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{{Short description|Scottish dog breed}} {{Short description|Scottish dog breed}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2020}} {{more citations needed|date=November 2020}}
⚫ {{Infobox dog breed
<!-- Put article text AFTER this infobox markup. See: -->
⚫ | name = Cairn Terrier
<!-- Misplaced Pages:WikiProject Dog breeds/Templates for more info.-->
⚫ | image = Cairn-Terrier-Garten1.jpg

| image_alt =
⚫ {{Infobox Dogbreed
| image_caption =
⚫ | image = Cairn-Terrier-Garten1.jpg
| image2 =
| image_caption = Two Cairn Terriers showing variations in coat colour
| image_alt2 =
⚫ | name = Cairn Terrier
| image_caption2 =
⚫ | country = ]
| altname =
⚫ | weight = {{convert|10|-|16|lb|kg|abbr=on}}
| stock =
⚫ | height = {{convert|9|-|13|in|cm|abbr=on}}
⚫ | country = Scotland
⚫ | coat = Abundant shaggy outer coat, soft downy undercoat. Can be cream, deep red, brindle, light gray, apricot or black.
|litter_size = 2-10 | distribution =
⚫ | height = {{right|{{convert|28|-|31|cm|0|abbr=on}}{{r|fci2|kc}}}}
|life_span = 13.4-14 years
| maleheight =
<!-----Kennel club standards----->
| femaleheight =
⚫ | weight = {{right|{{convert|6|-|7.5|kg|0|abbr=on}}{{r|fci2|kc}}}}
| maleweight =
| femaleweight =
| coat = abundant shaggy outer coat, soft downy undercoat
⚫ | colour = cream, deep red, brindle, light grey, apricot or black
| litter_size =
| kc_name = ] | kc_name = ]
| kc_std = https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/breed-standards/terrier/cairn-terrier/ | kc_std = https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/breed-standards/terrier/cairn-terrier/
| fcistd = http://www.fci.be/Nomenclature/Standards/004g03-en.pdf | fcistd = http://www.fci.be/Nomenclature/Standards/004g03-en.pdf
| notrecognised =
}}<!-- End Infobox Dogbreed info. Article Begins Here. Please use British English in this article. -->
| extinct =
| note =
}}


The '''Cairn Terrier''' is a ] breed originating in the ] and recognised as one of Scotland's earliest ]s. The '''Cairn Terrier''' is a ] breed originating in the ] and recognised as one of Scotland's earliest ]s.


The name “Cairn Terrier” was a compromise suggestion when the breed was brought to official shows in the United Kingdom in 1909, initially under the name “Short-haired Skye terrier”. This name was not accepted by The Kennel Club when faced with opposition from breeders of the ]. The alternative name Cairn Terrier was adopted. The name "Cairn Terrier" was a compromise suggestion when the breed was brought to official shows in the United Kingdom in 1909, initially under the name "Short-haired Skye terrier". This name was not accepted by the Kennel Club when faced with opposition from breeders of the ]. The alternative name Cairn Terrier was adopted.


==History== == History ==
Cairn terriers originated in the Scottish Highlands and the ],<ref>{{cite web|title=Cairn Terrier History|url=https://www.akc.org/breeds/cairn_terrier/history.cfm|publisher=American Kennel Club|access-date = 26 October 2014 }}</ref> initially grouped in the "Skye Terrier" class alongside the Scottish and ]s. From the early 1900s, the three were bred separately. Cairn terriers originated in the Scottish Highlands and the ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Cairn Terrier History|url=https://www.akc.org/breeds/cairn_terrier/history.cfm|publisher=American Kennel Club|access-date = 26 October 2014 }}</ref> Prior to 1873, terriers in Scotland were collectively referred to as 'Scottish Terriers'.<ref name="History of the Cairn Terrier">{{cite web|title=History of the Cairn Terrier|url=https://www.cairnterrierclub.ca/cairn-terriers/cairn-terrier-history/|publisher=Kennel Club of Canada|access-date = 30 August 2024 }}</ref> In the early days of the breed's establishment, the name 'short haired Skye Terrier' was used.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cairn Terrier| url=https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/search/breeds-a-to-z/breeds/terrier/cairn-terrier/|publisher=The Kennel Club|access-date = 30 August 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=About the Cairn Terrier|url=https://www.cairnterrier.org/about-the-cairn-terrier/cairn-history|publisher=Cairn Terrier Club of America|access-date = 30 August 2024 }}</ref> After concerns raised by the Skye Terrier Club, the name 'Cairn Terrier' was given to the breed instead.<ref name="History of the Cairn Terrier"/> The name 'Cairn Terrier' comes from ], where the terriers often flushed out vermin.<ref>{{cite web|title=7 Facts about the Cairn Terrier|url=https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/lifestyle/7-facts-cairn-terrier/|publisher=7 Facts about the Cairn Terrier|access-date = 30 August 2024 }}</ref>


