| Revision as of 23:31, 6 June 2017 view source117.120.18.131 (talk)No edit summaryTags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit← Previous edit | Revision as of 14:14, 23 December 2024 view source Egghead06 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Rollbackers80,235 edits Undid revision 1264710197 by Sweetabena (talk) see below!Tag: UndoNext edit → | ||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| {{Short description|Association football club in England}} | |||
| {{good article}} | |||
| {{About|the men's football club|the women's team|West Ham United F.C. Women}} | |||
| {{pp|small=yes}} | |||
| {{Use British English|date=August 2011}} | {{Use British English|date=August 2011}} | ||
| {{Use dmy dates|date= |
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}} | ||
| {{Infobox football club | {{Infobox football club | ||
| |clubname = |
| clubname = West Ham United | ||
| | |
| image = West Ham United FC logo.svg | ||
| | image_size = 175px | |||
| |image = ] | |||
| |fullname = West Ham United Football Club | | fullname = West Ham United Football Club | ||
| |nickname = |
| nickname = The Irons <br /> | ||
| The Hammers | |||
| | short name = WHU | |||
| | short name = West Ham | |||
| |founded = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1895|6|29}}, as ]<br>{{Start date and age|1900|7|5|df=yes}}, as West Ham United | |||
| | founded = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1895|6|29}}, as ]<br />{{Start date and age|1900|7|5|df=yes}}, as West Ham United | |||
| |ground = ] | |||
| | ground = ] | |||
| |capacity = 9<ref>http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10216332/west-ham-increase-olympic-stadium-capacity-to-60000-after-supporter-demand</ref> | |||
| | capacity = 62,500<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/important-supporter-update-capacity-increase-west-stand-reconfiguration-202223-ticketing|title=Important supporter update – capacity increase, West Stand reconfiguration & 2022/23 ticketing | West Ham United F.C.|website=www.whufc.com}}</ref> | |||
| | owntitle = Owner(s) | |||
| | owntitle = Owner(s) | |||
| | owner = ] (51.1%) <br>] (35.1%)<br>Other Investors (13.8%)<ref>{{cite web|title=ownership West Ham United|url=http://www.whufc.com/Club/Corporate-Information/Ownership|website=whufc corporate information|accessdate=28 June 2015}}</ref> | |||
| | owner = ] (38.8%) <br />] (27%)<br />] (25.1%)<ref>{{cite web | title=Club Statement | website=West Ham United F.C. | url=https://www.whufc.com/news/club-statement | access-date=3 August 2023}}</ref> <br />] (8%)<br />Other investors (1.1%)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ownership|url=https://www.whufc.com/club/corporate-information/ownership |access-date=10 November 2021 |website=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | |||
| |manager = Big Sam | |||
| | chairman = ] and Vanessa Gold | |||
| |league = {{English football updater|WestHamU}} | |||
| | chrtitle = Co-chairmen | |||
| |season = {{English football updater|WestHamU2}} | |||
| | manager = ] | |||
| |position = {{English football updater|WestHamU3}} | |||
| | league = {{English football updater|WestHamU}} | |||
| |website = http://www.whufc.com/ | |||
| | season = {{English football updater|WestHamU2}} | |||
| | pattern_la1 = _westham1617h | |||
| | position = {{English football updater|WestHamU3}} | |||
| | pattern_b1 = _westham1617h | |||
| | current = 2024–25 West Ham United F.C. season | |||
| | pattern_ra1 = _westham1617h | |||
| | website = {{URL|https://www.whufc.com/|whufc.com}} | |||
| | pattern_sh1 = _westham1617h | |||
| | pattern_la1 = _westham2425h | |||
| | pattern_so1 = _westham1617h | |||
| | pattern_b1 = _westham2425h | |||
| | leftarm1=7acbe5 | |||
| | pattern_ra1 = _westham2425h | |||
| | body1=7f0000 | |||
| | pattern_sh1 = | |||
| | rightarm1=7acbe5 | |||
| | pattern_so1 = _westham2425hl | |||
| | shorts1=FFFFFF | |||
| | leftarm1 = B1D5EF | |||
| | socks1=7f0000 | |||
| | body1 = 7EBFFF | |||
| | pattern_la2= _westham1617a | |||
| | rightarm1 = B1D5EF | |||
| | pattern_b2= _westham1617a | |||
| | shorts1 = FFFFFF | |||
| | pattern_ra2= _westham1617a | |||
| | socks1 = FFFFFF | |||
| | pattern_sh2=_westham1617a | |||
| | pattern_la2 = _westham2425a | |||
| | pattern_so2= | |||
| | pattern_b2 = _westham2425a | |||
| | leftarm2=FFFFFF | |||
| | pattern_ra2 = _westham2425a | |||
| | body2=FFFFFF | |||
| | pattern_sh2 = _westham2425a | |||
| | rightarm2=FFFFFF | |||
| | pattern_so2 = _westham2425al | |||
| | shorts2=7acbe5 | |||
| | leftarm2 = | |||
| | socks2=FFFFFF | |||
| | |
| body2 = | ||
| | rightarm2 = | |||
| | pattern_b3= _westham1617t | |||
| | |
| shorts2 = | ||
| | socks2 = | |||
| | pattern_sh3= | |||
| | pattern_la3 = _westham2425t | |||
| | pattern_so3= | |||
| | pattern_b3 = _westham2425t | |||
| | leftarm3=050505 | |||
| | pattern_ra3 = _westham2425t | |||
| | body3=050505 | |||
| | pattern_sh3 = _westham2425t | |||
| | rightarm3=050505 | |||
| | pattern_so3 = _westham2425tl | |||
| | shorts3=050505 | |||
| | leftarm3 = | |||
| | socks3=050505 | |||
| | body3 = | |||
| | rightarm3 = | |||
| | shorts3 = | |||
| | socks3 = | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''West Ham United Football Club''' is a professional ] club based in ], ], England. |
'''West Ham United Football Club''' is a professional ] club based in ], ], England. The club competes in the ], the top tier of ]. The club plays at the ], having moved from their former home, the ], in 2016. | ||
| West Ham United was founded in 1895 as ] and reformed in 1900 as West Ham United. It moved to the Boleyn Ground, which remained its home ground for more than a century, in 1904. The team initially competed in the ] and ] before joining the ] in 1919. It was promoted to the top flight in 1923, when it was also losing finalist in the first ] held at ]. In 1940, the club won the inaugural ]. | |||
| West Ham |
West Ham United has won five major honours in its history. Domestically, it has been winner of the ] three times (1964, 1975 and 1980) and runner-up twice (1923 and 2006). In European competitions, the club has reached three major European finals winning the ] in ], finishing runner-up in the same competitions in ], and winning the second edition of the ] in ]. The club has also won one minor European trophy by winning the ] in 1999. West Ham United is one of eight clubs never to have fallen below the second tier of English football, spending 66 of 98 league seasons in the top flight, up to and including the ]. The club's highest league position to date came in ], when it achieved third place in the then ]. | ||
| Three West Ham players were members of the ] |
Three West Ham players were members of the ] finals-winning ] team: captain ] and goalscorers ] and ]. The club has a ] with ], and the fixture has gained notoriety for frequent incidents of ]. West Ham adopted their ] and ] colour scheme in the early 1900s, with the most common iteration of a claret shirt and sky blue sleeves first emerging in 1904.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham United - Historical Football Kits |url=http://historicalkits.co.uk/West_Ham_United/West_Ham_United.htm |access-date=11 July 2020 |publisher=Historicalkits}}</ref> | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| {{Main |
{{Main|History of West Ham United F.C.}} | ||
| ===Origins=== | ===Origins=== | ||
| {{main |
{{main|Thames Ironworks F.C.}} | ||
| ] in 1895]] | ] | ||
| The earliest generally accepted incarnation of West Ham United was founded in 1895 as |
The earliest generally accepted incarnation of West Ham United was founded in 1895 as ], the ] of the largest and last surviving shipbuilder on the Thames, ], by foreman and local league referee ] and owner ]<ref name="Spartacus1">{{Cite web |title=The History of West Ham United 1895–1896 |url=http://spartacus-educational.com/WHhistory1.htm |access-date=15 August 2009 |publisher=Spartacus Educational}}</ref> and was announced in the ''Thames Ironworks Gazette'' of June 1895. Thames Ironworks was based in ] in ] and ] on both banks of the ], where the ] meets the ]. Thames Ironworks built many ships and other structures, the most famous being {{HMS|Warrior|1860|6}}. The last ship built there was the ] {{HMS|Thunderer|1911|6}} in 1912 and the yard shut soon after. | ||
| The repair yard of the ] was a very near neighbour and their work team, initially known as the ], would informally merge with the Thames Ironworks own team. | |||
| The team played on a strictly amateur basis for 1895 at least, with a team featuring a number of works employees including Thomas Freeman (ships fireman), Walter Parks (clerk), Tom Mundy, Walter Tranter and James Lindsay (all boilermakers), William Chapman, George Sage, and William Chamberlain and apprentice riveter ].<ref name=Spartacus1/> | |||
| The team played on a strictly amateur basis for 1895 at least, with a team featuring a number of works employees. Thomas Freeman was a ships fireman and Walter Parks, a clerk. ], ] and ] were all boilermakers. Other employees included William Chapman, ] and Fred Chamberlain, as well as apprentice riveter ], who was to have a great influence on the club's future at a later date.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dale |first=Iain |title=West Ham: A Nostalgic Look at a Century of the Club |date=1 August 2011 |publisher=Haynes Publishing |isbn=978-0-857330-45-1 |page=10}}</ref> | |||
| {| style="float:left;" | {| style="float:left;" | ||
| Line 72: | Line 80: | ||
| | align = | | align = | ||
| | pattern_la = | | pattern_la = | ||
| | pattern_b = | | pattern_b = _collar_buttons_2 | ||
| | pattern_ra = | | pattern_ra = | ||
| | leftarm = 000066 | | leftarm = 000066 | ||
| Line 79: | Line 87: | ||
| | shorts = 000066 | | shorts = 000066 | ||
| | socks = 000066 | | socks = 000066 | ||
| | title = 1895–96: First kit<ref>{{ |
| title = 1895–96: First kit<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham United |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/West_Ham_United/West_Ham_United.htm |access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref> | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| | | | | ||
| |} | |} | ||
| Thames Ironworks won the ], contested by clubs in the ] locality, in 1895, then won the ] in 1897. They turned professional in 1898 upon entering the ] Second Division, and were promoted to the First Division at the first attempt.<ref name="Stats1">'{{Cite web |last=Richard Rundle |title=Source for Thames Ironworks statistics |url=https://www.fchd.info/THAMEIRO.HTM |access-date=15 August 2009 |publisher=Football Club History Database}}</ref> The following year they came second from bottom, but had established themselves as a fully-fledged competitive team. They comfortably fended off the challenge of local rivals ] in a relegation play-off, 5–1 in late April 1900 and retained their First Division status.<ref name="Stats1" /> | |||
| The team initially played in full dark blue kits, as inspired by Mr. Hills, who had been an Oxford University "] |
The team initially played in full dark blue kits, as inspired by Mr. Hills, who had been an Oxford University "]", but changed the following season by adopting the sky blue shirts and white shorts combination worn from 1897 to 1899. | ||
| Following growing disputes over the running and financing of the club, in June 1900 Thames Ironworks F.C. was disbanded, |
Following growing disputes over the running and financing of the club, in June 1900 Thames Ironworks F.C. was disbanded, then almost immediately relaunched as West Ham United F.C. — reflecting the ], London district where they played — on 5 July 1900 with ] as their manager and future manager ] as his assistant. Because of the original "works team" roots and links (still represented upon the club badge), they are still known as "the Irons" or "the Hammers" amongst fans and the media.<ref name="EastLon">{{Cite web |title=East London History regarding Thames Ironworks |url=http://www.eastlondonhistory.com/thames%20ironworks.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060213220605/http://www.eastlondonhistory.com/thames%20ironworks.htm |archive-date=13 February 2006 |publisher=EastLondonHistory.com }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pg24, citing study into West Hams community ties |url=http://www.lmu.ac.uk/ces/lss/lsa/All%20abstracts.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050117001255/http://www.lmu.ac.uk/ces/lss/lsa/All%20abstracts.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2005 |publisher=Leeds Metropolitan University }}</ref> | ||
| ===Birth of West Ham United=== | ===Birth of West Ham United (1901–1961)=== | ||
| West Ham |
West Ham United joined the Western League for the 1901 season<ref name="Stats2">'{{Cite web |last=Richard Rundle |title=Source for West Ham statistics |url=https://www.fchd.info/W-HAMU.HTM |access-date=15 August 2009 |publisher=Football Club History Database}}</ref> while also continuing to play in the Southern Division 1. In 1907, West Ham were crowned the Western League Division 1B Champions, and then defeated 1A champions Fulham 1–0 to become the Western League Overall Champions.<ref name="Stats2" /> The reborn club continued to play their games at the ] in ] (funded by Arnold Hills) but moved to a ] in the Upton Park area in the guise of the ] stadium in 1904. West Ham's first game in their new home was against fierce ] ] (themselves an Ironworks team, albeit for a rival company) drawing a crowd of 10,000 and with West Ham running out 3–0 winners,<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Northcutt |first1=John |title=West Ham United: A Complete Record |last2=Roy Shoesmith |publisher=Breedon Books |year=1993 |isbn=978-1-873626-44-3 |location=Derby |page=198}}</ref> and as the '']'' wrote on 2 September 1904, "Favoured by the weather turning fine after heavy rains of the morning, West Ham United began their season most auspiciously yesterday evening; when they beat Millwall by 3 goals to 0 on their new enclosure at Upton Park." | ||
| ] |
] final]] | ||
| In 1919, still under King's leadership, West Ham gained entrance to the ], their first game being a 1–1 draw with ], and were promoted to ] in 1923, also making it to the first ever ] to be held at the old ] stadium. Their opponents were ]. This was also known as the ], so named because an estimated 200,000 people came to see the match; spilling out on to the pitch, which had to be cleared prior to kick-off, by "Billie," a giant white horse (actually grey) being ridden by ] ]. The Cup Final match itself ended 2–0 to Bolton. The team enjoyed mixed success in Division 1 but retained their status for ten years and reached the FA Cup semi-final in 1933.<ref name="1933semi">{{cite web | url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=5&ham=1282&united=18_Mar_1933 | title=Game played on 18 March 1933 | publisher=www.westhamstats.info | accessdate=5 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| In 1919, still under King's leadership, West Ham gained entrance to the ], their first game being a 1–1 draw with ], and were promoted to the ] in 1923, also making it to the first ever ] to be held at the old ]. Their opponents were ]. This was also known as the "]", so named because an estimated 200,000 people came to see the match and the crowd was spilling out on to the pitch, which had to be cleared prior to kick-off by "Billie", a giant white horse (actually grey) being ridden by PC ]. The cup final match itself ended 2–0 to Bolton. The team enjoyed mixed success in the First Division but retained their status for ten years and reached the FA Cup semi-final in 1933.<ref name="1933semi">{{Cite web |title=Game played on 18 March 1933 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=5&ham=1282&united=18_Mar_1933 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=westhamstats.info}}</ref> | |||
| In 1932, the club was relegated to Division Two<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=1932&united=1st_Division_1931-32 | title=1st Division 1931–32 | publisher=www.westhamstats.info | accessdate=5 October 2013}}</ref> and long term custodian ] was sacked after serving the club in the role of manager for 32 years, and as a player from 1899 to 1903. Following relegation, King had mental health problems. He appeared drunk at a board meeting and soon after committed suicide.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P38foEpwni4C&pg=PT12&lpg=PT12&dq=syd+king+sacked+west+ham&source=bl&ots=LGv0kjR4gN&sig=kI1XOrcXhLrETkpLzcVbrZoh_BI&hl=en&sa=X&ei=xU1PUsqLKsSfiQf2-oHQDA&ved=0CE0Q6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=syd%20king%20sacked%20west%20ham&f=false | title=The Manager: The absurd ascent of the most important man in football | publisher=Hachette Digital | accessdate=5 October 2013 | author=Ronay, Barney}}</ref> He was replaced with his assistant manager ], who himself had been with West Ham in a number of roles since 1897 and who went on to serve the team in this role until 1950 for a total of 480 games. The club spent most of the next 30 years in this division, first under Paynter and then later under the leadership of former player ]. | |||
| In 1932, the club was relegated to the Second Division<ref>{{Cite web |title=1st Division 1931–32 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=1932&united=1st_Division_1931-32 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=westhamstats.info}}</ref> and long-term custodian ] was sacked after serving the club in the role of manager for 32 years, and as a player from 1899 to 1903. Following relegation, King had mental health problems. He appeared drunk at a board meeting and killed himself soon after.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ronay, Barney |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P38foEpwni4C&q=syd+king+sacked+west+ham&pg=PT12 |title=The Manager: The absurd ascent of the most important man in football |date=5 August 2010 |publisher=Hachette Digital |isbn=978-0-7481-1770-3 |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref> He was replaced with his assistant manager ], who himself had been with West Ham in a number of roles since 1897 and who went on to serve the team in this role until 1950 for a total of 480 games. The club spent most of the next thirty years in the second division, first under Paynter and then later under the leadership of former player ]. | |||
| Fenton succeeded in getting the club once again promoted to the top level of English football in 1958. With the considerable input of player ], Fenton helped develop both the initial batch of future West Ham stars and West Ham's approach to the game.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20101015/malcolm-allison-1927-2010_2236884_2185790 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101025141806/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20101015/malcolm-allison-1927-2010_2236884_2185790 | dead-url=yes | archive-date=25 October 2010 | title=Malcolm Allison 1927–2010 | publisher=www.whufc.com | date=15 October 2010 | accessdate=5 October 2013 | author=Helliar, John}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ted Fenton biography|url=http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/WHfentonT.htm|publisher=Spartacus|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=A brief history of West ham United|url=http://espnfc.com/feature/_/id/841093?cc=4716|publisher=ESPN|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Tributes pour in for Bond|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120926/tributes-pour-in-for-bond_2236884_2930511|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928030453/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20120926/tributes-pour-in-for-bond_2236884_2930511|dead-url=yes|archive-date=28 September 2012|publisher=West Ham United|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| Fenton succeeded in getting the club promoted back to the top level of English football in 1958. With the considerable input of player ], Fenton helped develop both the initial batch of future West Ham stars and West Ham's approach to the game.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Helliar, John |date=15 October 2010 |title=Malcolm Allison 1927–2010 |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20101015/malcolm-allison-1927-2010_2236884_2185790 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101025141806/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20101015/malcolm-allison-1927-2010_2236884_2185790 |archive-date=25 October 2010 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ted Fenton biography |url=http://spartacus-educational.com/WHfentonT.htm |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=Spartacus Educational}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A brief history of West ham United |url=http://espnfc.com/feature/_/id/841093?cc=4716 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tributes pour in for Bond |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120926/tributes-pour-in-for-bond_2236884_2930511 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928030453/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120926/tributes-pour-in-for-bond_2236884_2930511 |archive-date=28 September 2012 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United}}</ref> | |||
| ===Glory years=== | |||
| ] was appointed as Fenton's successor in 1961 and soon led the club to two major trophies, winning the ] in 1964. The team was led by the young ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/sport/football/2582091/1964-FA-Cup-final-colour-picture-special-West-Ham-3-Preston-2.html|title=1964 FA Cup final|work=The Sun|accessdate=4 October 2013|location=London|first=Jim|last=Munro}}</ref> They also won the ].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/england-managers-how-roy-hodgsons-predecessors-fared-7703923.html?action=gallery&ino=4 | title=England managers: How Roy Hodgson's predecessors fared | work=The Independent | accessdate=4 October 2013 | location=London | date=1 May 2012}}</ref><ref name="rg">{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/front_page/1447218.stm | title=Obituary: Ron Greenwood | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=4 October 2013 | date=9 February 2006}}</ref> During the ], key members of the tournament winners ] were West Ham players, including the captain, ]; ] (who scored in the final); and ], who scored the first, and only, ] in a men's ] final.<ref name=rg/><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100531/world-cup-hammers_2236884_2059863 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603135903/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20100531/world-cup-hammers_2236884_2059863 | dead-url=yes | archive-date=3 June 2010 | title=World Cup Hammers | publisher=www.whufc.com | accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> All three players had come through the youth team at West Ham.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130222/bonzo-pays-tribute-to-bobby_2236884_3084197 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004221506/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130222/bonzo-pays-tribute-to-bobby_2236884_3084197 | dead-url=yes | archive-date=4 October 2013 | title=Bonzo plays tribute | publisher=www.whufc.com | accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> ] | |||
| There is a "Champions" statue in ], opposite The ], commemorating West Ham's "three sons" who helped win the 1966 World Cup: Bobby Moore, Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. Also included on the statue is ]'s ].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.newham.com/work/attractions/champions_sculpture/33,10,0,0.html | title=Champions Sculpture | publisher=www.newham.com | accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref><br> | |||
| They also won the ] in 1975 by defeating ] 2–0. The Fulham team had former England ] ] and West Ham legend ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Hammers nail Fulham|url=http://www.thefa.com/Competitions/FACompetitions/TheFACup/History/historyofthefacup/1975westhamfulham|publisher=The FA|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ===Glory years (1961–1986)=== | |||
| After a difficult start to the 1974–75 season, Greenwood moved himself "upstairs" to become general manager and, without informing the board, appointed his assistant ] as team manager.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/4922314.stm | title=Former West Ham boss Lyall dies | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=4 October 2013 | date=19 April 2006}}</ref> The result was instant success – the team scored 20 goals in their first four games combined and won the FA Cup, becoming the last team to win the FA Cup with an all-English side when they beat Fulham 2–0 in the 1975 final.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120517/hammerabilia-wembley-special_2236884_2774289 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004221516/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120517/hammerabilia-wembley-special_2236884_2774289 | dead-url=yes | archive-date=4 October 2013 | title=Hammeralelia Wembley special | publisher=www.whufc.com | accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> Lyall then guided West Ham to another ] final in 1976, though the team lost the match 4–2 to Belgian side ].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20071018/anderlecht-deny-european-repeat_2236895_1328709 | title=Anderlecht deny European repeat | publisher=www.whufc.com | accessdate=4 October 2013}}{{dead link|date=January 2017}}</ref> Greenwood's tenure as general manager lasted less than three years, as he was appointed to manage England in the wake of ]'s resignation in 1977.<ref name="exitrevie">{{cite web | url=http://www.thefa.com/england/All-Teams/Staff/RonGreenwood | title=Ron Greenwood | publisher=www.thefa.com | accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ] was appointed as Fenton's successor in 1961 and soon led the club to two major trophies, winning the ]. The team was led by the young ]. West Ham also won the ] the following year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 May 2012 |title=England managers: How Roy Hodgson's predecessors fared |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/england-managers-how-roy-hodgsons-predecessors-fared-7703923.html?action=gallery&ino=4 |access-date=4 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004234500/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/england-managers-how-roy-hodgsons-predecessors-fared-7703923.html?action=gallery&ino=4 |archive-date=4 October 2013}}</ref><ref name="rg">{{Cite news |date=9 February 2006 |title=Obituary: Ron Greenwood |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/front_page/1447218.stm |access-date=4 October 2013}}</ref> During the ], key members of the tournament winners ] were West Ham players, including the captain, ]; ] (who scored in the final); and ], who scored the first ] in a ] final.<ref name=rg/><ref>{{Cite web |title=World Cup Hammers |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100531/world-cup-hammers_2236884_2059863 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603135903/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100531/world-cup-hammers_2236884_2059863 |archive-date=3 June 2010 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> All three players had come through the youth team at West Ham.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bonzo plays tribute |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130222/bonzo-pays-tribute-to-bobby_2236884_3084197 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004221506/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130222/bonzo-pays-tribute-to-bobby_2236884_3084197 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> ] | |||
| There is a "Champions" statue in ], opposite The ], commemorating West Ham's "three sons" who helped win the 1966 World Cup: Bobby Moore, Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. Also included on the statue is ]'s ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2008 |title=Champions Sculpture |url=http://www.newham.com/work/attractions/champions_sculpture/33,10,0,0.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005040852/http://www.newham.com/work/attractions/champions_sculpture/33,10,0,0.html |archive-date=5 October 2013 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=London Borough of Newham }}</ref> | |||
| After a difficult start to the 1974–75 season, Greenwood moved himself "upstairs" to become general manager and, without informing the board, appointed his assistant ] as team manager.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 April 2006 |title=Former West Ham boss Lyall dies |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/4922314.stm |access-date=4 October 2013}}</ref> The result was instant success – the team scored 20 goals in their first four games and won the FA Cup, becoming the last team to win the FA Cup with an all-English side when they beat Fulham 2–0 in the 1975 final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hammeralelia Wembley special |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120517/hammerabilia-wembley-special_2236884_2774289 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004221516/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120517/hammerabilia-wembley-special_2236884_2774289 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> The Fulham team included two former England ], ] and West Ham legend Bobby Moore.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hammers nail Fulham |url=http://www.thefa.com/Competitions/FACompetitions/TheFACup/History/historyofthefacup/1975westhamfulham |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=The FA}}</ref> Lyall then guided West Ham to another ] final in 1976, though the team lost the match 4–2 to Belgian side ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anderlecht deny European repeat |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20071018/anderlecht-deny-european-repeat_2236895_1328709 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207000829/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20071018/anderlecht-deny-european-repeat_2236895_1328709 |archive-date=7 December 2011 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> Greenwood's tenure as general manager lasted less than three years, as he was appointed to manage England in the wake of ]'s resignation in 1977.<ref name="exitrevie">{{Cite web |title=Ron Greenwood |url=http://www.thefa.com/england/All-Teams/Staff/RonGreenwood |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=The Football Association |archive-date=28 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428135031/http://www.thefa.com/England/All-Teams/Staff/RonGreenwood }}</ref> | |||
| ===Ups and downs=== | |||
| In 1978, West Ham were again relegated to Division Two, but Lyall was retained as manager and led the team to an ] win against ] in 1980, their last major honour. They reached the final by defeating Everton in the semi-final.<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham 1 Everton 1|url=http://archive.timesonline.co.uk/tol/viewArticle.arc?toDate=1980-04-18&fromDate=1980-04-17¤tPageNumber=1&resultsPerPage=10&sortBy=default&offset=0&viewName=&addFilters=&removeFilters=&addCat=&queryKeywords=Everton§ionId=1040&currPgSmartSet=1&pageId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1980-04-17-12&articleId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1980-04-17-12-001&xmlpath=&pubId=17&totalResults=2&addRefineFilters=&removeRefineFilters=&addRefineCat=&next_Page=false&prev_Page=false&date_dd_From=17&date_mm_From=04&date_yyyy_From=1980&date_dd_to_range=18&date_mm_to_range=04&date_yyyy_to_range=1980&date_dd_from_precise=17&date_mm_from_precise=04&date_yyyy_from_precise=1980&isDateSearch=false&dateSearchType=range&refineQuerykeywordText=|publisher=Archive.timesonline|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> The Hammers won 1–0, with a goal scored from a header by ] in the 13th minute.<ref>{{cite news|title=When the Hammers shocked Arsenal|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/fa_cup/8435400.stm|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=4 October 2013|first=Chris|last=Bevan|date=1 January 2010}}</ref> This is notable as no team outside the top division has won the trophy since. West Ham were promoted to Division One in 1981, and finished in the top ten of the first division for the next three seasons before achieving their highest-ever league finish of third in 1985–86; a group of players which came to be known as ]. However, they suffered relegation again in 1989, which resulted in Lyall's sacking.<ref>{{cite news|author=Julie Welch |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/apr/20/guardianobituaries.mainsection1 |title=Obituary John Lyall |work=The Guardian |date= 20 April 2006|accessdate=29 April 2010 | location=London}}</ref> He was awarded an ''ex gratia'' payment of £100,000 but left the club in what Lyall described as "upsetting" circumstances, meriting only 73 words in a terse acknowledgement of his service in the club programme. Lyall left West Ham after 34 years service.<ref>{{cite book | title=Nearly Reached the Sky | publisher=Football World | author=Blowers, Steve | year=2005 | page=18 | isbn=0-9548336-8-6}}</ref> | |||
| In 1978, West Ham were again relegated to the Second Division, but Lyall was retained as manager and led the team to victory in the ] with a 1–0 win against ], the most recent time a team from outside the top flight has won the FA Cup.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bevan |first=Chris |date=1 January 2010 |title=When the Hammers shocked Arsenal |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/fa_cup/8435400.stm |access-date=4 October 2013}}</ref> They reached the final by defeating Everton in the semi-final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham 1 Everton 1 |url=http://archive.timesonline.co.uk/tol/viewArticle.arc?toDate=1980-04-18&fromDate=1980-04-17¤tPageNumber=1&resultsPerPage=10&sortBy=default&offset=0&viewName=&addFilters=&removeFilters=&addCat=&queryKeywords=Everton§ionId=1040&currPgSmartSet=1&pageId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1980-04-17-12&articleId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1980-04-17-12-001&xmlpath=&pubId=17&totalResults=2&addRefineFilters=&removeRefineFilters=&addRefineCat=&next_Page=false&prev_Page=false&date_dd_From=17&date_mm_From=04&date_yyyy_From=1980&date_dd_to_range=18&date_mm_to_range=04&date_yyyy_to_range=1980&date_dd_from_precise=17&date_mm_from_precise=04&date_yyyy_from_precise=1980&isDateSearch=false&dateSearchType=range&refineQuerykeywordText= |access-date=4 October 2013 |website=The Times}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> West Ham were promoted to the First Division in 1981, and finished in the top ten of the First Division for the next three seasons before achieving their highest-ever league finish of third in 1985–86; a group of players which came to be known as ]. | |||
| ===Ups and downs (1986–2005)=== | |||
| However, the ''Hammers'' suffered relegation again in 1989, which resulted in Lyall's sacking.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Julie Welch |date=20 April 2006 |title=Obituary John Lyall |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/apr/20/guardianobituaries.mainsection1 |access-date=29 April 2010}}</ref> He was awarded an ''ex gratia'' payment of {{£|100000|link=yes}} ({{Inflation|UK|100000|1989|fmt=eq|cursign=£|r=-3}}) but left the club in what Lyall described as "upsetting" circumstances, meriting only 73 words in a terse acknowledgement of his service in the club programme. Lyall left West Ham after 34 years' service.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Blowers, Steve |title=Nearly Reached the Sky |publisher=Football World |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-9548336-8-8 |page=18}}</ref> | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| After Lyall, ] briefly led the team, though he resigned after less than a single season in order to clear his name of allegations of illegal betting while manager of ].<ref>{{ |
After Lyall, ] briefly led the team, though he resigned after less than a single season in order to clear his name of allegations of illegal betting while manager of ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lou Macari |url=http://www.swindon-town-fc.co.uk/Person.asp?PersonID=MACARILO |access-date=30 May 2013 |publisher=swindon-town-fc.co.uk}}</ref> | ||
| He was replaced by former player ].<ref name=essential>{{ |
He was replaced by former player ].<ref name="essential">{{Cite book |last=Blows, Kirk |title=The Essential History of West Ham United |publisher=Headline Book publishing |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-7472-7036-2 |page=193}}</ref> In Bonds' first full season, ], West Ham again secured promotion to the First Division. Now back in the top flight, Bonds saw West Ham through one of their most controversial seasons. With the club planning to introduce a ], there was crowd unrest. West Ham finished last and were relegated back to the Second Division after only one season.<ref name="Protest1">{{Cite news |last=Pierson |first=Mark |date=27 January 1997 |title=Football: West Ham fear FA censure over pitch invasion |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-west-ham-fear-fa-censure-over-pitch-invasion-1285373.html |access-date=30 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005111909/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-west-ham-fear-fa-censure-over-pitch-invasion-1285373.html |archive-date=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref name="BrownOut">{{Cite news |last=May |first=John |date=3 December 2002 |title=Who IS Terence Brown? |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/2539355.stm |access-date=30 May 2013}}</ref><ref name="TEHOWHU197">{{Cite book |title=The Essential History of West Ham United |pages=197, 198}}</ref><ref name="Storrie">{{Cite web |last=Kirkby |first=Darren |title=Peter Storrie |url=http://www.wsc.co.uk/content/view/6630/29/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120524031131/http://www.wsc.co.uk/content/view/6630/29/ |archive-date=24 May 2012 |access-date=30 May 2013 |website=When Saturday Comes}}</ref> However, they rebounded strongly in 1992–93. With ] and ] scoring 40 goals, they guaranteed themselves second place on the last day of the season with a 2–0 home win against ], and with it promotion to the ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1st Division 1992–93 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=1993&united=1st_Division_1992-93 |access-date=30 May 2013 |publisher=westhamstats.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=On this day 2 May |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130502/on-this-day-2-may_2236884_3163866 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004224110/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130502/on-this-day-2-may_2236884_3163866 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=30 May 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | ||
| ] celebrate winning the 2005 play-off final in Cardiff. From L-R ] (crouching), Back row, ], ], ], ], Front row ], ], ] and ] (with flag) |
] celebrate winning the 2005 play-off final in Cardiff. From L-R ] (crouching), Back row, ], ], ], ], Front row ], ], ] and ] (with flag)]] | ||
| With the team in the Premier League, there was a need to rebuild the team. ] player ] was recruited for a fee of £1.2 million. Shortly after arriving at the club, however, he became unhappy, citing homesickness from his native Oxford as the reason. Bonds in particular found this attitude hard to understand compared to his own committed, never-say-die approach; providing for Bonds' further evidence of the decay in the modern game and modern player.<ref>{{ |
With the team in the Premier League, there was a need to rebuild the team. ] player ] was recruited for a fee of £1.2 million (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|1.2|1993|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}). Shortly after arriving at the club, however, he became unhappy, citing homesickness from his native Oxford as the reason. Bonds in particular found this attitude hard to understand compared to his own committed, never-say-die approach; providing for Bonds' further evidence of the decay in the modern game and modern player.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 June 1994 |title=I was sold to save United says Beauchamp |url=http://www.heraldseries.co.uk/sport/oxfordunited/unitednews/8220434.I_was_sold_to_save_United_says_Beauchamp/ |access-date=16 June 2010 |publisher=Heraldseries.co.uk}}</ref> Fifty-eight days later, Beauchamp was signed by Swindon Town for a club-record combined fee of £800,000 (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|0.8|1993|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}), which included defender ] going in the opposite direction. Whitbread was valued at £750,000 (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|0.7.5|1993|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) in the deal.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Coventry ask Babb bidders to raise offers Liverpool made to wait |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-coventry-ask-babb-bidders-to-raise-offers-liverpool-made-to-wait-1377205.html |access-date=12 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006071613/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football-coventry-ask-babb-bidders-to-raise-offers-liverpool-made-to-wait-1377205.html |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> | ||
| Assistant manager ] was also now taking a bigger role in the transfer of players, with the club's approval. With rumours of his old club ] being prepared to offer him a position,<ref>{{ |
Assistant manager ] was also now taking a bigger role in the transfer of players, with the club's approval. With rumours of his old club ] being prepared to offer him a position,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Billy Bonds |url=http://www.football-england.com/billy_bonds.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703155116/http://www.football-england.com/billy_bonds.html |archive-date=3 July 2013 |access-date=18 August 2013 |publisher=football-england.com }}</ref> the West Ham board and their managing director, ], made a controversial move. The board were anxious not to lose Redknapp's services and offered Bonds a place away from the day-to-day affairs of the club on the West Ham board. This would have allowed them to appoint Redknapp as manager. Bonds refused the post offered and walked away from the club.<ref name="BMTHOTB146">{{Cite book |last=Blow, Kirk |title=Bring Me the Head of Trevor Brooking |publisher=Mainstream Publishing Company |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84596-661-4 |location=Edinburgh |page=136}}</ref> His accusations of deceit and manipulation by the board and by Redknapp have continued to cause ill-feeling.<ref name="BMTHOTB146" /> Peter Storrie claimed that they had handled the situation correctly, saying, "If Harry had gone to Bournemouth, there was a good chance Bill would have resigned anyway, so we were in a no-win situation. We're sad that Bill is going, and it's a big blow but it's time to move on and we have appointed a great manager."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Crace, John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jIZpr9jkPPoC&q=redknapp+bonds+storrie&pg=PT57 |title=Harry's Games The Biography of H |date=18 April 2013 | publisher=Little, Brown Book |isbn=978-1-78033-912-2 |access-date=19 August 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> | ||
| Redknapp became manager on 10 August 1994.<ref name=14m>{{ |
Redknapp became manager on 10 August 1994.<ref name="14m">{{Cite web |title=Soccerbase – West Ham managers |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/teams/team.sd?team_id=2802&teamTabs=managers |access-date=18 August 2013 |publisher=soccerbase.com}}</ref> | ||
| Redknapp's |
