Misplaced Pages

Latest revision as of 02:43, 22 December 2024

Jodhaa Akbar
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Ashutosh Gowariker
Written by	K. P. Saxena (dialogue)
Screenplay by	Haidar Ali Ashutosh Gowariker
Story by	Haidar Ali
Produced by	Ronnie Screwvala Ashutosh Gowariker
Starring	Hrithik Roshan Aishwarya Rai Bachchan
Narrated by	Amitabh Bachchan
Cinematography	Kiran Deohans
Edited by	Baldev Saluja
Music by	A. R. Rahman
Production company	Ashutosh Gowariker Productions Private Limited
Distributed by	UTV Motion Pictures
Release date	15 February 2008 (2008-02-15)
Running time	214 minutes
Country	India
Languages	Hindi Urdu
Budget	₹40 crore
Box office	est. ₹120 crore

Jodhaa Akbar is a 2008 Indian Hindi-language epic historical romantic drama musical fiction film directed by Ashutosh Gowariker. It stars Hrithik Roshan and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan in the titular roles. Set in the 16th century, the film shows the fictional life and love between the Muslim Emperor Akbar of the Mughal Empire and a Hindu Princess Jodhaa Bai of Amber, and their political marriage. A. R. Rahman composed the musical score which proved to be critically and commercially successful. The film marks the second collaboration between Roshan and Rai Bachchan after Dhoom 2 (2006).

Jodhaa Akbar was released theatrically worldwide on 15 February 2008. Upon release, it was a critical and commercial success and became the fourth highest-grossing Hindi film of 2008.

Jodhaa Akbar won the Audience Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the São Paulo International Film Festival and two awards at the Golden Minbar International Film Festival. At the 56th National Film Awards, it won two awards for Best Choreography (Chinni Prakash and Rekha Prakash for "Azeem-o-Shaan Shahenshah") and Best Costume Design (Neeta Lulla). At the 54th Filmfare Awards, it received 11 nominations, including Best Actress (Rai Bachchan), Best Supporting Actor (Sood) and Best Music Director (Rahman), and won 5 awards, including Best Film, Best Director (Gowariker) and Best Actor (Roshan). It also won 10 International Indian Film Academy Awards and 7 Star Screen Awards, in addition to two nominations at the 3rd Asian Film Awards.

Plot

Jalaluddin, the underage emperor of the Mughal Empire is taught by Bairam Khan to rule mercilessly, killing defeated opponents after a battle. Years later, after another battle, an adult Jalaluddin defies Bairam Khan for the first time, deciding that mercy, respect, and diplomacy will be his way forward.

Jodhaa, daughter of Raja Bharmal of the Amber State, is betrothed to Prince Ratan Singh of Ajabgarh. Raja Bharmal announces that his son Bhagwant Das would be his heir and Sujamal, Jodhaa's cousin, whom she wants to be the king's heir instead of Bhagwant Das, will have to work under him. Sujamal, who is deprived of his rightful throne, angrily leaves the kingdom to join Sharifuddin Hussain, Jalaluddin's brother-in-law, who has his own ambition of becoming emperor. Raja Bharmal makes a peace offering to Jalaluddin, proposing to strengthen relations by his daughter's marriage to the emperor himself. Jalaluddin agrees, but this breaks Bharmal's alliance with the other kings of Rajputana, including Rana Uday Singh. Jodhaa resents being reduced to a political pawn. She writes a letter to Sujamal, requesting him to rescue her, but doesn't send it.

Jodhaa requests a meeting with Jalaluddin and demands that she be allowed to practice her religion even after her wedding, and that a Hindu temple be built for her at the Agra fort. To her surprise, Jalaluddin agrees. After their marriage, Jodhaa acts reluctant with Jalaluddin and they do not consummate their marriage. He assures Jodhaa that they will let things fall into place.

The emperor's foster brother Adham Khan, the son of Jalaluddin's nurse and nanny, Maham- Anga, murders Jalaluddin's prime minister Atgah Khan to prevent his own war crimes from being exposed. In a fit of rage, Jalaluddin has Adham executed by throwing him down from the palace roof, unaware of Jodhaa watching. The scene has her torn between fearing Jalaluddin's violence and respecting his passionate love for justice.

Maham Anga despises Jodhaa. She conspires to destroy Jalaluddin's marriage, humiliating Jodhaa in front of him. She finds the letter Jodhaa had written to Sujamal and has it sent, and when Sujamal comes to meet Jodhaa secretly, she insinuates to Jalaluddin that Jodhaa went to meet her lover. Jalaluddin sends his men to arrest Sujamal, who thinks Jodhaa has betrayed him, and flees. Jalaluddin sends Jodhaa back to Amber. Jodhaa does not give an explanation, indignant at her character being questioned. Later Jalaluddin finds out the truth and goes to Amber, apologises to Jodhaa, and asks her to come back, but she refuses. Instead, Jodhaa tells him to investigate the working of his relations and empire.