The Kennel Club of the United Kingdom gave the Cairn Terrier a separate register in 1912; the first year of recognition, 134 were registered, and the breed was given Championship status.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.swwectc.freeuk.com/cairnhis.html|title=swwectc- cairn history|website=www.swwectc.freeuk.com|access-date=2016-11-26|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018051447/http://www.swwectc.freeuk.com/cairnhis.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Kennel Club of the United Kingdom gave the Cairn Terrier a separate register in 1912; the first year of recognition, 134 were registered, and the breed was given Championship status.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.swwectc.freeuk.com/cairnhis.html|title=swwectc- cairn history|website=www.swwectc.freeuk.com|access-date=2016-11-26|archive-date=2018-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018051447/http://www.swwectc.freeuk.com/cairnhis.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was definitively accepted by the ]in 1963.{{r|fci}}


⚫ == Description ==
] was a Cairn Terrier actor who played Toto in the Wizard of Oz.


⚫ ==Description==
⚫ ]
⚫ ]
⚫ ]
The Cairn Terrier has a harsh, weather-resistant outer coat that can be black, cream, wheaten, red, sandy, gray, or ]d. Pure black, black and tan, and white are not permitted by many ]s. While registration of white Cairns was once permitted, after 1917, the ] required them to be registered as ]s. A notable characteristic of Cairns is that brindled Cairns frequently change colour throughout their lifetimes. It is not uncommon for a brindled Cairn to become progressively more black or silver as it ages. The Cairn is ], with a soft, dense ] and a harsh ]. A well-groomed Cairn has a rough-and-ready appearance, free of artifice. The Cairn Terrier was registered into the American Kennel Club in 1903. The Cairn Terrier has a harsh, weather-resistant outer coat that can be black, cream, wheaten, red, sandy, gray, or ]d. Pure black, black and tan, and white are not permitted by many ]s. While registration of white Cairns was once permitted, after 1917, the ] required them to be registered as ]s. A notable characteristic of Cairns is that brindled Cairns frequently change colour throughout their lifetimes. It is not uncommon for a brindled Cairn to become progressively more black or silver as it ages. The Cairn is ], with a soft, dense ] and a harsh ]. A well-groomed Cairn has a rough-and-ready appearance, free of artifice. The Cairn Terrier was registered into the American Kennel Club in 1903.


⚫ Cairn Terriers tend to look similar to ]s, but with some differences (for example the shaggy fur). The outer layer of fur is shaggy, but they have a soft, downy undercoat. The ideal height is roughly {{val|28|–|31|u=cm}}, with weight in proportion, usually some {{val|6|–|7.5|u=kg}}.{{r|fci2|kc}}
⚫ ]
<gallery mode=packed heights=160px style="text-align:left; font-size: 93%">
⚫ Cairn Terriers tend to look similar to ]s, but with some differences (for example the shaggy fur). The outer layer of fur is shaggy, but they have a soft, downy undercoat. The ideal weight is 4.5-7.3&nbsp;kg (10-16&nbsp;lb), and the height 9–13 in (23–33&nbsp;cm).
⚫ File:Cairn Terrier - 002.jpg|Brindle
⚫ File:Керн терьер (cairn terrier).jpg|Red/wheaten
⚫ File:Cairn Terrier - 001.jpg|
⚫ File:9 week old cairn puppy.jpg|A nine-week-old puppy
</gallery>


