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{{Short description|Public university in Charlottesville, Virginia, US}} | |||
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2015}} | |||
{{redirect|UVa||Uva (disambiguation){{!}}Uva}} | |||
{{coord|38.035|-78.505|region:US_type:edu|display=title}} | |||
{{use American English|date = April 2019}} | |||
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2022}} | |||
{{Infobox university | {{Infobox university | ||
| name = University of Virginia | | name = University of Virginia | ||
| image_name = University of Virginia seal.svg | | image_name = University of Virginia seal.svg | ||
| image_upright = 0. |
| image_upright = 0.7 | ||
| founder = ] | |||
| established = 1819 | |||
| established = {{start date and age|January 25, 1819}}<ref>{{cite web |title = History |url = https://bicentennial.virginia.edu/history |website = University of Virginia Bicentennial |publisher = Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia |access-date = March 3, 2020 |archive-date = March 3, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200303182031/https://bicentennial.virginia.edu/history |url-status = dead }}</ref> | |||
| type = ], ] | |||
| type = ] ] | |||
| academic_affiliations = ]<br />]<br />]<br />]<br />] | |||
| academic_affiliations = {{hlist| | |||
| endowment = $8.621 billion (2016)<ref>As of October, 2017. {{cite web |url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.vssl.io/files/Annual%20Report%202017.pdf |title=University of Virginia Investment Management Company 2016-2017 Annual Report |publisher=University of Virginia Investment Management Company |year=2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://s3.amazonaws.com/cdn.vssl.io/files/Annual%20Report%202017.pdf |archivedate=April 2, 2017 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
]|]|]|]|]|]}} | |||
| budget = $1.39 billion<ref name=facts>{{cite web|url=http://www.virginia.edu/facts |title=Facts & Figures | The University of Virginia |publisher=Virginia.edu |accessdate=2016-11-14}}</ref> | |||
| accreditation = ] | |||
| president = ] | |||
| endowment = $13.6 billion (2022)<ref>As of June 30, 2022. {{cite report |url=https://uvimco.org/annual-report/annual-report-2022/|title=Annual Report 2022 |publisher=UVIMCO |date=2022 |access-date=August 31, 2023}}</ref> | |||
| students = 22,391<ref name=facts/><!--Degree-seeking total--> | |||
| budget = $1.91 billion (2020)<ref name = "Budget">{{cite web |title = 2019–2020 University Operating Budget |url = https://financialplanning.vpfinance.virginia.edu/sites/financialplanning.virginia.edu/files/FY2020%20Final%20Operating%20Budget%20060419.pdf |website = Financial Planning and Analysis, UVA |publisher = Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia |access-date = February 25, 2020 |archive-date = February 25, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200225123229/https://financialplanning.vpfinance.virginia.edu/sites/financialplanning.virginia.edu/files/FY2020%20Final%20Operating%20Budget%20060419.pdf |url-status = dead }}</ref>{{efn|This figure refers to the Academic Division operating budget. The consolidated operating budget for the University of Virginia, including the ] and the ], totals $3.72 billion.<ref name = "Budget" />}} | |||
| undergrad = 15,891<ref name=facts/><!--Degree-seeking Undergrads--> | |||
| president = ] | |||
| postgrad = 6,500<ref name=facts/><!--Degree-seeking Grads + Professional School students--> | |||
| provost = Ian Baucom | |||
| faculty = 2,102 | |||
| students = 25,944 (Fall 2023)<ref name="Enrollment">{{cite web |title = Enrollment |url = https://ira.virginia.edu/university-data-home/enrollment |website = Institutional Research and Analytics|publisher = Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia |access-date = December 4, 2023}}</ref> | |||
| city = ] | |||
| undergrad = 17,618 (Fall 2023)<ref name="Enrollment" /> | |||
| state = ] | |||
| postgrad = 8,326 (Fall 2023)<ref name="Enrollment" /> | |||
| country = United States | |||
| faculty = 3,265 (Fall 2019)<ref name="Employee Data">{{cite web |title = Employees |url = https://ira.virginia.edu/university-stats-facts/employees |website = Institutional Research and Analytics, U.Va. |publisher = Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia |access-date = February 26, 2020 |archive-date = February 20, 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220220080940/https://ira.virginia.edu/university-stats-facts/employees |url-status = live }}</ref><br />{{Bulleted list |3,083 full-time |182 part-time}} | |||
| campus = ] (]/Suburban)<br />{{convert|1682|acre|km2}}<br />] | |||
| administrative_staff = 6,292 (Fall 2019)<ref name="Employee Data" />{{efn|The total number of administrative staff listed here represents the total number of Classified Staff and University Staff.<ref name="Employee Data" />}}<br />{{Bulleted list |6,149 full-time |143 part-time}} | |||
| colors = Orange and Blue<ref name="colors">{{cite manual |title=Colors | University of Virginia |url=https://brand.virginia.edu/brand-essentials/colors |date=October 17, 2017 |accessdate=November 14, 2017}}</ref><br />{{color box|#E57200}} {{color box|#232D4B}} | |||
| city = ] | |||
| nickname = ]<br />] | |||
| |
| state = ] | ||
| country = United States | |||
| sporting_affiliations = ] – ] | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|38|02|08|N|78|30|12|W|region:US_type:edu|display=inline,title}} | |||
| website = {{url|www.virginia.edu}} | |||
| campus = Small suburb<ref>{{cite web |title=IPEDS Data Center: University of Virginia-Main Campus |url=https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/datacenter/institutionprofile.aspx?unitId=234076&goToReportId=6 |website=nces.ed.gov |publisher=National Center for Education Statistics |access-date=October 12, 2022 |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017041116/https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/datacenter/institutionprofile.aspx?unitId=234076&goToReportId=6 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
| logo = ] ] | |||
| campus_size = {{convert|1135|acre|ha}}<ref name = "Campus">{{cite web |url = https://www.officearchitect.virginia.edu/pdfs/PrecinctPlanWeb.%20pdf |title = Precinct Plans (2011) |website = U.Va. Office of the Architect for the University |access-date = March 4, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200305102813/https://www./ |archive-date = March 5, 2020 |url-status = dead }}</ref> | |||
| embedded = {{designation list | embed=yes | |||
| free_label = Other campuses<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.schev.edu/students/applying-for-college/colleges-universities|title=Virginia Public Colleges and their Other Locations|access-date=September 1, 2022|archive-date=September 1, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901232136/https://www.schev.edu/students/applying-for-college/colleges-universities|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
| free = {{hlist|]|]|]|]|]|]|]|]}} | |||
| free_label2 = Newspaper | |||
| free2 = '']'' | |||
| colors = Orange and blue<ref name= "colors">{{cite book |title = Colors | University of Virginia |url = https://brand.virginia.edu/brand-essentials/colors |date = October 17, 2017 |access-date = November 14, 2017 |archive-date = June 22, 2022 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220622182621/https://brand.virginia.edu/brand-essentials/colors |url-status = live }}</ref><br>{{color box|#E57200}} {{color box|#232D4B}} | |||
| nickname = {{hlist|]|]}} | |||
| mascot = ] | |||
| sporting_affiliations = ] – ] | |||
| website = {{Official URL}} | |||
| embedded = {{designation list | embed = yes | |||
| designation1 = WHS | | designation1 = WHS | ||
| designation1_offname = ] and the '''University of Virginia''' in Charlottesville | | designation1_offname = ] and the '''University of Virginia''' in Charlottesville | ||
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| designation1_criteria = i, iv, vi | | designation1_criteria = i, iv, vi | ||
| designation1_date = 1987 <small>(11th ])</small> | | designation1_date = 1987 <small>(11th ])</small> | ||
| designation1_number = | | designation1_number = | ||
| designation1_free1name = Region | | designation1_free1name = Region | ||
| designation1_free1value = ] | | designation1_free1value = ] | ||
| designation2 = NRHP | |||
| designation2_offname = University Of Virginia Historic District | |||
| designation2_date = 1971-11-11 | |||
| designation2_number = | |||
}} | }} | ||
| logo = ] ] | |||
}} | }} | ||
The '''University of Virginia''' ('''U.Va.''' or '''UVA'''), frequently referred to simply as '''Virginia''', is a public research university and the ] for the Commonwealth of Virginia. Founded in 1819 by ] author ], UVA is known for ], ] ], and ]. | |||
The '''University of Virginia''' ('''UVA''') is a ] ] in ], United States. It was founded in 1819 by ] and contains his ], a ]. The original governing Board of Visitors included three ]: Jefferson, ], and ], the latter as sitting president of the United States at the time of its foundation. As its first two ], Presidents Jefferson and Madison played key roles in the university's foundation, with Jefferson designing both the ] of study and the university's ]. Located within its historic 1,135-acre central campus, the university is composed of eight undergraduate and three professional schools: the ], the ], and the ].<ref name="Depts"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303013053/http://www.virginia.edu/depts.html|date=March 3, 2016}}, accessed February 21, 2016</ref> | |||
The University of Virginia's scholars have played a major role in the development of many academic disciplines, including economics,{{efn|See, for example: the ].}} law,{{efn|See, for example: ]'s influential ] interpretation theory of the ].}} literary art,{{efn|See, for example: ], considered the father of ] literature.}} visual art,{{efn|See, for example: ], considered the "Mother of ]."}} and the sciences.<ref name="Science2015" /> ] is among the most ] of public universities in the United States,<ref name=MostSelectivePublics>Josh Moody. "". '']'', September 19, 2019. Accessed March 23, 2024.</ref> its endowment is among the largest,<ref name=LargestEndowments>Sarah Wood. "". '']'', October 2, 2023. Accessed March 23, 2024.</ref> and the university is known in part for ], ] ], and ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Moll, Richard. |title=The public ivys : a guide to America's best public undergraduate colleges and universities |date=1986 |publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=0-14-009384-2 |location=New York, NY |oclc=13327335}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Tuition and Fees at Flagship Universities over Time – Trends in Higher Education – The College Board |url=http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/2014-15-tuition-fees-flagship-universities-time |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019085556/http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/2014-15-tuition-fees-flagship-universities-time |archive-date=October 19, 2015 |access-date=February 1, 2016 |website=Trends.collegeboard.org}}</ref><ref name="WHS">{{cite web |title=Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/442 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204100416/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/442 |archive-date=February 4, 2020 |access-date=March 3, 2020 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre}}</ref> The university has been a member of the ] for {{age|1904-01-01}} years. | |||
UVA is the first elected member of the research-driven ] within the ], since 1904, and remains the only AAU member in Virginia. The university is classified as a ''Research University with Very High Research'' by the ], and is considered Virginia's flagship university by the ].<ref name="WPpriv" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/2014-15-tuition-fees-flagship-universities-time |title=Tuition and Fees at Flagship Universities over Time - Trends in Higher Education - The College Board |publisher=Trends.collegeboard.org |date= |accessdate=2016-02-01 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019085556/http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/2014-15-tuition-fees-flagship-universities-time |archivedate=October 19, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsf.gov/nsb/publications/2012/nsb1245.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-03-24 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206045641/http://nsf.gov/nsb/publications/2012/nsb1245.pdf |archivedate=February 6, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Its recent research efforts have been recognized by such scientific media as the journal '']'', which named UVA faculty as discovering two of its top ten global scientific breakthroughs for 2015.<ref name=Science2015/> UVA faculty and alumni have also founded a large number of companies, such as ], that produce more than $1.6 trillion in annual revenue, equivalent to the ] in the world.<ref name="alumni-study" /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnltransfer.asp?fID=2 | title=GDP and its breakdown at current prices in US Dollars | publisher=] | date=December 2015}}</ref> | |||
In athletic competition, the university teams are called the ] and lead the ] in team ] for men's sports, also ranking second in women's and overall titles. In 2015, and again in 2019, the University of Virginia was presented with the ] for fielding the nation's best overall athletics programs for men's sports.<ref name="richmond.com"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419123708/https://richmond.com/sports/college/schools/university-virginia/article_679c22b1-24ff-5350-a719-8c8da094ac20.html|date=April 19, 2021}}, retrieved June 16, 2015</ref><ref name="19Cup"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711185736/https://www.dailyprogress.com/sports/cavalierinsider/uva-men-win-capital-one-cup/article_21c8f878-8f78-5b1e-9bec-b92ffb4d8256.html|date=July 11, 2019}}, accessed July 11, 2019</ref> | |||
UVA's academic strength is broad, with 121 majors across the eight undergraduate and three professional schools.<ref name=Depts> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303013053/http://www.virginia.edu/depts.html |date=March 3, 2016 }}, accessed February 21, 2016</ref> Students come to attend the university in ] from all 50 ] and 148 countries.<ref name="UVAGlobal">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/story/global |title=Global The University of Virginia |accessdate=April 23, 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423154955/http://www.virginia.edu/story/global |archivedate=April 23, 2017 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref name="UVAFinances"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018074952/http://www.virginia.edu/finance101/answers.html |date=October 18, 2014 }}, retrieved August 31, 2014</ref><ref name="CavAdmissionsHandbook" /> The historic {{convert|1682|acres|sqmi ha|1|sing=on}} campus is internationally protected by ] and has been ranked as one of the most beautiful collegiate grounds in the country.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602011726/http://dcinno.streetwise.co/2014/09/11/most-beautiful-colleges-in-america-best-college-reviews-ranking/|date=June 2, 2016}}, accessed May 5, 2016</ref> UVA additionally maintains 2,913 acres southeast of the city, at Morven Farm.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uvafoundation.com/morven/history-gardens |title=Morven--History & Gardens |publisher=University of Virginia Foundation |accessdate=June 10, 2016 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606003456/http://www.uvafoundation.com/morven/history-gardens |archivedate=June 6, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> The university also manages the ] in ], and until 1972 operated ] and the ] in ]. | |||
The university's alumni, faculty, and researchers have included several U.S. presidents, ], ], ] winners, ], and ]. Thirty governors of U.S. states have attended the university, as have numerous U.S. senators and members of Congress. UVA has produced 56 ], the most of any ] university in the United States,{{efn|The University of Virginia has also produced the most Rhodes Scholars among all universities in the ], a category which includes ] and/or ].}} while its students and alumni have founded companies such as ], ], ], and ]. | |||
Virginia ]s compete in 27 collegiate sports and the ] lead the ] in men's team ] with 18, additionally placing second in women's national titles with seven. UVA was awarded the men's ] ] after fielding the top overall men's athletics program in the nation.<ref name="richmond.com">, retrieved June 16, 2015</ref> | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
{{Main |
{{Main|History of the University of Virginia}} | ||
===1800s=== | ===1800s=== | ||
] |
], the university's founder, by ] (1791)]] | ||
<!--Paragraph #1: Topic: Background, planning, context--> | |||
In 1802, while serving as |
<!--Paragraph #1: Topic: Background, planning, context-->], as pictured from the South Lawn|left]]In 1802, while serving as president of the United States, ] wrote to artist ] that his concept of the new university would be "on the most extensive and liberal scale that our circumstances would call for and our faculties meet," and it might even attract talented students from "other states to come, and drink of the cup of knowledge."<ref name="Peale">Alf J. Mapp, Jr., ''Thomas Jefferson: Passionate Pilgrim'', p. 19.</ref> Virginia was already home to the ] in Williamsburg, but Jefferson lost all confidence in his ''alma mater,'' partly because of its religious nature—it required all its students to recite a ]—and its stifling of the sciences.<ref name="yalereview1878">''New Englander and Yale Review'', Volume 37, W. L. Kingsley, "Ought the State provide for Higher Education?", 1878, page 378.</ref><ref name="russell">Phillips Russell, ''Jefferson, Champion of the Free Mind'', p. 335.</ref> Jefferson had flourished under William & Mary professors ] and ] decades earlier, but the college was in a period of great decline and his concern became so dire by 1800 that he expressed to British chemist ], "we have in that State, a college just well enough endowed to draw out the miserable existence to which a miserable constitution has doomed it." These words would ring true some seventy years later when William & Mary fell bankrupt after the ] and the Williamsburg college was shuttered completely in 1881, later being revived as primarily a small college for teachers until it regained university status later in the twentieth century.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905235712/https://digitalarchive.wm.edu/handle/10288/17228 |date=September 5, 2014 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> Jefferson envisioned his new university would "be based on the illimitable freedom of the human mind. For here we are not afraid to follow truth wherever it may lead, nor to tolerate any error so long as reason is left free to combat it."<ref name="Reason">], ''Jefferson and His Time: The Sage of Monticello'', p. 417-418.</ref> | ||
<!--Paragraph #2: Formal founding and construction--> | <!--Paragraph #2: Formal founding and construction--> | ||
In 1817, three |
In 1817, three presidents (Jefferson, ], and ]) and ] ] joined 24 other dignitaries at a meeting held in the Mountain Top Tavern at ]. After some deliberation, they selected nearby Charlottesville as the site of the new University of Virginia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.snp.guide/p/turk-mountain-overlook-to-rockfish-gap.html |title="Guide to SNP" – Turk Mountain Overlook to Rockfish Gap |website=snp.guide |access-date=June 19, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603010939/http://www.guidetosnp.com/web/LogoftheDrive/logs6.aspx |archive-date=June 3, 2010 }}</ref> The UVA Board of Visitors purchased just outside ] a farm that had once been owned by ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/highland/ashlawn2.html |title= An Account of James Monroe's Land Holdings|access-date=December 1, 2023}} Research conducted for the Ash Lawn-Highland Museum and the Institute for Public History of the University of Virginia in 1998: in 1788-9 George Nicholas had sold the land to James Monroe (without a recorded deed); in 1810 Monroe's attorney sold it to George Divers to pay Monroe's creditors; in 1810 it was resold to John Nicholas; in 1814 resold again to John Perry; and in 1820 the Proctor of the University bought the land from its then-owner John Perry for the University.</ref> The Commonwealth of Virginia chartered a new flagship university to be based on the site in Charlottesville on January 25, 1819. | ||
] collaborated with ], Monroe, and Joseph Carrington Cabell to fulfill Jefferson's dream to establish the university. Cocke and Jefferson were appointed to the building committee to supervise the construction.<ref>{{cite book |last=Dabney |first=Virginius |author-link=Virginius Dabney |url=http://repo.lib.virginia.edu:18080/fedora/get/uva-lib:179274/uva-lib-bdef:100/getFullView |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120715002828/http://repo.lib.virginia.edu:18080/fedora/get/uva-lib:179274/uva-lib-bdef:100/getFullView |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 15, 2012 |title=Mr. Jefferson's University: A History |location=] |publisher=] |year=1981 |isbn=0-8139-0904-X |page=3 }}</ref> The UVA Office of Equal Opportunity and Civil Rights is continuing to "seek opportunities to engage and acknowledge with respect that we live, learn, and work on the territory of the ]."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://eocr.virginia.edu/monacan |title=Indigenous/UVA Relating |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=eocr.virginia.edu |date=November 2019 |publisher= |access-date= |quote='acknowledge with respect that we live, learn, and work on the traditional territory of the Monacan Indian Nation.' |archive-date=September 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926201759/https://eocr.virginia.edu/monacan |url-status=live }}</ref> Like many of its peers,<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009061334/http://www.cnn.com/2011/US/05/23/university.slavery/index.html |date=October 9, 2018 }}, accessed October 8, 2018</ref> the university owned slaves who helped build the campus.<ref name="apmreportsshackledlegacy">{{cite news |last1=Smith |first1=Stephen |title=Shackled Legacy: History shows slavery helped build many U.S. colleges and universities |url=https://www.apmreports.org/story/2017/09/04/shackled-legacy |access-date=June 9, 2018 |work=American Public Media |date=September 4, 2017 |quote=The university bought a number slaves to work with free black and white laborers. Slaves did all facets of the work, leveling the ground, planing the timber, quarrying the stone and firing the bricks. ... More than 100 slaves worked on campus at a given time, serving more than 600 students and faculty, records show. |archive-date=June 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615195420/https://www.apmreports.org/story/2017/09/04/shackled-legacy |url-status=live }}</ref> They also served students and professors.<ref name="apmreportsshackledlegacy" /> The university's first classes met on March 7, 1825.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bruce |first=Philip Alexander |title=History of the University of Virginia, vol. II |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924092701618 |place=New York City |publisher=Macmillan |year=1920 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316094745/https://archive.org/details/cu31924092701618 |archive-date=March 16, 2016 }}</ref> | |||
In contrast to other universities of the day, at which one could study in either medicine, law, or divinity, the first students at the University of Virginia could study in one or several of ''eight'' independent schools – medicine, law, mathematics, chemistry, ancient languages, modern languages, natural philosophy, and moral philosophy.<ref>''Popular Science'', July 1905, "The Progress of Science"</ref> Another innovation of the new university was that higher education would be separated from religious doctrine. UVA had no divinity school, was established independently of any religious sect, and ] were planned and centered upon a library, ], rather than a church, distinguishing it from peer universities still primarily functioning as seminaries for one particular strain of Protestantism or another.<ref name="sem">], ''American Sphinx'', p. 283.</ref> Jefferson opined to philosopher ] that "a professorship of theology should have no place in our institution", and never has there been one. There were initially two degrees awarded by the university: ''Graduate,'' to a student who had completed the courses of one school; and ''Doctor'' to a graduate in more than one school who had shown research prowess.<ref name="1911EB">{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Virginia, University of |volume=28 |pages=125–126}}</ref> | |||
In contrast to other universities of the day, at which one could study in either medicine, law, or divinity, the first students at the University of Virginia could study in one or several of eight independent schools – medicine, law, mathematics, chemistry, ancient languages, modern languages, natural philosophy, and moral philosophy.<ref>''Popular Science'', July 1905, "The Progress of Science"</ref> Another innovation of the new university was that higher education would be separated from religious doctrine. UVA had no divinity school, was established independently of any religious sect, and ] were planned and centered upon a library, ], rather than a church, distinguishing it from peer universities still primarily functioning as seminaries for one particular strain of Protestantism or another.<ref name="sem">], ''American Sphinx'', p. 283.</ref> Jefferson opined to philosopher ] that "a professorship of theology should have no place in our institution",<ref>“Thomas Jefferson to Thomas Cooper, 7 October 1814,” Founders Online, ], https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-08-02-0007. ], 2011, pp. 12–13.]</ref> and never has there been one. There were initially two degrees awarded by the university: ''Graduate,'' to a student who had completed the courses of one school; and ''Doctor'' to a graduate in more than one school who had shown research prowess.<ref name="1911EB">{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Virginia, University of |volume=28 |pages=125–126}}</ref> | |||
] was the 2nd rector of the University of Virginia until 1836]] | |||
Jefferson was intimately involved in the university to the end, hosting Sunday dinners at his ] home for faculty and students until his death. So taken with the import of what he viewed the university's foundations and potential to be, and counting it amongst his greatest accomplishments, Jefferson insisted his grave mention only his status as author of the ] and ], and father of the University of Virginia. Thus, he eschewed mention of his national accomplishments, such as the ] and any other aspects of his presidency, in favor of his role with the young university. | |||
] was the second rector of the University of Virginia until 1836.]] | |||
Initially, some of the students arriving at the University matched the then-common picture of college students; wealthy, spoiled aristocrats with a sense of privilege which often led to brawling, or worse. This was a source of frustration for Jefferson, who assembled the students during the school's first year, on October 3, 1825, to criticize such behavior; but was too overcome to speak. He later spoke of this moment as "the most painful event" of his life.<ref name="bb">" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229101436/http://uvamagazine.org/articles/bad_boys |date=December 29, 2016 }}", ''Virginia'', Carlos Santos</ref> | |||
Jefferson was intimately involved in the university to the end, hosting Sunday dinners at his ] home for faculty and students. Jefferson viewed the university's foundation as having such great importance and potential that he counted it among his greatest accomplishments and insisted his grave mention only his status as author of the ] and ], and father of the University of Virginia. Thus, he eschewed mention of his national accomplishments, such as the ] and any other aspects of his presidency, in favor of his role with the young university. | |||
Although the frequency of such irresponsible behavior dropped after Jefferson's expression of concern, it did not die away completely. Like many universities and colleges, it experienced periodic ], culminating in the shooting death of Professor ], Chairman of the Faculty, in 1840. This event, in conjunction with the growing popularity of temperance and a rise in religious affiliation in society in general, seems to have resulted in a permanent change in student attitudes, and the streak of seriously antisocial behavior among students which had so bothered Jefferson finally vanished.<ref name="bb"/> | |||
Initially, some of the students arriving at the university matched the then-common picture of college students: wealthy, spoiled aristocrats with a sense of privilege which often led to brawling, or worse. This was a source of frustration for Jefferson, who assembled the students during the school's first year, on October 3, 1825, to criticize such behavior; but was too overcome to speak. He later spoke of this moment as "the most painful event" of his life.<ref name="bb">" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161229101436/http://uvamagazine.org/articles/bad_boys |date=December 29, 2016 }}", ''Virginia'', Carlos Santos</ref> | |||
In the year of Jefferson's death, poet ] enrolled at the university, where he excelled in Latin.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www2.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/rotunda/prefire/poe.html|title=Edgar Allan Poe at the university|work=|publisher=University of Virginia Library|accessdate=September 18, 2012|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415235308/http://www2.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/rotunda/prefire/poe.html|archivedate=April 15, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The ], an organization named after Poe's most famous poem, continues to maintain 13 West Range, the room Poe inhabited during the single semester he attended the university.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/28/edgar-allan-poes-universi_n_854897.html|title=Edgar Allan Poe's University of Virginia Room to Undergo Renovation|author=Sampson, Zinie Chan|date=April 28, 2011|work=|publisher=Huffington Post|accessdate=September 18, 2012|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703064520/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/04/28/edgar-allan-poes-universi_n_854897.html|archivedate=July 3, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> He left because of financial difficulties. The ] opened in 1836, making UVA the first comprehensive university to open an engineering school. | |||
Although the frequency of such irresponsible behavior dropped after Jefferson's expression of concern, it did not die away completely. Like many universities and colleges, it experienced periodic ], culminating in the shooting death of Professor ], Chairman of the Faculty, in 1840. This event, in conjunction with ] and the growing popularity of temperance and a rise in religious affiliation in society in general, seems to have resulted in a permanent change in student attitudes toward reporting the bad behavior, and thus such behavior among students that had so greatly bothered Jefferson finally vanished.<ref name="bb"/> | |||
Unlike the vast majority of peer colleges in the South, the university was kept open throughout the ], an especially remarkable feat with its state seeing more bloodshed than any other and the near 100% ] of the entire ].<ref name="CivilWarTrust"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113041950/http://www.civilwar.org/education/civil-war-casualties.html |date=2013-01-13 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> After ]'s total loss at the ], Charlottesville was willingly surrendered to Union forces to avoid mass bloodshed and UVA faculty convinced ] to preserve Jefferson's university.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906043011/http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Charlottesville_During_the_Civil_War |date=September 6, 2014 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> Though ] camped on the Lawn and damaged many of the Pavilions, Custer's men left four days later without bloodshed and the university was able to return to its educational mission. However, an extremely high number of officers of both Confederacy and Union were alumni.<ref name="1913alumninews">''University of Virginia Alumni News'', Volume II, Issue 7, page 74, December 10, 1913. Accessed September 5, 2014</ref> UVA produced 1,481 officers in the ] alone, including four major-generals, twenty-one brigadier-generals, and sixty-seven colonels from ten different states.<ref name="1913alumninews" /> ], the infamous "Gray Ghost" and commander of the lightning-fast ] ranger unit, had also been a UVA student. | |||
In the year of Jefferson's death in 1826, poet ] enrolled at the university, where he excelled in Latin.<ref>" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224183900/https://explore.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/show/rotunda/prefire/early/poe |date=February 24, 2021 }}," ''University of Virginia Library.'' 2018. Accessed May 19, 2018.</ref> The ], an organization named after Poe's most famous poem, continues to maintain 13 West Range, the room Poe inhabited during the single semester he attended the university.<ref>" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924123705/https://aig.alumni.virginia.edu/raven/history-raven-society/ |date=September 24, 2020 }}," ''The Raven Society,'' 2018. Accessed May 19, 2018.</ref> He left because of financial difficulties. The ] opened in 1836, making UVA the first comprehensive university to open an engineering school. | |||
Unlike the majority of Southern colleges, the university was kept open throughout the ], despite its state seeing more bloodshed than any other and the near 100% ] of the ].<ref name="CivilWarTrust"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113041950/http://www.civilwar.org/education/civil-war-casualties.html |date=January 13, 2013 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> After ]'s total loss at the ], Charlottesville was willingly surrendered to Union forces to avoid mass bloodshed, and UVA faculty convinced ] to preserve Jefferson's university.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906043011/http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Charlottesville_During_the_Civil_War |date=September 6, 2014 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> Although ] camped on the Lawn and damaged many of the Pavilions, Custer's men left four days later without bloodshed and the university was able to return to its educational mission. However, an extremely high number of officers of both Confederacy and Union were alumni.<ref name="1913alumninews">''University of Virginia Alumni News'', Volume II, Issue 7, page 74, December 10, 1913. Accessed September 5, 2014</ref> UVA produced 1,481 officers in the ] alone, including four major-generals, twenty-one brigadier-generals, and sixty-seven colonels from ten different states.<ref name="1913alumninews" /> ], the infamous "Gray Ghost" and commander of the lightning-fast ] ranger unit, had also been a UVA student. | |||
{{AmCyc Poster|Virginia, University of|UVA's 16 schools in operation as of 1879}} | {{AmCyc Poster|Virginia, University of|UVA's 16 schools in operation as of 1879}} | ||
Thanks to a grant from the Commonwealth of Virginia, tuition became free for all Virginians in 1875.<ref name="AmCyc">See wikisource link to the right</ref> During this period the University of Virginia remained unique in that it had no president and mandated no ] from its students, who often studied in and took degrees from more than one school.<ref name="AmCyc" /> However, the university was also experiencing growing pains. As the original ] caught fire and ] in 1895, there would soon be sweeping |
Thanks to a grant from the Commonwealth of Virginia, tuition became free for all Virginians in the year 1875.<ref name="AmCyc">See wikisource link to the right</ref> During this period, the University of Virginia remained unique in that it had no president and mandated no ] from its students, who often studied in and took degrees from more than one school.<ref name="AmCyc" /> However, the university was also experiencing growing pains. As the original ] caught fire and ] in 1895, there would soon be sweeping changes, much greater than merely reconstructing the Rotunda in 1899. | ||
===1900s=== | ===1900s=== | ||
<!--topic:President--> | <!--topic:President--> | ||
] was UVA's first president between 1904 and 1931 |
] was UVA's first president between 1904 and 1931 and instituted many reforms toward modernization.]] | ||
{{Wikisource|1=Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_67/July_1905/The_Progress_of_Science|2=July 1905 ''Popular Science'' article about UVA taking a President}} | {{Wikisource|1=Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_67/July_1905/The_Progress_of_Science|2=July 1905 ''Popular Science'' article about UVA taking a President}} | ||
Jefferson had originally decided |
Jefferson had originally decided the University of Virginia would have no serving president. Rather, this power was to be shared by a rector and the ]. But as the 19th century waned, it became obvious this cumbersome arrangement was incapable of adequately handling the many administrative and fundraising tasks of the growing university.<ref name="EVAlderman">Encyclopedia Virginia {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111228003042/http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Alderman_Edwin_Anderson_1861-1931 |date=December 28, 2011 }} "By the turn of the 20th century the administrative affairs had grown to such an extent that the old form of government became too cumbersome. The appointment of Alderman brought a new era of progressivism to the university and service to Virginia." Retrieved January 25, 2012</ref> ], who had only recently moved from his post as president of ] since 1896 to become president of ] in 1900, accepted an offer as president of the University of Virginia in 1904. His appointment was not without controversy, and national media such as '']'' lamented the end of one of the things that made UVA unique among universities.<ref>''Popular Science'', July 1905 Volume 67, "The Progress of Science"</ref> | ||
