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	{{Short description\|~~Collection of historic~~ buildings in Los Angeles, USA}}		{{Short description\|Historic buildings in Los Angeles, USA}}
	{{Infobox historic site		{{Infobox historic site
	\| name = Bullock's complex		\| name = Bullock's complex
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	\| coordinates = {{coord\|34.04606\|-118.2535\|format=dms\|type:landmark_region:US-CA\|display=inline,title}}		\| coordinates = {{coord\|34.04606\|-118.2535\|format=dms\|type:landmark_region:US-CA\|display=inline,title}}
	\| locmapin = Los Angeles		\| locmapin = Los Angeles
	\| map_caption = Location of ~~building~~ in ]		\| map_caption = Location of complex in ]
	\| designation1 = NRHP		\| designation1 = NRHP
	\| designation1_offname = ] - nine contributing properties		\| designation1_offname = ] - nine contributing properties
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	'''Bullock's complex''' is a collection of nine historic buildings located at 639-651 south ], the 300-block of ], and 634-670 south ] in the ] and ] in the ] of ]. Each building is a ] in the ]-listed ],<ref name=NRHP>{{cite web\|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form - California SP Broadway Theater and Commercial District\|publisher=] - ]\|url=https://catalog.archives.gov/id/123858983\|date=May 9, 1979}}</ref> five buildings are contributing properties in the ]-recognized ],<ref name=HPLA>{{cite web \|title=Historic District - Hill Street Commercial Historic District \|publisher=] \|date=August 31, 2016 \|url=https://hpla.lacity.org/report/c008328e-2c96-4981-9f31-e5777471e824}}</ref> and four buildings are contributing properties in the City of Los Angeles-recognized ].<ref name=HPLA2>{{cite web \|title=Historic District - Seventh Street Commercial Historic District \|publisher=] \|date=August 31, 2016 \|url=https://hpla.lacity.org/report/e56f5fc4-1aec-4a67-abaa-2eb98bc85b72}}</ref>		'''Bullock's complex''' is a collection of nine historic buildings located at 639-651 south ], the 300-block of ], and 634-670 south ] in the ] and ] in the ] of ]. Each building is a ] in the ]-listed ],<ref name=NRHP>{{cite web\|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form - California SP Broadway Theater and Commercial District\|publisher=] - ]\|url=https://catalog.archives.gov/id/123858983\|date=May 9, 1979}}</ref> five buildings are contributing properties in the ]-recognized ],<ref name=HPLA>{{cite web \|title=Historic District - Hill Street Commercial Historic District \|publisher=] \|date=August 31, 2016 \|url=https://hpla.lacity.org/report/c008328e-2c96-4981-9f31-e5777471e824}}</ref> and four buildings are contributing properties in the City of Los Angeles-recognized ].<ref name=HPLA2>{{cite web \|title=Historic District - Seventh Street Commercial Historic District \|publisher=] \|date=August 31, 2016 \|url=https://hpla.lacity.org/report/e56f5fc4-1aec-4a67-abaa-2eb98bc85b72}}</ref>

			The complex is currently the site of the ]. It was formerly the first and flagship site of ], known as Bullock's Downtown.