Jalaluddin returns and travels through the common folk in disguise to understand the problems of his people better. That is when he realizes that the citizens are not happy with the Mughal rule because of discriminatory pilgrimage tax on non Muslims. Jalaluddin abolishes it and announces that every religion has its rights in his empire.This impresses Jodhaa, who comes back to him. His citizens bestow him with the title of Akbar(the great one). During a celebration, an assassin sent by Sharifuddin Hussain shoots a poisoned arrow at Akbar. Jodhaa helps nurse Akbar back to health and the pair genuinely fall deeply in love.

Sujamal, Sharifuddin Hussain, and his allies march to attack Amber. After Sujamal overhears Sharifuddin plotting an assassination attempt on the emperor, he quickly leaves to warn Akbar of this conspiracy. Sharifuddin's soldiers chase Sujamal and shoot him with arrows. Before dying, he manages to warn the emperor of the attack. Akbar defeats Sharifuddin in hand-to-hand combat, and then spares his life for the sake of his half-sister Bakshi Banu Begum, but not before stripping him of his title of Viceroy of Ajmer and Nagaur. Eventually, Akbar proclaims that Hindustan will be a peaceful and prosperous land if people respect and honour each other's religions. The film ends with a voiceover saying that although their love is not given significant importance, Jodhaa and Akbar have silently created history together.

Cast

• Hrithik Roshan as Emperor Akbar
  • Parth Dave as young Akbar
• Aishwarya Rai Bachchan as Rajkumari Jodhaa Bai
  • Rucha Vaidya as young Jodhaa Bai
• Sonu Sood as Rajkumar Sujamal
• Kulbhushan Kharbanda as Raja Veer Bharmal
• Suhasini Mulay as Rani Padmavati, Jodhaa's mother
• Raza Murad as Shamshuddin Atgah Khan
• Poonam Sinha as Malika Hamida Banu Begum
• Rajesh Vivek as Chugtai Khan, Akbar's commander
• Pramod Moutho as Todar Mal, finance minister in Akbar's court
• Ila Arun as Maham Anga
• Nikitin Dheer as Sharifuddin Hussain
• Digvijay Purohit as Raja Bhagwant Das
• Yuri Suri as Bairam Khan
• Surendra Pal as Rana Uday Singh, a Rajputana ruler
• Vishwa Mohan Badola as Sadir Adasi, Akbar's courtier and Hussain's ally
• Prathmesh Mehta as Chandrabhan Singh
• Shaji Chaudhary as Adham Khan
• Manava Naik as Neelakshi, Jodhaa's servant
• Disha Vakani as Madhavi, Jodhaa's servant
• Kavi Kumar Azad as a wheat seller whom Akbar chances upon during his tour in guise
• Abir Abrar as Bakshi Banu Begum
• Indrajit Sarkar as Mahesh Das / Birbal
• Aman Dhaliwal as Rajkumar Ratan Singh
• Pradeep Sharma as Sheikh Mubarak
• Pappu Polyester as Mulla Do-Piyaza
• Balraj as Raja Balraj Singh
• Sudhanshu Hakku as Raja of Shimalmarg Kingdom
• Syed Badr-ul Hasan Khan Bahadur as Mulla Do-Piyaza
• Dilnaz Irani as Salima
• Tejpal Singh Rawat as Ni'Mat, head eunuch in Agra fort
• Shehzor Ali as Hemu
• Ulhas Barve as Raja of Mankeshwar
• Jassi Singh as Raja of Bhadra Kingdom
• Raju Pandit as Raja of Bhati Kingdom
• Bharat Kumar as Raja Chauhan
• Rajiv Sehgal as Raja of Virat Kingdom
• Adivi sesh as backgroung song cast
• Amitabh Bachchan as Narrator (in voice)

Production

Origin and scripting

Following the success of Lagaan (2001), its director Ashutosh Gowariker was approached by actor and screenwriter Haidar Ali with the idea of making a film along the lines of K. Asif's historical epic, Mughal-e-Azam (1960). When Gowariker contemplated on whether he should make a sequel to Mughal-e-Azam or remake it, Ali suggested that he can do a prequel to it; Gowariker agreed and decided to create a screenplay that would cover the early years of Akbar's life from 13 to 21 years of age. In an interview with Syed Firdaus Ashraf of Rediff.com, Ali said on his decision to work with Gowariker:

Ashutosh is the only director who could do justice to a film of such a level. In Lagaan, he touched on the issue of casteism, the oppressed class, Hindu-Muslim unity, communal harmony, team spirit, management and nationalism. He weaved all this beautifully to make a hit film without preaching or lecturing. In the same way, I told him he could make a beautiful film by touching on such issues without preaching.

