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{{Short description|American political activist (1922–2019)}}
{{See also|Views of Lyndon LaRouche|LaRouche criminal trials|Lyndon LaRouche U.S. Presidential campaigns|LaRouche movement}}
{{pp-pc1}}
{{Infobox Person
{{pp-pc|small=yes}}
|name =Lyndon LaRouche
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2021}}
|image =Lyndon LaRouche.jpg
{{Infobox person
|image_size =200px
|caption =Lyndon LaRouche, February 2006 | name = Lyndon LaRouche
|birth_name =Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Jr. | image = LaRouche 1988 (filter).jpg
| caption = LaRouche, circa 1988
|birth_date ={{birth date and age|1922|9|8}}
| birth_name = Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche Jr.
|birth_place =]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1922|9|8}}
|death_date =
| birth_place = ], U.S.
|death_place =
| death_date = {{death date and age|2019|2|12|1922|9|8}}
|other_names =Lyn Marcus
| death_place = <!-- New York Times and Los Angeles Times obituaries did not specify a location. -->
|occupation =
| education = ] (no degree)
|party =], ]
| organization = ]
|spouse =Janice Neuberger (1954&ndash;1963)<br/>] (1977&ndash;present)
| other_names = Lyn Marcus
|parents =Jessie Lenore Weir<br/> Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Sr.
| party = {{ubl|] (after 1979)|] (1973–1979)|] (1949–1964)}}
|children =Daniel, born 1956
| movement = ]
|box_width =270px
| spouse = {{ubl | {{marriage|Janice Neuberger|1954|1963|end=div}} | {{marriage|]|1977}}}}
| signature =
{{Infobox officeholder|embed=yes
| office = Leader of the ]
| term_start = 1973
| term_end = 1979
| predecessor = ''Party established''
| successor = ''Party dissolved''
}} }}
}}

'''Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche Jr.''' (September 8, 1922 – February 12, 2019) was an American political activist who founded the ] and its main organization, the ] (NCLC).<ref name="NYTDeath">{{cite web |last1=Severo |first1=Richard |title=Lyndon LaRouche, Cult Figure Who Ran for President 8 Times, Dies at 96 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/obituaries/lyndon-larouche-dead.html |website=The New York Times |date=February 13, 2019 |access-date=February 13, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214141656/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/obituaries/lyndon-larouche-dead.html |archive-date=February 14, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tulsaworld.com/archive/cult-leaders-use-mind-control/article_b5c1be46-5e0e-5813-b7f9-ac8b9dc17c62.html|title=Cult Leaders Use Mind Control|website=Tulsa World|date=March 14, 1993 |language=en|access-date=October 4, 2019|archive-date=December 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207035606/https://www.tulsaworld.com/archive/cult-leaders-use-mind-control/article_b5c1be46-5e0e-5813-b7f9-ac8b9dc17c62.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTu47pGfD84C&pg=PA377 |pages=377–380 |editor=Kathlyn Gay |title=American Dissidents: An Encyclopedia of Activists, Subversives, and Prisoners of Conscience |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2011 |isbn=978-1598847659 |access-date=June 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://books.google.com/books?id=sTu47pGfD84C&pg=PA377 |archive-date=October 17, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X7ad8GzRf0QC&pg=PA108 |page=108 |title=Encyclopedia of Right-Wing Extremism In Modern American History |last=Atkins |first=Steven E. |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2011 |isbn=978-1598843507 |access-date=June 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://books.google.com/books?id=X7ad8GzRf0QC&pg=PA108 |archive-date=October 17, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was a prominent ] and ].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Walker |first=Jesse |title=Lyndon LaRouche: The Conspiracist Who Earned a Following |url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2019/12/29/lyndon-larouche-obituary-conspiracist-with-a-well-connected-following-086493 |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=] |date=December 29, 2019 }}</ref> He began in ] politics in the 1940s and later supported the ]; however, in the 1970s, he moved to the ].<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> His movement is sometimes described as, or likened to, a ].<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Timothy R. |date=2019-02-13 |title=Lyndon LaRouche Jr., conspiracy theorist and presidential candidate, dies at 96 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/lyndon-larouche-jr-conspiracy-theorist-and-presidential-candidate-dies-at-96/2019/02/13/22170d42-2f21-11e9-813a-0ab2f17e305b_story.html |access-date=2022-10-30 |newspaper=] |quote=He built a political organization often likened to a cult and ran for president eight times, once while in prison for mail fraud.}}</ref><ref name=":3" />{{Sfn|Atkins|2011|p=109}} Convicted of fraud, he served five years in prison from 1989 to 1994.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

Born in ], LaRouche was drawn to ] and ] movements in his twenties during ]. In the 1950s, while a ], he was also a ] in New York City.<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Berlet |first=Chip |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/671568128 |title=Culture wars : an encyclopedia of issues, viewpoints, and voices |date=2010 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |others=Roger Chapman |isbn=978-1849727136 |location=Armonk, N.Y. |pages=315 |oclc=671568128}}</ref> By the 1960s, he became engaged in increasingly smaller and more radical splinter groups. During the 1970s, he created the foundation of the LaRouche movement and became more engaged in conspiratorial beliefs and violent and illegal activities. Instead of the radical left, he embraced ] politics and ].<ref name=":8" />{{Sfn|Atkins|2011|pp=108–109}} At various times, he alleged that he had been targeted for assassination by ], Zionist mobsters, his own associates (who he said had been drugged and brainwashed by ] and British spies), in addition to others.<ref name="Blum, October 7, 1979" /><ref name=":5" />

It is estimated that the LaRouche movement never exceeded a few thousand members, but it had an outsize political influence,<ref name=":4" /> raising more than $200 million by one estimate,<ref name=":1" /> and running candidates in more than 4,000 elections in the 1980s.<ref name=":8" /> It was noted for disguising its candidates as conservative Democrats and harassing opponents.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":4" /> It reached its height in electoral success when Larouchite candidates won the Democratic primaries for the ] and related state offices; this alarmed Democratic Party officials, whose national spokesman called the Larouchites "kook fringe".<ref name=":6" /> The defeated mainstream Democratic candidates ran in the general election as members of the ]; the Larouchite Democrats all finished a distant third. Later in the 1980s, as part of the ], criminal investigations led to convictions of several LaRouche movement members, including LaRouche himself. He was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment but served only five.


LaRouche was a perennial candidate for ]. He ran in every election from 1976 to 2004 as a candidate of third parties established by members of his movement, peaking at around 78,000 votes in the ].<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Mintz |first=John |date=January 13, 1985 |title=Group Makes Political Inroads |newspaper=] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou5.htm |ref=none}}</ref> He also tried to gain the Democratic presidential nomination. In the ], he received 5% of the total nationwide vote. In 2000, he received enough primary votes to qualify for delegates in some states, but the ] refused to seat his delegates and barred LaRouche from attending the ].<ref name=":9" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Norrander |first=Barbara |date=2006 |title=The Attrition Game: Initial Resources, Initial Contests and the Exit of Candidates during the US Presidential Primary Season |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4092259 |journal=British Journal of Political Science |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=487–507 |doi=10.1017/S0007123406000251 |jstor=4092259 |issn=0007-1234}}</ref>
'''Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Jr.''' ({{IPA-en|ləˈruːʃ|pron}}; born September 8, 1922) is an American self-styled economist, political activist, and the founder of several political organizations known collectively as the ]. He has been a ] for ], having run in eight elections since 1976, once as a ] candidate and seven times as a candidate for the ] nomination. He is the founder and contributing editor of the ''],'' and has written prolifically on economic, scientific, and political topics, as well as on history, philosophy, and psychoanalysis.
He was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment in 1988 for ] to commit ] and ] violations, but continued his political activities from behind bars until his release in 1994 on parole. His defenders believe the prosecution was a politically motivated conspiracy involving government officials and a mass-media ] campaign.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(a)</ref> His appellate attorney, ], a former ], argued that the case represented an unprecedented abuse of power by the U.S. government in an effort to destroy the LaRouche movement.<ref name=renoletter>{{harvnb|Clark|1995}}</ref>
LaRouche provokes sharply contrasting views. His supporters see him as a political leader in the tradition of ] and ], and a brilliant thinker who has been unfairly persecuted, while critics regard him as a ] leader, a ], a ], and an ].<ref>Sources for the descriptions are as follows:
*political leader in the tradition of Roosevelt and King: {{harvnb|Boynton Robinson|2008}}, {{harvnb|Steinberg|2004}}
*conspiracy theorist: {{harvnb|Rose|2004}}
*fascist: {{harvnb|Schob|1989}}
*anti-Semite: {{harvnb|Reardon|Greenbaum|1986}}, {{harvnb|Lerman|1988}}, Mintz (May 17, 1987)
*political cult leader: {{harvnb|Oliver|2003}}, {{harvnb|Mintz|1985}}, {{harvnb|Copulus|1984}}</ref> ], formerly with the ], described LaRouche's staff in 1984 as one of the best private intelligence services in the world, while the ] has said that he leads "what may well be one of the strangest political groups in American history."<ref>{{harvnb|Mintz|1985}}; {{harvnb|Copulus|1984}}</ref>