	==History==		==History==
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	* Bullock's-Hollenbeck (also known as Hollenbeck Block<ref name=HSS/>) - built directly to Bullock's's north in 1912		* Bullock's-Hollenbeck (also known as Hollenbeck Block<ref name=HSS/>) - built directly to Bullock's's north in 1912
	* Pease Building - a ] owned<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://~~search~~.proquest.com/docview/160405590 \|title=Big Furniture Stock Bought \|newspaper=Los Angeles Times \|date=July 7, 1917 \|page=II-3}}</ref> furniture store purchased and connected by a bridge and tunnel to Hollenbeck's west in 1917		* Pease Building - a ] owned<ref>{{cite news \|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/160405590 \|title=Big Furniture Stock Bought \|newspaper=] \|date=July 7, 1917 \|page=II-3\|id={{ProQuest\|160405590}} }}</ref> furniture store purchased and connected by a bridge and tunnel to Hollenbeck's west in 1917
	* Eshman (or Eschmann<ref name=HPLA2/>) Building - purchased to Bullock's's west in 1919		* Eshman (or Eschmann<ref name=HPLA2/>) Building - purchased to Bullock's's west in 1919
	* Bridge building - built to connect Bullock's and Eshman in 1921		* Bridge building - built to connect Bullock's and Eshman in 1921
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	===Historic designation===		===Historic designation===
	In 1979, the ] was added to the ], with all nine buildings in the Bullock's complex listed as ] in the district.<ref name=NRHP/> In 2016, the ] created the ] and the ], with the Pease, Gennet, Mackey, and both Hart buildings listed as contributing properties in the former and Bullock's, Bridge, ~~and the~~ Eshman and Hart ~~buildings~~ listed as contributing properties in the latter.<ref name=HPLA/><ref name=HPLA2/>		In 1979, the ] was added to the ], with all nine buildings in the Bullock's complex listed as ] in the district.<ref name=NRHP/> In 2016, the ] created the ] and the ], with the Pease, Gennet, Mackey, and both Hart buildings listed as contributing properties in the former and Bullock's, Bridge, Eshman, and Hart '28 listed as contributing properties in the latter.<ref name=HPLA/><ref name=HPLA2/>

	==Architecture and design==		==Architecture and design==
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	\| built = 1922		\| built = 1922
	}}		}}
	Gennet Building is a ten-story tall, two-] wide building designed by ] and Hubbard and built in 1922. The building originally featured a ], but in 1934 the bottom two stories were remodeled in the ] style to match ~~the bottom floors of~~ the Mackey Building.<ref name=NRHP/>		Gennet Building is a ten-story tall, two-] wide building designed by ] and Hubbard and built in 1922. The building originally featured a ] design on all its exteriors, but in 1934 the bottom two stories were remodeled in the ] style to match the Mackey Building.<ref name=NRHP/>
	{{clear}}		{{clear}}

	===~~Hart Building/~~Hart '24===		===Hart '24===
	{{Infobox NRHP		{{Infobox NRHP
	\| name = Hart ~~Building~~		\| name = Hart '24
	\| nrhp_type = cp		\| nrhp_type = cp
	\| image =		\| image =
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	\| built = 1924		\| built = 1924
	}}		}}
	Hart ~~Building~~ is a ten-story building that matches Gennet Building in height, width, and styling. It was designed by ] and built in 1924.<ref name=NRHP/>		Hart '24 is a ten-story building that matches Gennet Building in height, width, and styling. It was designed by ] and built in 1924.<ref name=NRHP/>
	{{clear}}		{{clear}}

	===~~Hart Building/~~Hart '28===		===Hart '28===
	{{Infobox NRHP		{{Infobox NRHP
	\| name = Hart ~~Building~~		\| name = Hart '28
	\| nrhp_type = cp		\| nrhp_type = cp
	\| image =		\| image =
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	\| built = 1928		\| built = 1928
	}}		}}
	Hart ~~Building~~ is an expansion of ~~the~~ Hart ~~Building that was built in 1924~~. The expansion fills out the block and consists of five ] on ] and four bays on ]. The building is virtually indistinguishable from ~~the 1924~~ Hart ~~Building~~ and features ] that consists primarily of three-part ]s.<ref name=NRHP/>		Hart '28 is an expansion of Hart '24. The expansion fills out the block and consists of five ] on ] and four bays on ]. The building is virtually indistinguishable from Hart '24 and features ] that consists primarily of three-part ]s.<ref name=NRHP/>
	{{clear}}		{{clear}}

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	{{Downtown Los Angeles}}		{{Downtown Los Angeles}}
	{{LABTCD}}		{{LABTCD}}
			{{History of Retail in Southern California}}

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Latest revision as of 01:17, 22 December 2024

