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{{More citations needed|date=January 2022}}
{{Expand Vietnamese|topic=gov|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox political party {{Infobox political party
| name = Vietnamese Fatherland Front | name = Vietnam Fatherland Front
| native_name = Mặt Trận Tổ Quốc Việt Nam | native_name = Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam
| native_name_lang = vi | native_name_lang = vi
| abbreviation = | abbreviation = VFF<br/>MTTQVN
| logo = Vietnamese Fatherland Front logo.svg | logo = Biểu_trưng_Mặt_trận_Tổ_quốc_Việt_Nam.svg
| logo_size = | logo_size =
| colorcode = {{Vietnamese Fatherland Front/meta/color}} | colorcode = {{party color|Vietnamese Fatherland Front}}
| chairman = {{ill|Đỗ Văn Chiến|vi}} | chairman = ]
| secretary_general = | secretary_general = Nguyễn Thị Thu Hà
| foundation = {{start date|df=y|1977|02}} | foundation = {{start date|df=y|1977|02}}
| dissolution = | dissolution =
| ideology = ]<br />]<br />]<br />] | ideology = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]
| merger = {{flagicon|North Vietnam}} (]) Vietnam Fatherland Front<br/>{{flagicon|Republic of South Vietnam}} ]<br/>{{flagicon image|ANDPFV flag.svg}} ]
| predecessor =
| predecessor = {{flagicon|North Vietnam|1945}} ]
| successor =
| headquarters = ], Vietnam | headquarters = ]
| position = | position =
| religion = | religion =
| international = | international =
| newspaper = | newspaper =
| colors = | colors =
| slogan = | slogan =
| seats1_title = ] | seats1_title = ]
| seats1 = {{Composition bar|496|496|{{Vietnamese Fatherland Front/meta/color}}}} | seats1 = {{Composition bar|479|500|{{party color|Vietnamese Fatherland Front}}}}
| flag = | flag =
| website = | website = http://mattran.org.vn/
| country = Vietnam | country = Vietnam
}} }}
{{Politics of Vietnam}} {{Politics of Vietnam}}
] ]
The '''Vietnamese Fatherland Front''' ({{lang-vi|Mặt Trận Tổ Quốc Việt Nam}}) is an umbrella group of mass movements in ] aligned with the ] forming part of the Vietnamese government. It was founded in February 1977 by the merger of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front of ] and two Viet Cong groups, the ] and the ]. It is an amalgamation of many smaller groups, including the Communist Party itself. Other groups that participated in the establishment of the Front were the ], the ] ({{a.k.a.}} the Ho Chi Minh Youth) and the ]. It also included the ] and ], until they disbanded in 1988.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Van|first1=Dang|title=The Rebirth of the Democratic Party of Vietnam and a basic principle of constitutionalism|url=http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Soc/soc.culture.vietnamese/2006-06/msg00398.html|website=newsgroups.derkeiler.com|publisher=derkeiler|access-date=4 March 2015}}</ref> It also incorporates some officially sanctioned religious groups. The '''Vietnam Fatherland Front''' ('''VFF''', alternatively '''Vietnamese Fatherland Front'''; {{langx|vi|Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam}}) is an umbrella group of mass movements and ] in ] aligned with the ] that dominates the ] forming the ] and all recognized national ] organizations. It was founded in February 1977 by the merger of the Vietnam Fatherland Front of ] and two Viet Cong formal groups, the ] and the ], and is considered as the modern incarnation of the ]. It is an amalgamation of many smaller groups, including the Communist Party itself. Other groups that participated in the establishment of the Front were the ], the ] ({{a.k.a.}} the Ho Chi Minh Youth) and the ]. It also included the ] and ], until they disbanded in 1988.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Van|first1=Dang|title=The Rebirth of the Democratic Party of Vietnam and a basic principle of constitutionalism|url=http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Soc/soc.culture.vietnamese/2006-06/msg00398.html|website=newsgroups.derkeiler.com|publisher=derkeiler|access-date=4 March 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110801/http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Soc/soc.culture.vietnamese/2006-06/msg00398.html|archive-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref> It also incorporates some officially sanctioned religious groups, such as the ] as well as other major organizations overseeing ], ], ], ], ] and their major branches such as ] and ] in the country.{{Cn|date=May 2022}}


