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{{Short description|Australian zookeeper, conservationist and television personality (1962–2006)}} | |||
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{{About other people|the Australian wildlife expert and television personality}} | |||
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{{About||the flagship of the ]|MY Steve Irwin|the television series he hosted|The Crocodile Hunter}} | |||
{{current}} | |||
{{Infobox Celebrity | |||
| name = Steve Irwin | |||
| image = Steve Irwin.jpg | |||
| caption = | |||
| birth_date = ] ] | |||
| birth_place = ], ], ] | |||
| death_date = ], ] | |||
| death_place = ], ] | |||
| occupation = ] | |||
| spouse = ] | |||
| children = 2 | |||
| website = | |||
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}} | }} | ||
{{Pp-move}} | |||
'''Stephen Robert Irwin''' (] ] – ] ]) was an | |||
{{Pp-pc|small=yes}} | |||
]n ], wildlife expert and television personality. He was best known for the | |||
{{Good article}} | |||
television program '']'', an unconventional ] | |||
{{Use Australian English|date=May 2013}} | |||
series broadcast worldwide and co-hosted with his wife ]. He was also owner and operator of ], in ]. | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}} | |||
{{Infobox person | |||
| name = Steve Irwin | |||
| image = Steve Irwin.jpg | |||
| caption = Irwin in 2005 | |||
| birth_name = Stephen Robert Irwin | |||
| birth_date = {{birth date|1962|2|22|df=y}} | |||
| birth_place = ], Australia | |||
| death_date = {{death date and age|2006|9|4|1962|2|22|df=y}} | |||
| death_place = ], Queensland, Australia | |||
| death_cause = ] | |||
| resting_place = ], ] | |||
| years_active = 1991–2006 | |||
| occupation = {{cslist||]|]|]|]|]}} | |||
| mother = Lyn Hakainsson | |||
| father = ] | |||
| spouse = {{marriage|]|1992|<!-- Omission per Template:Marriage instructions -->}} | |||
| children = {{flatlist| | |||
* ] | |||
* ] | |||
| relatives = {{unbulleted list | Chandler Powell (son-in-law) | Grace Warrior Irwin Powell (granddaughter)}} | |||
}} | |||
| website = {{URL|https://www.australiazoo.com.au}} | |||
| signature = Steve Irwin's signature.svg | |||
}} | |||
'''Stephen Robert Irwin''' (22 February 1962{{spnd}}4 September 2006), known as "'''The Crocodile Hunter'''", was an Australian ], ], ], ] ], and ]. | |||
Irwin grew up around crocodiles and other types of reptiles and was educated regarding them by his father, ]. He achieved international fame in the late 1990s from the television series '']'', an internationally broadcast wildlife documentary series that he co-hosted with his wife, ]. The couple also hosted the series '']'', '']'', and ''New Breed Vets''. They also co-owned and operated ], founded by Steve's parents in ]. They had two children, ] and ]. | |||
In late 2006, Irwin ] while filming ] in the ]. His death became international news and was met with expressions of shock and grief by fans, the media, governments, and non-profit organizations. Numerous parks, zoos, streets, the vessel ], the snail species '']'', and the asteroid {{MoMP|57567|57567 Crikey}} have been named in his honour. The Irwin family continues to operate Australia Zoo. | |||
==Early |
==Early life== | ||
Stephen Robert Irwin was born on his mother's 20th birthday to Lynette "Lyn" Hakainsson (1942–2000) and ] in ], a suburb of ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.australiazoo.com.au/about-us/the-irwins/steve/|title=Steve Irwin|access-date=19 March 2020|publisher=Australia Zoo|archive-date=21 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321034557/http://www.australiazoo.com.au/about-us/the-irwins/steve/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="larry_king_transcript" /> His parents were both of ] and ] descent, with some ] on his mother's side.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ancestryeurope.ie/press/press-releases/australia/2012/04/04 |title=Record number of Irish immigrants to celebrate St. Patrick's Day in Australia |publisher=Ancestryeurope.ie |access-date=10 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160628015856/http://www.ancestryeurope.ie/press/press-releases/australia/2012/04/04 |archive-date=28 June 2016 }}</ref> His great-great-grandfather Joseph Irwin from ] settled in ], Australia in the 1870s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/chinchilla/27-of-tested-aussies-have-irish-ethnicity/news-story/35574a572ff9e7b727a72b6c339b76c3|title=27% of tested Aussies have Irish ethnicity|work=The Courier-Mail|date=15 March 2016|accessdate=22 April 2023}}</ref> He had two sisters named Joy and Mandy. He moved with his parents as a child to Queensland in 1970, where he attended Landsborough State School and Caloundra State High School.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921022209/http://education.qld.gov.au/community/steve-irwin.html |date=21 September 2011 }}, Queensland Government Department of Education and Training, 2006.</ref> Irwin described his father as a wildlife expert interested in ], while his mother Lyn was a ] rehabilitator. After moving to Queensland, Bob and Lyn Irwin started the small Queensland Reptile and Fauna Park, where Steve grew up around ]s and other reptiles. | |||
Born to Lyn and Bob Irwin in ], a suburb of ], ], Irwin moved with his parents as a child to Queensland in 1970. Bob Irwin was a reptile enthusiast and when the family moved, Bob and Lyn Irwin started the small Queensland Reptile and Fauna Park, where Steve grew up around ]s and other reptiles. | |||
Irwin became involved with the park in a number of ways, including taking part in daily animal |
Irwin became involved with the park in a number of ways, including taking part in daily animal feeding, as well as care and maintenance activities. On his sixth birthday, he was given a {{convert|12|ft|0|adj=on}} ]. He began handling crocodiles at the age of nine after his father had educated him on reptiles from an early age.<ref>{{cite web|title=Biography: Steve Irwin |url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20350280-601,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070527095126/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0%2C20867%2C20350280-601%2C00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 May 2007 |work=The Australian |date=4 September 2006 |access-date=4 September 2006 }}</ref> Also at age nine, he wrestled his first crocodile, again under his father's supervision.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Wulff | first = Jennifer | title = Wild by Nature. (Steve Irwin 1962–2006) | journal=People Weekly | volume = 66 | issue = 12 | page = 60 |date=18 September 2006 }}</ref> He worked as a volunteer for Queensland's East Coast Crocodile Management program and captured over 100 crocodiles, some of which were relocated, while others were housed at the family park.<ref name=the_irwins> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100917070838/http://australiazoo.com.au/about-us/the-irwins/ |date=17 September 2010 }}, Australia Zoo web site. Retrieved 14 January 2011.</ref> Irwin took over the management of the park in 1991<ref name=the_irwins /> and renamed it ''Australia Zoo'' in 1998.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LolZVAOAK0UC&pg=PA33 | title=Frommer's Australia 2010 | page=33 | last1=Crittall | first1=Ron | first2=Lee | last2=Atkinson | first3=Marc | last3=Llewellyn | first4=Lee | last4=Mylne | isbn=978-0-470-48214-8 | publisher=Frommer's | year=2009 | access-date=16 January 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Steve Irwin: Spotlight on Australia's Beloved Crocodile Hunter|url=https://theculturetrip.com/pacific/australia/articles/steve-irwin-spotlight-on-australias-beloved-crocodile-hunter|date=9 February 2017|access-date=12 August 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813105402/https://theculturetrip.com/pacific/australia/articles/steve-irwin-spotlight-on-australias-beloved-crocodile-hunter/|archive-date=13 August 2017}}</ref> | ||
==Career== | ==Career== | ||
===''The Crocodile Hunter'' and related work=== | |||
===Rise to fame=== | |||
] with ], the other cast member of '']''.]] | |||
The park was a family run business until it was turned over to Irwin in 1991. He took over the running of the park, now called ], and in 1992 met (at the park) and married Terri. The footage, shot by ], of their crocodile-trapping ] became the first episode of '']'', which became wildly successful in the United States and the UK. His exuberant and enthusiastic presenting style, broad Australian accent, constant wearing of ] and catch-phrase "Crikey!" became known worldwide: '']'' aired in over 120 countries.<ref> | |||
Steve and his wife ] spent their honeymoon trapping crocodiles together. Film footage of their honeymoon, taken by ], became the first episode of '']''. The series debuted on Australian TV screens in 1996 and made its way onto North American television the following year. ''The Crocodile Hunter'' became successful in the United States, the UK,<ref>Platt, R: "A Natural Presenter at One With Nature" The Guardian. 5 September 2006</ref> and over 130 other countries, reaching 500 million people. Irwin's exuberant and enthusiastic presenting style, broad ], signature ] shorts, and ] 'Crikey!' became known internationally.<ref>{{cite web | first = Sandra | last = Lee | title = Wild Thing | url = http://159.54.226.237/00_issues/000618/000618croc_hunter.html | publisher = ] Magazine | date = 18 June 2000 | access-date = 15 January 2011 | url-status=live | archive-url = http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110117030144/http://159.54.226.237/00_issues/000618/000618croc_hunter.html | archive-date = 17 January 2011 | df = dmy-all }}</ref> Sir ] praised Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying "He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was. He was a born communicator".<ref name="Communicator">{{cite news|title=Terri Irwin honours 'inspirational' Attenborough|work=Sydney Morning Herald|date=2 November 2006|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/terri-irwin-honours-inspirational-attenborough-20061102-gdoqlt.html|access-date=10 November 2019|archive-date=10 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110042603/https://www.smh.com.au/world/terri-irwin-honours-inspirational-attenborough-20061102-gdoqlt.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
{{cite news |first = Sandra |last = Lee | author = |title = Wild Thing |url = http://www.usaweekend.com/00_issues/000618/000618croc_hunter.html |publisher = USA Weekend Magazine |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04 }}</ref> | |||
American satellite and cable television channel ] ended ''The Crocodile Hunter'' with a series finale titled 'Steve's Last Adventure'. The last ''Crocodile Hunter'' documentary spanned three hours with footage of Irwin's across-the-world adventure in locations including the ], the ], ], and the ]. | |||
Under Irwin's expansive leadership, the operations grew to include the zoo, the television series, the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation, and International Crocodile Rescue. Improvements to the Australia Zoo include the Animal Planet Crocoseum, the rainforest aviary, and Tiger Temple. Irwin mentioned that he was considering opening an Australia Zoo in ] and possibly other sites around the world. | |||
After ''The Crocodile Hunter'', Irwin went on to star in other Animal Planet documentaries, including '']'',<ref>, Discovery Kids web site. Retrieved 15 January 2011. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604033531/http://kids.discovery.com/fansites/crocfiles/crocfiles.html |date=4 June 2011 }}</ref> '']''<ref> {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008225157/http://animal.discovery.com/fansites/crocdiaries/about/about.html |date=8 October 2012 }}, Animal Planet web site. Retrieved 15 January 2011.</ref> and ''New Breed Vets.''<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714172249/http://www.newbreedvets.com/html/ |date=14 July 2011 }}, ] web site, 10 December 2006.</ref> Animal Planet also created the annual ''Croc Week'' marathon, which lasted a full week in the middle of June, every year from 2000 to 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|last=King|first=Susan|date=8 June 2003|title=Irwin Is a Wild Animal's Best Friend, Mate|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jun-08-tv-coverstory8-story.html|access-date=20 April 2021|website=]|language=en-US|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420193732/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jun-08-tv-coverstory8-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Reid|first=Shauna|date=16 June 2000|title=Croc Week|url=https://www.shaunareid.com/2000/06/croc-week.html|access-date=20 April 2021|newspaper=Shauna Reid|language=en-US|archive-date=20 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420193734/https://www.shaunareid.com/2000/06/croc-week.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=McCormick|first=Moira|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FikEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22animal+planet%22+++%22croc+week%22&pg=PA129|title=What a 'Croc'|date=12 May 2001|publisher=]|pages=129|language=en|access-date=4 May 2021|archive-date=16 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416225628/https://books.google.com/books?id=FikEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22animal+planet%22+++%22croc+week%22&pg=PA129|url-status=live}}</ref> During a January 2006 interview on ''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'', Irwin announced that ] would be developing a show for his daughter, ]<ref>''The Tonight Show with Jay Leno'', 13 January 2006.</ref> – a plan realised after his death as the series '']''.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104084438/http://www.theage.com.au/opinion/despite-the-facts-steve-irwin-is-still-alive-for-bindis-fans-20080713-3eh6.html |date=4 November 2012 }}, '']'', 14 July 2008.</ref> | |||
===Film=== | |||
In 2001, Irwin appeared in a cameo role in the ] film '']''. In 2002, his first and only feature film '']'' was released. In general, reviews of this film were negative. Irwin portrayed himself, in addition to performing numerous stunts for the film. The film follows Irwin who mistakes some ] agents for poachers. He sets out to stop them from capturing a crocodile, who, unknown to him, has actually swallowed a tracking drone. The film won the Best Family Feature Film award for a comedy film at the ]. The film was produced on a budget of about $12 million, and has grossed over $28 million (as of September 2006).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=crocodilehunter.htm |title=The Crocodile Hunter:Collision Course |accessmonthday=] |accessyear= 2006 |work=] |publisher=Box Office Mojo, LLC}}</ref><!-- presumably US$ --> In 2003 Irwin was reportedly in line to host a ] on Australian network television, a series that never went into production. | |||