Historic buildings in Los Angeles, USA

Bullock's complex
Bullock's complex in 1917
Location	639-651 S. Broadway, the 300-block of 7th Street, and 634-670 S. Hill Street
Coordinates	34°02′46″N 118°15′13″W / 34.04606°N 118.2535°W / 34.04606; -118.2535
Built	1906-1934
Architect	Parkinson and Bergstrom Morgan and Walls Hudson and Munsell Parkinson and Hubbard Parkinson and Parkinson
Architectural style(s)	Beaux Arts Moderne

U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Official name	Broadway Theater and Commercial District - nine contributing properties
Designated	May 9, 1979
Reference no.	79000484


Location of complex in Los Angeles County

Bullock's complex is a collection of nine historic buildings located at 639-651 south Broadway, the 300-block of 7th Street, and 634-670 south Hill Street in the Jewelry District and Broadway Theater District in the historic core of downtown Los Angeles. Each building is a contributing property in the National Register of Historic Places-listed Broadway Theater and Commercial District, five buildings are contributing properties in the City of Los Angeles-recognized Hill Street Commercial Historic District, and four buildings are contributing properties in the City of Los Angeles-recognized Seventh Street Commercial Historic District.

The complex is currently the site of the St. Vincent's Jewelry Center. It was formerly the first and flagship site of Bullock's, known as Bullock's Downtown.

History

Bullock's complex began with the Bullock's building (also known as Earl or Tehama building), located on the corner of Broadway and 7th. This building, seven-stories in height, was built in 1906. It was financed by Arthur Letts, designed by Parkinson and Bergstrom, and built for John G. Bullock, who opened the original Bullock's in the building in March 1907. This store became known as Bullock's Downtown after other Bullock's locations opened.

Bullock's Downtown proved so successful that the location expanded eight times in less than three decades, expanding its floor area from 350,000 square feet (33,000 m) to 806,000 square feet (74,900 m). These expansions were:

Bullock's-Hollenbeck (also known as Hollenbeck Block) - built directly to Bullock's's north in 1912
Pease Building - a Niles Pease owned furniture store purchased and connected by a bridge and tunnel to Hollenbeck's west in 1917
Eshman (or Eschmann) Building - purchased to Bullock's's west in 1919
Bridge building - built to connect Bullock's and Eshman in 1921
Gennet Building - built directly to Pease's north in 1922
Hart '24 - built directly to Pease's south and Eshman's north in 1924
Hart '28 - built directly to Eshman's west and Hart '24's south in 1928
Mackey Building - built directly to Gennet's north in 1934.

Bullock's Downtown closed in June 1983. The complex later became St. Vincent's Jewelry Center, named after the college that was located here prior to Bullock's. Approximately 500 jewelers occupied the building as of 2009, and Big Lots also occupied 40,000 square feet (3,700 m) in the original Bullock's building, with their location taken over by Burlington Coat Factory in November 2015.

Historic designation

In 1979, the Broadway Theater and Commercial District was added to the National Register of Historic Places, with all nine buildings in the Bullock's complex listed as contributing properties in the district. In 2016, the city of Los Angeles created the Hill Street Commercial Historic District and the Seventh Street Commercial Historic District, with the Pease, Gennet, Mackey, and both Hart buildings listed as contributing properties in the former and Bullock's, Bridge, Eshman, and Hart '28 listed as contributing properties in the latter.

Architecture and design

Despite being built at different times and designed by different architects, each building in the Bullock's complex is united by design, historical function, and internal circulation.

Bullock's

United States historic place


Bullock's
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

The original Bullock's building in 1907
Location	641-651 S. Broadway and 301-311 W. 7th Street, Los Angeles, California
Built	1906
Architect	Parkinson and Bergstrom
Architectural style	Beaux Arts

Bullock's is a seven-story steel frame and brick building designed by Parkinson and Bergstrom and built in 1906. It features a Beaux Arts design with a brick and terra cotta facade that includes heavy cornice.

Bullock's-Hollenbeck

United States historic place


Bullock's-Hollenbeck
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

Bullock's Hollenbeck behind Bullock's on Broadway in 1924
Location	639 S. Broadway, Los Angeles, California
Built	1912
Architect	Morgan and Walls
Architectural style	Beaux Arts

Bullock's-Hollenbeck is a ten-story brick and reinforced-concrete building designed by Morgan and Walls and built in 1912. It features a brick and terra cotta facade almost identical to the original Bullock's building.