Alderman |
Alderman stayed 27 years, and became known as a prolific fund-raiser, a well-known orator, and a close adviser to U.S. president and UVA alumnus ].<ref name="EVAlderman" /> He added significantly to the University Hospital to support new sickbeds and public health research, and helped create departments of geology and forestry, the ] (originally the Curry School of Education), the ], and the summer school programs in which young ] took part.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bruce |first=Philip Alexander |author-link=Philip Alexander Bruce |page=61 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i68VAAAAIAAJ&q=edwin+alderman+philip+bruce&pg=PA45 |title=The History of the University of Virginia: The Lengthening Shadow of One Man |year=1921 |volume=V |location=New York |publisher=] |access-date=October 15, 2020 |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017041108/https://books.google.com/books?id=i68VAAAAIAAJ&q=edwin+alderman+philip+bruce&pg=PA45 |url-status=live }}</ref> Perhaps his greatest ambition was the funding and construction of a library on a scale of millions of books, much larger than the Rotunda could bear. Delayed by the ], Alderman Library was named in his honor in 1938. Alderman, who seven years earlier had died in office en route to giving a public speech at the ], is still the longest-tenured president of the university. | ||
In 1904, |
In 1904, UVA became the first university south of Washington, D.C. to be elected to the ]. After a gift by ] in 1909 the University of Virginia was organized into twenty-six departments across six schools including the ], the ], the ] School of International Law, the ] School of Political Economy, the ] School of English and the ].<ref name="1911EB" /> The honorific historical names for these schools – several of which have remained as modern ] – are no longer used. | ||
In December 1953, the University of Virginia joined the ] for athletics. At the time, UVA had a football program that had just broken through to be nationally ranked in 1950, 1951, and 1952, and consistently beat its rivals North Carolina and Virginia Tech by scores such as 34–7 and 44–0. Other sports were very competitive as well. However, the administration of ] de-emphasized athletics, defunding the department and declining to join the ACC before being overruled by the Board of Visitors on that decision. It would take until the 1980s for the bulk of athletics programs to fully recover but approaching the year 2000 UVA was again one of the ] with NCAA national titles achieved in an array of different sports; by 2020, it had twice won the ] for overall athletics excellence in men's sports programs. | |||
<!--Topic:Integration & coeducation--> | |||
The university first admitted a few selected women to graduate studies in the late 1890s and to certain programs such as nursing and education in the 1920s and 1930s.<ref name = "Breaking and Making Tradition">{{cite web|url=http://www2.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/women/coeducation1.htmlhttp:// |title=Breaking and Making Tradition: Women at U VA|work=|publisher=University of Virginia Library |accessdate=September 14, 2012}}</ref> In 1944, ] in ], became the Women's Undergraduate Arts and Sciences Division of the University of Virginia. With this branch campus in Fredericksburg exclusively for women, UVA maintained its main campus in Charlottesville as near-exclusively for men, until a civil rights lawsuit of the 1960s forced it to commingle the sexes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.virginia.edu/woodson/projects/kenan/home.html|title=Storming the Gates of Knowledge: A Documentary History of Desegregation and Coeducation in Jefferson's Academical Village|author=Priya N. Parker|date=2004|website=|publisher=|accessdate=May 9, 2014|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054418/http://www.virginia.edu/woodson/projects/kenan/home.html|archivedate=March 4, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref> In 1970, the Charlottesville campus became fully co-educational, and in 1972 Mary Washington became an independent state university.<ref>{{dead link|date=September 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> When the first female class arrived, 450 undergraduate women entered UVA, comprising 39 percent of undergraduates, while the number of men admitted remained constant. By 1999, women made up a 52 percent majority of the total student body.<ref name = "Breaking and Making Tradition"/><ref name="enrollmentdata"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907051621/http://avillage.web.virginia.edu/iaas/instreports/studat/hist/enroll/year_by_gender.htm |date=September 7, 2014 }}, accessed September 6, 2014</ref> | |||
UVA established a ] in 1954, known today as the ]. ] and ] used to similarly exist as UVA's ]es, but those are now wholly independent universities no longer administered by the University of Virginia. | |||
The University of Virginia began the process of integration even before the 1954 '']'' decision mandated school desegregation for all grade levels, when Gregory Swanson sued to gain entrance into the university's law school in 1950.<ref name="Road to Desegregation">{{cite web|url=http://www.virginia.edu/100yearslawn/HarrisonI/Road.htmlhttp://|title=The Road to Desegregation: Jackson, NAACP, and Swanson|work=|publisher=|accessdate=September 14, 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021195347/http://www.virginia.edu/100yearslawn/HarrisonI/Road.html|archivedate=October 21, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Following his successful lawsuit, a handful of black graduate and professional students were admitted during the 1950s, though no black undergraduates were admitted until 1955, and UVA did not fully integrate until the 1960s.<ref name = "Road to Desegregation"/> | |||
The ] and nearby ] became a joint ] in 1987. Simultaneously with ] and ], they were the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth U.S. sites designated as culturally significant to the collective interests of global humanity, coming after the ] and ] three years earlier. As such, UVA possesses the only U.S. collegiate grounds to be internationally protected by the ] (UNESCO). | |||
<!-- Organization and Conference --> | |||
In December 1953, the University of Virginia joined the ] for athletics. At the time, UVA had a football program that had just broken through to be nationally ranked in 1950, 1951, and 1952, and consistently beat its rivals North Carolina and Virginia Tech by such scores as 34–7 and 44–0. Other sports were very competitive as well. However, the administration of ] de-emphasized athletics, barely allowing the school to join the nascent ACC. It would take until the 1980s for the bulk of programs to fully recover, but approaching the 2000s UVA was again one of the ] with NCAA national titles achieved in an array of different sports. | |||
==== Integration, coeducation, and student dissent ==== | |||
UVA established a ] in 1954, then called ''Clinch Valley College''. Today it is a four-year public ] called the ] and currently enrolls 2,000 students. ] and the aforementioned Mary Washington University used to exist as similar ]es, but those are now wholly self-administered. | |||
The University of Virginia first admitted a few selected women to graduate studies in the late 1890s and to certain programs such as nursing and education in the 1920s and 1930s.<ref name="Breaking and Making Tradition">{{cite web |url=http://www2.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/women/coeducation1.htmlhttp:// |title=Breaking and Making Tradition: Women at U VA |publisher=University of Virginia Library |access-date=September 14, 2012 |archive-date=October 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017041614/https://www.library.virginia.edu/exhibitions/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1944, ] in ], became the Women's Undergraduate Arts and Sciences Division of the University of Virginia. With this branch campus in Fredericksburg exclusively for women, UVA maintained its main campus in Charlottesville as near-exclusively for men, until a civil rights lawsuit in the 1960s forced it to commingle the sexes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.virginia.edu/woodson/projects/kenan/home.html|title=Storming the Gates of Knowledge: A Documentary History of Desegregation and Coeducation in Jefferson's Academical Village|author=Priya N. Parker|date=2004|access-date=May 9, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054418/http://www.virginia.edu/woodson/projects/kenan/home.html|archive-date=March 4, 2016}}</ref> In 1970, the Charlottesville campus became fully co-educational, and in 1972 Mary Washington became an independent state university.<ref>{{cite book | |||
| last = Alvey | |||
| first = Edward | |||
| title = History of Mary Washington College 1908–1972 | |||
| publisher = University of Virginia Press | |||
| year = 1974 | |||
| pages = 278, 511 | |||
| isbn = 978-0-8139-0528-0}}</ref> When the first female class arrived, 450 undergraduate women entered UVA, comprising 39 percent of undergraduates, while the number of men admitted remained constant. By 1999, women made up a 52 percent majority of the total student body.<ref name="Breaking and Making Tradition" /><ref name="enrollmentdata"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907051621/http://avillage.web.virginia.edu/iaas/instreports/studat/hist/enroll/year_by_gender.htm |date=September 7, 2014 }}, accessed September 6, 2014</ref> | |||
The university admitted its first black student when Gregory Swanson sued to gain entrance into the university's law school in 1950.<ref name="Road to Desegregation">{{cite web|url=http://www.virginia.edu/100yearslawn/HarrisonI/Road.htmlhttp://|title=The Road to Desegregation: Jackson, NAACP, and Swanson|access-date=September 14, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021195347/http://www.virginia.edu/100yearslawn/HarrisonI/Road.html|archive-date=October 21, 2012}}</ref> Following his successful lawsuit, a handful of black graduate and professional students were admitted during the 1950s, though no black undergraduates were admitted until 1955, and UVA did not fully integrate until the 1960s.<ref name = "Road to Desegregation"/> When Walter Ridley graduated with a doctorate in education, he was the first black person to graduate from UVA.<ref name="Road to Desegregation" /> UVA's Ridley Scholarship Fund is named in his honor.<ref name="Road to Desegregation" /> | |||
===2000s=== | |||
] speaks with U.S. Secretary of State ] in front of ] in 2013]] | |||
Due to a continual decline in state funding for the university, today only 6 percent of its budget comes from the Commonwealth of Virginia.<ref name="CDstate" /> A Charter initiative was signed into law by then-] ] in 2005, negotiated with the university to have greater autonomy over its own affairs in exchange for accepting this ].<ref name="Virginia restructuring">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |title=Legislation |work=Restructuring Higher Education |publisher=University of Virginia |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708232040/http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |archivedate=July 8, 2008 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref name="Virginia restructuring FAQ">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |title=Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) |work=Restructuring Higher Education |publisher=University of Virginia |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708232040/http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |archivedate=July 8, 2008 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
The fight for integration and coeducation came to the foreground particularly in the late 1960s, leading up to the ], in which students protested for higher black enrollment, equal access to UVA admission by undergraduate women, unionization of employees, and against the presence of armed university police and recruiters of government agencies such as the ] and ] on Grounds.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=May 21, 1970|title=President Shannon Met with STudent Council Tuesday Night|journal=The Sally Hemings|volume=1|issue=16|pages=1–2}}</ref> | |||
The university welcomed ] as its first female president in 2010.<ref>de Vise, Daniel, {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111204051/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/18/AR2010011803847.html |date=November 11, 2012 }} ''Washington Post'', January 19, 2010.</ref> Just two years later its first woman rector, ], engineered a forced-resignation to remove President Sullivan from office.<ref name="Anatomy of a Campus Coup">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/16/magazine/teresa-sullivan-uva-ouster.html?pagewanted=all |title=Anatomy of a Campus Coup |author=Rice, Andrew |date=September 11, 2012 |work= |publisher=New York Times |accessdate=September 17, 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917014658/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/16/magazine/teresa-sullivan-uva-ouster.html?pagewanted=all |archivedate=September 17, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>The Hook, a Charlottesville weekly, posted a series of articles detailing events as they occurred, collected at {{cite news |author=Hawes Spencer |title=The Ousting of a President |url=http://www.readthehook.com/special/ousting-president |quote= |work=] |accessdate=November 13, 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113192401/http://www.readthehook.com/special/ousting-president |archivedate=November 13, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}(2012-13)</ref> The attempted ouster elicited a faculty Senate vote of no confidence in Rector Dragas, and demands from student government for an explanation.<ref>{{cite news |author=Daily Progress Staff |title= UVa Faculty Senate issues vote of no confidence in rector, Board of Visitors|url=http://www.dailyprogress.com/news/uva-faculty-senate-issues-vote-of-no-confidence-in-rector/article_456d9a37-0930-5be6-9b95-8c47947cdcf3.html |quote= |work=] |date=June 14, 2012 |accessdate=May 22, 2013 }}</ref><ref name=StudentCouncilReaction>{{cite web|url=http://www2.timesdispatch.com/news/2012/jun/15/uva-student-council-seeks-full-explanation-ouster-ar-1990754/ |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130205004958/http://www2.timesdispatch.com/news/2012/jun/15/uva-student-council-seeks-full-explanation-ouster-ar-1990754/ |dead-url=yes |archive-date=February 5, 2013 |title=U.Va. Student Council seeks full explanation of ouster |author=Karin Kapsidelis |publisher=] |date=June 15, 2012 |accessdate=June 19, 2012 }}</ref> In the face of mounting pressure including alumni threats to cease contributions, and a mandate from then-Governor ] to resolve the issue or face removal of the entire Board of Visitors, the Board unanimously reinstated President Sullivan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alumni Pledge Thousands in Donations Following Sullivan's Reinstatement |url=http://www.newsplex.com/unsettledgrounds/headlines/160629985.html?site=full |quote= |work=Newsplex.com |date=June 28, 2012 |accessdate=May 22, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130629235131/http://www.newsplex.com/unsettledgrounds/headlines/160629985.html?site=full |archivedate=June 29, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/u-va-dean-tapped-for-interim-president-suspends-discussions-about-new-job/2012/06/22/gJQAniQ0uV_story.html|title=McDonnell tells U-Va. board to resolve leadership crisis, or he will remove members|work=Washington Post|author1=Anita Kumar|author2=Jenna Johnson|lastauthoramp=yes|date=June 22, 2012|accessdate=June 26, 2012|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623120343/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/u-va-dean-tapped-for-interim-president-suspends-discussions-about-new-job/2012/06/22/gJQAniQ0uV_story.html|archivedate=June 23, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://chronicle.com/article/U-of-Virginia-Board-Votes-to/132603/ |title=U. of Virginia Board Votes to Reinstate Sullivan |author1=Sara Hebel |author2=Jack Stripling |author3=Robin Wilson |last-author-amp=yes |publisher=] |date=June 26, 2012 |accessdate=June 26, 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628061626/http://chronicle.com/article/U-of-Virginia-Board-Votes-to/132603/ |archivedate=June 28, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In 2013 and 2014, the Board passed new bylaws that made it harder to remove a president and possible to remove a rector.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908085642/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/09/board-to-vote-on-rector-removal-clause |date=September 8, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> | |||
===21st century=== | |||
In November 2014, the university suspended fraternity and sorority functions pending investigation of ] by '']'' concerning an alleged rape story, later determined to be a "]" after the story was confirmed to be false through investigation by '']''.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601154120/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2015/11/09/phi-psi-chapter-at-u-va-files-25-million-lawsuit-against-rolling-stone/ |date=June 1, 2016 }}, accessed February 19, 2016</ref><ref name=OTM>{{cite web|title=SPECIAL: The UVA Story|url=http://www.onthemedia.org/story/special-uva-story/transcript/|publisher=]|accessdate=7 December 2014|date=6 December 2014}}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024163558/http://reason.com/blog/2016/02/10/the-lies-of-uvas-jackie-read-all-the-cat |date=October 24, 2016 }}, accessed February 19, 2016</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220142557/http://thefederalist.com/2015/11/10/uva-frat-sues-rolling-stone-for-25-million-over-fake-rape-story/ |date=February 20, 2016 }}, accessed February 19, 2016</ref> The university nonetheless instituted new rules banning "pre-mixed drinks, punches or any other common source of alcohol" such as beer kegs and requiring "sober and lucid" fraternity members to monitor parties.<ref name="The_Washington_Post_January_7_2015c">{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/new-safety-rules-announced-for-fraternities-at-u-va-a-response-to-rolling-stone-uproar/2015/01/06/5ae2188a-95e0-11e4-927a-4fa2638cd1b0_story.html?hpid=z4 |title=New safety rules announced for University of Virginia fraternity parties |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=January 7, 2015 |author=Nick Anderson |accessdate=January 7, 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402133425/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/new-safety-rules-announced-for-fraternities-at-u-va-a-response-to-rolling-stone-uproar/2015/01/06/5ae2188a-95e0-11e4-927a-4fa2638cd1b0_story.html?hpid=z4 |archivedate=April 2, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In April 2015, ''Rolling Stone'' fully retracted the article after the ] released a report of what went wrong with the article in a scathing and discrediting report.<ref name="Somaiya April">{{cite news|last1=Somaiya|first1=Ravi|title=Rolling Stone Retracts Article on Rape at University of Virginia|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/06/business/media/rolling-stone-retracts-article-on-rape-at-university-of-virginia.html?_r=0|website=www.nytimes.com|publisher=New York Times|accessdate=April 5, 2015|date=April 5, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407055843/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/06/business/media/rolling-stone-retracts-article-on-rape-at-university-of-virginia.html?_r=0|archivedate=April 7, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406000123/http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/features/a-rape-on-campus-what-went-wrong-20150405 |date=April 6, 2015 }}, accessed April 8, 2015</ref> Even before release of the Columbia University report, the ''Rolling Stone'' story was named "Error of the Year" by the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.poynter.org/news/mediawire/306801/the-year-in-media-errors-and-corrections-2014/ |title=The year in media errors and corrections 2014 |publisher=Poynter.org |accessdate=2015-03-14 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315015756/http://www.poynter.org/news/mediawire/306801/the-year-in-media-errors-and-corrections-2014/ |archivedate=March 15, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
] speaking with U.S. Secretary of State ] in front of ] in February 2013]] | |||
Due to a continual decline in state funding for the university, today only 6 percent of its budget comes from the Commonwealth of Virginia.<ref name="CDstate" /> A Charter initiative was signed into law by then-] ] in 2005, negotiated with the university to have greater autonomy over its own affairs in exchange for accepting this ].<ref name="Virginia restructuring">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |title=Legislation |work=Restructuring Higher Education |publisher=University of Virginia |access-date=May 22, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708232040/http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |archive-date=July 8, 2008 }}</ref><ref name="Virginia restructuring FAQ">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |title=Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) |work=Restructuring Higher Education |publisher=University of Virginia |access-date=May 22, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080708232040/http://www.virginia.edu/restructuring/legislation.html |archive-date=July 8, 2008 }}</ref> | |||
UVA experienced significant triumphs of both academia and athletics in 2015 as '']'' found its faculty to have discovered two of the world's top ten scientific breakthroughs that year, and the athletics department was awarded the ] for fielding the nation's top overall men's sports program.<ref name=Science2015/><ref name="richmond.com" /> In the same year, Charlottesville (largely because of UVA founders and funders) was named the No. 1 fastest growing U.S. metropolitan area for ], and UVA won the 2015 Paul Simon Award for Comprehensive Internationalization on the basis of its ].<ref name=VC /><ref name="Simon" /> | |||
The university welcomed ] as its first female president in 2010.<ref>de Vise, Daniel, {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111204051/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/01/18/AR2010011803847.html |date=November 11, 2012 }} ''Washington Post'', January 19, 2010.</ref> Just two years later its first woman rector, ], engineered a forced-resignation to remove President Sullivan from office.<ref name="Anatomy of a Campus Coup">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/16/magazine/teresa-sullivan-uva-ouster.html?pagewanted=all |title=Anatomy of a Campus Coup |author=Rice, Andrew |date=September 11, 2012 |newspaper=New York Times |access-date=September 17, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917014658/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/16/magazine/teresa-sullivan-uva-ouster.html?pagewanted=all |archive-date=September 17, 2012 }}</ref><ref>''The Hook'', a Charlottesville weekly, posted a series of articles detailing events as they occurred, collected at {{cite news |author=Hawes Spencer |title=The Ousting of a President |url=http://www.readthehook.com/special/ousting-president |work=] |access-date=November 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113192401/http://www.readthehook.com/special/ousting-president |archive-date=November 13, 2014 }}(2012–13)</ref> The attempted ouster elicited a faculty Senate vote of no confidence in Rector Dragas, and demands from student government for an explanation.<ref>{{cite news |author=Daily Progress Staff |title=UVa Faculty Senate issues vote of no confidence in rector, Board of Visitors |url=http://www.dailyprogress.com/news/uva-faculty-senate-issues-vote-of-no-confidence-in-rector/article_456d9a37-0930-5be6-9b95-8c47947cdcf3.html |work=] |date=June 14, 2012 |access-date=May 22, 2013 |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022050639/https://dailyprogress.com/news/uva-faculty-senate-issues-vote-of-no-confidence-in-rector/article_456d9a37-0930-5be6-9b95-8c47947cdcf3.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=StudentCouncilReaction>{{cite web|url=http://www2.timesdispatch.com/news/2012/jun/15/uva-student-council-seeks-full-explanation-ouster-ar-1990754/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130205004958/http://www2.timesdispatch.com/news/2012/jun/15/uva-student-council-seeks-full-explanation-ouster-ar-1990754/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 5, 2013 |title=U.Va. Student Council seeks full explanation of ouster |author=Karin Kapsidelis |publisher=] |date=June 15, 2012 |access-date=June 19, 2012 }}</ref> In the face of mounting pressure including alumni threats to cease contributions, and a mandate from then-Governor ] to resolve the issue or face removal of the entire Board of Visitors, the board unanimously reinstated President Sullivan.<ref>{{cite news |title=Alumni Pledge Thousands in Donations Following Sullivan's Reinstatement |url=http://www.newsplex.com/unsettledgrounds/headlines/160629985.html?site=full |work=Newsplex.com |date=June 28, 2012 |access-date=May 22, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130629235131/http://www.newsplex.com/unsettledgrounds/headlines/160629985.html?site=full |archive-date=June 29, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/u-va-dean-tapped-for-interim-president-suspends-discussions-about-new-job/2012/06/22/gJQAniQ0uV_story.html|title=McDonnell tells U-Va. board to resolve leadership crisis, or he will remove members|newspaper=]|author1=Anita Kumar|author2=Jenna Johnson|name-list-style=amp|date=June 22, 2012|access-date=June 26, 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623120343/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/u-va-dean-tapped-for-interim-president-suspends-discussions-about-new-job/2012/06/22/gJQAniQ0uV_story.html|archive-date=June 23, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://chronicle.com/article/U-of-Virginia-Board-Votes-to/132603/ |title=U. of Virginia Board Votes to Reinstate Sullivan |author1=Sara Hebel |author2=Jack Stripling |author3=Robin Wilson |name-list-style=amp |newspaper=] |date=June 26, 2012 |access-date=June 26, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628061626/http://chronicle.com/article/U-of-Virginia-Board-Votes-to/132603/ |archive-date=June 28, 2012 }}</ref> In 2013 and 2014, the board passed new bylaws that made it harder to remove a president and possible to remove a rector.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908085642/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/09/board-to-vote-on-rector-removal-clause |date=September 8, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> | |||
In November 2014, the university suspended fraternity and sorority functions pending investigation of ] by '']'' concerning an alleged rape story, which was later determined to be a ] after the story was confirmed to be false through investigation by '']''.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601154120/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/grade-point/wp/2015/11/09/phi-psi-chapter-at-u-va-files-25-million-lawsuit-against-rolling-stone/ |date=June 1, 2016 }}, accessed February 19, 2016</ref><ref name=OTM>{{cite web|title=SPECIAL: The UVA Story|url=http://www.onthemedia.org/story/special-uva-story/transcript/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141207085956/http://www.onthemedia.org/story/special-uva-story/transcript/|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 7, 2014|publisher=]|access-date=December 7, 2014|date=December 6, 2014}}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024163558/http://reason.com/blog/2016/02/10/the-lies-of-uvas-jackie-read-all-the-cat |date=October 24, 2016 }}, accessed February 19, 2016</ref> The university nonetheless instituted new rules banning "pre-mixed drinks, punches or any other common source of alcohol" such as beer kegs and requiring "sober and lucid" fraternity members to monitor all parties.<ref name="The_Washington_Post_January_7_2015c">{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/new-safety-rules-announced-for-fraternities-at-u-va-a-response-to-rolling-stone-uproar/2015/01/06/5ae2188a-95e0-11e4-927a-4fa2638cd1b0_story.html?hpid=z4 |title=New safety rules announced for University of Virginia fraternity parties |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=January 7, 2015 |author=Nick Anderson |access-date=January 7, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402133425/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/new-safety-rules-announced-for-fraternities-at-u-va-a-response-to-rolling-stone-uproar/2015/01/06/5ae2188a-95e0-11e4-927a-4fa2638cd1b0_story.html?hpid=z4 |archive-date=April 2, 2015 }}</ref> In April 2015, ''Rolling Stone'' fully retracted the article after the ] released a scathing and discrediting report on the "anatomy of a journalistic failure" by its author.<ref name="Somaiya April">{{cite news|last1=Somaiya|first1=Ravi|title=Rolling Stone Retracts Article on Rape at University of Virginia|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/06/business/media/rolling-stone-retracts-article-on-rape-at-university-of-virginia.html?_r=0|website=]|access-date=April 5, 2015|date=April 5, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407055843/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/06/business/media/rolling-stone-retracts-article-on-rape-at-university-of-virginia.html?_r=0|archive-date=April 7, 2015}}</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406000123/http://www.rollingstone.com/culture/features/a-rape-on-campus-what-went-wrong-20150405 |date=April 6, 2015 }}, accessed April 8, 2015</ref> Even before release of the Columbia University report, the ''Rolling Stone'' story was named the "Error of the Year" by the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.poynter.org/news/mediawire/306801/the-year-in-media-errors-and-corrections-2014/ |title=The year in media errors and corrections 2014 |publisher=Poynter.org |access-date=March 14, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315015756/http://www.poynter.org/news/mediawire/306801/the-year-in-media-errors-and-corrections-2014/ |archive-date=March 15, 2015 }}</ref> The UVA chapter of ] settled a defamation suit against ''Rolling Stone'' and received $1.65 million.<ref>T. Rees Shapiro, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829075807/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/fraternity-chapter-at-u-va-to-settle-suit-against-rolling-stone-for-165-million/2017/06/13/35012b46-503d-11e7-91eb-9611861a988f_story.html |date=August 29, 2017 }}, ''Washington Post'' (June 13, 2017).</ref> | |||
In August 2017, the night before the infamous ], a group of non-student and mostly non-Virginian ] marched on the university's ] bearing torches and chanting ] and ] slogans after the city of ] decided to remove all remaining ] statues from the city including one depicting ].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/11/us/white-nationalists-rally-charlottesville-virginia.html|title=White Nationalists March on University of Virginia|last1=Spencer|first1=Hawes|date=August 11, 2017|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 6, 2019|last2=Stolberg|first2=Sheryl Gay|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=August 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812060924/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/11/us/white-nationalists-rally-charlottesville-virginia.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/white-nationalists-march-uva-torches-article-1.3404681|title=Brawls erupt as torch-wielding white supremacists march through University of Virginia campus (VIDEO)|last=Chia|first=Jessica|website=nydailynews.com|date=August 12, 2017 |access-date=April 6, 2019|archive-date=April 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406020727/https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/white-nationalists-march-uva-torches-article-1.3404681|url-status=live}}</ref> They were met by student counter-protesters near the statue of ] in front of the Rotunda, where a fight broke out. | |||
], a graduate of the ], became the university's ninth president in August 2018.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.virginia.edu/content/james-e-ryan-ninth-president-university-virginia-takes-office-today |title=James E. Ryan, Ninth President of University of Virginia, Takes Office Today |last=McCance |first=McGregor |date=August 1, 2018 |access-date=August 1, 2018 |archive-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501161047/https://news.virginia.edu/content/james-e-ryan-ninth-president-university-virginia-takes-office-today |url-status=live }}</ref> His first act upon his inauguration was to announce that in-state undergraduates from families making less than $80,000 per year would receive full scholarships covering tuition, and those from families making under $30,000 would also receive free room and board.<ref name=VAfree>{{cite web|last1=Walsh|first1=John|title=University of Virginia Tuition Will Be Free for Students Whose Families Earn Less than $80,000|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/university-of-virginia-tuition-will-be-free-for-students-whose-families-earn-less-than-80000-2018-10|website=businessinsider.com|access-date=April 28, 2019|date=October 19, 2018|archive-date=April 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429025227/https://www.businessinsider.com/university-of-virginia-tuition-will-be-free-for-students-whose-families-earn-less-than-80000-2018-10|url-status=live}}</ref> Ryan was previously dean of the ]. | |||
On the night of November 13, 2022, three students were killed and two others injured in ] on a ] that was returning to the campus from a play for a class trip in ]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2022/11/14/1136423019/uva-student-shooting-charlottesville-virginia |title=3 people are dead and the gunman is at large in a University of Virginia shooting |work=NPR |date=November 14, 2022}}</ref> All three fatalities were current members of the ] team<ref>{{cite news|first=Emily|last=Shapiro|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/university-virginia-mass-shooting-football-players-killed/story?id=93266643|title=University of Virginia mass shooting: What we know about the 3 football players killed|publisher=ABC News|date=November 14, 2022|accessdate=November 14, 2022}}</ref> and the alleged shooter was briefly a member of the team during the 2018 season.<ref>{{Cite news |title=UVA shooting suspect is in custody; three students killed were on football team, officials say |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/3-dead-2-injured-shooting-university-virginia-rcna57004 |access-date=2022-11-14 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> | |||
==Campus== | ==Campus== | ||
], as painted by ] painter ] in the early 1910s when she was a ]]] | |||
''The Grounds'', a term commonly used to refer to the UVA campus,<ref name=grounds>{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/studenttraditions.html |title=Students and Traditions |publisher=University of Virginia |date=2015 |accessdate=December 19, 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222075803/http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/studenttraditions.html |archivedate=December 22, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> is renowned for its Jeffersonian architecture and place in U.S. history as a model for college and university campuses throughout the country. | |||
The UVA campus, referred to as the Grounds,<ref name=grounds>{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/studenttraditions.html |title=Students and Traditions |publisher=University of Virginia |date=2015 |access-date=December 19, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222075803/http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/studenttraditions.html |archive-date=December 22, 2015 }}</ref> straddles the border between the city of Charlottesville and Albemarle County.<ref>UVa's main grounds lie on the border of the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County. Although maps may include this area within the city boundaries, most of it legally is in the county. Exceptions include the University Hospital, built in 1989 on land that remains part of the city. Detailed PDF maps are available at: {{cite web|url=http://www.web.virginia.edu/srem/teams/ |publisher=University of Virginia |title=Space and Real Estate Management: GIS Mapping |access-date=April 25, 2008}} See also: {{cite web|url=http://george.loper.org/trends/2001/Jul/94.html |date=July 2001 |title=Geographical Jurisdiction |work=Signs of the Times |first=George |last=Loper |access-date=April 25, 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080416073405/http://george.loper.org/trends/2001/Jul/94.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = April 16, 2008}}</ref> The university also maintains 562 acres north of the campus at ] and 2,913 acres southeast of the city at Morven Farm.<ref>{{cite web |title=UVA Research Park |url=https://www.uvafoundation.com/uva-research-park |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515031516/http://www.uvafoundation.com/uva-research-park |archive-date=May 15, 2019 |access-date=March 5, 2020 |website=University of Virginia Foundation}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Morven—History & Gardens |url=http://www.uvafoundation.com/morven/history-gardens |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606003456/http://www.uvafoundation.com/morven/history-gardens |archive-date=June 6, 2016 |access-date=June 10, 2016 |publisher=University of Virginia Foundation}}</ref><ref name="Campus" /><ref name="WHS" /> It also is in the process of building a campus in ] within ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://northern.virginia.edu/|title=UVA Northern Virginia|website=UVA Northern Virginia}}</ref> | |||
