmel before moving to England, where he held curacies at Warrington, Kentish Town, and Clerkenwell. Mitchell was appointed vicar at St Michael's Anglican Church in Burtonwood in 1891, a position he held for 45 years. His parish magazine Excelsior was widely read.

Mitchell was an alderman of Lancashire County Council, a member of Burtonwood Parish Council and chairman of the Warrington County Elementary Education Committee. He was a pacifist and campaigned to help the poor. Mitchell also served as president of the People's League of Medical Freedom.

Mitchell was an anti-vivisectionist and opposed the use of animals in filmmaking. He argued that filmmakers were cruel to animals and planned to get a Bill passed through Parliament which would stop trained animals appearing in films. He was a member of the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection and a vice-president of the Warrington Anti-Vivisection Society.

Vegetarianism

Mitchell was a vegetarian, non-smoker and teetotaller. He was disappointed that there was a large amount of antagonism against vegetarianism in the Church. He argued that meat dishes at Christmas festivals were non-Christian, stating that they are a "debasing and degrading orgie, a festival of blood, a festival of cruelty". In 1907, he commented that "vegetarians or food reformers are the only consistent worshippers and the flesh-eater is convicted of inconsistency and falsehood". Mitchell stated that meat-eaters who decorated churches for the harvest festival were making the festival a service of lies and questioned why they didn't also use "trophies of the butcher's art". In 1910, he published the pamphlet "The Church and Food Reform". He condemned such festivals as "uric-acid festivals" for meat-eaters.

Mitchell was a vice-president of the Vegetarian Society, from 1922, and a speaker at its meetings. He was a council member of Josiah Oldfield's fruitarian Lady Margaret Hospital in Bromley. He was also a council member of the Order of the Golden Age and wrote for its journal, The Herald of the Golden Age.

Personal life and death

On 8 September 1887, Mitchell married Janet Elizabeth Louisa, the daughter of the solicitor William Hammond of London, at Stratford-sub-Castle, Salisbury.

Mitchell died in Burtonwood on 18 February 1936, aged 83. He was buried at Burtonwood Cemetery.

Selected publications

"I claim greater Health, Fitness, and Happiness" (PDF). The Herald of the Golden Age. 5 (12): 185–186. 1900.
Humane Education: A Plea for a Humane and Ethical System of Elementary Education. 1906.
"The Christmas Altar" (PDF). The Herald of the Golden Age. 40 (5): 88–89. 1907.
"Christmas Cruelties". Burton Wood Parish Magazine. December 1909.
"What Shall We Eat?". Burton Wood Parish Magazine.
"The Church and Food Reform". The Herald of the Golden Age. April 1910.

References

^ "History and heritage of our cemeteries". Warrington Borough Council. 2020. Archived from the original on 16 April 2024.
^ "A Notable Cleric: Death of Rev. A. M. Mitchell of Burtonwood". Liverpool Echo. 18 February 1936. p. 5. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Mitchell, Alfred Mansfield". Crockford's Clerical Directory. 1932. p. 901.
^ "Death of Burtonwood Vicar: Champion of the Poor". Newton and Earlestown Guardian. 21 February 1936. p. 5. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
Brown, P. S. (January 1991). "Medically qualified naturopaths and the General Medical Council" (PDF). Medical History. 35 (1): 50–77. doi:10.1017/S0025727300053126. ISSN 0025-7273. PMC 1036269. PMID 2008122.
"A Vicar on Vivisection". Liverpool Daily Post. 23 December 1920. p. 3. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Anti-Vivisection: Annual Meeting of the Warrington Branch". The Examiner. 9 November 1912. p. 6. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Vivisection a Licensed Evil". The Examiner. 3 April 1920. p. 10. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Vegetarianism as a Peace Promoter". Manchester Courier. 15 December 1914. p. 6. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Anti-Christmas". The Halifax Daily Guardian. 21 December 1910. p. 6. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Harvest Festivals Condemned". The Belfast News Letter. 18 September 1907. p. 5. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Harvest Festivals". The Daily News. 17 September 1907. p. 4. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Publications". The Order of the Golden Age. 23 September 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Service of Lies". The Morning Leader. 17 September 1907. p. 5. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"The Vegetarian Society's 67th Anniversary Meetings". Manchester City News. 12 December 1914. p. 1. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Vegetarian Society". Manchester City News. 12 December 1914. p. 10. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Rev. Alfred Mansfield Mitchell, M.A. (1853-1936)". Order of the Golden Age. 2020. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020.
"Lady Margaret Hospital, Bromley". The Bromley Telegraph and Chislehurst Chronicle. 17 March 1906. p. 5. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"The Order of the Golden Age" (PDF). The Herald of the Golden Age. XIV (7): 185. July 1911 – via Internet Archive.
"The Christmas Altar" (PDF). The Herald of the Golden Age. 40 (5): 88–89. 1907.
"Marriages". Belfast News Letter. 13 September 1887. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
"Funeral of the Late Rev. A. M. Mitchell". Newton and Earlestown Guardian. 28 February 1926. p. 5. Retrieved 20 December 2024.
Mitchell, Alfred Mansfield (1906). Humane education. A plea for a humane and ethical system of elementary education. London: Fifield. OCLC 81806245.