Gowariker had already finished his script for Swades (2004) when Ali pitched the idea. As a result, he decided to start his work with Ali after completing it. In December 2001, Ali began research on the marriage of princess Jodhabai, daughter of the Rajput ruler of Amer, Bharmal with the Mughal emperor Akbar, and prepared a basic story on the couple. One month after Swades was released, Ali met Gowariker and handed to him the story. Gowariker subsequently announced his next project, terming it "a romantic musical", titled Jodhaa Akbar.

In March 2005, Gowariker started work on the screenplay with Ali while denying speculations that Firoz A. Nadiadwala and Subhash Ghai were producing the film. It was confirmed later in August 2006 that Gowariker would co-produce the film himself under his banner AGPPL productions with Ronnie Screwvala of UTV Motion Pictures, in addition to the latter distributing it. Ali and Gowariker completed the script in November 2005 and sought the help of Bhawani Singh, the Maharaja of Jaipur and his spouse, Maharani Padmini Devi to provide them with "creative inputs to make Jodhaa Akbar as realistic as possible." K. P. Saxena was hired to write the film's dialogues.

Cast and crew

Hrithik Roshan and Aishwarya Rai were the first choice of both Ali and Gowariker for portraying Akbar and Jodhabai respectively. Gowariker believed Roshan possessed the regal bearing and physique required to play the role of a king. According to Gowariker, Roshan immediately agreed after the former merely mentioned that he was doing a film on Akbar. Roshan learned Urdu as a means of preparing for his role. For casting Rai, Gowariker sent her an SMS asking "Will U B My Jodha?" to which Rai sent a reply stating "Yes, I will" followed by a smiley. Sonu Sood was chosen to play Jodhabai's cousin brother Rajkumar Sujamal. Sood had rejected offers to feature in other projects as he wanted to fully involve himself in the film.

The role of Akbar's mother, Hamida Banu Begum, was first offered to Saira Banu, who declined citing family commitments as her reason. The role subsequently went to Poonam Sinha which marked a comeback for her to acting since her brief stint in the 1970s. Actress and singer Ila Arun had wanted to work with Gowariker and approached him for a role in the film; Gowariker cast her as Akbar's nurse, Maham Anga. Nikitin Dheer was selected to play Sharifuddin Hussain, the rebellious brother-in-law of Akbar, after impressing Gowariker during the auditions. Kulbhushan Kharbanda portrayed Raja Bharmal while Suhasini Mulay was cast as Jodhabai's mother, Rani Padmavati. Actress Abir Abrar, niece of actress Kumkum, was selected to play Bakshi Banu Begum, Akbar's sister and Hussain's wife. Indrajeet Sarkar was cast in the role of Birbal, but his scenes were cut from the film's final version to reduce its duration.

A. R. Rahman, Javed Akhtar, Nitin Chandrakant Desai and Ballu Saluja were signed up as the music composer, lyricist for the songs, art director and editor respectively, thereby collaborating with Gowariker for the third time after Lagaan and Swades. Visual Computing Labs (VCL), a division of Tata Elxsi, were in charge of the film's special effects. Kiran Deohans, known for his work in Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (1988), Aks (2001) and Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham... (2001), was the film's cinematographer. Gowariker chose Ravi Dewan to be the stunt co-ordinator for Jodhaa Akbar based on the latter's experience in handling historical films, such as 1942: A Love Story (1994). Chinni Prakash and his wife Rekha, Raju Khan and Ash Kumar were the film's choreographers.

Costume design

Neeta Lulla, who had earlier worked with Rai in Sanjay Leela Bhansali's Devdas (2002), was chosen to handle the film's costume designing. Lulla found Jodhaa Akbar to be "one of the most challenging films" she had done. This was because she had to design costumes not only for the lead actress, but for every cast member involved in the film. Lulla did extensive research for a year and a half on the type of clothes people wore during the Mughal Empire. She went to Jaipur to procure information on what type of fabrics were worn during that period. She schematically designed clothes by providing yellow, orange and red colours for the Rajputs and gold, brown and beige colours for the Mughals.

Keeping in mind the grandeur of the Mughal Empire during Akbar's time, Lulla used the Zardozi and Kundan types of embroidery for Roshan's and Rai's dresses. The fabrics for designing the costumes as well as the shoes were bought from Delhi, Mumbai and Jaipur, while authentic embroidered Mojaris were used for footwear. Lulla designed clothes of dark brown, black and green colours for the character of Sharifuddin Hussain after taking the characters' persona into consideration.

The jewellery used for the costumes were purchased from the jewellery brand company Tanishq. Jodhaa Akbar marked the company's second venture into films after the fantasy film Paheli (2005). A team of 200 craftsmen worked for 600 days to fashion and mould jewels made of gold gemstones. Around 300 kilograms of jewels were used. Rai and Roshan wore thirteen and eight sets of jewels respectively throughout the film. The set, which Aishwarya wore in the scene where Jodhabai is wedded to Akbar weighed 3.5 kilograms. Rai later mentioned in subsequent interviews that the toughest part of playing her character was to wear the jewellery as she found them quite heavy to bedeck. The jewels were designed using miniature paintings from Mughal literature and Akbar's autobiography by Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, the Akbarnama as influences. The scabbards used by the lead actors in the film weighed two kilograms.