The Front is described by the Vietnamese government as "the political base of people's power." It is intended to have a significant role in society, promoting "national solidarity" and "unity of mind in political and spiritual matters." In practice, the members of the Front, like their counterparts in other Communist states, are largely subservient to the Communist Party, and must accept the party's "]" as a condition of their existence. The Front is described by the Vietnamese government as "the political base of people's power." It is intended to have a significant role in society, promoting "national solidarity" and "unity of mind in political and spiritual matters." In practice, the members of the Front, like their ] in other Communist states, are largely subservient to the Communist Party, and must accept the party's "]" as a condition of their existence.{{Cn|date=May 2022}}


Many of the government's social programs are conducted through the Front. Recently, it has been given a role in programs to reduce ]. The Front is also responsible for much of the government's policy on ], and has the ability to determine which religious groups will receive official approval. Many of the government's social programs are conducted through the Front. Recently, it has been given a role in programs to reduce ]. The Front is also responsible for much of the government's policy on ]: "1. Everyone has freedom of beliefs and religions, he or she has the right to follow a religion or not to follow any religion. All religions are equal before the law. 2. The state respects and protects freedom of beliefs and religions. 3. No one should violate freedom of beliefs and religions or take advantage of beliefs and religions to infringe the law."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dr Le Ba Trinh |title=Vice President of Central Committee's Fatherland Front of Vietnam |url=https://classic.iclrs.org/content/events/123/3448.pdf |website=International Center for Law and Religion Studies |access-date=23 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Article 24. Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam 2013 |date=2014 |publisher=National Politics – Truth |location=Hanoi |pages=17–18}}</ref>


Perhaps more importantly, the Front is intended to supervise the activity of the government and of government organisations. Because the Front's power base is mass participation and popular mobilisation, it is seen as representative of the people, and both Vietnam's ] and laws give it a special role. The Front has a particularly significant role in ]. Specifically, endorsement by the Front is generally required (in practice, if not in theory) to be a candidate for election. Almost all candidates are nominated by (and members of) the Front, with only a few "self-nominated" candidates avoiding the Front's veto. The Front's role in electoral nominations is mandated by law. Perhaps more importantly, the Front is intended to supervise the activity of the government and of government organisations. Because the Front's power base is mass participation and popular mobilisation, it is seen as representative of the people, and both Vietnam's ] and laws give it a special role. The Front has a particularly significant role in ]. Specifically, endorsement by the Front is generally required (in practice, if not in theory{{Cn|date=May 2022}}) to be a candidate for election. Almost all candidates are nominated by (and members of) the Front, with only a few "self-nominated" candidates avoiding the Front's veto. The Front's role in electoral nominations is mandated by law.{{Cn|date=May 2022}}


== Leadership == == Leadership ==

Secretary General of the '''Vietnamese Fatherland Front''' since 1977:
=== Secretaries General ===
* ] (1977–1988) * ] (1977–1988)
* ] (1988–1994) * ] (1988–1994)
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* ] (from 2016) * ] (from 2016)


=== Chairmen ===
Chairman of the '''Vietnamese Fatherland Front''' since 1977:
* ] (1977–1983) * ] (1977–1983)
* ] (1983–1988) * ] (1983–1988)
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* ] (2008–2013) * ] (2008–2013)
* ] (2013–2017) * ] (2013–2017)
* ] (from 2017) * ] (2017–2021)
* ] (from 2021)