External links

Media related to Alfred Mansfield Mitchell at Wikimedia Commons

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Vegetarianism	Economic vegetarianism Environmental vegetarianism History Orthopathy Lacto vegetarianism Lacto-ovo vegetarianism Ovo vegetarianism Cuisine Vegetarian Diet Pyramid Ecofeminism Nutrition By country
Lists	Vegetarians Vegans Fictional characters Festivals Organizations Restaurants Vegan media

Ethics

Secular	Animal rights Animal welfare Carnism Deep ecology Environmental vegetarianism Ethics of eating meat Meat paradox Nonviolence Replaceability argument Sentientism Speciesism Tirukkuṟaḷ
Religious	Buddhism Christianity (Seventh-day Adventist Church) Hinduism Sattvic Ahimsa Islam Jainism Judaism Pythagoreanism Rastafari Sikhism Taoism

Food
and drink

Groups
and events

Vegan

Vegetarian

Companies

List of vegetarian and vegan companies

Books,
reports,
journals

On Abstinence from Eating Animals (3rd century)
An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty (1802)
Vegetable Cookery (1812)
A Vindication of Natural Diet (1813)
Reasons for not Eating Animal Food (1814)
Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes (1824)
Nature's Own Book (1835)
Fruits and Farinacea (1845)
The Pleasure Boat (1845)
The Ethics of Diet (1883)
What is Vegetarianism? (1886)
Shelley's Vegetarianism (1891)
Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses (1892)
Why I Am a Vegetarian (1895)
Figs or Pigs? (1896)
Fifty Years of Food Reform (1898)
Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian (1903)
The Meat Fetish (1904)
The New Ethics (1907)
A Fleshless Diet (1910)
The Benefits of Vegetarianism (1927)
Living the Good Life (1954)
Ten Talents (1968)
Diet for a Small Planet (1971)
The Vegetarian Epicure (1972)
Moosewood Collective Cookbooks (1973)
The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook (1975)
Laurel's Kitchen (1976)
Moosewood Cookbook (1977)
Fit for Life (1985)
Diet for a New America (1987)
The Sexual Politics of Meat (1990)
Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone (1997)
The China Study (2005)
Skinny Bitch (2005)
Livestock's Long Shadow (2006)
The Bloodless Revolution (2006)
Eating Animals (2009)
Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows (2009)
The Vegan Studies Project (2015)
Animal (De)liberation (2016)
The End of Animal Farming (2018)
Vegetable Kingdom (2020)
Making a Stand for Animals (2022)
Meat Atlas (annual)

Films and shows

The Animals Film (1981)
Diet for a New America (film) (1991)
A Cow at My Table (1998)
Meet Your Meat (2002)
Post Punk Kitchen (2003–2005)
Peaceable Kingdom (2004)
Earthlings (2005)
A Sacred Duty (2007)
Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead (2010)
Planeat (2010)
Forks Over Knives (2011)
Vegucated (2011)
Live and Let Live (2013)
Cowspiracy (2014)
PlantPure Nation (2015)
What the Health (2017)
Carnage (2017)
Dominion (2018)
Eating You Alive (2018)
The Game Changers (2018)
Maa Ka Doodh (2023)
You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment (2024)