===Other television and film work=== | |||
===Animal Planet=== | |||
] | |||
] released a "Crocodile Hunter" special called "Crocodiles & Controversy," which attempted to explain some incidents behind Irwin's controversies. This special argues that Irwin's son was never in danger of being eaten by the crocodile, and that Irwin could not have endangered animals in Antarctica. | |||
In 1998, Irwin continued his television career, working with director ] to present ''The Ten Deadliest Snakes in the World''.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210221021/http://www.wildfilmhistory.org/film/310/The+Ten+Deadliest+Snakes+in+the+World+with+Steve+Irwin.html |date=10 February 2011 }}, ''Wild Film History''. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</ref> He appeared on several episodes of '']''.<ref> by Glenn Collins {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117122929/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/05/obituaries/05irwin.html?_r=1 |date=17 January 2016 }}, ''The New York Times'', 5 September 2006: "... he was an ebullient staple of American talk shows ranging from ''The Tonight Show With Jay Leno'' to ''Live With Regis and Kelly''."</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118072626/http://arkanimals.com/dlg/steveirwin.htm |date=18 November 2010 }}, Diana L. Guerrero, ''Ark Animals''. Retrieved 5 February 2011: "I met Steve Irwin and Terri Irwin on the set of the Tonight Show with Jay Leno."</ref> A 2000 ] commercial with Irwin lightheartedly dealt with the possibility of occupational death from snakebite and the fanciful notion that FedEx would have saved him, if only FedEx were used.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://theinspirationroom.com/daily/2006/fedex-fierce-snake-with-steve-irwin/ |title=Steve Irwin Handles Fierce Snake For Fedex |newspaper=The Inspiration Room |date=21 September 2006 |access-date=30 March 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217140550/http://theinspirationroom.com/daily/2006/fedex-fierce-snake-with-steve-irwin/ |archive-date=17 February 2012 }}</ref> | |||
Under Irwin's leadership, the operations grew to include the zoo, the television series, the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation (later renamed ]), and the International Crocodile Rescue. Improvements to the Australia Zoo include the Animal Planet Crocoseum, the rainforest aviary and Tiger Temple. Irwin mentioned that he was considering opening an Australia Zoo in ], Nevada, and possibly at other sites around the world.<ref name="larry_king_transcript">{{cite news |url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0411/25/lkl.01.html |title=Larry King Live Interview With Steve Irwin |access-date=4 September 2006 |last=King |first=Larry |author-link=Larry King |author2=Irwin, Steve |date=25 November 2004 |publisher=CNN |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051124145912/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0411/25/lkl.01.html |archive-date=24 November 2005 }}</ref> | |||
Animal Planet ended ''The Crocodile Hunter'' with a series finale entitled "Steve's Last Adventure." The last Crocodile Hunter documentary went for three emotional hours with footage of Irwin's across-the-world adventure, visiting locations like the ], the ], ], and the ]. Irwin went on to star in other Animal Planet documentaries, including '']'', '']'', and '']''. | |||
In 2001, Irwin appeared in a ] in the ] film '']'', in which an alligator warns Dolittle that he knows Irwin is going to grab him and is prepared to attack when he does, but Dolittle fails to warn Irwin in time. Irwin's only starring feature film role was in 2002's '']'', which was released to mixed reviews. In the film, Irwin (who portrayed himself and performed numerous stunts) mistakes some ] agents for poachers. He sets out to stop them from capturing a crocodile, which, unknown to him, has actually swallowed a ]. The film won the Best Family Feature Film award for a comedy film at the ]. The film was produced on a budget of about US$12 million, and has grossed $33 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=crocodilehunter.htm |title=The Crocodile Hunter:Collision Course |work=] |publisher=Box Office Mojo, LLC |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20110925145719/http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=crocodilehunter.htm |archive-date=25 September 2011 }}</ref> To promote the film, Irwin was featured in an animated short produced by ] for Intermix.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.animaxent.com/crocodile_hunter| publisher=Animax| title=The Crocodile Hunter| access-date=10 September 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061026105519/http://www.animaxent.com/crocodile_hunter |archive-date = 26 October 2006}}</ref> | |||
===Later projects=== | |||
].]] | |||
In January 2006 as part of ''Australia Week'' celebrations in the USA, Irwin appeared at the ], ] in ], ]. During an interview on '']'', Irwin announced that ] would be developing a show for his daughter, Bindi Sue.<ref>'']'', ] ].</ref> The show, '']'', was tipped to be similar to ] movies, with songs that surround a story. A feature-length episode of Australian kids TV show '']'' entitled "Wiggly Safari" appears dedicated to Irwin, and he's featured in it heavily with his wife and daughter. The show includes the song "Crocodile Hunter, Big Steve Irwin". | |||
In 2002, Irwin and his family appeared in the ] video/DVD release ''Wiggly Safari'', which was set in Australia Zoo and featured singing and dancing inspired by Australian wildlife.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005004658/https://www.amazon.com/Wiggles-Wiggly-Safari/dp/B000068GFY |date=5 October 2016 }} (DVD), Lyons / Hit Ent., 3 September 2002.</ref> Irwin fronted an advertising campaign for ] in 2003, a passenger train operating between ], ], and ].<ref>{{cite news | title=Ghan's New 'Steve Irwin' Loco to Bring Tourists to Top End | date=26 September 2003 | publisher=ABC News | url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2003/09/26/954373.htm | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222045925/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2003/09/26/954373.htm | archive-date=22 February 2011 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> A ] ] locomotive was named ''Steve Irwin'' as part of the campaign. | |||
In 2006, the American network ] had begun to show a series of specials starring Irwin and his family as they traveled on cross-country tours. | |||
===Environmentalism=== | |||
Irwin was an open supporter of the conservative ]. In particular, he strongly supported the incumbent ] ], describing him once as "the greatest leader Australia has ever had" and the "greatest leader in the entire world"; comments which drew a cynical reaction in the national media.<ref> | |||
{{See also|Wildlife Warriors}} | |||
{{cite news |first = Miranda |last = Devine |author = |coauthors = |title = Crikey! Praise for PM puts you in a snake pit |url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/11/08/1068243301741.html |format = |work = |publisher = The Sun-Herald |pages = |page = |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04 |language = }}</ref> | |||
] at ] in 2005]]Irwin was a passionate ] and believed in promoting ] by sharing his excitement about the natural world rather than preaching to people. He was concerned with conservation of ] and ] leading to loss of habitat. He considered conservation to be the most important part of his work: 'I consider myself a wildlife warrior. My mission is to save the world's endangered species'.<ref name="Murdoch">{{cite news|last=King Murdoch|first=Anna|date=10 June 2003|title=He's smart, by crikey|work=The Age|publisher=The Age Company Ltd|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/06/09/1055010919523.html|url-status=live|access-date=4 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070901215310/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/06/09/1055010919523.html|archive-date=1 September 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Irwin bought 'large tracts of land' in ], ], ], and the ], which he described as 'like ]s' and stressed the importance of people realising that they could each make a difference.<ref>{{cite web|author=Denton, Andrew|author-link=Andrew Denton|author2=Irwin, Steve|date=6 October 2003|title=Enough Rope with Andrew Denton – episode 30: Steve Irwin|url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s960998.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060710050845/http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s960998.htm|archive-date=10 July 2006|access-date=4 September 2006|publisher=]}}</ref> | |||
Irwin founded the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation, which became an independent ] and was later renamed ']'.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223000702/http://www.australiazoo.com.au/conservation/wildlife-warriors/|date=23 February 2011}}, ''Australia Zoo''. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</ref> He also helped found International Crocodile Rescue,<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110128141436/http://www.internationalcrocodilerescue.com.au/about_rescue_unit/index.html|date=28 January 2011}}, ''International Crocodile Rescue''. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</ref> the Lyn Irwin Memorial Fund (named in memory of his mother, who died in an automobile crash in 2000),<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110223030659/http://www.australiazoo.com.au/conservation/lyn-irwin-memorial-fund/|date=23 February 2011}}, ''Australia Zoo''. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</ref> and the Iron Bark Station Wildlife Rehabilitation Facility.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312044553/http://www.australiazoo.com.au/conservation/programs/habitat.php|date=12 March 2011}}, ''Australia Zoo''. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</ref> | |||
===Media work=== | |||
] | |||
Irwin was also involved in several media campaigns. He was employed by the ] to promote Australia's strict ]/customs requirements, with advertisements and posters featuring slogans such as, "Quarantine Matters! Don't muck with it" . | |||
Irwin urged people to take part in considerate tourism and not support illegal ] through the purchase of items such as turtle shells or ].<ref name="SharkFinSoup">{{cite web|date=4 September 2006|title=Death of the crocodile hunter|url=http://www.thefirstpost.co.uk/index.php?menuID=2&subID=883&p=3|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061012235957/http://www.thefirstpost.co.uk/index.php?menuID=2&subID=883&p=3|archive-date=12 October 2006|access-date=10 September 2006|work=The First Post|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
In 2004 he was appointed ambassador for ], an ] to ] train that began operations in 2004. For some time he was sponsored by ], in keeping with his rugged outback image.<ref>: Crikey! Steve Irwin loves his Toyotas! </ref> | |||
] was an inspiration to Irwin, according to his widow. When presenting a ] to Attenborough after Irwin's death at the British ] on 31 October 2006, Terri Irwin said, 'If there's one person who directly inspired my husband it's the person being honoured tonight.... real, true love was conservation – and the influence of tonight's recipient in preserving the natural world has been immense'.<ref name="Inspiration">{{cite news|date=1 November 2006|title=Wildlife legend honoured|work=ITN News|publisher=ITN|url=http://www.itn.co.uk/news/entertainment_6bf41e7a55ac3b005e7946fe9fb592da.html|access-date=1 November 2006|archive-date=20 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320143150/https://www.itn.co.uk/news/entertainment_6bf41e7a55ac3b005e7946fe9fb592da.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Attenborough reciprocated by praising Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying, 'He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was he was a born communicator'.<ref name="Communicator" /> | |||
He was also a keen promoter for Australian tourism in general and Queensland tourism in particular. In 2002 the ] was voted Queensland's top tourist attraction.<ref name=Murdoch>{{cite news | first =Anna | last =King Murdoch |title =He's smart, by crikey | url =http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/06/09/1055010919523.html | work =The Age | publisher = The Age Company Ltd | date = ] 2003| accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> His immense popularity in the US meant he often promoted Australia as a tourist destination there.<ref name=Elliot>{{cite news | first =Geoff | last =Elliot | title =Keep it simple, mate | work =] | publisher =News Limited | date = ] 2006}}</ref> | |||
===Sporting activities===<!-- Say "sporting" to avoid the usage issue of "sports" vs. "sport" --> | |||
===Honours=== | |||
Irwin loved ] competitions and trained with Greg Jackson in the fighting/grappling system of ].<ref> www.jacksons.tv. Retrieved 7 September 2006. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923141512/http://www.jacksons.tv/mma/index.php|date=23 September 2015}}</ref> | |||
In 2001 Irwin was awarded the ] for his "service to global conservation and to Australian tourism".<ref></ref> In 2004 he was recognised as Tourism Export of the Year.<ref>, copy of ] article, originally published 10th December, 2004.</ref> | |||
Also in 2004, he was nominated for ], which was won by ]. Doubts were cast over his nomination when the "baby Bob" incident occurred in January that year.<ref>{{cite news |title = Irwin defends stunt |url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/01/05/1073267964997.html |publisher = Sydney Morning Herald |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> | |||
He was an avid cricket fan. This was seen during his visit to ] where he played cricket with some local children and said 'I love cricket' and 'It's a shame we have to go catch some snakes now'. This was seen during the ''Crocodile Hunter'' episode 'Island of the Snakes'.<ref>{{cite web|date=26 February 2008|title=Island of Snakes part 6|website=]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKdXrSjVdOM|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216142737/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UKdXrSjVdOM&feature=related|archive-date=16 December 2013|access-date=26 February 2008}}</ref> | |||
===Environmentalism=== | |||
Irwin was a passionate ] and believed in promoting ] by sharing his excitement about the natural world rather than preaching to people. He was concerned with conservation of ] and ] leading to loss of habitat. He considered conservation to be the most important part of his work: "I consider myself a wild-life warrior. My mission is to save the world's endangered species."<ref name=Murdoch/> Irwin bought "large tracts of land" in ], ], ] and the ], which he described as "like ]s" and stressed the importance of people realising that they could each make a difference.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.abc.net.au/tv/enoughrope/transcripts/s960998.htm |title=ENOUGH ROPE with Andrew Denton - episode 30: Steve Irwin |accessmonthday= ] | accessyear= 2006|author=Denton, Andrew |authorlink=Andrew Denton |coauthors=Irvine, Steve |date= ] |work= |publisher=] }}</ref> | |||