==Early life== ==Early life==
LaRouche was born in Rochester, New Hampshire, the oldest of three children of Jessie Lenore ({{nee}} Weir) and Lyndon H. LaRouche Sr.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=tbl/viletbl00152.xml|title=A Guide to the Lyndon LaRouche Collection, 1979–1986 Lyndon LaRouche Collection SC 0075|website=ead.lib.virginia.edu|accessdate=May 28, 2022|archive-date=February 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224035620/https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=tbl%2Fviletbl00152.xml|url-status=live}}</ref> His paternal grandfather's family emigrated to the United States from ], Quebec, whereas his maternal grandfather was born in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wargs.com/political/larouche.html|title=Ancestry of Lyndon LaRouche|access-date=December 27, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219230746/http://wargs.com/political/larouche.html|archive-date=December 19, 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> His father worked for the ] in Rochester before the family moved to ].<ref>{{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}} and {{harvnb|King|1989|pp=17–18, 20, 25–26}}.</ref>


His parents became ] after his father converted from ]. They forbade him from fighting with other children, even in self-defense, which he said led to "years of hell" from bullies at school. As a result, he spent much of his time alone, taking long walks through the woods and identifying in his mind with great philosophers. He wrote that, between the ages of 12 and 14, he read philosophy extensively, embracing the ideas of ] and rejecting those of ], ], ], ], ], ], and ].<ref>For the parents' religions and other details, see {{harvnb|Witt|2004}}, p. 3, and {{harvnb|King|1989|p=4}}.</ref><ref>For "years of hell" and bullying, see {{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|pp=38–39}}.</ref><ref>For spending time alone and identifying with philosophers, see {{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|pp=55, 58}}.</ref><ref>For the particular philosophers he read, see {{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=17}}.</ref> He graduated from ] in 1940. In the same year, the Lynn Quakers expelled his father from the group, for reportedly accusing other Quakers of misusing funds, while writing under the pen name Hezekiah Micajah Jones. LaRouche and his mother resigned in sympathy for his father.<ref>For his graduation, see {{harvnb|Tong|1994}}.</ref><ref>For his father's expulsion, see {{harvnb|King|1989|pp=5–6}}.</ref><ref>For an entry mentioning LaRouche in Quaker records, see Stattler, Richard. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923144835/https://neym.org/archives/guide |date=September 23, 2017 }}, Rhode Island Historical Society, 1997, p. 92.</ref>
LaRouche was born in ], the eldest of three children of Lyndon H. LaRouche, Sr. (June 1, 1896 &ndash; December 1983)<ref></ref> and Jessie Lenore (née Weir; November 12, 1893 &ndash; August 1978).<ref></ref> His father was the son of a French-Canadian immigrant from ], and his mother a descendant of ] from the ] and other prominent ] families.
{{rquote|left|I survived socially by making chiefly ], ], and ] my principal peers, looking at myself, my thoughts, my commitments to practice in terms of a kind of collectivity of them constructed in my own mind.<ref name=LaRouche1979p58/>}}


===University studies, Marxism, marriage===
He attended the School Street elementary school until 1936, when the family moved to ], after his father resigned from his job as a salesman at the ] in Rochester to set up his own business. He described his childhood as that of "an egregious child, I wouldn't say an ugly duckling but a nasty duckling."<ref name="Paul L. Montgomery 1974"/> According to his 1979 autobiography, ''The Power of Reason,'' he began to read around the age of five, and was called "Big Head" by the other children at school.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|p=39}}</ref> He was told by his parents, both of them ] (his father had converted from Roman Catholicism to marry his mother), that under no circumstances could he fight with other children even in self-defense.<ref name="LaRouche 1979, p. 38">{{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|p=38}}</ref> This advice led to "years of hell" for him from bullies at school.<ref name="LaRouche 1979, p. 38"/> As a result, he spent much of his time alone, taking long walks through the woods and identifying in his mind with great philosophers.<ref>LaRouche 1979, p. 55</ref> In contrast, he joked, the childhood peers from whom he had felt so alienated had been "unwitting followers of ]."<ref name=LaRouche1979p58>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1979|p=58}}</ref>


LaRouche attended ] in ] and left in 1942. He later wrote that his teachers "lacked the competence to teach me on conditions I was willing to tolerate".<ref name=Witt2004p3>{{harvnb|Witt|2004}}, p. 3</ref> As a Quaker, he was a ] during ] and joined a ] camp in lieu of military service.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=6}}</ref> In 1944, he decided to enlist in the ] and served with the ] in ] and ] during the ]. At the end of the war, LaRouche was working as a clerk in the ], and later described his decision to enlist as of the most important decision of his life.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|pp=37–38}}</ref> In his 1988 autobiography, LaRouche claimed that being asked to express his views on the death of President ] to a group of fellow ]s led him to define his "principal lifelong political commitment, that the United States should take postwar world leadership in establishing a world order dedicated to promoting the economic development of what we call today "]".<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|pp=36–37}}</ref>
He elaborated on his early intellectual development in a second autobiography in 1987, in which he reports that, between the ages of twelve and fourteen, he read philosophy extensively, embracing the ideas of ] and rejecting those of Hume, ], ], ], ], ], and Kant.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=17}}</ref> He graduated from Lynn ] in 1940.<ref>{{harvnb|Tong|1994}}</ref>


LaRouche wrote that he discussed ] in the CO camp, and while traveling home on the SS ''General Bradley'' in 1946, he met Don Merrill, a fellow soldier, also from Lynn, who converted him to ]. Back in the U.S., he resumed his education at Northeastern University but dropped out.<ref name=":8" /> He returned to Lynn in 1948 and the next year joined the ] (SWP) to recruit at the GE River Works there, adopting the name "Lyn Marcus" for his political work.<ref>For how he adopted Marxism and Trotskyism, for his studies, and joining the SWP, see {{harvnb|LaRouche|1987}}, pp. 62–64. For his use of Lyn Marcus, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412124434/https://www.heritage.org/report/the-us-domestic-issues-labor-party |date=April 12, 2019 }}.</ref><ref name=":8" /> He arrived in New York City in 1953, where he worked as a ].<ref>For his work as a management consultant, see {{harvnb|LaRouche|1979}}, p. 4.</ref> In 1954 he married Janice Neuberger, a member of the SWP. Their son, Daniel, was born in 1956.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989}}, pp. 8–9.</ref>
In the same year, the Lynn Quakers expelled LaRouche's father for reportedly spreading gossip about other members; writing under the name Hezekiah Micajah Jones, LaRouche Sr. allegedly accused the Friends of misusing funds. His wife and the 19-year-old LaRouche resigned in sympathy.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|loc=chapter one}}; ; 1997.</ref>


==Career==
LaRouche battled and endured "a nasty ]" in 1953 and subsequently arrived in ] and occupied himself with "a light management-consulting assignment" and his first marriage in late 1954<ref>LaRouche Jr., Lyndon H. (1979); ''The Power of Reason; A kind of an Autobiography''; The New Benjamin Franklin House, Publishing House, Inc.; pp. 4. {ISBN 0-933488-01-7}</ref>.
===1960s===
====Teaching and the National Caucus of Labor Committees====
{{Further|National Caucus of Labor Committees}}
{{Quote box|width=25%|align=right|salign=right
| quote=Twenty to thirty students would&nbsp;... sit on the floor surrounding LaRouche, who now sported a very shaggy beard&nbsp;... LaRouche gave them esoteric assignments, such as searching through the writings of ] to discover ]'s anarchistic origins, or studying ]'s ''The Accumulation of Capital.''
| source= —]<ref name=Wohlforth/>}}


By 1961, the LaRouches were living on ] in ], and LaRouche's activities were mostly focused on his career and not on the SWP. He and his wife separated in 1963, and he moved into a ] apartment with another SWP member, Carol Schnitzer, also known as Larrabee.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989}}, p. 9.</ref> In 1964 he began an association with an SWP faction called the ], a faction later expelled from the SWP, and came under the influence of British Trotskyist leader ].<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1970}}.</ref>
===University studies and the Army===
LaRouche enrolled at ] in Boston, but left in 1942 after receiving poor grades. He wrote of his geometry class that he "could not accept the axioms and postulates," and of his teachers in general that they "lacked the competence to teach me on conditions I was willing to tolerate."<ref name=Witt2004p3>{{harvnb|Witt|2004|p=3}}</ref>


For six months, LaRouche worked with American Healyite leader ], who later wrote that LaRouche had a "gargantuan ego" and "a marvelous ability to place any world happening in a larger context, which seemed to give the event additional meaning, but his thinking was schematic, lacking factual detail and depth." Leaving Wohlforth's group, LaRouche briefly joined the rival ] before announcing his intention to build a new ].<ref name=Wohlforth>{{harvnb|Wohlforth}}, undated.</ref>
As a Quaker, he was at first a ] during World War II, joining a Civilian Public Service camp, where Dennis King writes he "promptly joined a small faction at odds with the administrators."<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=6}}</ref> In 1944, he decided instead to join the ] as a ], serving in India and Burma with medical units and ending the war as an ordnance clerk. LaRouche describes his decision to serve as one of the most important of his life.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|pp=18–20}}</ref> While in India, he developed an interest in and sympathy for the ]. He reports in his autobiography that many GIs feared they would be asked to support British forces in actions against Indian independence forces, a prospect he says "was revolting to most of us."<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|pp=37–38}}</ref>


