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| birth_date = {{birth date |1806|12|17}} | birth_date = {{birth date |df=yes |1806|12|17}}
| birth_place = ], Germany | birth_place = ], Germany
| death_date = {{death date and age |1879|12|31 |1806|12|17}} | death_date = {{death date and age |df=yes |1879|1|31 |1806|12|17}}
| death_place = ] USA | death_place = ], US
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'''Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier Rugel''' (17 December 1806 &ndash; 31 December 1879) was a German-born American ] and ]. '''Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier Rugel''' (17 December 1806 &ndash; 31 January 1879) was a German-born American ], ], and ].


==Life==
Ferdinand Rugel was born on 17&nbsp;December 1806 in ], a municipality in the district of ] in the state of ] in Germany.{{sfnp|Geiser|1948}}{{sfnp|Geiser|1950}} He died on 31&nbsp;December 1879.
Ferdinand Rugel was born on 17&nbsp;December 1806 in ],{{sfnp|Geiser|1950}} a municipality in the district of ] in the state of ], Germany. He died on 31&nbsp;January 1879 in ], US at the age of 72&nbsp;years. He was buried at the Westminster Presbyterian Church Cemetery in the town of ].{{sfnp|Geiser|1948|page=117}} The inscription on his ] states he was born on 24&nbsp;December 1806 but that is in fact incorrect based on church records in ], a town about 12&nbsp;kilometers from Wolfegg.

==Career==
Rugel was a very active ] in both Europe and the United States.{{sfnp|Geiser|1948|pages=115–117}} In Europe, he collected plant specimens in Switzerland, France, Spain, and Sicily. After emigrating to the United States in 1840, he collected widely throughout the ] during the period 1840&ndash;1848 under the direction of ]. He also collected in Cuba in 1849, severing his ties with Shuttleworth during that same year.{{sfnp|Stafleu|Cowan|1983|loc=}} After 1850, he collected occasionally in Tennessee and Texas. In 1878, he collected in ], but his collection trip was cut short by a case of ]s (furunculosis).{{sfnp|Geiser|1948|page=118}}

==Legacy==
Dozens of taxa have been named in honor of Ferdinand Rugel,{{r|IPNI:rugelia|IPNI:rugelii}} including '']'', '']'', and '']''. In particular, the American botanist ] described the ] genus '']'' in 1860.{{r|IPNI:10889-1}} In his description, Chapman attributed both the generic name ''Rugelia'' and the specific epithet ''nudicaulis'' to ].{{sfnp|Chapman|Eaton|1865|loc=}} Most of the taxon names honoring Rugel were named by Shuttleworth, who generally left the descriptions to other botanists. Rugel himself named a handful of taxa,{{r|IPNI:rugel}} the best known being '']'' {{small|Rugel ex A.DC.}}{{r|IPNI:118247-1}}

==See also==
* ] (German)


{{botanist|Rugel|Rugel, Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier}} {{botanist|Rugel|Rugel, Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier}}
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==References== ==References==
{{Reflist|40em|refs= {{Reflist|40em|refs=

<ref name="IPNI:rugel">{{IPNI |search=rugel |access-date=12 December 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="IPNI:rugelia">{{IPNI |search=rugelia |access-date=12 December 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="IPNI:rugelii">{{IPNI |search=rugelii |access-date=12 December 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="IPNI:10889-1">{{IPNI |id=10889-1 |taxon=''Rugelia'' |authority={{small|Shuttlew. ex Chapm.}} |access-date=12 December 2024}}</ref>
<ref name="IPNI:118247-1">{{IPNI |id=118247-1 |taxon=''Lithospermum tuberosum'' |authority={{small|Rugel ex A.DC.}} |access-date=13 December 2024}}</ref>