Having grown up in Essendon, Irwin was a fan of the ], an ] club in the ].<ref name="times"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725004047/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-2342450,00.html|date=25 July 2008}} The Times Online 5 September 2006. Retrieved 6 September 2006</ref> Irwin took part in an Australian Rules football promotion in Los Angeles as part of 'Australia Week' in early 2006.<ref>. Retrieved 5 September 2006 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205045829/http://www.australia-week.com/page/AFLMatchSteveIrwinShow|date=5 February 2007}}</ref> After his death, a picture of Irwin wearing a Bombers ] was shown by ] in their ] ranking of the worst ] ] teams after Week 1 of the season in tribute to him.<ref>{{cite web|last=Duffey|first=David|date=6 September 2006|title=The Bottom 10: Have a look at this beauty|url=https://www.espn.com/college-football/news/story?id=2573548|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061103210229/http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/news/story?id=2573548|archive-date=3 November 2006|access-date=11 September 2006|publisher=ESPN|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
He had urged people to take part in considerate tourism and not support illegal ] through the purchase of items such as turtle shells, or ]:{{Cquote2|These Hitlers use the camouflage of science to make money out of animals... So whenever they murder our animals and call it sustainable use, I'll fight it. Since when has killing a wild animal, eating it or wearing it, ever saved a species? | |||
<P> | |||
There are people who butt out their cigarettes in gorilla-paw ashtrays, with wastepaper baskets that were once elephant feet, who have ivory ornaments… who wear cheetah fur. Don't buy these things! Then there'll be no market and the animals won't be killed. | |||
<P> | |||
We have domesticated livestock raised for consumption and perfectly good fake leather and fur, so why must we kill wild animals to satisfy the macabre taste of some rich person?<ref>, copy of an article from '']'', August 2006.</ref>}} | |||
He founded the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation, which was later renamed ], and became an independent ]. He was described after his death by the ] of ] Queensland as a "modern-day ]", and ] naturalist ] lauded his skills as a ] and media performer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://today.reuters.com/News/CrisesArticle.aspx?storyId=SP68982 |title=Australia stunned by death of "modern-day Noah" |accessmonthday=] |accessyear=2006 |last=Tait |first=Paul |date= ] |work=Reuters.com |publisher=Reuters}}</ref> Irwin discovered a new species of turtle that now bears his name, '']'' — Irwin's Turtle — a type of ] found on the coast of Queensland. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deh.gov.au/cgi-bin/abrs/fauna/details.pl?pstrVol=REPTILIA;pstrTaxa=3312;pstrChecklistMode=1 |title=Elseya irwini |accessmonthday=] |accessyear=2006 |work=Australian Faunal Directory |publisher=Department of the Environment and Heritage, Commonwealth of Australia }}</ref> | |||
Having lived in Queensland most of his life, Irwin was also a fan of ]. As a teenager, he played for the Caloundra Sharks as a second-rower,<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113171046/http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,20383719-3102,00.html|date=13 November 2007}}. Retrieved 12 September 2006</ref> and as an adult he was known to be a passionate ] fan and was involved with the club on several occasions. On one occasion after turning up to training he asked if he could tackle the largest player, ]. Despite being thrown to the ground and looking like he'd been crushed he was jovial about the experience. | |||
He also helped to found a number of other projects, such as the ], as well as the Lyn Irwin Memorial Fund, in memory of his mother, with proceeds going to the ]. | |||
Irwin also supported ], being a fan of the national team, the ]. He once wore a Wallaby jersey during a demonstration at the zoo. A behind-the-scenes episode of ''The Crocodile Hunter'' showed Irwin and the crew finding a petrol station in a remote part of ] to watch the Wallabies defeat ] in the ] Final. | |||
==Media image== | |||
Irwin cultivated an image as an "Aussie ]", making liberal use of ] (such as his catchcry, "Crikey!") in a very broad ]. His unabashed enthusiasm for dangerous animals and childlike energy sometimes made him appear simple, which initially drew some criticism at home. He expressed disappointment at times for media criticism, believing he was being targeted due to a ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/stuff/0,2106,3786548a12,00.html |title=Cultural cringe irked Irwin |accessmonthday=] |accessyear=2006 |last=Tourelle |first=Greg |date=] |work=stuff.co.nz | publisher=Fairfax New Zealand Ltd }}</ref> | |||
Irwin was also a talented surfer.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Surfers invited to pay tribute|url=https://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/scd-surfers-invited-to-pay-tribute/317393/|access-date=31 July 2019|work=Sunshine Coast Daily|archive-date=30 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190730170257/https://www.sunshinecoastdaily.com.au/news/scd-surfers-invited-to-pay-tribute/317393/|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
Regardless of local opinion, his media personage was very popular worldwide but especially in the ], akin to another great international Australian success — ] as "]" in the 1980s.<ref name=Elliot/> | |||
===Media campaigns=== | |||
His friends and family often reported that he was to them as he was to the rest of the world — larger than life.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/austory/content/2003/s949278.htm |title=Australian Story What Lies Beneath Transcript |accessmonthday=] |accessyear=2006 |last=Crowe |first=Russell |authorlink= |coauthors=Irwin, Steve |date=] |publisher=]}}</ref> | |||
]Irwin was involved in several media campaigns. He enthusiastically joined with the ] to promote Australia's strict ] requirements, with advertisements and posters featuring slogans such as, 'Quarantine Matters! Don't muck with it'. His payments for these advertising campaigns were directed into his wildlife fund.<ref name="Willis">{{cite web|author=Willis, Louise|author2=Irwin, Steve|author3=Colvin, Mark|date=4 November 2003|title=PM – Steve Irwin defends quarantine ad|url=http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2003/s982212.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050822191948/http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2003/s982212.htm|archive-date=22 August 2005|access-date=5 September 2006|publisher=]|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
In 2004, Irwin was appointed ambassador for ], the passenger train running from ] to ] in the central Australian outback, when the line was extended all the way to ] on the northern coast that year. For some time he was sponsored by ].<ref>{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}: Crikey! Steve Irwin loves his Toyotas!</ref> | |||
Due to his memorable persona, numerous parodies of Irwin exist, including appearances in '']'', '']'', '']'', the ] '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', the ] ], and ] of '']'' episode, among others. | |||
Irwin was a keen promoter for Australian tourism in general and Queensland tourism in particular. In 2002, the Australia Zoo was voted Queensland's top tourist attraction.<ref name="Murdoch" /> His immense popularity in the United States meant he often promoted Australia as a tourist destination there.<ref name="Elliot">{{cite news|last=Elliot|first=Geoff|date=27 January 2006|title=Keep it simple, mate|work=The Australian}} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060827042146/http://www.australianmade.com.au/news/articles/7364.asp|date=27 August 2006}}</ref> As a part of the United States' 'Australia Week' celebrations in January 2006, Irwin appeared at ]'s ] in Los Angeles, California.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425112212/http://www.asucla.ucla.edu/docs/120205min.doc|date=25 April 2012}} of the Associated Students, UCLA, board of directors regular meeting, 2 December 2005, p. 4: "The week of 15 January 2006 will be 'Australia Week' on campus. Events include a Steve Irwin show at Pauley Pavilion...."</ref> | |||
===Search and rescue in Mexico=== | |||
In November 2003, Irwin was filming a documentary on sea lions off the coast of ] in Mexico when he heard via his boat's radio that two ]s were reported missing in the area. Irwin and his entire crew suspended operations to aid in the search. His team's divers searched with the rescue divers, and Irwin used his vessel to patrol the waters around the island where the incident occurred, as well as using his satellite communications system to call in a rescue plane. On the second day of the search, ]s found one of the divers, Scott Jones, perched on a narrow rock ledge jutting out from the side of a cliff. Irwin and a crew member escorted him to Irwin's boat. The other lost diver, Katie Vrooman, was found dead by a search plane later the same day not far from Jones' location.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cdnn.info/safety/s031123/s031123.html|last=Geyer|first=Thomas|title= | |||
Diver remembers day her scuba buddy died in Baja|date=23 November 2003|website=Cyber Diver News Network|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070126104357/http://www.cdnn.info/safety/s031123/s031123.html|archive-date=26 January 2007|accessdate=25 March 2024}}</ref> | |||
==Death and funeral== | |||
{{Main|Death of Steve Irwin}} | |||
Irwin died on 4 September 2006, after being pierced in the chest by a ] barb while filming in the ] with ] The stinger penetrated his ], causing massive trauma.<ref>{{cite web |author=Crocodile Hunter |url=http://animal.discovery.com/fansites/crochunter/steve-irwin/stingray/stingray.html |title=Discovery Channel Mourns the Death of Steve Irwin |publisher=Animal.discovery.com |date=30 May 2012 |access-date=10 March 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107070254/http://animal.discovery.com/fansites/crochunter/steve-irwin/stingray/stingray.html |archive-date=7 January 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/google-doodle-celebrates-57th-birth-anniversary-of-steve-irwin-the-crocodile-hunter/articleshow/68105486.cms?|title=Steve Irwin: Google Doodle celebrates 57th birth anniversary of Steve Irwin, the crocodile hunter|date=22 February 2019|access-date=22 February 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222065517/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/google-doodle-celebrates-57th-birth-anniversary-of-steve-irwin-the-crocodile-hunter/articleshow/68105486.cms|archive-date=22 February 2019|publisher=Times of India|ref=Steve Irwin death}}</ref> He was at ], near ], Queensland, taking part in the production of the documentary series '']''. Irwin's death is believed to be the only fatality from a stingray captured on video.<ref>{{cite news | title = Stingray Deaths Rare and Agonizing | url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/09/04/australia.irwin.stingray.reut/index.html |agency=Reuters |publisher=CNN | date = 4 September 2006 | access-date =4 September 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060921002229/http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/09/04/australia.irwin.stingray.reut/index.html |archive-date = 21 September 2006}}</ref> His death was met with shock and grief by fans, the media, governments and non-profit organisations. | |||
A private funeral service took place on 9 September 2006.<ref>{{cite news|last=Robson|first=Lou|date=10 September 2006|title=Family says private farewell|publisher=The Sunday Mail|url=http://www.news.com.au/sundaymail/story/0,23739,20383870-3102,00.html|access-date=10 September 2006|archive-date=4 September 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120904133420/http://www.news.com.au/sundaymail/story/0,23739,20383870-3102,00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Irwin was buried in a private ceremony at ] later that same day.<ref name="BBC0609132">{{cite news|date=13 September 2006|title='Crocoseum' tribute set for Irwin|publisher=BBC|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/5340906.stm|url-status=live|access-date=13 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616115521/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/5340906.stm|archive-date=16 June 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> A public memorial service was held in Australia Zoo's 5,500-seat Crocoseum on 30 September 2006; this service was broadcast live and it is estimated to have been seen by over 300 million viewers.<ref>{{cite news|date=19 September 2006|title=300 Million People To Watch Steve Irwin Memorial|publisher=ecanadanow.com|url=http://www.ecanadanow.com/world/2006/09/19/300-million-people-to-watch-steve-irwin-memorial/|url-status=live|access-date=13 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061026205438/http://www.ecanadanow.com/world/2006/09/19/300-million-people-to-watch-steve-irwin-memorial/|archive-date=26 October 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
] | |||
==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
=== |
===Marriage and family=== | ||
In 1991, Irwin met ], an American naturalist from ], who was visiting wildlife rehabilitation facilities in Australia and had decided to visit the zoo. According to the couple, it was love at first sight.<ref>{{cite web|title=Steve Irwin, Terri Love At First Site|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIBdllXPg14 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211217/BIBdllXPg14 |archive-date=2021-12-17 |url-status=live|access-date=9 June 2017|website=YouTube| date=8 September 2006 }}{{cbignore}}</ref> Terri said at the time, 'I thought there was no one like this anywhere in the world. He sounded like an environmental Tarzan, a larger-than-life superhero guy'.<ref name="Who.com">{{cite web|date=2 November 2002|title=Reptile Romance|url=http://www.who.com/who/scoop/article/0,19971,1531530,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930160513/http://www.who.com/who/scoop/article/0,19971,1531530,00.html|archive-date=30 September 2007|access-date=4 September 2006|work=Who Magazine|df=dmy-all}}</ref> They were engaged four months later and were married in Eugene on 4 June 1992. Together they had two children: a daughter, ] (born 24 July 1998), and a son, ] (born 1 December 2003).<ref>{{cite web|date=11 April 2012|title=Crocodile Hunter Steve Irwin's Son Feeds Alligators|url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/04/crocodile-hunter-steve-irwins-son-feeds-alligators/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411231346/http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/04/crocodile-hunter-steve-irwins-son-feeds-alligators/|archive-date=11 April 2012|publisher=] (American Broadcasting Company)|quote=The 8-year-old son of famed wildlife expert Steve Irwin was seen feeding baby alligators at the Irwin family's Australia zoo, following in the footsteps of his crocodile hunter dad.|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Bindi Sue is jointly named after two of Steve Irwin's favourite animals: Bindi, a ], and Sui, a ]. Robert is named after Irwin's father Bob and Terri's father Clarence. | |||