===Academical Village=== | ===Academical Village=== | ||
{{see also|The Lawn|The Rotunda (University of Virginia)|l2=The Rotunda|The Range}} | {{see also|The Lawn|The Rotunda (University of Virginia)|l2=The Rotunda|The Range (University of Virginia)|l3=The Range}} | ||
] | |||
Throughout its history, the University of Virginia has won praise for its unique ]. In January 1895, less than a year before the Great Rotunda Fire, '']'' said that the design of the University of Virginia "was incomparably the most ambitious and monumental architectural project that had or has yet been conceived in this century."<ref name="schuyler">''Architectural Record," 4 (January–March 1895), pp. 351–353</ref> In the ] issue of their ''AIA Journal'', the ] called it "the proudest achievement of American architecture in the past 200 years."<ref name="aia">''AIA Journal'', 65 (July 1976), p. 91</ref> | |||
Throughout its history, the University of Virginia has won praise for its unique ]. In January 1895, less than a year before the Great Rotunda Fire, '']'' said the design of the University of Virginia "was incomparably the most ambitious and monumental architectural project that had or has yet been conceived in this century."<ref name="schuyler">''Architectural Record'', 4 (January–March 1895), pp. 351–353</ref> In the ] issue of their ''AIA Journal'', the ] called it "the proudest achievement of American architecture in the past 200 years."<ref name="aia">''AIA Journal'', 65 (July 1976), p. 91</ref> The Academical Village, together with Jefferson's home at ], which he also designed, is a ]. The first collegiate architecture and culture World Heritage Site in the world, it was listed by UNESCO in 1987.<ref name ="WHS" /><ref>{{cite web |url = https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/stat#s4 |title = World Heritage List Statistics |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |access-date = March 3, 2020 |archive-date = May 14, 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110514002820/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/stat#s4 |url-status = live }}</ref> | |||
Jefferson's original architectural design revolves around the ''Academical Village'', and that name remains in use today to describe both the specific area of the Lawn, a grand, terraced green space surrounded by residential and academic buildings, the gardens, the Range, and the larger university surrounding it. The principal building of the design, the Rotunda, stands at the north end of the Lawn, and is the most recognizable symbol of the university. It is half the height and width of the ] in ], which was the primary inspiration for the building. The Lawn and the Rotunda were the model for many similar designs of "centralized green areas" at universities across the country. The space was designed for students and professors to live in the same area. The Rotunda, which symbolized knowledge, showed hierarchy. The south end of the lawn was left open to symbolize the view of cultivated fields to the south, as reflective of Jefferson's ideal for an agrarian-focused nation. | |||
Jefferson's original architectural design revolves around the ''Academical Village'', and that name remains in use today to describe both the specific area of the Lawn, a grand, terraced green space surrounded by residential and academic buildings, the gardens, the Range, and the larger university surrounding it. The principal building of the design, the Rotunda, stands at the north end of the Lawn, and is the most recognizable symbol of the university. It is half the height and width of the ] in Rome, which was the primary inspiration for the building. The Lawn and the Rotunda were the models for many similar designs of "centralized green areas" at universities across the country. The space was designed for students and professors to live in the same area. The Rotunda, which symbolized knowledge, showed hierarchy. The south end of the Lawn was left open to symbolize the view of cultivated fields to the south, as reflective of Jefferson's ideal for an agrarian-focused nation. | |||
Most notably designed by inspiration of the Rotunda and Lawn are the expansive green spaces headed by similar buildings built at: ] in 1892; ] in 1895; ] in 1902; ] in 1910; Peabody College of ] in 1915; ] at ] in 1916; the Grand Auditorium of ] built in 1917 in ]; the Sterling Quad of ] in 1932; and the university's own ] in 1996. | |||
Most notably designed by inspiration of the Rotunda and Lawn are the expansive green spaces headed by similar buildings built at: ] in 1892; ] in 1895; ] in 1902; ] in 1904; ] in 1910; Peabody College of ] in 1915; ] at ] in 1916; the Grand Auditorium of ] built in 1917 in Beijing, China; the Sterling Quad of ] in 1932; and the university's own ] in 1996. | |||
Flanking both sides of the Rotunda and extending down the length of the Lawn are ten Pavilions interspersed with student rooms. Each has its own classical architectural style, as well as its own walled garden separated by Jeffersonian Serpentine walls. These walls are called "serpentine" because they run a sinusoidal course, one that lends strength to the wall and allows for the wall to be only one brick thick, one of many innovations by which Jefferson attempted to combine aesthetics with utility.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/jefferson/grizzard|title=Grizzard, Frank E.''Documentary history of the construction of the buildings at the University of Virginia, 1817–1828''. University of Virginia Libraries. 1996–2002.|author=Keith Weimer|publisher=|accessdate=November 26, 2014|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927005452/http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/jefferson/grizzard/|archivedate=September 27, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> | |||
] | |||
On October 27, 1895, the Rotunda burned to a shell because of an electrical fire that started in the Rotunda Annex, a long multi-story structure built in 1853 to house additional classrooms. The electrical fire was no doubt assisted by the unfortunate help of overzealous faculty member ], who attempted to save it by throwing roughly {{convert|100|lb|kg}} of ] into the main fire in the hopes that the blast would separate the burning Annex from Jefferson's own Rotunda. His last-ditch effort ultimately failed. Perhaps ironically, one of the university's main honors student programs is named for him. University officials swiftly approached celebrity architect ] to rebuild the Rotunda. White took the charge further, disregarding Jefferson's design and redesigning the Rotunda interior—making it two floors instead of three, adding three buildings to the foot of the Lawn, and designing a president's house. He did omit rebuilding the Rotunda Annex, the remnants of which were used as fill and to create part of the modern-day Rotunda's northern-facing plaza. The classes formerly occupying the Annex were moved to the South Lawn in White's new buildings. | |||
{{Multiple image|align = right|direction = vertical|width=250 | |||
The White buildings have the effect of closing off the sweeping perspective, as originally conceived by Jefferson, down the Lawn across open countryside toward the distant mountains. The White buildings at the foot of the Lawn effectively create a huge "quadrangle", albeit one far grander than any traditional college quadrangle at the ] or ]. | |||
|image1=Winter view toward the Rotunda, the University of Virginia (under renovation, 2016).jpg|caption1=Winter view toward the Rotunda (under renovation) | |||
|image2=Lawn_UVa_south_toward_Old_Cabell_Hall_2010.jpg|caption2=Winter view toward the South Lawn | |||
}} | |||
Flanking both sides of the Rotunda and extending down the length of the Lawn are ten Pavilions interspersed with student housing rooms. Each has its own classical architectural style, as well as its own walled garden separated by Jeffersonian Serpentine walls. These walls are called "serpentine" because they run a sinusoidal course, one that lends strength to the wall and allows for the wall to be only one brick thick, one of many innovations by which Jefferson attempted to combine aesthetics with utility.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/jefferson/grizzard|title=Grizzard, Frank E.''Documentary history of the construction of the buildings at the University of Virginia, 1817–1828''. University of Virginia Libraries. 1996–2002.|author=Keith Weimer|access-date=November 26, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927005452/http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/jefferson/grizzard/|archive-date=September 27, 2012}}</ref> | |||
In concert with the ] in 1976, Stanford White's changes to the Rotunda were removed and the building was returned to Jefferson's original design. Renovated according to original sketches and historical photographs, a three-story Rotunda opened on Jefferson's birthday, April 13, 1976. ] came to visit the Rotunda in that same year for the Bicentennial, and had a well-publicized stroll of The Lawn. | |||
On October 27, 1895, the Rotunda burned to a shell because of an electrical fire that started in the Rotunda Annex, a long multi-story structure built in 1853 to house additional classrooms. The electrical fire was no doubt assisted by the help of overzealous faculty member ], who attempted to save it by throwing roughly {{convert|100|lb|kg}} of ] into the main fire in the hopes the blast would separate the burning Annex from Jefferson's own Rotunda. His last-ditch effort ultimately failed. Perhaps ironically, one of the university's main honors student programs is named for him. University officials swiftly approached celebrity architect ] to rebuild the Rotunda. White took the charge further, disregarding Jefferson's design and redesigning the Rotunda interior—making it two floors instead of three, adding three buildings to the foot of the Lawn, and designing a president's house. He did omit rebuilding the Rotunda Annex, the remnants of which were used as fill and to create part of the modern-day Rotunda's northern-facing plaza. The classes formerly occupying the Annex were moved to the South Lawn in White's new buildings.{{Citation needed |reason= sources definitely exist for this, but they are not listed here | date= August 2019 }} | |||
The university, together with Jefferson's home at ], is a ], one of only three modern man-made sites so listed in the U.S. with the ] and ]. The first collegiate World Heritage Site in the world, it was codified as such by UNESCO in 1987. The university was listed by '']'' in September 2011 as one of the most beautiful campuses in the United States and by ] as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses/18|title="America's most beautiful college campuses" ''Travel+Leisure'' (September 2011)|work=Travel + Leisure|accessdate=November 26, 2014|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206054616/http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses/18|archivedate=December 6, 2014|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lifestyle.ie.msn.com/student-special/most-beautiful-universities-666#image=4|title=Most beautiful universities|publisher=]|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120104454/http://lifestyle.ie.msn.com/student-special/most-beautiful-universities-666#image=4|archivedate=January 20, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> | |||
The White buildings have the effect of closing off the sweeping perspective, as originally conceived by Jefferson, down the Lawn across open countryside toward the distant mountains. The White buildings at the foot of the Lawn effectively create a huge "quadrangle", albeit one far grander than any traditional college quadrangle at the ] or ]. | |||
In concert with the ] in 1976, Stanford White's changes to the Rotunda were removed and the building was returned to Jefferson's original design. Renovated according to original sketches and historical photographs, a three-story Rotunda opened on Jefferson's birthday, April 13, 1976. ] came to visit the Rotunda in that same year for the Bicentennial and had a well-publicized stroll of the Lawn. The university was listed by '']'' in September 2011 as one of the most beautiful campuses in the United States and by ] as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses/18|title="America's most beautiful college campuses" ''Travel+Leisure'' (September 2011)|work=Travel + Leisure|access-date=November 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206054616/http://www.travelandleisure.com/articles/americas-most-beautiful-college-campuses/18|archive-date=December 6, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://lifestyle.ie.msn.com/student-special/most-beautiful-universities-666#image=4|title=Most beautiful universities|publisher=]|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120104454/http://lifestyle.ie.msn.com/student-special/most-beautiful-universities-666#image=4|archive-date=January 20, 2013|access-date=September 15, 2012}}</ref> | |||
===Libraries=== | ===Libraries=== | ||
] | ] | ||
The first library at the University of Virginia was the Rotunda. Rather than a chapel or other religious structure, the university was built around its own library. Thomas Jefferson was deeply engaged in selecting the materials that made up that library's original collection, and in developing the system by which it would be organized. The Rotunda served as the University Library for over a century, until Shannon Library was opened in 1937.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.library.virginia.edu/renovation/history-of-the-project/|title=History|access-date=December 29, 2019|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308141453/https://www.library.virginia.edu/renovation/history-of-the-project/|url-status=live}}</ref> Originally named Alderman Library, the Library was renamed to honor ], the University of Virginia's fourth President, in 2024. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.virginia.edu/content/ahead-grand-opening-board-renames-uvas-main-library|title=Ahead of Grand Opening, Board Renames UVA's Main Library |date=March 2024 }}</ref> | |||
The University of Virginia Library System holds 5 million volumes. Its Electronic Text Center, established in 1992, has put 70,000 books online as well as 350,000 images that go with them. These e-texts are open to anyone and, {{As of|2002|lc=on}}, were receiving 37,000 daily visits (compared to 6,000 daily visitors to the physical libraries).<ref>{{cite web|title=Electronic Center at UVa Library |work= |publisher=Digital Scholarship Services |url=http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ |doi= |accessdate=December 20, 2006 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061220160141/https://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ |archivedate=December 20, 2006 |df=mdy }}</ref> Alderman Library holds the most extensive Tibetan collection in the world, and holds ten floors of book "stacks" of varying ages and historical value. The renowned ] features one of the premier collections of American Literature in the country as well as two copies of the ] of the ]. It was in this library in 2006 that Robert Stilling, an English graduate student, discovered an unpublished ] poem from 1918.<ref name="Frost-Poem">{{cite news | url = http://www.cavalierdaily.com/news/2006/sep/29/grad-student-discovers-unpublished-frost-poem/ | last = Lim | first = Melinda | date = September 29, 2006 | title = Grad student discovers unpublished Frost poem | accessdate = December 11, 2006 | work = ] | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090114115951/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/news/2006/sep/29/grad-student-discovers-unpublished-frost-poem/ | archivedate = January 14, 2009 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> Clark Hall is the library for SEAS (the engineering school), and one of its notable features is the Mural Room, decorated by two three-panel murals by Allyn Cox, depicting the Moral Law and the Civil Law. The murals were finished and set in place in 1934.<ref>"Clark Hall Named to Virginia Landmarks Registry," UVa Today, July 10, 2008</ref> {{As of|2006}}, the university and ] were working on the digitization of selected collections from the library system.<ref name="Google">{{cite web | url = http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=1180 | title = College Dean Search and Diversity Report Main Focus of Senate Meeting | accessdate = December 11, 2006 | publisher = University of Virginia | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://archive.is/20121212101748/http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=1180 | archivedate = December 12, 2012 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
The University of Virginia Library System consists of a dozen libraries and holds over 5 million volumes. Its Electronic Text Center, established in 1992, has put 70,000 books online as well as 350,000 images that go with them. These e-texts are open to anyone and, {{As of|2002|lc=on}}, were receiving 37,000 daily visits (compared to 6,000 daily visitors to the physical libraries).<ref>{{cite web|title=Electronic Center at UVa Library |publisher=Digital Scholarship Services |url=http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ |access-date=December 20, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061220160141/https://etext.lib.virginia.edu/ |archive-date=December 20, 2006 }}</ref> Shannon Library holds the most extensive Tibetan collection in the world and holds ten floors of book "stacks" of varying ages and historical value. The ] features a collection of American literature as well as two copies of the ] of the ]. It was in this library in 2006 that Robert Stilling, an English graduate student, discovered an unpublished ] poem from 1918.<ref name="Frost-Poem">{{cite news | url = http://www.cavalierdaily.com/news/2006/sep/29/grad-student-discovers-unpublished-frost-poem/ | last = Lim | first = Melinda | date = September 29, 2006 | title = Grad student discovers unpublished Frost poem | access-date = December 11, 2006 | work = ] | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090114115951/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/news/2006/sep/29/grad-student-discovers-unpublished-frost-poem/ | archive-date = January 14, 2009 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> Clark Hall is the library for SEAS (the engineering school), and one of its notable features is the Mural Room, decorated by two three-panel murals by Allyn Cox, depicting the Moral Law and the Civil Law. The murals were finished and set in place in 1934.<ref>"Clark Hall Named to Virginia Landmarks Registry," UVa Today, July 10, 2008</ref> {{As of|2006}}, the university and Google were working on the digitization of selected collections from the library system.<ref name="Google">{{cite web | url = http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=1180 | title = College Dean Search and Diversity Report Main Focus of Senate Meeting | access-date = December 11, 2006 | publisher = University of Virginia | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://archive.today/20121212101748/http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=1180 | archive-date = December 12, 2012 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
Since 1992, the University of Virginia also hosts the ], a non-profit organization in study of historical books and the history of printing that began at ] in 1983. | |||
Since 1992, the University of Virginia also hosts the ], a non-profit organization in the study of historical books and the history of printing that began at ] in 1983. | |||
===Other areas=== | ===Other areas=== | ||
], ], the ] and the ] are |
], ], the ] and the ] are near the historic Lawn and Range area. The ] is on the actual Lawn, in Rouss-Roberston Hall. | ||
]]] | ]]] | ||
Away from the historic area, UVA's architecture and its allegiance to the Jeffersonian design are controversial. The 1990s saw the construction of two deeply contrasting visions: the ] post-modernist ] in 1992 and the unapologetically Jeffersonian ] in 1996. Commentary on both was broad and partisan, as the ] and '']'' lauded Hereford for its bold new lines, while some independent press and wealthy donors praised the traditional design of Darden.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232736/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/23/arts/architecture-view-jefferson-s-legacy-dialogues-with-the-past.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2 |date=March 3, 2016 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref><ref name="JeffQuest"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722195916/http://www.c-ville.com/Jeffersonian_quest/ |date=July 22, 2015 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> The latter group appeared to have largely won the day when the ] was designed in the early 2000s.<ref name="JeffQuest" /><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911001813/http://www.readthehook.com/86465/cover-going-south-wheres-lawn |date=September 11, 2014 }}, accessed September 9, 2014</ref> | |||
Away from the historic area, UVA's architecture and its allegiance to the Jeffersonian design are controversial. The 1990s saw the construction of two deeply contrasting visions: the ] post-modernist ] in 1992 and the unapologetically Jeffersonian ] in 1996. Commentary on both was broad and partisan, as the ] and '']'' lauded Hereford for its bold new lines, while some independent press and wealthy donors praised the traditional design of the Darden school.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232736/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/23/arts/architecture-view-jefferson-s-legacy-dialogues-with-the-past.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2 |date=March 3, 2016 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref><ref name="JeffQuest"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722195916/http://www.c-ville.com/Jeffersonian_quest/ |date=July 22, 2015 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> The latter group appeared to have the upper hand when the ] was designed in the early 2000s.<ref name="JeffQuest" /><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911001813/http://www.readthehook.com/86465/cover-going-south-wheres-lawn |date=September 11, 2014 }}, accessed September 9, 2014</ref> | |||
Billionaire ] donated {{convert|7379|acre|km2}} of additional lands to the university in 2001. Kluge desired the core of the land, the 2,913-acre ], to be developed by the university and the surrounding land to be sold to fund an endowment supporting the core. Five farms totaling {{convert|1261|acres|0|abbr=on}} of the gift were soon sold to musician ], of the ], to be used in an ] project to complement his nearby ].<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910195453/http://www.virginia.edu/topnews/releases2002/kluge-feb-25-2002.html|date=September 10, 2014}}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> Morven has since hosted the Morven Summer Institute, a rigorous immersion program of study in civil society, sustainability, and creativity.<ref name="MorvenCD"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911011001/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/02/university-to-repair-morven-farm |date=September 11, 2014 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> {{as of|2014}}, the university is developing further plans for Morven and has hired an architecture firm for the nearly three thousand acre property.<ref name="MorvenCD" /> In addition, the UVA Foundation owns the building and grounds of the Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection. The Collection itself is also owned by the University of Virginia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kluge-ruhe.org/about/unique-museum-historic-house/ |title=An Unusual Museum in a Historic House |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=Kluge-ruhe.org |publisher=Kluge Ruhe Aboriginal art Collection |access-date=September 24, 2021 |archive-date=September 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924032517/https://kluge-ruhe.org/about/unique-museum-historic-house/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
The ] maintains the roads through the university grounds as ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.virginiadot.org/info/resources/route-index-07012003.pdf |title=Virginia Route Index |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701135847/http://www.virginiadot.org/info/resources/route-index-07012003.pdf |archivedate=July 1, 2015 |df=mdy-all }} {{small|(239 KB)}}, revised July 1, 2003</ref> | |||
===Student housing=== | ===Student and faculty housing=== | ||
{{main article|Student housing at the University of Virginia}} | |||
] | ] | ||
The primary housing areas for first-year students are ], often called "Old Dorms," and ], often called "New Dorms." The 1970s-era Alderman Road Dorms are in the process of being fully replaced with brand new dormitory buildings located in the same area. The replacements feature hall-style living arrangements with common areas and many modern amenities. Instead of being torn down and replaced like the original New Dorms, the Old Dorms will see a $105 million renovation project between 2017 and 2022.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908085419/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/09/mccormick-road-dorms-to-see-massive-renovation-project |date=September 8, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> They were constructed in 1950, and are also hall-style constructions but with fewer amenities. However, generally the Old Dorms are closer to the students' classes. | |||
The primary housing areas for first-year students are ], often called "Old Dorms", ], often called "New Dorms," and suite style dorms located off of Alderman road near the football stadium. The 1970s-era Alderman Road Dorms are being fully replaced with brand new dormitory buildings in the same area. The replacements feature hall-style living arrangements with common areas and many modern amenities. Instead of being torn down and replaced like the original New Dorms, the Old Dorms have seen a $105 million renovation project between 2017 and 2022.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908085419/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/09/mccormick-road-dorms-to-see-massive-renovation-project |date=September 8, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> They were constructed in 1950, and are also hall-style constructions but with fewer amenities. The Old Dorms are closer to the students' classes. | |||
There are three ]s at the university: ], ], and the ]. These involve an application process to live there, and are filled with both upperclass and first year students. The application process can be extremely competitive, especially for Brown because of its location in central Grounds. | |||
In the 1980s, in response to a housing shortage, the Stadium Road Residential Area was built to the south of the Alderman Road Dormitories.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web.arch.virginia.edu/housinghistory/grounds/goochdillard.htm|title=Gooch/Dillard Residence Area|website=web.arch.virginia.edu|access-date=November 7, 2019|archive-date=November 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107212212/http://web.arch.virginia.edu/housinghistory/grounds/goochdillard.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> The largest of the houses in this area are the Gooch Dillard Residence Halls which house 610 students and are suite style type dorms. | |||
It is considered a great honor to be invited to live on The Lawn, and 54 fourth-year undergraduates do so each year, joining ten members of the faculty who permanently live and teach in the Pavilions there.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905235427/http://www.virginia.edu/housing/options.php?id=lawn&type=upperclass |date=September 5, 2014 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> Similarly, graduate students may live on The Range. ] formerly lived in 13 West Range, and since 1904 the Raven Society has retrofitted and preserved his room much as it may have existed in the 1820s. | |||
There are three ]s at the university: ], ], and the ]. These involve an application process to live there, and are filled with both upperclass and first-year students. The application process can be extremely competitive, especially for Brown because of its location in central Grounds near classroom buildings, libraries, and Newcomb Hall. | |||
It is considered a great honor and privilege to be invited to live on the Lawn, and 54 fourth-year undergraduates do so each year, joining ten members of the faculty who permanently live and teach in the Pavilions there.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905235427/http://www.virginia.edu/housing/options.php?id=lawn&type=upperclass |date=September 5, 2014 }}, accessed September 5, 2014</ref> | |||
Prior to May 31, 2024, the university had dedicated housing for employees on Grounds. However, the University is considering new affordable housing proposals, one of which is located on the site of the current Piedmont Housing community.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://housing.virginia.edu/faculty-staff|title=Faculty & Staff|publisher=University of Virginia|access-date=2024-09-27}}</ref> | |||
==Organization and administration== | ==Organization and administration== | ||
{{EB1911 poster|Virginia, University of|circa 1911 organization of the university}} | |||
The university has several affiliated centers including the ], headquarters of the ], ], Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service, ], and ]. The ] is dedicated to creating an environment where both the university community and the general public can study and learn from directly experiencing works of art. The university has its own internal recruiting firm, the Executive Search Group and Strategic Resourcing. Since 2013, this department has been housed under the Office of the President. | |||
The university has several affiliated centers including the ], headquarters of the ], ], Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service, Sorensen Institute for Political Leadership, Institute for Advanced Studies in Culture, and ]. The ] is dedicated to creating an environment where both the university community and the general public can study and learn from directly experiencing works of different art. The university has its own internal recruiting firm, the Executive Search Group and Strategic Resourcing. Since 2013, this department has been housed under the Office of the President. | |||
In 2006, President Casteen announced an ambitious $3 billion capital campaign to be completed by December 2011.<ref>{{cite news |author=Kate Colwel |title=Campaign Moves Past Difficulties |url=http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2010/08/campaign-moves-past-difficulties/ |work=Cavalier Daily |date=August 23, 2012 |access-date=June 24, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020201020/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2010/08/campaign-moves-past-difficulties/ |archive-date=October 20, 2013 }}</ref> During the ], President Sullivan missed the 2011 deadline, and extended it indefinitely.<ref>{{cite news |author=Wiley, Kevin |title=Oversized Check from Reality |url=http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/01/05/university-virginia-falls-short-3-billion-fund-raising-goal |work=] |date=January 5, 2012 |access-date=June 25, 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021035941/http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/01/05/university-virginia-falls-short-3-billion-fund-raising-goal |archive-date=October 21, 2013 }}</ref> The $3 billion goal would be met a year and a half later, which President Sullivan announced at graduation ceremonies in May 2013.<ref>{{cite news |author=Lee Gardner |title=U. of Virginia Raises $3 Billion |url=http://chronicle.com/blogs/bottomline/u-of-virginia-raises-3-billion// |work=] |date=May 21, 2013 |access-date=June 24, 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611005603/http://chronicle.com/blogs/bottomline/u-of-virginia-raises-3-billion/ |archive-date=June 11, 2013 }}</ref> | |||
{{As of|2013}}, UVA's $1.4 billion academic budget is paid for primarily by tuition and fees (32%), research grants (23%), endowment and gifts (19%), and sales and services (12%).<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018074952/http://www.virginia.edu/finance101/answers.html |date=October 18, 2014 }}, accessed December 14, 2014</ref> The university receives 10% of its academic funds through state appropriation from the Commonwealth of Virginia.<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs" /> For the overall (including non-academic) university budget of $2.6 billion, 45% comes from medical patient revenue.<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs" /> The Commonwealth contributes less than 6%.<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs" /> | |||
UVA's endowment is among the highest among universities in the United States.<ref name=LargestEndowments /> As of 2013, the University of Virginia was one of only two ] in the United States that had a ] from all three major credit rating agencies.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501151808/https://news.virginia.edu/content/university-virginia-receives-top-bond-rating |date=May 1, 2019 }}, accessed May 1, 2019</ref> | |||
{| class="toccolours" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; font-size:90%; line-height:1.4em; width:300px;" | {| class="toccolours" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; font-size:90%; line-height:1.4em; width:300px;" | ||
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | |
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | UVA colleges and schools | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''College/school''' || '''Year founded''' | | '''College/school''' || '''Year founded''' | ||
Line 173: | Line 225: | ||
| ] || 1921 | | ] || 1921 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ] || | | ] || 1915 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ] |
| ]|| 2019 | ||
|- | |||
| ]|| 1905 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| ] || 1836 | | ] || 1836 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ] || 1819 | | ] || 1819 | ||
|- | |||
| ] || 2007 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| ] || 1819 | | ] || 1819 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ] || 1901 | | ] || 1901 | ||
|- | |||
| ] || 2007 | |||
|} | |} | ||
In 2006, then-President Casteen announced an ambitious $3 billion capital campaign to be completed by December 2011.<ref>{{cite news |author=Kate Colwel |title=Campaign Moves Past Difficulties |url=http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2010/08/campaign-moves-past-difficulties/ |quote= |work=Cavalier Daily |date=August 23, 2012 |accessdate=June 24, 2013 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020201020/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2010/08/campaign-moves-past-difficulties/ |archivedate=October 20, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> During the ], President Sullivan missed the 2011 deadline, and extended it indefinitely.<ref>{{cite news |author=Wiley, Kevin |title=Oversized Check from Reality |url=http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/01/05/university-virginia-falls-short-3-billion-fund-raising-goal |quote= |work=] |date=January 5, 2012 |accessdate=June 25, 2013 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021035941/http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/01/05/university-virginia-falls-short-3-billion-fund-raising-goal |archivedate=October 21, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> The $3 billion goal would be met a year and a half later, which President Sullivan announced at graduation ceremonies in May 2013.<ref>{{cite news |author=Lee Gardner |title=U. of Virginia Raises $3 Billion |url=http://chronicle.com/blogs/bottomline/u-of-virginia-raises-3-billion// |quote= |work=] |date=May 21, 2013 |accessdate=June 24, 2013 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130611005603/http://chronicle.com/blogs/bottomline/u-of-virginia-raises-3-billion/ |archivedate=June 11, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
Although UVA is the flagship university of Virginia, state funding has decreased for several consecutive decades.<ref name="CDstate">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/09/university-braces-for-likely-cuts-in-state-funds|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908093211/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/09/university-braces-for-likely-cuts-in-state-funds|title=University braces for likely cuts in state funds|archive-date=September 8, 2014|website=The Cavalier Daily – University of Virginia's Student Newspaper}}</ref> Financial support from the state dropped by half from 12 percent of total revenue in 2001–02 to six percent in 2013–14.<ref name="CDstate" /> The portion of academic revenue coming from the state fell by even more in the same period, from 22 percent to just nine percent.<ref name="CDstate" /> This nominal support from the state, contributing just $154 million of UVA's $2.6 billion budget in 2012–13, has led President Sullivan and others to contemplate the partial privatization of the University of Virginia.<ref name="WPpriv"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908092526/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/u-va-should-break-some-ties-with-state-panel-says-in-preliminary-report/2013/09/11/e45cb586-1961-11e3-82ef-a059e54c49d0_story.html |date=September 8, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> UVA's Darden School and Law School are already self-sufficient. | |||
{{As of|2013}}, UVA's $1.4 billion academic budget is paid for primarily by tuition and fees (32%), research grants (23%), endowment and gifts (19%), and sales and services (12%).<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018074952/http://www.virginia.edu/finance101/answers.html |date=October 18, 2014 }}, accessed December 14, 2014</ref> A mere 10% of academic funds come from state appropriation from the Commonwealth of Virginia.<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs" /> For the overall (including non-academic) university budget of $2.6 billion, 45% comes from medical patient revenue.<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs" /> The Commonwealth contributes less than 6%.<ref name="UVAbudgetRevs" /> | |||