Principal photography

Filming commenced in early November 2006 at Jaipur with the climax sequence with Roshan and Dheer, and the Second Battle of Panipat. Palace scenes featuring Rai as Jodhabai before her marriage to Akbar were filmed at the Roopangarh Fort in Kishangarh. The sequence featuring the Battle of Panipat was shot in the Dhula region located on the outskirts of Jaipur. To prepare for their fight sequences, Roshan and Rai learnt sword-fighting and horse-riding a month before filming began at Mehboob Studio and Mahalaxmi Racecourse respectively. Rai had learnt sword-fighting and horse-riding while filming The Last Legion (2007) because of which she had little difficulty in her preparations.

Dewan worked with Desai in designing the armour and ammunitions. The cannons were made of carbon fibre with iron inserted on the inner portions to make sure the cannonballs were fired smoothly. The swords were initially made of both wood and fibre but were later made of lightweight carbon fibre due to the actors not being able to manoeuvre them easily. All of the stunt sequences were rehearsed every day from 3 am to 7 am before they were filmed. A team of 250 stuntmen and 5,000 extras were used for all the battle scenes, which were filmed for 20–30 days at a stretch. Ashutosh wanted the climax to be perfect because of which the extras, who were people from nearby villages and were used for Akbar's and Hussain's armies, would often get tired standing in the same position for an entire day. Some of them would not be present the next day. As a result, Dewan placed the 250 stuntmen in the front rows of both armies so as not to show how exhausted the villagers were.

Deohans employed six cameras to film the climax scene from different angles. He was influenced by films such as Gladiator (2000) and Troy (2004) as he found the "basic colour" of those films' locations similar to that of Rajasthan's arid surroundings. The lighting was used depending on the scenes filmed. Further shooting took place at Sambhar Lake Town, and the forts of Amber, Amer and Agra. The scene where Akbar prays to the Islamic scholar Moinuddin Chishti for a successful conquest of India was filmed at the Ajmer Sharif Dargah.

After the completion of the first schedule of filming—which took in 60 days—by the end of December 2006, the second schedule began on 8 January 2007 at Desai's ND Studios based in Karjat. Desai took "lakhs of photographs" of Amer Fort and Agra fort. Using the photos as reference, he erected sets consisting of the inner portions of both places in his studio. Filming could not take place entirely at the forts due to heavy traffic of tourists coming there every day. Consequentially, only the outer portions of both the forts were filmed on the spot during the first schedule while the scenes featuring the inner portions were filmed at Karjat. The inner portions that were erected by Desai included the Dīwān-e-Ām, Dīwān-e-Khās, Jodhaabai's inner chambers and the fort's gardens. The entire set measured 1,600 feet long, 600 feet wide and 68 feet high, which according to Desai was equivalent to "seven floors of a high-rise". Concrete, fibre and asbestos sheets were the materials used to create the interiors of the forts. The cost of the entire set at Karjat was estimated to be around ₹120 million.

The song "Azeem-O-Shaan Shahenshah", which was choreographed by Prakash, featured about 12 assistant choreographers, 400 dancers and 2,000 extras acting as the citizens of Agra. Prakash used the dance steps featured in the songs of films such as Ganga Jamuna (1961) and Guide (1965) as reference. The song was planned to be finished within 10 days but took 15 days to complete as Prakash felt it was "difficult to stick to a deadline when you have a crowd this big." He credited his team for finishing the song as he believed it would have taken "a month" to film without their co-operation. The music video for "Azeem-O-Shaan Shahenshah" had a production cost of ₹25 million ($575,000). It was the most expensive Bollywood music video at the time, matching "Dola Re Dola" from Devdas (2002).

A total of 80 elephants, 100 horses and 55 camels were employed throughout the entire film. The battle scene featuring Roshan and Ulhas Barve, who plays the King of Mankeshwar, Chittorgarh district, was filmed in June 2007 at Jaipur. Shooting was completed in October–November 2007 at Karjat. Due to the amount of money spent on the costumes and sets, the budget of the film, which was initially ₹370 million, increased to ₹400 million.

Soundtrack

The score and soundtrack of the film was composed by A. R. Rahman, making his third collaboration with Ashutosh Gowariker after Lagaan, and Swades. The official soundtrack contains five songs and two instrumentals. Rahman scored the prewritten lyrics by Javed Akhtar, except for the songs "Khwaja Mere Khwaja" which was written by Kashif. The music was released on 9 January 2008 and the CDs were out by 18 January. According to the Indian trade website Box Office India, with around 1,100,000 units sold, this film's soundtrack album was the year's fourteenth highest-selling.