In 1992, Irwin married ] from ], ], in the United States. The pair had met a few months earlier when Terri had visited the zoo on a holiday. Together they had two children: a daughter, Bindi Sue Irwin (born ] ]), and a son, Robert Clarence "Bob" Irwin (born ] ]). Bindi Sue is jointly named after two of Steve's favourite animals: Bindi, a ], and Sui, a dog that died in June 2004. | |||
Irwin |
Irwin once described his daughter Bindi as 'the reason was put on the Earth'. His wife once said, 'The only thing that could ever keep him away from the animals he loves are the people he loves even more'.<ref name="larry_king_transcript" /> Although the Irwins were happily married, they did not wear wedding rings; they believed that in their line of work, wearing jewellery could pose a hazard to them or the animals.<ref> Retrieved 7 September 2007. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105143000/http://www.americanprofile.com/article/3687.html|date=5 November 2006}}</ref> Irwin frequently said that if he was to be remembered for anything, he hoped that it would be for being a good father.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steve Irwin - The Crocodile Hunter - Australia Zoo|url=https://www.australiazoo.com.au/about-us/the-irwins/steve/|access-date=2021-09-13|language=en-AU|archive-date=21 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200321034557/http://www.australiazoo.com.au/about-us/the-irwins/steve/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
On 11 February 2000, Irwin's mother Lyn was killed in a car accident. In an online tribute, he called her 'the most beautiful, loving, nurturing, and caring person to have ever blessed this world'.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Crocodile Hunter - Steve's Say|url=http://www.crocodilehunter.com.au/crocodile_hunter/about_steve_terri/_tribute_to_lyn.html|access-date=2021-09-14|website=www.crocodilehunter.com.au|archive-date=19 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210619173037/http://www.crocodilehunter.com.au/crocodile_hunter/about_steve_terri/_tribute_to_lyn.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
===Controversy=== | |||
Major controversy arose during a public show on ] ], when Irwin carried his infant son, Bob, in one arm while feeding a chicken carcass to a crocodile with the other hand. The infant was close to the crocodile, and comparisons were made in the press to ]'s dangling of his son outside a German hotel window. In addition, child welfare groups, ] groups, and many of Irwin's television viewers criticised his actions as being irresponsible and tantamount to ]. Irwin claimed that any danger to his son was only a perceived danger and that he was in complete control of the situation, and consistently refused to apologise for his actions despite considerable public outcry both in Australia and abroad. His defenders pointed to his many decades of hands-on experience and direct interaction with crocodiles, as well as his well-known devotion to his responsibilities as a father. Terri Irwin claimed that their child was in no more real danger than a child being taught to swim would be. No charges were filed (although the police did visit Irwin at his home and advised him not to repeat the incident).<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/01/04/1073151212433.html | title = Croc hunter ducks for cover | first = Claire | last = O'Rourke | publisher = ] | date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> | |||
==Political views== | |||
The incident prompted the Queensland government to change its crocodile-handling laws, banning children and untrained adults from entering crocodile enclosures.<ref>{{cite news |first = |last = |author = |coauthors = |title = Steve Irwin baby concerns prompt law change |url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/Steve-Irwin-baby-concerns-prompt-law-change/2005/02/23/1109046983142.html |format = |work = |publisher = Sydney Morning Herald |pages = |page = |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04 |language = }}</ref> In June 2004, allegations were made that he came too close to and disturbed some wildlife (namely ], ] and ]s) while filming a documentary, ''Ice Breaker'', in ].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/14/1087065037593.html | title = Crocodile Hunter's frolic with whales gets frosty reception | first = Karen | last = Middleton | publisher = ] | date = ]|accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> Subsequently, the matter was closed without charges being filed.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3896685.stm | title = Irwin cleared after Penguin Probe | publisher = ] | date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> | |||
{{Needs expansion|date=December 2024}} | |||
While Irwin was usually apolitical, he once described ] ] ] as "the greatest leader Australia has ever had" and "the greatest leader in the entire world" during Howard's visit to Australia Zoo in 2003.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.smh.com.au/opinion/crikey-praise-for-pm-puts-you-in-a-snake-pit-20031109-gdhqvg.html | title=Crikey! Praise for PM puts you in a snake pit | date=9 November 2003 }}</ref> | |||
== |
==Controversies== | ||
On 2 January 2004, Irwin carried his one-month-old son, ], in his arm while hand-feeding a chicken carcass to Murray, a {{convert|3.8|m|ftin|adj=on}} saltwater crocodile. The infant was close to the crocodile, and comparisons were made in the press to ] dangling his son outside a German hotel window.<ref name="babydangling">{{Cite news|last=Barkham|first=Patrick|date=5 September 2006|title=It's like a part of Australia has died|work=The Guardian|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/australia/story/0,,1865085,00.html|access-date=5 September 2006|archive-date=16 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416225558/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/sep/05/australia.broadcasting|url-status=live}}</ref> In addition, some child welfare groups, ] groups, and some of Irwin's television viewers criticised his actions as irresponsible and tantamount to ].<ref>{{cite news|date=3 January 2004|title=Inquiry into croc baby stunt|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3364733.stm|url-status=live|access-date=4 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070115075946/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3364733.stm|archive-date=15 January 2007}}</ref> Irwin apologised on the US NBC show '']''.<ref>{{cite news|last=McIlveen|first=Luke|date=4 September 2006|title=Irwin's Death was Filmed|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=UK|url=http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0,22049,20349993-5001021,00.html|url-status=dead|access-date=9 February 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060920134854/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0%2C22049%2C20349993-5001021%2C00.html|archive-date=20 September 2006}}</ref> Both he and his wife publicly stated that Irwin was in complete control of the situation, as he had dealt with crocodiles since he was a small child, and based on his lifetime of experience neither he nor his son was in any danger. He also showed footage of the event shot from a different angle, demonstrating that they were much farther from the crocodile than they had appeared in the publicised clip.<ref>{{cite news|last=Schembri|first=Jim|date=15 January 2004|title=TV's mixed messages|work=The Age|location=Australia|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/01/15/1073877890197.html|url-status=live|access-date=31 January 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071113094207/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/01/15/1073877890197.html|archive-date=13 November 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Terri said their child was in no more danger than one being taught to swim. No charges were filed; according to one journalist, Irwin told officials he would not repeat the action.<ref>{{cite news|last=O'Rourke|first=Claire|date=5 January 2004|title=Croc hunter ducks for cover|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/01/04/1073151212433.html|url-status=live|access-date=4 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512191014/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/01/04/1073151212433.html|archive-date=12 May 2006}}</ref> The incident prompted the ] to change its crocodile-handling laws, banning children and untrained adults from entering crocodile enclosures.<ref>{{cite news|date=24 February 2005|title=Steve Irwin baby concerns prompt law change|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/National/Steve-Irwin-baby-concerns-prompt-law-change/2005/02/23/1109046983142.html|url-status=live|access-date=4 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061005100924/http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/Steve-Irwin-baby-concerns-prompt-law-change/2005/02/23/1109046983142.html|archive-date=5 October 2006}}</ref> | |||
Shortly after 11:00 am ] on ], ], Irwin was fatally pierced in the chest by a ] barb while diving in ]'s ], which is part of the ]. The events were caught on ] and the footage is now in the possession of ].<ref name=AustNews>{{cite news|first = Ian|last = Gerard|coauthors = and Koch, Tony|title = Steve Irwin's freak death filmed|url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20355112-601,00.html|publisher = The Australian|date = ]|accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> Irwin was in the area filming his own documentary, to be called ''The Ocean's Deadliest'', but weather had stalled filming. Irwin decided to take the opportunity to film some shallow water shots for a segment in the ] his daughter Bindi was hosting,<ref name="theage_croc_hunter">{{cite news | title = Croc Hunter Irwin killed by stingray | publisher = THE AGE | date = ] | url = http://www.theage.com.au/news/National/Croc-Hunter-Steve-Irwin-died-instantly/2006/09/04/1157222051588.html| accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> when, according to his friend and colleague ], he swam too close to one of the animals. "He came on top of the stingray and the stingray's barb went up and into his chest and put a hole into his heart," said Stainton, who was on board Irwin's boat at the time. | |||
In June 2004, allegations were made that he disturbed wildlife (namely whales, seals and penguins) while filming ''The Crocodile Hunter'' episode "]" in ]. The matter was subsequently closed without charges being laid.<ref name="ice_breaker">{{cite news|date=15 June 2004|title=Irwin cleared after Penguin Probe|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3896685.stm|url-status=live|access-date=4 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060306075536/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3896685.stm|archive-date=6 March 2006}}</ref> | |||
After reviewing the footage of the incident and speaking to the cameraman who recorded it, marine documentary filmmaker and fisherman ] speculated that the ] "felt threatened because Steve was alongside and there was the cameraman ahead..."<ref name=AustNews /> In such a case, the stingray responds by automatically flexing the serrated barb on its tail up to a ] of 25 ] (10 ]) of length. | |||
After questions arose in 2003 about Irwin being paid $175,000 worth of taxpayers' money to appear in a television advertisement and his possible political ties, Irwin told the ] (ABC) that he was a conservationist and did not choose sides in politics. His comments describing Australian Prime Minister ] as the 'greatest leader in the world' earned him scorn in the media.<ref>{{cite news|last=Devine|first=Miranda|date=9 November 2003|title=Crikey! Praise for PM puts you in a snake pit|work=The Sun-Herald|url=https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/11/08/1068243301741.html|url-status=live|access-date=5 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512190824/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/11/08/1068243301741.html|archive-date=12 May 2006}}</ref> | |||
"He came over the top of a stingray that was buried in the sand, and the barb came up and hit him in the chest," Stainton said. Cropp said Irwin had accidentally boxed the animal in. "It stopped and twisted and threw up its tail with the spike, and it caught him in the chest. It's a defensive thing. It's like being stabbed with a dirty dagger." The ] that stung Irwin was "a one-in-a-million thing," Cropp told ] magazine. "I have swum with many rays, and I have only had one do that to me."<ref name=CNN>{{cite news |title='Crocodile Hunter' Steve Irwin dead |url=http://www.cnn.com/2006/SHOWBIZ/TV/09/04/australia.irwin/index.html|publisher=] |date=] |accessdate=2006-09-04 }}</ref> In this case, the motion struck Irwin's chest and pierced his heart.<ref name=AustNews /> This was only the third known fatality in Australian history from a stingray attack, only 17 worldwide fatalities have taken place since 1996, and it is believed to be the only fatal attack ever captured on film.<ref>{{cite news | |||
|title = Stingray Deaths Rare and Agonizing | |||
|url = http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/09/04/australia.irwin.stingray.reut/index.html | |||
|publisher = ] | |||
|work = ].com | |||
|date = ] | |||
|accessdate = 2006-09-04 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
In response to questions of Australia's problems with ], ], and ], Irwin responded: "Cows have been on our land for so long that Australia has evolved to handle those big animals"{{citation needed|date=November 2024}}. '']'' concluded with the opinion that his message was confusing and amounted to "eating roos and crocs is bad for tourism, and therefore more cruel than eating other animals".<ref>{{cite news|last=Robson|first=Frank|date=4 September 2006|title=Crikey, it's raw Stevo!|work=Good Weekend|url=https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/09/04/1157222053963.html?page=fullpage|url-status=live|access-date=5 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015075645/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2006/09/04/1157222053963.html?page=fullpage|archive-date=15 October 2007}}</ref> | |||