In 1967, LaRouche began teaching classes on Marx's ] at New York City's Free School,<ref name="Lewers">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=53peAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |title=A Voter's Journey |publisher=] |author=Lewers, Bill |year=2013 |pages=200 |isbn=978-1483686776 |access-date=November 13, 2016 |archive-date=May 28, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151549/https://books.google.com/books?id=53peAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |url-status=live }}{{self-published source|date=December 2017}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} and attracted a group of students from ] and the ], recommending that they read '']'', as well as ], Kant, and Leibniz. During the ], he organized his supporters under the name '']'' (NCLC).<ref name="Lewers"/> The aim of the NCLC was to win control of the ] (SDS) branch{{snd}}the university's main activist group{{snd}}and build a political alliance between students, local residents, organized labor, and the Columbia faculty.<ref>Fraser, Steve. "NCLC Frame Up", ''Great Speckled Bird'', February 22, 1971.</ref><ref>Also see {{harvnb|LaRouche|1987}}, p. 116.</ref><ref>The NCLC was at first called the SDS (Students for a Democratic Society) Labor Committee.</ref><ref>For LaRouche's teaching, see {{harvnb|King|1989}}, pp. 13–14.</ref> By 1973, the NCLC had over 600 members in 25 cities{{snd}}including West Berlin and Stockholm{{snd}}and produced what LaRouche's biographer, Dennis King, called the most literate of the far-left papers, ''New Solidarity''.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989}}, pp. 17–18.</ref><ref>Also see Rose, Gregory F. "The Swarmy Life and Times of the NCLC", '']'', March 30, 1979.</ref> The NCLC's internal activities became highly regimented over the next few years. Members gave up their jobs and devoted themselves to the group and its leader, believing it would soon take control of America's trade unions and overthrow the government.<ref>{{harvnb|Mintz|1985a}}.</ref><ref>For members giving up their jobs, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318073137/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/01/20/93255116.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |date=March 18, 2020 }}</ref><ref>For members giving up their jobs, see: {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103174644/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20_3.html |date=November 3, 2012 }}.</ref>
While still in the CO camp, he had begun discussing Marxism with fellow camp inmates and soon became a ] himself. While traveling home from India on the SS ''General Bradley'' in 1946, he met Don Merrill, a fellow soldier, also from Lynn. Merrill won LaRouche over to ] on the journey home. Back in the U.S., LaRouche attempted to resume his education at Northeastern, intending to major in physics, but left because of what he called academic "]."<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=7}}</ref>


===1970s===
LaRouche returned to Lynn in 1948 and began attending meetings of the ] (SWP). He joined the next year, adopting the ] Lyn Marcus for his political work.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=62&ndash;64}}</ref> He found work as a ] in New York City, advising companies on how to use computers to maximize efficiency and speed up production. In 1954, he married fellow SWP member Janice Neuberger. Their son, Daniel, was born in 1956.
====1971: Intelligence network====
{{Further|LaRouche movement}}
] writes that LaRouche first established an NCLC "intelligence network" in 1971. Members all over the world sent information to NCLC headquarters, which would distribute the information via briefings and other publications. LaRouche organized the network as a series of news services and magazines, which critics say was done to gain access to government officials under press cover.<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|1983}}, p. 189.</ref> The publications included '']'', founded in 1974. Other periodicals under his aegis included ''New Solidarity'', ''Fusion Magazine'', ''21st Century Science and Technology'', and ''Campaigner Magazine''. His news services and publishers included American System Publications, Campaigner Publications, New Solidarity International Press Service, and The New Benjamin Franklin House Publishing Company. LaRouche acknowledged in 1980 that his followers impersonated reporters and others, saying it had to be done for his security.<ref>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722100214/https://www.nytimes.com/1980/02/16/archives/larouche-says-his-supporters-take-covert-roles-in-campaign.html?sq=LaRouche+Says+His+Supporters+Take+Covert+Roles+in+Campaign&scp=1&st=p |date=July 22, 2018 }}, ''The New York Times'', February 15, 1980: "Lyndon H. LaRouche, the former head of the U.S. Labor Party who is now running as a Democrat, has said that his campaign workers impersonate reporters and others, contending that the covert operation is needed for his security."
* Other publications included ''International Journal of Fusion'', ''Investigative Leads'', ''War on Drugs'', ''The Young Scientist'', ''American Labor Beacon'', ''New Federalist'', ''Nouvelle Solidarité'', and ''Neue Solidarität''.
</ref> In 1982, '']'' sued New Solidarity International Press Service and Campaigner Publications for damages, alleging that members were impersonating its reporters in phone calls.<ref>
Lynch, Pat. "Is Lyndon LaRouche using ''your'' name?", ''Columbia Journalism Review'', March–April 1985, pp. 42–46.
* Also see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804224001/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou1.htm |date=August 4, 2011 }}.
</ref>


U.S. sources told '']'' in 1985 that the LaRouche organization had assembled a worldwide network of government and military contacts, and that his researchers sometimes supplied information to government officials. ], the CIA's deputy director in 1981 and 1982, said LaRouche and his wife had visited him, offering information about the West German Green Party. A CIA spokesman said LaRouche met Deputy Director John McMahon in 1983 to discuss one of LaRouche's trips overseas. An aide to Deputy Secretary of State ] said when LaRouche's associates discussed technology or economics, they made good sense and seemed qualified. Norman Bailey, formerly with the ], said in 1984 that LaRouche's staff comprised "one of the best private intelligence services in the world. ...&nbsp;They do know a lot of people around the world. They do get to talk to prime ministers and presidents." Several government officials feared a security leak from the government's ties with the movement.<ref>
Russian academic G. G. Pirogov asserted that LaRouche had, in 1959-60, forecast that a series of monetary shocks would lead to the collapse of the ].<ref>G. G. Pirogov, conference presentation to the ]. </ref>
For Bailey's comment in 1984, see {{harvnb|Copulus|1984}}.
* For the rest, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804224001/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou1.htm |date=August 4, 2011 }}.
</ref> According to critics, the supposed behind-the-scenes processes were more often flights of fancy than inside information. Douglas Foster wrote in '']'' in 1982 that the briefings consisted of disinformation, "hate-filled" material about enemies, phony letters, intimidation, fake newspaper articles, and dirty tricks campaigns.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Teamster Madness |magazine=] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ouYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA30 |author=Douglas Foster |date=January 1982 |page=30 |access-date=June 17, 2015 |archive-date=October 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://books.google.com/books?id=ouYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA30 |url-status=live }}</ref> Opponents were accused of being gay or ], or were linked to murders, which the movement called "psywar techniques".<ref>For psywar techniques, see {{harvnb|Johnson|1983}}, p. 190.</ref><ref>For Alexander, {{harvnb|Alexander|1991}}, p. 948.</ref>


From the 1970s to the first decade of the 21st century, LaRouche founded several groups and companies. In addition to the National Caucus of Labor Committees, there was the ] (Australia), the National Democratic Policy Committee, the ], and the ]. In 1984, he founded the ] in Germany with his second wife, and three political parties there{{snd}}the '']'', ''Patrioten für Deutschland'', and '']''{{snd}}and in 2000 the ]. His printing services included Computron Technologies, Computype, World Composition Services, and PMR Printing Company, Inc, or PMR Associates.<ref>{{harvnb|Copulus|1984|pp=2–3}}.
==1960s==
* Other groups included the International Caucus of Labor Committees, the Club of Life, the Committee for a Fair Election, the Humanist Academy, the International Workingman's Defense Fund, the Lafayette Academy for the Arts and Sciences, the LaRouche Campaign, the National Anti-Drug Coalition, the National Unemployed and Welfare Rights Organization, and the Revolutionary Youth Movement.
===1960&ndash;1965: Trotskyism===
* For more on the companies, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817102329/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou3.htm |date=August 17, 2017 }}.
By 1961, the LaRouches were living in a large apartment on ], Manhattan, his activity in the internal life of the SWP minimal as he focused on his career. He and his wife separated in 1963, and in 1964, while still in the SWP, he became associated with a faction called the ], which had been expelled from the SWP and was under the influence of the British Trotskyist leader ], leader of the British ].<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1970}}</ref> For six months, he worked closely with American Healyite leader ], who later wrote:
</ref>


====1973: Political shift; "Operation Mop-Up"====
<blockquote>LaRouche had a gargantuan ego. Convinced he was a genius, he combined his strong conviction in his own abilities with an arrogance expressed in the cadences of upper-class ]. He assumed that the comment in the '']'' that "a small section of the ruling class cuts itself adrift, and joins the revolutionary class..." was written specifically for him. And he believed that the working class were lucky to obtain his services.<p>
]