Redknapp's seven years as manager was notable for the turnover of players during his tenure and for the level of attractive football and success which had not been seen since the managership of John Lyall. Over 134 players passed through the club while he was manager, producing a net transfer fee deficit of £16 million, despite the £18 million sale (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|18|2000|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) of ] to ] in 2000.<ref name="fees">{{Cite web |last=Dyer, Ken |date=8 November 2001 |title=Redknapp blamed for West Ham loss |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/redknapp-blamed-for-west-ham-loss-6353787.html |access-date=14 August 2013 |website=London Evening Standard}}</ref> Some were notably successful, such as the signings of ],<ref name=hr/> ],<ref name=hr/> ],<ref name=hr/> ],<ref name=hr/> ]<ref name=hr/> and ].<ref name="wrightwrightwright">{{Cite news |date=13 July 1998 |title=Sport: Football: News |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/sport/football/news/131949.stm |access-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> Meanwhile, some were expensive, international players who failed at West Ham, such as ];<ref name=hr/> ], who earned as much in wages as the revenue gained from one entire stand and yet made only eight appearances;<ref name=fees/> ], who cost £720,000 (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|0.72|2000|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) and played only 86 minutes of football;<ref name=fees/> ]; ], whose wages amounted to £4.4 million (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|4.4|2002|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) but made only three starts for the club;<ref name=fees/> ]; ];<ref name=hr/> and ],<ref name="hr">{{Cite news |date=9 May 2001 |title=Harry Leaves his legacy |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/1321837.stm |access-date=14 August 2013}}</ref> a player often quoted as one of the biggest failures in the Premier League.<ref name="Boogers">{{Cite news |last=Hills, Dave |date=6 August 2000 |title=The 10 worst foreign signings of all time |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2000/aug/06/newsstory.sport16 |access-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> His first season in charge saw West Ham fighting the threat of relegation until the last few weeks,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Premier League 1994–95 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=1995&united=Premier_League_1994-95 |access-date=19 August 2013 |publisher=westhamstats.info}}</ref> while his third season would also see another relegation battle. Always willing to enter the transfer market, Redknapp bought in the winter transfer window John Hartson and ], who added the impetus needed at the season's end.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Premier League 1996–97 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=1997&united=Premier_League_1996-97 |access-date=19 August 2013 |publisher=westhamstats.info}}</ref> | ||
| In 1999, West Ham finished fifth, their highest position in the top flight since 1986.<ref name=hr/> They also won the ] beating French club ] to qualify for the ].<ref name=hr/><ref name="intertotocupwin">{{ |
In 1999, West Ham finished fifth, their highest position in the top flight since 1986.<ref name=hr/> They also won the ] beating French club ] to qualify for the ].<ref name=hr/><ref name="intertotocupwin">{{Cite web |title=On this day – 24 August |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130824/on-this-day-24-august_2236884_3435367 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827112441/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130824/on-this-day-24-august_2236884_3435367 |archive-date=27 August 2013 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> Things began to falter for Redknapp with the sale of Ferdinand to Leeds in November 2000. Redknapp used the transfer money poorly with purchases such as ], who cost £800,000 (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|0.8|2000|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) and played only seven league games, Camara, and Song. Redknapp felt he needed more funds with which to deal in the transfer market.<ref name="cash">{{Cite news |date=12 May 2001 |title=Cash row key to Redknapp exit |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/1321273.stm |access-date=15 August 2013}}</ref> Chairman ] lost patience with Redknapp due to his demands for further transfer funds. In June 2001, called to a meeting with Brown expecting to discuss contracts, he was fired.<ref name=cash/> His assistant ] left too, making the sale of his son, ], inevitable;<ref name=cash/> in the summer of 2001, he joined ] for £11 million (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|11|2001|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}).<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 June 2001 |title=Chelsea land Lampard |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/c/chelsea/1388696.stm |access-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> | ||
| With several names, such as former player ], now linked with the job, Chairman Brown recruited from within the club,<ref name=cash/> appointing reserve team coach ] as manager on 9 May 2001.<ref name=14m/> He had already failed in management with ], where he lost 22 of the 35 games he managed, and ].<ref name=ncfc>{{ |
With several names, such as former player ], now linked with the job, Chairman Brown recruited from within the club,<ref name=cash/> appointing reserve team coach ] as manager on 9 May 2001.<ref name=14m/> He had already failed in management with ], where he lost 22 of the 35 games he managed, and ].<ref name="ncfc">{{Cite web |title=Flown from the nest – Glenn Roeder |url=http://www.ex-canaries.co.uk/players/roeder.htm |access-date=15 August 2013 |publisher=ex-canaries.co.uk}}</ref> His first big signings were the return of ] for £5 million (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|5|2001|r=1}} million in {{Inflation/year|UK}})<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 August 2001 |title=Roeder signs Hutchison |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/1514594.stm |access-date=19 August 2013}}</ref> and Czech centre back ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Repka – Signed and sealed |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20010914/repka-signed-and-sealed_2236884_1139595 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004221503/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20010914/repka-signed-and-sealed_2236884_1139595 |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=19 August 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> Finishing seventh in his first season<ref>{{Cite web |title=Premier League 2001-2 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=2002&united=Premier_League_2001-02 |access-date=13 August 2013 |publisher=westhamstats.info}}</ref> Roeder, in his office at ], suffered a blocked blood vessel in his brain.<ref name=ncfc/><ref name=sirtrev/> As Roeder needed medical help and recuperation, former stalwart ] stood in as caretaker manager.<ref name="sirtrev">{{Cite news |date=24 April 2003 |title=Hammers appoint Brooking |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/2969187.stm |access-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> Despite not losing another game, the Hammers were relegated on the last day of the season at ], with a record high for a relegated club of 42 points from a 38-game season. Ten seasons of top-tier football were over.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 May 2003 |title=West Ham relegated |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/2978071.stm |access-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> Many top players, including ], Di Canio and Kanouté, all left the club. | ||
| The next season, now in the second tier, Roeder resumed his stint as manager. Results were still poor, however, and after an away defeat to ], he was sacked on 24 August 2003.<ref name=ncfc/> Brooking again took over as caretaker.<ref>{{ |
The next season, now in the second tier, Roeder resumed his stint as manager. Results were still poor, however, and after an away defeat to ], he was sacked on 24 August 2003.<ref name=ncfc/> Brooking again took over as caretaker.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 August 2003 |title=West Ham sack Roeder |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/3178123.stm |access-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> He lost only one game, a 2–0 away defeat to ]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stadium |first=Rob Maul at Priestfield |date=21 September 2003 |title=Gillingham 2 West Ham 0: Defoe goes as Gills win |work=The Sunday Times |url=http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/sport/football/article53341.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004234747/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/sport/football/article53341.ece |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> and is known as "the best manager West Ham never had."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ranking West Ham Managers |url=http://www.ftbpro.com/posts/aki.lunn/123823/ranking-west-ham-managers-of-the-last-decade |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215725/http://www.ftbpro.com/posts/aki.lunn/123823/ranking-west-ham-managers-of-the-last-decade |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=19 August 2013 |publisher=ftbpro.com}}</ref> | ||
| Former Crystal Palace player and manager of ] ] was lined up to be the next bench boss. Reading and their chairman, ], however, were reluctant to let him leave.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2421728/Madejski-fury-as-Pardew-is-released.html | title=Madejski fury as Pardew is released | publisher=Daily Telegraph | date=19 September 2003 | accessdate=18 August 2013 | author=Davies, Christopher | location=London}}</ref> After serving a period of notice and gardening leave, and with West Ham paying Reading £380,000 in compensation, he was appointed manager on 18 October 2003, their tenth manager.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-421858/Alan-Pardew-factfile.html | title=Alan Pardew factfile | publisher=Daily Mail | date=11 December 2006 | accessdate=15 August 2013 | location=London}}</ref> Pardew set out to rebuild the side bringing in ],<ref name=pards>{{cite web | url=http://m.espn.go.com/soccer/story?storyId=375039&src=desktop | title=Pardew out to build on impressive return | publisher=ESPN | date=16 August 2006 | accessdate=15 August 2013 | author=Johnson, Dale}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.standard.co.uk/sport/pardews-harewood-challenge-6974754.html | title=Pardew's Harewood challenge | publisher=www.standard.co.uk | date=1 December 2003 | accessdate=18 August 2013}}</ref> and ].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11685_2283730,00.html | title=Pardew: Deane could be key | publisher=Sky Sports | accessdate=18 August 2013 | author=Goss, Patrick}}</ref> In his first season in charge, they made the playoff final only to lose to Crystal Palace.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_div_1/3750773.stm | title=Crystal Palace 1–0 West Ham | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=18 August 2013 | date=29 May 2004}}</ref> His signings of ], ] and veterans ] and ] saw West Ham finishing sixth and subsequently beat ] 1–0 thanks to a Zamora goal in the ], securing a return to the Premier League.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_div_1/4573799.stm | title=West Ham 1–0 Preston | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=17 August 2013 | date=30 May 2005}}</ref> After ensuring promotion, Pardew said, "It's a team effort. We defended well and we're back where we belong."<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/4591261.stm | title=Pardew joy at Hammers promotion | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=17 August 2013 | date=30 May 2005}}</ref> | |||
| Former ] player and manager of ] ] was lined up to be the next bench boss. Reading and their chairman, ], however, were reluctant to let him leave.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Davies, Christopher |date=19 September 2003 |title=Madejski fury as Pardew is released |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2421728/Madejski-fury-as-Pardew-is-released.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2421728/Madejski-fury-as-Pardew-is-released.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=18 August 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref> After serving a period of notice and gardening leave, and with West Ham paying Reading £380,000 ({{Inflation|UK|380000|2003|fmt=eq|cursign=£|r=-3}}) in compensation, he was appointed manager on 18 October 2003, their tenth manager.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Brodkin |first=Jon |date=19 September 2003 |title=Pardew is a Hammer - in a month |newspaper=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2003/sep/19/newsstory.sport4 |via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> Pardew set out to rebuild the side bringing in ],<ref name="pards">{{Cite web |last=Johnson, Dale |date=16 August 2006 |title=Pardew out to build on impressive return |url=http://m.espn.go.com/soccer/story?storyId=375039&src=desktop |access-date=15 August 2013 |publisher=ESPN |archive-date=4 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220636/http://m.espn.go.com/soccer/story?storyId=375039&src=desktop |url-status=dead }}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2003 |title=Pardew's Harewood challenge |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/pardews-harewood-challenge-6974754.html |access-date=18 August 2013 |website=London Evening Standard}}</ref> and ].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Goss, Patrick |title=Pardew: Deane could be key |publisher=Sky Sports |url=http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11685_2283730,00.html |access-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> In his first season in charge, they made the playoff final only to lose to Crystal Palace.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 May 2004 |title=Crystal Palace 1–0 West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_div_1/3750773.stm |access-date=18 August 2013}}</ref> His signings of ], ] and veterans ] and ] saw West Ham finishing sixth and subsequently beat ] 1–0 thanks to a Zamora goal in the ], securing a return to the Premier League.<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 May 2005 |title=West Ham 1–0 Preston |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_div_1/4573799.stm |access-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> After ensuring promotion, Pardew said, "It's a team effort. We defended well and we're back where we belong."<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 May 2005 |title=Pardew joy at Hammers promotion |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/4591261.stm |access-date=17 August 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ===Post-2005 seasons=== | |||
| On their return to the top division, West Ham finished in ninth place,<ref name="Final 2005/2006 English Premier Table">{{cite web | |||
| | title = Final 2005/2006 English Premier Table | |||
| | url = http://www.soccerbase.com/league2.sd?competitionid=7&seasonid=135&teamid=2802 | |||
| | publisher=Soccerbase | |||
| | accessdate =12 August 2007}}</ref> The highlight of the ], however, was reaching the ] and taking favourites ] to a ] after a 3–3 draw. West Ham lost the shootout, but nonetheless gained entry to the following season's ] as Liverpool had already qualified for the ]. In August 2006, West Ham completed a major coup on the last day of the transfer window after completing the signings of ] and ].<ref name="West Ham sign Tevez & Mascherano">{{Cite news | |||
| | title = West Ham sign Tevez & Mascherano | |||
| | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/5301068.stm | |||
| |publisher=BBC Sport | |||
| | date = 31 August 2006 | |||
| | accessdate =12 August 2007}}</ref> The club was eventually bought by an ]ic consortium, led by ], in November 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/6165272.stm|title=''"West Ham accept m takeover bid"''|publisher=|accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref> Manager Alan Pardew was sacked after poor form during the season<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/6169349.stm|title= ''"Pardew sacked as West Ham manager"''|publisher=|accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref> and was replaced by former ] manager ].<ref name="curb">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/6171205.stm|title=''"Curbishley named West Ham manager"''|publisher=|accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref> | |||
| ===Final years at the Boleyn (2005–2016)=== | |||
| The signings of Mascherano and Tevez were investigated by the Premier League, who were concerned that details of the transfers had been omitted from official records. The club was found guilty and fined million in April 2007.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lawton|first1=Matt|last2=Cass|first2=Simon|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/sport/football.html?in_page_id=1779&in_article_id=450986|title=Off The Hook - West Ham Won't Be Docked Points Over Tevez Affair|work=Daily Mail|date=27 April 2007|accessdate=8 May 2017}}</ref> However, West Ham avoided a points deduction which ultimately became critical in their avoidance of relegation at the end of the ]. Following on from this event, ] chairman ], supported by other sides facing possible relegation, including Fulham and ], threatened legal action.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Paul Doyle |url=http://football.guardian.co.uk/News_Story/0,,2071808,00.html |title=Whelan on Warpath |newspaper=The Guardian |date= 3 May 2007|accessdate=29 April 2010 | location=London}}</ref> West Ham escaped relegation by winning seven of their last nine games, including a 1–0 win over Arsenal, and on the last day of the season defeated newly crowned League Champions ] 1–0 with a goal by Tevez to finish 15th.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/6627803.stm | title=Manchester United 0–1 West Ham | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=5 October 2013 | first=Howard | last=Nurse | date=13 May 2007}}</ref> | |||
| On their return to the top division, West Ham finished in ninth place,<ref name="Final 2005/2006 English Premier Table">{{Cite web |title=Final 2005/2006 English Premier Table |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/league2.sd?competitionid=7&seasonid=135&teamid=2802 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001145232/http://www.soccerbase.com/league2.sd?competitionid=7&seasonid=135&teamid=2802 |archive-date=1 October 2007 |access-date=12 August 2007 |publisher=Soccerbase }}</ref> The highlight of the ], however, was reaching the ] and taking favourites ] to a ] after a 3–3 draw. West Ham lost the shootout, but nonetheless gained entry to the following season's ] as Liverpool had already qualified for the ]. In August 2006, West Ham completed a major coup on the last day of the transfer window after completing the signings of ] and ].<ref name="West Ham sign Tevez & Mascherano">{{Cite news |date=31 August 2006 |title=West Ham sign Tevez & Mascherano |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/5301068.stm |access-date=12 August 2007}}</ref> The club was eventually bought by an ]ic consortium, led by ], in November 2006.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 November 2006 |title=West Ham accept £85m takeover bid |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/6165272.stm |access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref> Manager Alan Pardew was sacked after poor form during the season<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 December 2006 |title=Pardew sacked as West Ham manager |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/6169349.stm |access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref> and was replaced by former ] manager ].<ref name="curb">{{Cite news |date=13 December 2006 |title=Curbishley named West Ham manager |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/6171205.stm |access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref> | |||
| The signings of Mascherano and Tevez were investigated by the Premier League, who were concerned that details of the transfers had been omitted from official records. The club was found guilty and fined £5.5 million in April 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Huggins |first=Trevor |date=27 April 2007 |title=West Ham given record fine over transfers |work=Reuters |url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-england-westham-fapl/west-ham-given-record-fine-over-transfers-idUKL2744414120070427 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180629030318/https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-england-westham-fapl/west-ham-given-record-fine-over-transfers-idUKL2744414120070427 |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 June 2018 |access-date=11 July 2018}}</ref> However, West Ham avoided a points deduction which ultimately became critical in their avoidance of relegation at the end of the ]. Following on from this event, ] chairman ], supported by other sides facing possible relegation, including Fulham and ], threatened legal action.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Paul Doyle |date=3 May 2007 |title=Whelan on Warpath |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=http://football.guardian.co.uk/News_Story/0,,2071808,00.html |access-date=29 April 2010}}</ref> West Ham escaped relegation by winning seven of their last nine games, including a 1–0 win over Arsenal, and on the last day of the season defeated newly crowned League Champions ] 1–0 with a goal by Tevez to finish 15th.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nurse |first=Howard |date=13 May 2007 |title=Manchester United 0–1 West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/6627803.stm |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| In the ], West Ham remained reasonably consistently in the top half of the league table, with ] in the team, despite a slew of injuries; new signing ] missed most of the campaign, while ] was out from August 2007.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/7257001.stm | title=Injured Bellamy out for six weeks | publisher=BBC Sport | date=21 February 2008 | accessdate=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/happy-returns-making-a-comeback-from-a-lengthy-layoff-2359159.html?action=gallery&ino=2 | title=Happy returns? Making a comeback from a lengthy lay-off | publisher=The Independent | accessdate=5 October 2013 | location=London | first1=Rik | last1=Sharma | first2=Matt | last2=Bodimeade | date=22 September 2011}}</ref> The last game of the season, at the ], saw West Ham draw 2–2 against ], ensuring a tenth-place finish three points ahead of rivals ]. It was a five-place improvement on the previous season, and most importantly West Ham were never under any realistic threat of relegation. | |||
| In the ], West Ham remained reasonably consistently in the top half of the league table, with ] in the team, despite a slew of injuries; new signing ] missed most of the campaign, while ] was out from August 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |date=21 February 2008 |title=Injured Bellamy out for six weeks |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/7257001.stm |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Rik |last2=Bodimeade |first2=Matt |date=22 September 2011 |title=Happy returns? Making a comeback from a lengthy lay-off |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/happy-returns-making-a-comeback-from-a-lengthy-layoff-2359159.html?action=gallery&ino=2 |access-date=5 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005132503/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/happy-returns-making-a-comeback-from-a-lengthy-layoff-2359159.html?action=gallery&ino=2 |archive-date=5 October 2013}}</ref> The last game of the season, at the ], saw West Ham draw 2–2 against ], ensuring a tenth-place finish three points ahead of rivals ]. It was a five-place improvement on the previous season, and most importantly West Ham were never under any realistic threat of relegation. | |||
| After a row with the board over the sale of defenders ] and ] to ], manager Alan Curbishley resigned on 3 September 2008.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/7596106.stm | title=Curbishley quits as West Ham boss | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=7 October 2013 | date=3 September 2008}}</ref> His successor was former Chelsea striker ], who took over on 11 September 2008 to become the club's first non-British manager.<ref name="zola1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/sep/11/westham.zola|title=West Ham unveil Zola as new manager|date=11 September 2008|work=The Guardian |location=UK |accessdate=12 September 2008 | first=John | last=Ashdown}}</ref> In the ], West Ham finished ninth, a single place improvement. | |||
| ] lifts the trophy after the ]]] | |||
| After a row with the board over the sale of defenders ] and ] to ], manager Alan Curbishley resigned on 3 September 2008.<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 September 2008 |title=Curbishley quits as West Ham boss |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/7596106.stm |access-date=7 October 2013}}</ref> His successor was former Chelsea striker ], who took over on 11 September 2008 to become the club's first non-British manager.<ref name="zola1">{{Cite news |last=Ashdown |first=John |date=11 September 2008 |title=West Ham unveil Zola as new manager |work=The Guardian |location=UK |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/sep/11/westham.zola |access-date=12 September 2008}}</ref> In the ], West Ham finished ninth, a single place improvement. | |||
| In the ], West Ham started strongly with a 2–0 win over newly promoted ] with goals from ] and newly appointed captain ].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8197834.stm | title=Wolves 0–2 West Ham | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=7 October 2013 | first=Julian | last=Shea | date=15 August 2009}}</ref> A ] ] against old rivals ] brought about violent riots outside the ground as well as ]s and crowd trouble inside ].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8221451.stm |title=Mass violence mars London derby |publisher=BBC News |date=25 August 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1209028/Man-stabbed-West-Ham-Millwall-fans-brawl-outside-stadium.html|title='Bring your bats ... but don't bring your kids': Thugs planned West Ham v Millwall rampage on internet chatrooms | |||
| |work=Daily Mail |location=UK |date=26 August 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2009 }}</ref> | |||
| In August 2009, the financial concerns of Icelandic owners parent companies left the current owners unable to provide any funds until a new owner was found. The club's shirt sponsor ] provided the club with help purchase a much needed striker, the Italian ].<ref>{{cite web|publisher=West Ham United FC|title=Diamanti signs|url=http://www.whufc.com/page/News/0,,12562~1780384,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830023504/http://www.whufc.com:80/page/News/0,,12562~1780384,00.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=30 August 2009|date=28 August 2009|accessdate=29 August 2009}}</ref> | |||
| ] lifts the trophy after the ]]] | |||
| West Ham had a poor season which involved a prolonged battle against relegation.<ref name=zola2010>{{cite web | url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=2010&united=Premier_League_2009-10 | title=Premier League 2009–10 | publisher=www.westhamstats.info | accessdate=5 October 2013}}</ref> They finally secured their survival with two games remaining by defeating Wigan 3–2.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8637973.stm | title=West Ham 3–2 Wigan | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=5 October 2013 | date=24 April 2010}}</ref> The club managed to take 35 points from 38 games, seven fewer than the total they had when relegated seven years prior.<ref name=zola2010/> | |||
| On 11 May 2010, two days after the end of the 2009–10 season, West Ham announced the termination of Zola's contract with immediate effect.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100511/west-ham-united-statement_2236884_2049185|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513012232/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20100511/west-ham-united-statement_2236884_2049185|dead-url=yes|archive-date=13 May 2010|title=West Ham United statement|publisher=West Ham United F.C. |date= 11 May 2010|accessdate=11 May 2010}}</ref> On 3 June 2010, ] signed a four-year deal to become the next manager of West Ham subject to a ].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/8717102.stm |title=Avram Grant confirmed as West Ham United manager |publisher=BBC Sport |date= 3 June 2010|accessdate=3 June 2010}}</ref> West Ham's form continued to be poor with the team seldom outside the relegation zone,<ref>{{cite news|last=Chowdhury |first=Saj |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/9331257.stm |title=Newcastle 5–0 West Ham |publisher=BBC Sport |date=5 January 2011 |accessdate=14 January 2011}}</ref> placing Grant's future as manager under serious doubt.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/9342661.stm |title=West Ham's Grant stays calm after 5–0 loss to Newcastle |publisher=BBC Sport |date=5 January 2011 |accessdate=14 January 2011}}</ref> A 4–0 ] quarter-final win over Manchester United was an otherwise bright spot in a disappointing season.<ref>{{cite news|last=Whyatt |first=Chris |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/9233755.stm |title=West Ham 4–0 Manchester United |publisher=BBC Sport |date=30 November 2010 |accessdate=14 January 2011}}</ref> West Ham's form in the Premier League did not affect their form in the two domestic cups. The Hammers reached the semi-final of the League Cup before being eliminated by eventual winners ] as well as the quarter final of the FA cup before a 2–1 defeat at ].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/league_cup/9362794.stm | title=Birmingham 3–1 West Ham | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=5 October 2013 | first=Phil | last=McNulty | date=26 January 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/fa_cup/9421244.stm | title=Stoke City 2–1 West Ham | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=5 October 2013 | date=13 March 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In the ], West Ham started strongly with a 2–0 win over newly promoted ], with goals from ] and newly appointed captain ].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shea |first=Julian |date=15 August 2009 |title=Wolves 0–2 West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8197834.stm |access-date=7 October 2013}}</ref> A ] ] against old rivals ] brought about violent riots outside the ground as well as ]s and crowd trouble inside ].<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 August 2009 |title=Mass violence mars London derby |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8221451.stm |access-date=29 August 2009}}</ref> | |||
| On 15 May 2011, West Ham's relegation to ] was confirmed after a comeback from Wigan at the ]. With West Ham leading 0–2 at half-time through two ] goals, Wigan battled back to win 3–2 thanks to an added-time strike from ]. Following the loss, West Ham announced the ] of manager Avram Grant just one season into his tenure.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/13404955.stm |title=West Ham part company with Avram Grant |publisher=BBC Sport |date= 16 May 2011|accessdate=17 May 2011}}</ref> On 1 June 2011, ] was appointed as manager as Grant's replacement.<ref>{{cite news | title = Sam's the man | publisher=West Ham United F.C. | date = 1 June 2011 | url = http://www.whufc.com/articles/20110601/sams-the-man_2236884_2369787| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110604154848/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20110601/sams-the-man_2236884_2369787| dead-url = yes| archive-date = 4 June 2011| accessdate =1 June 2011}}</ref> | |||
| In August 2009, the financial concerns of Icelandic owners parent companies left the current owners unable to provide any funds until a new owner was found. The club's shirt sponsor ] provided the club with help to purchase a much needed striker, the Italian ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 August 2009 |title=Diamanti signs |url=http://www.whufc.com/page/News/0,,12562~1780384,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830023504/http://www.whufc.com/page/News/0%2C%2C12562~1780384%2C00.html |archive-date=30 August 2009 |access-date=29 August 2009 |publisher=West Ham United FC}}</ref> | |||
| West Ham had a poor season which involved a prolonged battle against relegation.<ref name="zola2010">{{Cite web |title=Premier League 2009–10 |url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=2010&united=Premier_League_2009-10 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=westhamstats.info}}</ref> They finally secured their survival with two games remaining by defeating Wigan 3–2.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 April 2010 |title=West Ham 3–2 Wigan |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/8637973.stm |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref> The club managed to take 35 points from 38 games, seven fewer than the total they had when relegated seven years prior.<ref name=zola2010/> | |||
| The club finished third in the ] with 86 points and took part in the play-offs. They beat ] in the play off semi-final 5–0 on aggregate to reach the final against ] at ] on 19 May 2012. ] opened the scoring, and although Blackpool equalised early in the second half, ] scored the winner for West Ham in the 87th minute.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/championship/9272841/Blackpool-v-West-Ham-United-live.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | first=Thom | last=Gibbs | title=Blackpool v West Ham United: live | date=19 May 2012}}</ref> | |||
| On 11 May 2010, two days after the end of the 2009–10 season, West Ham announced the termination of Zola's contract with immediate effect.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 May 2010 |title=West Ham United statement |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100511/west-ham-united-statement_2236884_2049185 |access-date=11 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513012232/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100511/west-ham-united-statement_2236884_2049185 |archive-date=13 May 2010}}</ref> On 3 June 2010, ] signed a four-year deal to become the next manager of West Ham subject to a ].<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 June 2010 |title=Avram Grant confirmed as West Ham United manager |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/8717102.stm |access-date=3 June 2010}}</ref> West Ham's form continued to be poor with the team seldom outside the relegation zone,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chowdhury |first=Saj |date=5 January 2011 |title=Newcastle 5–0 West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/9331257.stm |access-date=14 January 2011}}</ref> placing Grant's future as manager under serious doubt.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 January 2011 |title=West Ham's Grant stays calm after 5–0 loss to Newcastle |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/9342661.stm |access-date=14 January 2011}}</ref> A 4–0 ] quarter-final win over Manchester United was an otherwise bright spot in a disappointing season.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Whyatt |first=Chris |date=30 November 2010 |title=West Ham 4–0 Manchester United |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/9233755.stm |access-date=14 January 2011}}</ref> West Ham's form in the Premier League did not affect their form in the two domestic cups. The Hammers reached the semi-final of the League Cup before being eliminated by eventual winners ] as well as the quarter-final of the FA Cup before a 2–1 defeat at eventual runners-up ].<ref>{{Cite news |last=McNulty |first=Phil |date=26 January 2011 |title=Birmingham 3–1 West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/league_cup/9362794.stm |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=13 March 2011 |title=Stoke City 2–1 West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/fa_cup/9421244.stm |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| On 15 May 2011, West Ham's relegation to ] was confirmed after a comeback from Wigan at the ]. With West Ham leading 2–0 at half-time through two ] goals, Wigan battled back to win 3–2 thanks to an added-time strike from ]. Following the loss, West Ham announced the ] of manager Avram Grant just one season into his tenure.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 May 2011 |title=West Ham part company with Avram Grant |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/13404955.stm |access-date=17 May 2011}}</ref> On 1 June 2011, ] was appointed as manager as Grant's replacement.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 June 2011 |title=Sam's the man |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20110601/sams-the-man_2236884_2369787 |access-date=1 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604154848/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20110601/sams-the-man_2236884_2369787 |archive-date=4 June 2011 }}</ref> | |||
| ], West Ham's record signing]] | |||
| West Ham, on their return to the Premier League, signed former players ] and ] on permanent deals, as well as record signing ] and ] on loan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hammers return for 'Ginge'|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120731/hammers-return-for-ginge_2236884_2865700|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804020716/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20120731/hammers-return-for-ginge_2236884_2865700|dead-url=yes|archive-date=4 August 2012|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=25 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=McCartney completes Hammers switch|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120701/mccartney-completes-hammers-switch_2236884_2825510|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704091026/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20120701/mccartney-completes-hammers-switch_2236884_2825510|dead-url=yes|archive-date=4 July 2012|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=25 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Jarvis joins Hammers|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120824/jarvis-joins-hammers_2236884_2897815|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120827023622/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20120824/jarvis-joins-hammers_2236884_2897815|dead-url=yes|archive-date=27 August 2012|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=25 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hammers net Carroll|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120830/hammers-net-carroll_2236884_2905248|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831104129/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120830/hammers-net-carroll_2236884_2905248|dead-url=yes|archive-date=31 August 2012|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=25 September 2012}}</ref> They won their first game of the season, on 18 August 2012, 1–0 against ] thanks to a ] goal.<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham United 1–0 Aston Villa FT|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120818/west-ham-united-1-0-aston-villa-ft_2236884_2890226|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821003624/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20120818/west-ham-united-1-0-aston-villa-ft_2236884_2890226|dead-url=yes|archive-date=21 August 2012|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=25 September 2012}}</ref> The highlight of the first half of the season was a 3–1 home win against reigning ] ] on 1 December 2012 which saw them in eighth position<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham 3–1 Chelsea|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20474474|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=21 May 2013}}</ref> and 12th at the end of the year.<ref>{{cite web|title=Reading 1–0 West Ham|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20823239|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=21 May 2013}}</ref> On 22 March 2013, West Ham secured a 99-year lease deal on the ], with it planned to be used as their home ground from the 2016–17 season.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21684372 |title=Olympic Stadium: Barry Hearn calls for judicial review |work=BBC Sport |date=6 March 2013 |accessdate=21 March 2013}}</ref> Tenth place was secured at the end of the season with nine home wins and only three away from home. Only 11 away goals were scored, the lowest of the entire league.<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham 4–2 Reading|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22499173|publisher=Www.bbc.co.uk|accessdate=21 May 2013}}</ref> | |||
| The club finished third in the ] with 86 points and took part in the play-offs. They beat ] in the play-off semi-final 5–0 on aggregate to reach the final against ] at ] on 19 May 2012. ] opened the scoring, and although Blackpool equalised early in the second half, ] scored the winner for West Ham in the 87th minute.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gibbs |first=Thom |date=19 May 2012 |title=Blackpool v West Ham United: live |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/championship/9272841/Blackpool-v-West-Ham-United-live.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/championship/9272841/Blackpool-v-West-Ham-United-live.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> | |||
| In ], West Ham finished 13th in the Premier League.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/west-ham-united/2013-2014 | title=West Ham United 2013–14 season | publisher=www.statto.com | accessdate=1 May 2015}}</ref> They also reached the semi-finals of the ] before losing 9–0 on aggregate to eventual cup-winners ].<ref name="2014 league cup semi">{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25723655 | title=West Ham 0–3 Manchester City | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=1 May 2015}}</ref> A feature of the season were the criticisms of manager Sam Allardyce by supporters relating to his perceived negative playing tactics.<ref name="samout1">{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jan/09/west-ham-fans-allardyce-manchester-city | title=West Ham's travelling fans call on Sam Allardyce to go after 6–0 thrashing | work=The Guardian | date=9 January 2014 | accessdate=1 May 2015 | author=Jackson, Jamie}}</ref><ref name=samout2>{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/26761549 | title=Sam Allardyce: West Ham boss shocked by boos after Hull win | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=1 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="samout3">{{cite web | url=http://www.sportinglife.com/football/news/article/165/9291409/allardyce-criticism-nonsense | title=Allardyce: Criticism nonsense | publisher=www.sportinglife.com | accessdate=1 May 2015}}</ref> West Ham finished 12th in the ], one place higher than the previous season. Minutes after the last game of the season, on 24 May 2015, the club announced that Allardyce's contract would not be renewed and that they were seeking a new manager.<ref name="BFSGone">{{cite news | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/32863888 | title=West Ham: Sam Allardyce says decision to leave 'was mutual' | publisher=BBC Sport | date=24 May 2015 | accessdate=26 May 2015 | author=McNulty, Phil}}</ref> By winning the Premier League ] for 2014–15, West Ham qualified for the ], entering at the first qualifying round.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/32889068 | title=West Ham qualify for Europa League through Fair Play system | publisher=BBC Sport | accessdate=26 May 2015}}</ref> On 9 June 2015, former West Ham player ] was appointed as manager on a three-year contract.<ref name=Bilic>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/June/9-June/Hammers-appoint-Bilic | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611185523/http://www.whufc.com:80/News/Articles/2015/June/9-June/Hammers-appoint-Bilic | dead-url=yes | archive-date=11 June 2015 | title=Hammers appoint Bilic | publisher=www.whufc.com | accessdate=9 June 2015}}</ref> In Bilić's fourth game in charge, the team won at ] for the first time in 52 years, beating Liverpool 0–3, with goals from ], Mark Noble and ].<ref>{{Cite news|title = Liverpool 0–3 West Ham United|url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34025305|work = BBC Sport|access-date = 3 September 2015}}</ref> In Bilić's first season as manager, West Ham finished seventh in the Premier League. The team broke several records for the club in the Premier League era, including the highest number of points (62), the highest number of goals in a season (65), the least number of games lost in a season (8) and the lowest number of away defeats (5).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/16-May/Stat%E2%80%99s-a-Fact-%E2%80%93-2015-16-Season | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520233418/http://www.whufc.com:80/News/Articles/2016/May/16-May/Stat%E2%80%99s-a-Fact-%E2%80%93-2015-16-Season | dead-url=yes | archive-date=20 May 2016 | title=Stat’s a Fact – 2015/16 Season | publisher=www.whufc.com | date=16 May 2016 | accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> Following Manchester United's win in the ], West Ham took their Europa League place and qualified for the third qualifying round of the ].<ref name="europe201617">{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/21-May/Hammers-qualify-for-UEFA-Europa-League | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524190640/http://www.whufc.com:80/News/Articles/2016/May/21-May/Hammers-qualify-for-UEFA-Europa-League? | dead-url=yes | archive-date=24 May 2016 | title=Hammers qualify for UEFA Europa League | publisher=www.whufc.com | date=21 May 2016 | accessdate=22 May 2016}}</ref> In August 2016, ] became the club's most expensive signing after joining for a fee of £20.5 million from ].<ref></ref> | |||