Crewmembers aboard his boat called emergency services in the nearest city of ] and administered ] as they rushed the boat to nearby Low Isle to meet a rescue helicopter. Medical staff pronounced Irwin dead when they arrived a short time later.<ref name=usatoday1>{{cite news |title=Stingray kills 'Crocodile Hunter' |url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2006-09-04-obit-irwin_x.htm?POE=NEWISVA |work=] |publisher=] |date=] |accessdate=2006-09-04 }}</ref> The barb lodged in his chest and the toxins of the barb caused Irwin to die of ].<ref>{{cite news |last=Collins |first=Glenn |title=Stingray Attack Kills Australia’s ‘Crocodile Hunter’ |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/04/world/04cnd-irwin.html?hp&ex=1157428800&en=e595418a474cbe40&ei=5094&partner=homepage |publisher=] |date=] |accessdate=2006-09-04 }}</ref> | |||
== |
==Legacy== | ||
===Posthumous movie and television appearances=== | |||
The ] notified his family and released a statement for the media concerning his death.<ref>{{cite press release | title =Australian wildlife personality Steve Irwin has died | publisher =Queensland Police Service, Media and Public Affairs Branch | date =] 2006 | url =http://www.police.qld.gov.au/News+and+Alerts/Media+Releases/2006/09/Australian+wildlife+personality+Steve+Irwin+has+died.htm | accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
Irwin provided his voice for the ] '']'', as an ] named Trev. The film was posthumously released in November 2006, and it was dedicated to Irwin, as he died during post-production two months prior.<ref>{{cite web|title=Trivia for Happy Feet (2006)|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0366548/trivia|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061214054922/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0366548/trivia|archive-date=14 December 2006|access-date=26 November 2006|publisher=]|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Another, previously incomplete scene, featuring Irwin providing the voice of an albatross and essentially playing himself, was restored to the DVD release.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010071503/http://hamptonroads.com/node/243931|date=10 October 2012}}, HamptonRoads.com, 30 March 2007.</ref> | |||
News of his death prompted a public outpouring expressing shock and loss. Several Australian news websites went down because of high web traffic<ref>{{cite news |last=Richards |first=David |url=http://www.smartofficenews.com.au/Communication/Broadband?article=/Communication/Broadband/News/T7C2P3F8 |title=Smart Office News: Steve Irwin Not The Only One To Die |date=] ] |accessdate=2006-09-04 }}</ref> and talk-back radio experienced a high volume of callers expressing their grief,<ref> | |||
{{cite news |first = Richard |last = Fidler |title = Tributes flow for Steve Irwin |url = http://www.abc.net.au/brisbane/stories/s1732538.htm |publisher = 612 ABC radio |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> commemorating his passion and exuberance. ] ], among many other politicians, expressed his "shock and distress" at the death, saying that "Australia has lost a wonderful and colourful son."<ref> | |||
{{cite news |first = |last = |title = Irwin brought joy to millions: PM |url = http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20350650-5006786,00.html |publisher =] |date =] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> Irwin's body was flown to a morgue in Cairns,<ref> | |||
{{cite news |first = |last = |title = Crocodile Hunter's Steve Irwin dies at 44 |url = http://www.speroforum.com/site/article.asp?idCategory=33&idsub=128&id=5264&t=Crocodile+Hunter's+Steve+Irwin+dies+at+44 |publisher = Spero News |date = ] |accessdate = 2006-09-04}}</ref> where stunned family and friends were gathering on Monday night. His wife Terri was informed of her husband's death while on a walking tour in the ] in ], and returned via private plane from ] to the ] with their two children.<ref name=AustNews /> | |||
In 2007, a special episode of ''The Crocodile Hunter'' was made in tribute to him; ''].'' The documentary features archive footage from ''The Crocodile Hunter''. Later that year, Bindi released the documentary '']'' in Irwin's memory. He appears in several episodes of ''Bindi the Jungle Girl'' via archive footage. Archive footage of him has also been used in the television series ''],'' which began airing in 2018. | |||
] ] commented (in an interview shown on television) that Steve Irwin was a lovely person and a great ambassador for Queensland and Australia. | |||
===Steve Irwin Day=== | |||
] showed a special tribute to Steve Irwin which premired at 6pm EST on Monday, September 4th, 2006. The president of the Discovery Network, Billy Campbell, released a statement, saying:<ref name=animal1>{{cite press release |last=Campbell |first=Billy |url=http://animal.discovery.com/fansites/crochunter/steve/statement.html?clik=netmain_feat1 |title=Discovery Communications, Inc. Mourns Tragic Loss of Steve Irwin |publisher=Discovery Communications |date=] ] |accessdate=2006-09-04 }}</ref> | |||
Steve Irwin Day is an annual event on ], honouring the life and legacy of Irwin. The date was chosen because it takes place on the birthday of one of Irwin's favourite animals, a ] from the ].<ref>{{Cite web|first=Yael|last=Meshulam|date=2020-11-16|title=Touching Tributes Poured in for The Crocodile Hunter on Steve Irwin Day|url=https://www.thedad.com/steve-irwin-day/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=The Dad|language=en-US|archive-date=15 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915085935/https://www.thedad.com/steve-irwin-day/|url-status=live}}</ref> Events that take place include people raising money for ] to help continue Irwin's conservation work,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steve Irwin Day|url=https://wildlifewarriors.org.au/get-involved/events/steve-irwin-day|website=wildlifewarriors.org.au|access-date=24 September 2021|archive-date=15 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915085941/https://wildlifewarriors.org.au/get-involved/events/steve-irwin-day|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Steve Irwin Day|url=http://www.steveirwinday.org/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=www.steveirwinday.org|language=en|archive-date=20 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920074455/http://steveirwinday.org/|url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref name="huffpo">{{Cite web|date=2016-11-14|title=Steve Irwin Day 2016: Aussies Urged To 'Wear A Touch Of Khaki'|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/11/14/steve-irwin-day-2016-aussies-urged-to-wear-a-touch-of-khaki_a_21605852/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=HuffPost|language=en|archive-date=11 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811135826/https://www.huffingtonpost.com.au/2016/11/14/steve-irwin-day-2016-aussies-urged-to-wear-a-touch-of-khaki_a_21605852/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and employees at ] wearing khaki uniforms in Irwin's memory.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Steve Irwin Day : Khaki It|url=http://www.steveirwinday.org/|access-date=2021-09-15|website=www.steveirwinday.org|language=en|archive-date=20 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920074455/http://steveirwinday.org/|url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref name="huffpo" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Steve Irwin Day|url=https://www.activityvillage.co.uk/steve-irwin-day|access-date=2021-09-15|website=Activity Village|language=en|archive-date=25 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925031534/https://www.activityvillage.co.uk/steve-irwin-day|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=It's Steve Irwin Day!|url=https://www.checkiday.com/1665ed94d46d145ae4400cd135dd5322/steve-irwin-day|access-date=2021-09-15|website=Checkiday.com|language=en|archive-date=15 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915085935/https://www.checkiday.com/1665ed94d46d145ae4400cd135dd5322/steve-irwin-day|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
{{cquote|Our entire company is deeply saddened by the tragic and sudden loss of Steve Irwin, the Crocodile Hunter. Steve was beloved by millions of fans and animal lovers around the world and was one of our planet's most passionate conservationists. He has graced our air since October 1996 and was essential in building Animal Planet into a global brand.}} | |||
===Honours=== | |||
The Animal Planet will rename the garden space in front of Discovery's world headquarters in Silver Spring, Maryland, to the "Steve Irwin Memorial Sensory Garden." They are also looking at the creation of the Steve Irwin Crocodile Hunter Fund, which they will call "The Crikey Fund" which will "allow people from across the globe to make contributions in Steve's honour to support wildlife protection, education and conservation."<ref name=animal1 /> | |||
]In 1997, while on a fishing trip on the coast of ] with his father, Irwin discovered a new species of turtle. Herpetologist ] named it ] (''])'' in honour of Steve Irwin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Elseya irwini|url=https://urannah.org/elseya-irwini-irwins-turtle/|access-date=4 September 2006|work=Australian Faunal Directory|publisher=Department of the Environment and Heritage, Commonwealth of Australia|archive-date=14 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514020416/https://urannah.org/elseya-irwini-irwins-turtle/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>]; ]; ] (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. (Irwin, p. 130).</ref> Another newly discovered Australian animal – a species of air-breathing ], '']'', was named after Irwin in 2009.<ref name="Stanisic">Stanisic J. (24 August) 2009. ''Crikey steveirwini gen. et sp. nov. from montane habitats in the Wet Tropics of northeastern Queensland, Australia (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Camaenidae)''. ] 2206: 62–68. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091127171034/http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2009/f/z02206p068f.pdf|date=27 November 2009}}</ref> | |||
Irwin was awarded the ] by the Australian government in 2001 for his 'service to global conservation and to Australian tourism'.<ref>{{cite web|date=1 January 2001|title=It's an Honour – Honours – Search Australian Honours|url=https://honours.pmc.gov.au/honours/awards/1116480|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928193402/http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1116480&search_type=quick&showInd=true|archive-date=28 September 2012|access-date=30 March 2012|publisher=Itsanhonour.gov.au}}</ref> In 2004, he was recognised as Tourism Export of the Year.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061026155339/http://www.crocodilehunter.com/crocodile_hunter/news_articles/crikey_croc_huntere_wins_top_export_gong.htm|date=26 October 2006}}, copy of ] article, originally published 10 December 2004.</ref> He was also nominated in 2004 for ] but it was awarded to Australian cricket captain ],<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112060413/http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2004/s1031478.htm|date=12 November 2012}}, ], 26 January 2004.</ref> while Irwin was named 2004 Queensland Australian of the Year.<ref>{{cite web|title=2004 QLD Australian of the Year: Steve Irwin|url=https://www.australianoftheyear.org.au/honour-roll/?view=fullView&recipientID=1643|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180514065630/https://www.australianoftheyear.org.au/honour-roll/?view=fullView&recipientID=1643|archive-date=14 May 2018|access-date=15 May 2018}}</ref> Shortly before his death, Irwin was to be named an adjunct professor at the ]'s School of Integrative Biology. On 14 November 2007, Irwin was awarded the adjunct professorship posthumously.<ref name="professor">{{cite news|date=8 November 2007|title=Croc Hunter becomes a professor|publisher=ABC News|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/11/08/2085689.htm|url-status=live|access-date=14 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111121913/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/11/08/2085689.htm|archive-date=11 January 2008|quote=The Crocodile Hunter had been named an adjunct professor at the University of Queensland shortly before his death.... 'This presentation now gives us the opportunity to publicly recognise his remarkable contribution to research and conservation.'}}</ref> In 2007, Irwin was posthumously inducted into the ].<ref>{{cite web|date=6 May 2007|title=Kate Ritchie wins gold at Logies|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/kate-ritchie-wins-gold-at-logies-20070507-gdq2w7.html|access-date=22 May 2020|work=]|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308120101/https://www.smh.com.au/national/kate-ritchie-wins-gold-at-logies-20070507-gdq2w7.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
== Trivia == | |||
* Irwin was a great fan of the ], which he considered a sister institution of the ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Singapore Sling!|work=International Crocodile Rescue|url=http://www.crocodilerescue.com/singapore.html|accessdate=16 March|accessyear=2006}}</ref> | |||
* Irwin loved ] competitions and trained with Greg Jackson in the fighting/grappling system of ]. | |||
* Irwin appeared in a 2006 ] television commercial in their ] series. In the commercial, he wrestled ], the ]'s mascot, to the ground in an ESPN studio hallway. | |||
* In 2004, during an interview with ], he admitted that after receiving many painful bites he had a fear of parrots.<ref name=King/> | |||
* Irwin was a fan of the ] in the ], Essendon being where he grew up as a child. Irwin made several appearances with players and was part of an ] promotion in Los Angeles as part of Australia week in early 2006.<ref>http://www.australia-week.com/page/AFLMatchSteveIrwinShow</ref><ref>http://essendonfc.com.au/images/02/ch5.jpg</ref> | |||