The film emerged out as the biggest winner in many music awards. However, in the best music direction category, it lost many mainly to Jaane Tu... Ya Jaane Na, composed by Rahman himself. The fine background score won the film several awards including Filmfare Best Background Score and IIFA Best Background Score. The soundtrack was also nominated in numerous categories.

Historical accuracy

Many of the events portrayed in the movie are fictional. Certain Rajput groups claimed Jodhaa was married to Akbar's son, Jahangir, not Akbar. However that name of that wife of Jahangir is proposed as 'Jodh Bai' not 'Jodhaa Bai' .

Several historians claim that Akbar's Rajput wife was never known as "Jodhaa Bai" during the Mughal period, she was referred to with her title of Mariam-uz-Zamani. According to Professor Shirin Moosvi, a historian of Aligarh Muslim University, neither the Akbarnama (a biography of Akbar commissioned by Akbar himself) nor any historical text from the period refer to her as Jodhaa Bai. Moosvi notes that the name "Jodhaa Bai" was first used to refer to Akbar's wife in the 18th and 19th centuries in historical writings.

In the Tuzk-e-Jahangiri (autobiography of Jahangir, c.1624), the author refers to her with no name, rather the epithet Mariam-uz-Zamani. According to Ruby Lal (2008), "The only document that names the mother of Jahangir is a later edict issued by Mariam-uz-Zamani. The seal on the edict reads 'Wali Nimat Begum, Walideh Nur al-Din Jahangir', thus clearly identifying Mariam-uz-Zamani with Wali Nimat Begum and unequivocally declaring her to be Jahangir's mother".

According to historian Imtiaz Ahmad, the director of the Khuda Baksh Oriental Public Library in Patna, the name "Jodhaa" was used for Akbar's wife for the first time by Lieutenant-Colonel James Tod, in his book Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan. According to Ahmad, Tod was not a professional historian. N. R. Farooqi claims that Jodhaa Bai was not the name of Akbar's Rajput queen; it was the name of Jahangir's Rajput wife.

Ashutosh Gowarikar's reaction was:

While making the film I did my best to go by the book. I consulted the best historians and went through the most rigorous research. There are different names used for Akbar's wife, Jodhaa being one of them. In fact, there's a disclaimer about the Rajput queen's name at the beginning of the film. But to see that, the protesters have to see the film.

Protests and legal issues

The portrayal of ethnic Rajput people in the movie was criticised by members of the Rajput community as misleading, politically motivated historical revisionism that minimised Rajput history. The community's protests against the film in some states led to the film being banned in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Uttarakhand. However, the producer went to the Supreme Court to challenge it. Later, the Supreme Court of India lifted the ban on screening the film in Uttar Pradesh and some towns of Uttarakhand and Haryana. The court scrapped the Uttar Pradesh government ban as well as similar orders by authorities in Dehradun, Uttarakhand and Ambala, Sonepat and Rewari, Haryana.

Other versions

Owing to the film’s success, the film was dubbed and released into Telugu and Tamil languages under the same title.

Reception

Critical reception

As of June 2020, the film holds a 75% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 16 reviews with an average rating of 6.83/10. The film received a critics' rating of 69 on Metacritic based on 4 reviews.

Anil Sinanan of The Times gave the film four out of five stars, stating, "Oscar-nominated Lagaan (2001) director Ashutosh Gowariker's sumptuous period epic has all the ingredients of a Cecil B. DeMille entertainer The film ends with a passionate plea for tolerance of all religions in India, a resonant message for modern India." Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN also gave the film four out of five stars, commenting: "I've never felt this way about any other film, but sitting there in my seat watching Jodhaa Akbar, I felt privileged as a moviegoer. Privileged that such a film had been made, and privileged that it had been made in our times so we can form our own opinions of the film rather than adopt the opinions of previous generations, which we invariably must when looking at older classics." Tajpal Rathore of the BBC gave the film four out of five stars, noting that, "although the 16th-century love story upon which it's based might be long forgotten, this endearing treatment sears into the memory through sheer size and scale alone Don't let the running time put you off watching this unashamedly epic tale." Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India gave the film three stars, stating that, "Jodhaa Akbar works only because its heart is in the right place. The film talks about a love that transcends all barriers – gender, religion, culture – and dreams of an India where secularism and tolerance are the twin towers that should never ever crumble. And Akbar and Jodhaa are the alluring exponents of this dream." Kazmi also suggests that "if you are willing to shed off all the trappings of history, only then will Jodhaa Akbar work for you." While suggesting that the film is "too long" and that it is "not a history lesson," Rachel Saltz of The New York Times also notes, "in choosing to tell the tale of this emperor and a Muslim-Hindu love story, Mr. Gowariker makes a clear point. As Akbar says, 'Respect for each other's religion will enrich Hindustan.'"

The Tamil dubbed version also received mixed reviews. Reviewing the Tamil version, Behindwoods gave 4 out of 5 stars stating that "A visual feast and an intoxicating love story."