== Former Front organisations == == Former Front organisations ==
] giving the opening speech at the founding of the Vietnamese Fatherland Front in 1955.]] ] giving the opening speech at the founding of the Vietnam Fatherland Front in 1955.]]
* ] (Việt Minh) founded by ] on 19 May 1941. * ] (Việt Minh) founded by ] on 19 May 1941.
* ]. Founded 30 July 1944, dissolved 20 October 1988.
* ] (Hội Liên hiệp Quốc dân Việt Nam or Liên Việt), founded on 29 May 1946. Head of the League: ] (1946–1947), ] (1947–1951). * ] (Hội Liên hiệp Quốc dân Việt Nam or Liên Việt), founded on 29 May 1946. Head of the League: ] (1946–1947), ] (1947–1951).
* ]. Founded 22 July 1946, dissolved 22 July 1988.
* ] (Mặt trận Liên Việt), founded in 1951, merger of Viet Minh and Lien Viet. Chairman: ]. * ] (Mặt trận Liên Việt), founded in 1951, merger of Viet Minh and Lien Viet. Chairman: ].
* Vietnamese Fatherland Front (Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam), founded in 1955 and replaced the Vietnamese National Popular Front. Chairman: ]. * Vietnam Fatherland Front (Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam), founded in 1955 and replaced the Vietnamese National Popular Front. Chairman: ].
* ] (]), founded on 20 December 1960. Chairman: ]. * ] (]), founded on 20 December 1960. Chairman: ].
* ], founded on 20 April 1968. Chairman: ]. * ], founded on 20 April 1968. Chairman: ].
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|100% |100%
|{{Composition bar|450|450|hex=#DA251D}} |{{Composition bar|450|450|hex=#DA251D}}
|{{increase}} 1 |{{increase}} 55
|{{steady}} 1st |{{steady}} 1st
|{{yes2|Sole legal coalition |{{yes2|Sole legal coalition
Line 162: Line 168:
|100% |100%
|{{Composition bar|498|498|hex=#DA251D}} |{{Composition bar|498|498|hex=#DA251D}}
|{{increase}} 1 |{{increase}} 48
|{{steady}} 1st |{{steady}} 1st
|{{yes2|Sole legal coalition |{{yes2|Sole legal coalition
Line 180: Line 186:
|100% |100%
|{{Composition bar|500|500|hex=#DA251D}} |{{Composition bar|500|500|hex=#DA251D}}
|{{increase}} 1 |{{increase}} 7
|{{steady}} 1st |{{steady}} 1st
|{{yes2|Sole legal coalition |{{yes2|Sole legal coalition
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|{{Composition bar|494|494|hex=#DA251D}} |{{Composition bar|494|494|hex=#DA251D}}
|{{decrease}} 6 |{{decrease}} 6
|{{steady}} 1st
|{{yes2|Sole legal coalition
under the control of ]}}
|-
|]
|69,243,604
|100%
|{{Composition bar|499|499|hex=#DA251D}}
|{{increase}} 5
|{{steady}} 1st |{{steady}} 1st
|{{yes2|Sole legal coalition |{{yes2|Sole legal coalition
Line 201: Line 216:
*{{Official website|http://www.mattran.org.vn/}} (in Vietnamese) *{{Official website|http://www.mattran.org.vn/}} (in Vietnamese)
*'''', held in December 1971 *'''', held in December 1971

{{Vietnamese political parties}}{{Authority control}} {{Vietnamese political parties}}
{{Vietnam topics}}
{{French Colonial Architecture in Vietnam}}
{{Authority control}}
] ]
] ]

Latest revision as of 02:56, 23 December 2024

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‹ The template Infobox political party is being considered for merging. ›Political party in Vietnam
Vietnam Fatherland Front Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam
AbbreviationVFF
MTTQVN
ChairmanĐỗ Văn Chiến
Secretary-GeneralNguyễn Thị Thu Hà
FoundedFebruary 1977 (1977-02)
Merger ofNorth Vietnam (North) Vietnam Fatherland Front
Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
Alliance of National Democratic and Peaceful Forces of Vietnam
Preceded byNorth Vietnam League for Independence of Vietnam
HeadquartersHanoi
IdeologyCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Ho Chi Minh Thought
Vietnamese nationalism
National Assembly479 / 500
Website
http://mattran.org.vn/
Politics of Vietnam
Ideology
Constitution
Communist Party
Legislative
  • Provincial People's Councils
Presidency
Executive
Fatherland Front
Military
Foreign relations
See also

flag Vietnam portal

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The building of the Central Committee of Vietnam Fatherland Front on Tràng Thi Street in Hanoi.

