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Revision as of 15:18, 28 April 2020 editBeshogur (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users33,173 edits ←Created page with '{{short description|Turkic inscription}} '''Elegest inscription''' was an inscription erected by Yenisei Kyrgyz. It was found by Aspelin in 1888 on the left...'  Latest revision as of 12:29, 22 December 2024 edit undoBeshogur (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users33,173 edits Undid revision 1264441623 by 78.177.139.233 (talk) pseudoscientific but source is legitTag: Undo 
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{{short description|Turkic inscription}} {{short description|Turkic inscription}}
'''Elegest inscription''' was an inscription erected by ]. It was found by Aspelin in 1888 on the left bank of the river Elegest.<ref></ref> The '''Elegest inscription''' is a ] inscription. It was found by ] in 1888 on the left bank of the river Elegest, ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.runiform.lingfil.uu.se/Elegest_I#cite_note-1|title = Elegest I - A Database of Turkic Runiform Inscriptions}}</ref>


==Discovery and translation== ==Discovery and translation==
] ]

===Region=== ===Region===


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:uruŋu külig toq bögü tärkän a qaŋïm bäg ärdäm üčün :uruŋu külig toq bögü tärkän a qaŋïm bäg ärdäm üčün
:qara bodunïm qatïġlanïŋ el törösin ïdmaŋ ayït a äsiz älim qanïm :qara bodunïm qatïġlanïŋ el törösin ïdmaŋ ayït a äsiz älim qanïm
:elim uγrïnta sü bolïp <ref group=note>The runiform letters <rlrmdẅkmYwK> are interpreted by Sertkaya (1995: 739) as er ölürmedüküm yok '(düşman askeri) öldürdüm' and (2010: 211-212) är ölürmädükim 'er (savaşçı) öldürmediğim', whereas Kormušin (2008: 101) reads ärlärmädükim joq 'ja (lično) ne poražal voinov (vraga)'. Since neither is convincing, we leave this passage for the time being uninterpreted.</ref> yoq säkiz är :elim uγrïnta sü bolïp <ref group=note>The runiform letters <rlrmdẅkmYwK> are interpreted by Sertkaya (1995: 739) as er ölürmedüküm yok '(düşman askeri) öldürdüm' and (2010: 211-212) är ölürmädükim 'er (savaşçı) öldürmediğim', whereas Kormušin (2008: 101) reads ärlärmädükim joq 'ja (lično) ne poražal voinov (vraga)'.</ref> yoq säkiz är
:elim :elim
:buŋ baŋa bat ärmiš öldim ayït a äsizim a :buŋ baŋa bat ärmiš öldim ayït a äsizim a
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:My four legged livestock, my eight legged properties. I did not get grief. :My four legged livestock, my eight legged properties. I did not get grief.
:O my kinsmen, o my progeny! I departed. May thou say! O my common people! I departed. May thou say! :O my kinsmen, o my progeny! I departed. May thou say! O my common people! I departed. May thou say!
|}
{|
|-valign="bottom"
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;Translation by Turk Bitig<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bitig.kz/?lang=e&mod=1&tid=2&oid=10&m=1|title = Turk Bitig}}</ref>
'''Old Turkic original text:'''
:Quyïda : qunčuyïma : esizime : yïta : özde : oγulïm : adïrïldïm : yïta :
:jüz er : qadašïm : uyarun : üčün : jüz erin : elig üküzin tekdi :
:Kök Teŋiride : kün ay esiz ermiš : esizime : adïrïldïm :
:aqanïm elime : esizime : yïta : ... aqanïm elime : esizime : yïta : adïrïldïm :
:Kürtel qan al uruŋ altunluγ keš : eginin jütim belimde bandïm : toquz sekiz on yašïm :
:uruŋ Külüg Toq : Bögü Terikine : аqanïm bek erdemi üčün : birle bardï
:qara : budunum : qatïγlanïŋ : el törüsü : ïdman : : yïta : esiz elim : qanïm
:Elim : uγurïnda : sü bolčï : erlerim edükim yoq : ič biligde : bertegmede sekiz : er : sürdim :
:Elim : otšïŋa bir qïlnu ...
:Buŋ : baŋa : büŋ at ermiš : öldim : yïta : esizime yïlqïn yana :
:Tört kü yïlqïm : sekiz adaqlïγ : barïmïm : buŋïm : yoq ertim :
:qadašïma : ekenime : adïrïldïm : yïta : qara : budunuma adïrïldïm : yïta : men
|
'''English translation:'''
:I left ownerless my wife at hearth, my children orphans in steppe. I lost you, my orphans.
:Under the decision of hundred my relatives, a hundred men have filled fifty bulls.
:The sun and the moon ownerless in blue Tengri . I left (my people).
:To my father, to people, my ownerless orphans... I parted from my father, people, my ownerless orphans.
:I tied a belt bow in gold quiver from Kürtel-khan Al Urung at the age of seventy nine.
:My father Urung Külüg Toq Bögü Terikin, in the name of valor lords, came together.
:My people, be firm. The governor of people has left. Deserted people, ownerless relatives.
:I had not allowed soldiers to fall for my people fortune. I had captivated eight soldiers being in board.
:For sake of victories of my people, making...
:The grief for me was on hundred horses. I have died. My ownerless orphan horses.
:My four best horses, my eight-legged house, I had no grief (before).
:I parted from relatives, my ownerless common people, the orphans.
|} |}
</div> </div>