| West Ham, on their return to the Premier League, signed former players ] and ] on permanent deals, as well as record signing ] and ] on loan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hammers return for 'Ginge' |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120731/hammers-return-for-ginge_2236884_2865700 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804020716/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120731/hammers-return-for-ginge_2236884_2865700 |archive-date=4 August 2012 |access-date=25 September 2012 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=McCartney completes Hammers switch |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120701/mccartney-completes-hammers-switch_2236884_2825510 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704091026/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120701/mccartney-completes-hammers-switch_2236884_2825510 |archive-date=4 July 2012 |access-date=25 September 2012 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jarvis joins Hammers |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120824/jarvis-joins-hammers_2236884_2897815 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120827023622/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120824/jarvis-joins-hammers_2236884_2897815 |archive-date=27 August 2012 |access-date=25 September 2012 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hammers net Carroll |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120830/hammers-net-carroll_2236884_2905248 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120831104129/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120830/hammers-net-carroll_2236884_2905248 |archive-date=31 August 2012 |access-date=25 September 2012 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> They won their first game of the season, on 18 August 2012, 1–0 against ] thanks to a ] goal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham United 1–0 Aston Villa FT |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120818/west-ham-united-1-0-aston-villa-ft_2236884_2890226 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821003624/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20120818/west-ham-united-1-0-aston-villa-ft_2236884_2890226 |archive-date=21 August 2012 |access-date=25 September 2012 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> The highlight of the first half of the season was a 3–1 home win against reigning ] ] on 1 December 2012 which saw them in eighth position<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 2012 |title=West Ham 3–1 Chelsea |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20474474 |access-date=21 May 2013}}</ref> and 12th at the end of the year.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 December 2012 |title=Reading 1–0 West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/20823239 |access-date=21 May 2013}}</ref> On 22 March 2013, West Ham secured a 99-year lease deal on the ], with it planned to be used as their home ground from the 2016–17 season.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 March 2013 |title=Olympic Stadium: Barry Hearn calls for judicial review |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21684372 |access-date=21 March 2013}}</ref> Tenth place was secured at the end of the season with nine home wins and only three away from home. Only 11 away goals were scored, the lowest of the entire league.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 May 2013 |title=West Ham 4–2 Reading |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22499173 |access-date=21 May 2013}}</ref> | |||
| ==Crest and colours== | |||
| In ], West Ham finished 13th in the Premier League.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham United 2013–14 season |url=http://www.statto.com/football/teams/west-ham-united/2013-2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420233418/http://www.statto.com/football/teams/west-ham-united/2013-2014 |archive-date=20 April 2015 |access-date=1 May 2015 |publisher=statto.com }}</ref> They also reached the semi-finals of the ] before losing 9–0 on aggregate to eventual cup-winners ].<ref name="2014 league cup semi">{{Cite news |date=21 January 2014 |title=West Ham 0–3 Manchester City |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/25723655 |access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref> A feature of the season were the criticisms of manager Sam Allardyce by supporters relating to his perceived negative playing tactics.<ref name="samout1">{{Cite news |last=Jackson, Jamie |date=9 January 2014 |title=West Ham's travelling fans call on Sam Allardyce to go after 6–0 thrashing |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jan/09/west-ham-fans-allardyce-manchester-city |access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="samout2">{{Cite news |date=26 March 2014 |title=Sam Allardyce: West Ham boss shocked by boos after Hull win |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/26761549 |access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref><ref name="samout3">{{Cite web |title=Allardyce: Criticism nonsense |url=http://www.sportinglife.com/football/news/article/165/9291409/allardyce-criticism-nonsense |access-date=1 May 2015 |website=Sporting Life |location=UK |archive-date=26 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526113635/http://www.sportinglife.com/football/news/article/165/9291409/allardyce-criticism-nonsense }}</ref> West Ham finished 12th in the ], one place higher than the previous season. Minutes after the last game of the season, on 24 May 2015, the club announced that Allardyce's contract would not be renewed and that they were seeking a new manager.<ref name="BFSGone">{{Cite news |last=McNulty, Phil |date=24 May 2015 |title=West Ham: Sam Allardyce says decision to leave 'was mutual' |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/32863888 |access-date=26 May 2015}}</ref> By winning the Premier League ] for 2014–15, West Ham qualified for the ], entering at the first qualifying round.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 May 2015 |title=West Ham qualify for Europa League through Fair Play system |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/32889068 |access-date=26 May 2015}}</ref> | |||
| ===Crest=== | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| The original club crest was a crossed pair of rivet hammers; tools commonly used in the iron and shipbuilding industry. A castle was later (circa 1903–04) added to the crest and represents a prominent local building, Green Street House, which was known as "Boleyn Castle" through an association with ]. The manor was reportedly one of the sites at which ] courted his second queen, though in truth there is no factual evidence other than the tradition of rumour.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=42741 | title=East Ham: Manors and estates | publisher=University of London & History of Parliament Trust | author=Various | accessdate=15 August 2009}}</ref> | |||
| On 9 June 2015, former West Ham player ] was appointed as manager on a three-year contract.<ref name="Bilic">{{Cite web |title=Hammers appoint Bilic |url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/June/9-June/Hammers-appoint-Bilic |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611185523/http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2015/June/9-June/Hammers-appoint-Bilic |archive-date=11 June 2015 |access-date=9 June 2015 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> In Bilić's fourth game in charge, the team won at ] for the first time in 52 years, beating Liverpool 0–3, with goals from ], Mark Noble and ].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Liverpool 0–3 West Ham United |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/34025305 |access-date=3 September 2015}}</ref> At the end of the season, West Ham finished 7th in the Premier League. The team broke several records for the club in the Premier League era, including the highest number of points (62), the highest number of goals in a season (65), the fewest games lost in a season (8) and the lowest number of away defeats (5).<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 May 2016 |title=Stat's a Fact – 2015/16 Season |url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/16-May/Stat%E2%80%99s-a-Fact-%E2%80%93-2015-16-Season |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520233418/http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/16-May/Stat%E2%80%99s-a-Fact-%E2%80%93-2015-16-Season |archive-date=20 May 2016 |access-date=22 May 2016 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> The season also marked the last season where the team played at the Boleyn Ground, with them moving to the London Stadium from next season - ending their 112-year stay at the stadium. | |||
| The castle may have also been added as a result of the contribution made to the club by players of ], or even the adoption (in 1904) of Boleyn Castle FC<ref>{{cite book | url=http://www.eastlondonhistory.com/hilsdon.htm | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013213249/http://eastlondonhistory.com/hilsdon.htm | archivedate=13 October 2007 | title="Gatling Gun" George Hildson | publisher=Football Lives | author=Colm Kerrigan| isbn=0-9530718-0-4 | |||
| }}</ref> as their reserve side when they took over their grounds on the site. | |||
| ===Move to London Stadium and European success (2016–)=== | |||
| The crest was redesigned and updated by London design agency Springett Associates in the late 1990s, featuring a wider yellow castle with fewer cruciform "windows" along with the peaked roofs being removed; the tops of the towers had previously made the castle appear more akin to ]'s Sleeping Beauty's Castle than a functioning fortress. The designer also altered other details to give a more substantial feel to the iconography.<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham|url=http://premierskills.britishcouncil.org/the-clubs/west-ham|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100405014018/http://premierskills.britishcouncil.org:80/the-clubs/west-ham|dead-url=yes|archive-date=5 April 2010|publisher=premierskills|accessdate=3 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| Following Manchester United's win in the ], West Ham took their Europa League place and qualified for the third qualifying round of the ].<ref name="europe201617">{{Cite web |date=21 May 2016 |title=Hammers qualify for UEFA Europa League |url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/21-May/Hammers-qualify-for-UEFA-Europa-League |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160524190640/http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/21-May/Hammers-qualify-for-UEFA-Europa-League |archive-date=24 May 2016 |access-date=22 May 2016 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> At the end of the ], the team finished 11th, along with having to deal with the departure of star man ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham 2016/17 Premier League season review |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/10887457/west-ham-201617-premier-league-season-review |access-date=6 November 2017}}</ref> However, the team suffered a poor start to the following season, taking only two wins in their opening 11 games. Following a 4–1 defeat to Liverpool at home and with the team threatened by relegation, Bilić was sacked on 6 November 2017. He was replaced by former Sunderland boss ] on a contract until the end of the season. The team battled inconsistent form for the rest of the season but managed to avoid relegation and finish 13th. Moyes was not offered a new contract and left the club on the expiration of it on 16 May 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title=David Moyes Departs West Ham After Expiration of His Contract |url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2776278-david-moyes-departs-west-ham-after-expiration-of-his-contract |access-date=22 May 2018 |website=Bleacher Report}}</ref> | |||
| On 22 May 2018, the club appointed former ] boss ] as the new manager on a three-year contract.<ref name="WestHamIn">{{Cite news |date=22 May 2018 |title=West Ham: Manuel Pellegrini named new manager at London Stadium |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44163423 |access-date=22 May 2018}}</ref> In his first season in charge, the Hammers finished 10th, once again suffering from inconsistent form. However, after a poor first half to the following season, Pellegrini was sacked in December 2019 with the team only one point above the relegation zone. His last game in charge was a 2–1 home loss to Leicester City.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham United statement | West Ham United |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2019/december/28-december/west-ham-united-statement |website=www.whufc.com}}</ref> He was replaced by David Moyes, who returned for a second spell in charge a day later.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham re-appoint David Moyes on 18-month deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/11897082/west-ham-re-appoint-david-moyes-on-18-month-deal |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> | |||
| When the club redesigned the facade of the stadium (construction finished 2001–02) the "castle" from the later badge was incorporated into the structure at the main entrance to the ground. A pair of towers were prominent features of the ground's appearance, both bearing the club's modern insignia (which was also located in the foyer and other strategic locations).<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham|url=http://www.footballbadgesguide.com/West%20Ham.html|publisher=Footballbadgesguide|accessdate=3 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| On 22 July 2020, the club secured their Premier League status for another season, following a 1–1 draw away to Manchester United.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 July 2020 |title=West Ham secure safety with Old Trafford draw |url=https://www.premierleague.com/news/1725689 |website=Premier League}}</ref> Ahead of the ], West Ham's ownership attracted criticism, including from club captain Mark Noble who publicly criticized the sale of academy graduate ].<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2020 |title=Mark Noble slams West Ham United board over sale of Grady Diangana with social media post |url=https://www.football.london/west-ham-united-fc/news/noble-criticises-west-ham-diangana-18883006 |website=football.london}}</ref> Despite losing the opening two games of the season, West Ham's form improved and by the end of November, the club sat in fifth place.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 November 2020 |title=West Ham United 2–1 Aston Villa |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/55039201 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> The club would not drop out of a European spot for the rest of the season and went on to qualify for the ] group stages after finishing in 6th.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2021 |title=West Ham United qualify for UEFA Europa League with final-day win over Southampton |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2021/may/23-may/west-ham-united-qualify-uefa-europa-league-final-day-win-over |website=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> Moyes signed a new three-year contract on 12 June 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=David Moyes: West Ham manager signs new three-year deal |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11685/12330894/david-moyes-west-ham-manager-signs-new-three-year-deal |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> | |||
| A new badge was approved by supporters in July 2014 and was introduced following the end of the ], when the club moved into the ].<ref>{{cite news|title=West Ham: Hammers fans vote in favour of new club crest|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28261889|accessdate=17 July 2014|work=]|date=17 July 2014}}</ref> It removes the Boleyn Castle due to the club moving away, leaving just the crossed hammers, which the club says is inspired by the crest during the career of ]. The word "London" will be introduced below to "establish the club firmly on the international stage", and the more minimalist approach is to give a "strong statement that is instantly West Ham United". The shape of the crest is that of the ] of {{HMS|Warrior|1860|6}}, the first ] in the ], which was built by ].<ref>{{cite web|title=We will always be West Ham United|url=http://www.whufc.com/staticFiles/c2/c2/0,,12562~180930,00.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726193724/http://www.whufc.com/staticFiles/c2/c2/0,,12562~180930,00.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=26 July 2014|publisher=West Ham United F.C.|accessdate=19 July 2014}}</ref> | |||
| ]]] | |||
| ===Colours=== | |||
| The original colours of the team were dark blue, due to ] chairman ] being a former student of Oxford University. However, the team used a variety of kits including the claret and sky blue house colours of Thames Ironworks, as well as sky blue or white kit.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kitclassics.co.uk/kits/westham.gif | title=West Ham kits since inception I | publisher=Various sources, image of kits | author=kitclassics.co.uk | accessdate=15 August 2009| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080625144306/http://www.kitclassics.co.uk/kits/westham.gif| archivedate = 25 June 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/West_Ham_United/West_Ham_United.htm | title=West Ham kits since inception II| publisher=Various sources, images of kits | author=Dave Moor | accessdate=15 August 2009}}</ref> | |||
| West Ham won their first three games of the year 2022, temporarily elevating the club to fourth place in the Premier League.<ref name = "2122Stats">{{cite web|url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=2022&united=Premier_League_2021-22|title=Premier League 2021-22|access-date=22 May 2022|publisher=West Ham Stats}}</ref> The team beat ] 2–1 on aggregate to reach a first European quarter-final in 41 years,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/60771093|title=West Ham United 2–0 Sevilla|publisher=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2022|access-date=22 May 2022}}</ref> followed by a 4–1 aggregate win over ] for a first such semi-final since 1976.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/61088177|title=West Ham stun Lyon to reach Europa League semis|work=BBC Sport }}</ref> Playing the same opposition they met in their 1976 ] semi-final, ], the ''Hammers'' were knocked out of the Europa League, following a 3–1 aggregate loss to the German side.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/61323868|title=Frankfurt end West Ham's European dream|work=BBC Sport }}</ref> At the end of the ] season, West Ham confirmed a second successive season of European football, qualifying for the ] after finishing seventh. The season was also notable for being Mark Noble's final as a West Ham player, with the midfielder retiring from football after 18 years as a first team player at the club, making 550 appearances in all competitions, scoring 62 times.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/61453547|title=Brighton & Hove Albion 3–1 West Ham United|access-date=22 May 2022|publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> By finishing 7th in the 2021–22 Premier League, West Ham qualified for the ], entering at the ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportingnews.com/in/soccer/news/european-places-premier-league-qualification-scenarios-2023/uk5uxsqmpq5wbeqqfzmbwzhy|title=European places in Premier League for 2022-2023: Full breakdown of qualification scenarios|website=www.sportingnews.com|date=5 May 2022 }}</ref> | |||
| The Irons permanently adopted claret and blue for home colours in the summer of 1899. ] right-half ] received the ] kit from his father William Dove, who was a professional sprinter of national repute, as well as being involved with the coaching at Thames Ironworks. Bill Dove had been at a fair in ], close to ], the home ground of Aston Villa and was challenged to a race against four Villa players, who wagered money that one of them would win.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of West Ham United colours|url=http://hammersnews.blogspot.in/2009/09/history-of-west-ham-united-colours.html|publisher=Hammernews|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| The ] was a mixed bag for the ''Hammers''. The club finished 14th in the Premier League, only securing their Premier League status with two games remaining and exiting the League Cup to lower league opposition in a season that saw manager David Moyes come under pressure.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/west-ham-united-v-leeds-united-all-you-need-know-1|title=West Ham United v Leeds United - All You Need To Know|date=19 May 2023|access-date=10 June 2023|publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2023/apr/15/david-moyes-west-ham-premier-league|title=David Moyes' low-risk formula points to a summer change for West Ham|date=15 April 2023|access-date=10 June 2023|work=The Guardian}}</ref> In January 2023, Mark Noble returned to the club as sporting director.<ref name = "NobleDirector">{{Cite news |title=Noble to return to West Ham as sporting director |language=en-GB |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/62991996 |access-date=6 January 2023}}</ref> Despite the troubles in West Ham's domestic campaign, they excelled in the Europa Conference League. The club progressed to the ] unbeaten, winning 13 games and drawing just once.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.westhamstats.info/westham.php?west=4&ham=2023&united=Premier_League_2022-23|title=Premier League 2022-23|access-date=10 June 2023|publisher=West Ham Stats }}</ref> They went on to win the competition, defeating ] 2–1 in the final to claim their first major trophy since 1980 and their first European trophy in 58 years.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 June 2023 |title=Europa Conference League: Bowen gives West Ham late lead |language=en-GB |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/live/football/65746142 |access-date=7 June 2023}}</ref> Moyes was not offered a new contract in 2024, having led West Ham to three consecutive European seasons for the first time in their history, reaching at least the quarter-finals of each.<ref>{{cite news |title=The long Moyes West Ham goodbye is over - what will his legacy be? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/c6pyj22z5d8o |access-date=13 May 2024 |work=BBC Sport |date=6 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Moyes' impressive West Ham legacy |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/articles/cjewwd28j82o |access-date=13 May 2024 |work=BBC Sport |date=13 May 2024}}</ref> On May 23, the club named ] as his replacement.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/julen-lopetegui-appointed-west-ham-united-head-coach |title=Julen Lopetegui Appointed West Ham United Head Coach |date=23 May 2024 |website=West Ham United |access-date=23 May 2024}}</ref> | |||
| Bill Dove defeated them and, when they were unable to pay the bet, one of the Villa players who was responsible for washing the team's kit offered a complete team's "football kits" to Dove in payment. The Aston Villa player subsequently reported to his club that the kit was "missing."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.football-kits-online.co.uk/english-premier-league/west-ham-united/9.aspx |title=West Ham United Kits at Football Kits Online – Replica Shirts & Soccer Gear |publisher=Football-kits-online.co.uk |accessdate=14 January 2011}}</ref> This, however, is often disputed. The predecessors of Thames Ironworks, ], played in pale blue shirts, white shorts and claret socks as early as 1892, around the same time Aston Villa played in said same colours. | |||
| ==Crest== | |||
| Thames Ironworks, and later West Ham United, retained the claret yoke/blue sleeves design, but also continued to use their previously favoured colours for their away kits. | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ===Thames Ironworks FC=== | |||
| ====Shirt sponsors and kit suppliers==== | |||
| The Thames Ironworks Team (1895–1900) used the ] as its badge. | |||
| Since January 2015 West Ham's shirts have been sponsored by ].<ref name="betway">{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20150206/hammers-announce-betway-sponsorship_2236884_4466376 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206155118/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20150206/hammers-announce-betway-sponsorship_2236884_4466376 | dead-url=yes | archive-date=6 February 2015 | title=Hammers announce Betway sponsorship | publisher=www.whufc.com | accessdate=6 February 2015}}</ref> Previous sponsors have included AVCO Trust (1983–89), BAC Windows (1989–93), Dagenham Motors (1993–97), ] (1998–2003), ] (2003–07), ] (2007–08), ] (2008–13), and ] (2013–15).<ref name="Alpari">{{cite news|last=Sale|first=Charles|title=Hughes still chasing m QPR pay off after November sacking|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-2273512/Mark-Hughes-chasing-4-5m-QPR-pay--Charles-Sale.html#axzz2JwrDVs1z|accessdate=5 February 2013|newspaper=Daily Mail|date=5 February 2013|location=London}}</ref> The deal with XL ended early due to the ] being placed in administration in September 2008.<ref name="whuxl">{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/page/News/0,,12562~1391114,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913095207/http://www.whufc.com:80/page/News/0,,12562~1391114,00.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=13 September 2008|title=Club ends relationship with XL|date=12 September 2008|publisher=whufc.com|accessdate=12 September 2008}}</ref><ref name="guaxl">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/sep/12/premierleague.westhamunited|title=Hammers hit by backer's collapse|date=12 September 2008|work=The Guardian |location=London |accessdate=12 September 2008 | first=Alan | last=Gardner}}</ref> During this period, players had their squad numbers ironed over the existing sponsorship logo, before a deal with SBOBET was finalised.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/page/News/0,,12562~1475647,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204050838/http://www.whufc.com/page/News/0,,12562~1475647,00.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=4 December 2008 |title=West Ham United and SBOBET |publisher=Whufc.com |accessdate=29 April 2010}}</ref> The deal with Alpari also ended early, because of the sponsor entering liquidation.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://citywire.co.uk/wealth-manager/news/west-ham-shirt-sponsor-alpari-in-liquidation-following-snb-shock/a793364?ref=wealth_manager_all_stories_list | title=West Ham shirt sponsor Alpari in liquidation following SNB shock | publisher=Citywire.co.uk | accessdate=16 January 2015}}</ref> | |||
| ===Rivet Hammers=== | |||
| The current kit manufacturers, ], have made West Ham's kit from 2007 to 2010, and from 2015 to the present. Previous manufacturers have been ] (1976–80), ] (1980–87, 2013–15),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alpari.co.uk/sponsorship/west-ham-united|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130311142744/http://www.alpari.co.uk:80/sponsorship/west-ham-united|dead-url=yes|archive-date=11 March 2013|title=West Ham United|publisher=|accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref> Scoreline (1987–89), ] (1989–93), ] (1993–99), ] (1999–2003), ] (2003–07) and ] (2010–13). | |||
| The principal element of the badge is the crossed pair of rivet hammers, tools that were used in the shipbuilding industry. The ] and ] neighbourhoods surrounding the ] echoed to the sound of hammers; ]s, sledge hammers and rivet hammers.<ref>The shipbuilding description that follows comes from Brian Belton's book 'The Thames Ironworks' Chapter 5</ref> | |||
| Seven large mechanical steam hammers would punch small holes near the edges of the iron plates which would be joined to build the ships. The plates would be put in place and fixed together with rivets by teams of five, three inside the emerging vessel and two outside. | |||
| Inside the ship one member of the team would heat the rivets till they were white hot and, using ''Iron Fingers'' (]'s ]), throw them to a second person, known as a "catch-boy" or "putter-in", who would pick the rivet up and place it the hole, also using tongs. The third person was known as the "holder-on" and he would then smash the rivet home with a sixteen-pound sledgehammer and then use his sledgehammer to hold the rivet in place while the men on the other side flattened the other end of the rivet. | |||
| Outside the ship, exposed to the elements, two men with rivet hammers – one right-handed, one left-handed – would hammer the protruding and still glowing rivet flat, so securing one of the many points necessary to link each of the ship's large plates. | |||
| The crossed hammers were also incorporated into the coat of arms of the ] and those of its successor, the modern ].<ref>Archived material from LB of Newham website, description of each element of the coat of arms https://web.archive.org/web/20130602073325/http://apps.newham.gov.uk/democracy/civicamb/carms.htm</ref> The Thames Ironworks lay partly within what is now the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. However, the blacksmith's tongs in ] represent the local saint, ], the patron saint of ] and metalworkers,<ref>Met Borough of Stepney Official Guide, p29, 1961, Ed J Burrow and Co</ref> rather than the Ironworks. | |||
| ===Tower=== | |||
| A yellow or white tower was added, intermittently, from the 1950s onwards.<ref>website shows much of the evolution of the badge http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/club-crest/4548286338</ref> The primary reason for this seems to be to represent ''Anne Boleyn's Tower'', the most notable feature of ], an originally Tudor group of buildings which stood next to the ] until demolished in 1955. ] was also known as ''Boleyn Castle'' through an association with ]. The manor was reputedly one of the sites at which ] courted his second queen, though there is no documentary evidence to support the tradition.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Various |title=East Ham: Manors and estates |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=42741 |access-date=15 August 2009 |publisher=University of London & History of Parliament Trust}}</ref> | |||
| There are a number of other factors which may have influenced the inclusion of the stylised castle feature, for instance: | |||
| * to reflect the contribution made to the club by players of ] | |||
| * The imposing towers, roofs and doorway of the Engineering Department of the ] bore a strong resemblance<ref>link to external image https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/images/0/02/Im1895EnV80-p567.jpg</ref> to the castle feature in earlier iterations of the badge. | |||
| * The first verse of the club's anthem ] begins "I'm dreaming dreams, I'm scheming schemes, I'm building castles high". | |||
| * The ] of the ] as emblematic of ]. For hundreds of years, up until 1900, inner ] had been known as the ],<ref>The London Encyclopaedia, 1983, by Weinreb and Hibbert. The Encyclopaedia describes how the creation of the Tower Division, aka Tower Hamlets, made East London a distinct military unit</ref> an area which owed military service to the ]. The (originally whitewashed) ] was used as insignia for the area, for instance on cap badges of local units of the army. | |||
| * In recognition of the ] of the ] which was raised in ] in 1915 and saw extensive action and heavy losses on the ] in the ]. The Battalion was formed from volunteers from ] and ] generally. Their ] was "Up the Hammers". The cap badge of the ] was the castle and key of Gibraltar, though the unit made an unsuccessful request to the ] that crossed hammers could be used instead.<ref>"Up the Hammers" The West Ham Battalion in the Great War 1914–1918, by Elliot Taylor andBarney Alston.</ref> | |||
| * The adoption (in 1904) of Boleyn Castle FC<ref>{{Cite book |last=Colm Kerrigan |url=http://www.eastlondonhistory.com/hilsdon.htm |title="Gatling Gun" George Hildson |publisher=Football Lives |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-9530718-0-7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013213249/http://eastlondonhistory.com/hilsdon.htm |archive-date=13 October 2007}}</ref> as the club's reserve side when they took over their grounds on the site. | |||
| ===Shield=== | |||
| A shield has been used in many iterations of the club badge, and the shape of the 2016 version matches the cross-section on the hull of ], the most famous ship built by the Thames Ironworks.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hopps |first=Kat |date=14 December 2015 |title=How a new West Ham United crest is keeping strong links between the football club and HMS Warrior |url=https://www.newhamrecorder.co.uk/news/heritage/how-a-new-west-ham-united-crest-is-keeping-strong-links-between-the-football-club-and-hms-warrior-1-4346169 |access-date=19 July 2020 |website=Newham Recorder |archive-date=22 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022211020/https://www.newhamrecorder.co.uk/news/heritage/how-a-new-west-ham-united-crest-is-keeping-strong-links-between-the-football-club-and-hms-warrior-1-4346169 }}</ref> However examining draughtsman's diagrams<ref>Draughtsman's diagram of the hull of the warrior https://d32ptomnhiuevv.cloudfront.net/en-gb/sites/default/files/product_jackets/Haynes-H6106-page-5_0.jpg {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180410072942/https://d32ptomnhiuevv.cloudfront.net/en-gb/sites/default/files/product_jackets/Haynes-H6106-page-5_0.jpg |date=10 April 2018 }}</ref> of the ship casts doubt on the resemblance between the shield and the ship. | |||
| ===Iterations=== | |||
| The crest was redesigned and updated in the late 1990s, featuring a wider yellow castle with fewer cruciform "windows" along with the peaked roofs being removed; the tops of the towers had previously made the castle appear more akin to ]'s Sleeping Beauty's Castle than a functioning fortress. The designer also altered other details to give a more substantial feel to the iconography.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham |url=http://premierskills.britishcouncil.org/the-clubs/west-ham |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100405014018/http://premierskills.britishcouncil.org/the-clubs/west-ham |archive-date=5 April 2010 |access-date=3 October 2013 |publisher=premierskills}}</ref> | |||
| When the club rebuilt the west stand of the ] (construction finished 2001–02) the "castle" from the redesigned badge was incorporated into the structure at the main entrance to the ground. A pair of towers were prominent features of the ground's appearance, both bearing large club badges.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham |url=http://www.footballbadgesguide.com/West%20Ham.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004212837/http://www.footballbadgesguide.com/West%20Ham.html |archive-date=4 October 2013 |access-date=3 October 2013 |publisher=Footballbadgesguide}}</ref> | |||
| A new badge was introduced following the end of the ], when the club moved into the ].<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 July 2014 |title=West Ham: Hammers fans vote in favour of new club crest |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/28261889 |access-date=17 July 2014}}</ref> It removes the Boleyn Castle due to the club moving away, leaving just the crossed hammers, which the club says is inspired by the crest before and during the career of ]. The word "London" was introduced below to "establish the club firmly on the international stage", and the more minimalist approach is to give a "strong statement that is instantly West Ham United". The shape of the crest is that of the ] of {{HMS|Warrior|1860|6}}, the first ] in the ], which was built by ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=We will always be West Ham United |url=http://www.whufc.com/staticFiles/c2/c2/0,,12562~180930,00.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726193724/http://www.whufc.com/staticFiles/c2/c2/0%2C%2C12562~180930%2C00.pdf |archive-date=26 July 2014 |access-date=19 July 2014 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | |||
| ==Colours== | |||
| {{Commons|West Ham United F.C. kits}} | |||
| The original colours of the team were dark blue, due to ] chairman ] being a former student of Oxford University (see ]). However, the team used a variety of kits including the claret and sky blue house colours of Thames Ironworks, as well as sky blue or white kit.<ref>{{Cite web |last=kitclassics.co.uk |title=West Ham kits since inception I |url=http://www.kitclassics.co.uk/kits/westham.gif |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625144306/http://www.kitclassics.co.uk/kits/westham.gif |archive-date=25 June 2008 |access-date=15 August 2009 |publisher=Various sources, image of kits}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dave Moor |title=West Ham kits since inception II |url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/West_Ham_United/West_Ham_United.htm |access-date=15 August 2009 |publisher=Various sources, images of kits}}</ref> | |||
| The Irons permanently adopted claret and blue for home colours in 1903.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Marsh |first=Steve |title=Playing Kit: West Ham United 1900 to 1999 |url=http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/playing-kit-1900-1999/4547927422 |access-date=22 January 2018 |website=theyflysohigh.co.uk}}</ref> | |||
| One story suggests that ] right-half ] received the ] kit from William Belton, who was a professional sprinter of national repute, as well as being involved with the coaching at Thames Ironworks. Belton had been at a fair in ], close to ], the home ground of Aston Villa and was challenged to a race against four Villa players, who wagered money that one of them would win. Belton defeated them and, when they were unable to pay the bet, one of the Villa players who was responsible for washing the team's kit offered a complete team's "football kits" to Belton in payment. The Aston Villa player subsequently reported to his club that the kit was "missing".{{sfn|Belton|2006|pages=2–4}} This, however, is often disputed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Marsh |first=Steve |title=Myths and Legends |url=http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/myths-and-legends/4593203735 |access-date=16 December 2018 |website=theyflysohigh.co.uk}}</ref> | |||
| Thames Ironworks, and later West Ham United, retained the claret yoke/blue sleeves design, but also continued to use their previously favoured colours for their away kits. | |||
| ==Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries== | ==Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries== | ||
| ===Supporters=== | ===Supporters=== | ||
| {{Main |
{{Main|West Ham United F.C. supporters}} | ||
| {{rquote|right| | {{rquote|right| | ||
| ''I'm forever blowing bubbles, <br/> | <nowiki/>''I'm forever blowing bubbles'', <br /> | ||
| ''Pretty bubbles in the air.''<br /> | ''Pretty bubbles in the air.''<br /> | ||
| ''They fly so high, nearly reach the sky,''<br /> | ''They fly so high, nearly reach the sky,''<br /> | ||
| Line 206: | Line 241: | ||
| ''I've looked everywhere ...''<br /> | ''I've looked everywhere ...''<br /> | ||
| ''I'm forever blowing bubbles,''<br /> | ''I'm forever blowing bubbles,''<br /> | ||
| ''pretty bubbles in the air.''|original lyrics to "Bubbles"| from John Helliar<ref name="Bubbles2"/>}} | ''pretty bubbles in the air.''<nowiki/>|original lyrics to "Bubbles"| from John Helliar<ref name="Bubbles2" />}} | ||
| The team's supporters are famous for their rendition of the chorus of their team's anthem, "]" introduced to the club by former manager Charlie Paynter in the late 1920s. A ] commercial featuring the curly haired child in the ]' "]" was well known at the time. The child resembled a player, Billy J. "Bubbles" Murray, from local schoolboy team, Park School, where the headmaster was Cornelius Beal. Beal was known locally for his music and rhyme and wrote special words to the tune of "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" whenever any player was having a good game.<ref name="Bubbles1">{{ |
The team's supporters are famous for their rendition of the chorus of their team's anthem, "]" introduced to the club by former manager Charlie Paynter in the late 1920s. A ] commercial featuring the curly haired child in the ]' "]" was well known at the time. The child resembled a player, Billy J. "Bubbles" Murray, from local schoolboy team, Park School, where the headmaster was Cornelius Beal. Beal was known locally for his music and rhyme and wrote special words to the tune of "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" whenever any player was having a good game.<ref name="Bubbles1">{{Cite web |last=John Helliar |title=The Story of Bubbles |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20071017/the-story-of-bubbles_2240257_1193983 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528221016/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20071017/the-story-of-bubbles_2240257_1193983 |archive-date=28 May 2010 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | ||
| Beal was a friend of Paynter, while Murray was a West Ham trialist and played football at schoolboy level with a number of West Ham players such as ]. Through this contrivance of association the club's fans took it upon themselves to begin singing the popular music hall tune before home games, sometimes reinforced by the presence of a house band requested to play the refrain by Charlie Paynter.<ref name="Bubbles2">{{ |
Beal was a friend of Paynter, while Murray was a West Ham trialist and played football at schoolboy level with a number of West Ham players such as ]. Through this contrivance of association the club's fans took it upon themselves to begin singing the popular music hall tune before home games, sometimes reinforced by the presence of a house band requested to play the refrain by Charlie Paynter.<ref name="Bubbles2">{{Cite web |last=John Helliar |title=The Story of Bubbles |url=http://www.whufc.com/claret/?page_id=3595 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060218021240/http://www.whufc.com/claret/?page_id=3595 |archive-date=18 February 2006 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | ||
| The ] version – which contains the original lyrics, and features vocals from the team's then-current players – is always played before home games, with the home crowd joining in and carrying the song on after the music stops at the verse line "Fortune's always hiding".<ref name="ifbb">{{Cite web |title=Blowing Bubbles@Upton park WHUFC-Chelski | date=4 January 2010 |url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdFnUy0k7Js |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/wdFnUy0k7Js| archive-date=11 December 2021 |url-status=live|access-date=8 October 2013 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Bubbles was published as a waltz whereas during the game the crowd sing it in ].<ref name=ifbb/><ref>{{Cite news |last=Sudhalter, Richard M |title=Lost Chords |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/s/sudhalter-chords.html |access-date=8 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| There is a slight change to the lyrics sung by the Upton Park faithful. The second line's ''"nearly reach the sky"'' is changed to ''"they reach the sky"'', ''"Then like my dreams"'' is also changed to ''"And like my dreams"''. In addition the fans begin a chant of ''"United, United!"'' to cap it off.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20071017/the-story-of-bubbles_2240257_1193983|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528221016/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20071017/the-story-of-bubbles_2240257_1193983|dead-url=yes|archive-date=28 May 2010|publisher=West Ham United |title=The story of Bubbles|accessdate=7 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| Since the 1950s, fans have also sung the ] ] ]. The song title is also the name of an ] related to the club.<ref>{{Cite web |title=>Knees up Mother Brown - West Ham United FC Online: FAQ |url=https://www.kumb.com/faq.php |website=Kumb.com}}</ref> | |||