], President of the prominent ] research group of universities, came to Charlottesville to make a speech to university faculty which included a statement about the proposal: "there's no possibility, as far as I can see, that any state will ever relinquish its ownership and governance of its public universities, much less of its flagship research university".<ref name="WPpriv" /> He encouraged university leaders to stop talking about privatization and instead push their state lawmakers to increase funding for higher education and research as a public good.<ref name="WPpriv" /> | |||
Though UVA is the flagship university of Virginia, state funding has decreased for several consecutive decades.<ref name="CDstate"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908093211/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/2014/09/university-braces-for-likely-cuts-in-state-funds |date=September 8, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> Financial support from the state dropped by half from 12 percent of total revenue in 2001-02 to six percent in 2013-14.<ref name="CDstate" /> The portion of academic revenue coming from the state fell by even more in the same period, from 22 percent to just nine percent.<ref name="CDstate" /> This nominal support from the state, contributing just $154 million of UVA's $2.6 billion budget in 2012-13, has led President Sullivan and others to contemplate the partial privatization of the University of Virginia.<ref name="WPpriv"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908092526/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/education/u-va-should-break-some-ties-with-state-panel-says-in-preliminary-report/2013/09/11/e45cb586-1961-11e3-82ef-a059e54c49d0_story.html |date=September 8, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> UVA's Darden School and Law School are already self-sufficient. | |||
==Academics== | |||
], President of the prominent ] research group of universities to which UVA is an elected member, came to Charlottesville to make a speech to university faculty which included a statement about the proposal: "there's no possibility, as far as I can see, that any state will ever relinquish its ownership and governance of its public universities, much less of its flagship research university".<ref name="WPpriv" /> He encouraged university leaders to stop talking about privatization and instead push their state lawmakers to increase funding for higher education and research as a public good.<ref name="WPpriv" /> | |||
The University of Virginia offers 48 ] programs, 94 master's degree programs, 55 ] programs, 6 educational specialist degree programs, and 2 first-professional degrees (] and ]). UVA does not bestow honorary degrees.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.virginia.edu/registrar/records/95gradrec/greg.html#honor | title = Chapter 4: University Regulations: Honorary Degrees | year = 1995 | access-date = May 7, 2006 | author = Rector and Visitors of The University of Virginia | publisher = Rector and Visitors of The University of Virginia | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060831033659/http://www.virginia.edu/registrar/records/95gradrec/greg.html#honor | archive-date = August 31, 2006 | df = mdy-all }} "The University of Virginia does not award honorary degrees. In conjunction with the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, the University presents the Thomas Jefferson Medal in Architecture and the Thomas Jefferson Award in Law each spring. The awards, recognizing excellence in two fields of interest to Jefferson, constitute the University's highest recognition of scholars outside the University."</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2001/commdegrees.html | title = No honorary degrees is an MIT tradition going back to ... Thomas Jefferson | publisher = MIT News Office | date = June 8, 2001 | access-date = May 7, 2006 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060414025857/http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2001/commdegrees.html | archive-date = April 14, 2006 | df = mdy-all }}:"MIT's founder, William Barton Rogers, regarded the practice of giving honorary degrees as 'literary almsgiving ... of spurious merit and noisy popularity ... ' Rogers was a geologist from the University of Virginia who believed in Thomas Jefferson's policy barring honorary degrees at the university, which was founded in 1819."</ref><ref name="barton-mit-founding">{{cite web |url=http://libraries.mit.edu/archives/exhibits/wbr-visionary/ |title=William Barton Rogers: MIT's Visionary Founder |work=Exhibits: Institute Archives & Special Collections: MIT Libraries |last1=Andrews |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Murphy |first2=Nora |last3=Rosko |first3=Tom |access-date=May 16, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512091317/http://libraries.mit.edu/archives/exhibits/wbr-visionary/ |archive-date=May 12, 2008 }}</ref> | |||
===Scholarships=== | |||
The University of Virginia is one of only two public universities in the United States that has a ] from all three major credit rating agencies, along with the ].<ref> – '']''</ref> | |||
The ] is the most competitive merit scholarship nationwide. Around 30 scholars are selected annually from a direct application pool of 4,500 nominating schools, each able to nominate only one student. Covering all tuition, books, room and board, the scholarship also provides scholars finances for summer enrichment, independent research and study abroad. | |||
] (College of Arts and Sciences) and ] (]), which include 6–7% of undergraduate students, receive no financial benefits, but are entitled to special advisors, priority course registration, residence in designated dorms and fewer curricular constraints than other students have.<ref name="echols-benefits">{{cite web |url=http://artsandsciences.virginia.edu/echols/about/benefits.html |title=Benefits of the Echols Scholars Program |work=University of Virginia |access-date=October 1, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227042234/http://artsandsciences.virginia.edu/echols/about/benefits.html |archive-date=February 27, 2009 }}</ref> | |||
==Academics== | |||
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501163920/https://assessment.library.virginia.edu/files/2019/02/2018-Gate-Count-Sheets.pdf |date=May 1, 2019 }}, accessed May 1, 2019</ref>]] | |||
] | |||
UVA offers 48 ]s, 94 ]s, 55 ], 6 educational specialist degrees, and 2 first-professional degrees (] and ]) to its students. It has never bestowed an ] to any person.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.virginia.edu/registrar/records/95gradrec/greg.html#honor | title = Chapter 4: University Regulations: Honorary Degrees | year = 1995 | accessdate = May 7, 2006 | author = Rector and Visitors of The University of Virginia | publisher = Rector and Visitors of The University of Virginia | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060831033659/http://www.virginia.edu/registrar/records/95gradrec/greg.html#honor | archivedate = August 31, 2006 | df = mdy-all }} "The University of Virginia does not award honorary degrees. In conjunction with the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, the University presents the Thomas Jefferson Medal in Architecture and the Thomas Jefferson Award in Law each spring. The awards, recognizing excellence in two fields of interest to Jefferson, constitute the University's highest recognition of scholars outside the University."</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2001/commdegrees.html | title = No honorary degrees is an MIT tradition going back to ... Thomas Jefferson | work = | publisher = MIT News Office | date = June 8, 2001 | accessdate = May 7, 2006 | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060414025857/http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2001/commdegrees.html | archivedate = April 14, 2006 | df = mdy-all }}:"MIT's founder, William Barton Rogers, regarded the practice of giving honorary degrees as 'literary almsgiving ... of spurious merit and noisy popularity ...' Rogers was a geologist from the University of Virginia who believed in Thomas Jefferson's policy barring honorary degrees at the university, which was founded in 1819."</ref><ref name="barton-mit-founding">{{cite web |url=http://libraries.mit.edu/archives/exhibits/wbr-visionary/ |title=William Barton Rogers: MIT's Visionary Founder |work=Exhibits: Institute Archives & Special Collections: MIT Libraries |last1=Andrews |first1=Elizabeth |last2=Murphy |first2=Nora |last3=Rosko |first3=Tom |accessdate=May 16, 2008 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512091317/http://libraries.mit.edu/archives/exhibits/wbr-visionary/ |archivedate=May 12, 2008 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
Full tuition scholarships are given to each in-state student from families earning under $80,000 per year.<ref name=VAfree /> Each in-state student from families earning under $30,000 per year also receives free room and board.<ref name=VAfree /> These scholarships are initiatives of President Ryan, who announced them upon his inauguration in 2018.<ref name=VAfree /> | |||
The ] offers four-year full-tuition scholarships based on regional, international, and at-large competitions. Students are nominated by their high schools, interviewed, then invited to weekend-long series of tests of character, aptitude, and general suitability. Approximately 3% of those nominated successfully earn the scholarship. ] (College of Arts and Sciences) and ] (School of Engineering and Applied Sciences), which include 6-7% of undergraduate students, receive no financial benefits, but are entitled to special advisors, priority course registration, residence in designated dorms and fewer curricular constraints than other students.<ref name="echols-benefits">{{cite web |url=http://artsandsciences.virginia.edu/echols/about/benefits.html |title=Benefits of the Echols Scholars Program |work=University of Virginia |accessdate=October 1, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227042234/http://artsandsciences.virginia.edu/echols/about/benefits.html |archivedate=February 27, 2009 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> | |||
===Research=== | ===Research=== | ||
The University of Virginia is the first and longest serving public member of the ] in the ], attaining membership in 1904.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026002609/http://www.aau.edu/about/article.aspx?id=5476%2Four-members |date=October 26, 2014 }}, accessed December 14, 2020</ref> It is ] among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".<ref name="Carnegie">{{cite web |title=Carnegie Classifications Institution Lookup |url=https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=234076 |publisher=Center for Postsecondary Education |website=carnegieclassifications.iu.edu |access-date=July 26, 2020 |archive-date=July 26, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726191941/https://carnegieclassifications.iu.edu/lookup/view_institution.php?unit_id=234076 |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
UVA was recently recognized by '']'' as leading two of the Top 10 scientific discoveries in the world in 2015.<ref name=Science2015> | |||
{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224162812/https://news.virginia.edu/content/two-uva-findings-running-years-biggest-scientific-breakthroughs |date=February 24, 2016 }}, accessed February 17, 2016</ref> | |||
According to the ], UVA spent $614 million on research and development in 2019, ranking it 44th in the nation and first in Virginia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Table 5. Higher education R&D expenditures, ranked by FY 2019 R&D expenditures |url=https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf21314#general-notes |website=ncses.nsf.gov |publisher=] |access-date=February 13, 2021 |archive-date=August 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804134917/https://ncses.nsf.gov/pubs/nsf21314#general-notes |url-status=live }}</ref> Built in 1996, North Fork (formerly the UVA Research Park<ref>{{cite web |title=UVA Research Park is Now North Fork |url=https://www.discovernorthfork.com/uva-research-park-is-now-north-fork-1 |website=northfork.staged-website.com |access-date=October 13, 2022 |archive-date=March 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312051253/https://www.discovernorthfork.com/uva-research-park-is-now-north-fork-1 |url-status=live }}</ref> is an extensive 3.7-million square foot, 562 acre ] nine miles north of UVA's North Grounds.<ref name=RPFuture> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204043429/https://newsadvance.com/work_it_lynchburg/news/future-looks-bright-for-uva-research-park/article_cff0d6c4-9d8f-11e3-81d0-001a4bcf6878.html |date=February 4, 2021 }}, accessed May 11, 2019</ref><ref name="ResearchPark">{{Cite web |url=https://www.discovernorthfork.com/tenant-directory |title=North Fork Tenant Directory |access-date=February 11, 2021 |archive-date=May 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515043505/https://www.discovernorthfork.com/tenant-directory |url-status=live }}</ref> It houses the UVA Applied Research Institute as well as many private R&D efforts by such firms as ], The MITRE Corporation, Signature Science, and CACI.<ref name=ResearchPark /><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604140508/http://www.uvaari.org/site/?page_id=53 |date=June 4, 2019 }}, accessed May 11, 2019</ref> | |||
], shown here in the 1858 '']''.]] | |||
The first breakthrough was when ] researchers Jonathan Kipnis and Antoine Louveau discovered previously unknown vessels connecting the ] directly to the ].<ref name=Science2015/> The discovery "redrew the map" of the lymphatic system, rewrote medical ]s, and struck down long-held beliefs about how the ] functions in the brain.<ref name=Science2015/> The discovery may help greatly in combating neurological diseases from ] to ].<ref name=Science2015/> The second globally recognized breakthrough of 2015 was when UVA psychology professor Brian Nosek examined the reproducibility of 100 psychology studies and found that fewer than half could be reproduced.<ref name=Science2015/> The discovery may have profound impacts on how psychological studies are performed and documented.<ref name=Science2015/> More than 270 researchers on five continents were involved, and twenty-two students and faculty from UVA were listed as co-authors on the scientific paper.<ref name=Science2015/> | |||
UVA is home to globally recognized research on ].<ref name=hypersonic> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214221636/https://news.virginia.edu/content/making-hypersonic-flight-reality |date=February 14, 2016 }}, accessed February 17, 2016</ref> The ], ], ], and National Center for Hypersonic Combined Cycle Propulsion have |
UVA is also home to globally recognized research on ] for NASA and other organizations.<ref name=hypersonic> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214221636/https://news.virginia.edu/content/making-hypersonic-flight-reality |date=February 14, 2016 }}, accessed February 17, 2016</ref> The ], ], and National Center for Hypersonic Combined Cycle Propulsion have each also granted UVA researchers millions in funding for the university's ongoing broad and deep research into ultra-high velocity flight.<ref name=hypersonic/> Starting in 2015, a UVA team led by mechanical engineering professor Eric Loth began Department of Energy-funded research into an original design of ]s that would potentially dwarf the size and scope of any being produced or researched anywhere else.<ref name=WindTurbines> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430134709/https://news.virginia.edu/content/palm-trees-inspire-uva-teams-revolutionary-design-offshore-wind-turbines |date=April 30, 2019 }}, accessed April 30, 2019</ref> The innovative design inspired by ]s led to Loth being named to a '']'' list of "The Brilliant Minds Behind The New Energy Revolution".<ref name=WindTurbines /><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221183840/http://www.popsci.com/new-faces-energy |date=February 21, 2017 }}, accessed April 30, 2019</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170922071923/http://www.popsci.com/eric-loth-thinks-wind |date=September 22, 2017 }}, accessed April 30, 2019</ref> | ||
UVA was recognized by '']'' as leading two of the top 10 scientific discoveries in the world in 2015.<ref name=Science2015> | |||
In the field of ], the university is a member of a consortium engaged in the construction and operation of the ] in the ] of the ] of southeastern ]. It is also a member of both the Astrophysical Research Consortium, which operates telescopes at ] in ], and the ] which operates the ], the ] and the ]. The University of Virginia hosts the headquarters of the ], which operates the ] in ] and the ] radio telescope made famous in the ] television documentary '']'' and film '']''. The North American ] Science Center is also located at the Charlottesville NRAO site. | |||
{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224162812/https://news.virginia.edu/content/two-uva-findings-running-years-biggest-scientific-breakthroughs |date=February 24, 2016 }}, accessed February 17, 2016</ref> The first breakthrough was when ] researchers Jonathan Kipnis and Antoine Louveau discovered previously unknown vessels connecting the ] directly to the ].<ref name=Science2015/> The second breakthrough was when UVA psychology professor Brian Nosek examined the reproducibility of 100 psychology studies and found fewer than half could be reproduced.<ref name=Science2015/> More than 270 researchers on five continents were involved, and twenty-two students and faculty from UVA were listed as co-authors on the scientific paper.<ref name=Science2015/> | |||
In the field of ], the university is a member of a consortium engaged in the construction and operation of the ] in the ] of the ] of southeastern ]. It is also a member of both the Astrophysical Research Consortium, which operates telescopes at ] in ], and the ] which operates the ], the ] and the ]. The University of Virginia hosts the headquarters of the ], which operates the ] in ] and the ] radio telescope made famous in the ] television documentary '']'' and film '']''. The North American ] Science Center is also at the Charlottesville NRAO site. In 2019, researchers at NRAO co-authored a study documenting the discovery of a pair of giant ] shaped ]s emanating ]s from the center of our ].<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190912090726/https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/11/world/giant-balloons-milky-way-center-scn/index.html |date=September 12, 2019 }}, accessed September 12, 2019</ref> | |||
The University of Virginia has been an elected member of the ] since 1904, and remains today the only Virginia-based member of this research organization of leading American universities. {{As of|2012}}, UVA received $218,499,000 in U.S. federal research grants, the most of any university in Virginia.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209033945/http://mup.asu.edu/research2012.pdf |date=February 9, 2015 }}, accessed December 14, 2014</ref> | |||
===Innovation=== | |||
] was founded by UVA roommates]] | |||
The ] has been named the No. 1 fastest growing metropolitan area for ] in the United States, with $27.7 million in annual funding as of 2015.<ref name=VC>, accessed February 18, 2016</ref> A majority of the successful startups in the Charlottesville region have been started by or funded by UVA students and graduates.<ref name=VC/> One example of a startup launched by university students is ], now one of the top 5 most viewed websites in the U.S. (placing between ] and ] as of January 2018<ref>, accessed January 7, 2018</ref>) with nearly 100 billion annual pageviews, founded by UVA dormitory roommates ] and ] in 2005. They were students at the ] and the ], respectively. Having grown so large, Reddit is now headquartered in ]. | |||
In addition to McIntire and SEAS, the ] has spawned highly innovative graduates and entrepreneurs. For example, a wearable glove that helps to rehabilitate stroke patients was brought to market by a Darden graduate in ] during 2015.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121074309/https://news.virginia.edu/content/innovation-darden-savvy-glove-aids-recovery-strokes |date=January 21, 2016 }}, accessed February 18, 2016</ref> According to a study by researchers at the Darden School and Stanford University, UVA alumni overall have founded over 65,000 companies which have employed 2.3 million people worldwide with annual global revenues of $1.6 trillion.<ref name="alumni-study" /> | |||
===Rankings=== | ===Rankings=== | ||
{{Infobox US university ranking | {{Infobox US university ranking | ||
<!-- U.S. rankings --> | <!-- U.S. rankings -->| Forbes = 34 | ||
| |
| USNWR_NU = 24 | ||
| |
| Wamo_NU = 37 | ||
| |
| THE_WSJ = 33 | ||
| |
| QS_W = 260 | ||
| THES_W = 166 | |||
<!-- Global rankings --> | |||
| |
| USNWR_W = 119 | ||
| |
| ARWU_W = 201–300 | ||
| THES_W = 113 | |||
| USNWR_W = 99 | |||
}} | }} | ||
As of the 2023 rankings, '']'' ranks UVA's undergraduate programs 24th among national universities overall. Its undergraduate business school, McIntire, is ranked 4th (and 1st among public universities) in the United States by the UK-based business school website '']'' as of 2023.<ref>John Byrne. ''''. '']'', April 28, 2023. Accessed April 23, 2024.</ref> In its (most recent as of 2024) undergraduate business school rankings of 2016, ''Bloomberg BusinessWeek'' ranked the ], UVA's undergraduate business program, 5th overall and 2nd among public universities.<ref name=BWeek> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426203140/http://www.bloomberg.com/features/2016-best-undergrad-business-schools/ |date=April 26, 2016 }}, accessed September 5, 2016</ref> In its 2015 rankings, '']'' (which no longer produces rankings) listed Darden 2nd overall globally and 1st among public universities.<ref name=Economist> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013215823/http://www.economist.com/whichmba/full-time-mba-ranking |date=October 13, 2012 }}, accessed January 4, 2016</ref> In its 2024 ranking, '']'' ranks UVA as the #3 business school in the nation and 1st among public universities.<ref>"". ''Bloomberg.com''. Accessed April 23, 2024.</ref> | |||
''U.S. News & World Report'''s 2024 rankings placed its ] fourth-best overall and 1st among public universities, its graduate ] 10th nationally, the ] 30th overall in the "Research" category, and the ] tied for 37th overall. The ] was ranked 8th in the nation. The specialization in special education, as well as in curriculum and instruction, were both ranked 4th in the nation.<ref name=bgs>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/university-of-virginia-main-campus-234076/overall-rankings|title=Best Graduate Schools - University of Virginia|accessdate=11 April 2024 |publisher=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref> In the 2022 ], the School of Education was ranked 8th in the world.<ref name=bgs/> | |||
'']'' ranks UVA 24th overall and 2nd among public universities in its 2017 report.<ref name=USNews>{{cite web |url=http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-virginia-main-campus-234076/overall-rankings |title=U.S. News Best Colleges Rankings - University of Virginia |publisher=''U.S. News & World Report'' |accessdate=January 4, 2016 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080534/http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/university-of-virginia-main-campus-234076/overall-rankings |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Among the professional schools of UVA, ''U.S. News & World Report'''s 2016 rankings place ] tied for 8th overall and tied for 1st among public universities, its graduate ] 11th overall and 2nd among public universities, ] tied for 25th overall and tied for 17th among public universities in the "Primary Care" category and 28th overall and 10th among public universities in the "Research" category, and ] 39th overall and 21st among public universities.<ref name=USNews/> In its 2015 rankings, '']'' lists Darden 2nd overall internationally and 1st among public institutions.<ref name=Economist> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013215823/http://www.economist.com/whichmba/full-time-mba-ranking |date=October 13, 2012 }}, accessed January 4, 2016</ref> In its 2016 listing, '']'' ranks the ], UVA's undergraduate business program, 5th overall and 2nd among public universities.<ref name=BWeek> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426203140/http://www.bloomberg.com/features/2016-best-undergrad-business-schools/ |date=April 26, 2016 }}, accessed September 5, 2016</ref> | |||
'']'' ranked UVA |
'']'' ranked UVA 28th in its 2020 ranking of national universities based on its contribution to the public good, as measured by social mobility, research, and promoting good public service.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://washingtonmonthly.com/2020college-guide/national |title=2020 National University Rankings |magazine=Washington Monthly |date=August 28, 2020 |access-date=October 21, 2020 |archive-date=September 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200901051024/https://washingtonmonthly.com/2020college-guide/national |url-status=live }}</ref> In its 2016 report, '']'', which strives to measure preparation for the professional workforce, ranked UVA ninth overall and first among public universities.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905053127/http://www.businessinsider.com/best-colleges-in-the-united-states-2016-8/ |date=September 5, 2016 }}, accessed September 5, 2016</ref> | ||
===Other recognition=== | ===Other recognition=== | ||
Reflecting a strong tradition of free speech dating back to Thomas Jefferson, UVA was ranked 6th by the ] in the 2024 Free Speech College Rankings.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stevens |first=S.T. |date=2023 |title=2024 College Free Speech Rankings: What Is the State of Free Speech on America's College Campuses? |url=https://www.thefire.org/research-learn/2024-college-free-speech-rankings |access-date=December 18, 2023 |website=The Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kelly |first=Jane |date=June 4, 2021 |title=Board of Visitors 'Unequivocally Endorses' Statement on Free Expression and Inquiry |url=https://news.virginia.edu/content/board-visitors-unequivocally-endorses-statement-free-expression-and-inquiry |website=UVA Today}}</ref> | |||
A ] (NBER) study of "high-achieving" undergraduate applicants found UVA to be the nation's highest preference among public universities for those students in December 2005,<ref name=NBERstudy>{{cite journal|last1=Avery |first1=Christopher |last2=Glickman |first2=Mark E. |last3=Hoxby |first3=Caroline M |last4=Metrick |first4=Andrew |title=A Revealed Preference Ranking of U.S. Colleges and Universities, NBER Working Paper No. W10803 |date=December 2005 |publisher=National Bureau of Economic Research |ssrn=601105}}</ref> besting its closest competitors ], ], and ] in each of three methods of measurement. | |||
The University of Virginia has also been recognized for consistently having the highest |
The University of Virginia has also been recognized for consistently having the highest African American graduation rate among national public universities.<ref name="virginia.edu"> Retrieved November 19, 2009</ref><ref> Retrieved November 19, 2009</ref><ref name="jbhe.com"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091209064340/http://www.jbhe.com/preview/winter07preview.html |date=December 9, 2009 }} Retrieved November 19, 2009</ref> According to the Fall 2005 issue of ''Journal of Blacks in Higher Education'', UVA "has the highest ] student graduation rate of the ]" and "by far the most impressive is the University of Virginia with its high black student graduation rate and its small racial difference in graduation rates."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jbhe.com/news_views/49_blackenrollment_publicivies.html|title=''Comparing Black Enrollments at the Public Ivies''. The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education. 2005|access-date=November 26, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109151226/http://www.jbhe.com/news_views/49_blackenrollment_publicivies.html|archive-date=November 9, 2014}}</ref> | ||
===Undergraduate admissions and financial aid=== | |||
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Virginia, University of|circa 1911 organization of the university}} | |||
{{Infobox U.S. college admissions | |||
Historically, UVA was recognized as a ''Class I'' (the top category of) university in the nation's first academic classification system published by the ] in 1911.<ref name="Babcock 1911">{{cite book |last=Babcock |first=Kendrick Charles |authorlink=United States Bureau of Education |date=1911 |title=A Classification of Universities and Colleges with Reference to Bachelor's Degrees}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = How US college's rankings have—and haven't—changed over the past century | publisher = ] | url = http://qz.com/246183/how-us-colleges-rankings-have-and-havent-changed-over-the-past-century/ | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140817211204/http://qz.com/246183/how-us-colleges-rankings-have-and-havent-changed-over-the-past-century/ | archivedate = August 17, 2014 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> It was one of only two universities in the ] (the other the ]) to be recognized as such.<ref name="Babcock 1911"/> | |||
|year=2023 | |||
|admit rate=16.2% | |||
|admit rate change=-11.1 | |||
|yield rate=39.1% | |||
|yield rate change=+1.0 | |||
|SAT Total=1400-1540<br />(among 51% of ]) | |||
|ACT=32-35<br />(among 21% of ]) | |||
|float=right | |||
|ref=<ref name="cds21-22">{{cite web|url=https://ira.virginia.edu/cds-2021-22|title=Common Data Set 2021–2022|publisher=University of Virginia|access-date=2022-11-26|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126110514/https://ira.virginia.edu/cds-2021-22}}</ref> | |||
|change ref=<ref name="cds16-17">{{cite web|url=https://ira.virginia.edu/cds-2016-17|title=Common Data Set 2016–2017|publisher=University of Virginia|access-date=2022-11-26|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126110524/https://ira.virginia.edu/cds-2016-17}}</ref> | |||
}} | |||
For the undergraduate Class of 2027, the University of Virginia received a record 56,439 applications, admitting 16.2 percent.<ref name=Class27>Thomas Baxter. "." '']'', March 23, 2023. Accessed November 29, 2023.</ref> The early action acceptance rate was 27 percent for in-state Virginians and 12 percent for out-of-state applicants.<ref name=Class27EA>Merrill Hart. "", February 13, 2023. Accessed November 29, 2023.</ref> The regular decision acceptance rate was 13 percent for in-state Virginians and 8 percent for out-of-state applicants.<ref name=Class27 /> UVA is required, by Virginia state law, to matriculate two-thirds of its undergraduate student body from its pool of in-state applicants;<ref name=2019div>{{cite web |url=https://www.dailyprogress.com/news/local/uva/uva-admission-offers-reflect-growing-diversity/article_fa707306-4f63-11e9-8db6-4bdd83c3baef.html |title=UVa admission offers reflect growing diversity |website=www.dailyprogress.com |date=March 25, 2019 |access-date=April 26, 2019 |archive-date=April 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426182113/https://www.dailyprogress.com/news/local/uva/uva-admission-offers-reflect-growing-diversity/article_fa707306-4f63-11e9-8db6-4bdd83c3baef.html |url-status=live }}</ref> it is barred, by Virginia state law, from giving admissions preference to the children of its alumni.<ref>Janet W. Lee. "". ], March 11, 2024. Accessed March 25, 2024.</ref> Approximately 40 percent of those admitted to UVA are non-white.<ref name=2019div /> Matriculated students come from all 50 states and 147 foreign countries.<ref name="iaas">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/Facts/Glance_Enrollment.html |title=Current On-Grounds Enrollment |access-date=September 15, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903212245/http://www.virginia.edu/Facts/Glance_Enrollment.html |archive-date=September 3, 2014}}</ref><ref name="CavAdmissionsHandbook" /> The university has seen steady increases to its applicant pool in recent decades, and the number of applications has more than tripled since the Class of 2008 received 15,094 applications.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.virginia.edu/topnews/releases2004/admission-march-31-2004.html| title = Online Applications Speed Admissions Process University Of Virginia Receives More Than 15,000 Applications, Extends Offers To 4,724 Students For Class Of 2008| access-date = August 31, 2014| date = March 31, 2004| publisher = University of Virginia News Office| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140904210052/http://www.virginia.edu/topnews/releases2004/admission-march-31-2004.html| archive-date = September 4, 2014| df = mdy-all}}</ref> Admission to the university is among the most ] in the United States among public universities.<ref name=MostSelectivePublics /> As of 2014, 93 percent of admitted applicants ranked in the top 10 percent of their high school classes.<ref name="CavAdmissionsHandbook">{{cite web| url = http://uvaclubs.virginia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/CAVALIER-ADMISSIONS-VOLUNTEER-HANDBOOK.pdf| title = Cavalier Admissions Volunteer Handbook| access-date = August 31, 2014| date = 2013| publisher = Office of Engagement, University of Virginia| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140903093528/http://uvaclubs.virginia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/CAVALIER-ADMISSIONS-VOLUNTEER-HANDBOOK.pdf| archive-date = September 3, 2014| df = mdy-all}}</ref><ref name="uva-2014stats">{{cite web |url=http://uvaapplication.blogspot.com/2014/03/unofficial-2013-2014-admission.html |title=U.Va. Unofficial Admissions Statistics, 2013–14 |work=UVa Admissions Office |date=March 31, 2014 |access-date=August 27, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905044224/http://uvaapplication.blogspot.com/2014/03/unofficial-2013-2014-admission.html |archive-date=September 5, 2014 }}</ref> For the Class of 2027, some 1,167 students were accepted after having had their application fees waived as either low-income or first-generation college students.<ref name=Class27 /> | |||
===Admissions and financial aid=== | |||
For the undergraduate Class of 2021, the University of Virginia received approximately 36,800 applications, admitting 27 percent.<ref>, accessed May 25, 2017</ref> The university has seen steady increases in the applicant pool throughout the past decade, and the number of applications has more than doubled since the Class of 2008 received 15,094 applications.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.virginia.edu/topnews/releases2004/admission-march-31-2004.html| title = Online Applications Speed Admissions Process University Of Virginia Receives More Than 15,000 Applications, Extends Offers To 4,724 Students For Class Of 2008| accessdate = August 31, 2014| date = March 31, 2004| publisher = University of Virginia News Office| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140904210052/http://www.virginia.edu/topnews/releases2004/admission-march-31-2004.html| archivedate = September 4, 2014| df = mdy-all}}</ref> Interested applicants may arrange an overnight visit through the Monroe Society, a student-run organization.<ref name="CavAdmissionsHandbook" /> In 2014, 93% of admitted applicants ranked in the top 10 percent of their high school classes.<ref name="CavAdmissionsHandbook">{{cite web| url = http://uvaclubs.virginia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/CAVALIER-ADMISSIONS-VOLUNTEER-HANDBOOK.pdf| title = Cavalier Admissions Volunteer Handbook| accessdate = August 31, 2014| date = 2013| publisher = Office of Engagement, University of Virginia| deadurl = no| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20140903093528/http://uvaclubs.virginia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/CAVALIER-ADMISSIONS-VOLUNTEER-HANDBOOK.pdf| archivedate = September 3, 2014| df = mdy-all}}</ref><ref name="uva-2014stats">{{cite web |url=http://uvaapplication.blogspot.com/2014/03/unofficial-2013-2014-admission.html |title=U.Va. Unofficial Admissions Statistics, 2013-14 |work=UVa Admissions Office |date=March 31, 2014 |accessdate=August 27, 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905044224/http://uvaapplication.blogspot.com/2014/03/unofficial-2013-2014-admission.html |archivedate=September 5, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Matriculated students come from all 50 ] and 147 foreign countries.<ref name="iaas">{{cite web |url=http://www.virginia.edu/Facts/Glance_Enrollment.html |title=Current On-Grounds Enrollment |accessdate=September 15, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903212245/http://www.virginia.edu/Facts/Glance_Enrollment.html |archivedate=September 3, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref name="CavAdmissionsHandbook" /> The average ] score was 169 at the ], while at the ] the average ] score was 706.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005225430/http://www.law.virginia.edu/html/prospectives/prospectives.htm |date=October 5, 2014 }}| accessdate=September 4, 2014</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100905091514/http://www.darden.virginia.edu/web/MBA/Students-Alumni/Class-Profile/ |date=2010-09-05 }}, accessdate=September 4, 2014</ref> | |||