LaRouche wrote in his 1987 autobiography that violent altercations had begun in 1969 between his NCLC members and several ] groups when ]'s faction began assaulting LaRouche's faction at Columbia University.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987}}, p. 117.</ref> Press accounts alleged that between April and September 1973, during what LaRouche called "Operation Mop-Up", NCLC members began physically attacking members of leftist groups that LaRouche classified as "left-protofascists"; an editorial in LaRouche's ''New Solidarity'' said of the ] that the movement "must dispose of this stinking corpse".<ref>For the name "Operation Mop-Up", see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318073137/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/01/20/93255116.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |date=March 18, 2020 }}.</ref><ref>For the ''Village Voice'', see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=waleAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B4wDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208,1251030&dq=of-thugs-and-liars&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, pp. 8, 10, and for its discussion of the ''New Solidarity'' editorial, see p. 30.</ref><ref>Also see {{harvnb|Alexander|1991}}, p. 946.</ref> Armed with chains, bats, and martial-art ] sticks, NCLC members assaulted Communist Party, SWP, and ] members and ] activists on the streets and during meetings. At least 60 assaults were reported. The operation ended when police arrested several of LaRouche's followers; there were no convictions, and LaRouche maintained they had acted in self-defense. Journalist and LaRouche biographer Dennis King writes that the ] may have tried to aggravate the strife, using measures such as anonymous mailings, to keep the groups at each other's throats.<ref>For the description of the assaults, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318073137/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/01/20/93255116.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |date=March 18, 2020 }}, and {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=waleAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B4wDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6208,1251030&dq=of-thugs-and-liars&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, pp. 8, 10, 30.</ref><ref>For the number of assaults, see {{harvnb|Alexander|1991}}, p. 947.</ref><ref>For the arrests, see {{harvnb|King|1989}}, pp. 23–24.</ref><ref>Also see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722100139/https://www.nytimes.com/1973/10/11/archives/two-held-in-a-double-street-gang-stabbing-on-lower-east-side.html?sq=Two+Held+in+a+Double+Street+Gang+Stabbing+on+Lower+East+Side&scp=1&st=p |date=July 22, 2018 }}.</ref><ref>For no convictions see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107184233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73846043.html?dids=73846043:73846043&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+20%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Inside+the+Weird+World+of+Lyndon+LaRouche&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}.</ref><ref>For LaRouche saying he acted in self-defence, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103174644/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20_3.html |date=November 3, 2012 }}.</ref> LaRouche said he met representatives of the Soviet Union at the United Nations in 1974 and 1975 to discuss attacks by the Communist Party USA on the NCLC and propose a merger, but said he received no assistance from them.<ref>{{harvnb|Perlman|1984}}.</ref> One FBI memo, obtained under the ], proposes assisting the CPUSA in an investigation "for the purpose of ultimately eliminating him and the threat of the NCLC" (see image to left).{{Third-party inline|date=October 2022}}
LaRouche possessed a marvelous ability to place any world happening in a larger context, which seemed to give the event additional meaning, but his thinking was ], lacking factual detail and depth. It was contradictory. His explanations were a bit too pat, and his mind worked so quickly that I always suspected his bravado covered over superficiality. He had an answer for everything. Sessions with him reminded me of a parlor game: present a problem, no matter how petty, and without so much as blinking his eye, LaRouche would dream up the solution.<ref name=Wohlforth>{{harvnb|Wohlforth}}</ref></blockquote>


LaRouche's critics, such as King and ], allege that in 1973, with little warning, LaRouche adopted more extreme ideas, a process accompanied by a campaign of violence against his opponents on the left, and the development of conspiracy theories and paranoia about his personal safety.<ref name=Lerman212>{{harvnb|Lerman|1988}}, p. 212.</ref> According to these accounts, he began to believe he was under threat of assassination from the Soviet Union, the CIA, Libya, drug dealers, and bankers.<ref name=MintzDec181987> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165033/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73863058.html?dids=73863058:73863058&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Dec+18%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=a.18&desc=Defense+Calls+LaRouche%2C+Followers+%60Most+Annoying%27 |date=November 7, 2012 }}.</ref> He also established a "Biological Holocaust Task Force", which, according to LaRouche, analyzed the public health consequences of ] (IMF) austerity policies for impoverished nations in Africa, and predicted that epidemics of ] as well as possibly entirely new diseases would strike Africa in the 1980s.<ref name="Toumey-1996-pp.87-92">{{harvnb|Toumey|1996|pp=87–92}}.</ref><ref>Grauerholz, Dr. John, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215155936/https://larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1990/eirv17n33-19900817/eirv17n33-19900817_014-the_aids_epidemic_four_years_lat.pdf |date=February 15, 2019 }}, ''EIR'' August 17, 1990</ref>
LaRouche left Wohlforth's group in 1965, and joined the ], which had split from Wohlforth. He left after a few months and wrote a letter to the SWP declaring that all factions of the Trotskyist ] were dead, and that he and his new partner, Carol Larrabee, also known as Carol Schnitzer, were going to build a ].<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|loc=chapter 18}}</ref> In 1966, the couple joined the Committee for Independent Political Action, a ]/] coalition that was running independent anti-war candidates in New York City elections, and formed a branch in Manhattan's ].


====1973: U.S. Labor Party====
===1967&ndash;1969: NCLC===
{{Further|U.S. Labor Party}}
{{rquote|right|Twenty to 30 students would ... sit on the floor surrounding LaRouche, who now sported a very shaggy beard ... LaRouche gave them esoteric assignments, such as searching through the writings of ] to discover Rudd's anarchistic origins, or studying ]'s ''The Accumulation of Capital.'' &mdash; Tim Wohlforth<ref name=Wohlforth/>}}
LaRouche founded the U.S. Labor Party in 1973 as the political arm of the NCLC.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412124434/https://www.heritage.org/report/the-us-domestic-issues-labor-party |date=April 12, 2019 }}.</ref><ref>Also see Rose, Gregory F. "The Swarmy Life and Times of the NCLC", ''National Review'', March 30, 1979</ref> At first, the party was "preaching Marxist revolution"; however, by 1977, it shifted from left-wing to ].<ref>Reich, Kenneth (September 21, 1977). {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165255/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/654015532.html?dids=654015532:654015532&FMT=CITE&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+21%2C+1977&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=QUITS+LEFTIST+CAMP&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}. ''Los Angeles Times'', page A3.</ref> A two-part article in '']'' in 1979 by ] and ] alleged that LaRouche had turned the party (at that point with 1,000 members in 37 offices in North America, and 26 in Europe and Latin America) into an extreme-right, ] organization, despite the presence of Jewish members. LaRouche denied the newspaper's charges, and said he had filed a $100 million libel suit; his press secretary said the articles were intended to "set up a credible climate for an assassination hit".<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107182611/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/685425541.html?dids=685425541:685425541&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+17%2C+1980&author=Charles+Kenney+Globe+Staff&pub=Boston+Globe+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=FRINGE+CANDIDATE+OR+A+THREAT%3F%3B+%3B+THE+LYNDON+LAROUCHE+CAMPAIGN&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}.</ref>
LaRouche began teaching classes on ] at New York City's Free School, and attracted around him a group of students from ] and the City College of New York, several of whom were involved with the ] ] (PLP), which was prominent in the ] (SDS). The ideas he began teaching in the late 1960s differed from orthodox Marxism, in that he supplemented the doctrine of class struggle with a strong emphasis on the dangers of a supposedly parasitical finance capital, as opposed to industrial capital. He continued with this emphasis throughout the following decade, while abandoning, for the most part, the use of Marxist jargon.


The ''Times'' alleged that members had taken courses in how to use knives and rifles; that a farm in upstate New York had been used for guerrilla training; and that several members had undergone a six-day anti-terrorist training course run by ], an arms dealer and former member of the ], who said he had ties to the ]. Journalists and publications the party regarded as unfriendly were harassed, and it published a list of potential assassins it saw as a threat. LaRouche expected members to devote themselves entirely to the party, place their savings and possessions at its disposal, and take out loans on its behalf. Party officials decided who each member should live with, and if someone left the movement, the remaining member was expected to live separately from the ex-member. LaRouche questioned spouses about their partner's sexual habits, the ''Times'' said, and in one case reportedly ordered a member to stop having sex with his wife, because it was making him "politically impotent".<ref name=Blum1979> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722100150/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/07/archives/us-labor-party-cult-surrounded-by-controversy-the-us-labor-party.html?sq=%2522U.S.%2520Labor%2520Party%3A%2520Cult%2520Surrounded%2520by%2520Controversy&scp=1&st=cse |date=July 22, 2018 }}.</ref><ref>For Mitchell Werbell saying he had ties to the CIA, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722101707/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/08/archives/one-man-leads-us-labor-party-on-its-erratic-path-federal-election.html?sq=One%2520Man%2520Leads%2520U.S.%2520Labor%2520Party%2520on%2520His%2520Erratic%2520Path&scp=1&st=cse |date=July 22, 2018 }}.</ref><ref>LaRouche hired WerBell as a security consultant for protection against an assassination threat and to train his security staff; see {{harvnb|Donner|Rothenberg|1980}}.</ref>
LaRouche's followers were heavily involved in the ] and occupation of Columbia University, and attempted to win control of the university's PLP and SDS branches by putting forward a political program linking student struggles with those of ] residents, transit workers, and the tenant movement.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=116}}.</ref> Once his following was large enough, LaRouche created his own faction within the Columbia SDS. There were other factions: the "action faction," which became the ], and the "praxis axis," which saw students as the vanguard of the revolution.<ref>{{harvnb|Jacobs|1971}}</ref> LaRouche called his faction the "SDS Labor Committee," which became influential within SDS chapters in Philadelphia. He criticized the SDS, and the New Left in general, for allowing itself to be influenced by the ], which he abhorred, and for not emphasizing work with trade unionists and tenants.