Magazines

Academics,
activists,
authors,
physicians

Vegan

Vegetarian

Chefs and
cookbook authors

Restaurants

Former restaurants

Vegetarian and vegan symbolism
Juice fasting
Vegetarian and vegan dog diet
Vegaphobia
Plant-based diet
Plant-based action plan
Sustainable diet
- Low-carbon
- Planetary health
Flexitarianism
- Pescetarianism
- Pollotarianism
- William Shurtleff and Akiko Aoyagi (The Book of Tofu)

v t e Vegetarian Society
Presidents	James Simpson (1847–1849) William Harvey (1849–1870) James Haughton (1870–1873) Francis William Newman (1873–1884) John E. B. Mayor (1884–1910) William E. A. Axon (1911–1913) Ernest Bell (1914–1933) Peter Freeman (1937–1942) W. A. Sibly (1938–1959) Gordon Latto (1960–1987) Isobel Wilson (1987–1989) Kathy Silk Maxwell G. Lee
Vice-Presidents	Edwin Arnold Edmund J. Baillie T. H. Barker Thomas Baty James Clark Edwin Collier C. H. Collyns John Davie George Dornbusch Charles W. Forward Peter Foxcroft Edward Hare William Hoyle A. O. Hume Anna Kingsford Lady Emily Lutyens Frank Merrick Edward Maitland John Malcolm Alfred Mansfield Mitchell W. J. Monk Isaac Pitman Henry Stephens Salt Percy Scholes Dugald Semple Lady Mount Temple W. Gibson Ward Howard Williams
Staff	Henry B. Amos (secretary) Albert Broadbent (secretary) James Clark (treasurer) John Davie (secretary) William Harrison (treasurer) R. Bailey Walker (secretary)
Publications	The Dietetic Reformer and Vegetarian Messenger (1861–1897) What is Vegetarianism? (1886) Shelley's Vegetarianism (1891)
Related groups	Alcott House Bible Christian Church London Food Reform Society London Vegetarian Society The Vegan Society Vegetarian Federal Union
Category Commons

Categories:

Revision as of 14:31, 20 December 2024 editThroughthemind (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users25,886 edits →Selected publications: Add wikilinkTag: Visual edit ← Previous edit		Latest revision as of 17:03, 20 December 2024 edit undoIra Leviton (talk \| contribs)Extended confirmed users331,272 editsm Fixed a PMC parameter in a citation. Please see Category:CS1 maint: PMC format
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	Mitchell was born in ]. He was ordained in 1879 and became a priest the following year.<ref name="Liverpool Echo">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-18 \|title=A Notable Cleric: Death of Rev. A. M. Mitchell of Burtonwood \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000271%2F19360218&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell obtained his ] from ] in 1879 and ] in 1884.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=] \|year=1932 \|page= \|chapter=Mitchell, Alfred Mansfield}}</ref> He was a curate at ] before moving to England, where he held curacies at ], ], and ].<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> Mitchell was appointed vicar at St Michael's Anglican Church in ] in 1891, a position he held for 45 years.<ref name="Warrington" /><ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> His parish magazine ''Excelsior'' was widely read.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" />		Mitchell was born in ]. He was ordained in 1879 and became a priest the following year.<ref name="Liverpool Echo">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-18 \|title=A Notable Cleric: Death of Rev. A. M. Mitchell of Burtonwood \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000271%2F19360218&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell obtained his ] from ] in 1879 and ] in 1884.<ref>{{Cite book \|title=] \|year=1932 \|page= \|chapter=Mitchell, Alfred Mansfield}}</ref> He was a curate at ] before moving to England, where he held curacies at ], ], and ].<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> Mitchell was appointed vicar at St Michael's Anglican Church in ] in 1891, a position he held for 45 years.<ref name="Warrington" /><ref name="Liverpool Echo" /> His parish magazine ''Excelsior'' was widely read.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" />

	Mitchell was an alderman of ], a member of Burtonwood Parish Council and chairman of the Warrington County Elementary Education Committee.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-21 \|title=Death of Burtonwood Vicar: Champion of the Poor \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005262%2F19360221&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=Newton and Earlestown Guardian \|page=5}}</ref> He was a ] and campaigned to help the poor.<ref name="Newton" />		Mitchell was an alderman of ], a member of Burtonwood Parish Council and chairman of the Warrington County Elementary Education Committee.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton">{{cite news \|date=1936-02-21 \|title=Death of Burtonwood Vicar: Champion of the Poor \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005262%2F19360221&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=Newton and Earlestown Guardian \|page=5}}</ref> He was a ] and campaigned to help the poor.<ref name="Newton" /> Mitchell also served as president of the People's League of Medical Freedom.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Brown \|first=P. S. \|date=January 1991 \|title=Medically qualified naturopaths and the General Medical Council \|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/DAC0AD8D602B4BAE80367139AF6032B9/S0025727300053126a.pdf/medically-qualified-naturopaths-and-the-general-medical-council.pdf \|journal=Medical History \|language=en \|volume=35 \|issue=1 \|pages=50–77 \|doi=10.1017/S0025727300053126 \|issn=0025-7273 \|pmc=1036269 \|pmid=2008122}}</ref>