| {{rquote|right| | |||
| ''Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue, <br/> | |||
| ''Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue,<br/> | |||
| ''When the Hammers are scoring, and the South Bank are roaring,<br/> | |||
| ''And the money is pouring, for the Claret and Blue,<br/> | |||
| ''Claret and Blue,<br/> | |||
| ''No relegation for the Claret and Blue,<br/> | |||
| ''Just celebration for the Claret and Blue,<br/> | |||
| ''One day we'll win a cup or two, or three,<br/> | |||
| ''Or four or more, for West Ham and the Claret and Blue. | |||
| |Supporters song to the tune of ]|circa 1960<ref name="Cassell">{{Cite book | title=The Cassell Soccer Companion | pages=343–344| publisher=Cassell | author=David Pickering}}</ref>}} | |||
| The ] version – which contains the original lyrics, and features vocals from the team's then-current players – is always played before home games, with the home crowd joining in and carrying the song on after the music stops at the verse line "Fortune's always hiding".<ref name="ifbb">{{cite web | url=//www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdFnUy0k7Js | title=Blowing Bubbles@Upton park WHUFC-Chelski | publisher=www.youtube.com | accessdate=8 October 2013}}</ref> Bubbles was published as a waltz whereas during the game the crowd sing it in ].<ref name=ifbb/><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/s/sudhalter-chords.html | title=Lost Chords | work=www.nytimes.com | accessdate=8 October 2013 | author=Sudhalter, Richard M}}</ref> | |||
| Like other teams, the team also have a history of adopting or adapting popular songs of the day to fit particular events, themes, players or personas. These have included serious renditions of theatre and movie classics such as "] |
Like other teams, the team also have a history of adopting or adapting popular songs of the day to fit particular events, themes, players or personas. These have included serious renditions of theatre and movie classics such as "]", along with more ]-laden or humorous efforts, such as chanting former player ]'s name to the ] "]" by ],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Oakley, Chris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=46kADtKInKAC&pg=PA109 |title=Football Delirium |publisher=Karnac Books |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-78049-488-3 |access-date=8 October 2013}}</ref> or D.I. Canio to the tune of ]'s "]", or the chant of "Who Let The Potts Out?" to the tune of ]'s "]" when ] could be seen warming up to come on as substitute late on in his career, or "That's Zamora" to the tune of ]'s 1953 "]" in honour of former striker ]. Other former players to be serenaded include ] with vastly-altered lyrics to ]'s "]",<ref>{{Cite web |title="Oh Christian Dailly" lyrics |url=http://fanchants.com/football-songs/west_ham-chants/christian-dailly/ |publisher=fanchants.com |access-date=29 January 2011 |archive-date=31 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110131141311/http://fanchants.com/football-songs/west_ham-chants/christian-dailly/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ] and ] with ]'s "]" song title sung as "Cole"<ref>{{Cite news |last=de Lisle, Tim |date=28 November 2005 |title=R Kelly sings the Blues |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2005/nov/28/sport.arts |access-date=8 October 2013}}</ref> and ]. A song for West Ham favourite ], "Viva Bobby Moore", is also sung based on ]'s "]" rendition of the song, based on ]' 1969 release "Viva Bobby Joe".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bobby Moore Lyrics |url=http://www.metrolyrics.com/bobby-moore-lyrics-the-business.html |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202121720/http://www.metrolyrics.com/bobby-moore-lyrics-the-business.html |archive-date=2 February 2014 |access-date=8 October 2013 |publisher=metrolyrics.com}}</ref> In 2016, supporters adapted the lyrics of ]' "]" in honour of ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mitten |first=Andy |date=14 March 2016 |title=He does flicks and tricks, tackles and scores: West Ham's Dimitri Payet 'does everything' |url=http://www.thenational.ae/sport/football/he-does-flicks-and-tricks-tackles-and-scores-west-hams-dimitri-payet-does-everything |access-date=15 April 2016 |website=The National}}</ref>{{rquote|right| | ||
| <nowiki/>''Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue,'' <br /> | |||
| ''Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue,''<br /> | |||
| ''When the Hammers are scoring, and the South Bank are roaring,''<br /> | |||
| ''And the money is pouring, for the Claret and Blue,''<br /> | |||
| ''Claret and Blue,''<br /> | |||
| ''No relegation for the Claret and Blue,''<br /> | |||
| ''Just celebration for the Claret and Blue,''<br /> | |||
| ''One day we'll win a cup or two, or three,''<br /> | |||
| ''Or four or more, for West Ham and the Claret and Blue.'' | |||
| |Supporters song to the tune of ]|circa 1960<ref name="Cassell">{{Cite book |last=David Pickering |title=The Cassell Soccer Companion |publisher=Cassell |pages=343–344}}</ref>}} | |||
| When the players come onto the pitch, and at other times of celebration, as the song ''I'm forever blowing bubbles'' is being sung, around 60 bubble machines produce copious bubbles that rise high into the stadium.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://meninblazers.com/2017/09/22/bubbles/|title=JW Goes Behind the Bubbles at West Ham United with "Mickey Bubbles"|first=Men In|last=Blazers|website=Men in Blazers|date=30 September 2017 }}</ref> | |||
| Fans gained national attention after giving a torrid time to ] in his first away match of 1998–99 the season after the England midfielder was sent off for a petulant foul on ].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sport/football/fa_carling_premiership/156542.stm |title=Beckham runs gauntlet at West Ham |publisher=BBC Sport | date=29 August 1998 | accessdate=6 April 2010}}</ref> Coinciding with the game, there were claims (and an image taken) that fans, organised by a hardcore, had hung an effigy of the player outside a local pub. Although it was later revealed that the pub was in ], the heartland of West Ham's greatest rivals ]. The West Ham fans did, however, boo Beckham's every touch of the ball during the game.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/soccer/world/events/1998/worldcup/news/1998/07/14/beckham_safety/|title=Beckham still subject of fans' ire | publisher=CNN – Sports Illustrated | date=19 September 1998}}</ref> | |||
| Fans gained national attention after giving a torrid time to ] in his first away match of 1998–99 the season after the England midfielder was sent off for a petulant foul on ].<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 August 1998 |title=Beckham runs gauntlet at West Ham |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sport/football/fa_carling_premiership/156542.stm |access-date=6 April 2010}}</ref> Coinciding with the game, there were claims (and an image taken) that fans, organised by a hardcore, had hung an effigy of the player outside a local pub. Although it was later revealed that the pub was in ], the heartland of West Ham's greatest rivals ]. The West Ham fans did, however, boo Beckham's every touch of the ball during the game.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 September 1998 |title=Beckham still subject of fans' ire |publisher=CNN – Sports Illustrated |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/soccer/world/events/1998/worldcup/news/1998/07/14/beckham_safety/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020208074750/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/soccer/world/events/1998/worldcup/news/1998/07/14/beckham_safety/|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 February 2002}}</ref> | |||
| They have also displayed a particular zeal when it comes to abusing former players particularly those who are perceived to have abandoned the club |
They have also displayed a particular zeal when it comes to abusing former players, particularly those who are perceived to have abandoned the club or performed some disservice. ],<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 August 2008 |title=West Ham 4–1 Blackburn |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/7578470.stm |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Ogden, Mark |date=30 August 2008 |title=Ince deflects the ire in old role as Upton Park pariah |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/aug/30/premierleague.westhamunited |access-date=5 October 2013}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ben Lupton |title=Practice Makes Perfect |url=http://www.britishcouncil.org/japan-sport-footballculture-players-lampard.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224030423/http://www.britishcouncil.org/japan-sport-footballculture-players-lampard.htm |archive-date=24 December 2007 |publisher=British Council}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Winter |first=Henry |date=5 March 2007 |title=West Ham stunned by Stalteri strike |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=/sport/2007/03/05/sfgwes05.xml |access-date=6 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306221839/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fsport%2F2007%2F03%2F05%2Fsfgwes05.xml |archive-date=6 March 2007}}</ref> ]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lucas |first=Damien |date=3 March 2017 |title=Nigel Reo-Coker concedes he learned to appreciate West Ham the hard way |url=https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2017/03/02/nigel-reo-coker-concedes-he-learned-to-appreciate-west-ham-the-h/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229003431/https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2017/03/02/nigel-reo-coker-concedes-he-learned-to-appreciate-west-ham-the-h/ |archive-date=29 December 2019 |access-date=29 December 2019 |website=HITC}}</ref> and ]<ref name="Fordham 2022">{{cite web | last=Fordham | first=Josh | title=West Ham fans throw fake money at Jesse Lingard after snubbed summer transfer | website=talkSPORT | date=14 August 2022 | url=https://talksport.com/football/1170647/west-ham-fans-jesse-lingard-nottingham-forest-fake-money/ | access-date=16 August 2022}}</ref> have famously borne the brunt of verbal assaults and a guaranteed hostile reception at Upton Park. However, players such as Joe Cole, ], ], Bobby Zamora and ] receive applause and even standing ovations in honour of their contributions during their time at the club. Joe Cole subsequently rejoined West Ham from Liverpool midway through the 2012–13 season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 January 2013 |title=Cole comes home |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130104/cole-comes-home_2236884_3027456 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105191515/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130104/cole-comes-home_2236884_3027456 |archive-date=5 January 2013 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> | ||
| ] match in 1933]] | ] match in 1933]] | ||
| ===Hooliganism=== | ===Hooliganism=== | ||
| The origins of West Ham's links with ] starts in the 1960s with the establishment of The ] Mob (named after an area of the East End of London).<ref>{{ |
The origins of West Ham's links with ] starts in the 1960s with the establishment of The ] Mob (named after an area of the East End of London).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Want Some Aggro? |url=http://www.casspennant.com/book-aggro.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314024542/http://www.casspennant.com/book-aggro.shtml |archive-date=14 March 2010 |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=casspennant.com }}</ref> During the 1970s and 1980s (the main era for organised football-related violence), West Ham gained further notoriety for the levels of hooliganism in their fan base and antagonistic behaviour towards both their own and rival fans, and the police. During the 1970s in particular, rival groups of West Ham fans from neighbouring areas often did battle with each other at games, most often groups from the neighbouring districts of ] and ].<ref name="CassPennant">{{Cite web |title=CONFESSIONS OF A TERRACE LEGEND The fights, the politics, the rival firms: Cass Pennant, notorious founder member of West Ham's InterCity Firm, recalls hooliganism's heyday. |url=http://www.casspennant.com/news.php?8 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314030123/http://www.casspennant.com/news.php?8 |archive-date=14 March 2010 |access-date=7 October 2013 |publisher=CassPennant}}</ref> | ||
| During the 1970s and '80s (the main era for organised football-related violence), West Ham gained further notoriety for the levels of hooliganism in their fan base and antagonistic behaviour towards both their own and rival fans, and the police. During the '70s in particular, rival groups of West Ham fans from neighbouring areas often did battle with each other at games, most often groups from the neighbouring districts of ] and ].<ref name="CassPennant">{{cite web|title=CONFESSIONS OF A TERRACE LEGEND The fights, the politics, the rival firms: Cass Pennant, notorious founder member of West Ham's InterCity Firm, recalls hooliganism's heyday.|url=http://www.casspennant.com/news.php?8|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314030123/http://www.casspennant.com:80/news.php?8|dead-url=yes|archive-date=14 March 2010|publisher=CassPennant|accessdate=7 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| The ] were one of the first "]", so called because they avoided police supervision by not wearing football-related clothing and travelled to away matches on regular ] trains, rather than on the cheap and more tightly policed "football special" charter trains. The group were an infamous West Ham-aligned gang. As the firm's moniker "inter city" suggests violent activities were not confined to local derbies – the hooligans were content to cause trouble at any game, though nearby teams often bore the brunt.<ref name="CassPennant"/> | The ] were one of the first "]", so called because they avoided police supervision by not wearing football-related clothing and travelled to away matches on regular ] trains, rather than on the cheap and more tightly policed "football special" charter trains. The group were an infamous West Ham-aligned gang. As the firm's moniker "inter city" suggests violent activities were not confined to local derbies – the hooligans were content to cause trouble at any game, though nearby teams often bore the brunt.<ref name="CassPennant" /> | ||
| The |
Both the 1989 film '']'' (starring ]),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gant |first=Charles |date=30 August 2009 |title=Football hooliganism: how 1980s man got his kicks |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/aug/30/football-hooliganism-the-firm |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> and the 2005 film '']'' (starring ] and ]) are based upon West Ham hooligan firms.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hann |first=Michael |date=24 March 2014 |title=My guilty pleasure: Green Street |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2014/mar/24/my-guilty-pleasure-green-street |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=The Guardian}}</ref> | ||
| ===Rivalries=== | ===Rivalries=== | ||
| {{See also|Millwall F.C.–West Ham United F.C. rivalry|London derby|East London derby}} | {{See also|Millwall F.C.–West Ham United F.C. rivalry|London derby|East London derby}} | ||
| West Ham have strong rivalries with several other clubs. Most of these are with other London clubs, especially with |
West Ham have strong rivalries with several other clubs. Most of these are with other London clubs, especially with ] in an East versus North London derby<ref name="localrivals">{{Cite news |last=Hytner |first=David |date=31 August 2011 |title=Scott Parker completes m switch to Tottenham from West Ham |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/aug/31/tottenham-west-ham-scott-parker |access-date=13 November 2011}}</ref> and with ] in an East versus West London rivalry. The rivalry between West Ham and Tottenham has been fuelled by players such as ], ], ], ] and ] leaving the Hammers to join Tottenham. The rivalry deepened with the appointment of former Hammers manager ] as Tottenham's manager.<ref name="bung">{{Cite news |last=Ley |first=John |date=7 December 2008 |title=Give Harry Redknapp due respect, Frank Lampard Sr tells West Ham fans |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/3660235/Give-Harry-Redknapp-due-respect-Frank-Lampard-Sr-tells-West-Ham-fans-Football.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/premier-league/3660235/Give-Harry-Redknapp-due-respect-Frank-Lampard-Sr-tells-West-Ham-fans-Football.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=13 November 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Since the ], West Ham have developed a strong rivalry with ] club ] due to the dubious circumstances surrounding the transfer of ], who helped West Ham avoid relegation at Sheffield United's expense.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Neil McLeman |date=19 August 2012 |title=West Ham still owe Sheffield United more than m over Carlos Tevez fiasco |work=Daily Mirror |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/west-ham-still-owe-sheffield-1269811 |access-date=3 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Fox |first=Norman |date=31 January 2005 |title=Jagielka intensifies bitter rivalry to raise pressure on Pardew |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/football-league/jagielka-intensifies-bitter-rivalry-to-raise-pressure-on-pardew-6153527.html |access-date=3 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226174931/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/football-league/jagielka-intensifies-bitter-rivalry-to-raise-pressure-on-pardew-6153527.html |archive-date=26 February 2014}}</ref> | ||
| {{multiple image | {{multiple image | ||
| | footer = The "Champions" statue, of ], with the ], ], ] and ], boarded-up for protection before the visits of ] on 25 August 2009 and ] in March 2016 | | footer = The "Champions" statue, of ], with the ], ], ] and ], boarded-up for protection before the visits of ] on 25 August 2009 and ] in March 2016 | ||
| | image1 = WestHamChampionsStatueMillWall.JPG | | image1 = WestHamChampionsStatueMillWall.JPG | ||
| | width1 = {{#expr: ( |
| width1 = {{#expr: (100 * 400 / 275) round 0}} | ||
| | alt1 = Champions statue boarded up for Millwall visit | | alt1 = Champions statue boarded up for Millwall visit | ||
| | image2 = World Cup Sculpture boarded 2016.JPG | | image2 = World Cup Sculpture boarded 2016.JPG | ||
| | width2 = {{#expr: ( |
| width2 = {{#expr: (100 * 960 / 379) round 0}} | ||
| | alt2 = Champions statue boarded up for Tottenham visit | | alt2 = Champions statue boarded up for Tottenham visit | ||
| }} | }} | ||
| The oldest and fiercest ] is with ]. The two sides are local rivals, having both |
The oldest and fiercest ] is with ]. The two sides are local rivals, having both been founded by employees of local companies, with players living in the same localities. The early history of both clubs are intertwined, with West Ham proving to be the more successful in a number of meetings between the two teams at the time, resulting in West Ham being promoted at the expense of Millwall. Millwall later declined to join the fledgling ] while West Ham went on to the top division and an FA Cup final. Later in the 1920s, the rivalry was intensified during strike action which ]-based companies (i.e., Millwall fans) refused to support, breeding ill will between the two camps, the bitterness of this betrayal enduring for years. In 1972, a Millwall supporter died at New Cross station after falling out of a train during a fight with West Ham fans.<ref name="Rivalry1">{{Cite news |last=Green |first=Chris |date=27 August 2009 |title=A rivalry that dates back to the heyday of British shipbuilding |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/a-rivalry-that-dates-back-to-the-heyday-of-british-shipbuilding-1777732.html |access-date=26 June 2011}}</ref> | ||
| <ref name=Rivalry1>{{cite news|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/a-rivalry-that-dates-back-to-the-heyday-of-british-shipbuilding-1777732.html |title=A rivalry that dates back to the heyday of British shipbuilding |work=The Independent |location=London |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=26 June 2011 | first=Chris | last=Green}}</ref> | |||
| The rivalry between West Ham and Millwall has involved considerable violence and is one of the most notorious within the world of ]. The teams were drawn against each other in the second round of the ] and met on 25 August 2009 at Upton Park. This was the first time in four years that the two clubs had played each other, and the first ever in the League Cup. ] between fans occurred outside the ground, resulting in violence erupting up to half a mile away from the stadium, with serious injuries, |
The rivalry between West Ham and Millwall has involved considerable violence and is one of the most notorious within the world of ]. The teams were drawn against each other in the second round of the ] and met on 25 August 2009 at Upton Park. This was the first time in four years that the two clubs had played each other, and the first ever in the League Cup. ] between fans occurred outside the ground, resulting in violence erupting up to half a mile away from the stadium, with serious injuries, including the stabbing of a Millwall supporter, damage to property and several arrests reported by police. There were also several pitch invasions by West Ham supporters which brought a temporary halt to the game.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 August 2009 |title=Violence erupts at London derby |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/london/8221451.stm |access-date=25 August 2009}}</ref> In January 2010, West Ham were fined after being found guilty of violent, threatening, obscene and provocative behaviour and of failing to prevent their fans entering the field of play. Millwall were cleared of all charges.<ref>{{Cite news |date=15 January 2010 |title=West Ham fined £115,000 over violence against Millwall |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/8443013.stm |access-date=2 February 2010}}</ref> | ||
| ==Nicknames== | ===Nicknames=== | ||
| The team and supporters are known as The Hammers, in part because of the club's origins as Thames Ironworks.<ref name=Nick>{{ |
The team and supporters are known as The Hammers, in part because of the club's origins as Thames Ironworks.<ref name="Nick">{{Cite web |date=8 June 2011 |title=West Ham United |url=http://thebeautifulhistory.wordpress.com/clubs/west-ham-united/ |access-date=19 July 2011 |publisher=The beautifulhistory.wordpress.com}}</ref> They are also known as The Irons.<ref name=Nick/> | ||
| ==Stadium== | ==Stadium== | ||
| {{See also|Memorial Grounds|Boleyn Ground|Olympic Stadium (London)|l3=London Stadium}} | {{See also|Memorial Grounds|Boleyn Ground|Olympic Stadium (London)|l3=London Stadium}} | ||
| ] | ] in 2016]] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] enter the pitch for first ever football game at ]]] | |||
| Until 2016, West Ham were based at the ], commonly known as Upton Park, in ], East London. The capacity of the Boleyn Ground was 35,016,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{ |
Until 2016, West Ham were based at the ], commonly known as Upton Park, in ], East London. The capacity of the Boleyn Ground was 35,016,<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |title=Stadium Information |url=http://www.whufc.com/page/StadiumInformation/0,,12562,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110235510/http://www.whufc.com/page/StadiumInformation/0%2C%2C12562%2C00.html |archive-date=10 November 2007 |access-date=29 April 2010 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> and had been West Ham's ground since 1904. Prior to this, in their previous incarnation of ], they played at ] in ] and briefly at ] in ], before moving to the ] in ] in 1897. They retained the stadium during their transition to becoming West Ham United and were there for a further four seasons before moving to the Boleyn Ground in 1904. | ||
| Former chairman ] made clear his ambition for West Ham to move to the ] after the ], a desire reiterated by current chairmen Gold and Sullivan when they assumed control of the club stating that they felt it was a logical move for the |
Former chairman ] made clear his ambition for West Ham to move to the ] after the ], a desire reiterated by current chairmen Gold and Sullivan when they assumed control of the club stating that they felt it was a logical move for the government as it was in the borough of Newham. | ||
| In February 2010, however, the British Olympic Minister stated that West Ham would not get the stadium, and it would instead be used for track and field.<ref>{{Cite news|url= |
In February 2010, however, the British Olympic Minister stated that West Ham would not get the stadium, and it would instead be used for track and field.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wilson |first=Steve |date=19 January 2010 |title=David Sullivan admits West Ham buy-out 'makes no commercial sense' |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/west-ham/7027066/David-Sullivan-admits-West-Ham-buy-out-makes-no-commercial-sense.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/west-ham/7027066/David-Sullivan-admits-West-Ham-buy-out-makes-no-commercial-sense.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=6 April 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref> On 17 May 2010, West Ham and ] submitted a formal plan to the Olympic Park Legacy Company for the use of the Olympic Stadium following the ]. The proposal was for a stadium with a capacity of 60,000 which would retain a competition athletics track. The proposal was welcomed by the chairman of UK athletics, Ed Warner, who said, "I think it will feel great as a football stadium and I speak as a football fan as well the chairman of UK Athletics. I think you'd find West Ham would cover the track in the winter season so it wouldn't look like you had a track between you and the pitch."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Olympic Stadium proposal submitted |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100517/olympic-stadium-proposal-submitted_2236884_2053629 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100519131459/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100517/olympic-stadium-proposal-submitted_2236884_2053629 |archive-date=19 May 2010 |access-date=18 May 2010 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=9 May 2010 |title=UK Athletics boss Ed Warner boosts West Ham's 2012 plan |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/olympic_games/8670638.stm |access-date=18 May 2010}}</ref> | ||
| On 30 September 2010, the club formally submitted its bid for the Olympic Stadium with a presentation at ],<ref>{{ |
On 30 September 2010, the club formally submitted its bid for the Olympic Stadium with a presentation at ],<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2010 |title=Official Olympic Stadium bid. |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100930/hammers-at-no10_2236884_2170275 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101002041608/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100930/hammers-at-no10_2236884_2170275 |archive-date=2 October 2010 |access-date=2 October 2010 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> and on 8 October 2010 the world's largest live entertainment company, ], endorsed the club's Olympic Stadium plans.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2010 |title=Live Nation back hammers bid. |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20101008/live-nation-back-hammers-bid_2236884_2178677 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010034538/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20101008/live-nation-back-hammers-bid_2236884_2178677 |archive-date=10 October 2010 |access-date=9 October 2010 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> Three days after Live Nation's backing, ] confirmed its formal support for West Ham United and Newham Council in their joint bid to take over the Olympic Stadium in legacy mode.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2010 |title=UK Athletics back the Hammers |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20101011/uk-athletics-back-the-hammers_2236884_2180792 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101014152958/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20101011/uk-athletics-back-the-hammers_2236884_2180792 |archive-date=14 October 2010 |access-date=11 October 2010 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> In November 2010, West Ham began a search for potential developers for "informal discussions" about what would happen to the ground if it were to win its bid to take over the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. According to the club, the site could be vacated and open to redevelopment by summer 2014.<ref name="Redevelop">{{Cite news |date=19 November 2010 |title=West Ham kicks off Upton Park developer search |publisher=propertyweek.com |url=http://www.propertyweek.com/west-ham-kicks-off-upton-park-developer-search/5009351.article |access-date=20 November 2010}}</ref> On 11 February 2011, the Olympic Park Legacy Committee selected West Ham as the preferred club to move into the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham working with Populous on designs for Olympic Stadium after London 2012 |date=17 February 2011 |url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/summer-olympics/2012/11979-west-ham-working-with-populous-on-designs-for-olympic-stadium-after-london-2012 |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=Inside the games}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham must guarantee to keep running track warns Olympics Minister |date=12 February 2011 |url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/summer-olympics/2012/11939-west-ham-must-guarantee-to-keep-running-track-warns-olympics-minister |access-date=4 October 2013 |publisher=Inside the games}}</ref> | ||
| |publisher=propertyweek.com |date=19 November 2010 |accessdate=20 November 2010}}</ref> On 11 February 2011, the Olympic Park Legacy Committee selected West Ham as the preferred club to move into the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games.<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham working with Populous on designs for Olympic Stadium after London 2012|url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/summer-olympics/2012/11979-west-ham-working-with-populous-on-designs-for-olympic-stadium-after-london-2012|publisher=Inside the games|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham must guarantee to keep running track warns Olympics Minister|url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/summer-olympics/2012/11939-west-ham-must-guarantee-to-keep-running-track-warns-olympics-minister|publisher=Inside the games|accessdate=4 October 2013}}</ref> | |||
| The decision in favour of West Ham's bid was unanimous,<ref>{{ |
The decision in favour of West Ham's bid was unanimous,<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 February 2011 |title=West Ham chosen as preferred Olympic Stadium tenant |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-12424549 |access-date=11 February 2011}}</ref> although controversial as local Premier League rivals Tottenham Hotspur had also been bidding for the venue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spurs ready for legal battle as West Ham win Olympic stadium bid |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-olympics/article-23922167-spurs-ready-for-legal-battle-as-west-ham-win-olympic-stadium-bid.do |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110212153349/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-olympics/article-23922167-spurs-ready-for-legal-battle-as-west-ham-win-olympic-stadium-bid.do |archive-date=12 February 2011 |access-date=6 August 2011 |website=London Evening Standard}}</ref> Hopes of moving to the stadium, however, were since placed under doubt following a legal challenge by Tottenham and ], with Leyton Orient{{snd}}a perennial (since 1980) ] to ] club{{snd}}fearful that having West Ham playing less than a mile away from their ] could steal support from the club and put them out of business.<ref>{{Cite news |date=14 April 2011 |title=Leyton Orient in 2012 Olympic stadium High Court action |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-13082972 |access-date=6 August 2011}}</ref> Both clubs' appeals for a judicial review, however, were rejected on 23 June 2011.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 June 2011 |title=Tottenham fail with appeal over West Ham's use of the Olympic Stadium |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2011/jun/23/tottenham-olympic-stadium-judicial-review}}</ref> On 3 March 2011, West Ham's proposed move to the Olympic Stadium was formally approved by the British government and then-] ]. | ||
| ] in 2016]] | |||
| On 8 June 2011, it was confirmed that the ] had been in detailed talks with West Ham for naming rights of the new Olympic stadium which could be called the Westfield Stadium.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2011/06/06/westfield-to-sponsor-west-ham-olympic-stadium |title=Westfield to sponsor West Ham Olympic stadium |publisher=construction enquirer |date= 8 June 2011}}</ref> West Ham announced plans to move from the Boleyn Ground from the 2014–15 season.<ref name=Stratford>{{cite news|title=West Ham to call 2012 stadium home after Games|url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-olympics/article-23980097-west-ham-to-call-2012-stadium-home-after-games.do|accessdate=22 August 2011|newspaper=London Evening Standard|date=22 August 2011}}{{dead link|date=January 2017}}</ref> In August 2011, an independent investigation initiated by the Olympic Park Legacy Company upheld the decision to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games.<ref>{{cite news|title=Independent inquiry into Olympic Stadium decision clears West Ham|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2011/aug/23/inquiry-olympic-stadium-west-ham|newspaper=The Guardian|date=23 August 2011}}</ref> On 29 June 2011, however, Tottenham announced that they were returning to the High Court again to fight the decision to award West Ham the stadium, in an oral hearing, to try and overturn the original high court appeal being rejected.<ref>{{cite news|title=Spurs return to High Court over Olympic Stadium verdict|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/13964363|newspaper=BBC|date=29 June 2011}}</ref> On 25 August 2011, Tottenham and Leyton Orient were in fact granted a judicial review by the High Court into the Olympic Stadium bidding process.<ref>{{cite news|title=Spurs win Olympic review|url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11675/7122003/spurs-win-olympic-review|newspaper=Sky Sports|date=25 August 2011}}</ref> On 11 October 2011, the deal to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium collapsed over concerns of legal pressure, with the government deciding that the stadium will stay in public ownership.<ref>{{cite news|title=London 2012: West Ham Olympic Stadium deal collapses|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15251893|newspaper=BBC|date=11 October 2011}}</ref> Six days later, Tottenham and Leyton Orient announced they had ended their legal challenge after the deal collapsed.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tottenham Hotspur ends 2012 Olympic Stadium legal bid|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-15344523|newspaper=BBC|date=17 October 2011}}</ref> | |||
| ] enter the pitch for first ever game at the ]]] | |||
| Once the original deal collapsed, a new process to select a tenant was begun. West Ham immediately announced plans to become tenants of the stadium.<ref name="Brady">{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20111011/west-ham-newham-statement_2236884_2478075 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012233754/http://www.whufc.com:80/articles/20111011/west-ham-newham-statement_2236884_2478075 | dead-url=yes | archive-date=12 October 2011 | title=West Ham – Newham Statement | publisher=West Ham United F.C. | date=11 October 2011 | accessdate=11 October 2011}}</ref> By March 2012, West Ham was one of the four bidders for the Stadium. With a decision due by the Olympic Park Legacy Company in May 2012, Mayor of London Boris Johnson delayed the final selection of future tenants until completion of the 2012 Summer Olympics, stating that it was "overwhelmingly likely" that the tenants would be West Ham.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/olympics/summer-olympics/2012/16335-west-ham-among-four-formal-bidders-for-london-2012-olympic-stadium|title=West Ham among four formal bidders for London 2012 Olympic Stadium|author=David Gold|work=insidethegames.biz – Olympic, Paralympic and Commonwealth Games News|accessdate=12 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=Borisdecides>{{cite news|last=Kelso|first=Paul|title=London 2012 Olympics: West Ham likely to get Olympic Stadium despite delays, says Boris Johnson|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/9271826/London-2012-Olympics-West-Ham-likely-to-get-Olympic-Stadium-despite-delays-says-Boris-Johnson.html|accessdate=11 June 2012|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=17 May 2012}}</ref> | |||
| On 8 June 2011, it was confirmed that the ] had been in detailed talks with West Ham for naming rights of the new Olympic stadium which could be called the Westfield Stadium.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 June 2011 |title=Westfield to sponsor West Ham Olympic stadium |work=Construction Enquirer |url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2011/06/06/westfield-to-sponsor-west-ham-olympic-stadium}}</ref> West Ham announced plans to move from the Boleyn Ground from the 2014–15 season.<ref name="Stratford">{{Cite news |date=22 August 2011 |title=West Ham to call 2012 stadium home after Games |work=London Evening Standard |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-olympics/article-23980097-west-ham-to-call-2012-stadium-home-after-games.do |access-date=22 August 2011}}{{dead link|date=January 2017}}</ref> In August 2011, an independent investigation initiated by the Olympic Park Legacy Company upheld the decision to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 August 2011 |title=Independent inquiry into Olympic Stadium decision clears West Ham |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2011/aug/23/inquiry-olympic-stadium-west-ham}}</ref> On 29 June 2011, however, Tottenham announced that they were returning to the High Court again to fight the decision to award West Ham the stadium, in an oral hearing, to try to overturn the original High Court appeal being rejected.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 June 2011 |title=Spurs return to High Court over Olympic Stadium verdict |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/olympics/13964363}}</ref> On 25 August 2011, Tottenham and Leyton Orient were in fact granted a judicial review by the High Court into the Olympic Stadium bidding process.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 August 2011 |title=Spurs win Olympic review |publisher=Sky Sports |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11675/7122003/spurs-win-olympic-review}}</ref> On 11 October 2011, the deal to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium collapsed over concerns of legal pressure, with the government deciding that the stadium will stay in public ownership.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 October 2011 |title=London 2012: West Ham Olympic Stadium deal collapses |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15251893}}</ref> Six days later, Tottenham and Leyton Orient announced they had ended their legal challenge after the deal collapsed.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 October 2011 |title=Tottenham Hotspur ends 2012 Olympic Stadium legal bid |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-15344523}}</ref> | |||
| It was announced on 22 March 2013 that West Ham had signed a 99-year lease for the Olympic Stadium after the government agreed to put in an extra million towards the costs of converting the site. The club's plan was to move into the stadium prior to the start of the ].<ref>{{cite web|title=West Ham get Olympic Stadium after government ups funding|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21889864#TWEET679103|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=22 March 2013}}</ref> Supporters of rival clubs had pressed for an inquiry into the granting of West Ham's tenancy, arguing that West Ham were being given an unfair advantage by the arrangement. In September 2015, however, the government rejected holding such an inquiry.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Benge|first1=James|title=Arsenal, Chelsea and Tottenham fan coalition's call for public inquiry into West Ham Olympic stadium deal rejected by government|url=http://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/government-rejects-arsenal-chelsea-and-tottenham-fan-coalitions-bid-for-public-inquiry-into-west-ham-a2926561.html|accessdate=4 September 2015|work=London Evening Standard|date=3 September 2015}}</ref> | |||
| <gallery> | |||
| Once the original deal collapsed, a new process to select a tenant was begun. West Ham immediately announced plans to become tenants of the stadium.<ref name="Brady">{{Cite web |date=11 October 2011 |title=West Ham – Newham Statement |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20111011/west-ham-newham-statement_2236884_2478075 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012233754/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20111011/west-ham-newham-statement_2236884_2478075 |archive-date=12 October 2011 |access-date=11 October 2011 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> By March 2012, West Ham was one of the four bidders for the stadium. With a decision due by the Olympic Park Legacy Company in May 2012, Mayor of London Boris Johnson delayed the final selection of future tenants until completion of the 2012 Summer Olympics, stating that it was "overwhelmingly likely" that the tenants would be West Ham.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gold |first=David |date=23 March 2012 |title=West Ham among four formal bidders for London 2012 Olympic Stadium |url=http://www.insidethegames.biz/olympics/summer-olympics/2012/16335-west-ham-among-four-formal-bidders-for-london-2012-olympic-stadium |access-date=12 September 2014 |website=insidethegames.biz}}</ref><ref name="Borisdecides">{{Cite news |last=Kelso |first=Paul |date=17 May 2012 |title=London 2012 Olympics: West Ham likely to get Olympic Stadium despite delays, says Boris Johnson |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/9271826/London-2012-Olympics-West-Ham-likely-to-get-Olympic-Stadium-despite-delays-says-Boris-Johnson.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/9271826/London-2012-Olympics-West-Ham-likely-to-get-Olympic-Stadium-despite-delays-says-Boris-Johnson.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=11 June 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref> | |||
| File:West Ham match Boleyn Ground 2006.jpg|The Bobby Moore Stand | |||
| File:Boleyn Ground, East Stand.jpg|The East Stand | |||
| It was announced on 22 March 2013 that West Ham had signed a 99-year lease for the Olympic Stadium after the government agreed to put in an extra £1 million towards the costs of converting the site. The club's plan was to move into the stadium prior to the start of the ].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bond |first=David |date=22 March 2013 |title=West Ham get Olympic Stadium after government ups funding |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/21889864 |access-date=22 March 2013}}</ref> Supporters of rival clubs had pressed for an inquiry into the granting of West Ham's tenancy, arguing that West Ham were being given an unfair advantage by the arrangement. In September 2015, however, the government rejected holding such an inquiry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Benge |first=James |date=3 September 2015 |title=Arsenal, Chelsea and Tottenham fan coalition's call for public inquiry into West Ham Olympic stadium deal rejected by government |work=London Evening Standard |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/government-rejects-arsenal-chelsea-and-tottenham-fan-coalitions-bid-for-public-inquiry-into-west-ham-a2926561.html |access-date=4 September 2015}}</ref> | |||