Box office

Jodhaa Akbar collected a gross revenue of ₹77.85 crore (US$20.82 million) in India. Box Office India declared it a hit at the domestic box office. Its domestic net income was ₹ 56.04 crore, equivalent to ₹86.28 crore (US$10 million) adjusted for inflation.

Overseas, it grossed US$7.56 million (₹ 49.92 crore), and was declared a blockbuster at the overseas box office. Its overseas gross included US$2.1 million in the United Kingdom, US$3.45 million in North America, US$450,000 in Australia, and US$1.1 million in the Arab States of the Persian Gulf region.

The film ended its box office run with a worldwide lifetime gross of ₹112 crore (equivalent to ₹312 crore or US$37 million in 2023), equivalent to US$28.37 million at the time.

Accolades

See also

• Jodha Akbar (TV series)

Notes

1. Haidar Ali had acted with Gowariker in Saeed Akhtar Mirza's 1989 drama film, Salim Langde Pe Mat Ro.
2. In a rather contrariwise interview with Sudipta Datta of The Financial Express, Gowariker says that it took him "two and a half years to script". This was because he changed it continuously so as to accommodate production demands and constraints.

References

1. "Bollywood goes minimalist with Jodhaa Akbar promotion". The Financial Express. 12 February 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
2. "Despite early lull, Bollywood ends 2008 on a high note". The Financial Express. 4 January 2009. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
3. ^ "Who was the real Akbar? The one played by Hrithik Roshan or that described by Abu'l Fazl". Quartz. 21 October 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2024.
4. "Jodhaa Akbar Synopsis". apunkachoice.com. Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
5. "25 January 2008". IndiaFM. 12 September 2007. Retrieved 9 January 2008.
6. "Aishwarya gets summons by Customs Department". IndiaFM. 15 November 2006. Retrieved 3 October 2007.
7. "Jodhaa Akbar wins 'Audience Award' at Sao Paulo International Film Festival". Bollywood Hungama. 3 November 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
8. "Jodhaa Akbar, Hrithik win awards at Golden Minbar Film Festival in Russia". Bollywood Hungama. 23 October 2008. Archived from the original on 8 July 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
9. "Awards for Jodhaa Akbar (2008)". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 31 January 2009.
10. "A Hindutva informatics governs Jodhaa Akbar’ s utopic nostalgia for interreligious love One of the conditions of marriage that the Hindu princess lays before the emperor is her refusal to convert to Islam. While this may be considered laudable feminist politics this move (re)produces normative assumptions about Hindu indigeneity". Goldie Osuri, Religious Freedom in India: Sovereignty and (Anti) Conversion (London: Routledge, 2012), 113-14.
11. Firdaus Ashraf, Syed (22 January 2008). "The inspiration behind Jodhaa Akbar — Slide 2a". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 8 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
12. ^ Firdaus Ashraf, Syed (22 January 2008). "The inspiration behind Jodhaa Akbar — Slide 1". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 8 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
13. "I am showing Akbar's formative years: Gowariker". Sify. Indo-Asian News Service. 27 January 2008. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
14. ^ Firdaus Ashraf, Syed (22 January 2008). "The inspiration behind Jodhaa Akbar — Slide 2". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 8 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
15. K. Jha, Subhash (12 February 2005). "Ashutosh Gowariker to make a historical". Sify. Archived from the original on 8 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
16. Adarsh, Taran (29 March 2005). "'Akbar-Jodha': Ashu reveals plans". Sify. Archived from the original on 8 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
17. Adarsh, Taran (14 June 2005). "Ashu — Ghai join hands?". Sify. Archived from the original on 8 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
18. "UTV to co-produce Akbar-Jodha with Ashutosh Gowariker". Bollywood Hungama. 10 August 2006. Archived from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
19. M. Shah, Kunal (22 January 2008). "Beauty, Queen". Mumbai Mirror. Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
20. Datta, Sudipta (3 February 2008). "If the story is engaging, it can appeal to people across time zones". The Financial Express. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
21. "And now its Hrithik's turn!". Bollywood Hungama. 16 July 2005. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
22. J. Pais, Arthur (29 January 2008). "'Hrithik and Aishwarya are the reincarnation of Akbar and Jodhaa' — Slide 1". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
23. Deshmukh, Ashwini (9 August 2007). "Mashallah: Hrithik learns Urdu". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
24. "Will U B My Jodha?". Sify. 14 July 2005. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
25. N, Patcy; Firdaus Ashraf, Syed (13 February 2008). "Who's who in Jodhaa Akbar — Slide 2". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
26. Kotwani, Hiren (3 September 2007). "Sonu Sood's happy to work with Hrithik, Ash in Jodhaa Akbar". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
27. Venkatesh, Jyothi (12 April 2007). "I do not want to seek glory, says Saira Banu". Daily News and Analysis. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
28. N, Patcy; Firdaus Ashraf, Syed (13 February 2008). "Who's who in Jodhaa Akbar — Slide 3". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
29. Jha, Giridhar (26 April 2009). "Bahu's charm vs Patna boy". India Today. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