==Health== == Health ==
A 2015 French study found a life expectancy of 13.42 years.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.11.008| title = Inbreeding impact on litter size and survival in selected canine breeds| journal = The Veterinary Journal| volume = 203| issue = 1| pages = 74–8| year = 2015| last1 = Leroy | first1 = G. G. | last2 = Phocas | first2 = F. | last3 = Hedan | first3 = B. | last4 = Verrier | first4 = E. | last5 = Rognon | first5 = X. | pmid=25475165| s2cid = 27631883| url = https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01122782/file/Inbreeding%20impact%20on%20litter%20size_accepted.pdf }} mean=12.23 ± 4.18 median=13.42</ref> A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 14 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for ].<ref>{{cite journal | last=McMillan | first=Kirsten M. | last2=Bielby | first2=Jon | last3=Williams | first3=Carys L. | last4=Upjohn | first4=Melissa M. | last5=Casey | first5=Rachel A. | last6=Christley | first6=Robert M. | title=Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death | journal=Scientific Reports | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=14 | issue=1 | date=2024-02-01 | issn=2045-2322 | doi=10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w | page=| pmc=10834484 }}</ref> A 2015 French study found a life expectancy of 13.42 years.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.11.008| title = Inbreeding impact on litter size and survival in selected canine breeds| journal = The Veterinary Journal| volume = 203| issue = 1| pages = 74–8| year = 2015| last1 = Leroy | first1 = G. G. | last2 = Phocas | first2 = F. | last3 = Hedan | first3 = B. | last4 = Verrier | first4 = E. | last5 = Rognon | first5 = X. | pmid=25475165| s2cid = 27631883| url = https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01122782/file/Inbreeding%20impact%20on%20litter%20size_accepted.pdf }} mean=12.23 ± 4.18 median=13.42</ref> A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 14 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for ].<ref>{{cite journal | last=McMillan | first=Kirsten M. | last2=Bielby | first2=Jon | last3=Williams | first3=Carys L. | last4=Upjohn | first4=Melissa M. | last5=Casey | first5=Rachel A. | last6=Christley | first6=Robert M. | title=Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death | journal=Scientific Reports | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=14 | issue=1 | date=2024-02-01 | issn=2045-2322 | doi=10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w | page=| pmc=10834484 }}</ref>


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* ] * ]
* ] * ]



The breed is predisposed to atopic dermatitis.<ref>{{cite book | last=Rhodes | first=Karen Helton | last2=Werner | first2=Alexander H. | title=Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion | publisher=Wiley-Blackwell | publication-place=Ames, Iowa | date=2011-01-25 | isbn=978-0-8138-1596-1 | page=94}}</ref> The breed is predisposed to atopic dermatitis.<ref>{{cite book | last=Rhodes | first=Karen Helton | last2=Werner | first2=Alexander H. | title=Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion | publisher=Wiley-Blackwell | publication-place=Ames, Iowa | date=2011-01-25 | isbn=978-0-8138-1596-1 | page=94}}</ref>


==References== == References ==
{{commonscat}} {{commonscat}}
{{reflist}} {{reflist|45em|refs=

<ref name=fci>. Thuin, Belgium: Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Accessed December 2024.</ref>

<ref name=fci2>. Thuin, Belgium: Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Accessed December 2024.</ref>

<ref name=kc>. London: The Kennel Club Limited. Archived 18 May 2024.</ref>


}}


{{Terriers}} {{Terriers}}

Latest revision as of 18:01, 22 December 2024

Scottish dog breed
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Dog breed
Cairn Terrier
OriginScotland
Traits
Height 28–31 cm (11–12 in)
Weight 6–7.5 kg (13–17 lb)
Coat abundant shaggy outer coat, soft downy undercoat
Colour cream, deep red, brindle, light grey, apricot or black
Kennel club standards
The Kennel Club standard
Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard
Dog (domestic dog)

The Cairn Terrier is a terrier breed originating in the Scottish Highlands and recognised as one of Scotland's earliest working dogs.