	Mitchell was an ] and opposed the use of animals in filmmaking.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-12-23 \|title=A Vicar on Vivisection \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000649%2F19201223&page=3 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=3}}</ref> He argued that filmmakers were cruel to animals and planned to get a Bill passed through Parliament which would stop trained animals appearing in films.<ref name="Newton" /> He was a member of the ] and a vice-president of the Warrington Anti-Vivisection Society.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1912-11-09 \|title=Anti-Vivisection: Annual Meeting of the Warrington Branch \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19121109&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-04-03 \|title=Vivisection a Licensed Evil \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19200403&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=10}}</ref>		Mitchell was an ] and opposed the use of animals in filmmaking.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-12-23 \|title=A Vicar on Vivisection \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000649%2F19201223&page=3 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=3}}</ref> He argued that filmmakers were cruel to animals and planned to get a Bill passed through Parliament which would stop trained animals appearing in films.<ref name="Newton" /> He was a member of the ] and a vice-president of the Warrington Anti-Vivisection Society.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1912-11-09 \|title=Anti-Vivisection: Annual Meeting of the Warrington Branch \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19121109&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1920-04-03 \|title=Vivisection a Licensed Evil \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0002601%2F19200403&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Examiner \|page=10}}</ref>

	=== Vegetarianism ===		=== Vegetarianism ===
	Mitchell was a ], non-smoker and teetotaller.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton" /> He was disappointed that there was a large amount of antagonism against vegetarianism in the Church.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-15 \|title=Vegetarianism as a Peace Promoter \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000206%2F19141215&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=6}}</ref> He argued that meat dishes at Christmas festivals were non-Christian, stating that they are a "debasing and degrading orgie, a festival of blood, a festival of cruelty".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1910-12-21 \|title=Anti-Christmas \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005271%2F19101221&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Halifax Daily Guardian \|page=6}}</ref> In 1907, he commented that "vegetarians or food reformers are the only consistent worshippers and the flesh-eater is convicted of inconsistency and falsehood".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-18 \|title=Harvest Festivals Condemned \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000038%2F19070918&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell stated that meat-eaters who decorated churches for the ] were making the festival a service of lies and questioned why they didn't also use "trophies of the butcher's art".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Harvest Festivals \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000051%2F19070917&page=4 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Daily News \|page=4}}</ref> He condemned such festivals as "uric-acid festivals" for meat-eaters.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Service of Lies \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004833%2F19070917&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Morning Leader \|page=5}}</ref>		Mitchell was a ], non-smoker and teetotaller.<ref name="Liverpool Echo" /><ref name="Newton" /> He was disappointed that there was a large amount of antagonism against vegetarianism in the Church.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-15 \|title=Vegetarianism as a Peace Promoter \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000206%2F19141215&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=6}}</ref> He argued that meat dishes at Christmas festivals were non-Christian, stating that they are a "debasing and degrading orgie, a festival of blood, a festival of cruelty".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1910-12-21 \|title=Anti-Christmas \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0005271%2F19101221&page=6 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Halifax Daily Guardian \|page=6}}</ref> In 1907, he commented that "vegetarians or food reformers are the only consistent worshippers and the flesh-eater is convicted of inconsistency and falsehood".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-18 \|title=Harvest Festivals Condemned \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000038%2F19070918&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=5}}</ref> Mitchell stated that meat-eaters who decorated churches for the ] were making the festival a service of lies and questioned why they didn't also use "trophies of the butcher's art".<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Harvest Festivals \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0000051%2F19070917&page=4 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Daily News \|page=4}}</ref> In 1910, he published the pamphlet "The Church and Food Reform".<ref>{{Cite web \|date=2019-09-23 \|title=Publications \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/publications/2/ \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|website=] \|language=en-GB}}</ref> He condemned such festivals as "uric-acid festivals" for meat-eaters.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1907-09-17 \|title=Service of Lies \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004833%2F19070917&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Morning Leader \|page=5}}</ref>