}} }}


==Bibliography== ==Bibliography==
* {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Biographical note on Dr.&nbsp;Ferdinand Rugel, American botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1948 |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=113–119|url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol16/iss2/5/ |access-date=11 December 2024}}</ref> * {{cite book |last1=Chapman |first1=Alvan Wentworth |last2=Eaton |first2=Daniel Cady |title=Flora of the southern United States |date=1865 |publisher=Ivison, Phinney & Co. |location=New York |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/7711 |access-date=13 December 2024}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Note: Birthplace of Ferdinand Rugel (1806-79), early southern botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1950 |volume=18 |issue=3 |page=112 |url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol18/iss3/2/ |access-date=11 December 2024}}</ref> * {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Biographical note on Dr.&nbsp;Ferdinand Rugel, American botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1948 |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=113–119|url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol16/iss2/5/ |access-date=11 December 2024}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Note: Birthplace of Ferdinand Rugel (1806-79), early southern botanist |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1950 |volume=18 |issue=3 |page=112 |url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol18/iss3/2/ |access-date=11 December 2024}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Geiser |first1=S. W. |title=Men of Science in Texas, 1820-1880: V |journal=Field and Laboratory |date=1959 |volume=27 |issue=4 |page=190 |url=https://scholar.smu.edu/fieldandlab/vol27/iss4/1/ |access-date=11 December 2024}}
* {{cite book |last1=Stafleu|first1=Frans A. |last2=Cowan|first2=Richard S. |authorlink1=Frans Antonie Stafleu |authorlink2=Richard Sumner Cowan |title=Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types: Taxon. Lit. (TL2) |year=1983 |volume=4 |edition=2nd |publisher=Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema |location=Utrecht |isbn=90-313-0224-4}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Q21607532 |url=https://www.wikidata.org/Q21607532 |publisher=Wikidata |access-date=13 December 2024}}
* {{IPNI |id=8725-1 |author=Rugel, Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier (1806–1879) |access-date=12 December 2024}}
* {{cite web |title=Rugel, Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier |url=https://kiki.huh.harvard.edu/databases/botanist_search.php?mode=details&id=37341 |publisher=Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries |access-date=23 December 2024}}
* {{cite web |title=Rugel, Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier |url=http://legacy.tropicos.org/Person/26258 |website=Tropicos |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden |access-date=23 December 2024}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.uni-goettingen.de/en/187069.html |title=RUGEL, Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier |work=Index Collectorum |publisher=Herbarium Göttingen, Department of Systematic Botany, University of Göttingen}}
* {{cite web |last1=Corgan |first1=James X. |title=Ferdinand Rugel |url=https://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entries/ferdinand-rugel/ |website=Tennessee Encyclopedia |publisher=Tennessee Historical Society |access-date=13 December 2024 |date=8 October 2017}}
* {{cite web |title=Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier Rugel |url=https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/35885857/ferdinand-ignatius_xavier-rugel |website=Find a Grave |access-date=12 December 2024}}


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Latest revision as of 00:12, 24 December 2024

German-American botanist (1806-1879)
Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier Rugel
Born(1806-12-17)17 December 1806
Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Died31 January 1879(1879-01-31) (aged 72)
Jefferson County, Tennessee, US
CitizenshipGermany (by birth), United States (by marriage)
SpouseLaura Bell
Scientific career
Fieldspharmacy, botany
Author abbrev. (botany)Rugel

Ferdinand Ignatius Xavier Rugel (17 December 1806 – 31 January 1879) was a German-born American pharmacist, botanist, and plant collector.

Life

Ferdinand Rugel was born on 17 December 1806 in Wolfegg, a municipality in the district of Ravensburg in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. He died on 31 January 1879 in Jefferson County, Tennessee, US at the age of 72 years. He was buried at the Westminster Presbyterian Church Cemetery in the town of White Pine, Tennessee. The inscription on his gravestone states he was born on 24 December 1806 but that is in fact incorrect based on church records in Weingarten, a town about 12 kilometers from Wolfegg.

Career

Rugel was a very active plant collector in both Europe and the United States. In Europe, he collected plant specimens in Switzerland, France, Spain, and Sicily. After emigrating to the United States in 1840, he collected widely throughout the southeastern United States during the period 1840–1848 under the direction of R.J. Shuttleworth. He also collected in Cuba in 1849, severing his ties with Shuttleworth during that same year. After 1850, he collected occasionally in Tennessee and Texas. In 1878, he collected in Travis County, Texas, but his collection trip was cut short by a case of boils (furunculosis).

Legacy

Dozens of taxa have been named in honor of Ferdinand Rugel, including Rugelia nudicaulis, Plantago rugelii, and Trillium rugelii. In particular, the American botanist Alvan Wentworth Chapman described the monotypic genus Rugelia in 1860. In his description, Chapman attributed both the generic name Rugelia and the specific epithet nudicaulis to R.J. Shuttleworth. Most of the taxon names honoring Rugel were named by Shuttleworth, who generally left the descriptions to other botanists. Rugel himself named a handful of taxa, the best known being Lithospermum tuberosum Rugel ex A.DC.

See also

The standard author abbreviation Rugel is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

References

  1. Geiser (1950).
  2. Geiser (1948), p. 117.
  3. Geiser (1948), pp. 115–117.
  4. Stafleu & Cowan (1983), pp. 979–980.
  5. Geiser (1948), p. 118.
  6. "Search for 'rugelia'". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  7. "Search for 'rugelii'". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  8. "Rugelia Shuttlew. ex Chapm.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  9. Chapman & Eaton (1865), p. 246.
  10. "Search for 'rugel'". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
  11. "Lithospermum tuberosum Rugel ex A.DC.". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
  12. International Plant Names Index.  Rugel.

Bibliography

External links

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