====1973: "Ego-stripping" and "brainwashing" allegations====<!--this subhead is linked to the redirect "Ego-stripping"-->
LaRouche's faction was expelled from the SDS in 1969 for supporting the New York City teachers' union in the ], and so the former SDS Labor Committee became the ] (NCLC), while continuing to function in some SDS chapters outside New York. Despite its name, it had no significant connection with the labor movement and viewed intellectuals as the revolutionary vanguard. According to Dennis King, NCLC's internal life became highly regimented over the next few years. Members gave up their jobs and private lives and became entirely devoted to the group and its leader. The movement developed an internal disciplinary technique called "ego stripping" (see ]), intended to reinforce conformity and loyalty.<ref name="Paul L. Montgomery 1974">{{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|pp=17–18, 20, 25–26}}</ref>
LaRouche began writing in 1973 about the use of certain psychological techniques on recruits. In an article called "Beyond Psychoanalysis", he wrote that a worker's persona had to be stripped away to arrive at a state he called "little me", from which it would be possible to "rebuild their personalities around a new socialist identity", according to '']''.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103174644/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20_3.html |date=November 3, 2012 }}.</ref><ref>Marcus, L. (Lyndon LaRouche). {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718072746/http://wlym.com/PDF-68-76/CAM74BP.pdf |date=July 18, 2011 }}, ''The Campaigner'', Vol 6, Nos. 3–4; September/October 1973.</ref> ''The New York Times'' wrote that the first such session{{snd}}which LaRouche called "ego-stripping"{{snd}}involved a German member, Konstantin George, in the summer of 1973. LaRouche said that during the session he discovered that a plot to assassinate him had been implanted in George's mind.<ref name=MontgomeryWitt/>


He recorded sessions with a 26-year-old British member, Chris White, who had moved to England with LaRouche's former partner, Carol Schnitzer. In December 1973 LaRouche asked the couple to return to the U.S. His followers sent tapes of the subsequent sessions with White to ''The New York Times'' as evidence of an assassination plot. According to the ''Times'', "here are sounds of weeping, and vomiting on the tapes, and Mr. White complains of being deprived of sleep, food and cigarettes. At one point someone says 'raise the voltage', but says this was associated with the bright lights used in the questioning rather than an electric shock." The ''Times'' wrote: "Mr. White complains of a terrible pain in his arm, then LaRouche can be heard saying, 'That's not real. That's in the program'." LaRouche told the newspaper White had been "reduced to an eight-cycle infinite loop with look-up table, with homosexual bestiality". He said White had not been harmed and that a physician{{snd}}a LaRouche movement member{{snd}}had been present throughout.<ref name=MontgomeryWitt> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318073137/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/01/20/93255116.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |date=March 18, 2020 }}, p. 51, column 5.</ref><ref>Also see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103174644/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20_3.html |date=November 3, 2012 }}.</ref> White ended up telling LaRouche he had been programmed by the CIA and British intelligence to set up LaRouche for assassination by Cuban exile frogmen.<ref name=Tourish2000p74>{{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000|p=74}}.</ref>
==1970s==
===1972: U.S. Labor Party===
{{See|U.S. Labor Party}}
]]]


According to ''The Washington Post'', "brainwashing hysteria" took hold of the movement. One activist said he attended meetings where members were writhing on the floor saying they needed de-programming.<ref name=Witt2004p3/> In two weeks in January 1974, the group issued 41 separate press releases about brainwashing. One activist, Alice Weitzman, expressed skepticism about the claims.<ref>For the Weitzman details, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318073137/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1974/01/20/93255116.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |date=March 18, 2020 }}, p. 1; for 41 press releases about brainwashing, see p. 51, column 2.
In 1972, he founded the U.S. Labor Party as the political arm of the NCLC.<ref>{{harvnb|Laver|1980}}</ref> The party became highly controversial (see ]). In a two-part article about it, ''The New York Times'' called it a "cult-like right-wing political organization,"<ref name="Blum1979"/> while the ''National Review'' called it a "self-styled 'Marxist' organization."<ref>{{harvnb|Rose|1979}}</ref> The LaRouche organization described it in 1995 as "an independent political association committed to the tradition of ], ], ], and President ]."<ref>, July 28, 1995, accessdate 09/24/2009</ref> It was disbanded in 1979, becoming the National Democratic Policy Committee (NDPC).
* For the police investigation, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722100201/https://www.nytimes.com/1974/01/24/archives/trial-date-is-set-for-6-radicals-accused-of-kidnapping-woman.html?sq=Trial+Date+Is+Set+for+6+Radicals+Accused+of+Kidnapping+Woman&scp=1&st=p |date=July 22, 2018 }} and {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722100649/https://www.nytimes.com/1974/02/27/archives/6-marxists-here-absolved-of-imprisoning-a-member.html?scp=1 |date=July 22, 2018 }}.
* Also see {{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000}}, pp. 74–75.</ref>


===1974: Contacts with far-right groups, intelligence gathering===
===1973: "Operation Mop-Up" and ideological shift===
LaRouche established contacts with ]'s ] and elements of the ] in 1974.<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|1989}}<br />{{*}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308142334/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-05-31-me-8256-story.html |date=March 8, 2021 }}<br />{{*}}{{cite magazine|last=Spiro|first=Peter|title=Paranoid Politics: Your tax dollars at work.|pages=10–12|magazine=The New Republic|date=February 6, 1984}}<br />{{*}}{{cite book|editor-last=Chanes|editor-first=Jerome A.|title=Antisemitism in America today: outspoken experts explode the myths|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jcxtAAAAMAAJ|access-date=February 16, 2012|date= 1995|publisher=Carol Pub. Group|isbn=978-1559722902|page=192|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108081941/http://books.google.com/books?id=jcxtAAAAMAAJ|archive-date=November 8, 2013|url-status=live}}<br />{{*}}{{harvnb|Michael|2008|pp=110–111}}<br />{{*}}{{cite book|last=Hamilton|first=Neil A.|title=Rebels and renegades: a chronology of social and political dissent in the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jZymqT1HmqAC|access-date=February 16, 2012|year=2002|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0415936392|page=283|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131108113951/http://books.google.com/books?id=jZymqT1HmqAC|archive-date=November 8, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> ] and ] wrote that he made successful overtures to the Liberty Lobby and ]'s ], adding that the "racist" policies of LaRouche's U.S. Labor Party endeared it to members of the Ku Klux Klan.<ref>{{harvnb|Donner|Rothenberg|1980}}</ref> ], in ''Willis Carto and the American Far Right'', says that LaRouche shared with the Liberty Lobby's ] an antipathy towards the ].<ref name=Michael>{{Harvnb|Michael|2008|pp=110–111}}</ref> The Liberty Lobby defended its alliance with LaRouche by saying the U.S. Labor Party had been able to "confuse, disorient, and disunify the Left".<ref name=Michael/>
According to LaRouche's autobiography, it was in 1969 that violent altercations began between his members and ] groups. He wrote that ]'s faction began assaulting LaRouche's faction at Columbia University. "Other organized physical attacks against my friends would follow, inside the United States and abroad," he wrote. "Communist Party goon-squad attacks began in Chicago, in summer 1972, and continued sporadically up to the concerted assault launched during March 1973. During 1972, there was also a goon-attack on associates of mine by the SWP."<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|1987|p=117}}</ref>


Gregory Rose, a former chief of counter-intelligence for LaRouche who became an FBI informant in 1973, said that while the LaRouche movement had extensive links to the Liberty Lobby, there was also copious evidence of a connection to the ]. George and Wilcox say neither connection amounted to much{{snd}}they assert that LaRouche was "definitely not a Soviet agent" and state that while the contact with the Liberty Lobby is often used to imply {{"'}}links' and 'ties' between LaRouche and the extreme right", it was in fact transient and marked by mutual suspicion. The Liberty Lobby soon pronounced itself disillusioned with LaRouche, citing his movement's adherence to "basic socialist positions" and his softness on "the major ] groups" as fundamental points of difference. According to George and Wilcox, American ] leaders expressed misgivings over the number of Jews and members of other minority groups in his organization, and did not consider LaRouche an ally.<ref>For Gregory Rose's position, see Johnson 1983, p. 204.
Antony Lerman writes that, in 1973 and with little warning, LaRouche adopted far-right, even neo-Nazi, ideas, a process accompanied by a campaign of violence against his opponents on the left. The violence was accompanied by the development of conspiracy theories and paranoia about his personal safety, often involving alleged attempts to assassinate him.<ref name=Lerman212>{{harvnb|Lerman|1988|p=212}}</ref> LaRouche said in 1987 that, since 1973, he has believed he is under the threat of assassination from a number of sources, including the Soviet Union, the CIA, Libya, drug dealers, and bankers.<ref>Mintz Jan 31, 1987</ref> According to Boris Mezhuyev writing for a Russian news agency, LaRouche's ideological shift at this time replaced Marxism with what LaRouche called the ] and the spirit of ]'s ].<ref>{{harvnb|Mezhuyev|2009}}</ref>
* {{harvnb|George|Wilcox|1992|pp=317–318, 322}}.</ref> George Johnson, in ''Architects of Fear'', similarly states that LaRouche's overtures to far right groups were pragmatic rather than sincere. A 1975 party memo spoke of uniting with these groups only to overthrow the established order, adding that once that goal had been accomplished, "eliminating our right-wing opposition will be comparatively easy".<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|1983}}, p. 207.</ref>
]