Admission is ] for domestic applicants.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.virginia.edu/life/affordinguva|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181108111336/http://www.virginia.edu/life/affordinguva|url-status=dead|title=Affording UVA | The University of Virginia|date=December 9, 2015|archivedate=November 8, 2018|website=www.virginia.edu}}</ref> President ] announced at his inauguration in fall 2018 that in-state students from families earning less than $80,000 a year will receive full tuition scholarships.<ref name=VAfree /> Those from families earning less than $30,000 will also receive free room and board.<ref name=VAfree /> The university already met 100 percent of demonstrated need for all admitted undergraduate students, making it one of only two public universities in the U.S. to reach this level of financial aid for its students.<ref name="AccessUVa"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904204235/http://accessuva.virginia.edu/questions-answers |date=September 4, 2014 }}, retrieved September 4, 2014</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140823060722/http://www.kiplinger.com/article/college/T014-C000-S002-best-values-in-public-colleges-2013.html |date=August 23, 2014 }}, accessed September 8, 2014</ref> For 2014, the university ranked fourth overall by the '']'' for "Great Financial Aid".<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904210701/http://www.princetonreview.com/UniversityofVirginia.aspx |date=September 4, 2014 }}, accessed August 31, 2014</ref> In 2008 the Center for College Affordability and Productivity named UVA the top value among all national public colleges and universities; and in 2009, UVA was again named the "No. 1 Best Value" among public universities in the United States in a separate ranking by '']'' and the ''Princeton Review.''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailynews-record.com/opinion_details.php?AID=34575&CHID=36|title=DNRonline|access-date=June 29, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720180731/http://www.dailynews-record.com/opinion_details.php?AID=34575&CHID=36|archive-date=July 20, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.princetonreview.com/best-value-colleges.aspx | title=Princeton Review's 2009 Best Value Colleges | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718194342/http://www.princetonreview.com/best-value-colleges.aspx | archive-date=July 18, 2013 | df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/education/best-value-colleges.htm | work=USA Today | title=Best Value Colleges for 2010 and how they were chosen | date=January 12, 2010 | access-date=May 27, 2010 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522020646/http://www.usatoday.com/news/education/best-value-colleges.htm | archive-date=May 22, 2010 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> '']'' in 2014 ranked UVA second out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |publisher=] |title=Kiplinger's Best College Values |date=March 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218160250/http://www.kiplinger.com/tool/college/T014-S001-kiplinger-s-best-values-in-public-colleges/index.php |archive-date=December 18, 2016 }}</ref> | |||
Graduate and professional school admissions are also highly selective. As of 2019, the average ] score was 169 at the ], while at the ] the average ] score was 718.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430032330/https://www.law.virginia.edu/admissions/class-2021-profile |date=April 30, 2019 }}, accessed April 29, 2019</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430032338/https://www.darden.virginia.edu/mba/community/class-profile/ |date=April 30, 2019 }}, accessed April 29, 2019</ref> | |||
==Student life== | ==Student life== | ||
{| class="wikitable floatright sortable collapsible"; text-align:right; font-size:80%;" | |||
Student life at the University of Virginia is marked by a number of unique traditions. The campus of the university is referred to as the "Grounds." Freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors are instead called first-, second-, third-, and fourth-years in order to reflect Jefferson's belief that learning is a lifelong process, rather than one to be completed within four years. | |||
|+ style="font-size:90%" |Student body composition as of May 2, 2022 | |||
] once lived at UVA, discussing his works with students but with his only responsibility to write, not teach]] | |||
|- | |||
! Race and ethnicity<ref>{{cite web|title=College Scorecard: University of Virginia|url=https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?234076-University-of-Virginia-Main-Campus|publisher=]|access-date=May 8, 2022|archive-date=June 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615182459/https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?234076-University-of-Virginia-Main-Campus|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
! colspan="2" data-sort-type=number |Total | |||
|- | |||
| ] | |||
|align=right| {{bartable|56|%|2||background:gray}} | |||
|- | |||
| ] | |||
|align=right| {{bartable|16|%|2||background:purple}} | |||
|- | |||
| Other{{efn|Other consists of ] & those who prefer to not say.}} | |||
|align=right| {{bartable|10|%|2||background:brown}} | |||
|- | |||
| ] | |||
|align=right| {{bartable|7|%|2||background:mediumblue}} | |||
|- | |||
| ] | |||
|align=right| {{bartable|7|%|2||background:green}} | |||
|- | |||
| ] | |||
|align=right| {{bartable|4|%|2||background:orange}} | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="4" data-sort-type=number |] | |||
|- | |||
| ]{{efn|The percentage of students who received an income-based federal ] intended for low-income students.}} | |||
|align=right| {{bartable|13|%|2||background:red}} | |||
|} | |||
Student life at the University of Virginia is marked by a number of unique traditions. The campus of the university is referred to as the "Grounds". Freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors are instead called first-, second-, third-, and fourth-years to reflect Jefferson's belief that learning is a lifelong process, rather than one to be completed within four years. | |||
] once lived among the students of UVA after winning the ], and bequeathed most of his papers to Shannon Library.]] | |||
===Student-faculty interaction and connections=== | ===Student-faculty interaction and connections=== | ||
Professors are traditionally addressed as "Mr." or "Ms." at UVA instead of "Doctor" (although medical doctors are the exception) in deference to Jefferson's desire to have an equality of ideas, discriminated by merit and unburdened by title. UVA facilitates close interactions between students and professors in a number of ways. | Professors are traditionally addressed as "Mr." or "Ms." at UVA instead of "Doctor" (although medical doctors are the one exception) in deference to Jefferson's desire to have an equality of ideas, discriminated by merit and unburdened by title. UVA facilitates close interactions between students and professors in a number of ways. | ||
First-year students in the College of Arts & Sciences have the opportunity to take two University Seminars, one per semester, which are later made available to other students as well. These small classes, numbering from 4 to 19 students each, provide opportunities to work closely with professors at the university from the outset of a student's academic career. The small groupings also help facilitate more frequent and intense discussions between students in this closer environment. | First-year students in the College of Arts & Sciences have the opportunity to take two University Seminars, one per semester, which are later made available to other years students as well. These small classes, typically numbering from 4 to 19 students each, provide opportunities to work closely with professors at the university from the outset of a student's academic career. The small groupings also help facilitate more frequent and intense discussions between students in this closer environment. | ||
Select faculty live at ], ], ], and in Pavilions on ]. This gives more opportunities for professors to invite students to lunches and dinners, which regularly happens, and creates chances for impromptu meetings and interactions between faculty and students around Grounds. | Select faculty live at ], ], ], and in Pavilions on ]. This living arrangement gives more opportunities for professors to invite students to lunches and dinners, which regularly happens, and creates chances for impromptu meetings and interactions between faculty and students around Grounds. | ||
Reflecting this close student-faculty interaction at UVA, it welcomed Nobel Laureate ] to a position as "Writer-in-Residence" in 1957.<ref name=Blotner> |
Reflecting this close student-faculty interaction at UVA, it welcomed Nobel Laureate ] to a position as "Writer-in-Residence" in 1957.<ref name=Blotner>Joseph Blotner and Frederick L. Gwynn, (eds.) (1959) ''Faulkner in the University: Conferences at the University of Virginia, 1957–1958''.</ref> He had no teaching responsibilities, and was paid merely to live among the students and write. He was badly injured in a horse riding accident in 1959, and did not return to the state before his death in 1962.<ref name=Blotner /> Faulkner then bequeathed the majority of his papers to Shannon Library, giving UVA the largest Faulkner archives in the world.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170616201223/http://uvamagazine.org/articles/faulkner_revisited |date=June 16, 2017 }}, accessed June 6, 2017</ref> | ||
===Global citizenship initiatives=== | ===Global citizenship initiatives=== | ||
The ] is a ] at UVA that attracts and celebrates students from across the globe who choose to attend the university. It is one of the three major residential colleges at UVA. Students there come from 45 countries, representing 40% of the student population; but U.S. students are encouraged to live at the IRC as well to learn about the countries from which their classmates have journeyed to attend UVA. | |||
UVA has several programs in place to make each of its students a citizen of the globe, not just of the United States. | |||
UVA was previously the academic sponsor for ], a multi-country study abroad program conducted on a cruise ship. | |||
The ] is a ] at UVA that attracts and celebrates students from across the globe who choose to attend the university. It is one of three major residential colleges at UVA. Students there come from 45 different countries, representing 40% of the student population; but U.S. students are encouraged to live at IRC as well to learn about the countries from which their classmates have journeyed to attend UVA. | |||
The University of Virginia received the 2015 Paul Simon Award for Comprehensive Internationalization, by the Association of International Educators.<ref name="Simon"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302032919/http://as.virginia.edu/news/why-globalize-education-president-sullivan-says-benefits-are-far-reaching |date=March 2, 2016 }}, accessed February 19, 2016</ref> This award confirms the university's success and commitment in educating its students on a global scale as well as nationally.<ref name="Simon" /> | |||
], shortly before embarking on the Fall 1997 Semester at Sea voyage.]] | |||
UVA has been the academic sponsor for ] since 2006. Throughout the history of the program since 1963, nearly 55,000 undergraduate students<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.semesteratsea.org/what-s-new-at-sas-/press-releases/sas-launches-the-c.y.-tung-program-in-sino-u.s.-relations.php |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2016-02-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005152639/http://www.semesteratsea.org/what-s-new-at-sas-/press-releases/sas-launches-the-c.y.-tung-program-in-sino-u.s.-relations.php |archivedate=October 5, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> from more than 1,500 colleges and universities have participated in Semester at Sea. During the spring and fall semesters, the approximately 100-day program circumnavigates the globe, with up to 720 undergraduates<ref>{{cite web|title=Ship FAQ |url=http://www.semesteratsea.org/our-ship/ship-faq/ |publisher=''Semester at Sea'' |accessdate=29 January 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127084505/http://www.semesteratsea.org/our-ship/ship-faq/ |archivedate=January 27, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> traveling from ] heading either east across the ] or west across the ], visiting from 8 to 11 countries in ], ], ] and ], before ending the voyage in another North American port. The program previously had voyages that would sail through the Mediterranean and the Suez Canal, but due to piracy concerns in the ], voyages now typically travel around Africa. Past lecturers and guests of Semester at Sea include ], ], and ]. | |||
UVA received the 2015 Paul Simon Award for Comprehensive Internationalization, by the Association of International Educators.<ref name="Simon"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160302032919/http://as.virginia.edu/news/why-globalize-education-president-sullivan-says-benefits-are-far-reaching |date=March 2, 2016 }}, accessed February 19, 2016</ref> This award confirms the university's success and commitment in educating its students on a global scale as well as nationally.<ref name="Simon" /> | |||
===Student leadership opportunities=== | ===Student leadership opportunities=== | ||
There are a number of UVA undergraduate leadership opportunities that are offered in addition to the standard student government or fraternity and |
There are a number of UVA undergraduate leadership opportunities that are offered in addition to the standard student government or fraternity and sorority positions found at many other universities. They include UVA's ], the ], and the chance to be recognized as a fourth-year student at the pinnacle of student leadership by being asked to live on ]. | ||
The ], established in 2007, expands on these unique student leadership opportunities to study Leadership itself as a cross-disciplinary subject of focus and is closely aligned with many of the university's schools, including the ], ], ], ], ], and ] schools, as well as with programs in politics, economics, and applied ethics. | The ], established in 2007, expands on these unique student leadership opportunities to study Leadership itself as a cross-disciplinary subject of focus and is closely aligned with many of the university's schools, including the ], ], ], ], ], and ] schools, as well as with programs in politics, economics, and applied ethics. | ||
The University of Virginia has a long history of student activists who formed radical environmental, religious, and political groups to champion various social changes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=uva-sc%2Fviu03897.xml%3Bquery%3D|title=A Guide to the Social Movements Collection, ca. 1959–1989, 2000, and n.d. Social Movements Collection 9430-f|website=ead.lib.virginia.edu|access-date=February 28, 2020|archive-date=October 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001045813/http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=uva-sc%2Fviu03897.xml%3Bquery%3D|url-status=live}}</ref> An especially intense period of student activism occurred in the 1970s during the May Days strikes against the Vietnam War.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uvamagazine.org/articles/antiwar_stories|title=Antiwar Stories: May Days, 1970: The week that would change UVA forever|website=Virginia Magazine|language=en|access-date=February 28, 2020|archive-date=February 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228165103/https://uvamagazine.org/articles/antiwar_stories|url-status=live}}</ref> More recently, the ] and its Youth-Nex Center held a national conference in 2019 to promote student activism at UVA and beyond.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wdbj7.com/content/news/Conference-Held-at-UVA-to-Support-Student-Activism-564818771.html|title=Conference Held at UVA to Support Student Activism|last=Kempler|first=Carly|website=www.wdbj7.com|date=November 12, 2019 |language=en|access-date=February 28, 2020|archive-date=February 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228165059/https://www.wdbj7.com/content/news/Conference-Held-at-UVA-to-Support-Student-Activism-564818771.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
===Secret societies and debating societies=== | |||
{{main article|Secret Societies at the University of Virginia}} | |||
===Secret societies=== | |||
{{Main|Secret Societies at the University of Virginia}} | |||
] out of ] secret societies active on Grounds at the university]] | ] out of ] secret societies active on Grounds at the university]] | ||
Student societies have existed on Grounds since the early twentieth century. Secret societies have been a part of University of Virginia student life since the first class of students in 1825. While the number of societies peaked during the 75-year period between 1875 and 1950, there are still six societies active that are over 100 years old, and several newer secret societies. | |||
A number of secret societies at the university, most notably the ], ], and ], have operated for decades or centuries, leaving their painted marks on university buildings. Other significant secret societies include ], ], the ] (who commemorate Jefferson's birthday shortly after dawn on the Lawn each April 13), The Sons of Liberty, and the ]. Not all the secret societies keep their membership unknown, but even those who don't hide their identities generally keep most of their good works and activities far from the public eye. | |||
Student societies have existed on grounds since the early 19th Century. The ], founded in 1825, is the second oldest Greek-Lettered organization in the nation (the oldest being the ] honor fraternity). It continues to meet every Friday at 7:29 PM in ]. The ] also meets every week, and the two organizations often engage in a friendly rivalry. In the days before social fraternities existed and intercollegiate athletics became popular, these societies were often the focal point of social activity on grounds.<ref name="Jefferson Society">{{cite web| url = http://www.jeffersonsociety.org/about/history/histories/saur.php| title = Society History| accessdate = November 5, 2010| publisher = Karl Saur}}</ref> | |||
===Honor system=== | ===Honor system=== | ||
{{Main |
{{Main|Honor system at the University of Virginia}} | ||
{{ |
{{quote box |width = 20em | ||
|title = Honor Pledge<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118221358/http://www.virginia.edu/uvatours/shorthistory/code.html |date=January 18, 2015 }}, accessed December 15, 2014</ref> | |title = Honor Pledge<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118221358/http://www.virginia.edu/uvatours/shorthistory/code.html |date=January 18, 2015 }}, accessed December 15, 2014</ref> | ||
|quote = |
|quote = On my honor, I have neither given nor received aid on this assignment.}} | ||
}} | |||
The nation's first codified honor system was instituted by UVA law professor ] in 1842, after a fellow professor was shot to death on ]. There are three tenets to the system: students simply must not ], ], or ]. |
The nation's first codified honor system was instituted by UVA law professor ] in 1842, after a fellow professor was shot to death on ]. There are three tenets to the system: students simply must not ], ], or ]. For its first 180 years it was a "single sanction system," meaning that committing any of these three offenses would result in immediate expulsion from the university. In the spring of 2022, following decades of criticism and waning support, a proposal to replace the penalty of expulsion with a two-semester suspension passed a student referendum with over 80% of the vote and took effect immediately. | ||
The honor system is intended to be student-run and student-administered.<ref>{{cite web | title = The Honor Committee | publisher = University of Virginia | url = http://www.virginia.edu/honor/ | date = December 11, 2006 | |
The honor system is intended to be student-run and student-administered.<ref>{{cite web | title = The Honor Committee | publisher = University of Virginia | url = http://www.virginia.edu/honor/ | date = December 11, 2006 | access-date = January 9, 2007 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061013105720/http://www.virginia.edu/honor/ | archive-date = October 13, 2006 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> If accused, students are tried before their peers—fellow students, never faculty, serve as counsel and jury. Although Honor Committee resources have been strained by mass cheating scandals such as a case in 2001 of 122 suspected cheaters over several years in a single large Physics survey course, and federal lawsuits have challenged the system, its verdicts are rarely overturned.<ref>{{cite news |author=Greta von Susteren |title=University of Virginia Tackles Cheating Head On |url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0105/10/bp.00.html |work=] |date=May 10, 2001 |access-date=November 13, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127181118/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0105/10/bp.00.html |archive-date=November 27, 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Meg Scheu|title=Judge Denies Call to Dismiss Lawsuit|url=http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/1999/07/judge-denies-call-to-dismiss-lawsuit|work=]|date=June 22, 1999|access-date=November 13, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505025911/http://www.cavalierdaily.com/article/1999/07/judge-denies-call-to-dismiss-lawsuit|archive-date=May 5, 2015}}</ref><ref>In 1983 the Fourth Circuit rejected a challenge brought by an expelled law student, the {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125020150/http://openjurist.org/719/f2d/69/henson-v-honor-committee-of-u-va-u |date=November 25, 2014 }}, concluding U VA's student-run honor system afforded sufficient due process to pass constitutional scrutiny.</ref> There is only one documented case of direct UVA administration interference in an honor system proceeding: the trial and subsequent retrial of student Christopher Leggett.<ref>{{cite news |author=Robert O' Harrow Jr. |title=Honor Case Causes Uproar at U-Va.; Some Angry Over Official Intervention, Student Panel's Unusual Reversal of Decision |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-905552.html |newspaper=] |date=August 8, 1994 |access-date=November 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329042444/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-905552.html |archive-date=March 29, 2015 }}</ref> | ||
===Student activities=== | ===Student activities=== | ||
Many events take place at the University of Virginia, ] and across |
Many events take place at the University of Virginia, ] and across Grounds. One of the largest events at UVA is Springfest, hosted by the University Programs Council. It takes place every year in the spring, and features a large free concert, various inflatables, games. Another popular event and tradition is Lighting of the Lawn in the winter. Established in 2001 as a tribute to the September 11 Attacks, Lighting of the Lawn consists of a light and music show on the Lawn. Another popular event is ], a ] and social gathering that takes place nearby in ] in April, and which is annually attended by thousands of students from the University of Virginia, neighboring colleges, and local residents.<ref name="foxfield">{{cite news |url=http://www.dailyprogress.com/cdp/news/local/article/24000_plus_descend_on_foxfield_for_annual_steeplechase_social_gathering/20967/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915145603/http://www.dailyprogress.com/cdp/news/local/article/24000_plus_descend_on_foxfield_for_annual_steeplechase_social_gathering/20967/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 15, 2008 |work=Daily Progress |location=Charlottesville |date=April 27, 2008 |last=Borden |first=Jeremy |title=24,000-plus descend on Foxfield for annual steeplechase, social gathering }}</ref> | ||
] | |||
]The student life building is called Newcomb Hall. It is home to the Student Activities Center (SAC) and the Media Activities Center (MAC), where student groups can get leadership consulting and use computing and copying resources, as well as several meeting rooms for student groups. Student Council, the student self-governing body, holds meetings Tuesdays at 6 p.m. in the Newcomb South Meeting Room. Student Council, or "StudCo", also holds office hours and regular committee meetings in the newly renovated Newcomb Programs and Council (PAC) Room. The PAC also houses the University Programs Council and Class Councils. Newcomb basement is home to both the office of the independent student newspaper ''The Declaration'', '']'', and the Consortium of University Publications. | |||
The student life building is called Newcomb Hall. It is home to the Student Activities Center (SAC) and the Media Activities Center (MAC), where student groups can get leadership consulting and use computing and copying resources, as well as several meeting rooms for student groups. Student Council, the student self-governing body, holds meetings Tuesdays at 6:30 p.m. in the Newcomb South Meeting Room. Student Council, or "StudCo", also holds office hours and regular committee meetings in the newly renovated Newcomb Programs and Council (PAC) Room. The PAC also houses the University Programs Council and Class Councils. Newcomb basement is home to both the office of the independent student newspaper ''The Declaration'', '']'', and the Consortium of University Publications. | |||
In 2005, the university was named "Hottest for Fitness" by '']'' magazine,<ref>{{cite news | title = America's 25 Hot Schools | publisher = ] | date = August 2004 | url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5626574/site/newsweek/ | deadurl = no | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070903110639/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5626574/site/newsweek/ | archivedate = September 3, 2007 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> due in part to 94% of its students using one of the four indoor athletics facilities. Particularly popular is the Aquatics and Fitness Center, situated across the street from the Alderman Dorms. The University of Virginia sent more workers to the ] in 2006<ref name="Peace Corps1">{{cite web| url = http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2006.pdf| format = PDF| title = Peace Corps – Top Producing Colleges and Universities| accessdate = December 8, 2006| publisher = ]| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080227132115/http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2006.pdf| archivedate = February 27, 2008| df = mdy-all}}</ref> and 2008<ref name="Peace Corps2">{{cite web| url = http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2008.pdf| format = PDF| title = Peace Corps – Top Producing Colleges and Universities| accessdate = January 16, 2009| publisher = ]| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090115041744/http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2008.pdf| archivedate = January 15, 2009| df = mdy-all}}</ref> than any other "medium-sized" university in the United States. Volunteerism at the university is centered around Madison House which offers numerous opportunities to serve others. Among the numerous programs offered are tutoring, housing improvement, an organization called Hoos Against Hunger, which gives leftover food from restaurants to the homeless of Charlottesville rather than allowing it to be discarded, among numerous other volunteer programs. | |||
In 2005, the university was named "Hottest for Fitness" by '']'' magazine,<ref>{{cite magazine | title = America's 25 Hot Schools | magazine = ] | date = August 2004 | url = http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5626574/site/newsweek/ | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070903110639/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5626574/site/newsweek/ | archive-date = September 3, 2007 | df = mdy-all }}</ref> due in part to 94% of its students using one of the four indoor athletics facilities. Particularly popular is the Aquatics and Fitness Center, across the street from the Alderman Dorms. The University of Virginia sent more workers to the ] in 2006<ref name="Peace Corps1">{{cite web| url = http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2006.pdf| title = Peace Corps – Top Producing Colleges and Universities| access-date = December 8, 2006| publisher = ]| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080227132115/http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2006.pdf| archive-date = February 27, 2008| df = mdy-all}}</ref> and 2008<ref name="Peace Corps2">{{cite web| url = http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2008.pdf| title = Peace Corps – Top Producing Colleges and Universities| access-date = January 16, 2009| publisher = ]| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090115041744/http://www.peacecorps.gov/multimedia/pdf/stats/schools2008.pdf| archive-date = January 15, 2009| df = mdy-all}}</ref> than any other "medium-sized" university in the United States. Volunteerism at the university is centered around Madison House which offers numerous opportunities to serve others. Among the numerous programs offered are tutoring, housing improvement, an organization called Hoos Against Hunger, which gives leftover food from restaurants to the homeless of Charlottesville rather than allowing it to be discarded, among numerous other volunteer programs. Many students also choose to volunteer as emergency responders, the most common stations being Charlottesville Albemarle Rescue Squad (CARS) in the city of Charlottesville and Seminole Trail Volunteer Fire Department (STVFD) in Albemarle County.<ref name="HoosGiveBack">{{cite web| url = https://news.virginia.edu/content/local-emergency-services-attract-students-who-want-give-back| title = Local Emergency Students Attract Students Who Want to Give Back| date = August 31, 2021| access-date = January 28, 2024}}</ref> | |||
As at many universities, alcohol use is a part of the social life of many undergraduate students. Concerns particularly arose about a past trend of fourth-years consuming excessive alcohol during the day of the last home football game.<ref name="4thYear5th">{{cite web| url = http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2005/12/01/coverHighSpiritsWahoosTack.html| title = High spirits: Wahoos tackle fourth-year fifth| accessdate = December 11, 2006| publisher = | deadurl = no| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060627121634/http://readthehook.com/stories/2005/12/01/coverHighSpiritsWahoosTack.html| archivedate = June 27, 2006| df = mdy-all}}</ref> President Casteen announced a $2.5 million donation from ] to fund a new UVA-based Social Norms Institute in September 2006.<ref name="SocialNorms">{{cite web| url = http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2006/09/28/NEWS-socialnorms-A.doc.aspx| title = Busch league: UVA gets big bucks to ban binging| accessdate = December 11, 2006| publisher = | deadurl = no| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930202123/http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2006/09/28/NEWS-socialnorms-A.doc.aspx| archivedate = September 30, 2007| df = mdy-all}}</ref> A spokesman said: "the goal is to get students to emulate the positive behavior of the vast majority of students". On the other hand, the university was ranked first in '']'''s 2012 list of Top 10 Party Schools based on ratings of sex, sports, and ].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.playboy.com/playground/view/top-10-party-schools| title = Top 10 Party Schools| accessdate = September 26, 2012| publisher = '']''| deadurl = yes| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120927031710/http://www.playboy.com/playground/view/top-10-party-schools| archivedate = September 27, 2012| df = mdy-all}}</ref> | |||
As at many universities, alcohol use is a part of the social life of many undergraduate students. In 2005, concerns particularly arose about fourth-years consuming excessive alcohol during the day of the last home football game.<ref name="4thYear5th">{{cite web| url = http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2005/12/01/coverHighSpiritsWahoosTack.html| title = High spirits: Wahoos tackle fourth-year fifth| access-date = December 11, 2006| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060627121634/http://readthehook.com/stories/2005/12/01/coverHighSpiritsWahoosTack.html| archive-date = June 27, 2006| df = mdy-all}}</ref> President Casteen then announced a $2.5 million donation from ] to fund a new UVA-based Social Norms Institute in September 2006.<ref name="SocialNorms">{{cite web| url = http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2006/09/28/NEWS-socialnorms-A.doc.aspx| title = Busch league: UVA gets big bucks to ban binging| access-date = December 11, 2006| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930202123/http://www.readthehook.com/stories/2006/09/28/NEWS-socialnorms-A.doc.aspx| archive-date = September 30, 2007| df = mdy-all}}</ref> A spokesman said: "the goal is to get students to emulate the positive behavior of the vast majority of students". On the other hand, the university was ranked first in '']''{{'}}s 2012 list of Top 10 Party Schools based on ratings of sex, sports, and ].<ref>{{cite magazine| url = http://www.playboy.com/playground/view/top-10-party-schools| title = Top 10 Party Schools| access-date = September 26, 2012| magazine = ]| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120927031710/http://www.playboy.com/playground/view/top-10-party-schools| archive-date = September 27, 2012| df = mdy-all}}</ref> | |||
===Greek life=== | |||
{{main article|University of Virginia Greek life}} | |||
===Fraternities and sororities=== | |||
]'s "jam sessions" would last for entire nights while he was a UVA student]] | |||
{{Main|Fraternities and sororities at University of Virginia}} | |||
The University of Virginia has a number of ] on campus, encompassing the traditional social fraternities and sororities as well as coeducational ], ], and ]. Social life at the university was originally dominated by debating societies.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Patton|first1=John|title=Jefferson, Cabell, and the University of Virginia|publisher=Neale Publishing Company|location=New York |page=235|url=https://books.google.com/?id=KsI3AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA235&vq=edgar+mason&dq=%22jefferson+society%22+cabell+patton#v=onepage&q=edgar%20mason&f=false|year=1906}}</ref> The first fraternity chapter founded at UVA was ] in 1852, and it was quickly followed by many more; the University of Virginia was the birthplace of two national fraternities, ] and ], which exist at the university to this day.<ref name="dabney cw">{{cite book|last1=Dabney|first1=Virginius|title=Mr. Jefferson's University: A History|date=1981|publisher=University of Virginia Press|location=Charlottesville, VA|page=20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301|title=Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities|publisher=|accessdate=June 29, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906013434/https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301|archivedate=September 6, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities|publisher=|accessdate=June 29, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906013434/https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301#v=onepage&q&f=false|archivedate=September 6, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Through the twentieth century, the Greek system at UVA evolved to encompass social sororities, professional fraternities and sororities, service fraternities, honor societies, black fraternities and sororities, and multicultural fraternities and sororities. Roughly 30% of the student body are members of social Greek organizations, with additional students involved with service, professional, and honor fraternities.<ref name="fsl brochure">{{cite web|title=Fraternity and Sorority Life at the University of Virginia, 2014-2015|url=http://www.virginia.edu/fsl/wp-content/uploads/FINAL-2014-2015-FSL-Brochure.pdf|publisher=University of Virginia Office of the Dean of Students|accessdate=April 30, 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623003150/http://www.virginia.edu/fsl/wp-content/uploads/FINAL-2014-2015-FSL-Brochure.pdf|archivedate=June 23, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref> ] occur in the spring semester for most organizations. Three social fraternities hold reserved rooms on the Lawn.<ref name="Lawn rooms">{{cite web|title=Lawn Application: Application FAQs|url=http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/lawnapplication/applicationfaqs.html|accessdate=May 1, 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414005532/http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/lawnapplication/applicationfaqs.html|archivedate=April 14, 2015|df=mdy-all}}</ref> | |||
The University of Virginia has a number of ] on campus, encompassing the traditional social fraternities and sororities as well as coeducational ], ], and ]. Social life at the university was originally dominated by debating societies.<ref>{{cite book|last=Patton|first=John|title=Jefferson, Cabell, and the University of Virginia|publisher=Neale Publishing Company|location=New York, NY |page= |url = https://archive.org/details/jeffersoncabell01pattgoog |quote=edgar mason.|year=1906}}</ref> The first fraternity chapter founded at UVA was ] in 1852, and it was quickly followed by many more; the University of Virginia was the birthplace of two national fraternities, ] and ], which exist at the university as of 2023.<ref name="dabney cw">{{cite book|last=Dabney|first=Virginius |title = Mr. Jefferson's University: A History |year=1981|publisher=University of Virginia Press|location=Charlottesville, VA |page = 20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301|title=Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities |year=1920 |access-date=June 29, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150906013434/https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301 |archive-date=September 6, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301 |title=Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities |year=1920 |access-date=June 29, 2015 |url-status=live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150906013434/https://books.google.com/books?id=2iErAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA301 |archive-date=September 6, 2015 }}</ref> | |||