The Vietnam Fatherland Front (VFF, alternatively Vietnamese Fatherland Front; Vietnamese: Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam) is an umbrella group of mass movements and political coalition in Vietnam aligned with the Communist Party of Vietnam that dominates the National Assembly of Vietnam forming the Vietnamese Government and all recognized national socio-political organizations. It was founded in February 1977 by the merger of the Vietnam Fatherland Front of North Vietnam and two Viet Cong formal groups, the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam and the Alliance of National, Democratic, and Peace Forces, and is considered as the modern incarnation of the League for the Independence of Vietnam (Viet Minh). It is an amalgamation of many smaller groups, including the Communist Party itself. Other groups that participated in the establishment of the Front were the Vietnam General Confederation of Labour, the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union (a.k.a. the Ho Chi Minh Youth) and the Ho Chi Minh Young Pioneer Organization. It also included the Democratic Party of Vietnam and Socialist Party of Vietnam, until they disbanded in 1988. It also incorporates some officially sanctioned religious groups, such as the Vietnam Buddhist Sangha as well as other major organizations overseeing Buddhism, Caodaism, Hòa Hảo, Islam, Christianity and their major branches such as Protestantism and SDA in the country.

The Front is described by the Vietnamese government as "the political base of people's power." It is intended to have a significant role in society, promoting "national solidarity" and "unity of mind in political and spiritual matters." In practice, the members of the Front, like their counterparts in other Communist states, are largely subservient to the Communist Party, and must accept the party's "leading role" as a condition of their existence.

Many of the government's social programs are conducted through the Front. Recently, it has been given a role in programs to reduce poverty. The Front is also responsible for much of the government's policy on religion: "1. Everyone has freedom of beliefs and religions, he or she has the right to follow a religion or not to follow any religion. All religions are equal before the law. 2. The state respects and protects freedom of beliefs and religions. 3. No one should violate freedom of beliefs and religions or take advantage of beliefs and religions to infringe the law."

Perhaps more importantly, the Front is intended to supervise the activity of the government and of government organisations. Because the Front's power base is mass participation and popular mobilisation, it is seen as representative of the people, and both Vietnam's constitution and laws give it a special role. The Front has a particularly significant role in elections. Specifically, endorsement by the Front is generally required (in practice, if not in theory) to be a candidate for election. Almost all candidates are nominated by (and members of) the Front, with only a few "self-nominated" candidates avoiding the Front's veto. The Front's role in electoral nominations is mandated by law.

Leadership

Secretaries General

Chairmen

Former Front organisations

Tôn Đức Thắng giving the opening speech at the founding of the Vietnam Fatherland Front in 1955.

Electoral history

National Assembly elections

Election Votes % Seats +/– Position Role in government
1960 421 / 421 Increase 421 Increase 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1964 8,580,002 100% 366 / 366 Decrease 55 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1971 420 / 420 Increase 54 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1975 10,561,314 100% 424 / 424 Increase 4 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1976 22,895,611 100% 492 / 492 Increase 68 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1981 100% 496 / 496 Increase 4 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1987 100% 496 / 496 Steady Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1992 37,195,592 100% 395 / 395 Decrease 101 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

1997 43,185,756 100% 450 / 450 Increase 55 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

2002 49,211,275 100% 498 / 498 Increase 48 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

2007 100% 493 / 493 Decrease 5 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

2011 61,965,651 100% 500 / 500 Increase 7 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

2016 67,049,091 100% 494 / 494 Decrease 6 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

2021 69,243,604 100% 499 / 499 Increase 5 Steady 1st Sole legal coalition

under the control of CPV

References

  1. Van, Dang. "The Rebirth of the Democratic Party of Vietnam and a basic principle of constitutionalism". newsgroups.derkeiler.com. derkeiler. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  2. Dr Le Ba Trinh. "Vice President of Central Committee's Fatherland Front of Vietnam" (PDF). International Center for Law and Religion Studies. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  3. Article 24. Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam 2013. Hanoi: National Politics – Truth. 2014. pp. 17–18.

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