In May 2007, the government of ] announced that it would name a baby gorilla after Irwin as a tribute to his work in wildlife conservation.<ref>{{cite news|date=8 May 2007|title=Rwanda to name baby gorilla after Steve Irwin|work=ABC Online|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200705/s1916030.htm|access-date=7 May 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070509043946/http://www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200705/s1916030.htm <!--Added by H3llBot-->|archive-date=9 May 2007}}</ref> Also in 2007, the state government of ], India named the Crocodile Rehabilitation and Research Centre at ] in his honour;<ref>{{cite news|date=8 May 2007|title=Kerala crocodile park named after Irwin|publisher=NDTV|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070012165|url-status=dead|access-date=7 May 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070519072508/http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/story.aspx?id=NEWEN20070012165|archive-date=19 May 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref> however, Terri objected that this action had been taken without her permission and asked the Kerala government in 2009 to stop using Irwin's name and images<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413141850/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090228/jsp/frontpage/story_10604166.jsp|date=13 April 2009}}, ''The Telegraph'' (Calcutta, India), 28 February 2009.</ref> – a request with which the state government complied in mid-2009.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110423164126/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_kerala-govt-removes-steve-irwin-s-name-from-croc-park_1262384|date=23 April 2011}}, ''Daily News & Analysis'', 5 June 2009.</ref> | |||
== References == | |||
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Irwin, after his death, was described by Mark Townend, CEO of ] Queensland, as a 'modern-day ]'.<ref>{{cite news|last1=McIlveen|first1=Luke|author2=AAP|date=4 September 2006|title=Irwin's death was filmed|newspaper=]|location=Sydney|url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/irwins-death-was-filmed/story-e6frevq9-1111112180323|url-status=live|access-date=16 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120930133530/http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/irwins-death-was-filmed/story-e6frevq9-1111112180323|archive-date=30 September 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> British naturalist ] lauded his skills as a ] and media performer.<ref>{{cite news|last=Tait|first=Paul|date=4 September 2006|title=Australia stunned by death of "modern-day Noah"|work=Reuters|url=http://today.reuters.com/News/CrisesArticle.aspx?storyId=SP68982|url-status=dead|access-date=4 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080207070239/http://today.reuters.com/News/CrisesArticle.aspx?storyId=SP68982|archive-date=7 February 2008}}</ref> Canadian environmentalist ] paid tribute to Irwin, noting that 'umanity will not protect that which we fear or do not understand. Steve Irwin helped us understand those things that many people thought were a nuisance at best, a horror at worst. That made him a great educator and conservationist'.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Suzuki|first1=David|author-link=David Suzuki|last2=Moola|first2=Faisal|date=15 November 2006|title=Crocodile Hunter more than just a showman|url=http://www.davidsuzuki.org/blogs/science-matters/2006/11/crocodile-hunter-more-than-just-a-showman/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100503180510/http://www.davidsuzuki.org/blogs/science-matters/2006/11/crocodile-hunter-more-than-just-a-showman/|archive-date=3 May 2010|access-date=16 January 2011|publisher=]}}</ref> | |||
See http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Footnotes for a | |||
discussion of different citation methods and how to generate | |||
After his death, the vessel {{MV|Robert Hunter}} owned by the environmental action group ] was renamed {{MY|Steve Irwin}}.<ref>{{cite web|date=5 December 2007|title=Sea Shepherd Renames Its Whale Defending Ship the Steve Irwin|url=http://www.seashepherd.org/news/media_071205_1.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105103720/http://www.seashepherd.org/news/media_071205_1.html|archive-date=5 January 2008|publisher=Sea Shepherd}}</ref> Shortly before his death, Irwin had been investigating joining Sea Shepherd's 2007–2008 voyage to Antarctica to disrupt Japanese whaling activity. Following his death, the organisation suggested renaming their vessel, and this idea was endorsed by Terri.<ref>{{cite news|last=Towie|first=Narelle|date=4 December 2007|title=Sea Shepherd honours Steve Irwin|newspaper=Perth Now|url=http://www.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0,21598,22874137-948,00.html|url-status=live|access-date=18 January 2011|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120525132340/http://www.news.com.au/perthnow/story/0,21598,22874137-948,00.html|archive-date=25 May 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Regarding the ship and its new name, Terri said, 'If Steve were alive, he'd be aboard with them!'<ref>{{cite news|date=26 December 2008|title=Sea Shepherd Activists Cover Whaler with Stinky, Slimy Goo|publisher=Environment News Service|url=http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/dec2008/2008-12-26-02.html|url-status=live|access-date=18 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622014655/http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/dec2008/2008-12-26-02.html|archive-date=22 June 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | |||
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Irwin was inducted in 2009 into the ], recognised for international entrepreneurship both in business and wildlife conservation, significantly contributing to Queensland and its international reputation<ref>{{cite web|title=Steve Irwin (1962-2006)|url=http://leaders.slq.qld.gov.au/inductees/steve-irwin-1962-2006/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816105253/http://leaders.slq.qld.gov.au/inductees/steve-irwin-1962-2006/|archive-date=16 August 2017|access-date=13 September 2017|website=Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame}}</ref> and in 2015, Irwin was a posthumous recipient of the ].<ref>{{cite web|title=2015 Queensland Greats recipients|url=https://www.qld.gov.au/about/events-awards-honours/awards/qld-greats-awards/2015-recipients/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170531023302/https://www.qld.gov.au/about/events-awards-honours/awards/qld-greats-awards/2015-recipients/|archive-date=31 May 2017|access-date=31 May 2017|publisher=]}}</ref> In 2017 it was announced that Irwin would be posthumously honoured with a star on the ].<ref>{{Cite news|date=23 June 2017|title=Steve Irwin posthumously honoured with star on Hollywood Walk of Fame|language=en-AU|work=ABC News|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-06-23/steve-irwin-honoured-with-star-hollywood-walk-of-fame-in-2018/8646412|url-status=live|access-date=23 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623125415/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-06-23/steve-irwin-honoured-with-star-hollywood-walk-of-fame-in-2018/8646412|archive-date=23 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kZCPDwAAQBAJ&dq=steve+irwin+hollywood+walk+of+fame&pg=PT379 |title=''The Strong Man'' |isbn=9781760851118 |access-date=14 March 2023 |archive-date=5 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405055127/https://books.google.com/books?id=kZCPDwAAQBAJ&dq=steve+irwin+hollywood+walk+of+fame&pg=PT379 |url-status=live |last1=Edwards |first1=Grant |date=22 July 2019 |publisher=Simon and Schuster }}</ref> The star was unveiled on 26 April 2018.<ref>{{cite news|title=Steve Irwin Remembered With Star on Hollywood Walk of Fame|language=en|magazine=Time|url=https://time.com/5256956/steve-irwin-hollywood-walk-of-fame-star/|url-status=live|access-date=27 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427035336/http://time.com/5256956/steve-irwin-hollywood-walk-of-fame-star/|archive-date=27 April 2018}}</ref> On 22 February 2019, the 57th anniversary of Irwin's birth, the search engine Google released a ] commemorating him, in the form of a slideshow.<ref>{{cite web|date=22 February 2019|title=Steve Irwin's 57th Birthday February 22, 2019|url=https://doodles.google/doodle/steve-irwins-57th-birthday/|access-date=22 February 2019|website=Google|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204162045/https://www.google.com/doodles/steve-irwins-57th-birthday|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
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===Within Australia=== | |||
In the years after his death, Irwin's likeness, catchphrases, mannerisms, and contributions have made Steve Irwin synonymous with Australia among both citizens and foreigners. His likeness has been used by the government of ] to promote tourism in the state with them regarding Australia Zoo as one of the state's most iconic tourist destinations.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=2015 Queensland Greats recipients {{!}} Queensland Greats Awards |url=https://www.qld.gov.au/about/events-awards-honours/awards/qld-greats-awards/2015-recipients |access-date=2023-06-13 |website=www.qld.gov.au |language=en}}</ref> His son ] became a spokesperson for Queensland's tourism board in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Flaherty |first=Antonia |date=February 6, 2020 |title=Qld Premier calls on young wildlife warrior Robert Irwin to front state tourism campaign |url=https://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/qld-premier-calls-on-young-wildlife-warrior-robert-irwin-to-front-state-tourism-campaign/news-story/0004ce73fa732b662e4f21c313acee49 |access-date=2023-06-28 |website=]}}</ref> | |||
In 2022, following the death of ], some Australians voiced support for the nation's ] to feature Irwin instead of ], with two citizens filing separate petitions to gather support for the cause.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borg |first=Rebecca |date=2022-10-02 |title=Australians petition to feature Steve Irwin on new $5 |url=https://www.news.com.au/finance/economy/australian-economy/australians-petition-to-feature-steve-irwin-on-new-5-but-not-all-agree/news-story/84081871667f6ea7abe58ad23b274d16 |access-date=2023-06-13 |language=en-US}}</ref> When asked by the press on the matter, prime minister ] declined to take a position, offering that it wasn't the right time to discuss who would be on the currency in the immediate wake of the Queen's death.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-17 |title=Australians call for local icon to replace Queen on $5 note |url=https://7news.com.au/entertainment/royal-family/australians-lobby-for-national-icons-including-steve-irwin-evonne-goolagong-to-become-new-face-of-5-note-c-8210462 |access-date=2023-06-13 |website=7NEWS |language=en}}</ref> | |||
==Filmography== | |||
===Film=== | |||
<!-- Rowspans are only allowed for the "Year" column per WP:FILMOGRAPHY --> | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" | |||
|+ {{Screen reader-only|Steve Irwin' film credits}} | |||
|- | |||
! scope="col" | Year | |||
! scope="col" | Film | |||
! scope="col" | Character | |||
! scope="col" | Description | |||
|- | |||
| 2001 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| rowspan=3 | Himself | |||
| Cameo appearance | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" | 2002 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| Main role | |||
|- | |||
| ''] ]'' | |||
| Direct-to-video | |||
|- | |||
| 2006 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| Trev (voice) | |||
| Posthumous release; final film role (Dedicated in memory) | |||
|} | |||
===Television=== | |||
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{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" | |||
|+ {{Screen reader-only|Steve Irwin' television credits}} | |||
|- | |||
! scope="col" | Year | |||
! scope="col" | Television show | |||
! scope="col" | Character | |||
! scope="col" | Description | |||
|- | |||
| 1996–2007 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| rowspan="21" | Himself | |||
| 78 episodes | |||
|- | |||
| 1997 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| Television special | |||
|- | |||
| 1999–2001 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| 56 episodes | |||
|- | |||
| 2001 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| Television special | |||
|- | |||
| 2002–2006 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| 96 episodes | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="4" | 2002 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| Television special | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
| 1 episode | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
| rowspan=6 | Television special | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
|- | |||
| 2003 | |||
| ''Croc Hunter LIVE!'' | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="3" | 2004 | |||
| ''Croc Live'' | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" | 2005 | |||
| ''New Breed Vets with Steve Irwin'' | |||
| 6 episodes | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
| Television special | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan="2" | 2006 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| Miniseries (two episodes)<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730212258/http://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/steve-irwins-great-escapes/episodes/281010/ |date=30 July 2017}} IMDB</ref> | |||
|- | |||
| ''5 Takes: Pacific Rim'' | |||
| One episode | |||
|- | |||
| rowspan=4 | 2007 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| rowspan=4 | Television special<br />Released posthumously | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
|- | |||
| '']'' | |||
|- | |||
| 2007–2008 | |||
| '']'' | |||
| rowspan=2 | Himself (via archived footage) | |||
| rowspan=2 | Television series<br />Released posthumously | |||
|- | |||
| 2018–2022 | |||
| '']'' | |||
|} | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
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* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518005226/http://www.crocodilehunter.com.au/crocodile_hunter/about_steve_terri/ |date=18 May 2012 }} | |||
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* {{Cite news |url=http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/48051/steve-the-crocodile-hunter-irwin |title=Steve 'The Crocodile Hunter' Irwin – slideshow by ''Life'' magazine |newspaper=Life |access-date=13 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100907065831/http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/48051/steve-the-crocodile-hunter-irwin |archive-date=7 September 2010 |url-status=bot: unknown }} | |||
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* {{Cite web |url=http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/index/0,22045,5009080,00.html |title=Huge collection of features and photographs from Daily Telegraph concerning the Irwins |access-date=8 March 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206025215/http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/index/0,22045,5009080,00.html |archive-date=6 February 2007 |url-status=bot: unknown }} | |||
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Revision as of 02:01, 24 December 2024
Australian zookeeper, conservationist and television personality (1962–2006) This article is about the Australian wildlife expert and television personality. For other people with the same name, see Steve Irwin (disambiguation). For the flagship of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, see MY Steve Irwin. For the television series he hosted, see The Crocodile Hunter.