	Mitchell was a vice-president of the ], from 1922, and a speaker at its meetings.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=The Vegetarian Society's 67th Anniversary Meetings \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=1 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=Vegetarian Society \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020 \|title=Rev. Alfred Mansfield Mitchell, M.A. (1853-1936) \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803170951/https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|archive-date=August 3, 2020 \|website=] \|language=en-GB}}</ref> He was a council member of ]'s fruitarian Lady Margaret Hospital in ]<ref>{{cite news \|date=1906-03-17 \|title=Lady Margaret Hospital, Bromley \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004642%2F19060317&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Bromley Telegraph and Chislehurst Chronicle \|page=5}}</ref> ~~and~~ the ].<ref>{{Cite journal \|date=July 1911 \|title=The Order of the Golden Age \|url=https://ia601605.us.archive.org/1/items/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft.pdf \|journal=] \|volume=XIV \|issue=7 \|pages=185 \|via=]}}</ref>		Mitchell was a vice-president of the ], from 1922, and a speaker at its meetings.<ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=The Vegetarian Society's 67th Anniversary Meetings \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=1 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite news \|date=1914-12-12 \|title=Vegetarian Society \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0001788%2F19141212&page=10 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=] \|page=10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|date=2020 \|title=Rev. Alfred Mansfield Mitchell, M.A. (1853-1936) \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803170951/https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/obituaries/rev-alfred-mansfied-mitchell/ \|archive-date=August 3, 2020 \|website=] \|language=en-GB}}</ref> He was a council member of ]'s fruitarian Lady Margaret Hospital in ].<ref>{{cite news \|date=1906-03-17 \|title=Lady Margaret Hospital, Bromley \|url=https://www.findmypast.co.uk/image-viewer?issue=BL%2F0004642%2F19060317&page=5 \|url-access=subscription \|access-date=2024-12-20 \|newspaper=The Bromley Telegraph and Chislehurst Chronicle \|page=5}}</ref> He was also a council member of the ]<ref>{{Cite journal \|date=July 1911 \|title=The Order of the Golden Age \|url=https://ia601605.us.archive.org/1/items/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft/heraldofgoldenjul1911exetuoft.pdf \|journal=] \|volume=XIV \|issue=7 \|pages=185 \|via=]}}</ref> and wrote for its journal, ''The Herald of the Golden Age''.<ref>{{cite journal \|year=1907 \|title=The Christmas Altar \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/herald_of_the_golden_age_v11_n5_jan_1907.pdf \|journal=] \|volume=40 \|issue=5 \|pages=88–89}}</ref>

	=== Personal life and death ===		=== Personal life and death ===
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	== Selected publications ==		== Selected publications ==
	*{{cite journal \|year=~~1907~~ \|title=~~The~~ ~~Christmas~~ ~~Altar~~ \|journal=] \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/~~herald_of_the_golden_age_v11_n5_jan_1907~~.pdf \|volume=40 \|issue=5 \|pages=~~88–89~~}}		*{{cite journal \|year=1900 \|title=I claim greater Health, Fitness, and Happiness \|journal=] \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/herald_of_the_golden_age_v5_n12_dec_15_1900.pdf\|volume=5 \|issue=12 \|pages=185–186}}
			*''Humane Education: A Plea for a Humane and Ethical System of Elementary Education''. 1906.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mitchell \|first=Alfred Mansfield \|title=Humane education. A plea for a humane and ethical system of elementary education \|publisher=Fifield \|year=1906 \|location=London \|oclc=81806245}}</ref>
			*{{cite journal \|year=1907 \|title=The Christmas Altar \|journal=The Herald of the Golden Age \|url=http://iapsop.com/archive/materials/herald_of_the_golden_age/herald_of_the_golden_age_v11_n5_jan_1907.pdf \|volume=40 \|issue=5 \|pages=88–89}}
	*{{Cite journal \|date=December 1909 \|title=Christmas Cruelties \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/excelsior/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}		*{{Cite journal \|date=December 1909 \|title=Christmas Cruelties \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/excelsior/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}
	*{{Cite journal \|date= \|title=What Shall We Eat? \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/what-shall-we-eat/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}		*{{Cite journal \|date= \|title=What Shall We Eat? \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/what-shall-we-eat/ \|journal=Burton Wood Parish Magazine}}
			*{{cite journal \|date=April 1910 \|title=The Church and Food Reform \|journal=The Herald of the Golden Age \|url=https://www.ordergoldenage.co.uk/articles/the-church-and-food-reform/}}

	== References ==		== References ==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}