The name "Cairn Terrier" was a compromise suggestion when the breed was brought to official shows in the United Kingdom in 1909, initially under the name "Short-haired Skye terrier". This name was not accepted by the Kennel Club when faced with opposition from breeders of the Skye Terrier. The alternative name Cairn Terrier was adopted.

History

Cairn terriers originated in the Scottish Highlands and the Isle of Skye. Prior to 1873, terriers in Scotland were collectively referred to as 'Scottish Terriers'. In the early days of the breed's establishment, the name 'short haired Skye Terrier' was used. After concerns raised by the Skye Terrier Club, the name 'Cairn Terrier' was given to the breed instead. The name 'Cairn Terrier' comes from Cairn, where the terriers often flushed out vermin.

The Kennel Club of the United Kingdom gave the Cairn Terrier a separate register in 1912; the first year of recognition, 134 were registered, and the breed was given Championship status. It was definitively accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationalein 1963.

Description

The Cairn Terrier has a harsh, weather-resistant outer coat that can be black, cream, wheaten, red, sandy, gray, or brindled. Pure black, black and tan, and white are not permitted by many kennel clubs. While registration of white Cairns was once permitted, after 1917, the American Kennel Club required them to be registered as West Highland White Terriers. A notable characteristic of Cairns is that brindled Cairns frequently change colour throughout their lifetimes. It is not uncommon for a brindled Cairn to become progressively more black or silver as it ages. The Cairn is double-coated, with a soft, dense undercoat and a harsh outer coat. A well-groomed Cairn has a rough-and-ready appearance, free of artifice. The Cairn Terrier was registered into the American Kennel Club in 1903.

Cairn Terriers tend to look similar to Norwich Terriers, but with some differences (for example the shaggy fur). The outer layer of fur is shaggy, but they have a soft, downy undercoat. The ideal height is roughly 28–31 cm, with weight in proportion, usually some 6–7.5 kg.

  • Brindle Brindle
  • Red/wheaten Red/wheaten
  • A nine-week-old puppy A nine-week-old puppy

Health

A 2015 French study found a life expectancy of 13.42 years. A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 14 years for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for crossbreeds.

Some of the more common hereditary health problems found in the Cairn are:

The breed is predisposed to atopic dermatitis.

References

  1. ^ FCI-Standard N° 4: Cairn Terrier. Thuin, Belgium: Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Accessed December 2024.
  2. ^ Breed standards: Cairn Terrier. London: The Kennel Club Limited. Archived 18 May 2024.
  3. "Cairn Terrier History". American Kennel Club. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
  4. ^ "History of the Cairn Terrier". Kennel Club of Canada. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  5. "Cairn Terrier". The Kennel Club. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  6. "About the Cairn Terrier". Cairn Terrier Club of America. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  7. "7 Facts about the Cairn Terrier". 7 Facts about the Cairn Terrier. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  8. "swwectc- cairn history". www.swwectc.freeuk.com. Archived from the original on 2018-10-18. Retrieved 2016-11-26.
  9. FCI breeds nomenclature: Cairn Terrier (4). Thuin, Belgium: Fédération Cynologique Internationale. Accessed December 2024.
  10. Leroy, G. G.; Phocas, F.; Hedan, B.; Verrier, E.; Rognon, X. (2015). "Inbreeding impact on litter size and survival in selected canine breeds" (PDF). The Veterinary Journal. 203 (1): 74–8. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.11.008. PMID 25475165. S2CID 27631883. mean=12.23 ± 4.18 median=13.42
  11. McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (2024-02-01). "Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death". Scientific Reports. 14 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 10834484.
  12. "Health Related Concerns". Cairn Terrier Club of America Inc. Archived from the original on 7 May 2010. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
  13. Alex., Gough (2004). Breed predispositions to disease in dogs and cats. Thomas, Alison, 1964–. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Pub. ISBN 978-1405107488. OCLC 53231203.
  14. Rhodes, Karen Helton; Werner, Alexander H. (2011-01-25). Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion. Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-8138-1596-1.
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