] wrote in ''The New York Times'' that, from 1976 onward, party members sent reports to the FBI and local police regarding members of left-wing organizations. In 1977, he wrote, commercial reports on U.S. anti-apartheid groups were prepared by LaRouche members for the South African government, student dissidents were reported to the Shah of Iran's ] secret police, and the anti-nuclear movement was investigated on behalf of power companies.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kilgore|first=Ed|date=2019-02-13|title=Political Cult Leader Lyndon LaRouche Dies at 96|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/02/political-cult-leader-lyndon-larouche-dies-at-96.html|access-date=2021-08-13|website=Intelligencer|language=en-us|archive-date=March 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328042317/http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/02/political-cult-leader-lyndon-larouche-dies-at-96.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Johnson says the intelligence network was made up of "obnoxious devotees commandeering ]s and tricking bureaucrats into giving them information".<ref name="Johnson1989">{{harvnb|Johnson|1989}}</ref> By the late 1970s, members were exchanging almost daily information with ], a government informant and infiltrator of both far right and far left groups who was involved with the ] and the ].<ref name="Wilcox-1992-pp319-320"/><ref name=":0">{{cite news|last1=Montgomery|first1=Paul L.|last2=Blum|first2=Howard|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/07/archives/us-labor-party-cult-surrounded-by-controversy-the-us-labor-party.html|title=U.S. Labor Party: Cult Surrounded by Controversy|work=The New York Times|date=October 7, 1979|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807013922/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9802E7DB1438E432A25754C0A9669D946890D6CF|archive-date=August 7, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Shenon|1986}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Sims|1996}}, p. 63.</ref> The LaRouche organization believed Frankhouser to be a federal agent who had been assigned to infiltrate right-wing and left-wing groups, and that he had evidence that these groups were actually being manipulated or controlled by the FBI and other agencies.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1975/eirv02n32-19750723/eirv02n32-19750723_009-leaa_gestapo_operations_in_readi.pdf|title=LEAA Gestapo Operations in Reading, Pa.|access-date=April 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314060337/http://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1975/eirv02n32-19750723/eirv02n32-19750723_009-leaa_gestapo_operations_in_readi.pdf|archive-date=March 14, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>"The Busing Plot: CIA Plans Fall Race Riots, Organizes Both Sides" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314051439/http://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1974/eirv01n10-19740708/eirv01n10-19740708_016-the_busing_plot_cia_plans_fall_r.pdf|date=March 14, 2017}}, EIR, July 8, 1974</ref> LaRouche and his associates considered Frankhouser to be a valuable intelligence contact, and took his links to extremist groups to be a cover for his intelligence work.<ref name="Wilcox-1992-pp319-320">{{harvnb|George|Wilcox|1992|pp=319–320}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=201}}</ref><ref name="Blum, October 7, 1979"/> Frankhouser played into these expectations, misrepresenting himself as a conduit for communications to LaRouche from "Mr. Ed", an alleged CIA contact who did not exist in reality.<ref name="Wilcox-1992-pp319-320"/><ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=201}}.</ref>
Between April and September 1973, during what LaRouche called "Operation Mop-Up," NCLC members began physically attacking members of other leftist groups, groups that LaRouche had classified as "left-protofascists." Armed with chains, bats, and martial-art ] sticks, they assaulted members of the Communist Party, the Socialist Workers Party, the ], and others, on the streets and during meetings. There were 60 recorded assaults in five months.<ref>{{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000|p=73}}; {{harvnb|Hentoff|1974}}; {{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}.</ref> A ''New Solidarity'' editorial said of the Communist Party: "We must dispose of this stinking corpse to ensure that it cannot act as a host for maggots and other parasites... Our job is to pulverize the Communist Party."<ref name=LaRoucheApril161973>''New Solidarity'', April 16, 1973.</ref> King writes that LaRouche halted the operation when police arrested several of his followers on assault charges, and after the groups under attack formed joint defense teams.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|pp=23&ndash;24}}</ref>


Blum wrote, at around this time, that LaRouche's Computron Technologies Corporation included Mobil Oil and Citibank among its clients, that his World Composition Services had one of the most advanced typesetting complexes in the city and had the ] among its clients, and that his PMR Associates produced the party's publications and some high school newspapers.<ref name="Blum, October 7, 1979"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151549/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1979/10/07/112124074.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |date=May 28, 2022 }}.</ref>
LaRouche wrote in 2000 that the FBI had been using the Communist Party at that time to bring about his "personal 'elimination'."<ref>LaRouche March 10, 2000.</ref> He cited an October 1973 document, obtained in 1992 through ], which noted that the ] was conducting a background investigation "for the purpose of ultimately eliminating" LaRouche and the NCLC; the memo suggested that the FBI help them anonymously. LaRouche wrote that this took place as part of ], a series of covert, and often illegal, FBI projects aimed at investigating and disrupting dissident political organizations within the United States which ended officially in 1971.<ref>LaRouche February 9, 1998.</ref>


Around the same time, according to Blum, LaRouche was telling his membership several times a year that he was being targeted for assassination, including by the ], Zionist mobsters, the ], the Justice Department, and the ].<ref name="Blum, October 7, 1979"/> LaRouche sued the City of New York in 1974, saying the CIA and British spies had tortured and drugged his associates to brainwash his associates into killing him.<ref name=":5">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1987/05/17/larouche-filings-plots-spies/8c26cef7-bdbc-4b27-88fa-3b491451934a/|title=LaRouche Filings: Plots, Spies|last=Mintz|first=John|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=May 17, 1987|access-date=April 3, 2022|archive-date=May 28, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151557/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1987/05/17/larouche-filings-plots-spies/8c26cef7-bdbc-4b27-88fa-3b491451934a/|url-status=live}}</ref> According to '']'' of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, LaRouche said he had been "threatened by Communists, Zionists, narcotics gangsters, the Rockefellers and international terrorists."<ref>"Federal Probe Pins Top Aides of LaRouche", Philip Shenon, ''Patriot&nbsp;– News'', October 7, 1986</ref> LaRouche later said:
==="Ego-stripping"===<!--this subhead is linked to-->
In the summer of 1973, LaRouche and the NCLC began using ] techniques.<ref name=King&Lynch>{{harvnb|King|Lynch|1986}}</ref> LaRouche told NCLC members that they had to face their psychosexual fears in order to become more effective. In ''The Sexual Impotence of the Puerto Rican Socialist Party,'' he declared that "sexual impotency is generally the causal root of Left political impotency."<ref name=Witt2004p3>{{harvnb|Witt|2004|p=3}}</ref><ref name=King&Lynch />


{{Quote|style=font-size:100%;|text=Since late 1973, I have been repeatedly the target of serious assassination threats and my wife has been three times the target of attempted assassination. ...&nbsp;My enemies are the circles of McGeorge Bundy, Henry Kissinger, Soviet General Secretary ], ], certain powerful bankers, and the Socialist and Nazi Internationals, as well as international drug traffickers, ], ], and the ] lobby.<ref>"Oddball tycoon wins some battles", John King, '']'', January 26, 1984</ref>}}
In ''Beyond Psychoanalysis'', LaRouche argued that bourgeois elements of a worker's persona had to be stripped away to arrive at a state he called "little me", from which it would be possible to build a new personality, centred on a socialist identity.<ref name=Witt2004p3/> In this "ego stripping" process, members would be subjected to verbal attacks and personal criticisms by the entire group, until they broke down.<ref name=King&Lynch /> This, LaRouche argued, was the point at which an individual "abruptly 'breaks free' as if from a drugged state; a sudden personality change occurs, in which the group sees the real person come forth, assume control of himself, or herself, and bring the ego-state under control." LaRouche therefore viewed the process as "an act of social love."<ref name=King&Lynch />


====1975–1976: presidential campaign====
LaRouche might pick a random candidate for an ego-stripping session, but as in other leftist groups, ego-stripping sessions were also sometimes used on workers who had failed to perform some task satisfactorily.<ref name=King&Lynch /> One member who left the movement, Christine Berl, later described the experience as "pure psychological terror."<ref name=Tourish2000p74>{{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000|p=74}}</ref>
{{Further|Lyndon LaRouche U.S. presidential campaigns|Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement#LaRouche's campaign platforms}}
]
], FBI Director, called the NCLC a "violence-oriented organization".<ref name=Rosenfeld1976/>]]
In March 1975, ], director of the FBI, testified before the ] that the NCLC was "a violence-oriented organization of 'revolutionary socialists' with a membership of nearly 1,000 in chapters in some 50 cities". He said that during the previous two years its members had been "involved in fights, beatings, using drugs, kidnappings, brainwashings, and at least one shooting. They are reported to be armed, to have received defensive training such as karate, and to attend cadre schools and training schools to learn military tactics".<ref name=Rosenfeld1976>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165429/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/120029198.html?dids=120029198:120029198&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+24%2C+1976&author=Stephen+S.+Rosenfeld&pub=The+Washington+Post++%281974-Current+file%29&edition=&startpage=A15&desc=NCLC%3A+%27A+Domestic+Political+Menace%27 |date=November 7, 2012 }}.
* For Clarence Kelley's statement, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://books.google.com/books?id=ktURAAAAIAAJ&q=%22involved+in+fights,+beatings,+using+drugs,+kidnappings,+brainwashings,+and+at+least+one+shooting%22&en&ei=TQZlTfvFA8vSgQfmyc2SBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA |date=October 17, 2015 }}, Committee on Foreign Relations, January 25, 1977, p. 49.
</ref>