Pease Building

United States historic place


Pease Building
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

Pease Building in 1925
Location	646 S. Hill St., Los Angeles, California
Built	1906
Architect	Hudson and Munsell
Architectural style	Beaux Arts

Pease Building is an eight-story Beaux Arts building designed by Hudson and Munsell and built in 1906. A bridge and tunnel connecting the building to Bullock's-Hollenback was built when Bullock's bought this building in 1917.

Eshman Building

United States historic place


Eshman Building
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

Location	345 W. 7th St., Los Angeles, California
Built	1909
Architect	Morgan and Walls
Architectural style	Beaux Arts

Eshman Building is a seven-story building designed by Morgan and Walls and built in 1909. It features a Beaux Arts design with a three-part vertical division.

Bridge

United States historic place


Bridge
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

The backside of the bottom two stories of Bridge, taken from St. Vincent's Court
Location	321 W. 7th St., Los Angeles, California
Built	1921
Architectural style	Beaux Arts

Bridge spans St. Vincent's Place, connecting the upper six stories of the Bullock's and Eshman buildings. The building's design repeats the design of Bullock's building. It was built in 1921.

Gennet Building

United States historic place


Gennet Buidling
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

Location	640 S. Hill St., Los Angeles, California
Built	1922
Architect	Parkinson and Hubbard
Architectural style	Beaux Arts and Moderne

Gennet Building is a ten-story tall, two-bay wide building designed by Parkinson and Hubbard and built in 1922. The building originally featured a Beaux Arts design on all its exteriors, but in 1934 the bottom two stories were remodeled in the Moderne style to match the Mackey Building.

Hart '24

United States historic place


Hart '24
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

Location	652-658 S. Hill St., Los Angeles, California
Built	1924
Architect	Parkinson and Parkinson
Architectural style	Beaux Arts

Hart '24 is a ten-story building that matches Gennet Building in height, width, and styling. It was designed by Parkinson and Parkinson and built in 1924.

Hart '28

United States historic place


Hart '28
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

Location	670 S. Hill St. and 651 S. 7th St., Los Angeles, California
Built	1928
Architect	Parkinson and Parkinson
Architectural style	Beaux Arts

Hart '28 is an expansion of Hart '24. The expansion fills out the block and consists of five bays on Hill St. and four bays on 7th. The building is virtually indistinguishable from Hart '24 and features fenestration that consists primarily of three-part Chicago windows.

Mackey Building

United States historic place


Mackey Building
U.S. Historic district Contributing property

Location	634 S. Hill St., Los Angeles, California
Built	1934
Architect	Parkinson and Parkinson
Architectural style	Beaux Arts and Moderne

Mackey Building is an eight-story building designed by Parkinson and Parkinson and built in 1934. The building's upper six stories repeat the design of Gennet Building, while the bottom two stories feature a Moderne design that was then expanded to Gennet Building to match.

References

^ "National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form - California SP Broadway Theater and Commercial District". United States Department of the Interior - National Park Service. May 9, 1979.
^ "Historic District - Hill Street Commercial Historic District". City of Los Angeles. August 31, 2016.
^ "Historic District - Seventh Street Commercial Historic District". City of Los Angeles. August 31, 2016.
^ Sitton, Tom (2008). "GC 1323 - Historic Sites Surveys" (PDF). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.
^ Michelson, Alan. "Bullock's Department Store #1, Downtown, Los Angeles, CA". University of Washington Pacific Coast Architecture Database. Retrieved December 18, 2024.
"Early Los Angeles Historical Buildings (1900 - 1925)". Water and Power Associates. p. 1. Retrieved December 17, 2024.
"Big Furniture Stock Bought". Los Angeles Times. July 7, 1917. p. II-3. ProQuest 160405590.
Frick, Devin T. (March 23, 2015). Bullock's Department Store. Arcadia Publishing SC. ISBN 9781467132961.
"St. Vincent Court". California State Park Commission. 1957.
"Image / Bullock Pease Building, Job # 332". University of California - Calisphere. Retrieved December 18, 2024.