| File:Boleyn Ground, Facing North.jpg|Facing north, The ] stand | |||
| </gallery> | |||
| ==The Academy of Football== | ==The Academy of Football== | ||
| {{Main|West Ham United F.C. Under-21s and Academy}} | |||
| {{Main article|The Academy of Football}} | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| The club promotes the popular idea of West Ham being "]", with the moniker adorning the ground's new stadium façade. The comment predominantly refers to the club's youth development system which was established by manager ] during the 1950s, that has seen a number of international players emerge through the ranks.<ref>{{ |
The club promotes the popular idea of West Ham being "]", with the moniker adorning the ground's new stadium façade. The comment predominantly refers to the club's youth development system which was established by manager ] during the 1950s, that has seen a number of international players emerge through the ranks.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 February 2001 |title=Hammer house of legends |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/w/west_ham_utd/1192517.stm |access-date=6 August 2011}}</ref> Most notably, the club contributed three players to the ] ] side of 1966, including club icon ], as well as ] and ] who between them scored all of England's goals in the eventual 4–2 victory. Other academy players that have gone on to play for England have included ], ], ], ], and ]. | ||
| Since the late 1990s, ], ], ], ] and ] began their careers at West Ham and all went on to play for |
Since the late 1990s, ], ], ], ] and ] began their careers at West Ham and all went on to play for other clubs. Most recently, the likes of first teamers ] and ], as well as Welsh international ], have emerged through the {{not a typo|Academy}}. Frustratingly for fans and managers alike,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rubin |first=Tony |date=19 December 2007 |title=Championship: West Ham's lost generation |url=http://www.squarefootball.net/article/article.asp?aid=1080 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050418151747/http://www.squarefootball.net/article/article.asp?aid=1080 |archive-date=18 April 2005 |access-date=6 August 2011}}</ref> the club has struggled to retain many of these players due to (predominantly) financial reasons.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Howlett |first=Graeme |date=29 May 2006 |title=Terry Brown Q&A |url=http://www.kumb.com/0506_story.php?id=10182 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060529201217/http://www.kumb.com/0506_story.php?id=10182 |archive-date=29 May 2006 |access-date=6 August 2011}}</ref> West Ham, during the 2007–08 season, had an average of 6.61 English players in the starting line up, higher than any other Premier League club,<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 May 2008 |title=England player numbers at new low |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7417746.stm |access-date=6 April 2010}}</ref> which cemented their status as one of the few Premier League clubs left that were recognised to be bringing through young English talent and were recognised as having "homegrown players". Between 2000 and 2011, the club produced eight England players, as many as Manchester United and one fewer than Arsenal.<ref name="Number">{{Cite news |last=Rich |first=Tim |date=27 August 2011 |title=Fergie's four-letter outburst at the FA |work=The Independent |location=London |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/fergies-fourletter-outburst-at-the-fa-2344578.html |access-date=30 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112014006/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/fergies-fourletter-outburst-at-the-fa-2344578.html |archive-date=12 November 2012}}</ref> Much of the success of the academy has been attributed to ], who was West Ham youth coach between 1973 and 2014.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pugh |first=William |date=12 March 2019 |title=Tony Carr - the best developer of young talent in English football - keen to rebuild bridges at West Ham |newspaper=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2019/03/12/tony-carr-best-developer-young-talent-english-football-keen/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2019/03/12/tony-carr-best-developer-young-talent-english-football-keen/ |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}{{cbignore}}</ref> | ||
| ==Players== | ==Players== | ||
| ===Current squad=== | |||
| {{updated|4 June 2017}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/Teams/First-Team/Squad|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227005241/http://www.whufc.com/Teams/First-Team/Squad|dead-url=yes|archive-date=27 February 2015|title=First Team|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/Teams/Development-Squad/Squad|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227013259/http://www.whufc.com/Teams/Development-Squad/Squad|dead-url=yes|archive-date=27 February 2015|title=Development Squad|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=27 August 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whufc.com/Teams/Academy/Squad|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227032101/http://www.whufc.com/Teams/Academy/Squad|dead-url=yes|archive-date=27 February 2015|title=Academy|publisher=www.whufc.com|accessdate=27 August 2015}}</ref> | |||
| {{updated|30 August 2024}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=First team: Squad |url=https://www.whufc.com/teams/first-team/squad |access-date=5 October 2020 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jarrod Bowen appointed West Ham United Club Captain|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/jarrod-bowen-appointed-west-ham-united-club-captain |access-date=15 August 2024 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | |||
| ===First-team squad=== | |||
| {{Fs start}} | {{Fs start}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no=1|nat= |
{{Fs player|no=1|nat=POL|pos=GK|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=3|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=]|other=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=4|nat=ESP|pos=MF|name=]|other=on loan from ]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=5|nat=CZE|pos=DF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs |
{{Fs Player|no=7|nat=NED|pos=FW|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=9|nat=JAM|pos=FW|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=10|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs |
{{Fs Player|no=11|nat=GER|pos=FW|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=14|nat=GHA|pos=FW|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=15|nat=GRE|pos=DF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=17|nat=BRA|pos=MF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=18|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no=15|nat=SEN|pos=FW|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=16|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=]|other=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=19|nat=WAL|pos=DF|name=]}} | |||
| {{fs player|no=20|nat=GHA|pos=FW|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs mid}} | {{Fs mid}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=19|nat=MEX|pos=MF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=20|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=]|other=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=21|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=23|nat=FRA|pos=GK|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=24|nat=ARG|pos=MF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=25|nat=FRA|pos=DF|name=]|other=on loan from ]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=26|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=28|nat=CZE|pos=MF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs |
{{Fs Player|no=29|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no=33|nat= |
{{Fs player|no=33|nat=ITA|pos=DF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=39|nat=SCO|pos=MF|name=]}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no=35|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=36|nat=POR|pos=MF|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=41|nat=IRE|pos=DF|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ECU|pos=FW|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs end}} | {{Fs end}} | ||
| === |
===Out on loan=== | ||
| {{Fs start}} | |||
| {{main article|West Ham United F.C. Under-23s}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=8|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 30 June 2025}} | |||
| Players (excluding scholars) who will qualify as U23s in season 2016–17 (i.e. born on or after 1 January 1993) and who are outside the first team squad. | |||
| {{Fs player|no=22|nat=CIV|pos=FW|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 30 June 2025}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=27|nat=MAR|pos=DF|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 30 June 2025}} | |||
| {{Fs start|nat=|pos=|other=|no=|name=}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=40|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 31 May 2025}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=50|nat=NIR|pos=FW|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 31 May 2025}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=53|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=] |other=on loan to ] until 31 May 2025}} | ||
| {{fs player|no=42|nat=NOR|pos=MF|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=43|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=44|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=46|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=Moses Makasi|other=}} | |||
| {{Fs mid}} | {{Fs mid}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=54|nat=NIR|pos=MF|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 31 May 2025}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=65|nat=NIR|pos=DF|name=]|other=on loan at ] until 31 May 2025}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=|nat=HUN|pos=GK|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 31 May 2025}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=|nat=FRA|pos=DF|name=]|other=on loan to ] until 30 June 2025}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no= |
{{Fs player|no=|nat=FRA|pos=MF|name=Mohamadou Kanté|other=on loan at ] until 31 May 2025}} | ||
| {{Fs end}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=]}} | |||
| {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=Nathan Trott|other=}} | |||
| ===Under-21s=== | |||
| {{Fs end|nat=|pos=|other=|no=|name=}} | |||
| {{main|West Ham United F.C. Under-21s and Academy}} | |||
| ==Former players== | ==Former players== | ||
| ===Retired numbers=== | ===Retired numbers=== | ||
| {{Main |
{{Main|Retired numbers in association football}} | ||
| * '''6''' {{flagicon|ENG}} ], ] (1958–74) – posthumous honour<ref>{{ |
* '''6''' {{flagicon|ENG}} ], ] (1958–74) – posthumous honour<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 August 2008 |title=West Ham retire Moore's number six shirt |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/west-ham-retire-moores-number-six-shirt-884843.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229003429/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/premier-league/west-ham-retire-moores-number-six-shirt-884843.html |archive-date=29 December 2019 |access-date=19 July 2020 |website=Independent}}</ref> | ||
| * '''38''' {{flagicon|AUS}} ], ] (2010–14) – posthumous honour<ref>{{ |
* '''38''' {{flagicon|AUS}} ], ] (2010–14) – posthumous honour<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2014 |title=Hammers pay tribute to Dylan |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20140419/hammers-pay-tribute-to-dylan_2236884_3776170 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217030738/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20140419/hammers-pay-tribute-to-dylan_2236884_3776170 |archive-date=17 December 2014 |access-date=20 April 2014 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | ||
| ===Club captains=== | ===Club captains=== | ||
| Line 380: | Line 397: | ||
| | 1899 | | 1899 | ||
| | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | ||
| | Bradshaw died on Christmas Day |
| Bradshaw died on Christmas Day 1899. | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | 1899–01 | | 1899–01 | ||
| Line 409: | Line 426: | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | 1922–25 | | 1922–25 | ||
| | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | ||
| | rowspan="5" | | | rowspan="5" | | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| Line 422: | Line 439: | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | 1932–37 | | 1932–37 | ||
| | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | 1937–46 | | 1937–46 | ||
| Line 429: | Line 446: | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | 1946–51 | | 1946–51 | ||
| | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | ||
| | Following his retirement, he helped to clean the boots of younger players | | Following his retirement, he helped to clean the boots of younger players | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| Line 488: | Line 505: | ||
| | 2009–11 | | 2009–11 | ||
| | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | ||
| |rowspan="3"| | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| | 2011–15 | | 2011–15 | ||
| | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2015–22 | |||
| |2015– | |||
| | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | | {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | ||
| |- | |||
| |2022–23 | |||
| |{{Flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2023–24 | |||
| |{{Flagicon|France}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2024– | |||
| |{{Flagicon|ENG}} ] | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| Line 500: | Line 525: | ||
| {{See also|Category:West Ham United F.C. players}} | {{See also|Category:West Ham United F.C. players}} | ||
| In the 2003 book ''The Official West Ham United Dream Team'', 500 fans were quizzed for who would be in their all time Hammers Eleven. The voting was restricted to players from the modern era. | In the 2003 book ''The Official West Ham United Dream Team'', 500 fans were quizzed for who would be in their all time Hammers Eleven. The voting was restricted to players from the modern era. | ||
| {{football squad on pitch|align=left | |||
| | GK = ] | |||
| {| style="width:180px; float:left;" | |||
| | RCB = ] | |||
| |- | |||
| | LCB = ] | |||
| |<div style="position: relative"> | |||
| | RB = ] | |||
| ] | |||
| | LB = ] | |||
| | DM = ] | |||
| | AM = ] | |||
| | RW = ] | |||
| | LW = ] | |||
| | RCF = ] | |||
| | LCF = ] | |||
| }} | |||
| {{Image label|x=0.21|y=0.40|scale=350|text=]}} | |||
| {| style="margin:1.5em 1em" | |||
| {{Image label|x=0.16|y=0.54|scale=350|text=]}} | |||
| {{Image label|x=0.28|y=0.54|scale=350|text=]}} | |||
| {{Image label|x=0.35|y=0.45|scale=350|text=]}} | |||
| </div> | |||
| |} | |||
| {| | |||
| {{Fs player|no=1|nat=England|name=]|pos=GK}} | {{Fs player|no=1|nat=England|name=]|pos=GK}} | ||
| {{Fs player|no=2|nat=Scotland|name=]|pos=DF}} | {{Fs player|no=2|nat=Scotland|name=]|pos=DF}} | ||
| Line 535: | Line 554: | ||
| ===Hammer of the Year=== | ===Hammer of the Year=== | ||
| The following is a list of recipients of the 'Hammer of the Year' award.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Awards |url=https://www.whufc.com/club/history/honours-records/awards |access-date=6 January 2023 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> The first award, to Andy Malcolm in ], was nominated by a journalist at ''The Stratford Express''. Subsequent recipients would be awarded the title after a vote by supporters.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hillier |first=Roger |title=Andy Malcolm |url=http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/andy-malcolm/4575118372 |access-date=21 May 2018 |website=theyflysohigh.co.uk}}</ref> Trevor Brooking was the first player for West Ham United to have been honoured with the title of Hammer of the Year three times in a row in 1976, 1977 and 1978. Scott Parker repeated this feat between 2009 and 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scott completes HOTY hat-trick |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20110516/scott-completes-hoty-hat-trick_2236884_2361310 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521001558/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20110516/scott-completes-hoty-hat-trick_2236884_2361310 |archive-date=21 May 2011 |access-date=28 September 2016 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> Brooking has won the award the most times, on five occasions: 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1984. Bobby Moore, Billy Bonds and Julian Dicks have each won it four times. | |||
| {{refimprove section|date=May 2017}} | |||
| The following is a list of the "Hammer of the Year award" won by West Ham United players.<ref></ref> Trevor Brooking was the first player for West Ham United to have been honoured with the title of Hammer of the Year three times in a row in 1976, 1977 and 1978. Scott Parker repeated this feat between 2009–2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20110516/scott-completes-hoty-hat-trick_2236884_2361310 |title=Scott completes HOTY hat-trick |publisher=West Ham United F.C. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521001558/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20110516/scott-completes-hoty-hat-trick_2236884_2361310 |archive-date=21 May 2011 |dead-url=yes|access-date=28 September 2016}}</ref> Brooking has won the award the most times, on five occasions: 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1984. Bobby Moore, Billy Bonds and Julian Dicks have each won it four times. | |||
| Bobby Moore has been runner-up four times, while Billy Bonds and Tony Cottee have both been runners-up three times. | Bobby Moore has been runner-up four times, while Billy Bonds and Tony Cottee have both been runners-up three times. | ||
| Line 549: | Line 567: | ||
| ! Year | ! Year | ||
| ! Winner | ! Winner | ||
| ! Runner- |
! Runner-up | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1958||{{flagicon|England}} ]||– | |1958||{{flagicon|England}} ]||rowspan="4"|– | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1959||{{flagicon|England}} ] |
|1959||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1960||{{flagicon|England}} ] |
|1960||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1961||{{flagicon|England}} ] |
|1961||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1962||{{flagicon|Scotland}} ]||{{flagicon|Scotland}} ] | |1962||{{flagicon|Scotland}} ]||{{flagicon|Scotland}} ] | ||
| Line 563: | Line 581: | ||
| |1963||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1963||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1964||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1964||{{flagicon|England}} ]||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1965||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1965||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1966||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1966||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1967 |
|1967||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1968||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1968||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1969||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1969||{{flagicon|England}} ]||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1970||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1970||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1971||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1971||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| Line 583: | Line 601: | ||
| |1973||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1973||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1974||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1974||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ]||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1975 | |||
| |1975||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1976||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1976||rowspan="3"|{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1977 |
|1977||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1978| |
|1978|||– | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1979||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1979||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| Line 599: | Line 617: | ||
| |1981||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1981||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1982||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1982||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1983 |
|1983||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1984||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1984||{{flagicon|England}} ]||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1985||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1985||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1986||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Scotland}} ] | |1986||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Scotland}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1987||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1987||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |} | |||
| | valign="top" | | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | |||
| |- | |||
| ! Year | |||
| ! Winner | |||
| ! Runner-Up | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1988||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1988||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| Line 623: | Line 634: | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1990||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1990||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |} | |||
| | valign="top" | | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | |||
| |- | |||
| ! Year | |||
| ! Winner | |||
| ! Runner-up | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1991||{{flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1991||{{flagicon|Czechoslovakia}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| Line 634: | Line 653: | ||
| |1995||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |1995||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1996||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} ] | |1996||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1997 |
|1997||{{flagicon|Croatia}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |1998||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} ] | |1998||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} ] | ||
| Line 658: | Line 677: | ||
| |2007||{{flagicon|Argentina}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2007||{{flagicon|Argentina}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2008||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} ] | |2008||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Northern Ireland}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2009||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2009||rowspan="3"|{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2010 |
|2010||{{flagicon|Italy}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2011 |
|2011||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2012||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2012||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| Line 670: | Line 689: | ||
| |2013||{{flagicon|New Zealand}} ]||{{flagicon|Finland}} ] | |2013||{{flagicon|New Zealand}} ]||{{flagicon|Finland}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2014||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Spain}} ] | |2014||{{flagicon|England}} ]||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|Spain}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2015||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Spain}} ] | |2015||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2016||{{flagicon|France}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2016||{{flagicon|France}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2017||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Argentina}} ] | |2017||{{flagicon|England}} ]||{{flagicon|Argentina}} ] | ||
| |- | |||
| |2018||{{flagicon|Austria}} ]||{{flagicon|IRL}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2019||{{flagicon|Poland}} ]||{{flagicon|ENG}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2020||{{flagicon|ENG}} ]||{{flagicon|ITA}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2021||{{flagicon|CZE}} ]||{{flagicon|CZE}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2022||rowspan="2"|{{flagicon|ENG}} ]||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2023||{{flagicon|ALG}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2024||{{flagicon|ENG}} ]||{{flagicon|GHA}} ] | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| |} | |} | ||
| Line 683: | Line 716: | ||
| In 2013, West Ham United introduced a new annual award, the West Ham United Lifetime Achievement Award. | In 2013, West Ham United introduced a new annual award, the West Ham United Lifetime Achievement Award. | ||
| The first award was presented to club-record appearance maker ], who picked up the award on the pitch at Upton Park before kick-off against ] on the opening day of the ].<ref>{{ |
The first award was presented to club-record appearance maker ], who picked up the award on the pitch at Upton Park before kick-off against ] on the opening day of the ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bonds Honoured at the Boleyn |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130818/bonds-honoured-at-the-boleyn_2236884_3365079 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819102820/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20130818/bonds-honoured-at-the-boleyn_2236884_3365079 |archive-date=19 August 2013 |access-date=25 February 2015 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | ||
| The 2014 award was presented to Sir ], a record five-time winner of the Hammer of the Year award. Brooking received the award before the ] curtain-raiser against Tottenham Hotspur on 16 August 2014.<ref>{{ |
The 2014 award was presented to Sir ], a record five-time winner of the Hammer of the Year award. Brooking received the award before the ] curtain-raiser against Tottenham Hotspur on 16 August 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham award for Sir Trevor Brooking |url=http://www1.skysports.com/football/news/11685/9300736/west-ham-award-for-sir-trevor-brooking |access-date=25 February 2015 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Brooking had already had the Centenary Stand at the Boleyn ground named after him in 2009. | ||
| The 2015 award was awarded to ].<ref>{{ |
The 2015 award was awarded to ].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hammers to honour Peters |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20150210/hammers-to-honour-peters_2236884_4476925 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216010414/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20150210/hammers-to-honour-peters_2236884_4476925 |archive-date=16 February 2015 |access-date=25 February 2015 |publisher=West Ham United F.C. }}</ref> | ||
| On 3 May 2016, it was announced via the club's official website that the fourth recipient of the award would be Sir ], the club's second all-time leading goalscorer, and scorer of a hat-trick in the 1966 ] Final. Hurst would be honoured at the club's 2015/16 Player Awards Ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hurst to be honoured at Player Awards |url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/3-May/Hurst-to-be-honoured-at-Player-Awards |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604014603/http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/3-May/Hurst-to-be-honoured-at-Player-Awards |archive-date=4 June 2016 |access-date=3 May 2016 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> ] became the sixth recipient of the award, in April 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Wonderful' Ken Brown set to receive Lifetime Achievement Award |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2018/april/25-april/wonderful-ken-brown-set-receive-lifetime-achievement-award |access-date=20 June 2018 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> The 2019 honour was awarded to ] ] who made his debut for West Ham in 1960.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2018/october/22-october/ronnie-boyce-hammers-legend-who-debuted-58-years-ago-today|title=Ronnie Boyce: The Hammers legend who debuted 58 years ago today | West Ham United F.C.|website=www.whufc.com}}</ref> | |||
| On 3 May 2016, it was announced via the club's official website that the fourth recipient of the award would be Sir ], the club's second all-time leading goalscorer, and scorer of a hat-trick in the 1966 ] Final. Hurst would be honoured at the club's 2015/16 Player Awards Ceremony.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/3-May/Hurst-to-be-honoured-at-Player-Awards | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604014603/http://www.whufc.com/News/Articles/2016/May/3-May/Hurst-to-be-honoured-at-Player-Awards | dead-url=yes | archive-date=4 June 2016 | title=Hurst to be honoured at Player Awards | publisher=www.whufc.com | accessdate=3 May 2016}}</ref> | |||
| {| | {| | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| Line 698: | Line 732: | ||
| ! Winner | ! Winner | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2013||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2013||{{flagicon|England}} ] MBE | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2014||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2014||{{flagicon|England}} Sir ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2015||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2015||{{flagicon|England}} ] MBE | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2016||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2016||{{flagicon|England}} Sir ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |2017||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |2017||{{flagicon|England}} ] OBE | ||
| |- | |||
| |2018||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2019||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| |} | |||
| ===Mark Noble Young Hammer of the Year Award=== | |||
| In honour of ], who was also the award winner in 2004, and had been serving the club since 2000 and retired in 2022, the Young Hammer of the Year award was renamed to Mark Noble Young Hammer of the Year Award on 9 May 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/west-ham-united-announce-creation-mark-noble-award|title=West Ham United announce creation of Mark Noble Award | West Ham United F.C.|website=www.whufc.com}}</ref> | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | |||
| |- | |||
| ! Year | |||
| ! Winner | |||
| |- | |||
| |2003||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2004||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2005||{{flagicon|England}} ] (2) | |||
| |- | |||
| |2006||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2007||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2008||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2009||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2010||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2011||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2012||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2013||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2014||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2015||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2016||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2017||{{flagicon|Ireland}}/{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2018||{{flagicon|Ireland}}/{{flagicon|England}} ] (2) | |||
| |- | |||
| |2019||{{flagicon|Ireland}}/{{flagicon|England}} ] (3) | |||
| |- | |||
| |2020||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2021||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2022||{{flagicon|England}} ] (2) | |||
| |- | |||
| |2023||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |||
| |2024||{{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| ==Current staff== | ==Current staff== | ||
| {{updated|2 July 2024}} | |||
| :''As of 30 May 2017''<ref>{{cite web | |||
| | url=http://www.whufc.com/page/Staff/0,,12562,00.html | |||
| | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110235057/http://www.whufc.com/page/Staff/0,,12562,00.html | |||
| | dead-url=yes | |||
| | archive-date=10 November 2007 | |||
| | title=Who's who | |||
| | work=West Ham United FC | |||
| | accessdate=26 April 2010}}</ref> | |||
| '''Staff and directors'''<ref name = "NobleDirector"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Who's who |url=https://www.whufc.com/club/corporate-information/who-s-who |access-date=13 June 2018 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | |||
| ;Staff and directors | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| Line 728: | Line 812: | ||
| |Co-chairman ||] | |Co-chairman ||] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Co-chairman ||] | |Co-chairman ||] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Vice-chairman ||] CBE | |Vice-chairman ||] CBE | ||
| |- | |||
| |Director||] | |||
| |- | |||
| |Director||Pavel Horský | |||
| |- | |||
| |Director||Peter Mitka | |||
| |- | |||
| |Director||Jiří Švarc | |||
| |- | |||
| |Director||] | |||
| |- | |||
| |Director||David Sullivan Jr. | |||
| |- | |||
| |Director||Daniel Cunningham | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Non-executive director||Daniel Harris | |Non-executive director||Daniel Harris | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Non-executive director || |
|Non-executive director ||] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Honorary life president ||] | |Honorary life president ||] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | |
|Club secretary ||Andrew Pincher | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Chief |
|Chief finance officer ||Andy Mollett | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Projects & stadium operations director ||Philippa Cartwright | |||
| |Managing Director ||Angus Kinnear | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Executive |
|Executive director, marketing & communications ||Tara Warren | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Club ambassador ||] MBE | |||
| |Chief Operating Officer ||Ben Illingworth | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| | |
|Sporting director || ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Technical director || ] | |||
| |Chief Scout & Director of Recruitment|| Tony Henry<ref>{{cite web | |||
| | url=http://www.claretandhugh.info/tony-henry-starts-work-as-hammers-talent-finder/ | |||
| | title=Tony starts work | |||
| | work=West Ham United FC | |||
| | accessdate=9 October 2014}}</ref> | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| '''Coaching staff''' | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| Line 763: | Line 857: | ||
| ! Name | ! Name | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | |
|Head coach || {{flagicon|SPA}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Assistant |
|Assistant head coach || {{flagicon|SPA}} ] | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Head of performance & assistant coach || {{flagicon|SPA}} Oscar Caro | |||
| |First Team Coach || {{flagicon|Germany}} Edin Terzić <ref name="Bilic's new backroom staff">{{cite web | |||
| | url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-3121220/Slaven-Bilic-s-backroom-staff-Nicola-Jurcevic-Edin-Terzic-Miljenko-Rak-set-seal-West-Ham-switches.html | |||
| | title=Bilic's new backroom staff | |||
| | work=West Ham United FC | |||
| | accessdate=12 June 2015}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| | |
|Head of analysis & assistant coach || {{flagicon|SPA}} Juan Vicente Peinado | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| |First |
|First team goalkeeper coach || {{flagicon|SPA}} ] | ||
| |- | |||
| |First team Coaching Assistant || {{flagicon|England}} ] | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Fitness coach || Borja de Alba | |||
| |Academy Manager & Head of Coaching and Player Development || {{flagicon|ENG}} ] | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Technical coach || Edu Rubio | |||
| |Head of Medical Services|| {{flagicon|ENG}} ]<ref name="Hammers appoint Lewin as Head of Medical Services | |||
| Read more at https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2017/may/30-may/hammers-appoint-lewin-head-medical-services#KgRbMUZXsQHhy7PV.99">{{cite web | |||
| | url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2017/may/30-may/hammers-appoint-lewin-head-medical-services | |||
| | title=Hammers appoint Lewin as Head of Medical Services | |||
| | work=West Ham United FC | |||
| | accessdate=6 June 2017}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |- | ||
| |Academy manager & head of coaching and player development || ] | |||
| |First Team Rehabilitation Fitness Coach || {{flagicon|ENG}} Eamon Swift | |||
| |- |
|- | ||
| |Academy operations and player development manager || Ricky Martin<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2019 |title=Academy appoint Martin as Operations and Player Development Manager |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2019/january/07-january/academy-appoint-martin-operations-and-player-development |access-date=28 January 2019 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | |||
| |First Team Physiotherapist|| {{flagicon|ENG}} Dominic Rogan | |||
| |- | |||
| |Head of medical services||Richard Collinge<ref>{{Cite web |title=West Ham United appoint Richard Collinge as Head of Medical |url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2018/june/10-june/west-ham-united-appoint-richard-collinge-head-medical |access-date=20 June 2018 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | |||
| |- | |||
| |First team rehabilitation fitness coach || Eamon Swift | |||
| |- | |||
| |First team physiotherapist|| Dominic Rogan | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| ==Managers== | ==Managers== | ||
| West Ham have had |
West Ham United have had 18 permanent managers in their history and an additional three caretaker managers. | ||
| {{Main article|West Ham United F.C. managers}} | |||
| {{Main|List of West Ham United F.C. managers}} | |||
| {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%; text-align:center" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:95%; text-align:center" | ||
| Line 809: | Line 899: | ||
| ! style="width: 30%;"|Honours/Notes (major honours shown in bold) | ! style="width: 30%;"|Honours/Notes (major honours shown in bold) | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1901–32||638||248||146||244||38.87|| <small> |
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1901–32||638||248||146||244||38.87|| <small> Club's longest serving manager (31 years). ] runners-up 1923 </small> | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1932–50||480||198||116||166||41.25|| | | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1932–50||480||198||116||166||41.25|| | ||
| Line 823: | Line 913: | ||
| | || style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} '']'' || style="text-align:center;" | 1990 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0.00 || | | || style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} '']'' || style="text-align:center;" | 1990 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0.00 || | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1990–94||227 ||99||61|| 67|| 43.61|| |
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1990–94||227 ||99||61|| 67|| 43.61|| | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1994–01|| 327|| 121|| 85|| 121 || 37.00|| <small> ] joint winners 1999 (European qualification). Club's highest Premier League finish (5th, 1998–99) </small> | | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||1994–01|| 327|| 121|| 85|| 121 || 37.00|| <small> ] joint winners 1999 (European qualification). Club's highest Premier League finish (5th, 1998–99) </small> | ||
| Line 831: | Line 921: | ||
| | || style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} '']'' || style="text-align:center;" | 2003 || 14 || 9 || 4|| 1|| '''64.29'''|| | | || style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} '']'' || style="text-align:center;" | 2003 || 14 || 9 || 4|| 1|| '''64.29'''|| | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||2003–06 || 163 ||67|| 38|| 58 || 41.10|| <small> ] Play |
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||2003–06 || 163 ||67|| 38|| 58 || 41.10|| <small> ] Play-off Winners 2005, FA Cup runners-up 2006 (UEFA Cup qualification) </small> | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||2006–08 || 71 || 28 || 14 || 29 || 39.44 || | | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||2006–08 || 71 || 28 || 14 || 29 || 39.44 || | ||
| Line 843: | Line 933: | ||
| | || style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} '']'' || style="text-align:center;" | 2011 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0.00 || | | || style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} '']'' || style="text-align:center;" | 2011 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0.00 || | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||2011–15 || 181 || 68 || 46 || 67 || 37.57 ||<small> ] Play |
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|England}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | ||2011–15 || 181 || 68 || 46 || 67 || 37.57 ||<small> ] Play-off Winners 2012.</small> | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Croatia}} ]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Slaven Bilić's Managerial statistics |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=2039| |
| style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|Croatia}} ]<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 July 2015 |title=Slaven Bilić's Managerial statistics |publisher=Soccerbase |url=http://www.soccerbase.com/managers/manager.sd?manager_id=2039 |access-date=5 July 2015}}</ref> || style="text-align:center;" | || 2015–17 || 111 || 42 || 30 || 39 ||37.84|| | ||
| |- | |||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|SCO}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | || 2017–18 || 31 || 9 || 10 || 12 ||29.03|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|CHI}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | || 2018–19 || 64 || 24 || 11 || 29 ||37.50|| | |||
| |- | |||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|SCO}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | || 2019–2024 || 231 || 103|| 45 || 83||44.59||<small> '''] winners 2023.''' <br> Highest win percentage of club's permanent managers. Highest Premier League win percentage of club's Premier League era managers. </small> | |||
| |- | |||
| | style="text-align:left;"| {{flagicon|SPA}} ] || style="text-align:center;" | || 2024– || 12|| 4|| 2|| 6|| 33.33|| | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| ==Ownership and chairmen== | ==Ownership and chairmen== | ||
| {{ |
{{Further|Ownership of West Ham United F.C.}} | ||
| In January 2010, ] and ] acquired a 50% share in West Ham, given them overall operational and commercial control.<ref name="whud&d">{{ |
In January 2010, ] and ] acquired a 50% share in West Ham, given them overall operational and commercial control.<ref name="whud&d">{{Cite web |title=West Ham United statement |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/west-ham-united-statement-20100119_2236884_1936937 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100121005012/http://www.whufc.com/articles/west-ham-united-statement-20100119_2236884_1936937 |archive-date=21 January 2010 |access-date=31 January 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> At the end of May 2010, Gold and Sullivan purchased a further 10% stake in the club at a cost of £8 million. Taking their controlling stake to 60%, they announced that they could open up shares for fans to purchase.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chairmen increase shareholding |url=http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100525/chairmen-increase-shareholding_2236884_2058860 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100528004215/http://www.whufc.com/articles/20100525/chairmen-increase-shareholding_2236884_2058860 |archive-date=28 May 2010 |access-date=31 January 2013 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> On 9 August 2010, Gold and Sullivan increased their shares up to 30.6% each with "minority investors", (which included former owner Terry Brown, purchasing a further 3.8% of the club at a cost of around −4 million) leaving Icelandic ] owning 35% of the club.<ref name="whufc.com">{{Cite web |title=Ownership | West Ham United |url=http://www.whufc.com/page/Ownership/0,,12562,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090906184447/http://www.whufc.com/page/Ownership/0%2C%2C12562%2C00.html |archive-date=6 September 2009 |access-date=14 January 2011 |publisher=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | ||