== Subjects of the text ==

=== Possible Kurdish reference ===
The phrase "𐰚𐰇𐰼𐱅 𐰠𐰴𐰣" in the first sentence of the fifth line could be either read as "Kört äl kan" "Kürt el kan", literally meaning "the inn of the Kurdish province". This caused some researchers to believe in ]. Later, some local and foreign researchers working on Turkic history accepted this reading and interpretation, and came to the possibility that the Kurds once had a relation with Turkic tribes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tekin |first=Talat |title=Elegest (Körtle Han) Yazıtı |url=https://turkoloji.cu.edu.tr/ESKI%20TURK%20DILI/talat_tekin_elegest_yaziti.pdf}}</ref>


== Notes == == Notes ==
Line 47: Line 85:
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}


== Further reading == == Further reading ==
* Talat Tekin, 1964: "On a Misinterpreted Word in the Old Turkic Inscriptions." * Talat Tekin, 1964: "On a Misinterpreted Word in the Old Turkic Inscriptions."

{{Turkic inscriptions}} {{Turkic inscriptions}}


] ]
]
] ]

Latest revision as of 12:29, 22 December 2024

Turkic inscription

The Elegest inscription is a Yenisei Kyrgyz inscription. It was found by J. R. Aspelin in 1888 on the left bank of the river Elegest, Tuva.

Discovery and translation

Elegest inscription

Region

Complete text

Old Turkic original text:

quyda qunǰuyïm a äsizim a ayït a özdä oγlïm äsizim a adrïltïm a ayït a
yüz är qadašïm uyurïn üčün yüz ärin älig öküzin
kök täŋridä kün ay äsiz ärmiš ayït a äsizim a adrïltïm a
qanïm elim a äsizim a ayït a bökmädim qanïm elim a ayït a adrïltïm
körtlä qan al uruŋu altunlïγ käšig bäldä toquz säkiz on yašda
uruŋu külig toq bögü tärkän a qaŋïm bäg ärdäm üčün
qara bodunïm qatïġlanïŋ el törösin ïdmaŋ ayït a äsiz älim qanïm
elim uγrïnta sü bolïp yoq säkiz är
elim
buŋ baŋa bat ärmiš öldim ayït a äsizim a
tört adaq yïlqïm säkiz adaqlïγ barïmïm buŋïm yoq ärdim
qadašïm a äkenim a adrïltïm a ayïta qara bodunïm a adrïltïm ayït a män

English translation:

O my consort in the secluded place! O my sorrow! May thou say! O my son in the valley! O my sorrow! O, I departed. May thou say!
Because of the capability of my hundred kinsmen with hundred kinsmen and fifty oxen.
Both the Sun and the Moon in the blue sky were weighed down in sorrow. May thou say! O my sorrow! O, I departed.
O my khan, o my realm! O my sorrow! May thou say! I did not get fully satiated. My khan, my realm! May thou say sorrow! I departed.
Körtlä khan, the Al Uruŋu. a golden quiver round my waist. I was seventy nine.
O Uruŋu Külig Tok Bögü Tärkän! Because of the merit of my father, the beg
Exert yourself my common people! Do not repudiate the unwritten law of the realm! May thou say, my sorrowful people and khan!
My realm set up an army in the right time eight men
My realm
The grief was to me. I died. May thou say, o my sorrow!
My four legged livestock, my eight legged properties. I did not get grief.
O my kinsmen, o my progeny! I departed. May thou say! O my common people! I departed. May thou say!
Translation by Turk Bitig