Downtown Los Angeles

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City	Central Library City Hall Fire Station No. 23 LAPD Headquarters
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Regions: Crescenta Valley; Downtown; Eastside; Harbor Area; Greater Hollywood; Northeast LA; Northwest LA; San Fernando Valley; South LA; Westside; Central Los Angeles & Wilshire area

Broadway Theater and Commercial District

Contributing
properties

Buildings	Apparel Center Anjac Fashion Arcade Barker Brothers Bradbury Braun Broadway Cafeteria Broadway Interiors Broadway Mart Center Bullock's Bullock's complex Bridge Bullock's Bullock's-Hollenbeck Eshman Gennet Hart '24 Hart '28 Mackey Pease Bumiller Chapman Cheney Chester Williams Desmond's Eastern Columbia Fifth Street Finney's Cafeteria Forrester Grand Central Market Hartfields Hubert-Thom McAn Issacs J. E. Carr Mailing's May Company Merritt Metropolitan Annex Metropolitan Building Ninth and Broadway Norton O. T. Johnson 2 Jewelry Trades Judson-Rives Parmelee Reed's Remick Silverwood's Singer Swelldom Trustee Walter P. Story Wilson Wood Brothers Woolworth's Yorkshire Hotel
Theaters	Arcade Cameo Globe Los Angeles Million Dollar Orpheum Palace Rialto Roxie Tower United
2002 additions	Blackstone's Department Store Broadway Leasehold Irvine-Byrne United Artists Theater Victor Clothing Company Western Costume
Removed in 2002	Karl's Lankershim Hotel Nelson O. T. Johnson O. T. Johnson Block

Non-
contributing

Mentioned
but not listed

Featured
architects

Other
individuals

Department stores
with origins in

Central Los Angeles	Barker Bros. Blackstone's Brooks Clothing Bon Marché The Broadway‎ Bullock's‎ Bullocks Wilshire Central City of Paris Coulter's Dearden's Desmond's B. H. Dyas Eastern-Columbia Fallas Paredes Famous (Cal Hirsch & Sons) Fifth Street Store The Globe (51st & S. Broadway) Haggarty's ("New York Store") The Hub J. M. Hale Co. Hamburger's ("People's Store") Harris & Frank Jacoby Bros. May Co. (buildings: May Co. Downtown LA – May Co. Wilshire – May Co. Mission Valley) Milliron's (Milliron's/Broadway Westchester) Mullen & Bluett Myer Siegel Phelps-Terkel J. W. Robinson's Robinsons-May Sears-Pico Silverwoods Swelldom Ville de Paris Walker's (L.A.)
L.A. neighborhoods	Iver's (Highland Pk) Nahas (N Hwd) Quigley's (Hwd) Rathbun's (N Hwd) Robertson Co. (Hwd) Sears Pico–Rimpau
Long Beach	Buffums The Emporium Marti's Robert's Walker's LB Wise Company
Pasadena	Boadway Bros. Meyer's Nash's
Rest of L.A. Co.	Boston Stores (Inglewood) Butler Bros. (Vernon) Chaney's (Hawthorne) I. H. Hawkins (Redondo Bch) Henshey's (Santa Monica) Hinshaw's (Arcadia/Whittier) Kitson (W Hwd) Myers (Whittier) Webb's (Glendale) Wineman's (Oxnard/Huntington Pk)
Bakersfield	Brock's
Inland Empire	Willets (Colton) Harris Company (San B'do)
Orange Co.	Rankin's (Santa Ana) The S.Q.R. Store (Anaheim)
San Diego–Tijuana	Barnett-Stine Dorian's Holzwasser's Marston's Walker Scott
Elsewhere	J. C. Penney Montgomery Ward Ohrbach's Sears

Clothing and shoes

Discount and
membership stores

Drugstores

Disco Drug and Discount Centers
Sav-on
Schwab's Pharmacy
Thrifty

Furniture and
home furnishings

Grocery stores

Home enter-
tainment, appliances

Adray's
Cal Stereo
Federated Group
Golden Bear Home and Sport Centers
Ken Crane's
Leo's Stereo
Pacific Stereo
Rogersound Labs
University Stereo