| On 2 July 2013, Sullivan acquired a further 25% of shares after restructuring the debt of the club, leaving Straumur Bank with just 10%.<ref>{{ |
On 2 July 2013, Sullivan acquired a further 25% of shares after restructuring the debt of the club, leaving Straumur Bank with just 10%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ownership | West Ham United |url=http://www.legalweek.com/legal-week/news/2278698/dla-piper-leads-as-sullivan-becomes-largest-single-west-ham-shareholder |access-date=2 July 2013 |publisher=legalweek.com}}</ref> In order to clear club debts before a move to the Olympic Stadium in 2016, in December 2014 Sullivan announced the availability for sale of 20% of the club.<ref>{{Cite news |date=28 December 2014 |title=West Ham: Co-owner David Sullivan says 20% stake for sale |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30615420 |access-date=16 January 2015}}</ref> The clearing of club debts, given in July 2013 as £70 million, was given as a pre-condition to a move to the Olympic Stadium.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 July 2013 |title=West Ham United must pay £70m bank debt before Olympic Stadium move |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/jul/24/west-ham-debt-olympic-stadium |access-date=16 January 2015}}</ref> | ||
| In September 2017, American billionaire ], senior management director of ], bought 10% of the shares of the club.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rosser |first1=Jack |title=American billionaire Tripp Smith buys 10% stake in West Ham |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/american-billionaire-tripp-smith-buys-10-per-cent-stake-in-west-ham-a3647526.html |access-date=9 August 2023 |work=Evening Standard |date=30 September 2017}}</ref> On 10 November 2021, the club announced Czech billionaire ] had acquired 27% of the shares of the club, reducing Gold and Sullivan's shares.<ref>{{Cite web|title=West Ham United statement|website=West Ham United F.C.|access-date=10 November 2021|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/articles/2021/november/10-november/west-ham-united-statement|date=10 November 2021|language=en}}</ref> | |||
| ==European record== | |||
| {{details|West Ham United F.C. in European football}} | |||
| Co-chairman David Gold died on 4 January 2023, leaving Sullivan as the sole chairman.<ref> BBC Sport. 4 January 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2023.</ref> Seven months later, Gold's daughter ] became joint-chair with Sullivan.<ref>{{cite news |title=West Ham name Vanessa Gold as new joint-chair |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/west-ham-name-vanessa-gold-new-joint-chair-2023-08-03/ |access-date=9 August 2023 |work=Reuters |date=3 August 2023}}</ref> | |||
| ==Honours== | |||
| {{citation needed|date=April 2016}} | |||
| {| | |||
| |- | |||
| | valign="top" | | |||
| == European record == | |||
| ===Domestic competitions=== | |||
| {{main|West Ham United F.C. in European football}} | |||
| * ''']''' (first tier) <ref name="divisions">Up until 1992, the top division of ] was the ]; since then, it has been the ]. Similarly until 1992, the ] was the second tier of league football, when it became the First Division, and is now known as ]. The third tier was the Third Division until 1992, and is now known as ].</ref> | |||
| ** Highest placing: 3rd ] | |||
| * ''']''' (second tier)<ref name="divisions" /> | |||
| ** Winners (2): ], ] | |||
| ** Runners-up: ], ], ] | |||
| ** Play-off Champions: ], ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Highest placing: 3rd ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Champions: ] | |||
| ** Section A Champions: ] | |||
| * ''']''' | |||
| ** Winners (3): ], ], ] | |||
| ** Runners-up: ], ] | |||
| * ''']''' | |||
| ** Runners-up: ], ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Winners: ] (shared) | |||
| ** Runners-up: ], ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Winners: ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Winners: 1956 | |||
| ** Runners-up: 1960 | |||
| * ''']''' | |||
| ** Winners (9): 1924–25, 1925–26, 1929–30, 1946–47, 1948–49, 1952–53, 1956–57, 1967–68, 1968–69 | |||
| * '''Essex Professional Cup''': | |||
| ** Winners (3): 1951, 1955 (Trophy shared), 1959 | |||
| ** Runners-up: 1952, 1958 | |||
| ==Honours== | |||
| ====Hammers in Wartime==== | |||
| Sources:<ref name="FCHDStats">{{Cite web |last=Rundle |first=Richard |title=Source for West Ham statistics |url=https://www.fchd.info/W-HAMU.HTM |work=Football Club History Database}}</ref><ref>{{ cite web | title = Honours | url = https://www.whufc.com/club/history/honours-records/honours | website = WHUFC.com | access-date = 5 June 2023 }}</ref> | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Champions: ] | |||
| ** Runners-up: ] (Supplementary Tournament), ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Runners-up: ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Runners-up: ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Runners-up: ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| ** Runners-up: ], ] | |||
| ===Domestic=== | |||
| ====As Thames Ironworks F.C.==== | |||
| '''League''' | |||
| *] (level 2)<ref name="divisions">Up until 1992, the top division of ] was the ]; since then, it has been the ]. Similarly until 1992, the ] was the second tier of league football, when it became the First Division, and is now known as ]. The third tier was the Third Division until 1992, and is now known as ].</ref> | |||
| **Champions: ], ] | |||
| **Runners-up: ], ], ] | |||
| **] winners: ], ] | |||
| '''Cups''' | |||
| * '''] ''': | |||
| *] | |||
| ** Champions: ] | |||
| **Winners: ], ], ] | |||
| ** London Champions: ] | |||
| **Runners-up: ], ] | |||
| * ''']''': | |||
| *] | |||
| ** Champions: ] | |||
| ** |
**Runners-up: ], ] | ||
| * |
*] | ||
| ** |
**Winners: ] (shared) | ||
| ** |
**Runners-up: ], ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| **Winners: ] | |||
| ===European=== | ===European=== | ||
| * |
*] | ||
| ** |
**Winners: ] | ||
| ** |
**Runners-up: ] | ||
| * |
*] | ||
| ** |
**Winners: ] | ||
| * |
*] | ||
| **Winners: ] | |||
| ** Runners-up: 1975 | |||
| *] | |||
| * ''']''' | |||
| ** |
**Runners-up: 1975 | ||
| * ''']''' | |||
| ** Runners-up: ] | |||
| ===International=== | |||
| * |
* ] | ||
| ** |
**Winners: ] | ||
| * |
*] | ||
| ** |
**Runners-up: 1963 | ||
| === |
===Minor titles=== | ||
| * ]: Highest placing: 3rd, ] | |||
| * ]: 1965 | |||
| * Southern League Division Two: ] | |||
| * Honorary Degree (Awarded to the club) in 2009 by the ]<ref name="James Caan, Sir Gulam Noon MBE and West Ham United celebrate Business School graduates success">{{cite web|url= http://www.uel.ac.uk/news/stories/business-grad-09.htm|title= James Caan, Sir Gulam Noon MBE and West Ham United celebrate Business School graduates success}}</ref> | |||
| ** London champions: ] | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| ** Section B champions: 1906–07 | |||
| * ]: ], ]<ref>{{ cite web | date = 28 April 1902 | title = THE LONDON LEAGUE | url = https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000893/19020428/072/0008 | url-access=subscription | access-date = 3 February 2023 | via = ] | newspaper = ] }}</ref> | |||
| * ] | |||
| **''Winners: (9):'' 1924–25, 1925–26, 1929–30, 1946–47, 1948–49, 1952–53, 1956–57, 1967–68, 1968–69 | |||
| ***Runners-up (5): 1912–13, 1932–33, 1954–55, 1957–58, 1958–59 | |||
| * ]: 1956 | |||
| * Essex Professional Cup: 1951, 1955 (shared), 1959 | |||
| * ]: ] | |||
| * ]: ], runners-up: ] (Supplementary Tournament), ] | |||
| * ] runners-up: ] | |||
| * ]: runners-up: ] | |||
| * ] runners-up: ] | |||
| * ] runners-up: ], ] | |||
| ===Other awards=== | |||
| |} | |||
| * ]: 1965<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 November 2003 |title=Past winners: 1963–1967 |work=BBC Sport |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/tv_and_radio/sports_personality_of_the_year/past_winners/3222732.stm |access-date=16 December 2018}}</ref> | |||
| * ] Fair Play Trophy: 1966 (shared with ])<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000445/19660317/292/0014 | date=17 March 1966 | title=West Ham share Fair Play trophy London |newspaper=]|access-date=23 December 2017 |via=] | url-access=subscription}}</ref> | |||
| * Honorary Degree (awarded to the club) in 2009 by the ]<ref name="James Caan, Sir Gulam Noon MBE and West Ham United celebrate Business School graduates success">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ooVt6FiPJ2U |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/ooVt6FiPJ2U| archive-date=11 December 2021 |url-status=live|title=West Ham United Football Club given the award of Honorary Fellow by the University of East London |date=16 November 2009 |publisher=University of East London |access-date=23 December 2017 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> | |||
| ==Statistics and records== | ==Statistics and records== | ||
| {{main|List of West Ham United F.C. records and statistics}} | |||
| ===Attendance=== | ===Attendance=== | ||
| * Record attendance: |
* Record attendance: 62,478 vs ], ], 21 May 2023<ref>{{Cite web |title=Records and Honours |url=https://www.whufc.com/club/history/honours-records/other-records |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=West Ham United F.C.}}</ref> | ||
| **At the ]: 42,322 v ], ], 17 October 1970<ref>{{ |
**At the ]: 42,322 v ], ], 17 October 1970<ref>{{Cite web |title=Club Record Home Attendance |url=http://www.fsf.org.uk/ground-guide/clubs/west-ham/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413013655/http://www.fsf.org.uk/ground-guide/clubs/west-ham/ |archive-date=13 April 2009 |access-date=29 April 2010 |publisher=Fsf.org.uk}}</ref> | ||
| *Lowest league attendance: 4,373 v ], ], 24 February 1955 | *Lowest league attendance: 4,373 v ], ], 24 February 1955 | ||
| ===Transfers=== | ===Transfers=== | ||
| * Biggest |
* Biggest transfer fee paid: £51.2 million to ] for ], 29 August 2022<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.whufc.com/news/west-ham-united-sign-brazil-star-lucas-paqueta-record-fee|title=West Ham United sign Brazil star Lucas Paquetá for record fee|publisher=West Ham United F.C.|date=29 August 2022|access-date=29 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.football365.com/news/west-ham-shell-out-club-record-fee-to-sign-arsenal-newcastle-linked-paqueta-from-lyon|title=West Ham shell out club-record fee to sign Arsenal, Newcastle-linked Paqueta from Lyon|publisher=Football365|date=29 August 2022|access-date=29 August 2022}}</ref> | ||
| * Biggest |
* Biggest transfer fee received: £100 million from ] for ], 15 July 2023<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/65982835 |title=Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham for £105m |website=BBC Sport |date=15 July 2023 |access-date=15 July 2023}}</ref>{{efn|]'s transfer fee for ] may rise to £105 million depending on if performance-based criteria are met.}} | ||
| ===Record results and performances=== | ===Record results and performances=== | ||
| Line 962: | Line 1,040: | ||
| * '''League:''' | * '''League:''' | ||
| * '''Premier League''': | * '''Premier League''': | ||
| ** Home: 6–0 v ] 10 January 1998 | ** Home: 6–0 v ], 10 January 1998 | ||
| ** Away: 5–0 v ] 10 November 2007 | ** Away: 5–0 v ], 10 November 2007 | ||
| * '''Division One''': | * '''Division One''': | ||
| ** Home: 8–0 v ] 19 October 1968 | ** Home: 8–0 v ], 19 October 1968 | ||
| ** Away: 6–1 v ] 8 September 1962 | ** Away: 6–1 v ], 8 September 1962 | ||
| * '''Division Two''': | * '''Division Two''': | ||
| ** Home: 8–0 v ] 8 March 1958 | ** Home: 8–0 v ], 8 March 1958 | ||
| ** Away: 6–0 v ] 15 February 1923 | ** Away: 6–0 v ], 15 February 1923 | ||
| * '''FA Cup''': | * '''FA Cup''': | ||
| ** Home: 8–1 v ] ( |
** Home: 8–1 v ] (round one), 10 January 1914 | ||
| ** Away: 5–0 v ] ( |
** Away: 5–0 v ] (fifth qualifying round), 28 November 1903 | ||
| * '''League Cup''': | * '''League Cup''': | ||
| ** Home: 10–0 v ] ( |
** Home: 10–0 v ] (round two second leg) (12–1 aggregate scoreline), 25 October 1983 | ||
| ** Away: 5–1 v ] ( |
** Away: 5–1 v ] (semi-final second leg) (10–3 aggregate scoreline), 2 February 1966 | ||
| ** Away: 5–1 v ] ( |
** Away: 5–1 v ] (round two), 13 September 1967 | ||
| * '''European Cup Winners Cup''': | * '''European Cup Winners' Cup''': | ||
| ** Home: 5–1 v ] ( |
** Home: 5–1 v ] (round one second leg) (6–4 aggregate scoreline), 1 October 1980 | ||
| ** Away: 2–1 v ] ( |
** Away: 2–1 v ] (quarter final second leg), (6–4 aggregate scoreline) 16 March 1965 | ||
| * '''UEFA Cup/Europa League''': | * '''UEFA Cup/Europa League''': | ||
| ** Home: |
** Home: 5–0 v ] (round of 16 second leg), 14 March 2024 | ||
| ** |
** Away: 3–0 v ] (quarter final second leg), (4–1 aggregate score line) 14 April 2022 | ||
| ** Away: 3–1 v ] (Rd 1 leg 2) 30 September 1999 | |||
| ===Defeats=== | ===Defeats=== | ||
| * '''League:''' | * '''League:''' | ||
| * '''Premier League''': | * '''Premier League''': | ||
| ** Home: 0–6 v ], 11 February 2024<ref name="BBCdef">{{cite web | title=Arsenal thrash West Ham in their biggest PL away win | website=BBC Sport | date=9 February 2024 | url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/68196268 | access-date=12 February 2024}}</ref> | |||
| ** Away: 0–6 v ] 8 May 1999 | |||
| ** Away: 0–6 v ], 8 May 1999 | |||
| * '''Division One''': | * '''Division One''': | ||
| ** Home: 2–8 v ] 26 December 1963 | ** Home: 2–8 v ], 26 December 1963<ref name=BBCdef/> | ||
| ** Away: 0–7 v ] 28 November 1959 | ** Away: 0–7 v ], 28 November 1959 | ||
| * '''Division Two''': | * '''Division Two''': | ||
| ** Away: 0–7 v ] 1 September 1919 | ** Away: 0–7 v ], 1 September 1919 | ||
| * '''FA Cup''': | * '''FA Cup''': | ||
| ** Away: 0–6 v ] ( |
** Away: 0–6 v ] (fourth round), 26 January 2003 | ||
| * '''League Cup''': | * '''League Cup''': | ||
| ** Away: 0–6 v ] ( |
** Away: 0–6 v ] (semi-final first leg), 14 February 1990 | ||
| ** Away: 0–6 v ] ( |
** Away: 0–6 v ] (semi-final first leg), 8 January 2014 | ||
| * '''European Cup Winners Cup''': | * '''European Cup Winners' Cup''': | ||
| ** Home: 1–4 v ] ( |
** Home: 1–4 v ] (quarter final first leg) (2–4 aggregate scoreline), 4 March 1981 | ||
| ** Away: 2–4 v ] ( |
** Away: 2–4 v ] (quarter final first leg) (5–5 aggregate scoreline, West Ham won on away goals), 3 March 1976 | ||
| ** Neutral: 2–4 v ] (Final) 5 May 1976 | ** Neutral: 2–4 v ] (Final), 5 May 1976 | ||
| * '''UEFA Cup''': | * '''UEFA Cup''': | ||
| ** Home: 0–1 v ] ( |
** Home: 0–1 v ] (round one first leg), 14 September 2006 | ||
| ** Away: 0–3 v ] ( |
** Away: 0–3 v ] (round one second leg), 28 September 2006 | ||
| ===Club league highs and lows=== | ===Club league highs and lows=== | ||
| {{ |
{{See also|List of West Ham United F.C. seasons}} | ||
| '''Highest league finish''' | |||
| *3rd in ] (level 1),<ref name="divisions" /> ] | |||
| {| | {| | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| Line 1,014: | Line 1,096: | ||
| * '''Home''': | * '''Home''': | ||
| ** '''Most''': | ** '''Most''': | ||
| ** Most |
** Most home wins: 19 ''(1980–81)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most home draws: 10 ''(1981–82)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most home defeats: 10 ''(1988–89)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most home goals scored: 59 ''(1958–59)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most home goals conceded: 44 ''(1930–31)'' | ||
| ** '''Fewest''': | ** '''Fewest''': | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest home wins: 3 ''(1988–89)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest home draws: 1 ''(1934–35, 1980–81)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest home defeats: 1 ''(1957–58, 1980–81)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest home goals scored: 19 ''(1988–89)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest home goals conceded: 11 ''(1920–21, 1922–23)'' | ||
| | style="width:80px;"| | | style="width:80px;"| | ||
| | valign="top" | | | valign="top" | | ||
| * '''Away''': | * '''Away''': | ||
| ** '''Most''': | ** '''Most''': | ||
| ** Most |
** Most away wins: 13 ''(2011–12)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most away draws: 10 ''(1968–69)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most away defeats: 17 ''(1932–33)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most away goals scored: 45 ''(1957–58)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most away goals conceded: 70 ''(1931–32)'' | ||
| ** '''Fewest''': | ** '''Fewest''': | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest away wins: 1 ''(1925–26, 1932–33, 1937–38, 1960–61, 2009–10)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest away draws: 1 ''(1982–83)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest away defeats: 3 ''(1980–81)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest away goals scored: 12 ''(1996–97)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest away goals conceded: 16 ''(1990–91)'' | ||
| | style="width:80px;"| | | style="width:80px;"| | ||
| | valign="top" | | | valign="top" | | ||
| * '''Total''': | * '''Total''': | ||
| ** '''Most''': | ** '''Most''': | ||
| ** Most |
** Most wins: 28 ''(1980–81)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most draws: 18 ''(1968–69)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most defeats: 23 ''(1931–32)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most goals scored: 101 ''(1957–58)'' | ||
| ** Most |
** Most goals conceded: 107 ''(1931–32)'' | ||
| ** '''Fewest''': | ** '''Fewest''': | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest wins: 7 ''(2010–11)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest draws: 4 ''(1934–35, 1964–65, 1982–83)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest defeats: 4 ''(1980–81)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest goals scored: 37 ''(1988–89, 1991–92)'' | ||
| ** Fewest |
** Fewest goals conceded: 29 ''(1980–81)'' | ||
| |} | |} | ||
| {| | |||
| |- | |||
| | valign="top" | | |||
| ===Club goal records=== | ===Club goal records=== | ||
| Line 1,071: | Line 1,149: | ||
| ** ] (6) v ] (h) 9 February 1929 | ** ] (6) v ] (h) 9 February 1929 | ||
| ** ] (6) v ] (h) 19 October 1968 | ** ] (6) v ] (h) 19 October 1968 | ||
| ''Follow link to Official West Ham United Records Page''<ref>''''</ref> | ''Follow link to Official West Ham United Records Page''<ref>''''</ref> | ||
| | style="width:80px;"| | |||
| | valign="top" | | |||
| ===Player records=== | ===Player records=== | ||
| Line 1,079: | Line 1,155: | ||
| |- | |- | ||
| | valign="top" | | | valign="top" | | ||
| '''Appearances''' | ''']''' | ||
| # '''799''' ] (1967–88) | # '''799''' ] (1967–88) | ||
| # '''670''' ] (1967–85) | # '''670''' ] (1967–85) | ||
| # '''644''' ] (1958–74) | # '''644''' ] (1958–74) | ||
| # '''643''' ] (1967–84) | # '''643''' ] (1967–84) | ||
| # '''600''' ] (1977–96) | # '''600''' ] (1977–96) | ||
| # '''550''' ] (2004–22) | |||
| # '''548''' ] (1921–37) | # '''548''' ] (1921–37) | ||
| # '''505''' ] (1985–02) | # '''505''' ] (1985–02) | ||
| # '''505''' ] (1920–35) | # '''505''' ] (1920–35) | ||
| # '''502''' ] (1959–72) | # '''502''' ] (1959–72) | ||
| # '''467''' ] (1924–43) | |||
| * ] | |||
| | style="width:100px;" | | | style="width:100px;" | | ||
| | valign="top" | | | valign="top" | | ||
| '''Goals''' | ''']''' | ||
| # '''326''' ] (1920–35) | # '''326''' ] (1920–35) | ||
| # '''252''' ] (1959–72) | # '''252''' ] (1959–72) | ||
| Line 1,105: | Line 1,180: | ||
| # '''100''' ] (1953–63) | # '''100''' ] (1953–63) | ||
| # '''100''' ] (1962–70) | # '''100''' ] (1962–70) | ||
| * ] | |||
| |} | |||
| |} | |} | ||
| ==In popular culture== | |||
| * In the ] ] '']'' and its follow-on and spin-off series '']'' and '']'' the character ]'s biggest passion in life was his local ] team West Ham United and featured throughout the run of the show. There were a number of episodes that focused on Alfs support of West Ham such as Season 4's Episode 5 "Up The Hammers", and in particular his idolising of club heroes such as Bobby Moore and Martin Peters who both feature in the same episode.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01h0q9w|title=BBC Two - I Love the 1970s|website=BBC}}</ref> | |||
| * The 2022 action film '']'' features two British assassins - Tangerine and Lemon - who are diehard West Ham United fans. The film features several renditions of the club's theme song, including one featuring ] as the singer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt12593682/|title=Bullet Train|website=IMDB}}</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| {{Portal|Association football|English football|London}} | {{Portal|Association football|English football|London}} | ||
| {{Clear}} | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ], the affiliated women's team | |||
| ==Sources== | |||
| * {{Cite book | author=Belton, Brian| title="BROWN OUT": The Biography of West Ham Chairmen, Terence Brown | publisher=Pennant Publishing Ltd| year=2007| isbn=1-906015-11-2 }} | |||
| * {{Cite book | author=Belton, Brian| title=West Ham United Miscellany| publisher=Pennant Books | year=2006| isbn=0-9550394-4-4}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |author1=Blows, Kirk |author2=Hogg, Tony |lastauthoramp=yes | title=The Essential History of West Ham United | publisher=Headline | year=2000| isbn=0-7472-7036-8}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |author1=Hellier, John |author2=Leatherdale, Clive |lastauthoramp=yes | title=West Ham United: The Elite Era – A Complete Record | publisher=Desert Island| year=2000| isbn=1-874287-31-7}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Hogg |first=Tony |title=Who's Who of West Ham United |year=2005 |publisher=Profile Sports Media| isbn= 1-903135-50-8}} | |||
| * {{Cite book | author=Kerrigan, Colm | title=Gatling Gun George Hilsdon |publisher=Football Lives |year=1997 | isbn=0-9530718-0-4}} | |||
| * {{Cite book | author=Korr, Charles| title=West Ham United: the Making of a Football Club | publisher=University of Illinois Press| year=1986| isbn=0-252-01405-7 }} | |||
| * {{Cite book |author1=Nawrat, Chris |author2=Hutchings, Steve |lastauthoramp=yes | title = The Sunday Times Illustrated History of Football | publisher=Hamlyn| year=1996 |isbn=1-85613-341-9}} | |||
| * {{Cite book | author=Pickering, David | title = The Cassell Soccer Companion | publisher=Cassell | year=1994 |isbn=0-304-34231-9}} | |||
| * {{Cite book | author=Redknapp, Harry With Derek McGovern| title=Harry Redknapp – My Autobiography | publisher=HarperCollins | year=1998| isbn=0-00-218872-4}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |author1=Ward, Adam |author2=Smith, Dave |lastauthoramp=yes | title=The Official West Ham United Dream Team | publisher=Hamlyn| year=2003| isbn=0-600-60835-2}} | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist |
{{Reflist}} | ||
| ==Bibliography== | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Belton, Brian |title="BROWN OUT": The Biography of West Ham Chairmen, Terence Brown |publisher=Pennant Publishing Ltd |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-906015-11-4}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Belton |first=Brian |title=West Ham United Miscellany |publisher=Pennant Books |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-9550394-4-7}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last1=Blows, Kirk |title=The Essential History of West Ham United |last2=Hogg, Tony |publisher=Headline |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-7472-7036-2 |name-list-style=amp}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last1=Hellier, John |title=West Ham United: The Elite Era – A Complete Record |last2=Leatherdale, Clive |publisher=Desert Island |year=2000 |isbn=978-1-874287-31-5 |name-list-style=amp}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Hogg |first=Tony |title=Who's Who of West Ham United |publisher=Profile Sports Media |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-903135-50-1}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Kerrigan, Colm |title=Gatling Gun George Hilsdon |publisher=Football Lives |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-9530718-0-7}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Korr, Charles |title=West Ham United: the Making of a Football Club |publisher=University of Illinois Press |year=1986 |isbn=978-0-252-01405-5}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last1=Nawrat, Chris |title=The Sunday Times Illustrated History of Football |last2=Hutchings, Steve |publisher=Hamlyn |year=1996 |isbn=978-1-85613-341-8 |name-list-style=amp}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Pickering, David |title=The Cassell Soccer Companion |publisher=Cassell |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-304-34231-0}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last=Redknapp, Harry With Derek McGovern |title=Harry Redknapp – My Autobiography |publisher=HarperCollins |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-00-218872-2}} | |||
| * {{Cite book |last1=Ward, Adam |title=The Official West Ham United Dream Team |last2=Smith, Dave |publisher=Hamlyn |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-600-60835-6 |name-list-style=amp}} | |||
| ==Notes== | |||
| {{Notelist}} | |||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| {{Commons category |
{{Commons category}} | ||
| * {{ |
* {{Official website}} | ||
| * {{BBC Football Info|BBClinkname=west-ham-united}} | |||
| ===Independent websites=== | |||
| * | |||
| * {{BBC Football Info|west-ham-united}} | |||
| * | |||
| * at Sky Sports | |||
| * at Premier League | |||
| * at ] | |||
| {{West Ham United F.C.}} | {{West Ham United F.C.}} | ||
| {{Navboxes | |||
| | titlestyle = background:#7C2C3B; color:#FFFFFF; {{box-shadow border|a|#2BAEE5|2px}} | |||
| | list1 = | |||
| {{West Ham United F.C. matches}} | |||
| {{West Ham United F.C. seasons}} | {{West Ham United F.C. seasons}} | ||
| {{UEFA Europa Conference League winners}} | |||
| {{UEFA Cup Winners' Cup winners}} | |||
| {{UEFA Intertoto Cup winners}} | |||
| {{Premier League}} | {{Premier League}} | ||
| {{EFL Championship}} | |||
| {{Football in London}} | {{Football in London}} | ||
| {{LB Newham}} | {{LB Newham}}}} | ||
| {{Authority control}} | |||
| {{UEFA Cup Winners' Cup winners}} | |||
| {{UEFA Intertoto Cup winners}} | |||
| {{Good article}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 14:14, 23 December 2024
Association football club in England This article is about the men's football club. For the women's team, see West Ham United F.C. Women.Football club
 | ||||
| Full name | West Ham United Football Club | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | The Irons The Hammers | |||
| Short name | West Ham | |||
| Founded | 29 June 1895; 129 years ago (1895-06-29), as Thames Ironworks 5 July 1900; 124 years ago (1900-07-05), as West Ham United | |||
| Ground | London Stadium | |||
| Capacity | 62,500 | |||
| Owner(s) | David Sullivan (38.8%) Daniel Křetínský (27%) Vanessa Gold (25.1%) J. Albert "Tripp" Smith (8%) Other investors (1.1%) | |||
| Co-chairmen | David Sullivan and Vanessa Gold | |||
| Manager | Julen Lopetegui | |||
| League | Premier League | |||
| 2023–24 | Premier League, 9th of 20 | |||
| Website | whufc.com | |||
| ||||
 Current season | ||||
West Ham United Football Club is a professional football club based in Stratford, East London, England. The club competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. The club plays at the London Stadium, having moved from their former home, the Boleyn Ground, in 2016.
West Ham United was founded in 1895 as Thames Ironworks and reformed in 1900 as West Ham United. It moved to the Boleyn Ground, which remained its home ground for more than a century, in 1904. The team initially competed in the Southern League and Western League before joining the Football League in 1919. It was promoted to the top flight in 1923, when it was also losing finalist in the first FA Cup final held at Wembley. In 1940, the club won the inaugural Football League War Cup.
West Ham United has won five major honours in its history. Domestically, it has been winner of the FA Cup three times (1964, 1975 and 1980) and runner-up twice (1923 and 2006). In European competitions, the club has reached three major European finals winning the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1965, finishing runner-up in the same competitions in 1976, and winning the second edition of the Europa Conference League in 2023. The club has also won one minor European trophy by winning the Intertoto Cup in 1999. West Ham United is one of eight clubs never to have fallen below the second tier of English football, spending 66 of 98 league seasons in the top flight, up to and including the 2023–24 season. The club's highest league position to date came in 1985–86, when it achieved third place in the then First Division.
Three West Ham players were members of the 1966 World Cup finals-winning England team: captain Bobby Moore and goalscorers Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. The club has a long-standing rivalry with Millwall, and the fixture has gained notoriety for frequent incidents of football hooliganism. West Ham adopted their claret and sky blue colour scheme in the early 1900s, with the most common iteration of a claret shirt and sky blue sleeves first emerging in 1904.
History
Main article: History of West Ham United F.C.Origins
Main article: Thames Ironworks F.C.
The earliest generally accepted incarnation of West Ham United was founded in 1895 as Thames Ironworks F.C., the works team of the largest and last surviving shipbuilder on the Thames, Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, by foreman and local league referee Dave Taylor and owner Arnold Hills and was announced in the Thames Ironworks Gazette of June 1895. Thames Ironworks was based in Leamouth Wharf in Blackwall and Canning Town on both banks of the River Lea, where the Lea meets the Thames. Thames Ironworks built many ships and other structures, the most famous being HMS Warrior. The last ship built there was the dreadnought HMS Thunderer in 1912 and the yard shut soon after.
The repair yard of the Castle Shipping Line was a very near neighbour and their work team, initially known as the Castle Swifts, would informally merge with the Thames Ironworks own team.
The team played on a strictly amateur basis for 1895 at least, with a team featuring a number of works employees. Thomas Freeman was a ships fireman and Walter Parks, a clerk. Johnny Stewart, Walter Tranter and James Lindsay were all boilermakers. Other employees included William Chapman, George Sage and Fred Chamberlain, as well as apprentice riveter Charlie Dove, who was to have a great influence on the club's future at a later date.
1895–96: First kit
|
Thames Ironworks won the West Ham Charity Cup, contested by clubs in the West Ham locality, in 1895, then won the London League in 1897. They turned professional in 1898 upon entering the Southern League Second Division, and were promoted to the First Division at the first attempt. The following year they came second from bottom, but had established themselves as a fully-fledged competitive team. They comfortably fended off the challenge of local rivals Fulham in a relegation play-off, 5–1 in late April 1900 and retained their First Division status.
The team initially played in full dark blue kits, as inspired by Mr. Hills, who had been an Oxford University "Blue", but changed the following season by adopting the sky blue shirts and white shorts combination worn from 1897 to 1899.
Following growing disputes over the running and financing of the club, in June 1900 Thames Ironworks F.C. was disbanded, then almost immediately relaunched as West Ham United F.C. — reflecting the West Ham, London district where they played — on 5 July 1900 with Syd King as their manager and future manager Charlie Paynter as his assistant. Because of the original "works team" roots and links (still represented upon the club badge), they are still known as "the Irons" or "the Hammers" amongst fans and the media.
Birth of West Ham United (1901–1961)
West Ham United joined the Western League for the 1901 season while also continuing to play in the Southern Division 1. In 1907, West Ham were crowned the Western League Division 1B Champions, and then defeated 1A champions Fulham 1–0 to become the Western League Overall Champions. The reborn club continued to play their games at the Memorial Grounds in Plaistow (funded by Arnold Hills) but moved to a pitch in the Upton Park area in the guise of the Boleyn Ground stadium in 1904. West Ham's first game in their new home was against fierce rivals Millwall (themselves an Ironworks team, albeit for a rival company) drawing a crowd of 10,000 and with West Ham running out 3–0 winners, and as the Daily Mirror wrote on 2 September 1904, "Favoured by the weather turning fine after heavy rains of the morning, West Ham United began their season most auspiciously yesterday evening; when they beat Millwall by 3 goals to 0 on their new enclosure at Upton Park."
In 1919, still under King's leadership, West Ham gained entrance to the Football League Second Division, their first game being a 1–1 draw with Lincoln City, and were promoted to the First Division in 1923, also making it to the first ever FA Cup final to be held at the old Wembley Stadium. Their opponents were Bolton Wanderers. This was also known as the "White Horse final", so named because an estimated 200,000 people came to see the match and the crowd was spilling out on to the pitch, which had to be cleared prior to kick-off by "Billie", a giant white horse (actually grey) being ridden by PC George Scorey. The cup final match itself ended 2–0 to Bolton. The team enjoyed mixed success in the First Division but retained their status for ten years and reached the FA Cup semi-final in 1933.
In 1932, the club was relegated to the Second Division and long-term custodian Syd King was sacked after serving the club in the role of manager for 32 years, and as a player from 1899 to 1903. Following relegation, King had mental health problems. He appeared drunk at a board meeting and killed himself soon after. He was replaced with his assistant manager Charlie Paynter, who himself had been with West Ham in a number of roles since 1897 and who went on to serve the team in this role until 1950 for a total of 480 games. The club spent most of the next thirty years in the second division, first under Paynter and then later under the leadership of former player Ted Fenton.
Fenton succeeded in getting the club promoted back to the top level of English football in 1958. With the considerable input of player Malcolm Allison, Fenton helped develop both the initial batch of future West Ham stars and West Ham's approach to the game.
Glory years (1961–1986)
Ron Greenwood was appointed as Fenton's successor in 1961 and soon led the club to two major trophies, winning the 1964 FA Cup Final. The team was led by the young Bobby Moore. West Ham also won the European Cup Winners' Cup the following year. During the 1966 World Cup, key members of the tournament winners England were West Ham players, including the captain, Bobby Moore; Martin Peters (who scored in the final); and Geoff Hurst, who scored the first hat-trick in a World Cup final. All three players had come through the youth team at West Ham.
There is a "Champions" statue in Barking Road, opposite The Boleyn Tavern, commemorating West Ham's "three sons" who helped win the 1966 World Cup: Bobby Moore, Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. Also included on the statue is Everton's Ray Wilson.
After a difficult start to the 1974–75 season, Greenwood moved himself "upstairs" to become general manager and, without informing the board, appointed his assistant John Lyall as team manager. The result was instant success – the team scored 20 goals in their first four games and won the FA Cup, becoming the last team to win the FA Cup with an all-English side when they beat Fulham 2–0 in the 1975 final. The Fulham team included two former England captains, Alan Mullery and West Ham legend Bobby Moore. Lyall then guided West Ham to another European Cup Winners' Cup final in 1976, though the team lost the match 4–2 to Belgian side Anderlecht. Greenwood's tenure as general manager lasted less than three years, as he was appointed to manage England in the wake of Don Revie's resignation in 1977.
In 1978, West Ham were again relegated to the Second Division, but Lyall was retained as manager and led the team to victory in the 1980 FA Cup final with a 1–0 win against Arsenal, the most recent time a team from outside the top flight has won the FA Cup. They reached the final by defeating Everton in the semi-final. West Ham were promoted to the First Division in 1981, and finished in the top ten of the First Division for the next three seasons before achieving their highest-ever league finish of third in 1985–86; a group of players which came to be known as The Boys of 86.
Ups and downs (1986–2005)
However, the Hammers suffered relegation again in 1989, which resulted in Lyall's sacking. He was awarded an ex gratia payment of £100,000 (equivalent to £314,000 in 2023) but left the club in what Lyall described as "upsetting" circumstances, meriting only 73 words in a terse acknowledgement of his service in the club programme. Lyall left West Ham after 34 years' service.
After Lyall, Lou Macari briefly led the team, though he resigned after less than a single season in order to clear his name of allegations of illegal betting while manager of Swindon Town. He was replaced by former player Billy Bonds. In Bonds' first full season, 1990–91, West Ham again secured promotion to the First Division. Now back in the top flight, Bonds saw West Ham through one of their most controversial seasons. With the club planning to introduce a bond scheme, there was crowd unrest. West Ham finished last and were relegated back to the Second Division after only one season. However, they rebounded strongly in 1992–93. With Trevor Morley and Clive Allen scoring 40 goals, they guaranteed themselves second place on the last day of the season with a 2–0 home win against Cambridge United, and with it promotion to the Premier League.
With the team in the Premier League, there was a need to rebuild the team. Oxford United player Joey Beauchamp was recruited for a fee of £1.2 million (equivalent to £3.1 million in 2023). Shortly after arriving at the club, however, he became unhappy, citing homesickness from his native Oxford as the reason. Bonds in particular found this attitude hard to understand compared to his own committed, never-say-die approach; providing for Bonds' further evidence of the decay in the modern game and modern player. Fifty-eight days later, Beauchamp was signed by Swindon Town for a club-record combined fee of £800,000 (equivalent to £2.1 million in 2023), which included defender Adrian Whitbread going in the opposite direction. Whitbread was valued at £750,000 (equivalent to £1.8 million in 2023) in the deal.
Assistant manager Harry Redknapp was also now taking a bigger role in the transfer of players, with the club's approval. With rumours of his old club AFC Bournemouth being prepared to offer him a position, the West Ham board and their managing director, Peter Storrie, made a controversial move. The board were anxious not to lose Redknapp's services and offered Bonds a place away from the day-to-day affairs of the club on the West Ham board. This would have allowed them to appoint Redknapp as manager. Bonds refused the post offered and walked away from the club. His accusations of deceit and manipulation by the board and by Redknapp have continued to cause ill-feeling. Peter Storrie claimed that they had handled the situation correctly, saying, "If Harry had gone to Bournemouth, there was a good chance Bill would have resigned anyway, so we were in a no-win situation. We're sad that Bill is going, and it's a big blow but it's time to move on and we have appointed a great manager." Redknapp became manager on 10 August 1994.
Redknapp's seven years as manager was notable for the turnover of players during his tenure and for the level of attractive football and success which had not been seen since the managership of John Lyall. Over 134 players passed through the club while he was manager, producing a net transfer fee deficit of £16 million, despite the £18 million sale (equivalent to £38.3 million in 2023) of Rio Ferdinand to Leeds United in 2000. Some were notably successful, such as the signings of Stuart Pearce, Trevor Sinclair, Paolo Di Canio, John Hartson, Eyal Berkovic and Ian Wright. Meanwhile, some were expensive, international players who failed at West Ham, such as Florin Raducioiu; Davor Šuker, who earned as much in wages as the revenue gained from one entire stand and yet made only eight appearances; Christian Bassila, who cost £720,000 (equivalent to £1.5 million in 2023) and played only 86 minutes of football; Titi Camara; Gary Charles, whose wages amounted to £4.4 million (equivalent to £9 million in 2023) but made only three starts for the club; Rigobert Song; Paulo Futre; and Marco Boogers, a player often quoted as one of the biggest failures in the Premier League. His first season in charge saw West Ham fighting the threat of relegation until the last few weeks, while his third season would also see another relegation battle. Always willing to enter the transfer market, Redknapp bought in the winter transfer window John Hartson and Paul Kitson, who added the impetus needed at the season's end.
In 1999, West Ham finished fifth, their highest position in the top flight since 1986. They also won the Intertoto Cup beating French club Metz to qualify for the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup. Things began to falter for Redknapp with the sale of Ferdinand to Leeds in November 2000. Redknapp used the transfer money poorly with purchases such as Ragnvald Soma, who cost £800,000 (equivalent to £1.7 million in 2023) and played only seven league games, Camara, and Song. Redknapp felt he needed more funds with which to deal in the transfer market. Chairman Brown lost patience with Redknapp due to his demands for further transfer funds. In June 2001, called to a meeting with Brown expecting to discuss contracts, he was fired. His assistant Frank Lampard left too, making the sale of his son, Frank Lampard Jr., inevitable; in the summer of 2001, he joined Chelsea for £11 million (equivalent to £23 million in 2023).
With several names, such as former player Alan Curbishley, now linked with the job, Chairman Brown recruited from within the club, appointing reserve team coach Glenn Roeder as manager on 9 May 2001. He had already failed in management with Gillingham, where he lost 22 of the 35 games he managed, and Watford. His first big signings were the return of Don Hutchison for £5 million (equivalent to £10.4 million in 2023) and Czech centre back Tomáš Řepka. Finishing seventh in his first season Roeder, in his office at Upton Park, suffered a blocked blood vessel in his brain. As Roeder needed medical help and recuperation, former stalwart Trevor Brooking stood in as caretaker manager. Despite not losing another game, the Hammers were relegated on the last day of the season at Birmingham City, with a record high for a relegated club of 42 points from a 38-game season. Ten seasons of top-tier football were over. Many top players, including Joe Cole, Di Canio and Kanouté, all left the club.
The next season, now in the second tier, Roeder resumed his stint as manager. Results were still poor, however, and after an away defeat to Rotherham United, he was sacked on 24 August 2003. Brooking again took over as caretaker. He lost only one game, a 2–0 away defeat to Gillingham and is known as "the best manager West Ham never had."
Former Crystal Palace player and manager of Reading Alan Pardew was lined up to be the next bench boss. Reading and their chairman, John Madejski, however, were reluctant to let him leave. After serving a period of notice and gardening leave, and with West Ham paying Reading £380,000 (equivalent to £759,000 in 2023) in compensation, he was appointed manager on 18 October 2003, their tenth manager. Pardew set out to rebuild the side bringing in Nigel Reo-Coker, Marlon Harewood and Brian Deane. In his first season in charge, they made the playoff final only to lose to Crystal Palace. His signings of Bobby Zamora, Matthew Etherington and veterans Chris Powell and Teddy Sheringham saw West Ham finishing sixth and subsequently beat Preston North End 1–0 thanks to a Zamora goal in the 2005 playoff final, securing a return to the Premier League. After ensuring promotion, Pardew said, "It's a team effort. We defended well and we're back where we belong."