30. N, Patcy; Firdaus Ashraf, Syed (13 February 2008). "Who's who in Jodhaa Akbar — Slide 4". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
31. N, Patcy; Firdaus Ashraf, Syed (13 February 2008). "Who's who in Jodhaa Akbar — Slide 1". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
32. "Jodhaa Akbar — Cast". Movies & TV Dept. The New York Times. 2008. Archived from the original on 13 March 2008. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
33. "'I'm not worried about getting stereotyped'". The Times of India. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
34. "Gowariker Edited Birbal From 'Jodhaa Akbar'". Daily News and Analysis. Press Trust of India. 3 June 2008. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
35. Devi Dundoo, Sangeetha (24 January 2009). "Game, set, movie". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
36. Verma, Sukanya (22 January 2008). "Jodhaa Akbar's music: A musical conquest". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
37. "Tata Elxsi's Visual Computing Labs renders astounding visual effects for the epical romance Jodhaa Akbar". Tata Group. 28 February 2008. Archived from the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
38. N, Patcy (11 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa Akbar visually stunning — Slide 1". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 10 July 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
39. ^ N, Patcy (31 January 2008). "Teaching Hrithik & Ash how to fight — Slide 1". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
40. N, Patcy (4 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa-Akbar dance — Slide 4". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 18 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
41. ^ N, Patcy (12 February 2008). "Dressing up Jodha and Akbar — Slide 1". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
42. Jhala, Angma Dey (6 October 2015). Royal Patronage, Power and Aesthetics in Princely India. Routledge. p. 168. ISBN 978-1-317-31656-5.
43. N, Patcy (12 February 2008). "Dressing up Jodha and Akbar — Slide 4". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
44. N, Patcy (12 February 2008). "Dressing up Jodha and Akbar — Slide 2". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
45. ^ "Ash, Hrithik wore 300 kg of gold in Jodhaa-Akbar". Sify. Indo-Asian News Service. 23 January 2008. Archived from the original on 28 November 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
46. "Now, Jodhaa Akbar jewellery". The Hindu. 9 March 2008. Archived from the original on 14 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
47. Bhat, Divya (20 June 2008). "Now, Jodhaa Akbar jewellery". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 7 February 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
48. "Buzzzzz — Jodha Akbar fracas". The Telegraph. India. 12 November 2006. Archived from the original on 15 December 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
49. Ayaz, Shaikh (5 October 2006). "Ashutosh nabs the baddie". Daily News and Analysis. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
50. "I too want to know who sent the parcel to me: Ash". Sify. Press Trust of India. 21 November 2006. Archived from the original on 18 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
51. "Ashutosh: I didn't faint on the sets of Jodha Akbar". Sify. 1 December 2006. Archived from the original on 18 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
52. Ayaz, Shaikh (17 October 2006). "Hrithik takes up sword-fighting". Daily News and Analysis. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
53. ^ N, Patcy (31 January 2008). "Teaching Hrithik & Ash how to fight — Slide 3". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 17 December 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
54. Ashraf, Syed Firdaus (1 November 2006). "'When I get married, you'll know' – Slide 6". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
55. N, Patcy (31 January 2008). "Teaching Hrithik & Ash how to fight — Slide 5". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 17 December 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
56. N, Patcy (31 January 2008). "Teaching Hrithik & Ash how to fight — Slide 4". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 17 December 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
57. N, Patcy (11 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa Akbar visually stunning — Slide 3". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 18 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
58. N, Patcy (11 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa Akbar visually stunning — Slide 4". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 18 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
59. N, Patcy (11 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa Akbar visually stunning — Slide 5". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
60. "In the footsteps of the stars — Royal Rajasthan". Rediff.com. 26 March 2009. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2016.
61. "Weather the desert storm". The Telegraph. India. 9 January 2007. Archived from the original on 17 December 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
62. ^ Kumar, Anuj (8 February 2008). "Epic Scale". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
63. ^ Sinhal, Meenkashi (9 December 2007). "Grand sets add to movie grandeur". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 20 December 2016.
64. Jamkhandikar, Shilpa (16 January 2008). "An Earthquake Proof Set Worth Rs 12 Crore!". Daily News and Analysis. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
65. N, Patcy (4 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa-Akbar dance — Slide 4". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