Home improvement

Builders Emporium
National Lumber
Ole's Home Centers

Music

On-street shopping

Los Angeles:
Plaza
1880s-90s CBD
Broadway (CBD)
Broadway & 87th, South L.A.*
Seventh St.
Flower St.
Hollywood Blvd.
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Miracle Mile, Wilshire Blvd.
Westwood Village (near UCLA)
Other cities:
Beverly Hills: Rodeo Drive
Burbank: Golden Mall
Huntington Park: Pacific Blvd.
Long Beach: Pine St.
Palm Springs: La Plaza/Palm Canyon Dr. - See also History of retail in Palm Springs
Pasadena: Lake Ave.
Pasadena: Old Pasadena
Santa Ana: 4th St.
Santa Monica: Main St. - 3rd St. Promenade

L.A.
shopping center
"firsts"

Oldest origins of a major L.A. chain: Harris & Frank (1876) - 1st dept. store on Broadway: A. Fusenot Co./Ville de Paris - 1st dept. store on 7th off Broadway: J. W. Robinson's (1915) - 1st planned shopping district: Westwood Village (1929) - 1st suburban dept. store branch: B. H. Dyas/Broadway Hollywood (1927) - 1st center with multiple supermarkets: Broadway & 87th Street shopping center (1936) - 1st center with department store anchor: Broadway-Crenshaw Center (1947) - 1st enclosed mall: Lakewood Center (1951) - 1st mall in Orange County: Anaheim Plaza (1955) - 1st center with 4 dept. stores: Panorama City Shopping Center (1964)

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L.A. Central Area	ARCO Plaza* Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Plaza Beverly Center Beverly Connection The Bloc Los Angeles Broadway & 87th Street* Crossroads of the World Eagle Rock Plaza El Mercado de Los Angeles Farmers Market FIGat7th Grove at Farmers Market Japanese Village Plaza Los Angeles Mall Midtown Crossing & Sears-Pico Ovation Hollywood Town & Country Market* Weller Court West Hollywood Gateway
Westside	Airport Marina Hotel* Brentwood Country Mart Edgemar Malibu Country Mart Palisades Village Platform, Culver City Promenade at Howard Hughes Center Santa Monica Place Third Street Promenade Westfield Century City Westfield Culver City
San Fernando Valley	Americana at Brand Burbank Town Center Commons at Calabasas Fallbrook Center Glendale Fashion Center Glendale Galleria NoHo West Northridge Fashion Center Panorama Mall Promenade (Woodland Hills)* Sherman Oaks Galleria* Universal CityWalk Valley Plaza* Westfield Fashion Square Westfield Topanga
San Gabriel Valley	Eastland Center El Monte Shopping Center* El Rancho Santa Anita Indian Hill Mall* Paseo Colorado Plaza West Covina Pomona Mall* Puente Hills Mall Shops at Santa Anita
South Bay	Del Amo Fashion Center Fisherman's Village Hawthorne Plaza Shopping Center Old Towne Mall* Peninsula Center Promenade on the Peninsula South Bay Galleria SouthBay Pavilion
Southeast L.A. Co.	Los Cerritos Center Cerritos Towne Center Citadel Outlets Lakewood Center La Mirada Mall* Plaza México Promenade at Downey Quad at Whittier Santa Fe Springs Mall* Santa Fe Springs Shopping Center* Shops at Montebello Stonewood Center Uptown Whittier Whittier Downs* Whittwood Town Center*
Long Beach	Long Beach Plaza Long Beach Towne Center Los Altos Center Marina Pacifica Mall
Northern L.A. Co.	Antelope Valley Mall Valencia Town Center

Elsewhere

Imperial Valley Mall, El Centro
Valley Plaza Mall, Bakersfield

See also: History of retail in Southern California – History of retail in Palm Springs — Note: starred (*) listings indicate former regional mall now site of strip-style community center with new name

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