Old Turkic original text:

Quyïda : qunčuyïma : esizime : yïta : özde : oγulïm : adïrïldïm : yïta :
jüz er : qadašïm : uyarun : üčün : jüz erin : elig üküzin tekdi :
Kök Teŋiride : kün ay esiz ermiš : esizime : adïrïldïm :
aqanïm elime : esizime : yïta : ... aqanïm elime : esizime : yïta : adïrïldïm :
Kürtel qan al uruŋ altunluγ keš : eginin jütim belimde bandïm : toquz sekiz on yašïm :
uruŋ Külüg Toq : Bögü Terikine : аqanïm bek erdemi üčün : birle bardï
qara : budunum : qatïγlanïŋ : el törüsü : ïdman : : yïta : esiz elim : qanïm
Elim : uγurïnda : sü bolčï : erlerim edükim yoq : ič biligde : bertegmede sekiz : er : sürdim :
Elim : otšïŋa bir qïlnu ...
Buŋ : baŋa : büŋ at ermiš : öldim : yïta : esizime yïlqïn yana :
Tört kü yïlqïm : sekiz adaqlïγ : barïmïm : buŋïm : yoq ertim :
qadašïma : ekenime : adïrïldïm : yïta : qara : budunuma adïrïldïm : yïta : men

English translation:

I left ownerless my wife at hearth, my children orphans in steppe. I lost you, my orphans.
Under the decision of hundred my relatives, a hundred men have filled fifty bulls.
The sun and the moon ownerless in blue Tengri . I left (my people).
To my father, to people, my ownerless orphans... I parted from my father, people, my ownerless orphans.
I tied a belt bow in gold quiver from Kürtel-khan Al Urung at the age of seventy nine.
My father Urung Külüg Toq Bögü Terikin, in the name of valor lords, came together.
My people, be firm. The governor of people has left. Deserted people, ownerless relatives.
I had not allowed soldiers to fall for my people fortune. I had captivated eight soldiers being in board.
For sake of victories of my people, making...
The grief for me was on hundred horses. I have died. My ownerless orphan horses.
My four best horses, my eight-legged house, I had no grief (before).
I parted from relatives, my ownerless common people, the orphans.

Subjects of the text

Possible Kurdish reference

The phrase "𐰚𐰇𐰼𐱅 𐰠𐰴𐰣" in the first sentence of the fifth line could be either read as "Kört äl kan" "Kürt el kan", literally meaning "the inn of the Kurdish province". This caused some researchers to believe in theories speculating the Turkic origin of Kurds. Later, some local and foreign researchers working on Turkic history accepted this reading and interpretation, and came to the possibility that the Kurds once had a relation with Turkic tribes.

Notes

  1. The letters <kẄrtlKN> are interpreted by Tekin (1995: 20), Kormušin (1997: 236-237, 2008: 101) and Sertkaya (2017) as körtlä qan. Since the final vowel of körtlä is not written, it is either a mistake in the inscription or the two words were handled by the author as one unit, i.e. a compound. See the inscription Elegest II with plene writing of the vowel in <kẄrtlA> körtlä. Cf. the word körtlä 'beautiful' appearing in other Old Turkic sources. The interpretations kürt el kan by Orkun (1940: 180) and kört äl kan by Malov (1952: 26) are unlikely.
  2. The runiform letters <rlrmdẅkmYwK> are interpreted by Sertkaya (1995: 739) as er ölürmedüküm yok '(düşman askeri) öldürdüm' and (2010: 211-212) är ölürmädükim 'er (savaşçı) öldürmediğim', whereas Kormušin (2008: 101) reads ärlärmädükim joq 'ja (lično) ne poražal voinov (vraga)'.
  3. The phrase säkiz adaqlïγ barïm most likely describes properties or belongings of the pastoral nomads pulled by four legged draught animals on four wheeled carts, hence the number eight.

References

  1. "Elegest I - A Database of Turkic Runiform Inscriptions".
  2. "Turk Bitig".
  3. Tekin, Talat. "Elegest (Körtle Han) Yazıtı" (PDF).

Further reading

  • Talat Tekin, 1964: "On a Misinterpreted Word in the Old Turkic Inscriptions."
Turkic inscriptions
Oghur Turkic
Late Avar period
Bulgars
Siberian Turkic
Second Turkic Khaganate
Uyghur Khaganate
Xueyantuo
Yenisei Kyrgyz
Karluk Turkic
Timurids
Karluks
Non-Turkic
First Turkic Khaganate
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