Steve Irwin | |
---|---|
Irwin in 2005 | |
Born | Stephen Robert Irwin (1962-02-22)22 February 1962 Upper Ferntree Gully, Victoria, Australia |
Died | 4 September 2006(2006-09-04) (aged 44) Batt Reef, Queensland, Australia |
Cause of death | Stingray injury to the heart |
Resting place | Australia Zoo, Beerwah, Queensland |
Occupations | |
Years active | 1991–2006 |
Spouse |
Terri Raines (m. 1992) |
Children | |
Parents |
|
Website | www |
Signature | |
Stephen Robert Irwin (22 February 1962 – 4 September 2006), known as "The Crocodile Hunter", was an Australian zookeeper, conservationist, television personality, wildlife educator, and environmentalist.
Irwin grew up around crocodiles and other types of reptiles and was educated regarding them by his father, Bob. He achieved international fame in the late 1990s from the television series The Crocodile Hunter, an internationally broadcast wildlife documentary series that he co-hosted with his wife, Terri. The couple also hosted the series Croc Files, The Crocodile Hunter Diaries, and New Breed Vets. They also co-owned and operated Australia Zoo, founded by Steve's parents in Beerwah, Queensland. They had two children, Bindi and Robert.
In late 2006, Irwin died from an injury caused by a stingray while filming an underwater documentary in the Great Barrier Reef. His death became international news and was met with expressions of shock and grief by fans, the media, governments, and non-profit organizations. Numerous parks, zoos, streets, the vessel MY Steve Irwin, the snail species Crikey steveirwini, and the asteroid 57567 Crikey have been named in his honour. The Irwin family continues to operate Australia Zoo.
Early life
Stephen Robert Irwin was born on his mother's 20th birthday to Lynette "Lyn" Hakainsson (1942–2000) and Bob Irwin in Upper Ferntree Gully, a suburb of Melbourne. His parents were both of English and Irish descent, with some Swedish on his mother's side. His great-great-grandfather Joseph Irwin from Dublin settled in Tasmania, Australia in the 1870s. He had two sisters named Joy and Mandy. He moved with his parents as a child to Queensland in 1970, where he attended Landsborough State School and Caloundra State High School. Irwin described his father as a wildlife expert interested in herpetology, while his mother Lyn was a wildlife rehabilitator. After moving to Queensland, Bob and Lyn Irwin started the small Queensland Reptile and Fauna Park, where Steve grew up around crocodiles and other reptiles.
Irwin became involved with the park in a number of ways, including taking part in daily animal feeding, as well as care and maintenance activities. On his sixth birthday, he was given a 12-foot (4 m) scrub python. He began handling crocodiles at the age of nine after his father had educated him on reptiles from an early age. Also at age nine, he wrestled his first crocodile, again under his father's supervision. He worked as a volunteer for Queensland's East Coast Crocodile Management program and captured over 100 crocodiles, some of which were relocated, while others were housed at the family park. Irwin took over the management of the park in 1991 and renamed it Australia Zoo in 1998.
Career
The Crocodile Hunter and related work
Steve and his wife Terri spent their honeymoon trapping crocodiles together. Film footage of their honeymoon, taken by John Stainton, became the first episode of The Crocodile Hunter. The series debuted on Australian TV screens in 1996 and made its way onto North American television the following year. The Crocodile Hunter became successful in the United States, the UK, and over 130 other countries, reaching 500 million people. Irwin's exuberant and enthusiastic presenting style, broad Australian accent, signature khaki shorts, and catchphrase 'Crikey!' became known internationally. Sir David Attenborough praised Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying "He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was. He was a born communicator".
American satellite and cable television channel Animal Planet ended The Crocodile Hunter with a series finale titled 'Steve's Last Adventure'. The last Crocodile Hunter documentary spanned three hours with footage of Irwin's across-the-world adventure in locations including the Himalayas, the Yangtze River, Borneo, and the Kruger National Park.
After The Crocodile Hunter, Irwin went on to star in other Animal Planet documentaries, including Croc Files, The Crocodile Hunter Diaries and New Breed Vets. Animal Planet also created the annual Croc Week marathon, which lasted a full week in the middle of June, every year from 2000 to 2007. During a January 2006 interview on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Irwin announced that Discovery Kids would be developing a show for his daughter, Bindi Sue Irwin – a plan realised after his death as the series Bindi the Jungle Girl.
Other television and film work
In 1998, Irwin continued his television career, working with director Mark Strickson to present The Ten Deadliest Snakes in the World. He appeared on several episodes of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. A 2000 FedEx commercial with Irwin lightheartedly dealt with the possibility of occupational death from snakebite and the fanciful notion that FedEx would have saved him, if only FedEx were used.
Under Irwin's leadership, the operations grew to include the zoo, the television series, the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation (later renamed Wildlife Warriors), and the International Crocodile Rescue. Improvements to the Australia Zoo include the Animal Planet Crocoseum, the rainforest aviary and Tiger Temple. Irwin mentioned that he was considering opening an Australia Zoo in Las Vegas, Nevada, and possibly at other sites around the world.
In 2001, Irwin appeared in a cameo role in the Eddie Murphy film Dr. Dolittle 2, in which an alligator warns Dolittle that he knows Irwin is going to grab him and is prepared to attack when he does, but Dolittle fails to warn Irwin in time. Irwin's only starring feature film role was in 2002's The Crocodile Hunter: Collision Course, which was released to mixed reviews. In the film, Irwin (who portrayed himself and performed numerous stunts) mistakes some CIA agents for poachers. He sets out to stop them from capturing a crocodile, which, unknown to him, has actually swallowed a tracking transmitter. The film won the Best Family Feature Film award for a comedy film at the Young Artist Awards. The film was produced on a budget of about US$12 million, and has grossed $33 million. To promote the film, Irwin was featured in an animated short produced by Animax Entertainment for Intermix.
In 2002, Irwin and his family appeared in the Wiggles video/DVD release Wiggly Safari, which was set in Australia Zoo and featured singing and dancing inspired by Australian wildlife. Irwin fronted an advertising campaign for The Ghan in 2003, a passenger train operating between Adelaide, Alice Springs, and Darwin. A Pacific National NR class locomotive was named Steve Irwin as part of the campaign.
Environmentalism
See also: Wildlife WarriorsIrwin was a passionate conservationist and believed in promoting environmentalism by sharing his excitement about the natural world rather than preaching to people. He was concerned with conservation of endangered animals and land clearing leading to loss of habitat. He considered conservation to be the most important part of his work: 'I consider myself a wildlife warrior. My mission is to save the world's endangered species'. Irwin bought 'large tracts of land' in Australia, Vanuatu, Fiji, and the United States, which he described as 'like national parks' and stressed the importance of people realising that they could each make a difference.
Irwin founded the Steve Irwin Conservation Foundation, which became an independent charity and was later renamed 'Wildlife Warriors Worldwide'. He also helped found International Crocodile Rescue, the Lyn Irwin Memorial Fund (named in memory of his mother, who died in an automobile crash in 2000), and the Iron Bark Station Wildlife Rehabilitation Facility.
Irwin urged people to take part in considerate tourism and not support illegal poaching through the purchase of items such as turtle shells or shark-fin soup.
Sir David Attenborough was an inspiration to Irwin, according to his widow. When presenting a Lifetime Achievement Award to Attenborough after Irwin's death at the British National Television Awards on 31 October 2006, Terri Irwin said, 'If there's one person who directly inspired my husband it's the person being honoured tonight.... real, true love was conservation – and the influence of tonight's recipient in preserving the natural world has been immense'. Attenborough reciprocated by praising Irwin for introducing many to the natural world, saying, 'He taught them how wonderful and exciting it was he was a born communicator'.
Sporting activities
Irwin loved mixed martial arts competitions and trained with Greg Jackson in the fighting/grappling system of Gaidojutsu.
He was an avid cricket fan. This was seen during his visit to Sri Lanka where he played cricket with some local children and said 'I love cricket' and 'It's a shame we have to go catch some snakes now'. This was seen during the Crocodile Hunter episode 'Island of the Snakes'.
Having grown up in Essendon, Irwin was a fan of the Essendon Bombers, an Australian rules football club in the Australian Football League. Irwin took part in an Australian Rules football promotion in Los Angeles as part of 'Australia Week' in early 2006. After his death, a picture of Irwin wearing a Bombers guernsey was shown by ESPN.com in their Bottom 10 ranking of the worst Division I FBS college football teams after Week 1 of the season in tribute to him.
Having lived in Queensland most of his life, Irwin was also a fan of rugby league. As a teenager, he played for the Caloundra Sharks as a second-rower, and as an adult he was known to be a passionate Brisbane Broncos fan and was involved with the club on several occasions. On one occasion after turning up to training he asked if he could tackle the largest player, Shane Webcke. Despite being thrown to the ground and looking like he'd been crushed he was jovial about the experience.
Irwin also supported rugby union, being a fan of the national team, the Wallabies. He once wore a Wallaby jersey during a demonstration at the zoo. A behind-the-scenes episode of The Crocodile Hunter showed Irwin and the crew finding a petrol station in a remote part of Namibia to watch the Wallabies defeat France in the 1999 Rugby World Cup Final.
Irwin was also a talented surfer.
Media campaigns
Irwin was involved in several media campaigns. He enthusiastically joined with the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service to promote Australia's strict quarantine requirements, with advertisements and posters featuring slogans such as, 'Quarantine Matters! Don't muck with it'. His payments for these advertising campaigns were directed into his wildlife fund.
In 2004, Irwin was appointed ambassador for The Ghan, the passenger train running from Adelaide to Alice Springs in the central Australian outback, when the line was extended all the way to Darwin on the northern coast that year. For some time he was sponsored by Toyota.