Final years at the Boleyn (2005–2016)
On their return to the top division, West Ham finished in ninth place, The highlight of the 2005–06 season, however, was reaching the FA Cup final and taking favourites Liverpool to a penalty shootout after a 3–3 draw. West Ham lost the shootout, but nonetheless gained entry to the following season's UEFA Cup as Liverpool had already qualified for the Champions League. In August 2006, West Ham completed a major coup on the last day of the transfer window after completing the signings of Carlos Tevez and Javier Mascherano. The club was eventually bought by an Icelandic consortium, led by Eggert Magnússon, in November 2006. Manager Alan Pardew was sacked after poor form during the season and was replaced by former Charlton Athletic manager Alan Curbishley.
The signings of Mascherano and Tevez were investigated by the Premier League, who were concerned that details of the transfers had been omitted from official records. The club was found guilty and fined £5.5 million in April 2007. However, West Ham avoided a points deduction which ultimately became critical in their avoidance of relegation at the end of the 2006–07 season. Following on from this event, Wigan Athletic chairman Dave Whelan, supported by other sides facing possible relegation, including Fulham and Sheffield United, threatened legal action. West Ham escaped relegation by winning seven of their last nine games, including a 1–0 win over Arsenal, and on the last day of the season defeated newly crowned League Champions Manchester United 1–0 with a goal by Tevez to finish 15th.
In the 2007–08 season, West Ham remained reasonably consistently in the top half of the league table, with Freddie Ljungberg in the team, despite a slew of injuries; new signing Craig Bellamy missed most of the campaign, while Kieron Dyer was out from August 2007. The last game of the season, at the Boleyn Ground, saw West Ham draw 2–2 against Aston Villa, ensuring a tenth-place finish three points ahead of rivals Tottenham Hotspur. It was a five-place improvement on the previous season, and most importantly West Ham were never under any realistic threat of relegation.
After a row with the board over the sale of defenders Anton Ferdinand and George McCartney to Sunderland, manager Alan Curbishley resigned on 3 September 2008. His successor was former Chelsea striker Gianfranco Zola, who took over on 11 September 2008 to become the club's first non-British manager. In the 2008–09 season, West Ham finished ninth, a single place improvement.
In the 2009–10 season, West Ham started strongly with a 2–0 win over newly promoted Wolverhampton Wanderers, with goals from Mark Noble and newly appointed captain Matthew Upson. A League Cup match against old rivals Millwall brought about violent riots outside the ground as well as pitch invasions and crowd trouble inside Upton Park. In August 2009, the financial concerns of Icelandic owners parent companies left the current owners unable to provide any funds until a new owner was found. The club's shirt sponsor SBOBET provided the club with help to purchase a much needed striker, the Italian Alessandro Diamanti.
West Ham had a poor season which involved a prolonged battle against relegation. They finally secured their survival with two games remaining by defeating Wigan 3–2. The club managed to take 35 points from 38 games, seven fewer than the total they had when relegated seven years prior. On 11 May 2010, two days after the end of the 2009–10 season, West Ham announced the termination of Zola's contract with immediate effect. On 3 June 2010, Avram Grant signed a four-year deal to become the next manager of West Ham subject to a work permit. West Ham's form continued to be poor with the team seldom outside the relegation zone, placing Grant's future as manager under serious doubt. A 4–0 Football League Cup quarter-final win over Manchester United was an otherwise bright spot in a disappointing season. West Ham's form in the Premier League did not affect their form in the two domestic cups. The Hammers reached the semi-final of the League Cup before being eliminated by eventual winners Birmingham City as well as the quarter-final of the FA Cup before a 2–1 defeat at eventual runners-up Stoke City.
On 15 May 2011, West Ham's relegation to the Championship was confirmed after a comeback from Wigan at the DW Stadium. With West Ham leading 2–0 at half-time through two Demba Ba goals, Wigan battled back to win 3–2 thanks to an added-time strike from Charles N'Zogbia. Following the loss, West Ham announced the sacking of manager Avram Grant just one season into his tenure. On 1 June 2011, Sam Allardyce was appointed as manager as Grant's replacement.
The club finished third in the 2011–12 Football League Championship with 86 points and took part in the play-offs. They beat Cardiff City in the play-off semi-final 5–0 on aggregate to reach the final against Blackpool at Wembley on 19 May 2012. Carlton Cole opened the scoring, and although Blackpool equalised early in the second half, Ricardo Vaz Tê scored the winner for West Ham in the 87th minute.
West Ham, on their return to the Premier League, signed former players James Collins and George McCartney on permanent deals, as well as record signing Matt Jarvis and Andy Carroll on loan. They won their first game of the season, on 18 August 2012, 1–0 against Aston Villa thanks to a Kevin Nolan goal. The highlight of the first half of the season was a 3–1 home win against reigning European champions Chelsea on 1 December 2012 which saw them in eighth position and 12th at the end of the year. On 22 March 2013, West Ham secured a 99-year lease deal on the Olympic Stadium, with it planned to be used as their home ground from the 2016–17 season. Tenth place was secured at the end of the season with nine home wins and only three away from home. Only 11 away goals were scored, the lowest of the entire league.
In 2013–14, West Ham finished 13th in the Premier League. They also reached the semi-finals of the League Cup before losing 9–0 on aggregate to eventual cup-winners Manchester City. A feature of the season were the criticisms of manager Sam Allardyce by supporters relating to his perceived negative playing tactics. West Ham finished 12th in the 2014–15 Premier League, one place higher than the previous season. Minutes after the last game of the season, on 24 May 2015, the club announced that Allardyce's contract would not be renewed and that they were seeking a new manager. By winning the Premier League Fair Play table for 2014–15, West Ham qualified for the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League, entering at the first qualifying round.
On 9 June 2015, former West Ham player Slaven Bilić was appointed as manager on a three-year contract. In Bilić's fourth game in charge, the team won at Anfield for the first time in 52 years, beating Liverpool 0–3, with goals from Manuel Lanzini, Mark Noble and Diafra Sakho. At the end of the season, West Ham finished 7th in the Premier League. The team broke several records for the club in the Premier League era, including the highest number of points (62), the highest number of goals in a season (65), the fewest games lost in a season (8) and the lowest number of away defeats (5). The season also marked the last season where the team played at the Boleyn Ground, with them moving to the London Stadium from next season - ending their 112-year stay at the stadium.
Move to London Stadium and European success (2016–)
Following Manchester United's win in the 2016 FA Cup final, West Ham took their Europa League place and qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2016–17 edition. At the end of the first season at the London Stadium, the team finished 11th, along with having to deal with the departure of star man Dimitri Payet. However, the team suffered a poor start to the following season, taking only two wins in their opening 11 games. Following a 4–1 defeat to Liverpool at home and with the team threatened by relegation, Bilić was sacked on 6 November 2017. He was replaced by former Sunderland boss David Moyes on a contract until the end of the season. The team battled inconsistent form for the rest of the season but managed to avoid relegation and finish 13th. Moyes was not offered a new contract and left the club on the expiration of it on 16 May 2018.
On 22 May 2018, the club appointed former Manchester City boss Manuel Pellegrini as the new manager on a three-year contract. In his first season in charge, the Hammers finished 10th, once again suffering from inconsistent form. However, after a poor first half to the following season, Pellegrini was sacked in December 2019 with the team only one point above the relegation zone. His last game in charge was a 2–1 home loss to Leicester City. He was replaced by David Moyes, who returned for a second spell in charge a day later.
On 22 July 2020, the club secured their Premier League status for another season, following a 1–1 draw away to Manchester United. Ahead of the 2020–21 season, West Ham's ownership attracted criticism, including from club captain Mark Noble who publicly criticized the sale of academy graduate Grady Diangana. Despite losing the opening two games of the season, West Ham's form improved and by the end of November, the club sat in fifth place. The club would not drop out of a European spot for the rest of the season and went on to qualify for the 2021–22 UEFA Europa League group stages after finishing in 6th. Moyes signed a new three-year contract on 12 June 2021.
West Ham won their first three games of the year 2022, temporarily elevating the club to fourth place in the Premier League. The team beat Sevilla 2–1 on aggregate to reach a first European quarter-final in 41 years, followed by a 4–1 aggregate win over Lyon for a first such semi-final since 1976. Playing the same opposition they met in their 1976 European Cup Winners' Cup semi-final, Eintracht Frankfurt, the Hammers were knocked out of the Europa League, following a 3–1 aggregate loss to the German side. At the end of the 2021–22 Premier League season, West Ham confirmed a second successive season of European football, qualifying for the UEFA Europa Conference League after finishing seventh. The season was also notable for being Mark Noble's final as a West Ham player, with the midfielder retiring from football after 18 years as a first team player at the club, making 550 appearances in all competitions, scoring 62 times. By finishing 7th in the 2021–22 Premier League, West Ham qualified for the 2022–23 Europa Conference League, entering at the play-off stage.
The 2022–23 campaign was a mixed bag for the Hammers. The club finished 14th in the Premier League, only securing their Premier League status with two games remaining and exiting the League Cup to lower league opposition in a season that saw manager David Moyes come under pressure. In January 2023, Mark Noble returned to the club as sporting director. Despite the troubles in West Ham's domestic campaign, they excelled in the Europa Conference League. The club progressed to the final unbeaten, winning 13 games and drawing just once. They went on to win the competition, defeating Fiorentina 2–1 in the final to claim their first major trophy since 1980 and their first European trophy in 58 years. Moyes was not offered a new contract in 2024, having led West Ham to three consecutive European seasons for the first time in their history, reaching at least the quarter-finals of each. On May 23, the club named Julen Lopetegui as his replacement.
Crest
Thames Ironworks FC
The Thames Ironworks Team (1895–1900) used the Union Flag as its badge.
Rivet Hammers
The principal element of the badge is the crossed pair of rivet hammers, tools that were used in the shipbuilding industry. The Blackwall and Canning Town neighbourhoods surrounding the Thames Ironworks echoed to the sound of hammers; steam hammers, sledge hammers and rivet hammers.
Seven large mechanical steam hammers would punch small holes near the edges of the iron plates which would be joined to build the ships. The plates would be put in place and fixed together with rivets by teams of five, three inside the emerging vessel and two outside.
Inside the ship one member of the team would heat the rivets till they were white hot and, using Iron Fingers (blacksmith's tongs), throw them to a second person, known as a "catch-boy" or "putter-in", who would pick the rivet up and place it the hole, also using tongs. The third person was known as the "holder-on" and he would then smash the rivet home with a sixteen-pound sledgehammer and then use his sledgehammer to hold the rivet in place while the men on the other side flattened the other end of the rivet.
Outside the ship, exposed to the elements, two men with rivet hammers – one right-handed, one left-handed – would hammer the protruding and still glowing rivet flat, so securing one of the many points necessary to link each of the ship's large plates.
The crossed hammers were also incorporated into the coat of arms of the County Borough of West Ham and those of its successor, the modern London Borough of Newham. The Thames Ironworks lay partly within what is now the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. However, the blacksmith's tongs in that Borough's coat of arms represent the local saint, Dunstan, the patron saint of Stepney and metalworkers, rather than the Ironworks.
Tower
A yellow or white tower was added, intermittently, from the 1950s onwards. The primary reason for this seems to be to represent Anne Boleyn's Tower, the most notable feature of Green Street House, an originally Tudor group of buildings which stood next to the Boleyn Ground until demolished in 1955. Green Street House was also known as Boleyn Castle through an association with Anne Boleyn. The manor was reputedly one of the sites at which Henry VIII courted his second queen, though there is no documentary evidence to support the tradition.
There are a number of other factors which may have influenced the inclusion of the stylised castle feature, for instance:
- to reflect the contribution made to the club by players of Old Castle Swifts
- The imposing towers, roofs and doorway of the Engineering Department of the Thames Ironworks bore a strong resemblance to the castle feature in earlier iterations of the badge.
- The first verse of the club's anthem I'm forever blowing bubbles begins "I'm dreaming dreams, I'm scheming schemes, I'm building castles high".
- The White Tower of the Tower of London as emblematic of East London. For hundreds of years, up until 1900, inner East London had been known as the Tower Division, an area which owed military service to the Tower of London. The (originally whitewashed) White Tower was used as insignia for the area, for instance on cap badges of local units of the army.
- In recognition of the 'West Ham Pals', the 13th Battalion of the Essex Regiment which was raised in Stratford in 1915 and saw extensive action and heavy losses on the Western Front in the World War I. The Battalion was formed from volunteers from West Ham and East London generally. Their war cry was "Up the Hammers". The cap badge of the Essex Regiment was the castle and key of Gibraltar, though the unit made an unsuccessful request to the War Office that crossed hammers could be used instead.
- The adoption (in 1904) of Boleyn Castle FC as the club's reserve side when they took over their grounds on the site.
Shield
A shield has been used in many iterations of the club badge, and the shape of the 2016 version matches the cross-section on the hull of HMS Warrior, the most famous ship built by the Thames Ironworks. However examining draughtsman's diagrams of the ship casts doubt on the resemblance between the shield and the ship.
Iterations
The crest was redesigned and updated in the late 1990s, featuring a wider yellow castle with fewer cruciform "windows" along with the peaked roofs being removed; the tops of the towers had previously made the castle appear more akin to Disneyland's Sleeping Beauty's Castle than a functioning fortress. The designer also altered other details to give a more substantial feel to the iconography.
When the club rebuilt the west stand of the Boleyn Ground (construction finished 2001–02) the "castle" from the redesigned badge was incorporated into the structure at the main entrance to the ground. A pair of towers were prominent features of the ground's appearance, both bearing large club badges.
A new badge was introduced following the end of the 2015–16 season, when the club moved into the Olympic Stadium. It removes the Boleyn Castle due to the club moving away, leaving just the crossed hammers, which the club says is inspired by the crest before and during the career of Bobby Moore. The word "London" was introduced below to "establish the club firmly on the international stage", and the more minimalist approach is to give a "strong statement that is instantly West Ham United". The shape of the crest is that of the hull of HMS Warrior, the first ironclad warship in the Royal Navy, which was built by Thames Ironworks.
Colours
The original colours of the team were dark blue, due to Thames Ironworks chairman Arnold Hills being a former student of Oxford University (see Oxford blue). However, the team used a variety of kits including the claret and sky blue house colours of Thames Ironworks, as well as sky blue or white kit.
The Irons permanently adopted claret and blue for home colours in 1903.
One story suggests that Thames Ironworks right-half Charlie Dove received the Aston Villa kit from William Belton, who was a professional sprinter of national repute, as well as being involved with the coaching at Thames Ironworks. Belton had been at a fair in Birmingham, close to Villa Park, the home ground of Aston Villa and was challenged to a race against four Villa players, who wagered money that one of them would win. Belton defeated them and, when they were unable to pay the bet, one of the Villa players who was responsible for washing the team's kit offered a complete team's "football kits" to Belton in payment. The Aston Villa player subsequently reported to his club that the kit was "missing". This, however, is often disputed.
Thames Ironworks, and later West Ham United, retained the claret yoke/blue sleeves design, but also continued to use their previously favoured colours for their away kits.
Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries
Supporters
Main article: West Ham United F.C. supportersI'm forever blowing bubbles,
Pretty bubbles in the air.
They fly so high, nearly reach the sky,
Then like my dreams they fade and die.
Fortune's always hiding,
I've looked everywhere ...
I'm forever blowing bubbles,
pretty bubbles in the air.
— original lyrics to "Bubbles", from John Helliar
The team's supporters are famous for their rendition of the chorus of their team's anthem, "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" introduced to the club by former manager Charlie Paynter in the late 1920s. A Pears soap commercial featuring the curly haired child in the Millais' "Bubbles" was well known at the time. The child resembled a player, Billy J. "Bubbles" Murray, from local schoolboy team, Park School, where the headmaster was Cornelius Beal. Beal was known locally for his music and rhyme and wrote special words to the tune of "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" whenever any player was having a good game.
Beal was a friend of Paynter, while Murray was a West Ham trialist and played football at schoolboy level with a number of West Ham players such as Jim Barrett. Through this contrivance of association the club's fans took it upon themselves to begin singing the popular music hall tune before home games, sometimes reinforced by the presence of a house band requested to play the refrain by Charlie Paynter.
The 1975 FA Cup version – which contains the original lyrics, and features vocals from the team's then-current players – is always played before home games, with the home crowd joining in and carrying the song on after the music stops at the verse line "Fortune's always hiding". Bubbles was published as a waltz whereas during the game the crowd sing it in common time.
Since the 1950s, fans have also sung the East London pub song Knees Up Mother Brown. The song title is also the name of an internet forum related to the club.
Like other teams, the team also have a history of adopting or adapting popular songs of the day to fit particular events, themes, players or personas. These have included serious renditions of theatre and movie classics such as "The Bells are Ringing", along with more pun-laden or humorous efforts, such as chanting former player Paolo Di Canio's name to the canzone "La donna è mobile" by Giuseppe Verdi, or D.I. Canio to the tune of Ottawan's "D.I.S.C.O.", or the chant of "Who Let The Potts Out?" to the tune of Baha Men's "Who Let the Dogs Out?" when Steve Potts could be seen warming up to come on as substitute late on in his career, or "That's Zamora" to the tune of Dean Martin's 1953 "That's Amore" in honour of former striker Bobby Zamora. Other former players to be serenaded include Christian Dailly with vastly-altered lyrics to Frankie Valli's "Can't Take My Eyes Off You", Joe Cole and Carlton Cole with Spandau Ballet's "Gold" song title sung as "Cole" and Luděk Mikloško. A song for West Ham favourite Bobby Moore, "Viva Bobby Moore", is also sung based on The Business's "Oi!" rendition of the song, based on The Equals' 1969 release "Viva Bobby Joe". In 2016, supporters adapted the lyrics of Billy Ray Cyrus' "Achy Breaky Heart" in honour of Dimitri Payet.
Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue,
Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue,
When the Hammers are scoring, and the South Bank are roaring,
And the money is pouring, for the Claret and Blue,
Claret and Blue,
No relegation for the Claret and Blue,
Just celebration for the Claret and Blue,
One day we'll win a cup or two, or three,
Or four or more, for West Ham and the Claret and Blue.
— Supporters song to the tune of 'The Bells are Ringing', circa 1960
When the players come onto the pitch, and at other times of celebration, as the song I'm forever blowing bubbles is being sung, around 60 bubble machines produce copious bubbles that rise high into the stadium. Fans gained national attention after giving a torrid time to David Beckham in his first away match of 1998–99 the season after the England midfielder was sent off for a petulant foul on Diego Simeone. Coinciding with the game, there were claims (and an image taken) that fans, organised by a hardcore, had hung an effigy of the player outside a local pub. Although it was later revealed that the pub was in South-East London, the heartland of West Ham's greatest rivals Millwall. The West Ham fans did, however, boo Beckham's every touch of the ball during the game.
They have also displayed a particular zeal when it comes to abusing former players, particularly those who are perceived to have abandoned the club or performed some disservice. Paul Ince, Frank Lampard, Jermain Defoe, Nigel Reo-Coker and Jesse Lingard have famously borne the brunt of verbal assaults and a guaranteed hostile reception at Upton Park. However, players such as Joe Cole, Michael Carrick, Rio Ferdinand, Bobby Zamora and Carlos Tevez receive applause and even standing ovations in honour of their contributions during their time at the club. Joe Cole subsequently rejoined West Ham from Liverpool midway through the 2012–13 season.
Hooliganism
The origins of West Ham's links with hooliganism starts in the 1960s with the establishment of The Mile End Mob (named after an area of the East End of London). During the 1970s and 1980s (the main era for organised football-related violence), West Ham gained further notoriety for the levels of hooliganism in their fan base and antagonistic behaviour towards both their own and rival fans, and the police. During the 1970s in particular, rival groups of West Ham fans from neighbouring areas often did battle with each other at games, most often groups from the neighbouring districts of Barking and Dagenham.
The Inter City Firm were one of the first "casuals", so called because they avoided police supervision by not wearing football-related clothing and travelled to away matches on regular InterCity trains, rather than on the cheap and more tightly policed "football special" charter trains. The group were an infamous West Ham-aligned gang. As the firm's moniker "inter city" suggests violent activities were not confined to local derbies – the hooligans were content to cause trouble at any game, though nearby teams often bore the brunt.
Both the 1989 film The Firm (starring Gary Oldman), and the 2005 film Green Street (starring Elijah Wood and Charlie Hunnam) are based upon West Ham hooligan firms.
Rivalries
See also: Millwall F.C.–West Ham United F.C. rivalry, London derby, and East London derbyWest Ham have strong rivalries with several other clubs. Most of these are with other London clubs, especially with Tottenham Hotspur in an East versus North London derby and with Chelsea in an East versus West London rivalry. The rivalry between West Ham and Tottenham has been fuelled by players such as Michael Carrick, Martin Peters, Paul Allen, Jermain Defoe and Scott Parker leaving the Hammers to join Tottenham. The rivalry deepened with the appointment of former Hammers manager Harry Redknapp as Tottenham's manager. Since the 2006–07 Premier League season, West Ham have developed a strong rivalry with Yorkshire club Sheffield United due to the dubious circumstances surrounding the transfer of Carlos Tevez, who helped West Ham avoid relegation at Sheffield United's expense.
The "Champions" statue, of Moore, with the World Cup, Hurst, Peters and Ray Wilson, boarded-up for protection before the visits of Millwall on 25 August 2009 and Tottenham Hotspur in March 2016
The oldest and fiercest rivalry is with Millwall. The two sides are local rivals, having both been founded by employees of local companies, with players living in the same localities. The early history of both clubs are intertwined, with West Ham proving to be the more successful in a number of meetings between the two teams at the time, resulting in West Ham being promoted at the expense of Millwall. Millwall later declined to join the fledgling Football League while West Ham went on to the top division and an FA Cup final. Later in the 1920s, the rivalry was intensified during strike action which Isle of Dogs-based companies (i.e., Millwall fans) refused to support, breeding ill will between the two camps, the bitterness of this betrayal enduring for years. In 1972, a Millwall supporter died at New Cross station after falling out of a train during a fight with West Ham fans.
The rivalry between West Ham and Millwall has involved considerable violence and is one of the most notorious within the world of football hooliganism. The teams were drawn against each other in the second round of the 2009–10 League Cup and met on 25 August 2009 at Upton Park. This was the first time in four years that the two clubs had played each other, and the first ever in the League Cup. Clashes between fans occurred outside the ground, resulting in violence erupting up to half a mile away from the stadium, with serious injuries, including the stabbing of a Millwall supporter, damage to property and several arrests reported by police. There were also several pitch invasions by West Ham supporters which brought a temporary halt to the game. In January 2010, West Ham were fined after being found guilty of violent, threatening, obscene and provocative behaviour and of failing to prevent their fans entering the field of play. Millwall were cleared of all charges.
Nicknames
The team and supporters are known as The Hammers, in part because of the club's origins as Thames Ironworks. They are also known as The Irons.
Stadium
See also: Memorial Grounds, Boleyn Ground, and London Stadium
Until 2016, West Ham were based at the Boleyn Ground, commonly known as Upton Park, in Newham, East London. The capacity of the Boleyn Ground was 35,016, and had been West Ham's ground since 1904. Prior to this, in their previous incarnation of Thames Ironworks, they played at Hermit Road in Canning Town and briefly at Browning Road in East Ham, before moving to the Memorial Grounds in Plaistow in 1897. They retained the stadium during their transition to becoming West Ham United and were there for a further four seasons before moving to the Boleyn Ground in 1904.
Former chairman Eggert Magnússon made clear his ambition for West Ham to move to the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Summer Olympics, a desire reiterated by current chairmen Gold and Sullivan when they assumed control of the club stating that they felt it was a logical move for the government as it was in the borough of Newham.
In February 2010, however, the British Olympic Minister stated that West Ham would not get the stadium, and it would instead be used for track and field. On 17 May 2010, West Ham and Newham London Borough Council submitted a formal plan to the Olympic Park Legacy Company for the use of the Olympic Stadium following the 2012 Summer Olympics. The proposal was for a stadium with a capacity of 60,000 which would retain a competition athletics track. The proposal was welcomed by the chairman of UK athletics, Ed Warner, who said, "I think it will feel great as a football stadium and I speak as a football fan as well the chairman of UK Athletics. I think you'd find West Ham would cover the track in the winter season so it wouldn't look like you had a track between you and the pitch."
On 30 September 2010, the club formally submitted its bid for the Olympic Stadium with a presentation at 10 Downing Street, and on 8 October 2010 the world's largest live entertainment company, Live Nation, endorsed the club's Olympic Stadium plans. Three days after Live Nation's backing, UK Athletics confirmed its formal support for West Ham United and Newham Council in their joint bid to take over the Olympic Stadium in legacy mode. In November 2010, West Ham began a search for potential developers for "informal discussions" about what would happen to the ground if it were to win its bid to take over the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. According to the club, the site could be vacated and open to redevelopment by summer 2014. On 11 February 2011, the Olympic Park Legacy Committee selected West Ham as the preferred club to move into the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games.
The decision in favour of West Ham's bid was unanimous, although controversial as local Premier League rivals Tottenham Hotspur had also been bidding for the venue. Hopes of moving to the stadium, however, were since placed under doubt following a legal challenge by Tottenham and Leyton Orient, with Leyton Orient – a perennial (since 1980) tier 3 to tier 5 club – fearful that having West Ham playing less than a mile away from their Brisbane Road ground could steal support from the club and put them out of business. Both clubs' appeals for a judicial review, however, were rejected on 23 June 2011. On 3 March 2011, West Ham's proposed move to the Olympic Stadium was formally approved by the British government and then-Mayor of London Boris Johnson.
On 8 June 2011, it was confirmed that the Westfield Shopping Centre had been in detailed talks with West Ham for naming rights of the new Olympic stadium which could be called the Westfield Stadium. West Ham announced plans to move from the Boleyn Ground from the 2014–15 season. In August 2011, an independent investigation initiated by the Olympic Park Legacy Company upheld the decision to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. On 29 June 2011, however, Tottenham announced that they were returning to the High Court again to fight the decision to award West Ham the stadium, in an oral hearing, to try to overturn the original High Court appeal being rejected. On 25 August 2011, Tottenham and Leyton Orient were in fact granted a judicial review by the High Court into the Olympic Stadium bidding process. On 11 October 2011, the deal to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium collapsed over concerns of legal pressure, with the government deciding that the stadium will stay in public ownership. Six days later, Tottenham and Leyton Orient announced they had ended their legal challenge after the deal collapsed.
Once the original deal collapsed, a new process to select a tenant was begun. West Ham immediately announced plans to become tenants of the stadium. By March 2012, West Ham was one of the four bidders for the stadium. With a decision due by the Olympic Park Legacy Company in May 2012, Mayor of London Boris Johnson delayed the final selection of future tenants until completion of the 2012 Summer Olympics, stating that it was "overwhelmingly likely" that the tenants would be West Ham.
It was announced on 22 March 2013 that West Ham had signed a 99-year lease for the Olympic Stadium after the government agreed to put in an extra £1 million towards the costs of converting the site. The club's plan was to move into the stadium prior to the start of the 2016–17 season. Supporters of rival clubs had pressed for an inquiry into the granting of West Ham's tenancy, arguing that West Ham were being given an unfair advantage by the arrangement. In September 2015, however, the government rejected holding such an inquiry.
The Academy of Football
Main article: West Ham United F.C. Under-21s and Academy
The club promotes the popular idea of West Ham being "The Academy of Football", with the moniker adorning the ground's new stadium façade. The comment predominantly refers to the club's youth development system which was established by manager Ted Fenton during the 1950s, that has seen a number of international players emerge through the ranks. Most notably, the club contributed three players to the World Cup-winning England side of 1966, including club icon Bobby Moore, as well as Martin Peters and Geoff Hurst who between them scored all of England's goals in the eventual 4–2 victory. Other academy players that have gone on to play for England have included Trevor Brooking, Alvin Martin, Tony Cottee, Paul Ince, and Declan Rice.
Since the late 1990s, Rio Ferdinand, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Michael Carrick and Glen Johnson began their careers at West Ham and all went on to play for other clubs. Most recently, the likes of first teamers Mark Noble and James Tomkins, as well as Welsh international Jack Collison, have emerged through the Academy. Frustratingly for fans and managers alike, the club has struggled to retain many of these players due to (predominantly) financial reasons. West Ham, during the 2007–08 season, had an average of 6.61 English players in the starting line up, higher than any other Premier League club, which cemented their status as one of the few Premier League clubs left that were recognised to be bringing through young English talent and were recognised as having "homegrown players". Between 2000 and 2011, the club produced eight England players, as many as Manchester United and one fewer than Arsenal. Much of the success of the academy has been attributed to Tony Carr, who was West Ham youth coach between 1973 and 2014.
Players
Current squad
- As of 30 August 2024
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
|
|
Out on loan
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
|
|
Under-21s
Main article: West Ham United F.C. Under-21s and AcademyFormer players
Retired numbers
Main article: Retired numbers in association football- 6
Bobby Moore, Defender (1958–74) – posthumous honour - 38
Dylan Tombides, Striker (2010–14) – posthumous honour
Club captains
| Dates | Name | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1895–97 |  Bob Stevenson
|
|
| 1897–99 | Walter Tranter
| |
| 1899 | Tom Bradshaw
|
Bradshaw died on Christmas Day 1899. |
| 1899–01 | Charlie Dove
|
|
| 1901–03 | Unknown | |
| c.1903–04 | Ernest Watts
| |
| 1904–07 | David Gardner
| |
| 1907–11 | Frank Piercy
| |
| 1911–14 | Tommy Randall
| |
| 1914–15 | Dick Leafe
| |
| 1915–22 | Billy Cope
|
Also captained fixtures during World War I. |
| 1922–25 | George Kay
|
|
| 1925–26 | Billy Moore
| |
| 1926–28 | Jack Hebden
| |
| 1928–32 | Stanley Earle
| |
| 1932–37 | Jim Barrett
| |
| 1937–46 | Charles Bicknell
|
Remained captain for fixtures during World War II. |
| 1946–51 | Dick Walker
|
Following his retirement, he helped to clean the boots of younger players |
| 1951–57 | Malcolm Allison
|
Fell ill with tuberculosis after a game in 1957 and consequently had a lung removed |
| 1957–60 |  Noel Cantwell
|
First captain not from the United Kingdom |
| 1960–62 |  Phil Woosnam
|
|
| 1962–74 | Bobby Moore
| |
| 1974–84 | Billy Bonds
| |
| 1984–90 | Alvin Martin
| |
| 1990–92 | Ian Bishop
| |
| 1992–93 | Julian Dicks
| |
| 1993–96 | Steve Potts
| |
| 1996–97 | Julian Dicks
| |
| 1997–2001 |  Steve Lomas
| |
| 2001–03 |  Paolo Di Canio
|
First captain not from the British Isles |
| 2003 | Joe Cole
|
|
| 2003–05 | Christian Dailly
| |
| 2005–07 | Nigel Reo-Coker
| |
| 2007–09 | Lucas Neill
|
First captain from outside Europe |
| 2009–11 | Matthew Upson
| |
| 2011–15 | Kevin Nolan
| |
| 2015–22 | Mark Noble
| |
| 2022–23 | Declan Rice
| |
| 2023–24 |  Kurt Zouma
| |
| 2024– | Jarrod Bowen
|
West Ham dream team
See also: Category:West Ham United F.C. playersIn the 2003 book The Official West Ham United Dream Team, 500 fans were quizzed for who would be in their all time Hammers Eleven. The voting was restricted to players from the modern era.
| 1 | GK | ENG
|
Phil Parkes |
| 2 | DF | SCO
|
Ray Stewart |
| 3 | DF | ENG
|
Julian Dicks |
| 4 | MF | ENG
|
Billy Bonds |
| 5 | DF | ENG
|
Alvin Martin |
| 6 | DF | ENG
|
Bobby Moore (captain) |
| 7 | MF | ENG
|
Martin Peters |
| 8 | MF | ENG
|
Trevor Brooking |
| 9 | FW | ENG
|
Geoff Hurst |
| 10 | FW | ITA
|
Paolo Di Canio |
| 11 | MF | ENG
|
Alan Devonshire |
Hammer of the Year
The following is a list of recipients of the 'Hammer of the Year' award. The first award, to Andy Malcolm in 1957–58, was nominated by a journalist at The Stratford Express. Subsequent recipients would be awarded the title after a vote by supporters. Trevor Brooking was the first player for West Ham United to have been honoured with the title of Hammer of the Year three times in a row in 1976, 1977 and 1978. Scott Parker repeated this feat between 2009 and 2011. Brooking has won the award the most times, on five occasions: 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1984. Bobby Moore, Billy Bonds and Julian Dicks have each won it four times.
Bobby Moore has been runner-up four times, while Billy Bonds and Tony Cottee have both been runners-up three times.
Billy Bonds and Trevor Brooking's wins are notable in the amount of time between first and last Hammer of the Year award. Bonds has 16 years separating his wins whilst Brooking has 12.
Lifetime Achievement Award
In 2013, West Ham United introduced a new annual award, the West Ham United Lifetime Achievement Award.
The first award was presented to club-record appearance maker Billy Bonds, who picked up the award on the pitch at Upton Park before kick-off against Cardiff City on the opening day of the 2013–14 season.
The 2014 award was presented to Sir Trevor Brooking, a record five-time winner of the Hammer of the Year award. Brooking received the award before the 2014–15 season curtain-raiser against Tottenham Hotspur on 16 August 2014. Brooking had already had the Centenary Stand at the Boleyn ground named after him in 2009.
The 2015 award was awarded to Martin Peters.
On 3 May 2016, it was announced via the club's official website that the fourth recipient of the award would be Sir Geoff Hurst, the club's second all-time leading goalscorer, and scorer of a hat-trick in the 1966 World Cup Final. Hurst would be honoured at the club's 2015/16 Player Awards Ceremony. Ken Brown became the sixth recipient of the award, in April 2018. The 2019 honour was awarded to midfielder Ronnie Boyce who made his debut for West Ham in 1960.
|
Mark Noble Young Hammer of the Year Award
In honour of Mark Noble, who was also the award winner in 2004, and had been serving the club since 2000 and retired in 2022, the Young Hammer of the Year award was renamed to Mark Noble Young Hammer of the Year Award on 9 May 2022.
| Year | Winner |
|---|---|
| 2003 | Glen Johnson
|
| 2004 | Mark Noble
|
| 2005 | Mark Noble (2)
|
| 2006 | Anton Ferdinand
|
| 2007 | Junior Stanislas
|
| 2008 | James Tomkins
|
| 2009 | Jack Collison
|
| 2010 | Zavon Hines
|
| 2011 | Freddie Sears
|
| 2012 | Dan Potts
|
| 2013 | George Moncur
|
| 2014 | Sam Howes
|
| 2015 | Reece Burke
|
| 2016 | Reece Oxford
|
| 2017 | / Declan Rice
|
| 2018 | / Declan Rice (2)
|
| 2019 | / Declan Rice (3)
|
| 2020 | Nathan Holland
|
| 2021 | Ben Johnson
|
| 2022 | Ben Johnson (2)
|
| 2023 | Divin Mubama
|
| 2024 | George Earthy
|
Current staff
- As of 2 July 2024
Staff and directors
| Position | Name |
|---|---|
| Co-chairman | David Sullivan |
| Co-chairman | Vanessa Gold |
| Vice-chairman | Karren Brady CBE |
| Director | Daniel Křetínský |
| Director | Pavel Horský |
| Director | Peter Mitka |
| Director | Jiří Švarc |
| Director | Jack Sullivan |
| Director | David Sullivan Jr. |
| Director | Daniel Cunningham |
| Non-executive director | Daniel Harris |
| Non-executive director | J. Albert "Tripp" Smith |
| Honorary life president | Terry Brown |
| Club secretary | Andrew Pincher |
| Chief finance officer | Andy Mollett |
| Projects & stadium operations director | Philippa Cartwright |
| Executive director, marketing & communications | Tara Warren |
| Club ambassador | Tony Carr MBE |
| Sporting director | Mark Noble |
| Technical director | Tim Steidten |
Coaching staff
| Position | Name |
|---|---|
| Head coach |  Julen Lopetegui
|
| Assistant head coach | Pablo Sanz
|
| Head of performance & assistant coach | Oscar Caro
|
| Head of analysis & assistant coach | Juan Vicente Peinado
|
| First team goalkeeper coach | Xavi Valero
|
| Fitness coach | Borja de Alba |
| Technical coach | Edu Rubio |
| Academy manager & head of coaching and player development | Terry Westley |
| Academy operations and player development manager | Ricky Martin |
| Head of medical services | Richard Collinge |
| First team rehabilitation fitness coach | Eamon Swift |
| First team physiotherapist | Dominic Rogan |
Managers
West Ham United have had 18 permanent managers in their history and an additional three caretaker managers.