Through the twentieth century, the roles of these organizations on campus expanded to encompass social sororities, professional fraternities and sororities, service fraternities, honor societies, black fraternities and sororities, and multicultural fraternities and sororities. Roughly 30% of the student body are members of social fraternities and sororities, while additional students are involved with service, professional, and honor fraternities.<ref name="fsl brochure">{{cite web |title=Fraternity and Sorority Life at the University of Virginia, 2014–2015 |url = http://www.virginia.edu/fsl/wp-content/uploads/FINAL-2014-2015-FSL-Brochure.pdf |publisher=University of Virginia Office of the Dean of Students |access-date=April 30, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150623003150/http://www.virginia.edu/fsl/wp-content/uploads/FINAL-2014-2015-FSL-Brochure.pdf |archive-date=June 23, 2015 }}</ref> ] occur in the spring semester for most Greek organizations. Kappa Sigma and the ] hold reserved rooms on the Lawn, while Pi Kappa Alpha holds the only undergraduate room on the Range.<ref name="Lawn rooms">{{cite web |title=Lawn Application: Application FAQs |url = http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/lawnapplication/applicationfaqs.html |access-date=May 1, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150414005532/http://www.virginia.edu/deanofstudents/lawnapplication/applicationfaqs.html |archive-date=April 14, 2015 }}</ref> | |||
===Transportation=== | ===Transportation=== | ||
] at the ] (])]] | |||
] is located just {{convert|0.6|miles|km}} from the University of Virginia, and ] ] passenger trains serve Charlottesville on three routes: the ] (] to ]), ] (] to New York City), and '']'' (Virginia to ]). The long-haul ''Cardinal'' operates three times a week, while the ''Crescent'' and ''Northeast Regional'' both run daily. ], {{convert|8|miles|km}} away, has nonstop flights to Chicago, New York, ], ], and ]. The larger ] is {{convert|77|miles|km}} to the southeast, and the still larger ] is {{convert|99|miles|km}} to the northeast. The ] offers direct express bus service from Charlottesville to New York City, and ] and ], both major highways, are frequently trafficked. | |||
A set of bus lines operated by the university's University Transit Service connect different parts of the UVA Grounds with adjacent parking facilities. This is complemented by a set of bus lines operated by ] that connect the University of Virginia with other parts of Charlottesville. The ] maintains the roads through the university grounds as ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.virginiadot.org/info/resources/route-index-07012003.pdf |title=Virginia Route Index |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701135847/http://www.virginiadot.org/info/resources/route-index-07012003.pdf |archive-date=July 1, 2015 }} {{small|(239 KB)}}, revised July 1, 2003</ref> | |||
] is just {{convert|0.6|miles|km}} from UVA, and from there ] passenger trains serve Charlottesville on three routes: the ] (Chicago to New York City), ] (] to New York City), and '']'' (Virginia to ]). The long-haul ''Cardinal'' operates three times a week, while the ''Crescent'' and ''Northeast Regional'' both run daily. ], {{convert|8|miles|km}} away, has nonstop flights to Chicago, New York, ], ], and ]. The larger ] is {{convert|77|miles|km}} to the southeast, and the still larger ] is {{convert|99|miles|km}} to the northeast. They are accessible via ] and ], respectively, both of which are major highways and frequently trafficked. | |||
] began serving Charlottesville with inexpensive direct express routes to and from Washington, D.C. in 2018.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426215424/https://www.nbc29.com/story/39251023/megabus-to-begin-express-service-from-charlottesville-to-dc |date=April 26, 2019 }}, accessed April 26, 2019</ref> Megabus also runs up to four trips per day from Charlottesville to New York City with several stops between.<ref name=MegaNY> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427151042/https://us.megabus.com/route-guides/charlottesville-to-new-york-bus |date=April 27, 2019 }}, accessed April 27, 2019</ref> Like the trains, the Megabus stop is at the nearby Amtrak station.<ref name=MegaNY /> | |||
==Athletics== | ==Athletics== | ||
{{main |
{{main|Virginia Cavaliers}} | ||
Virginia has ranked near the top of collegiate athletics programs in recent years. In 2015 and 2019, UVA won the nationwide ] for overall men's sports excellence.<ref name=19Cup /> The teams and athletes representing Virginia in ] have been dubbed the ''Cavaliers'' ], predating the NBA's ] by nearly half a century. | |||
The Cavaliers lead the 15-team ] in NCAA championships for men's sports with 18, and are second in women's sports with seven.<ref>See ]: UVA has 17, Syracuse has 13, Notre Dame and North Carolina have 11, and Duke has 9. Each of these schools has non-NCAA titles as well.</ref> They have been the Cavaliers ], predating the NBA's ] by five decades, and have competed in the ACC since 1953. The Athletic Director is ], the first ] to hold that position anywhere in the ACC when hired in August 2001. Since then, UVA has added many significant hires who have demonstrated success near the top of their respective sports, including ], ], ], Augie Busch, and ], who led UVA men's tennis to an undefeated run of 140–0 in ACC matches spanning more than an entire decade (2006–2016), unprecedented in any sport.<ref>, accessed March 6, 2016</ref> Among coaches who have longer tenures, ] has won two NCAA men's soccer national titles since 2009. Steve Swanson has led women's soccer teams to six ACC titles and 24 consecutive winning seasons. Kevin Sauer has led UVA women's rowing to two NCAA titles since 2010 and nine consecutive Top 6 national finishes as of 2015. | |||
In 2019, ] won the NCAA Championship in ], the single-elimination national ] tournament considered by '']'' polled American viewers (as of the same year) to be the most exciting ] event.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428132855/https://www.newsweek.com/final-four-ncaa-march-madness-super-bowl-nba-finals-1385983 |date=April 28, 2019 }}, accessed April 28, 2019</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428133707/https://today.yougov.com/topics/sports/articles-reports/2019/04/01/march-madness-final-four-exciting-event |date=April 28, 2019 }}, accessed April 28, 2019</ref> In 2015, when Virginia first won its first Capital One Cup its teams won the ], the ], and the ]. When it repeated the feat in 2019, the program won both the March Madness tournament and the ]. | |||
UVA has ranked near the top of NCAA collegiate programs in recent years. In 2015, Virginia won the ] for the best overall program in men's sports after its teams won the ], the ], and the ]. UVA ranks similarly high nationally in the yearly ] combined men's and women's standings: taking third place nationally in 2009–10, and finishing fourth in 2013–14. | |||
Virginia's athletics director is Carla Williams, the first African American woman to hold the position at any ] university. The previous athletics director was ], the first African American to have that title in the ACC. He held the position for sixteen years and, under his leadership, UVA added many significant hires who have demonstrated success near the top of their respective sports, including recent NCAA Champions ], ], ], and Todd DeSorbo, as well as former football coach ]. Among coaches who have longer tenures, ] has won two NCAA men's soccer national titles since 2009. Steve Swanson has led women's soccer teams to six ACC titles and 24 consecutive winning seasons. Kevin Sauer has led UVA women's rowing to two NCAA titles since 2010. | |||
] | |||
] | |||
===Championships=== | ===Championships=== | ||
In the 21st century alone, UVA |
In the 21st century alone, UVA teams have won 18 NCAA championships. The men's teams have won NCAA titles in basketball (2019); lacrosse (2003, 2006, 2011, 2019, and 2021); baseball (2015); soccer (2009 and 2014); and tennis (2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2022, and 2023). UVA women have won recent NCAA titles in rowing (2010 and 2012) and swimming & diving (2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024). The Cavaliers rank ] (a ]) with 23 men's NCAA Championships, and rank second in the conference with 11 women's NCAA Championships. | ||
Under ] the ] have experienced a basketball renaissance, winning the ], winning the ] of 2014 (over Duke) and 2018 (over North Carolina), and winning regular-season championships in 2014, 2015, 2018, and 2019. UVA became the third program in ACC history to win 30 or more games in consecutive seasons and ] is considered one of the more intimidating trips for opposing teams to make. The women's basketball program fell just short of its own NCAA Championship in 1990, losing the Championship Game in overtime. | |||
The ACC is particularly known for ], often being called the nation's best basketball conference.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214925/http://espn.go.com/espn/dickvitale/story/_/id/11790975/dick-vitale-rates-acc-best-conference-college-basketball |date=March 3, 2016 }}, accessed February 22, 2016</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323234030/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaab/2015/01/27/college-basketball-caucus-which-is-the-best-conference/22402311/ |date=March 23, 2016 }}, accessed February 22, 2016</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024426/http://www.cbssports.com/collegebasketball/eye-on-college-basketball/25118100/observations-acc-makes-its-case-as-college-hoops-best-conference |date=March 4, 2016 }}, accessed February 22, 2016</ref> Under ] the Cavaliers have experienced a renaissance, winning back-to-back ACC regular season titles in 2014 and 2015, and dispatching Duke for the ]. UVA has become just the third ACC program, after Duke and UNC, to win 30 games in two consecutive seasons. | |||
The ] and ] programs are two of the most dominant in the history of the sport, winning ten of UVA's twenty-nine NCAA Championships between them and two more (for a total of 11 recognized national championships) before NCAA oversight began. 2019 and 2021 NCAA champion men's head coach ] has brought UVA back to prominence after ] retired as the all-time ACC leader in men's lacrosse wins. All three UVA head coaches in the position prior to Tiffany still rank (as of 2019) in ] of career wins. Three-time NCAA champion head coach Julie Myers leads women's lacrosse and under her guidance, Virginia is the only program to qualify for 24 straight NCAA tournament berths as of 2019.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017041618/https://virginiasports.com/coach/julie-myers/ |date=October 17, 2022 }}, accessed May 15, 2019</ref> | |||
The baseball team under ] has also experienced tremendous success. UVA finished as national Runners Up in the ] and came back to win the ]. His teams have made the NCAA Tournament in all twelve of his years coaching at Virginia as of 2015. | |||
The ] team under ] has also experienced tremendous success. UVA finished as national runners-up in the ] and came back to win the ]. Virginia has hosted five NCAA Super Regional tournament events at ]. | |||
The ] program won "three-peat" NCAA Championships in 2015–2017 after winning the Cavaliers' first in 2013. The team won back-to-back championships in 2022 and 2023. The program has regularly featured international talent combined with locally grown high school tennis talent from Virginia (often ]).<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820114155/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-state-of-nova/post/nova-tennis-stars-may-be-americas-future-hope/2011/05/09/AFBmXSeG_blog.html |date=August 20, 2020 }}, accessed May 15, 2019</ref> | |||
The University of Virginia women's cross country team won the 1981 and 1982 ] as well as the DI Indoor Championships.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mi.milesplit.com/meets/179715-ncaa-di-indoor-championships/results/312967/raw|title=NCAA DI Indoor Championships – Results (Raw)|website=MileSplit Michigan|access-date=July 26, 2020|archive-date=July 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727075846/https://mi.milesplit.com/meets/179715-ncaa-di-indoor-championships/results/312967/raw|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
The women's ] team won its first NCAA Championship in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 20, 2021|title=Virginia Wins 2021 NCAA Women's Swimming & Diving Championship|url=https://virginiasports.com/news/2021/03/20/virginia-wins-2021-ncaa-womens-swimming-diving-championship/|access-date=March 23, 2021|website=Virginia Sports|archive-date=March 23, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323100114/https://virginiasports.com/news/2021/03/20/virginia-wins-2021-ncaa-womens-swimming-diving-championship/|url-status=live}}</ref> The women repeated the feat in both 2022<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 19, 2022|title=Virginia Wins Second Consecutive NCAA Women's Swimming & Diving Championship|url=https://virginiasports.com/news/2022/03/19/virginia-wins-second-consecutive-ncaa-womens-swimming-diving-championship/}}</ref> and 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 19, 2023|title=Virginia Wins Third Straight NCAA Women's Swimming & Diving Championship|url=https://virginiasports.com/news/2023/03/19/virginia-wins-third-straight-ncaa-womens-swimming-diving-championship/}}</ref> | |||
===Rivalries=== | ===Rivalries=== | ||
Official ACC designated rivalry games include the ] and the |
Official ACC designated rivalry games include the ] and the Virginia–] series. These two rivalries are guaranteed an annual game in all sports, and a home-and-away series in men's and women's basketball. The Cavaliers competed against the Hokies in the '']'' and more recently competed in the ''Commonwealth Clash'', under new rules, for many sports in which they compete head-to-head. The Cavaliers went 2–0 against the Hokies in the ''Challenge'' and 3–2 in the ''Clash'' (5–2 overall). Perhaps the two most significant rivalry games played between the Cavaliers and Hokies were both in men's basketball, on March 1, 2007, and January 15, 2019. In the former, the two teams met with identical 10–4 ACC records and the winner would clinch a share of the regular-season conference championship. UVA won the game 69–56 and took their fifth ] ACC titles. In the latter, No. 4 UVA beat No. 9 Virginia Tech 81–59 in the only meeting between two AP Top 10 teams in the rivalry's history. | ||
] has winning |
] has a winning record ] of ].]] | ||
The ACC is often regarded as the best college basketball conference,<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015003042/https://www.ncaa.com/news/basketball-men/article/2017-01-26/college-basketball-numbers-look-why-acc-toughest-conference |date=October 15, 2018 }}, accessed October 14, 2018</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015003045/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/22/sports/ncaabasketball/acc-basketball-ncaa-tournament.html |date=October 15, 2018 }}, accessed October 14, 2018</ref><ref>, accessed February 22, 2016</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323234030/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ncaab/2015/01/27/college-basketball-caucus-which-is-the-best-conference/22402311/ |date=March 23, 2016 }}, accessed February 22, 2016</ref><ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304024426/http://www.cbssports.com/collegebasketball/eye-on-college-basketball/25118100/observations-acc-makes-its-case-as-college-hoops-best-conference |date=March 4, 2016 }}, accessed February 22, 2016</ref> and UVA leads the series in its official ACC basketball rivalries: against Virginia Tech 96–56, and Louisville 15–4, {{as of|2019|lc=y}}. A budding but lopsided series between Virginia's ] and Louisville's ] saw Bennett win 5 of 6 games before Pitino's ] career ] at Louisville. Other notable ] include those against North Carolina and Maryland. Notably the ] championship game where ] had his team of future NBA stars (such as ] and ]) hold the ball for seven minutes, against a Virginia team featuring ], led to the advent of the ] and the ]. The Maryland rivalry is now mostly dormant, but was reignited for the 2014 and 2018 editions of the ], with both Challenges won by the Cavaliers on the road in College Park. | |||
UVA reigns clearly supreme in its official ACC basketball rivalries, leading Virginia Tech 90–55, and Louisville 10–4 as of 2017. A budding but lopsided series between UVA coach ] and ] saw Bennett win 5 out of 6 games between them before the latter's ] career ] at Louisville. | |||
], as one of the all-time great NCAA programs, has a championship rivalry with fellow ACC program Syracuse (the Cavaliers and Orange holding 18 NCAA Championships between them) as well as rivalries against Big Ten programs Johns Hopkins and Maryland. The Syracuse and Johns Hopkins rivalries are played out at least once each season (Syracuse played ''twice'' in 2021<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211025622/https://virginiasports.com/sports/mlax/schedule/ |date=February 11, 2021 }}. University of Virginia, January 2021. Accessed February 15, 2021.</ref>) with the teams often finding themselves facing off a second or third time in the ACC and NCAA tournaments. ], also a multi-NCAA Championship program, maintains several of those same rivalries. | |||
In addition to these, the Virginia football team competes in the ] against ], an old and historic rivalry game which a sitting President of the United States, ], made time to attend in Charlottesville in 1924. UVA currently trails in the long series against both North Carolina and Virginia Tech however, a lasting vestige of the period when ] de-emphasized football and turned down a bid to the ] at a time when ] was attaining national top 10 rankings for Virginia football and regularly beating both of its primary rivals by scores such as 34–7 and 44–0. The 1960s and 1970s were thus particularly dark decades for the football program, which later experienced a resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s under ]. Coach Welsh led the program to most of its bowl bids beginning with the very first it was able to accept, the ]. Welsh, who even attained several AP No. 1 rankings for the program throughout October 1990, is now a member of the ] after ranking second for most wins in ACC history behind ] of Florida State.<ref>, accessed December 3, 2017</ref> In a historic rivalry between two legendary coaches, Welsh finished two games up in his head-to-head series against Virginia Tech coach ], 8 wins to 6. He was also downright dominant against UNC in the South's Oldest Rivalry, finishing 13–5–1, including a perfect 10–0 record against North Carolina at ]. | |||
The Virginia football team competes against North Carolina in the ], a historic football rivalry game which a sitting President of the United States, ], made time to attend in Charlottesville in 1924. The 1960s and 1970s were particularly dark decades for the football program, which later experienced a resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s under ]. Coach Welsh led the program to its first bowl bids starting with the ]. Welsh, who even reached AP No. 1 rankings for Virginia in October 1990, is a member of the ] after compiling the second-most wins in ACC history after ].<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204222943/https://www.fromtherumbleseat.com/2010/7/22/1578527/acc-history-in-numbers-coaching |date=December 4, 2017 }}, accessed December 3, 2017</ref> In a historic rivalry between two legendary coaches, Welsh finished two games up in the head-to-head series against Virginia Tech coach ], 8–6. He was also dominant against UNC in the South's Oldest Rivalry, finishing 13–5–1, including a perfect 10–0 record against North Carolina at ]. | |||
===Sponsorship=== | |||
The Cavaliers are sponsored by ], from which the program receives $3.5 million per year.<ref>, accessed August 13, 2015</ref> | |||
== |
===Sponsorship=== | ||
In 2015, The Cavaliers negotiated a 10-year sponsorship deal with ], from which the program receives $3.5 million per year.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522171023/http://www.dailyprogress.com/cavalierinsider/virginia-signs-lucrative-extension-with-nike/article_2e35d66a-41e7-11e5-8778-d7c82ebaabd0.html |date=May 22, 2017 }}, accessed August 13, 2015</ref> | |||
{{main article|List of University of Virginia people}} | |||
== |
== People == | ||
{{Main article|List of University of Virginia people|List of University of Virginia School of Law alumni}} | |||
=== Faculty === | |||
{{Main category|University of Virginia faculty}} | |||
Faculty were originally housed in the ] among the students, serving as both instructors and advisors, continuing on to include the McCormick Road Old Dorms, though this has been phased out in favor of undergraduate student resident advisors (RAs). Several of the faculty, however, continue the university tradition of living on Grounds, either on the Lawn in the various Pavilions, or as fellows at one of three residential colleges (], ], and the ]). | Faculty were originally housed in the ] among the students, serving as both instructors and advisors, continuing on to include the McCormick Road Old Dorms, though this has been phased out in favor of undergraduate student resident advisors (RAs). Several of the faculty, however, continue the university tradition of living on Grounds, either on the Lawn in the various Pavilions, or as fellows at one of three residential colleges (], ], and the ]). | ||
The university's faculty includes a ] and ] winner and former ], an awardee of the ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=3421|title=Spanish Professor David T. Gies is Awarded One of Spain's Highest Honors|work=UVA Today| |
The university's faculty includes a ] and ] winner and former ], an awardee of the ],<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=3421 |title = Spanish Professor David T. Gies is Awarded One of Spain's Highest Honors |work=UVA Today |access-date = November 26, 2014 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://archive.today/20120630101654/http://www.virginia.edu/uvatoday/newsRelease.php?id=3421 |archive-date = June 30, 2012 }}</ref> 25 ], 26 ] fellows, six ] fellows, two ] winners, three ] winners, three ] Award winners, and a winner of the 2005 ].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.virginia.edu/topnews/10_04_2005/marshall_barry.html |title = U.Va. Top News Daily |access-date = June 29, 2015 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100404004717/http://www.virginia.edu/topnews/10_04_2005/marshall_barry.html |archive-date = April 4, 2010 }}</ref> Physics professor James McCarthy was the lead academic liaison to the government in the establishment of ], and the university has also participated in ], ], ], and ]. On March 19, 1986, the university's ], <code>VIRGINIA.EDU</code>, became the first registration under the <code>]</code> ] originating from the ] of ] on what would become the ].<ref>{{cite web |title = University of Virginia – virginia.edu |publisher = Alexa Internet, Inc. |url = http://www.alexa.com/data/details/main?q=virginia.edu&url=virginia.edu |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220812161523/https://www.alexa.com/data/details/main?q=virginia.edu&url=virginia.edu |url-status = dead |archive-date = August 12, 2022 |access-date = January 9, 2007 }}</ref> | ||
] has, according to '']'' and '']'', become the most-cited professor in the country by national and regional news organizations, both on the Internet and in print.<ref name=Sabato> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618213954/http://www.centerforpolitics.org/about/staff_sabato.htm |date=June 18, 2006 }}. Retrieved June 23, 2006.</ref> Civil rights activist ], a professor in the Corcoran Department of History from 1990 to 2012, was the chairman of the ] from 1998 to 2009 and was chosen to host the Nobel Laureates conference in 1998. | |||
] has been honored as the ] and awarded the ] and ].]] | |||
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] has, according to '']'' and '']'', become the most-cited professor in the country by national and regional news organizations, both on the Internet and in print.<ref name=Sabato>. Retrieved June 23, 2006.</ref> Civil rights activist ], a professor in the Corcoran Department of History from 1990 to 2012, was the Chairman of the ] from 1998 to 2009 and was chosen to host the Nobel Laureates conference in 1998. | |||
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| caption1 = ]<br>Founder of the ]; ] | |||
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===Alumni=== | |||
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{{as of|December 2014}}, the University of Virginia has 221,000 living graduates.<ref name="alumni-study"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008194810/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-393723783.html |date=October 8, 2016 }}, accessed September 28, 2016</ref> According to a study by researchers at the Darden School and Stanford University, UVA alumni have founded over 65,000 companies which have employed 2.3 million people worldwide with annual global revenues of $1.6 trillion.<ref name="alumni-study" /> Extrapolated numbers show companies founded by UVA alumni have created 371,000 jobs in the state of Virginia alone.<ref name="alumni-study" /> The relatively small amount that the Commonwealth gives UVA for support was determined by the study to have a tremendous ] for the state.<ref name="alumni-study" /> | |||
| alt2 = | |||
] coin<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.usmint.gov/mint_programs/commemoratives/index.cfm?action=RFKennedy |title=The United States Mint |publisher=Usmint.gov |date= |accessdate=2016-11-14 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193827/http://www.usmint.gov/mint_programs/commemoratives/index.cfm?action=RFKennedy |archivedate=March 3, 2016 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> featuring ], LAW 1951]] | |||
| caption2 = ]<br>Co-founder of ]; Chairman of the ] | |||
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Eight ] astronauts and launch directors are UVA alumni: ], ], ], ], ], ], ]; and ]. | |||
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| caption3 = ]<br>Founder of ]; ] | |||
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The ] has been awarded to eight UVA alumni: ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ]. | |||
| image4 = Rita dove in 2004.jpg | |||
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| caption4 = ]<br>First African American ]; ] | |||
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Fifty-three ]s have graduated from UVA.<ref name=RhodesUVA2016> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121114608/https://news.virginia.edu/content/two-uva-fourth-years-net-rhodes-scholarships |date=November 21, 2016 }}, retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> This is the most from any state-supported university, the most from any public or private university in the ], and the eighth-most overall, placing UVA between ] at 55, and the ] at 50)<ref name=Rhodes2016> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221145840/http://www.rhodesscholar.org/assets/uploads/RS_Number%20of%20Winners%20by%20Institution_1_15_16.pdf |date=February 21, 2016 }}, retrieved February 19, 2016.</ref> | |||
| image5 = Carl Van Vechten - William Faulkner (greyscale and cropped).jpg | |||
UVA's alumni ranks also include others who have achieved widespread fame: ] pioneer ]; polar explorer ]; scientists ], ], ], ], and ]; artists ] and ]; musicians ] and ]; self-made billionaire ]; national news anchors ] and ]; actors ] and ]; Team USA Olympic team captains ], ], and ]; and NBA All-Star MVP ]. <!-- Only truly famous, household names go on the list on this page. --> | |||
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| caption5 = ]<br>] and ] | |||
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Famous government leaders include ] ] ]; United States President and Nobel Laureate ]; U.S. Speaker of the House ]; widely known United States Senators ], ], and ]; the first ] Chief Justice of the ], ]; the ] Justices ], ], and ]; and President of the Supreme Court of Israel ]. | |||
| image6 = Larry_Sabato.jpg | |||
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| caption6 = ]<br>Founder of ] and '']'' | |||
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Fourteen ] are UVA alumni: ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ]. | |||
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| caption7 = ]<br>Associate Justice of the ] | |||
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Fourteen Governors of other U.S. states and territories, as well: ], ], and ] (Arkansas), ] (Arizona), ] (Connecticut), ] (Delaware), ] (Florida), ] (Indiana), ] (Kentucky), ] (Louisiana), ] (Maryland), ] (South Carolina), ] (West Virginia), and ] (Puerto Rico). | |||
| image8 = KathrynThornton.jpg | |||
<!-- No state gov't office holders other than Governors are listed on this page. No U.S. Representatives are listed here short of the U.S. Speaker of the House. No military leaders who have never held higher office. Only national household name U.S. Senators are listed here. --> | |||
| alt8 = | |||
| caption8 = ]<br>]; former recordholder for most ]s by a woman | |||
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| header = Famous current and former UVA faculty and staff in residence | |||
{{Portal|University|Virginia}} | |||
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=== Alumni === | |||
{{See main|List of University of Virginia people}} | |||
<!-- Only truly famous, household names go on the list on this page. --> | |||
{{As of|December 2014}}, the University of Virginia has 221,000 living graduates.<ref name="alumni-study"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008194810/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-393723783.html |date=October 8, 2016 }}, accessed September 28, 2016</ref> According to a study by researchers at the Darden School and Stanford University, UVA alumni have founded over 65,000 companies which have employed 2.3 million people worldwide with annual global revenues of $1.6 trillion.<ref name="alumni-study" /> Extrapolated numbers show companies founded by UVA alumni have created 371,000 jobs in the state of Virginia alone.<ref name="alumni-study" /> The relatively small amount that the Commonwealth gives UVA for support was determined by the study to have a tremendous ] for the state.<ref name="alumni-study" /> | |||
]s are international postgraduate awards given to students to study at the ]. Since the scholarship program began in 1904, UVA has had fifty-five ]s,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kelly |first1=Matt |title=Two UVA Fourth Years Net Rhodes Scholarships |url=https://news.virginia.edu/content/two-uva-fourth-years-net-rhodes-scholarships |website=UVA Today |date=November 20, 2016 |publisher=University of Virginia |access-date=July 19, 2021 |archive-date=November 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121114608/https://news.virginia.edu/content/two-uva-fourth-years-net-rhodes-scholarships |url-status=live }}</ref> the most of any university in the ], eighth-most overall, and third-most outside the ] (behind ] and the ] (West Point)).<ref name="Rhodes2021"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412210509/https://www.rhodeshouse.ox.ac.uk/media/45775/2021-rs_number-of-winners-by-institution.pdf|date=April 12, 2021}}, accessed July 29, 2021</ref> | |||
Eight ] astronauts and launch directors are UVA alumni: ], ], ], ], ], ], ]; and ]. | |||
The ] has been awarded to eight UVA alumni: ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ]. | |||
Government leaders include 28th President of the United States ] (who attended before transferring), former ] and ] ]; ] ] ]; ] ]; widely known United States Senators ], ], and ]; first ] Chief Justice of the ] ]; ] Vice Chancellor ]; ] Justices ], ], and ]; President of the Supreme Court of Israel, ]; and Premier and President of the ], ]. | |||
Thirty U.S. state or U.S. territorial Governors have graduated from UVA, including fifteen ],{{efn|Alumni who became Governor of Virginia include ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].}} and fifteen Governors of other U.S. states and territories as well.{{efn|Alumni who became Governor of another U.S. state or territory include ], ], and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (Florida), ] (]), ] and ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), ] (]), and ] (]).}} <!-- No state gov't office holders other than Governors are listed on this page. No U.S. Representatives are listed here short of the U.S. Speaker of the House. No military leaders who have never held higher office. Only national household name U.S. Senators are listed here. --> | |||
UVA's alumni ranks also include others who have achieved widespread fame: ] pioneer ]; polar explorer ]; scientists ], ], ], ], and ]; artists ] and ]; musicians ] and ]; self-made billionaire ]; national news anchors ] and ]; actors ] and ]; Team USA Olympic team captains ], ], and ]; NBA ] ] and the NBA's eighth ever ] shooter ]; two-time ] champions ], ] and ]; and voice actor ]. | |||
<!-- Pictures should only reflect only the few from the very height of accomplishment. Careful to not overweight law school or politics-oriented alums versus the rest of the university and/or occupational sectors. Pictures for other notable alumni can be inserted on ]. Alumni are displayed alphabetically by last name. -->{{multiple image | |||
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| caption5 = ]<br>(B.A., 1900)<br>1st Chinese ambassador to the ]; Premier and acting President of ] | |||
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| caption7 = ]<br>(Law, '73)<br>6th ]; author of the ] | |||
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| image8 = Alexis Ohanian - 2019.jpg | |||
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| caption8 = ]<br>(B.A./B.S., '05)<br>Co-founder (with UVA roommate ]) of ] | |||
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=== Enslaved laborers === | |||
{{See also|Memorial to Enslaved Laborers}} | |||
* ] | |||
=== Fictional alumni === | |||
* ], character in '']'' by ] | |||
* ], character in '']'' by ] | |||
* ], portrayed by ], and ], portrayed by ], on '']'' | |||
* ], protagonist of the novels '']'' and '']'' by ], and the film adaptations '']'', portrayed by ], and '']'', portrayed by ] | |||
* ], portrayed by ], on '']'' | |||
== See also == | |||
{{Portal|Virginia}} | |||
* ] | * ] | ||
* ] | * ] | ||
* ] | |||
==Notes== | == Notes == | ||
{{ |
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{{notelist}} | |||
==References== | == References == | ||
'''Bibliography''' | |||
* {{cite book |last=Abernethy |first=Thomas Perkins |title=Historical Sketch of the University of Virginia |location=Richmond |publisher=Dietz Press |year=1948}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Addis |first=Cameron |title=Jefferson's Vision for Education, 1760–1845 |location=New York |publisher=] |year=2003 |isbn=0-8204-5755-8}} | |||
* {{Cite thesis |last=Barker |first=David Michael |title=Thomas Jefferson and the Founding of the University of Virginia |type=Ph.D. |publisher=University of Illinois |year=2000}} | |||
* Boyle, Sarah Patton (1962). ''The Desegregated Heart: A Virginian's Stand in a Time of Transition''. New York: William Morrow & Company. | |||
* {{cite book |authorlink=Philip Alexander Bruce |last=Bruce |first=Philip Alexander |title=History of the University of Virginia, 1819–1919: The Lengthening Shadow of One Man |edition=five vol. |location=New York |publisher=]|year=1920–22}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Dabney |first=Virginius |authorlink=Virginius Dabney |title=Mr. Jefferson's University: A History |location=Charlottesville |publisher=] |year=1981 |isbn=0-8139-0904-X}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Hein |first=David |title=Noble Powell and the Episcopal Establishment in the Twentieth Century |location=] |publisher=] |year=2001 |isbn=0-252-02643-8}} Chapter two covers student and faculty life at the University of Virginia in the 1920s, when Powell was ''de facto'' chaplain to the University. | |||
* {{cite book |last=Hitchcock |first=Susan Tyler |title=The University of Virginia: A Pictorial History |location=Charlottesville |publisher=University of Virginia Press |year=1999 |isbn=0-8139-1902-9}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Mapp |first=Alf J. |title=Thomas Jefferson: Passionate Pilgrim |location=] |publisher=Madison Books |year=1991 |isbn=0-8191-8053-X}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Waggoner |first=Jennings L. |url=https://books.google.com/?id=d8X8xP-fLVUC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Jefferson+and+Education |title=Jefferson and Education |location=] |publisher=] |year=2004 |isbn=1-882886-24-0}} | |||
== |
=== Citations === | ||
{{reflist}} | |||
== Further reading == | |||
{{refbegin}} | |||
* {{cite book |author-link = Philip Alexander Bruce |last=Bruce |first=Philip Alexander |title = History of the University of Virginia, 1819–1919: The Lengthening Shadow of One Man |edition=five vol. |location=New York |publisher=] |year=1920–1922 }} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Dabney |first=Virginius |author-link = Virginius Dabney |title=Mr. Jefferson's University: A History |location=Charlottesville, VA |publisher=] |year=1981 |isbn=0-8139-0904-X |url=https://archive.org/details/mrjeffersonsuniv0000dabn_a3g0}} | |||
* {{cite book |last=Mapp |first=Alf J. |title = Thomas Jefferson: Passionate Pilgrim |location=] |publisher=Madison Books |year=1991 |isbn=0-8191-8053-X |url-access=registration |url = https://archive.org/details/thomasjeffersonp00mapp }} | |||
* Ragosta, John A.; Peter S. Onuf, and Andrew J. O'Shaughnessy (eds.) (2019), ''The Founding of Thomas Jefferson's University.'' Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press. | |||
{{refend}} | |||
== External links == | |||
{{Wikiquote}} | |||
{{Commons}} | {{Commons}} | ||
* {{Official website}} | * {{Official website}} | ||
* – a ] Teaching with Historic Places lesson plan | |||
* | |||
* - a ] Teaching with Historic Places lesson plan | |||
{{Clear}} | |||
{{University of Virginia}} | {{University of Virginia}} | ||
{{Thomas Jefferson}} | |||
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Latest revision as of 04:42, 24 December 2024
Public university in Charlottesville, Virginia, US "UVa" redirects here. For other uses, see Uva.