66. N, Patcy (4 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa-Akbar dance — Slide 3". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
67. N, Patcy (4 February 2008). "Making Jodhaa-Akbar dance — Slide 6". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
68. ^ "Here Are The 12 Most Expensive Songs Ever Made in Bollywood". UC News. 19 May 2018. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
69. "Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)". World Bank. 2008. Retrieved 13 December 2018.
70. Chatterji, Shoma A. (3 February 2008). "Past forward". The Tribune. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
71. ""Jodha Akbar" nears completion". Mid-Day. 16 July 2007. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
72. "Aishwarya Rai celebrates 'special birthday' in Agra". Daily News and Analysis. Indo-Asian News Service. 1 November 2007. Archived from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
73. Gangal, Ashwini (23 December 2007). "Interview of Haider Ali: The master-mind behind Jodhaa Akbar". Mumbai Mirror. Archived from the original on 24 June 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
74. Lakshman, Nikhil (12 February 2008). "'Working with Hrithik and Aishwarya was terrific' — Slide 6". Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
75. "Music Hits 2000–2009 (Figures in Units)". Box Office India. Archived from the original on 24 June 2010.
76. ^ Bella Jaisinghani Jodhaa Akbar rocks music awards The Times of India, 29 March 2009
77. "Jodhaa Akbar:: Official Website". Jodhaaakbar.com. Archived from the original on 12 May 2009. Retrieved 27 October 2008.
78. "Jodhaa Akbar not being screened in Rajasthan". IndiaFM. 16 February 2008. Archived from the original on 2 March 2008. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
79. Jhala, Angma Dey (2011). Royal Patronage, Power and Aesthetics in Princely India. Pickering & Chatto Limited. p. 119.
80. ^ Ashley D'Mello (10 December 2005). "Fact, myth blend in re-look at Akbar-Jodha Bai". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2008.
81. Wheeler McIntosh Thackston, trans., The Jahangirnama: Memoirs of Jahangir, Emperor of India (Washington DC: Smithsonian, 1999), xiii. ISBN 0195127188
82. Lal, "Mughal Palace Women", in Servants of the Dynasty: Palace Women in World History, edited by Anne Walthall, University of California Press, 2008. 101. Her sources are S. A. I. Tirmizi, Edicts from the Mughal Harem (Delhi: Idarah-i Adabiyat, 1979), xvii-xxx; and the edict itself, printed in Tirmizi, plate facing p. 10.
83. Syed Firdaus Ashraf (5 February 2008). "Did Jodhabai really exist?". Rediff.com. Retrieved 15 February 2008.
84. Atul Sethi (24 June 2007). "Trade, not invasion brought Islam to India". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 February 2008.
85. "Rajputs' reasons behind preventing screening of Jodhaa Akbar in Rajasthan and elsewhere". Ibosnetwork.com. 11 February 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
86. "UP bans screening of Jodhaa Akbar". NDTV. 2 March 2008. Archived from the original on 8 March 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
87. "Court moved against banning the film". The Hindu. 2 March 2008. Archived from the original on 5 March 2008. Retrieved 2 March 2008.
88. "Supreme Court lifts ban on Jodhaa Akbar, for now". Reuters. 3 March 2008. Archived from the original on 5 March 2008. Retrieved 4 March 2008.
89. "Jodhaa Akbar Review".
90. "Jodhaa Akbar @ Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
91. "Jodhaa Akbar". Metacritic. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
92. Jodhaa Akbar Archived 17 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine
93. "Masand's Verdict: Jodhaa Akbar". Ibnlive.in.com. Archived from the original on 13 November 2008. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
94. Tajpal Rathore Updated 11 February 2008 (11 February 2008). "Jodhaa Akbar". BBC Jews. Retrieved 1 July 2011.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
95. Nikhat Kazmi (15 February 2008). "Jodhaa Akbar". The Times of India. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
96. Rachel Saltz (16 February 2008). "A Muslim and a Hindu. Let's Dance". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 October 2008.
97. "Jodha Akbar-Tamil Review".
98. ^ "Jodhaa Akbar". Box Office India. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
99. ^ Archived 20 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine
100. Archived 25 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine
101. Archived 6 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine

External links

• Official trailer – UTV Motion Pictures
• Jodhaa Akbar at IMDb
• Jodhaa Akbar at Box Office Mojo

• 2008 films
• 2008 biographical drama films
• 2008 romantic drama films
• 2000s war drama films
• Cultural depictions of Akbar
• Films about royalty
• Films directed by Ashutosh Gowariker
• Films scored by A. R. Rahman
• Films set in the Mughal Empire
• Films set in India
• Films shot in Rajasthan
• Hindu and Islamic interfaith dialogue
• 2000s Hindi-language films
• History of India on film
• Indian biographical drama films
• Indian epic films
• Indian historical romance films
• Indian romantic drama films
• Indian war drama films
• Indian interfaith romance films
• Love stories
• Urdu-language Indian films
• UTV Motion Pictures films
• Films that won the Best Costume Design National Film Award
• Films featuring a Best Choreography National Film Award–winning choreography
• Film censorship in India
• Censored films
• Art works that caused riots
• Films shot in Jaipur
• Films set in Jaipur
• Films shot in Maharashtra
• Works subject to a lawsuit
• Religious controversies in film
• Religious controversies in India
• 2008 controversies
• English-language biographical drama films
• Indian war romance films
• 2008 musical films