Irwin was a keen promoter for Australian tourism in general and Queensland tourism in particular. In 2002, the Australia Zoo was voted Queensland's top tourist attraction. His immense popularity in the United States meant he often promoted Australia as a tourist destination there. As a part of the United States' 'Australia Week' celebrations in January 2006, Irwin appeared at UCLA's Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California.
Search and rescue in Mexico
In November 2003, Irwin was filming a documentary on sea lions off the coast of Baja California Peninsula in Mexico when he heard via his boat's radio that two scuba divers were reported missing in the area. Irwin and his entire crew suspended operations to aid in the search. His team's divers searched with the rescue divers, and Irwin used his vessel to patrol the waters around the island where the incident occurred, as well as using his satellite communications system to call in a rescue plane. On the second day of the search, kayakers found one of the divers, Scott Jones, perched on a narrow rock ledge jutting out from the side of a cliff. Irwin and a crew member escorted him to Irwin's boat. The other lost diver, Katie Vrooman, was found dead by a search plane later the same day not far from Jones' location.
Death and funeral
Main article: Death of Steve IrwinIrwin died on 4 September 2006, after being pierced in the chest by a short-tail stingray barb while filming in the Great Barrier Reef with Philippe Cousteau Jr. The stinger penetrated his thoracic wall, causing massive trauma. He was at Batt Reef, near Port Douglas, Queensland, taking part in the production of the documentary series Ocean's Deadliest. Irwin's death is believed to be the only fatality from a stingray captured on video. His death was met with shock and grief by fans, the media, governments and non-profit organisations.
A private funeral service took place on 9 September 2006. Irwin was buried in a private ceremony at Australia Zoo later that same day. A public memorial service was held in Australia Zoo's 5,500-seat Crocoseum on 30 September 2006; this service was broadcast live and it is estimated to have been seen by over 300 million viewers.
Personal life
Marriage and family
In 1991, Irwin met Terri Raines, an American naturalist from Eugene, Oregon, who was visiting wildlife rehabilitation facilities in Australia and had decided to visit the zoo. According to the couple, it was love at first sight. Terri said at the time, 'I thought there was no one like this anywhere in the world. He sounded like an environmental Tarzan, a larger-than-life superhero guy'. They were engaged four months later and were married in Eugene on 4 June 1992. Together they had two children: a daughter, Bindi Sue Irwin (born 24 July 1998), and a son, Robert Clarence Irwin (born 1 December 2003). Bindi Sue is jointly named after two of Steve Irwin's favourite animals: Bindi, a saltwater crocodile, and Sui, a Staffordshire Bull Terrier. Robert is named after Irwin's father Bob and Terri's father Clarence.
Irwin once described his daughter Bindi as 'the reason was put on the Earth'. His wife once said, 'The only thing that could ever keep him away from the animals he loves are the people he loves even more'. Although the Irwins were happily married, they did not wear wedding rings; they believed that in their line of work, wearing jewellery could pose a hazard to them or the animals. Irwin frequently said that if he was to be remembered for anything, he hoped that it would be for being a good father.
On 11 February 2000, Irwin's mother Lyn was killed in a car accident. In an online tribute, he called her 'the most beautiful, loving, nurturing, and caring person to have ever blessed this world'.
Political views
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While Irwin was usually apolitical, he once described Liberal Prime Minister John Howard as "the greatest leader Australia has ever had" and "the greatest leader in the entire world" during Howard's visit to Australia Zoo in 2003.
Controversies
On 2 January 2004, Irwin carried his one-month-old son, Robert, in his arm while hand-feeding a chicken carcass to Murray, a 3.8-metre (12 ft 6 in) saltwater crocodile. The infant was close to the crocodile, and comparisons were made in the press to Michael Jackson dangling his son outside a German hotel window. In addition, some child welfare groups, animal rights groups, and some of Irwin's television viewers criticised his actions as irresponsible and tantamount to child abuse. Irwin apologised on the US NBC show Today. Both he and his wife publicly stated that Irwin was in complete control of the situation, as he had dealt with crocodiles since he was a small child, and based on his lifetime of experience neither he nor his son was in any danger. He also showed footage of the event shot from a different angle, demonstrating that they were much farther from the crocodile than they had appeared in the publicised clip. Terri said their child was in no more danger than one being taught to swim. No charges were filed; according to one journalist, Irwin told officials he would not repeat the action. The incident prompted the Queensland Government to change its crocodile-handling laws, banning children and untrained adults from entering crocodile enclosures.
In June 2004, allegations were made that he disturbed wildlife (namely whales, seals and penguins) while filming The Crocodile Hunter episode "Ice Breaker" in Antarctica. The matter was subsequently closed without charges being laid.
After questions arose in 2003 about Irwin being paid $175,000 worth of taxpayers' money to appear in a television advertisement and his possible political ties, Irwin told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) that he was a conservationist and did not choose sides in politics. His comments describing Australian Prime Minister John Howard as the 'greatest leader in the world' earned him scorn in the media.
In response to questions of Australia's problems with overgrazing, salinity, and erosion, Irwin responded: "Cows have been on our land for so long that Australia has evolved to handle those big animals". The Sydney Morning Herald concluded with the opinion that his message was confusing and amounted to "eating roos and crocs is bad for tourism, and therefore more cruel than eating other animals".
Legacy
Posthumous movie and television appearances
Irwin provided his voice for the animated film Happy Feet, as an elephant seal named Trev. The film was posthumously released in November 2006, and it was dedicated to Irwin, as he died during post-production two months prior. Another, previously incomplete scene, featuring Irwin providing the voice of an albatross and essentially playing himself, was restored to the DVD release.
In 2007, a special episode of The Crocodile Hunter was made in tribute to him; Crikey! What an Adventure: An Intimate Look at the Life of Steve Irwin. The documentary features archive footage from The Crocodile Hunter. Later that year, Bindi released the documentary My Daddy, the Crocodile Hunter in Irwin's memory. He appears in several episodes of Bindi the Jungle Girl via archive footage. Archive footage of him has also been used in the television series Crikey! It's the Irwins, which began airing in 2018.
Steve Irwin Day
Steve Irwin Day is an annual event on 15 November, honouring the life and legacy of Irwin. The date was chosen because it takes place on the birthday of one of Irwin's favourite animals, a tortoise from the Galápagos Islands. Events that take place include people raising money for Wildlife Warriors to help continue Irwin's conservation work, and employees at Australia Zoo wearing khaki uniforms in Irwin's memory.
Honours
In 1997, while on a fishing trip on the coast of Queensland with his father, Irwin discovered a new species of turtle. Herpetologist John Cann named it Irwin's turtle (Elseya irwini) in honour of Steve Irwin. Another newly discovered Australian animal – a species of air-breathing land snail, Crikey steveirwini, was named after Irwin in 2009.
Irwin was awarded the Centenary Medal by the Australian government in 2001 for his 'service to global conservation and to Australian tourism'. In 2004, he was recognised as Tourism Export of the Year. He was also nominated in 2004 for Australian of the Year but it was awarded to Australian cricket captain Steve Waugh, while Irwin was named 2004 Queensland Australian of the Year. Shortly before his death, Irwin was to be named an adjunct professor at the University of Queensland's School of Integrative Biology. On 14 November 2007, Irwin was awarded the adjunct professorship posthumously. In 2007, Irwin was posthumously inducted into the Logie Hall of Fame.
In May 2007, the government of Rwanda announced that it would name a baby gorilla after Irwin as a tribute to his work in wildlife conservation. Also in 2007, the state government of Kerala, India named the Crocodile Rehabilitation and Research Centre at Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary in his honour; however, Terri objected that this action had been taken without her permission and asked the Kerala government in 2009 to stop using Irwin's name and images – a request with which the state government complied in mid-2009.
Irwin, after his death, was described by Mark Townend, CEO of RSPCA Queensland, as a 'modern-day Noah'. British naturalist David Bellamy lauded his skills as a natural historian and media performer. Canadian environmentalist David Suzuki paid tribute to Irwin, noting that 'umanity will not protect that which we fear or do not understand. Steve Irwin helped us understand those things that many people thought were a nuisance at best, a horror at worst. That made him a great educator and conservationist'.
After his death, the vessel MV Robert Hunter owned by the environmental action group Sea Shepherd Conservation Society was renamed MY Steve Irwin. Shortly before his death, Irwin had been investigating joining Sea Shepherd's 2007–2008 voyage to Antarctica to disrupt Japanese whaling activity. Following his death, the organisation suggested renaming their vessel, and this idea was endorsed by Terri. Regarding the ship and its new name, Terri said, 'If Steve were alive, he'd be aboard with them!'
Irwin was inducted in 2009 into the Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame, recognised for international entrepreneurship both in business and wildlife conservation, significantly contributing to Queensland and its international reputation and in 2015, Irwin was a posthumous recipient of the Queensland Greats Awards. In 2017 it was announced that Irwin would be posthumously honoured with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The star was unveiled on 26 April 2018. On 22 February 2019, the 57th anniversary of Irwin's birth, the search engine Google released a Google Doodle commemorating him, in the form of a slideshow.
Within Australia
In the years after his death, Irwin's likeness, catchphrases, mannerisms, and contributions have made Steve Irwin synonymous with Australia among both citizens and foreigners. His likeness has been used by the government of Queensland to promote tourism in the state with them regarding Australia Zoo as one of the state's most iconic tourist destinations. His son Robert became a spokesperson for Queensland's tourism board in 2020.
In 2022, following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, some Australians voiced support for the nation's currency to feature Irwin instead of King Charles III, with two citizens filing separate petitions to gather support for the cause. When asked by the press on the matter, prime minister Anthony Albanese declined to take a position, offering that it wasn't the right time to discuss who would be on the currency in the immediate wake of the Queen's death.
Filmography
Film
Year | Film | Character | Description |
---|---|---|---|
2001 | Dr. Dolittle 2 | Himself | Cameo appearance |
2002 | The Crocodile Hunter: Collision Course | Main role | |
The Wiggles Wiggly Safari | Direct-to-video | ||
2006 | Happy Feet | Trev (voice) | Posthumous release; final film role (Dedicated in memory) |
Television
Year | Television show | Character | Description |
---|---|---|---|
1996–2007 | The Crocodile Hunter | Himself | 78 episodes |
1997 | Crocs Down Under | Television special | |
1999–2001 | Croc Files | 56 episodes | |
2001 | The Ten Deadliest Snakes in the World | Television special | |
2002–2006 | The Crocodile Hunter Diaries | 96 episodes | |
2002 | Steve Irwin's Ghosts of War | Television special | |
Mystery Hunters | 1 episode | ||
Lights! Croc! Action! | Television special | ||
Up Over Down Under | |||
2003 | Croc Hunter LIVE! | ||
2004 | Croc Live | ||
Ice Breaker | |||
Confessions of the Crocodile Hunter | |||
2005 | New Breed Vets with Steve Irwin | 6 episodes | |
Steve's Last Adventure | Television special | ||
2006 | Steve Irwin's Great Escapes | Miniseries (two episodes) | |
5 Takes: Pacific Rim | One episode | ||
2007 | Ocean's Deadliest | Television special Released posthumously | |
Crikey! What an Adventure: An Intimate Look at the Life of Steve Irwin | |||
My Daddy, the Crocodile Hunter | |||
Secrets of the Crocodile | |||
2007–2008 | Bindi, the Jungle Girl | Himself (via archived footage) | Television series Released posthumously |
2018–2022 | Crikey! It's the Irwins |
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{{cite web}}
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{{cite web}}
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External links
- Profile at Australia Zoo Archived 18 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine
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{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - Ocean Treasures Memorial Library/Steve Irwin Memorial
- "Huge collection of features and photographs from Daily Telegraph concerning the Irwins". Archived from the original on 6 February 2007. Retrieved 8 March 2007.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - Steve Irwin at IMDb
- Steve Irwin digital story and oral history: Queensland Business Leaders Hall of Fame 2009, State Library of Queensland
Steve Irwin | |
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Television | |
Film | The Crocodile Hunter: Collision Course |
Family |
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