Type | Public research university |
---|---|
Established | January 25, 1819; 205 years ago (January 25, 1819) |
Founder | Thomas Jefferson |
Accreditation | SACS |
Academic affiliations | |
Endowment | $13.6 billion (2022) |
Budget | $1.91 billion (2020) |
President | James E. Ryan |
Provost | Ian Baucom |
Academic staff | 3,265 (Fall 2019)
|
Administrative staff | 6,292 (Fall 2019)
|
Students | 25,944 (Fall 2023) |
Undergraduates | 17,618 (Fall 2023) |
Postgraduates | 8,326 (Fall 2023) |
Location | Charlottesville, Virginia, United States 38°02′08″N 78°30′12″W / 38.03556°N 78.50333°W / 38.03556; -78.50333 |
Campus | Small suburb, 1,135 acres (459 ha) |
Other campuses | |
Newspaper | The Cavalier Daily |
Colors | Orange and blue |
Nickname | |
Sporting affiliations | NCAA Division I FBS – ACC |
Mascot | Cavalier |
Website | virginia |
UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
Official name | Monticello and the University of Virginia in Charlottesville |
Type | Cultural |
Criteria | i, iv, vi |
Designated | 1987 (11th session) |
Reference no. | 442 |
Region | Europe and North America |
U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
Official name | University Of Virginia Historic District |
Designated | 1971-11-11 |
Reference no. | 70000865 |
The University of Virginia (UVA) is a public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States. It was founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson and contains his Academical Village, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The original governing Board of Visitors included three U.S. presidents: Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe, the latter as sitting president of the United States at the time of its foundation. As its first two rectors, Presidents Jefferson and Madison played key roles in the university's foundation, with Jefferson designing both the original courses of study and the university's architecture. Located within its historic 1,135-acre central campus, the university is composed of eight undergraduate and three professional schools: the School of Law, the Darden School of Business, and the School of Medicine.
The University of Virginia's scholars have played a major role in the development of many academic disciplines, including economics, law, literary art, visual art, and the sciences. Admission to UVA is among the most selective of public universities in the United States, its endowment is among the largest, and the university is known in part for its historic foundations, student-run honor code, and secret societies. The university has been a member of the Association of American Universities for 120 years.
In athletic competition, the university teams are called the Cavaliers and lead the Atlantic Coast Conference in team NCAA Championships for men's sports, also ranking second in women's and overall titles. In 2015, and again in 2019, the University of Virginia was presented with the Capital One Cup for fielding the nation's best overall athletics programs for men's sports.
The university's alumni, faculty, and researchers have included several U.S. presidents, heads of state, Nobel laureates, Pulitzer Prize winners, Marshall Scholars, and Fulbright Scholars. Thirty governors of U.S. states have attended the university, as have numerous U.S. senators and members of Congress. UVA has produced 56 Rhodes Scholars, the most of any flagship university in the United States, while its students and alumni have founded companies such as Reddit, Skillshare, VMware, and Space Adventures.
History
Main article: History of the University of Virginia1800s
In 1802, while serving as president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson wrote to artist Charles Willson Peale that his concept of the new university would be "on the most extensive and liberal scale that our circumstances would call for and our faculties meet," and it might even attract talented students from "other states to come, and drink of the cup of knowledge." Virginia was already home to the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, but Jefferson lost all confidence in his alma mater, partly because of its religious nature—it required all its students to recite a catechism—and its stifling of the sciences. Jefferson had flourished under William & Mary professors William Small and George Wythe decades earlier, but the college was in a period of great decline and his concern became so dire by 1800 that he expressed to British chemist Joseph Priestley, "we have in that State, a college just well enough endowed to draw out the miserable existence to which a miserable constitution has doomed it." These words would ring true some seventy years later when William & Mary fell bankrupt after the Civil War and the Williamsburg college was shuttered completely in 1881, later being revived as primarily a small college for teachers until it regained university status later in the twentieth century. Jefferson envisioned his new university would "be based on the illimitable freedom of the human mind. For here we are not afraid to follow truth wherever it may lead, nor to tolerate any error so long as reason is left free to combat it."
In 1817, three presidents (Jefferson, James Monroe, and James Madison) and Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court John Marshall joined 24 other dignitaries at a meeting held in the Mountain Top Tavern at Rockfish Gap. After some deliberation, they selected nearby Charlottesville as the site of the new University of Virginia. The UVA Board of Visitors purchased just outside Charlottesville a farm that had once been owned by James Monroe. The Commonwealth of Virginia chartered a new flagship university to be based on the site in Charlottesville on January 25, 1819.
John Hartwell Cocke collaborated with James Madison, Monroe, and Joseph Carrington Cabell to fulfill Jefferson's dream to establish the university. Cocke and Jefferson were appointed to the building committee to supervise the construction. The UVA Office of Equal Opportunity and Civil Rights is continuing to "seek opportunities to engage and acknowledge with respect that we live, learn, and work on the territory of the Monacan Indian Nation." Like many of its peers, the university owned slaves who helped build the campus. They also served students and professors. The university's first classes met on March 7, 1825.
In contrast to other universities of the day, at which one could study in either medicine, law, or divinity, the first students at the University of Virginia could study in one or several of eight independent schools – medicine, law, mathematics, chemistry, ancient languages, modern languages, natural philosophy, and moral philosophy. Another innovation of the new university was that higher education would be separated from religious doctrine. UVA had no divinity school, was established independently of any religious sect, and the Grounds were planned and centered upon a library, the Rotunda, rather than a church, distinguishing it from peer universities still primarily functioning as seminaries for one particular strain of Protestantism or another. Jefferson opined to philosopher Thomas Cooper that "a professorship of theology should have no place in our institution", and never has there been one. There were initially two degrees awarded by the university: Graduate, to a student who had completed the courses of one school; and Doctor to a graduate in more than one school who had shown research prowess.
Jefferson was intimately involved in the university to the end, hosting Sunday dinners at his Monticello home for faculty and students. Jefferson viewed the university's foundation as having such great importance and potential that he counted it among his greatest accomplishments and insisted his grave mention only his status as author of the Declaration of Independence and Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, and father of the University of Virginia. Thus, he eschewed mention of his national accomplishments, such as the Louisiana Purchase and any other aspects of his presidency, in favor of his role with the young university.
Initially, some of the students arriving at the university matched the then-common picture of college students: wealthy, spoiled aristocrats with a sense of privilege which often led to brawling, or worse. This was a source of frustration for Jefferson, who assembled the students during the school's first year, on October 3, 1825, to criticize such behavior; but was too overcome to speak. He later spoke of this moment as "the most painful event" of his life.
Although the frequency of such irresponsible behavior dropped after Jefferson's expression of concern, it did not die away completely. Like many universities and colleges, it experienced periodic student riots, culminating in the shooting death of Professor John A. G. Davis, Chairman of the Faculty, in 1840. This event, in conjunction with the new UVA Honor System and the growing popularity of temperance and a rise in religious affiliation in society in general, seems to have resulted in a permanent change in student attitudes toward reporting the bad behavior, and thus such behavior among students that had so greatly bothered Jefferson finally vanished.
In the year of Jefferson's death in 1826, poet Edgar Allan Poe enrolled at the university, where he excelled in Latin. The Raven Society, an organization named after Poe's most famous poem, continues to maintain 13 West Range, the room Poe inhabited during the single semester he attended the university. He left because of financial difficulties. The School of Engineering and Applied Science opened in 1836, making UVA the first comprehensive university to open an engineering school.
Unlike the majority of Southern colleges, the university was kept open throughout the Civil War, despite its state seeing more bloodshed than any other and the near 100% conscription of the American South. After Jubal Early's total loss at the Battle of Waynesboro, Charlottesville was willingly surrendered to Union forces to avoid mass bloodshed, and UVA faculty convinced George Armstrong Custer to preserve Jefferson's university. Although Union troops camped on the Lawn and damaged many of the Pavilions, Custer's men left four days later without bloodshed and the university was able to return to its educational mission. However, an extremely high number of officers of both Confederacy and Union were alumni. UVA produced 1,481 officers in the Confederate Army alone, including four major-generals, twenty-one brigadier-generals, and sixty-seven colonels from ten different states. John S. Mosby, the infamous "Gray Ghost" and commander of the lightning-fast 43rd Battalion Virginia Cavalry ranger unit, had also been a UVA student.
Thanks to a grant from the Commonwealth of Virginia, tuition became free for all Virginians in the year 1875. During this period, the University of Virginia remained unique in that it had no president and mandated no core curriculum from its students, who often studied in and took degrees from more than one school. However, the university was also experiencing growing pains. As the original Rotunda caught fire and was gutted in 1895, there would soon be sweeping changes, much greater than merely reconstructing the Rotunda in 1899.
1900s
Jefferson had originally decided the University of Virginia would have no serving president. Rather, this power was to be shared by a rector and the Board of Visitors. But as the 19th century waned, it became obvious this cumbersome arrangement was incapable of adequately handling the many administrative and fundraising tasks of the growing university. Edwin Alderman, who had only recently moved from his post as president of UNC-Chapel Hill since 1896 to become president of Tulane University in 1900, accepted an offer as president of the University of Virginia in 1904. His appointment was not without controversy, and national media such as Popular Science lamented the end of one of the things that made UVA unique among universities.
Alderman stayed 27 years, and became known as a prolific fund-raiser, a well-known orator, and a close adviser to U.S. president and UVA alumnus Woodrow Wilson. He added significantly to the University Hospital to support new sickbeds and public health research, and helped create departments of geology and forestry, the School of Education and Human Development (originally the Curry School of Education), the McIntire School of Commerce, and the summer school programs in which young Georgia O'Keeffe took part. Perhaps his greatest ambition was the funding and construction of a library on a scale of millions of books, much larger than the Rotunda could bear. Delayed by the Great Depression, Alderman Library was named in his honor in 1938. Alderman, who seven years earlier had died in office en route to giving a public speech at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, is still the longest-tenured president of the university.
In 1904, UVA became the first university south of Washington, D.C. to be elected to the Association of American Universities. After a gift by Andrew Carnegie in 1909 the University of Virginia was organized into twenty-six departments across six schools including the Andrew Carnegie School of Engineering, the James Madison School of Law, the James Monroe School of International Law, the James Wilson School of Political Economy, the Edgar Allan Poe School of English and the Walter Reed School of Pathology. The honorific historical names for these schools – several of which have remained as modern schools of the university – are no longer used.
In December 1953, the University of Virginia joined the Atlantic Coast Conference for athletics. At the time, UVA had a football program that had just broken through to be nationally ranked in 1950, 1951, and 1952, and consistently beat its rivals North Carolina and Virginia Tech by scores such as 34–7 and 44–0. Other sports were very competitive as well. However, the administration of Colgate Darden de-emphasized athletics, defunding the department and declining to join the ACC before being overruled by the Board of Visitors on that decision. It would take until the 1980s for the bulk of athletics programs to fully recover but approaching the year 2000 UVA was again one of the most successful all-around sports programs with NCAA national titles achieved in an array of different sports; by 2020, it had twice won the Capital One Cup for overall athletics excellence in men's sports programs.
UVA established a junior college in 1954, known today as the University of Virginia's College at Wise. George Mason University and Mary Washington University used to similarly exist as UVA's satellite campuses, but those are now wholly independent universities no longer administered by the University of Virginia.
The Academical Village and nearby Monticello became a joint World Heritage Site in 1987. Simultaneously with Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park and Chaco Culture National Historical Park, they were the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth U.S. sites designated as culturally significant to the collective interests of global humanity, coming after the Statue of Liberty and Yosemite National Park three years earlier. As such, UVA possesses the only U.S. collegiate grounds to be internationally protected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
Integration, coeducation, and student dissent
The University of Virginia first admitted a few selected women to graduate studies in the late 1890s and to certain programs such as nursing and education in the 1920s and 1930s. In 1944, Mary Washington College in Fredericksburg, Virginia, became the Women's Undergraduate Arts and Sciences Division of the University of Virginia. With this branch campus in Fredericksburg exclusively for women, UVA maintained its main campus in Charlottesville as near-exclusively for men, until a civil rights lawsuit in the 1960s forced it to commingle the sexes. In 1970, the Charlottesville campus became fully co-educational, and in 1972 Mary Washington became an independent state university. When the first female class arrived, 450 undergraduate women entered UVA, comprising 39 percent of undergraduates, while the number of men admitted remained constant. By 1999, women made up a 52 percent majority of the total student body.
The university admitted its first black student when Gregory Swanson sued to gain entrance into the university's law school in 1950. Following his successful lawsuit, a handful of black graduate and professional students were admitted during the 1950s, though no black undergraduates were admitted until 1955, and UVA did not fully integrate until the 1960s. When Walter Ridley graduated with a doctorate in education, he was the first black person to graduate from UVA. UVA's Ridley Scholarship Fund is named in his honor.
The fight for integration and coeducation came to the foreground particularly in the late 1960s, leading up to the May Strike of 1970, in which students protested for higher black enrollment, equal access to UVA admission by undergraduate women, unionization of employees, and against the presence of armed university police and recruiters of government agencies such as the CIA and FBI on Grounds.
21st century
Due to a continual decline in state funding for the university, today only 6 percent of its budget comes from the Commonwealth of Virginia. A Charter initiative was signed into law by then-Governor Mark Warner in 2005, negotiated with the university to have greater autonomy over its own affairs in exchange for accepting this decline in financial support.
The university welcomed Teresa A. Sullivan as its first female president in 2010. Just two years later its first woman rector, Helen Dragas, engineered a forced-resignation to remove President Sullivan from office. The attempted ouster elicited a faculty Senate vote of no confidence in Rector Dragas, and demands from student government for an explanation. In the face of mounting pressure including alumni threats to cease contributions, and a mandate from then-Governor Robert McDonnell to resolve the issue or face removal of the entire Board of Visitors, the board unanimously reinstated President Sullivan. In 2013 and 2014, the board passed new bylaws that made it harder to remove a president and possible to remove a rector.
In November 2014, the university suspended fraternity and sorority functions pending investigation of an article by Rolling Stone concerning an alleged rape story, which was later determined to be a hoax after the story was confirmed to be false through investigation by The Washington Post. The university nonetheless instituted new rules banning "pre-mixed drinks, punches or any other common source of alcohol" such as beer kegs and requiring "sober and lucid" fraternity members to monitor all parties. In April 2015, Rolling Stone fully retracted the article after the Columbia School of Journalism released a scathing and discrediting report on the "anatomy of a journalistic failure" by its author. Even before release of the Columbia University report, the Rolling Stone story was named the "Error of the Year" by the Poynter Institute. The UVA chapter of Phi Kappa Psi settled a defamation suit against Rolling Stone and received $1.65 million.
In August 2017, the night before the infamous Unite the Right rally, a group of non-student and mostly non-Virginian white nationalists marched on the university's Lawn bearing torches and chanting antisemitic and Nazi slogans after the city of Charlottesville decided to remove all remaining Confederate statues from the city including one depicting Robert E. Lee. They were met by student counter-protesters near the statue of Thomas Jefferson in front of the Rotunda, where a fight broke out.
James E. Ryan, a graduate of the University of Virginia School of Law, became the university's ninth president in August 2018. His first act upon his inauguration was to announce that in-state undergraduates from families making less than $80,000 per year would receive full scholarships covering tuition, and those from families making under $30,000 would also receive free room and board. Ryan was previously dean of the Harvard School of Education.
On the night of November 13, 2022, three students were killed and two others injured in a shooting on a charter bus that was returning to the campus from a play for a class trip in Washington, D.C. All three fatalities were current members of the Virginia Cavaliers football team and the alleged shooter was briefly a member of the team during the 2018 season.
Campus
The UVA campus, referred to as the Grounds, straddles the border between the city of Charlottesville and Albemarle County. The university also maintains 562 acres north of the campus at North Fork and 2,913 acres southeast of the city at Morven Farm. It also is in the process of building a campus in Northern Virginia within Fairfax, Virginia.
Academical Village
See also: The Lawn, The Rotunda, and The RangeThroughout its history, the University of Virginia has won praise for its unique Jeffersonian architecture. In January 1895, less than a year before the Great Rotunda Fire, The New York Times said the design of the University of Virginia "was incomparably the most ambitious and monumental architectural project that had or has yet been conceived in this century." In the United States Bicentennial issue of their AIA Journal, the American Institute of Architects called it "the proudest achievement of American architecture in the past 200 years." The Academical Village, together with Jefferson's home at Monticello, which he also designed, is a World Heritage Site. The first collegiate architecture and culture World Heritage Site in the world, it was listed by UNESCO in 1987.
Jefferson's original architectural design revolves around the Academical Village, and that name remains in use today to describe both the specific area of the Lawn, a grand, terraced green space surrounded by residential and academic buildings, the gardens, the Range, and the larger university surrounding it. The principal building of the design, the Rotunda, stands at the north end of the Lawn, and is the most recognizable symbol of the university. It is half the height and width of the Pantheon in Rome, which was the primary inspiration for the building. The Lawn and the Rotunda were the models for many similar designs of "centralized green areas" at universities across the country. The space was designed for students and professors to live in the same area. The Rotunda, which symbolized knowledge, showed hierarchy. The south end of the Lawn was left open to symbolize the view of cultivated fields to the south, as reflective of Jefferson's ideal for an agrarian-focused nation.
Most notably designed by inspiration of the Rotunda and Lawn are the expansive green spaces headed by similar buildings built at: Duke University in 1892; Columbia University in 1895; Johns Hopkins University in 1902; Carnegie Mellon University in 1904; Rice University in 1910; Peabody College of Vanderbilt University in 1915; Killian Court at MIT in 1916; the Grand Auditorium of Tsinghua University built in 1917 in Beijing, China; the Sterling Quad of Yale Divinity School in 1932; and the university's own Darden School in 1996.
Winter view toward the Rotunda (under renovation)Winter view toward the South LawnFlanking both sides of the Rotunda and extending down the length of the Lawn are ten Pavilions interspersed with student housing rooms. Each has its own classical architectural style, as well as its own walled garden separated by Jeffersonian Serpentine walls. These walls are called "serpentine" because they run a sinusoidal course, one that lends strength to the wall and allows for the wall to be only one brick thick, one of many innovations by which Jefferson attempted to combine aesthetics with utility.
On October 27, 1895, the Rotunda burned to a shell because of an electrical fire that started in the Rotunda Annex, a long multi-story structure built in 1853 to house additional classrooms. The electrical fire was no doubt assisted by the help of overzealous faculty member William "Reddy" Echols, who attempted to save it by throwing roughly 100 pounds (45 kg) of dynamite into the main fire in the hopes the blast would separate the burning Annex from Jefferson's own Rotunda. His last-ditch effort ultimately failed. Perhaps ironically, one of the university's main honors student programs is named for him. University officials swiftly approached celebrity architect Stanford White to rebuild the Rotunda. White took the charge further, disregarding Jefferson's design and redesigning the Rotunda interior—making it two floors instead of three, adding three buildings to the foot of the Lawn, and designing a president's house. He did omit rebuilding the Rotunda Annex, the remnants of which were used as fill and to create part of the modern-day Rotunda's northern-facing plaza. The classes formerly occupying the Annex were moved to the South Lawn in White's new buildings.
The White buildings have the effect of closing off the sweeping perspective, as originally conceived by Jefferson, down the Lawn across open countryside toward the distant mountains. The White buildings at the foot of the Lawn effectively create a huge "quadrangle", albeit one far grander than any traditional college quadrangle at the University of Cambridge or University of Oxford.
In concert with the United States Bicentennial in 1976, Stanford White's changes to the Rotunda were removed and the building was returned to Jefferson's original design. Renovated according to original sketches and historical photographs, a three-story Rotunda opened on Jefferson's birthday, April 13, 1976. Queen Elizabeth II came to visit the Rotunda in that same year for the Bicentennial and had a well-publicized stroll of the Lawn. The university was listed by Travel + Leisure in September 2011 as one of the most beautiful campuses in the United States and by MSN as one of the most beautiful college campuses in the world.
Libraries
The first library at the University of Virginia was the Rotunda. Rather than a chapel or other religious structure, the university was built around its own library. Thomas Jefferson was deeply engaged in selecting the materials that made up that library's original collection, and in developing the system by which it would be organized. The Rotunda served as the University Library for over a century, until Shannon Library was opened in 1937. Originally named Alderman Library, the Library was renamed to honor Edgar F. Shannon Jr., the University of Virginia's fourth President, in 2024.
The University of Virginia Library System consists of a dozen libraries and holds over 5 million volumes. Its Electronic Text Center, established in 1992, has put 70,000 books online as well as 350,000 images that go with them. These e-texts are open to anyone and, as of 2002, were receiving 37,000 daily visits (compared to 6,000 daily visitors to the physical libraries). Shannon Library holds the most extensive Tibetan collection in the world and holds ten floors of book "stacks" of varying ages and historical value. The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library features a collection of American literature as well as two copies of the original printing of the Declaration of Independence. It was in this library in 2006 that Robert Stilling, an English graduate student, discovered an unpublished Robert Frost poem from 1918. Clark Hall is the library for SEAS (the engineering school), and one of its notable features is the Mural Room, decorated by two three-panel murals by Allyn Cox, depicting the Moral Law and the Civil Law. The murals were finished and set in place in 1934. As of 2006, the university and Google were working on the digitization of selected collections from the library system.
Since 1992, the University of Virginia also hosts the Rare Book School, a non-profit organization in the study of historical books and the history of printing that began at Columbia University in 1983.
Other areas
Housing for first-year students, Brown College, the School of Engineering and Applied Science and the University of Virginia Medical School are near the historic Lawn and Range area. The McIntire School of Commerce is on the actual Lawn, in Rouss-Roberston Hall.
Away from the historic area, UVA's architecture and its allegiance to the Jeffersonian design are controversial. The 1990s saw the construction of two deeply contrasting visions: the Williams Tsien post-modernist Hereford College in 1992 and the unapologetically Jeffersonian Darden School of Business in 1996. Commentary on both was broad and partisan, as the University of Virginia School of Architecture and The New York Times lauded Hereford for its bold new lines, while some independent press and wealthy donors praised the traditional design of the Darden school. The latter group appeared to have the upper hand when the South Lawn Project was designed in the early 2000s.
Billionaire John Kluge donated 7,379 acres (29.86 km) of additional lands to the university in 2001. Kluge desired the core of the land, the 2,913-acre Morven, to be developed by the university and the surrounding land to be sold to fund an endowment supporting the core. Five farms totaling 1,261 acres (510 ha) of the gift were soon sold to musician Dave Matthews, of the Dave Matthews Band, to be used in an organic farming project to complement his nearby Blenheim Vineyards. Morven has since hosted the Morven Summer Institute, a rigorous immersion program of study in civil society, sustainability, and creativity. As of 2014, the university is developing further plans for Morven and has hired an architecture firm for the nearly three thousand acre property. In addition, the UVA Foundation owns the building and grounds of the Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Art Collection. The Collection itself is also owned by the University of Virginia.
Student and faculty housing
The primary housing areas for first-year students are McCormick Road Dormitories, often called "Old Dorms", Alderman Road Dormitories, often called "New Dorms," and suite style dorms located off of Alderman road near the football stadium. The 1970s-era Alderman Road Dorms are being fully replaced with brand new dormitory buildings in the same area. The replacements feature hall-style living arrangements with common areas and many modern amenities. Instead of being torn down and replaced like the original New Dorms, the Old Dorms have seen a $105 million renovation project between 2017 and 2022. They were constructed in 1950, and are also hall-style constructions but with fewer amenities. The Old Dorms are closer to the students' classes.
In the 1980s, in response to a housing shortage, the Stadium Road Residential Area was built to the south of the Alderman Road Dormitories. The largest of the houses in this area are the Gooch Dillard Residence Halls which house 610 students and are suite style type dorms.
There are three residential colleges at the university: Brown College, Hereford College, and the International Residential College. These involve an application process to live there, and are filled with both upperclass and first-year students. The application process can be extremely competitive, especially for Brown because of its location in central Grounds near classroom buildings, libraries, and Newcomb Hall.
It is considered a great honor and privilege to be invited to live on the Lawn, and 54 fourth-year undergraduates do so each year, joining ten members of the faculty who permanently live and teach in the Pavilions there.
Prior to May 31, 2024, the university had dedicated housing for employees on Grounds. However, the University is considering new affordable housing proposals, one of which is located on the site of the current Piedmont Housing community.
Organization and administration
The university has several affiliated centers including the Rare Book School, headquarters of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, University of Virginia Center for Politics, Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service, Sorensen Institute for Political Leadership, Institute for Advanced Studies in Culture, and Miller Center of Public Affairs. The Fralin Museum of Art is dedicated to creating an environment where both the university community and the general public can study and learn from directly experiencing works of different art. The university has its own internal recruiting firm, the Executive Search Group and Strategic Resourcing. Since 2013, this department has been housed under the Office of the President.
In 2006, President Casteen announced an ambitious $3 billion capital campaign to be completed by December 2011. During the Great Recession, President Sullivan missed the 2011 deadline, and extended it indefinitely. The $3 billion goal would be met a year and a half later, which President Sullivan announced at graduation ceremonies in May 2013.
As of 2013, UVA's $1.4 billion academic budget is paid for primarily by tuition and fees (32%), research grants (23%), endowment and gifts (19%), and sales and services (12%). The university receives 10% of its academic funds through state appropriation from the Commonwealth of Virginia. For the overall (including non-academic) university budget of $2.6 billion, 45% comes from medical patient revenue. The Commonwealth contributes less than 6%.
UVA's endowment is among the highest among universities in the United States. As of 2013, the University of Virginia was one of only two public universities in the United States that had a Triple-A credit rating from all three major credit rating agencies.
UVA colleges and schools | |
---|---|
College/school | Year founded |
| |
School of Architecture | 1954 |
College of Arts & Sciences | 1824 |
Darden School of Business | 1954 |
McIntire School of Commerce | 1921 |
School of Continuing and Professional Studies | 1915 |
School of Data Science | 2019 |
School of Education and Human Development | 1905 |
School of Engineering and Applied Science | 1836 |
School of Law | 1819 |
Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy | 2007 |
School of Medicine | 1819 |
School of Nursing | 1901 |
Although UVA is the flagship university of Virginia, state funding has decreased for several consecutive decades. Financial support from the state dropped by half from 12 percent of total revenue in 2001–02 to six percent in 2013–14. The portion of academic revenue coming from the state fell by even more in the same period, from 22 percent to just nine percent. This nominal support from the state, contributing just $154 million of UVA's $2.6 billion budget in 2012–13, has led President Sullivan and others to contemplate the partial privatization of the University of Virginia. UVA's Darden School and Law School are already self-sufficient.
Hunter R. Rawlings III, President of the prominent Association of American Universities research group of universities, came to Charlottesville to make a speech to university faculty which included a statement about the proposal: "there's no possibility, as far as I can see, that any state will ever relinquish its ownership and governance of its public universities, much less of its flagship research university". He encouraged university leaders to stop talking about privatization and instead push their state lawmakers to increase funding for higher education and research as a public good.
Academics
The University of Virginia offers 48 bachelor's degree programs, 94 master's degree programs, 55 doctoral degree programs, 6 educational specialist degree programs, and 2 first-professional degrees (Medicine and Law). UVA does not bestow honorary degrees.
Scholarships
The Jefferson Scholarship is the most competitive merit scholarship nationwide. Around 30 scholars are selected annually from a direct application pool of 4,500 nominating schools, each able to nominate only one student. Covering all tuition, books, room and board, the scholarship also provides scholars finances for summer enrichment, independent research and study abroad.
Echols Scholars (College of Arts and Sciences) and Rodman Scholars (School of Engineering and Applied Science), which include 6–7% of undergraduate students, receive no financial benefits, but are entitled to special advisors, priority course registration, residence in designated dorms and fewer curricular constraints than other students have.
Full tuition scholarships are given to each in-state student from families earning under $80,000 per year. Each in-state student from families earning under $30,000 per year also receives free room and board. These scholarships are initiatives of President Ryan, who announced them upon his inauguration in 2018.
Research
The University of Virginia is the first and longest serving public member of the Association of American Universities in the American South, attaining membership in 1904. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".
According to the National Science Foundation, UVA spent $614 million on research and development in 2019, ranking it 44th in the nation and first in Virginia. Built in 1996, North Fork (formerly the UVA Research Park is an extensive 3.7-million square foot, 562 acre research park nine miles north of UVA's North Grounds. It houses the UVA Applied Research Institute as well as many private R&D efforts by such firms as Battelle, The MITRE Corporation, Signature Science, and CACI.
UVA is also home to globally recognized research on hypersonic flight for NASA and other organizations. The United States Air Force, National Science Foundation, and National Center for Hypersonic Combined Cycle Propulsion have each also granted UVA researchers millions in funding for the university's ongoing broad and deep research into ultra-high velocity flight. Starting in 2015, a UVA team led by mechanical engineering professor Eric Loth began Department of Energy-funded research into an original design of offshore wind turbines that would potentially dwarf the size and scope of any being produced or researched anywhere else. The innovative design inspired by palm trees led to Loth being named to a Popular Science list of "The Brilliant Minds Behind The New Energy Revolution".
UVA was recognized by Science as leading two of the top 10 scientific discoveries in the world in 2015. The first breakthrough was when UVA School of Medicine researchers Jonathan Kipnis and Antoine Louveau discovered previously unknown vessels connecting the human brain directly to the lymphatic system. The second breakthrough was when UVA psychology professor Brian Nosek examined the reproducibility of 100 psychology studies and found fewer than half could be reproduced. More than 270 researchers on five continents were involved, and twenty-two students and faculty from UVA were listed as co-authors on the scientific paper.