In 1975, under the name ''Lyn Marcus'', LaRouche published '']'', described by its only reviewer as "the most peculiar and idiosyncratic" introduction to economics he had ever seen. Mixing economics, history, anthropology, sociology and a surprisingly large helping of ], the work argued that most prominent Marxists had misunderstood Marx, and that ] economics arose when philosophy took a wrong, ] turn under ] like ] and ].<ref name=HigherEd>McLemee, Scott. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110417133920/http://www.insidehighered.com/views/mclemee/mclemee132 |date=April 17, 2011 }}, '']'', July 11, 2007</ref><ref name=Bronf>Bronfenbrenner, Martin. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214174501/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1830175 |date=February 14, 2019 }}, '']'', Vol. 84, No. 1 (Feb. 1976), pp. 123–130</ref>
One ego-stripping session was recorded&mdash;that of a 26-year-old British LaRouche member, Chris White&mdash;and the tape was sent to ''The New York Times'' by LaRouche activists, who said White had intended to kill LaRouche. According to the ''Times'', "There are sounds of weeping, and vomiting on the tapes, and Mr. White complains of being deprived of sleep, food and cigarettes. At one point someone says 'raise the voltage,' but (LaRouche) says this was associated with the bright lights used in the questioning rather than an electric shock."<ref>{{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}; also see {{harvnb|Witt|2004}}</ref>


In 1976, LaRouche campaigned for the first time in a presidential election as a U.S. Labor Party candidate, polling 40,043 votes (0.05%). It was the first of eight consecutive presidential elections in which he ran between 1976 and 2004. It enabled him to attract $5.9 million in federal ]; candidates seeking their party's presidential nomination qualify for matching funds if they raise $5,000 in each of at least 20 states.<ref>
White had formed a romantic relationship with LaRouche's former partner, Carol Larrabee. The couple left the States and moved to England, where they tried to form an NCLC branch. In December 1973, LaRouche asked them to return to the U.S. to attend a conference. White knew he would be subjected to an ego-stripping session, and he reportedly broke down during the flight, shouting that the CIA was planning to kill Larrabee and LaRouche.<ref name=Tourish2000p74/> The ego-stripping went ahead anyway, with LaRouche in attendance. LaRouche can be heard on the tape telling White that a pain he complained of in his arm was not real, but "part of the program."<ref name=Witt2004p3/> White reportedly ended up confessing that he had been tortured by the CIA and British intelligence, and had been programmed, in the manner of '']'', to kill Larrabee and set up LaRouche for assassination.<ref name=Tourish2000p74/> Group members subsequently underwent training on how to detect other agents like White, and how to withstand the sort of torture they believed White had been subjected to.<ref name=Tourish2000p74 /> In the words of April Witt, writing in ''The Washington Post'', "brainwashing hysteria" took hold of the movement. One activist said he attended meetings where members were writhing on the floor saying they needed de-programming.<ref name=Witt2004p3/>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103174644/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20_3.html |date=November 3, 2012 }}.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321103409/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/americas/2000/us_elections/glossary/e-f/652632.stm |date=March 21, 2012 }}, BBC News, February 22, 2000.
* For the number of votes, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426132914/https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1976 |date=April 26, 2019 }}, ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2011, Retrieved March 22, 2011.
</ref> His platform predicted financial disaster by 1980 accompanied by famine and the virtual extinction of the human race within 15 years, and proposed a debt moratorium; nationalization of banks; government investment in industry especially in the aerospace sector, and an "International Development Bank" to facilitate higher food production.<ref>Dabilis, Andy. "Labor candidates explain platform", ''The Sunday Sun'', (Lowell, Mass), May 30, 1976, p. B5.
* Also see Johnson, Donald Bruce. ''National Party Platforms: 1960–1976''. Volume 2, University of Illinois Press, 1978, p. 1007.</ref> When ] appeared in the U.S. that year, he said it was a continuation of the ], and that senators who opposed vaccination were suppressing the link as part of a "genocidal policy".<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216040736/https://newint.org//features/1987/03/05/unclean/ |date=February 16, 2019 }}.</ref>


His campaign included a paid half-hour television address, which allowed him to air his views before a national audience, something that became a regular feature of his later campaigns. There were protests about this, and about the NCLC's involvement in public life generally. Writing in ''The Washington Post'', ] said LaRouche's ideas belonged to the radical right, neo-Nazi fringe, and that his main interests lay in disruption and disinformation; Rosenfeld called the NCLC one of the "chief polluters" of political democracy. Rosenfeld argued that the press should be "chary" of offering them print or airtime: "A duplicitous violence-prone group with fascistic proclivities should not be presented to the public, unless there is reason to present it in those terms." LaRouche wrote in 1999 that this comment had "openly declared&nbsp;... a policy of malicious lying" against him.<ref>
Another activist, Alice Weitzman, expressed skepticism about the CIA claims. According to Dennis Tourish and Tim Wohlforth, LaRouche sent six members to her apartment, where she was held captive and forced to listen to Beethoven at high volume, because LaRouche believed Beethoven's music could de-program agents. Weitzman scribbled a plea for help on a piece of paper, and threw it out of her window. A passer-by contacted the police, who freed her, but she declined to press charges.<ref>{{harvnb|Montgomery|1974}}; {{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000|pp=74&ndash;75}}</ref>
For Rosenfeld in ''The Washington Post'', see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165429/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/120029198.html?dids=120029198:120029198&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+24%2C+1976&author=Stephen+S.+Rosenfeld&pub=The+Washington+Post++%281974-Current+file%29&edition=&startpage=A15&desc=NCLC%3A+%27A+Domestic+Political+Menace%27 |date=November 7, 2012 }}.
* For LaRouche's view of Rosenfeld's article, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109213718/http://larouchepub.com/lar/1999/lar_littleton_2627.html |date=November 9, 2017 }}, footnote 25.
* For another account of the Detroit attack on the SWP, see {{harvnb|Sheppard|2005|p=328}}
</ref>


] in 2005]]
===1974: ''Executive Intelligence Review''===
{{See|Executive Intelligence Review}}
LaRouche founded the weekly newsmagazine, ''Executive Intelligence Review'' (EIR), and the New Solidarity International Press Service, in 1974. A strong supporter of ], he founded the ] the same year.<ref>{{harvnb|Seife|2008|p=163f}}</ref>


====1977: Second marriage====
John Rausch writes that EIR was part of LaRouche's plan in the 1970s to form a global intelligence network. He organized the network as though it consisted of news services and magazines, which gained the LaRouche movement access to government officials under press cover. EIR came to be known for its conspiracy theories, publishing ''inter alia'' that ] was the head of an international drug-smuggling cartel, and that the 1995 ] was the first strike in a British attempt to take over the United States.<ref name=Rausch>{{harvnb|Rausch|2003}}</ref>
LaRouche married again in 1977. His wife, ], was then a leading activist in the ] branch of the movement. She went on to work closely with LaRouche for the rest of her career, standing for election in Germany in 1980 for his ''Europäische Arbeiterpartei'' (European Workers Party), and founding the ] in Germany in 1984.<ref>For the election, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629054146/http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-14331971.html |date=June 29, 2011 }}, ''Der Spiegel'', September 22, 1980; {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314044047/http://wissen.spiegel.de/wissen/image/show.html?did=14331971&aref=image036%2F2006%2F06%2F16%2Fcq-sp198003901310133.pdf&thumb=false |date=March 14, 2012 }}; {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151550/http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=en&ie=UTF-8&sl=de&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fspiegel%2Fprint%2Fd-14331971.html&prev=_t&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgRk3XatovJKMCgsTRH0xTYM67j5g |date=May 28, 2022 }}.
* For the Schiller Institute, see {{harvnb|King|1989}}, pp. xiii, 41.</ref>


===1980s===
Other publications that LaRouche came to run were ''The New Federalist''; '']''; ''Nouvelle Solidarité'' in France; ''Neue Solidarität'', published by ], a LaRouche group in Germany; and ''Fidelio'', the quarterly magazine of the Schiller Institute.
====National Democratic Policy Committee, "October Surprise" theory====
From the autumn of 1979, the LaRouche movement conducted most of its U.S. electoral activities as the National Democratic Policy Committee (NDPC), a political action committee.<ref>
Frank, Lynn. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506075951/http://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/20/nyregion/klenetsky-opposes-moynihan-with-unusual-list-of-charges.html?scp=1&sq=&st=nyt |date=May 6, 2016 }}, ''The New York Times'', September 20, 1982.
* Also see Richard, Clay F. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rQwhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XHIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1280,2361605&dq=national-democratic-policy-committee&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, UPI, March 27, 1986.
</ref> The name drew complaints from the Democratic Party's ]. Democratic Party leaders refused to recognize LaRouche as a party member, or to seat the few delegates he received in his seven primary campaigns as a Democrat.<ref>{{harvnb|Bradley|2004}}.</ref> In its 2019 obituary of LaRouche, '']'' magazine reported that LaRouche's attempts to pose as a Democrat were originally an attempt at a spoiler operation to divide the opponents of ].<ref name="NYM20190213">{{cite news|last=Kilgore|first=Ed|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/02/political-cult-leader-lyndon-larouche-dies-at-96.html|title=Political Cult Leader Lyndon LaRouche Dies at 96|work=]|date=February 13, 2019|access-date=March 28, 2021|archive-date=March 28, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328042317/http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/02/political-cult-leader-lyndon-larouche-dies-at-96.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