Main article: List of West Ham United F.C. managers| Manager | Caretaker Manager | Period | G | W | D | L | Win % | Honours/Notes (major honours shown in bold) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Syd King |
1901–32 | 638 | 248 | 146 | 244 | 38.87 | Club's longest serving manager (31 years). FA Cup runners-up 1923 | |
| Charlie Paynter |
1932–50 | 480 | 198 | 116 | 166 | 41.25 | ||
| Ted Fenton |
1950–61 | 484 | 193 | 107 | 184 | 39.87 | Division Two Champions 1957–58 | |
| Ron Greenwood |
1961–74 | 613 | 215 | 165 | 233 | 35.07 | FA Cup winners 1964, UEFA Cup Winners Cup winners 1965. League Cup runners-up 1966. | |
| John Lyall |
1974–89 | 708 | 277 | 176 | 255 | 39.12 | FA Cup winners 1975, 1980. Highest league finish in club's history (3rd in Division One 1985–86). UEFA Cup Winners' Cup runners-up 1976; League Cup runners-up 1981. | |
| Lou Macari |
1989–90 | 38 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 36.84 | ||
| Ronnie Boyce |
1990 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | ||
| Billy Bonds |
1990–94 | 227 | 99 | 61 | 67 | 43.61 | ||
| Harry Redknapp |
1994–01 | 327 | 121 | 85 | 121 | 37.00 | UEFA Intertoto Cup joint winners 1999 (European qualification). Club's highest Premier League finish (5th, 1998–99) | |
| Glenn Roeder |
2001–03 | 86 | 27 | 23 | 36 | 31.40 | ||
| Trevor Brooking |
2003 | 14 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 64.29 | ||
| Alan Pardew |
2003–06 | 163 | 67 | 38 | 58 | 41.10 | Championship Play-off Winners 2005, FA Cup runners-up 2006 (UEFA Cup qualification) | |
| Alan Curbishley |
2006–08 | 71 | 28 | 14 | 29 | 39.44 | ||
| Kevin Keen |
2008 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.00 | ||
| Gianfranco Zola |
2008–10 | 80 | 23 | 21 | 36 | 28.75 | Club's first non-British manager. | |
 Avram Grant |
2010–11 | 47 | 15 | 12 | 20 | 31.91 | Club's first non EU manager. | |
| Kevin Keen |
2011 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.00 | ||
| Sam Allardyce |
2011–15 | 181 | 68 | 46 | 67 | 37.57 | Championship Play-off Winners 2012. | |
 Slaven Bilić |
2015–17 | 111 | 42 | 30 | 39 | 37.84 | ||
| David Moyes |
2017–18 | 31 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 29.03 | ||
 Manuel Pellegrini |
2018–19 | 64 | 24 | 11 | 29 | 37.50 | ||
| David Moyes |
2019–2024 | 231 | 103 | 45 | 83 | 44.59 | UEFA Europa Conference League winners 2023. Highest win percentage of club's permanent managers. Highest Premier League win percentage of club's Premier League era managers. | |
| Julen Lopetegui |
2024– | 12 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 33.33 |
Ownership and chairmen
Further information: Ownership of West Ham United F.C.In January 2010, David Sullivan and David Gold acquired a 50% share in West Ham, given them overall operational and commercial control. At the end of May 2010, Gold and Sullivan purchased a further 10% stake in the club at a cost of £8 million. Taking their controlling stake to 60%, they announced that they could open up shares for fans to purchase. On 9 August 2010, Gold and Sullivan increased their shares up to 30.6% each with "minority investors", (which included former owner Terry Brown, purchasing a further 3.8% of the club at a cost of around −4 million) leaving Icelandic Straumur Investment Bank owning 35% of the club.
On 2 July 2013, Sullivan acquired a further 25% of shares after restructuring the debt of the club, leaving Straumur Bank with just 10%. In order to clear club debts before a move to the Olympic Stadium in 2016, in December 2014 Sullivan announced the availability for sale of 20% of the club. The clearing of club debts, given in July 2013 as £70 million, was given as a pre-condition to a move to the Olympic Stadium.
In September 2017, American billionaire J. Albert "Tripp" Smith, senior management director of Blackstone Inc., bought 10% of the shares of the club. On 10 November 2021, the club announced Czech billionaire Daniel Křetínský had acquired 27% of the shares of the club, reducing Gold and Sullivan's shares.
Co-chairman David Gold died on 4 January 2023, leaving Sullivan as the sole chairman. Seven months later, Gold's daughter Vanessa became joint-chair with Sullivan.
European record
Main article: West Ham United F.C. in European footballHonours
Sources:
Domestic
League
Cups
European
- European Cup Winners' Cup
- UEFA Europa Conference League
- Winners: 2022–23
- UEFA Intertoto Cup
- Winners: 1999
- Anglo-Italian League Cup
- Runners-up: 1975
International
- International Soccer League
- Winners: 1963
- American Challenge Cup
- Runners-up: 1963
Minor titles
- Southern League Division One: Highest placing: 3rd, 1912–13
- Southern League Division Two: 1898–99
- London champions: 1898–99
- Western League: 1906–07
- Section B champions: 1906–07
- London League: 1897–98, 1901–02
- London Challenge Cup
- Winners: (9): 1924–25, 1925–26, 1929–30, 1946–47, 1948–49, 1952–53, 1956–57, 1967–68, 1968–69
- Runners-up (5): 1912–13, 1932–33, 1954–55, 1957–58, 1958–59
- Winners: (9): 1924–25, 1925–26, 1929–30, 1946–47, 1948–49, 1952–53, 1956–57, 1967–68, 1968–69
- Southern Floodlit Cup: 1956
- Essex Professional Cup: 1951, 1955 (shared), 1959
- West Ham Charity Cup: 1896
- London Combination: 1916–17, runners-up: 1915–16 (Supplementary Tournament), 1917–18
- League South A runners-up: 1939–40
- League South C: runners-up: 1939–40
- Regional League South runners-up: 1940–41
- League South runners-up: 1943–44, 1944–45
Other awards
- BBC Sports Personality of the Year Team Award: 1965
- UNESCO Fair Play Trophy: 1966 (shared with 1860 Munich)
- Honorary Degree (awarded to the club) in 2009 by the University of East London
Statistics and records
Main article: List of West Ham United F.C. records and statisticsAttendance
- Record attendance: 62,478 vs Leeds United, Premier League, 21 May 2023
- At the Boleyn Ground: 42,322 v Tottenham Hotspur, Division One, 17 October 1970
- Lowest league attendance: 4,373 v Doncaster Rovers, Division Two, 24 February 1955
Transfers
- Biggest transfer fee paid: £51.2 million to Lyon for Lucas Paquetá, 29 August 2022
- Biggest transfer fee received: £100 million from Arsenal for Declan Rice, 15 July 2023
Record results and performances
Victories
- League:
- Premier League:
- Home: 6–0 v Barnsley, 10 January 1998
- Away: 5–0 v Derby County, 10 November 2007
- Division One:
- Home: 8–0 v Sunderland, 19 October 1968
- Away: 6–1 v Manchester City, 8 September 1962
- Division Two:
- Home: 8–0 v Rotherham United, 8 March 1958
- Away: 6–0 v Leicester City, 15 February 1923
- FA Cup:
- Home: 8–1 v Chesterfield (round one), 10 January 1914
- Away: 5–0 v Chatham Town (fifth qualifying round), 28 November 1903
- League Cup:
- Home: 10–0 v Bury (round two second leg) (12–1 aggregate scoreline), 25 October 1983
- Away: 5–1 v Cardiff City (semi-final second leg) (10–3 aggregate scoreline), 2 February 1966
- Away: 5–1 v Walsall (round two), 13 September 1967
- European Cup Winners' Cup:
- Home: 5–1 v Castilla CF (round one second leg) (6–4 aggregate scoreline), 1 October 1980
- Away: 2–1 v Lausanne (quarter final second leg), (6–4 aggregate scoreline) 16 March 1965
- UEFA Cup/Europa League:
Defeats
- League:
- Premier League:
- Division One:
- Home: 2–8 v Blackburn Rovers, 26 December 1963
- Away: 0–7 v Sheffield Wednesday, 28 November 1959
- Division Two:
- Away: 0–7 v Barnsley, 1 September 1919
- FA Cup:
- Away: 0–6 v Manchester United (fourth round), 26 January 2003
- League Cup:
- Away: 0–6 v Oldham Athletic (semi-final first leg), 14 February 1990
- Away: 0–6 v Manchester City (semi-final first leg), 8 January 2014
- European Cup Winners' Cup:
- Home: 1–4 v Dinamo Tbilisi (quarter final first leg) (2–4 aggregate scoreline), 4 March 1981
- Away: 2–4 v FC Den Haag (quarter final first leg) (5–5 aggregate scoreline, West Ham won on away goals), 3 March 1976
- Neutral: 2–4 v Anderlecht (Final), 5 May 1976
- UEFA Cup:
Club league highs and lows
See also: List of West Ham United F.C. seasonsHighest league finish
- 3rd in First Division (level 1), 1985–86
|
|
|
Club goal records
- Most league goals in a season:
- 101, Division Two (1957–58)
- Top league scorer in a season:
- Vic Watson (42) Div. One (1929–30)
- Top scorer in a season:
- Vic Watson (50) Div. One (1929–30)
- Most goals in one match:
- Vic Watson (6) v Leeds United (h) 9 February 1929
- Geoff Hurst (6) v Sunderland (h) 19 October 1968
Follow link to Official West Ham United Records Page
Player records
|
|
In popular culture
- In the British sitcom Till Death Us Do Part and its follow-on and spin-off series Till Death... and In Sickness and in Health the character Alf Garnett's biggest passion in life was his local football team West Ham United and featured throughout the run of the show. There were a number of episodes that focused on Alfs support of West Ham such as Season 4's Episode 5 "Up The Hammers", and in particular his idolising of club heroes such as Bobby Moore and Martin Peters who both feature in the same episode.
- The 2022 action film Bullet Train features two British assassins - Tangerine and Lemon - who are diehard West Ham United fans. The film features several renditions of the club's theme song, including one featuring Engelbert Humperdinck as the singer.
See also
References
- "Important supporter update – capacity increase, West Stand reconfiguration & 2022/23 ticketing | West Ham United F.C." www.whufc.com.
- "Club Statement". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
- "Ownership". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- "West Ham United - Historical Football Kits". Historicalkits. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
- "The History of West Ham United 1895–1896". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- Dale, Iain (1 August 2011). West Ham: A Nostalgic Look at a Century of the Club. Haynes Publishing. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-857330-45-1.
- "West Ham United". Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- ^ 'Richard Rundle. "Source for Thames Ironworks statistics". Football Club History Database. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- "East London History regarding Thames Ironworks". EastLondonHistory.com. Archived from the original on 13 February 2006.
- "Pg24, citing study into West Hams community ties" (PDF). Leeds Metropolitan University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2005.
- ^ 'Richard Rundle. "Source for West Ham statistics". Football Club History Database. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- Northcutt, John; Roy Shoesmith (1993). West Ham United: A Complete Record. Derby: Breedon Books. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-873626-44-3.
- "Game played on 18 March 1933". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "1st Division 1931–32". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- Ronay, Barney (5 August 2010). The Manager: The absurd ascent of the most important man in football. Hachette Digital. ISBN 978-0-7481-1770-3. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- Helliar, John (15 October 2010). "Malcolm Allison 1927–2010". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 25 October 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "Ted Fenton biography". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "A brief history of West ham United". ESPN. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Tributes pour in for Bond". West Ham United. Archived from the original on 28 September 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "England managers: How Roy Hodgson's predecessors fared". The Independent. London. 1 May 2012. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- ^ "Obituary: Ron Greenwood". BBC Sport. 9 February 2006. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "World Cup Hammers". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Bonzo plays tribute". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Champions Sculpture". London Borough of Newham. 14 January 2008. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Former West Ham boss Lyall dies". BBC Sport. 19 April 2006. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Hammeralelia Wembley special". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Hammers nail Fulham". The FA. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Anderlecht deny European repeat". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 7 December 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "Ron Greenwood". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 28 April 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- Bevan, Chris (1 January 2010). "When the Hammers shocked Arsenal". BBC Sport. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "West Ham 1 Everton 1". The Times. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- Julie Welch (20 April 2006). "Obituary John Lyall". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- Blowers, Steve (2005). Nearly Reached the Sky. Football World. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-9548336-8-8.
- "Lou Macari". swindon-town-fc.co.uk. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- Blows, Kirk (2000). The Essential History of West Ham United. Headline Book publishing. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-7472-7036-2.
- Pierson, Mark (27 January 1997). "Football: West Ham fear FA censure over pitch invasion". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- May, John (3 December 2002). "Who IS Terence Brown?". BBC Sport. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- The Essential History of West Ham United. pp. 197, 198.
- Kirkby, Darren. "Peter Storrie". When Saturday Comes. Archived from the original on 24 May 2012. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- "1st Division 1992–93". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- "On this day 2 May". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- "I was sold to save United says Beauchamp". Heraldseries.co.uk. 22 June 1994. Retrieved 16 June 2010.
- "Coventry ask Babb bidders to raise offers Liverpool made to wait". The Independent. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- "Billy Bonds". football-england.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- ^ Blow, Kirk (2010). Bring Me the Head of Trevor Brooking. Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing Company. p. 136. ISBN 978-1-84596-661-4.
- Crace, John (18 April 2013). Harry's Games The Biography of H. Little, Brown Book. ISBN 978-1-78033-912-2. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- ^ "Soccerbase – West Ham managers". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- ^ Dyer, Ken (8 November 2001). "Redknapp blamed for West Ham loss". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
- ^ "Harry Leaves his legacy". BBC Sport. 9 May 2001. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
- "Sport: Football: News". BBC Sport. 13 July 1998. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- Hills, Dave (6 August 2000). "The 10 worst foreign signings of all time". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- "Premier League 1994–95". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- "Premier League 1996–97". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- "On this day – 24 August". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 27 August 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- ^ "Cash row key to Redknapp exit". BBC Sport. 12 May 2001. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
- "Chelsea land Lampard". BBC Sport. 14 June 2001. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- ^ "Flown from the nest – Glenn Roeder". ex-canaries.co.uk. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
- "Roeder signs Hutchison". BBC Sport. 30 August 2001. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- "Repka – Signed and sealed". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- "Premier League 2001-2". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
- ^ "Hammers appoint Brooking". BBC Sport. 24 April 2003. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "West Ham relegated". BBC Sport. 11 May 2003. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "West Ham sack Roeder". BBC Sport. 24 August 2003. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- Stadium, Rob Maul at Priestfield (21 September 2003). "Gillingham 2 West Ham 0: Defoe goes as Gills win". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "Ranking West Ham Managers". ftbpro.com. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
- Davies, Christopher (19 September 2003). "Madejski fury as Pardew is released". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- Brodkin, Jon (19 September 2003). "Pardew is a Hammer - in a month". The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com.
- Johnson, Dale (16 August 2006). "Pardew out to build on impressive return". ESPN. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
- "Pardew's Harewood challenge". London Evening Standard. 1 December 2003. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- Goss, Patrick. "Pardew: Deane could be key". Sky Sports. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- "Crystal Palace 1–0 West Ham". BBC Sport. 29 May 2004. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
- "West Ham 1–0 Preston". BBC Sport. 30 May 2005. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "Pardew joy at Hammers promotion". BBC Sport. 30 May 2005. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
- "Final 2005/2006 English Premier Table". Soccerbase. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
- "West Ham sign Tevez & Mascherano". BBC Sport. 31 August 2006. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
- "West Ham accept £85m takeover bid". BBC Sport. 21 November 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- "Pardew sacked as West Ham manager". BBC Sport. 11 December 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- "Curbishley named West Ham manager". BBC Sport. 13 December 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- Huggins, Trevor (27 April 2007). "West Ham given record fine over transfers". Reuters. Archived from the original on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
- Paul Doyle (3 May 2007). "Whelan on Warpath". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- Nurse, Howard (13 May 2007). "Manchester United 0–1 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "Injured Bellamy out for six weeks". BBC Sport. 21 February 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- Sharma, Rik; Bodimeade, Matt (22 September 2011). "Happy returns? Making a comeback from a lengthy lay-off". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "Curbishley quits as West Ham boss". BBC Sport. 3 September 2008. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
- Ashdown, John (11 September 2008). "West Ham unveil Zola as new manager". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 12 September 2008.
- Shea, Julian (15 August 2009). "Wolves 0–2 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
- "Mass violence mars London derby". BBC News. 25 August 2009. Retrieved 29 August 2009.
- "Diamanti signs". West Ham United FC. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 30 August 2009. Retrieved 29 August 2009.
- ^ "Premier League 2009–10". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "West Ham 3–2 Wigan". BBC Sport. 24 April 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "West Ham United statement". West Ham United F.C. 11 May 2010. Archived from the original on 13 May 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
- "Avram Grant confirmed as West Ham United manager". BBC Sport. 3 June 2010. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
- Chowdhury, Saj (5 January 2011). "Newcastle 5–0 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
- "West Ham's Grant stays calm after 5–0 loss to Newcastle". BBC Sport. 5 January 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
- Whyatt, Chris (30 November 2010). "West Ham 4–0 Manchester United". BBC Sport. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
- McNulty, Phil (26 January 2011). "Birmingham 3–1 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "Stoke City 2–1 West Ham". BBC Sport. 13 March 2011. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "West Ham part company with Avram Grant". BBC Sport. 16 May 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
- "Sam's the man". West Ham United F.C. 1 June 2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
- Gibbs, Thom (19 May 2012). "Blackpool v West Ham United: live". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
- "Hammers return for 'Ginge'". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- "McCartney completes Hammers switch". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- "Jarvis joins Hammers". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 27 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- "Hammers net Carroll". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 31 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- "West Ham United 1–0 Aston Villa FT". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 21 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
- "West Ham 3–1 Chelsea". BBC Sport. December 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
- "Reading 1–0 West Ham". BBC Sport. 29 December 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
- "Olympic Stadium: Barry Hearn calls for judicial review". BBC Sport. 6 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
- "West Ham 4–2 Reading". BBC Sport. 19 May 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
- "West Ham United 2013–14 season". statto.com. Archived from the original on 20 April 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- "West Ham 0–3 Manchester City". BBC Sport. 21 January 2014. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- Jackson, Jamie (9 January 2014). "West Ham's travelling fans call on Sam Allardyce to go after 6–0 thrashing". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- "Sam Allardyce: West Ham boss shocked by boos after Hull win". BBC Sport. 26 March 2014. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- "Allardyce: Criticism nonsense". Sporting Life. UK. Archived from the original on 26 May 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
- McNulty, Phil (24 May 2015). "West Ham: Sam Allardyce says decision to leave 'was mutual'". BBC Sport. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
- "West Ham qualify for Europa League through Fair Play system". BBC Sport. 26 May 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
- "Hammers appoint Bilic". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
- "Liverpool 0–3 West Ham United". BBC Sport. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
- "Stat's a Fact – 2015/16 Season". West Ham United F.C. 16 May 2016. Archived from the original on 20 May 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- "Hammers qualify for UEFA Europa League". West Ham United F.C. 21 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 May 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- "West Ham 2016/17 Premier League season review". Retrieved 6 November 2017.
- "David Moyes Departs West Ham After Expiration of His Contract". Bleacher Report. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
- "West Ham: Manuel Pellegrini named new manager at London Stadium". BBC Sport. 22 May 2018. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
- "West Ham United statement | West Ham United". www.whufc.com.
- "West Ham re-appoint David Moyes on 18-month deal". Sky Sports.
- "West Ham secure safety with Old Trafford draw". Premier League. 22 July 2020.
- "Mark Noble slams West Ham United board over sale of Grady Diangana with social media post". football.london. 4 September 2020.
- "West Ham United 2–1 Aston Villa". BBC Sport. 30 November 2020.
- "West Ham United qualify for UEFA Europa League with final-day win over Southampton". West Ham United F.C. 23 May 2021.
- "David Moyes: West Ham manager signs new three-year deal". Sky Sports.
- "Premier League 2021-22". West Ham Stats. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- "West Ham United 2–0 Sevilla". BBC Sport. 17 March 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- "West Ham stun Lyon to reach Europa League semis". BBC Sport.
- "Frankfurt end West Ham's European dream". BBC Sport.
- "Brighton & Hove Albion 3–1 West Ham United". BBC Sport. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- "European places in Premier League for 2022-2023: Full breakdown of qualification scenarios". www.sportingnews.com. 5 May 2022.
- "West Ham United v Leeds United - All You Need To Know". West Ham United F.C. 19 May 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- "David Moyes' low-risk formula points to a summer change for West Ham". The Guardian. 15 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- ^ "Noble to return to West Ham as sporting director". BBC Sport. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- "Premier League 2022-23". West Ham Stats. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- "Europa Conference League: Bowen gives West Ham late lead". BBC Sport. 6 June 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- "The long Moyes West Ham goodbye is over - what will his legacy be?". BBC Sport. 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
- "Moyes' impressive West Ham legacy". BBC Sport. 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
- "Julen Lopetegui Appointed West Ham United Head Coach". West Ham United. 23 May 2024. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
- The shipbuilding description that follows comes from Brian Belton's book 'The Thames Ironworks' Chapter 5
- Archived material from LB of Newham website, description of each element of the coat of arms https://web.archive.org/web/20130602073325/http://apps.newham.gov.uk/democracy/civicamb/carms.htm
- Met Borough of Stepney Official Guide, p29, 1961, Ed J Burrow and Co
- website shows much of the evolution of the badge http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/club-crest/4548286338
- Various. "East Ham: Manors and estates". University of London & History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- link to external image https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/images/0/02/Im1895EnV80-p567.jpg
- The London Encyclopaedia, 1983, by Weinreb and Hibbert. The Encyclopaedia describes how the creation of the Tower Division, aka Tower Hamlets, made East London a distinct military unit
- "Up the Hammers" The West Ham Battalion in the Great War 1914–1918, by Elliot Taylor andBarney Alston.
- Colm Kerrigan (1997). "Gatling Gun" George Hildson. Football Lives. ISBN 978-0-9530718-0-7. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007.
- Hopps, Kat (14 December 2015). "How a new West Ham United crest is keeping strong links between the football club and HMS Warrior". Newham Recorder. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
- Draughtsman's diagram of the hull of the warrior https://d32ptomnhiuevv.cloudfront.net/en-gb/sites/default/files/product_jackets/Haynes-H6106-page-5_0.jpg Archived 10 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine
- "West Ham". premierskills. Archived from the original on 5 April 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
- "West Ham". Footballbadgesguide. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
- "West Ham: Hammers fans vote in favour of new club crest". BBC Sport. 17 July 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
- "We will always be West Ham United" (PDF). West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
- kitclassics.co.uk. "West Ham kits since inception I". Various sources, image of kits. Archived from the original on 25 June 2008. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- Dave Moor. "West Ham kits since inception II". Various sources, images of kits. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
- Marsh, Steve. "Playing Kit: West Ham United 1900 to 1999". theyflysohigh.co.uk. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- Belton 2006, pp. 2–4.
- Marsh, Steve. "Myths and Legends". theyflysohigh.co.uk. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
- ^ John Helliar. "The Story of Bubbles". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 18 February 2006.
- John Helliar. "The Story of Bubbles". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 28 May 2010.
- ^ "Blowing Bubbles@Upton park WHUFC-Chelski". 4 January 2010. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2013 – via YouTube.
- Sudhalter, Richard M. "Lost Chords". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
- ">Knees up Mother Brown - West Ham United FC Online: FAQ". Kumb.com.
- Oakley, Chris (2007). Football Delirium. Karnac Books. ISBN 978-1-78049-488-3. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
- ""Oh Christian Dailly" lyrics". fanchants.com. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2011.
- de Lisle, Tim (28 November 2005). "R Kelly sings the Blues". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
- "Bobby Moore Lyrics". metrolyrics.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - Mitten, Andy (14 March 2016). "He does flicks and tricks, tackles and scores: West Ham's Dimitri Payet 'does everything'". The National. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
- David Pickering. The Cassell Soccer Companion. Cassell. pp. 343–344.
- Blazers, Men In (30 September 2017). "JW Goes Behind the Bubbles at West Ham United with "Mickey Bubbles"". Men in Blazers.
- "Beckham runs gauntlet at West Ham". BBC Sport. 29 August 1998. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
- "Beckham still subject of fans' ire". CNN – Sports Illustrated. 19 September 1998. Archived from the original on 8 February 2002.
- "West Ham 4–1 Blackburn". BBC Sport. 30 August 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- Ogden, Mark (30 August 2008). "Ince deflects the ire in old role as Upton Park pariah". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- Ben Lupton. "Practice Makes Perfect". British Council. Archived from the original on 24 December 2007.
- Winter, Henry (5 March 2007). "West Ham stunned by Stalteri strike". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 6 March 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
- Lucas, Damien (3 March 2017). "Nigel Reo-Coker concedes he learned to appreciate West Ham the hard way". HITC. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
- Fordham, Josh (14 August 2022). "West Ham fans throw fake money at Jesse Lingard after snubbed summer transfer". talkSPORT. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
- "Cole comes home". West Ham United F.C. 4 January 2013. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- "Want Some Aggro?". casspennant.com. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
- ^ "CONFESSIONS OF A TERRACE LEGEND The fights, the politics, the rival firms: Cass Pennant, notorious founder member of West Ham's InterCity Firm, recalls hooliganism's heyday". CassPennant. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
- Gant, Charles (30 August 2009). "Football hooliganism: how 1980s man got his kicks". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- Hann, Michael (24 March 2014). "My guilty pleasure: Green Street". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
- Hytner, David (31 August 2011). "Scott Parker completes m switch to Tottenham from West Ham". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- Ley, John (7 December 2008). "Give Harry Redknapp due respect, Frank Lampard Sr tells West Ham fans". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
- Neil McLeman (19 August 2012). "West Ham still owe Sheffield United more than m over Carlos Tevez fiasco". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- Fox, Norman (31 January 2005). "Jagielka intensifies bitter rivalry to raise pressure on Pardew". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 26 February 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
- Green, Chris (27 August 2009). "A rivalry that dates back to the heyday of British shipbuilding". The Independent. London. Retrieved 26 June 2011.
- "Violence erupts at London derby". BBC News. 25 August 2009. Retrieved 25 August 2009.
- "West Ham fined £115,000 over violence against Millwall". BBC Sport. 15 January 2010. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
- ^ "West Ham United". The beautifulhistory.wordpress.com. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2011.
- "Stadium Information". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 10 November 2007. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- Wilson, Steve (19 January 2010). "David Sullivan admits West Ham buy-out 'makes no commercial sense'". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
- "Olympic Stadium proposal submitted". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 19 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- "UK Athletics boss Ed Warner boosts West Ham's 2012 plan". BBC Sport. 9 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- "Official Olympic Stadium bid". West Ham United F.C. 30 September 2010. Archived from the original on 2 October 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2010.
- "Live Nation back hammers bid". West Ham United F.C. 8 October 2010. Archived from the original on 10 October 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
- "UK Athletics back the Hammers". West Ham United F.C. 11 October 2010. Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
- "West Ham kicks off Upton Park developer search". propertyweek.com. 19 November 2010. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
- "West Ham working with Populous on designs for Olympic Stadium after London 2012". Inside the games. 17 February 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "West Ham must guarantee to keep running track warns Olympics Minister". Inside the games. 12 February 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
- "West Ham chosen as preferred Olympic Stadium tenant". BBC News. 11 February 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
- "Spurs ready for legal battle as West Ham win Olympic stadium bid". London Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
- "Leyton Orient in 2012 Olympic stadium High Court action". BBC News. 14 April 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
- "Tottenham fail with appeal over West Ham's use of the Olympic Stadium". The Guardian. 23 June 2011.
- "Westfield to sponsor West Ham Olympic stadium". Construction Enquirer. 8 June 2011.
- "West Ham to call 2012 stadium home after Games". London Evening Standard. 22 August 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
- "Independent inquiry into Olympic Stadium decision clears West Ham". The Guardian. 23 August 2011.
- "Spurs return to High Court over Olympic Stadium verdict". BBC Sport. 29 June 2011.
- "Spurs win Olympic review". Sky Sports. 25 August 2011.
- "London 2012: West Ham Olympic Stadium deal collapses". BBC Sport. 11 October 2011.
- "Tottenham Hotspur ends 2012 Olympic Stadium legal bid". BBC Sport. 17 October 2011.
- "West Ham – Newham Statement". West Ham United F.C. 11 October 2011. Archived from the original on 12 October 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
- Gold, David (23 March 2012). "West Ham among four formal bidders for London 2012 Olympic Stadium". insidethegames.biz. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
- Kelso, Paul (17 May 2012). "London 2012 Olympics: West Ham likely to get Olympic Stadium despite delays, says Boris Johnson". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
- Bond, David (22 March 2013). "West Ham get Olympic Stadium after government ups funding". BBC Sport. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
- Benge, James (3 September 2015). "Arsenal, Chelsea and Tottenham fan coalition's call for public inquiry into West Ham Olympic stadium deal rejected by government". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
- "Hammer house of legends". BBC Sport. 27 February 2001. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
- Rubin, Tony (19 December 2007). "Championship: West Ham's lost generation". Archived from the original on 18 April 2005. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
- Howlett, Graeme (29 May 2006). "Terry Brown Q&A". Archived from the original on 29 May 2006. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
- "England player numbers at new low". BBC Sport. 27 May 2008. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
- Rich, Tim (27 August 2011). "Fergie's four-letter outburst at the FA". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
- Pugh, William (12 March 2019). "Tony Carr - the best developer of young talent in English football - keen to rebuild bridges at West Ham". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
- "First team: Squad". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
- "Jarrod Bowen appointed West Ham United Club Captain". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
- "West Ham retire Moore's number six shirt". Independent. 4 August 2008. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
- "Hammers pay tribute to Dylan". West Ham United F.C. 19 April 2014. Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
- "Awards". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- Hillier, Roger. "Andy Malcolm". theyflysohigh.co.uk. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
- "Scott completes HOTY hat-trick". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 21 May 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
- "Bonds Honoured at the Boleyn". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
- "West Ham award for Sir Trevor Brooking". Sky Sports. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
- "Hammers to honour Peters". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
- "Hurst to be honoured at Player Awards". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
- "'Wonderful' Ken Brown set to receive Lifetime Achievement Award". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
- "Ronnie Boyce: The Hammers legend who debuted 58 years ago today | West Ham United F.C." www.whufc.com.
- "West Ham United announce creation of Mark Noble Award | West Ham United F.C." www.whufc.com.
- "Who's who". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
- "Academy appoint Martin as Operations and Player Development Manager". West Ham United F.C. 7 January 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
- "West Ham United appoint Richard Collinge as Head of Medical". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
- "Slaven Bilić's Managerial statistics". Soccerbase. 5 July 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2015.
- "West Ham United statement". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
- "Chairmen increase shareholding". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
- "Ownership | West Ham United". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 6 September 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
- "Ownership | West Ham United". legalweek.com. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- "West Ham: Co-owner David Sullivan says 20% stake for sale". BBC Sport. 28 December 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
- "West Ham United must pay £70m bank debt before Olympic Stadium move". The Guardian. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
- Rosser, Jack (30 September 2017). "American billionaire Tripp Smith buys 10% stake in West Ham". Evening Standard. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
- "West Ham United statement". West Ham United F.C. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- David Gold: West Ham United co-chairman dies following short illness BBC Sport. 4 January 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
- "West Ham name Vanessa Gold as new joint-chair". Reuters. 3 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
- Rundle, Richard. "Source for West Ham statistics". Football Club History Database.
- "Honours". WHUFC.com. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
- ^ Up until 1992, the top division of English football was the Football League First Division; since then, it has been the Premier League. Similarly until 1992, the Second Division was the second tier of league football, when it became the First Division, and is now known as The Championship. The third tier was the Third Division until 1992, and is now known as League One.
- "THE LONDON LEAGUE". Sporting Life. 28 April 1902. Retrieved 3 February 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- "Past winners: 1963–1967". BBC Sport. 27 November 2003. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
- "West Ham share Fair Play trophy London". Aberdeen Evening Express. 17 March 1966. Retrieved 23 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
- West Ham United Football Club given the award of Honorary Fellow by the University of East London. University of East London. 16 November 2009. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2017 – via YouTube.
- "Records and Honours". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
- "Club Record Home Attendance". Fsf.org.uk. Archived from the original on 13 April 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
- "West Ham United sign Brazil star Lucas Paquetá for record fee". West Ham United F.C. 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
- "West Ham shell out club-record fee to sign Arsenal, Newcastle-linked Paqueta from Lyon". Football365. 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
- "Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham for £105m". BBC Sport. 15 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
- ^ "Arsenal thrash West Ham in their biggest PL away win". BBC Sport. 9 February 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
- WHUFC.com list of Club Titles, honours and records
- "BBC Two - I Love the 1970s". BBC.
- "Bullet Train". IMDB.
Bibliography
- Belton, Brian (2007). "BROWN OUT": The Biography of West Ham Chairmen, Terence Brown. Pennant Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-906015-11-4.
- Belton, Brian (2006). West Ham United Miscellany. Pennant Books. ISBN 978-0-9550394-4-7.
- Blows, Kirk & Hogg, Tony (2000). The Essential History of West Ham United. Headline. ISBN 978-0-7472-7036-2.
- Hellier, John & Leatherdale, Clive (2000). West Ham United: The Elite Era – A Complete Record. Desert Island. ISBN 978-1-874287-31-5.
- Hogg, Tony (2005). Who's Who of West Ham United. Profile Sports Media. ISBN 978-1-903135-50-1.
- Kerrigan, Colm (1997). Gatling Gun George Hilsdon. Football Lives. ISBN 978-0-9530718-0-7.
- Korr, Charles (1986). West Ham United: the Making of a Football Club. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-01405-5.
- Nawrat, Chris & Hutchings, Steve (1996). The Sunday Times Illustrated History of Football. Hamlyn. ISBN 978-1-85613-341-8.
- Pickering, David (1994). The Cassell Soccer Companion. Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-34231-0.
- Redknapp, Harry With Derek McGovern (1998). Harry Redknapp – My Autobiography. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-218872-2.
- Ward, Adam & Smith, Dave (2003). The Official West Ham United Dream Team. Hamlyn. ISBN 978-0-600-60835-6.
Notes
- Arsenal's transfer fee for Declan Rice may rise to £105 million depending on if performance-based criteria are met.
External links
Independent websites
- West Ham United F.C. on BBC Sport: Club news – Recent results and fixtures
- West Ham United at Sky Sports
- West Ham United FC at Premier League
- West Ham United FC at UEFA
| West Ham United Football Club | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| Stadium | |
| Culture | |
| Records | |
| Rivalries | |
| Other | |
| Links to related articles | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Categories:
- West Ham United F.C.
- Association football clubs established in 1895
- Football clubs in England
- Premier League clubs
- English Football League clubs
- FA Cup winners
- Football clubs in London
- Southern Football League clubs
- 1895 establishments in England
- UEFA Cup Winners' Cup winning clubs
- UEFA Intertoto Cup winning clubs
- UEFA Conference League winning clubs