In the field of astrophysics, the university is a member of a consortium engaged in the construction and operation of the Large Binocular Telescope in the Mount Graham International Observatory of the Pinaleno Mountains of southeastern Arizona. It is also a member of both the Astrophysical Research Consortium, which operates telescopes at Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico, and the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy which operates the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the Gemini Observatory and the Space Telescope Science Institute. The University of Virginia hosts the headquarters of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, which operates the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia and the Very Large Array radio telescope made famous in the Carl Sagan television documentary Cosmos and film Contact. The North American Atacama Large Millimeter Array Science Center is also at the Charlottesville NRAO site. In 2019, researchers at NRAO co-authored a study documenting the discovery of a pair of giant hourglass shaped balloons emanating radio waves from the center of our Milky Way galaxy.
Rankings
Academic rankings | |
---|---|
National | |
Forbes | 34 |
U.S. News & World Report | 24 |
Washington Monthly | 37 |
WSJ/College Pulse | 33 |
Global | |
ARWU | 201–300 |
QS | 260 |
THE | 166 |
U.S. News & World Report | 119 |
As of the 2023 rankings, U.S. News & World Report ranks UVA's undergraduate programs 24th among national universities overall. Its undergraduate business school, McIntire, is ranked 4th (and 1st among public universities) in the United States by the UK-based business school website Poets & Quants as of 2023. In its (most recent as of 2024) undergraduate business school rankings of 2016, Bloomberg BusinessWeek ranked the McIntire School of Commerce, UVA's undergraduate business program, 5th overall and 2nd among public universities. In its 2015 rankings, The Economist (which no longer produces rankings) listed Darden 2nd overall globally and 1st among public universities. In its 2024 ranking, Bloomberg.com ranks UVA as the #3 business school in the nation and 1st among public universities.
U.S. News & World Report's 2024 rankings placed its law school fourth-best overall and 1st among public universities, its graduate Darden School of Business 10th nationally, the medical school 30th overall in the "Research" category, and the engineering school tied for 37th overall. The School of Education was ranked 8th in the nation. The specialization in special education, as well as in curriculum and instruction, were both ranked 4th in the nation. In the 2022 Academic Ranking of World Universities, the School of Education was ranked 8th in the world.
Washington Monthly ranked UVA 28th in its 2020 ranking of national universities based on its contribution to the public good, as measured by social mobility, research, and promoting good public service. In its 2016 report, Business Insider, which strives to measure preparation for the professional workforce, ranked UVA ninth overall and first among public universities.
Other recognition
Reflecting a strong tradition of free speech dating back to Thomas Jefferson, UVA was ranked 6th by the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression in the 2024 Free Speech College Rankings.
The University of Virginia has also been recognized for consistently having the highest African American graduation rate among national public universities. According to the Fall 2005 issue of Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, UVA "has the highest black student graduation rate of the Public Ivies" and "by far the most impressive is the University of Virginia with its high black student graduation rate and its small racial difference in graduation rates."
Undergraduate admissions and financial aid
Undergraduate admissions statistics | |
---|---|
2023 entering classChange vs. 2018 | |
Admit rate | 16.2% ( −11.1) |
Yield rate | 39.1% ( +1) |
Test scores middle 50% | |
SAT Total | 1400-1540 (among 51% of FTFs) |
ACT Composite | 32-35 (among 21% of FTFs) |
For the undergraduate Class of 2027, the University of Virginia received a record 56,439 applications, admitting 16.2 percent. The early action acceptance rate was 27 percent for in-state Virginians and 12 percent for out-of-state applicants. The regular decision acceptance rate was 13 percent for in-state Virginians and 8 percent for out-of-state applicants. UVA is required, by Virginia state law, to matriculate two-thirds of its undergraduate student body from its pool of in-state applicants; it is barred, by Virginia state law, from giving admissions preference to the children of its alumni. Approximately 40 percent of those admitted to UVA are non-white. Matriculated students come from all 50 states and 147 foreign countries. The university has seen steady increases to its applicant pool in recent decades, and the number of applications has more than tripled since the Class of 2008 received 15,094 applications. Admission to the university is among the most selective in the United States among public universities. As of 2014, 93 percent of admitted applicants ranked in the top 10 percent of their high school classes. For the Class of 2027, some 1,167 students were accepted after having had their application fees waived as either low-income or first-generation college students.
Admission is need-blind for domestic applicants. President James Ryan announced at his inauguration in fall 2018 that in-state students from families earning less than $80,000 a year will receive full tuition scholarships. Those from families earning less than $30,000 will also receive free room and board. The university already met 100 percent of demonstrated need for all admitted undergraduate students, making it one of only two public universities in the U.S. to reach this level of financial aid for its students. For 2014, the university ranked fourth overall by the Princeton Review for "Great Financial Aid". In 2008 the Center for College Affordability and Productivity named UVA the top value among all national public colleges and universities; and in 2009, UVA was again named the "No. 1 Best Value" among public universities in the United States in a separate ranking by USA TODAY and the Princeton Review. Kiplinger in 2014 ranked UVA second out of the top 100 best-value public colleges and universities in the nation.
Graduate and professional school admissions are also highly selective. As of 2019, the average LSAT score was 169 at the School of Law, while at the Darden School of Business the average GMAT score was 718.
Student life
Race and ethnicity | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|
White | 56% | 56 | |
Asian | 16% | 16 | |
Other | 10% | 10 | |
Black | 7% | 7 | |
Hispanic | 7% | 7 | |
Foreign national | 4% | 4 | |
Economic diversity | |||
Low-income | 13% | 13 |
Student life at the University of Virginia is marked by a number of unique traditions. The campus of the university is referred to as the "Grounds". Freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and seniors are instead called first-, second-, third-, and fourth-years to reflect Jefferson's belief that learning is a lifelong process, rather than one to be completed within four years.
Student-faculty interaction and connections
Professors are traditionally addressed as "Mr." or "Ms." at UVA instead of "Doctor" (although medical doctors are the one exception) in deference to Jefferson's desire to have an equality of ideas, discriminated by merit and unburdened by title. UVA facilitates close interactions between students and professors in a number of ways.
First-year students in the College of Arts & Sciences have the opportunity to take two University Seminars, one per semester, which are later made available to other years students as well. These small classes, typically numbering from 4 to 19 students each, provide opportunities to work closely with professors at the university from the outset of a student's academic career. The small groupings also help facilitate more frequent and intense discussions between students in this closer environment.
Select faculty live at Brown College at Monroe Hill, Hereford College, International Residential College, and in Pavilions on the Lawn. This living arrangement gives more opportunities for professors to invite students to lunches and dinners, which regularly happens, and creates chances for impromptu meetings and interactions between faculty and students around Grounds.
Reflecting this close student-faculty interaction at UVA, it welcomed Nobel Laureate William Faulkner to a position as "Writer-in-Residence" in 1957. He had no teaching responsibilities, and was paid merely to live among the students and write. He was badly injured in a horse riding accident in 1959, and did not return to the state before his death in 1962. Faulkner then bequeathed the majority of his papers to Shannon Library, giving UVA the largest Faulkner archives in the world.
Global citizenship initiatives
The International Residential College is a residential college at UVA that attracts and celebrates students from across the globe who choose to attend the university. It is one of the three major residential colleges at UVA. Students there come from 45 countries, representing 40% of the student population; but U.S. students are encouraged to live at the IRC as well to learn about the countries from which their classmates have journeyed to attend UVA.
UVA was previously the academic sponsor for Semester at Sea, a multi-country study abroad program conducted on a cruise ship.
The University of Virginia received the 2015 Paul Simon Award for Comprehensive Internationalization, by the Association of International Educators. This award confirms the university's success and commitment in educating its students on a global scale as well as nationally.
Student leadership opportunities
There are a number of UVA undergraduate leadership opportunities that are offered in addition to the standard student government or fraternity and sorority positions found at many other universities. They include UVA's secret societies and debating societies, the student-run honor committees, and the chance to be recognized as a fourth-year student at the pinnacle of student leadership by being asked to live on the Lawn.
The Frank Batten School of Leadership and Public Policy, established in 2007, expands on these unique student leadership opportunities to study Leadership itself as a cross-disciplinary subject of focus and is closely aligned with many of the university's schools, including the Architecture, Education, Engineering, Law, Medical, and Darden schools, as well as with programs in politics, economics, and applied ethics.
The University of Virginia has a long history of student activists who formed radical environmental, religious, and political groups to champion various social changes. An especially intense period of student activism occurred in the 1970s during the May Days strikes against the Vietnam War. More recently, the School of Education and Human Development and its Youth-Nex Center held a national conference in 2019 to promote student activism at UVA and beyond.
Secret societies
Main article: Secret Societies at the University of VirginiaStudent societies have existed on Grounds since the early twentieth century. Secret societies have been a part of University of Virginia student life since the first class of students in 1825. While the number of societies peaked during the 75-year period between 1875 and 1950, there are still six societies active that are over 100 years old, and several newer secret societies.
Honor system
Main article: Honor system at the University of Virginia Honor PledgeOn my honor, I have neither given nor received aid on this assignment.
The nation's first codified honor system was instituted by UVA law professor Henry St. George Tucker, Sr. in 1842, after a fellow professor was shot to death on the Lawn. There are three tenets to the system: students simply must not lie, cheat, or steal. For its first 180 years it was a "single sanction system," meaning that committing any of these three offenses would result in immediate expulsion from the university. In the spring of 2022, following decades of criticism and waning support, a proposal to replace the penalty of expulsion with a two-semester suspension passed a student referendum with over 80% of the vote and took effect immediately.
The honor system is intended to be student-run and student-administered. If accused, students are tried before their peers—fellow students, never faculty, serve as counsel and jury. Although Honor Committee resources have been strained by mass cheating scandals such as a case in 2001 of 122 suspected cheaters over several years in a single large Physics survey course, and federal lawsuits have challenged the system, its verdicts are rarely overturned. There is only one documented case of direct UVA administration interference in an honor system proceeding: the trial and subsequent retrial of student Christopher Leggett.
Student activities
Many events take place at the University of Virginia, on the Lawn and across Grounds. One of the largest events at UVA is Springfest, hosted by the University Programs Council. It takes place every year in the spring, and features a large free concert, various inflatables, games. Another popular event and tradition is Lighting of the Lawn in the winter. Established in 2001 as a tribute to the September 11 Attacks, Lighting of the Lawn consists of a light and music show on the Lawn. Another popular event is Foxfield, a steeplechase and social gathering that takes place nearby in Albemarle County in April, and which is annually attended by thousands of students from the University of Virginia, neighboring colleges, and local residents.
The student life building is called Newcomb Hall. It is home to the Student Activities Center (SAC) and the Media Activities Center (MAC), where student groups can get leadership consulting and use computing and copying resources, as well as several meeting rooms for student groups. Student Council, the student self-governing body, holds meetings Tuesdays at 6:30 p.m. in the Newcomb South Meeting Room. Student Council, or "StudCo", also holds office hours and regular committee meetings in the newly renovated Newcomb Programs and Council (PAC) Room. The PAC also houses the University Programs Council and Class Councils. Newcomb basement is home to both the office of the independent student newspaper The Declaration, The Cavalier Daily, and the Consortium of University Publications.
In 2005, the university was named "Hottest for Fitness" by Newsweek magazine, due in part to 94% of its students using one of the four indoor athletics facilities. Particularly popular is the Aquatics and Fitness Center, across the street from the Alderman Dorms. The University of Virginia sent more workers to the Peace Corps in 2006 and 2008 than any other "medium-sized" university in the United States. Volunteerism at the university is centered around Madison House which offers numerous opportunities to serve others. Among the numerous programs offered are tutoring, housing improvement, an organization called Hoos Against Hunger, which gives leftover food from restaurants to the homeless of Charlottesville rather than allowing it to be discarded, among numerous other volunteer programs. Many students also choose to volunteer as emergency responders, the most common stations being Charlottesville Albemarle Rescue Squad (CARS) in the city of Charlottesville and Seminole Trail Volunteer Fire Department (STVFD) in Albemarle County.
As at many universities, alcohol use is a part of the social life of many undergraduate students. In 2005, concerns particularly arose about fourth-years consuming excessive alcohol during the day of the last home football game. President Casteen then announced a $2.5 million donation from Anheuser-Busch to fund a new UVA-based Social Norms Institute in September 2006. A spokesman said: "the goal is to get students to emulate the positive behavior of the vast majority of students". On the other hand, the university was ranked first in Playboy's 2012 list of Top 10 Party Schools based on ratings of sex, sports, and nightlife.
Fraternities and sororities
Main article: Fraternities and sororities at University of VirginiaThe University of Virginia has a number of fraternities and sororities on campus, encompassing the traditional social fraternities and sororities as well as coeducational professional, service, and honor fraternities. Social life at the university was originally dominated by debating societies. The first fraternity chapter founded at UVA was Delta Kappa Epsilon in 1852, and it was quickly followed by many more; the University of Virginia was the birthplace of two national fraternities, Kappa Sigma and Pi Kappa Alpha, which exist at the university as of 2023.
Through the twentieth century, the roles of these organizations on campus expanded to encompass social sororities, professional fraternities and sororities, service fraternities, honor societies, black fraternities and sororities, and multicultural fraternities and sororities. Roughly 30% of the student body are members of social fraternities and sororities, while additional students are involved with service, professional, and honor fraternities. "Rush and pledging" occur in the spring semester for most Greek organizations. Kappa Sigma and the Trigon Engineering Society hold reserved rooms on the Lawn, while Pi Kappa Alpha holds the only undergraduate room on the Range.
Transportation
A set of bus lines operated by the university's University Transit Service connect different parts of the UVA Grounds with adjacent parking facilities. This is complemented by a set of bus lines operated by Charlottesville Area Transit that connect the University of Virginia with other parts of Charlottesville. The Virginia Department of Transportation maintains the roads through the university grounds as State Route 302.
Charlottesville Union Station is just 0.6 miles (0.97 km) from UVA, and from there Amtrak passenger trains serve Charlottesville on three routes: the Cardinal (Chicago to New York City), Crescent (New Orleans to New York City), and Northeast Regional (Virginia to Boston). The long-haul Cardinal operates three times a week, while the Crescent and Northeast Regional both run daily. Charlottesville–Albemarle Airport, 8 miles (13 km) away, has nonstop flights to Chicago, New York, Atlanta, Charlotte, and Philadelphia. The larger Richmond International Airport is 77 miles (124 km) to the southeast, and the still larger Dulles International Airport is 99 miles (159 km) to the northeast. They are accessible via Interstate 64 and U.S. 29, respectively, both of which are major highways and frequently trafficked.
Megabus began serving Charlottesville with inexpensive direct express routes to and from Washington, D.C. in 2018. Megabus also runs up to four trips per day from Charlottesville to New York City with several stops between. Like the trains, the Megabus stop is at the nearby Amtrak station.
Athletics
Main article: Virginia CavaliersVirginia has ranked near the top of collegiate athletics programs in recent years. In 2015 and 2019, UVA won the nationwide Capital One Cup for overall men's sports excellence. The teams and athletes representing Virginia in college athletics have been dubbed the Cavaliers since 1923, predating the NBA's Cleveland Cavaliers by nearly half a century.
In 2019, Virginia men's basketball won the NCAA Championship in March Madness, the single-elimination national college basketball tournament considered by YouGov polled American viewers (as of the same year) to be the most exciting collegiate sporting event. In 2015, when Virginia first won its first Capital One Cup its teams won the 2014 College Cup, the 2015 College World Series, and the 2015 NCAA Tennis Championships. When it repeated the feat in 2019, the program won both the March Madness tournament and the 2019 Men's Lacrosse Championship.
Virginia's athletics director is Carla Williams, the first African American woman to hold the position at any power conference university. The previous athletics director was Craig Littlepage, the first African American to have that title in the ACC. He held the position for sixteen years and, under his leadership, UVA added many significant hires who have demonstrated success near the top of their respective sports, including recent NCAA Champions Tony Bennett, Lars Tiffany, Brian O'Connor, and Todd DeSorbo, as well as former football coach Bronco Mendenhall. Among coaches who have longer tenures, George Gelnovatch has won two NCAA men's soccer national titles since 2009. Steve Swanson has led women's soccer teams to six ACC titles and 24 consecutive winning seasons. Kevin Sauer has led UVA women's rowing to two NCAA titles since 2010.
Championships
In the 21st century alone, UVA teams have won 18 NCAA championships. The men's teams have won NCAA titles in basketball (2019); lacrosse (2003, 2006, 2011, 2019, and 2021); baseball (2015); soccer (2009 and 2014); and tennis (2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2022, and 2023). UVA women have won recent NCAA titles in rowing (2010 and 2012) and swimming & diving (2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024). The Cavaliers rank first in the ACC (a power conference) with 23 men's NCAA Championships, and rank second in the conference with 11 women's NCAA Championships.
Under Tony Bennett the Cavaliers have experienced a basketball renaissance, winning the 2019 NCAA Championship, winning the ACC tournaments of 2014 (over Duke) and 2018 (over North Carolina), and winning regular-season championships in 2014, 2015, 2018, and 2019. UVA became the third program in ACC history to win 30 or more games in consecutive seasons and John Paul Jones Arena is considered one of the more intimidating trips for opposing teams to make. The women's basketball program fell just short of its own NCAA Championship in 1990, losing the Championship Game in overtime.
The Virginia men's and women's lacrosse programs are two of the most dominant in the history of the sport, winning ten of UVA's twenty-nine NCAA Championships between them and two more (for a total of 11 recognized national championships) before NCAA oversight began. 2019 and 2021 NCAA champion men's head coach Lars Tiffany has brought UVA back to prominence after Dom Starsia retired as the all-time ACC leader in men's lacrosse wins. All three UVA head coaches in the position prior to Tiffany still rank (as of 2019) in the top 20 of career wins. Three-time NCAA champion head coach Julie Myers leads women's lacrosse and under her guidance, Virginia is the only program to qualify for 24 straight NCAA tournament berths as of 2019.
The Cavalier baseball team under Brian O'Connor has also experienced tremendous success. UVA finished as national runners-up in the 2014 College World Series and came back to win the 2015 College World Series. Virginia has hosted five NCAA Super Regional tournament events at Davenport Field.
The UVA men's tennis program won "three-peat" NCAA Championships in 2015–2017 after winning the Cavaliers' first in 2013. The team won back-to-back championships in 2022 and 2023. The program has regularly featured international talent combined with locally grown high school tennis talent from Virginia (often Northern Virginia).
The University of Virginia women's cross country team won the 1981 and 1982 NCAA Women's Division I Cross Country Championship as well as the DI Indoor Championships.
The women's swimming and diving team won its first NCAA Championship in 2021. The women repeated the feat in both 2022 and 2023.
Rivalries
Official ACC designated rivalry games include the Virginia–Virginia Tech rivalry and the Virginia–Louisville series. These two rivalries are guaranteed an annual game in all sports, and a home-and-away series in men's and women's basketball. The Cavaliers competed against the Hokies in the Commonwealth Challenge and more recently competed in the Commonwealth Clash, under new rules, for many sports in which they compete head-to-head. The Cavaliers went 2–0 against the Hokies in the Challenge and 3–2 in the Clash (5–2 overall). Perhaps the two most significant rivalry games played between the Cavaliers and Hokies were both in men's basketball, on March 1, 2007, and January 15, 2019. In the former, the two teams met with identical 10–4 ACC records and the winner would clinch a share of the regular-season conference championship. UVA won the game 69–56 and took their fifth of ten ACC titles. In the latter, No. 4 UVA beat No. 9 Virginia Tech 81–59 in the only meeting between two AP Top 10 teams in the rivalry's history.
The ACC is often regarded as the best college basketball conference, and UVA leads the series in its official ACC basketball rivalries: against Virginia Tech 96–56, and Louisville 15–4, as of 2019. A budding but lopsided series between Virginia's Tony Bennett and Louisville's Rick Pitino saw Bennett win 5 of 6 games before Pitino's Hall of Fame career ended in scandal at Louisville. Other notable basketball rivalries include those against North Carolina and Maryland. Notably the 1982 ACC tournament championship game where Dean Smith had his team of future NBA stars (such as Michael Jordan and James Worthy) hold the ball for seven minutes, against a Virginia team featuring Ralph Sampson, led to the advent of the shot clock and the three-point line. The Maryland rivalry is now mostly dormant, but was reignited for the 2014 and 2018 editions of the ACC–Big Ten Challenge, with both Challenges won by the Cavaliers on the road in College Park.
Virginia men's lacrosse, as one of the all-time great NCAA programs, has a championship rivalry with fellow ACC program Syracuse (the Cavaliers and Orange holding 18 NCAA Championships between them) as well as rivalries against Big Ten programs Johns Hopkins and Maryland. The Syracuse and Johns Hopkins rivalries are played out at least once each season (Syracuse played twice in 2021) with the teams often finding themselves facing off a second or third time in the ACC and NCAA tournaments. Virginia women's lacrosse, also a multi-NCAA Championship program, maintains several of those same rivalries.
The Virginia football team competes against North Carolina in the South's Oldest Rivalry, a historic football rivalry game which a sitting President of the United States, Calvin Coolidge, made time to attend in Charlottesville in 1924. The 1960s and 1970s were particularly dark decades for the football program, which later experienced a resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s under George Welsh. Coach Welsh led the program to its first bowl bids starting with the 1984 Peach Bowl. Welsh, who even reached AP No. 1 rankings for Virginia in October 1990, is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame after compiling the second-most wins in ACC history after Bobby Bowden. In a historic rivalry between two legendary coaches, Welsh finished two games up in the head-to-head series against Virginia Tech coach Frank Beamer, 8–6. He was also dominant against UNC in the South's Oldest Rivalry, finishing 13–5–1, including a perfect 10–0 record against North Carolina at Scott Stadium.
Sponsorship
In 2015, The Cavaliers negotiated a 10-year sponsorship deal with Nike, from which the program receives $3.5 million per year.
People
Main articles: List of University of Virginia people and List of University of Virginia School of Law alumniFaculty
Main category: University of Virginia facultyFaculty were originally housed in the Academical Village among the students, serving as both instructors and advisors, continuing on to include the McCormick Road Old Dorms, though this has been phased out in favor of undergraduate student resident advisors (RAs). Several of the faculty, however, continue the university tradition of living on Grounds, either on the Lawn in the various Pavilions, or as fellows at one of three residential colleges (Brown College at Monroe Hill, Hereford College, and the International Residential College).
The university's faculty includes a National Humanities Medal and National Medal of Arts winner and former United States Poet Laureate, an awardee of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, 25 Guggenheim fellows, 26 Fulbright fellows, six National Endowment for the Humanities fellows, two Presidential Young Investigator Award winners, three Sloan award winners, three Packard Foundation Award winners, and a winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Physics professor James McCarthy was the lead academic liaison to the government in the establishment of Suranet, and the university has also participated in ARPANET, Abilene, Internet2, and Lambda Rail. On March 19, 1986, the university's domain name, VIRGINIA.EDU
, became the first registration under the .edu
top-level domain originating from the Commonwealth of Virginia on what would become the World Wide Web.
Larry Sabato has, according to The Wall Street Journal and The Washington Post, become the most-cited professor in the country by national and regional news organizations, both on the Internet and in print. Civil rights activist Julian Bond, a professor in the Corcoran Department of History from 1990 to 2012, was the chairman of the NAACP from 1998 to 2009 and was chosen to host the Nobel Laureates conference in 1998.
Famous current and former UVA faculty and staff in residenceTerry BelangerFounder of the Rare Book School; MacArthur Genius GrantJulian Bond
Co-founder of Southern Poverty Law Center; Chairman of the NAACPJames Buchanan
Founder of Virginia school of political economy; Nobel Prize in EconomicsRita Dove
First African American United States Poet Laureate; Pulitzer Prize for PoetryWilliam Faulkner
Nobel Prize in Literature and Pulitzer Prize for FictionLarry Sabato
Founder of Center for Politics and Larry Sabato's Crystal BallAntonin Scalia
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United StatesKathryn Thornton
U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame; former recordholder for most spacewalks by a woman
Alumni
Main article: List of University of Virginia peopleAs of December 2014, the University of Virginia has 221,000 living graduates. According to a study by researchers at the Darden School and Stanford University, UVA alumni have founded over 65,000 companies which have employed 2.3 million people worldwide with annual global revenues of $1.6 trillion. Extrapolated numbers show companies founded by UVA alumni have created 371,000 jobs in the state of Virginia alone. The relatively small amount that the Commonwealth gives UVA for support was determined by the study to have a tremendous return on investment for the state.
Rhodes Scholarships are international postgraduate awards given to students to study at the University of Oxford. Since the scholarship program began in 1904, UVA has had fifty-five Rhodes Scholars, the most of any university in the American South, eighth-most overall, and third-most outside the Ivy League (behind Stanford University and the United States Military Academy (West Point)).
Eight NASA astronauts and launch directors are UVA alumni: Karl Gordon Henize, Bill Nelson, Thomas Marshburn, Leland Melvin, Jeff Wisoff, Kathryn Thornton, Patrick Forrester; and Michael Leinbach.
The Pulitzer Prize has been awarded to eight UVA alumni: Edward P. Jones, Ron Suskind, Virginius Dabney, Claudia Emerson, Henry Taylor, Lane DeGregory, George Rodrigue, and Michael Vitez.
Government leaders include 28th President of the United States Woodrow Wilson (who attended before transferring), former Special Counsel and FBI Director Robert Mueller; NATO Secretary General Javier Solana; U.S. Speaker of the House Robert M. T. Hunter; widely known United States Senators Harry Byrd, Robert F. Kennedy, and Ted Kennedy; first African American Chief Justice of the Virginia Supreme Court Leroy Hassell; Delaware Court of Chancery Vice Chancellor J. Travis Laster; United States Supreme Court Justices Howell Edmunds Jackson, James Clark McReynolds, and Stanley Forman Reed; President of the Supreme Court of Israel, Asher Grunis; and Premier and President of the First Republic of China, Yan Huiqing.
Thirty U.S. state or U.S. territorial Governors have graduated from UVA, including fifteen Governors of Virginia, and fifteen Governors of other U.S. states and territories as well.
UVA's alumni ranks also include others who have achieved widespread fame: computer science pioneer John Backus; polar explorer Richard Byrd; scientists Walter Reed, Stuart Schreiber, Daniel Barringer, Richard Lutz, and Francis Collins; artists Edgar Allan Poe and Georgia O'Keeffe; musicians Stephen Malkmus and Boyd Tinsley; self-made billionaire Paul Tudor Jones; national news anchors Katie Couric and Brit Hume; actors Tina Fey and Ben McKenzie; Team USA Olympic team captains John Harkes, Dawn Staley, and Claudio Reyna; NBA All-Star MVP Ralph Sampson and the NBA's eighth ever 50–40–90 shooter Malcolm Brogdon; two-time FIFA Women's World Cup champions Becky Sauerbrunn, Emily Sonnett and Morgan Brian; and voice actor Sam Riegel.
Famous UVA alumniMalcolm Brogdon(B.A./M.P.P., '15/'16)
8th 50–40–90 club member; 2017 NBA Rookie of the YearFrancis Collins
(B.S., '70)
Director of the National Institutes of Health; project leader of Human Genome ProjectKatie Couric
(B.A., '79)
Television Hall of Fame; News anchor for each of the Big Three television networksTina Fey
(B.A., '92)
Saturday Night Live actor and head writer; creator of 30 RockYan Huiqing
(B.A., 1900)
1st Chinese ambassador to the Soviet Union; Premier and acting President of ChinaRobert F. Kennedy
(Law, '51)
Assassinated U.S. presidential candidate; U.S. Attorney GeneralRobert Mueller
(Law, '73)
6th Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; author of the Mueller reportAlexis Ohanian
(B.A./B.S., '05)
Co-founder (with UVA roommate Steve Huffman) of Reddit
Enslaved laborers
See also: Memorial to Enslaved LaborersFictional alumni
- Joey Berglund, character in Freedom by Jonathan Franzen
- Biff Loman, character in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller
- Elizabeth McCord, portrayed by Téa Leoni, and Henry McCord, portrayed by Tim Daly, on Madam Secretary
- Clarice Starling, protagonist of the novels The Silence of the Lambs and Hannibal by Thomas Harris, and the film adaptations The Silence of the Lambs, portrayed by Jodie Foster, and Hannibal, portrayed by Julianne Moore
- Gina Toscano, portrayed by Jorja Fox, on The West Wing
See also
- Academic honor code
- Bibliography of Thomas Jefferson
- List of World Heritage Sites in the United States
Notes
- This figure refers to the Academic Division operating budget. The consolidated operating budget for the University of Virginia, including the Medical Center and the College at Wise, totals $3.72 billion.
- The total number of administrative staff listed here represents the total number of Classified Staff and University Staff.
- See, for example: the Virginia school of political economy.
- See, for example: Antonin Scalia's influential original meaning interpretation theory of the Constitution of the United States.
- See, for example: William Faulkner, considered the father of Southern Gothic literature.
- See, for example: Georgia O'Keeffe, considered the "Mother of American modernism."
- The University of Virginia has also produced the most Rhodes Scholars among all universities in the American South, a category which includes private universities and/or United States service academies.
- Other consists of Multiracial Americans & those who prefer to not say.
- The percentage of students who received an income-based federal Pell grant intended for low-income students.
- Alumni who became Governor of Virginia include Gerald Baliles, Jim Gilmore, Chuck Robb, George Allen, John Dalton, Mills Godwin, Albertis Harrison, J. Lindsay Almond, John Battle, Colgate Darden, Elbert Trinkle, Westmoreland Davis, Claude Swanson, Andrew Jackson Montague, and Frederick Holiday.
- Alumni who became Governor of another U.S. state or territory include James Paul Clarke, William Meade Fishback, and Joseph Taylor Robinson (Arkansas), Janet Napolitano (Arizona), Lowell Weicker (Connecticut), Charles Terry (Delaware), Millard Caldwell (Florida), Evan Bayh (Indiana), Andy Beshear and Brereton Jones (Kentucky), Sam McEnery (Louisiana), William Preston Lane (Maryland), Mark Sanford (South Carolina), Henry Mathews (West Virginia), and Luis Fortuño (Puerto Rico).
References
Citations
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Further reading
- Bruce, Philip Alexander (1920–1922). History of the University of Virginia, 1819–1919: The Lengthening Shadow of One Man (five vol. ed.). New York: Macmillan.
- Dabney, Virginius (1981). Mr. Jefferson's University: A History. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press. ISBN 0-8139-0904-X.
- Mapp, Alf J. (1991). Thomas Jefferson: Passionate Pilgrim. Lanham, MD: Madison Books. ISBN 0-8191-8053-X.
- Ragosta, John A.; Peter S. Onuf, and Andrew J. O'Shaughnessy (eds.) (2019), The Founding of Thomas Jefferson's University. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press.
External links
- Official website
- Thomas Jefferson's Plan for the University of Virginia: Lessons from the Lawn – a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places lesson plan
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