LaRouche's campaign platforms advocated a return to the ], including a gold-based national and world monetary system; fixed exchange rates; and abolishing the ].<ref>Benshoff, Anastasia. "Bush and Clinton aren't the only candidates in presidential race," Associated Press, August 27, 1992.</ref> He supported the replacement of the ] system, including the U.S. ] System, with a "national bank";<ref>{{harvnb|Tipton|1986}}.</ref> a war on drug trafficking and prosecution of banks involved in money laundering;<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165409/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/685443211.html?dids=685443211:685443211&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+26%2C+1980&author=&pub=Boston+Globe+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=ON+THE+LYNDON+LAROUCHE+CAMPAIGN&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}.</ref> building a ]; the building of nuclear power plants; and a crash program to build ]s and lasers, including support for elements of the ] (SDI). He opposed the Soviet Union and supported a military buildup to prepare for imminent war; supported the screening and quarantine of ] patients; and opposed environmentalism, deregulation, outcome-based education, and abortion:<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024164646/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=CSTB&p_theme=cstb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB36CF805E74BFE&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |date=October 24, 2012 }}, ''Chicago Sun-Times'', March 20, 1986, p. 4.</ref>
===1974&ndash;1975: Soviets, Iraq, FBI===
LaRouche said he met with representatives of the Soviet Union at the United Nations in 1974 and 1975 to discuss attacks by the ] on the NCLC, and to propose that the former be merged into the latter. He denied receiving any assistance from the Soviets.<ref>{{harvnb|Perlman|1984}}</ref> He visited Baghdad in 1975, and made a presentation to a ] conference about his "Oasis Plan," a proposal for ] peace based on the construction of water projects. In the same year, ''New Solidarity'' began running articles favorable to Iraq, and extensively quoting ].<ref name=Rosenfeld1976/>
], the then FBI Director, called the NCLC a "violence-oriented organization" that he said was involved in fights, drugs, and kidnappings.<ref name=Rosenfeld1976/>]]
In March 1975, ], then the director of the FBI, described LaRouche's NCLC as, "a violence-oriented organization of 'revolutionary socialists' with a membership of nearly 1,000 in chapters in some 50 cities ... involved in fights, beatings, using drugs, kidnappings, brainwashings, and at least one shooting. They are reported to be armed, to have received defensive training such as karate, and to attend cadre schools and training schools to learn military tactics."<ref name=Rosenfeld1976>{{harvnb|Rosenfeld|1976}}</ref>


{{Quote |style=font-size: 100%; |text=No more will the United States fight World Wars to save the ] in any shape or guise. No more will the United States tolerate the British system, whether colonial or ]. No more will the United States tolerate the economics of ] in any part of the world. We are going to take this aching, poor, hungry world and we're going to transform it with American methods. We're going to transform it through the export and development of high technology, we're going to have ]s and ] projects and every '']'', Federally-directed, scientific crazed program that we deem necessary.|author=Lyndon LaRouche|title=at the opening of the ], 1979}}
===1976: First presidential campaign===
{{See|Lyndon LaRouche U.S. Presidential campaigns|Views of Lyndon LaRouche#Campaign platforms}}
In 1976, LaRouche campaigned for ] as a U.S. Labor Party candidate, polling 40,043 votes (0.05 percent). It was the first of eight presidential elections he took part in, attracting $5.9 million in federal matching funds, according to ''The Washington Post'', which writes that he has never won more than 80,000 votes in any election cycle.<ref name=Witt2004p3/>


In December 1980, LaRouche and his followers started what came to be known as the "]" allegation,<ref name="Newsweek; November 10, 1991">{{cite news |last=Barry |first=John |date=November 10, 1991 |title=Making Of A Myth |url=https://www.newsweek.com/making-myth-201934 |newspaper=Newsweek |access-date=April 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150313144428/http://www.newsweek.com/making-myth-201934 |archive-date=March 13, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> namely that in October 1980 Ronald Reagan's campaign staff conspired with the Iranian government during the ] to delay the release of 52 American hostages held in Iran, with the aim of helping Reagan win the ] against ]. The Iranians had agreed to this, according to the theory, in exchange for future weapons sales from the Reagan administration. The first publication of the story was in LaRouche's ''Executive Intelligence Review'' on December 2, 1980, followed by his ''New Solidarity'' on September 2, 1983, alleging that ], one of LaRouche's regular targets, had met Iran's Ayatollah ] in Paris, according to Iranian sources in Paris. The theory was later echoed by former Iranian President ] and former Naval intelligence officer and National Security Council member ].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/07/world/bani-sadr-in-us-renews-charges-of-1980-deal.html|title=Bani-Sadr, in U.S., Renews Charges of 1980 Deal|date=May 7, 1991|newspaper=The New York Times|last1=Lewis|first1=Neil A.|access-date=February 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090423081211/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/07/world/bani-sadr-in-us-renews-charges-of-1980-deal.html|archive-date=April 23, 2009|url-status=live}}</ref>
LaRouche's U.S. Labor party platform predicted financial disaster by 1980 and included a three-step proposal to restore the financial health of the nation that it said had been ruined by "the vicious incompetence of the Rockefeller-Ford regime or the foolish babbling of windbags like Hubert Humphrey": a debt moratorium; nationalization of banks; and government investment in industry especially in the aerospace sector. In addition to financial collapse, the party predicted mass starvation and disease, "possibly rendering the human race itself virtually extinct within about 15 years." It called for the creation of an "International Development Bank" based on agreements between the U.S. and USSR governments to facilitate higher food production.<ref>{{harvnb|Dabilis|1976}}</ref>


====1983: Move from New York to Loudoun County====
His 1976 campaign included a paid half-hour television address, which allowed LaRouche to air his views before a national audience, something that became a regular feature of his later campaigns. There were protests in 1976 about his television address, and about the involvement of the NCLC in public life generally. Writing in ''The Washington Post'', Stephen Rosenfeld said LaRouche's ideas belonged to the radical right, neo-Nazi fringe, and that his main interests lay in disruption and disinformation. The NCLC had been terrorizing a number of people on the left, he wrote, including ], ], and ], and had attacked SWP members in Detroit with clubs, reportedly including a paraplegic member. "We of the press should be chary of offering them print or air time. There is no reason to be too delicate about it: Every day we decide whose voices to relay. A duplicitous violence-prone group with fascistic proclivities should not be presented to the public," he wrote, "unless there is reason to present it in those terms."<ref name="Rosenfeld1976"/> LaRouche wrote in 1999 that this editorial comment "openly declared... a policy of malicious lying" and was part of "the fraudulent hate-campaign" against him.<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche|2000}}</ref>
''The Washington Post'' wrote that LaRouche and his wife moved in August 1983 from New York to a 13-room Georgian mansion on a 250-acre section of the ], near ], ], ]. The property was owned at the time by a company registered in Switzerland. Companies associated with LaRouche continued to buy property in the area, including part of Leesburg's industrial park, purchased by LaRouche's Lafayette/Leesburg Ltd. Partnership to develop a printing plant and office complex.<ref name=MintzJan131985/>


Neighbors said they saw LaRouche guards in camouflage clothes carrying semi-automatic weapons, and the ''Post'' wrote that the house had sandbag-buttressed guard posts nearby, along with metal spikes in the driveway and concrete barriers on the road. One of his aides said LaRouche was safer in Loudoun County: "The terrorist organizations which have targeted Mr. LaRouche do not have bases of operations in Virginia." LaRouche said his new home meant a shorter commute to Washington. A former associate said the move also meant his members would be more isolated from friends and family than they had been in New York.<ref name=MintzJan131985> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817102329/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou3.htm |date=August 17, 2017 }}.</ref> According to the ''Post'' in 2004, local people who opposed him for any reason were accused in LaRouche publications of being communists, homosexuals, drug pushers, and terrorists. He reportedly accused the Leesburg Garden Club of being a nest of Soviet sympathizers, and a local lawyer who opposed LaRouche on a zoning matter went into hiding after threatening phone calls and a death threat.<ref name=Witt2004p3/> In leaflets supporting his application of concealed weapons permits for his bodyguards in Leesburg, Virginia, he wrote:
A year later, in 1977, LaRouche married again. His new wife, ], was a leading activist in the German branch of the movement. She went on to work closely with LaRouche for the rest of his career, founding the ] in Germany in 1984.


{{Quote |style=font-size: 100%; |text=I have a major personal security problem&nbsp;... the assassination teams of professional mercenaries now being trained in Canada and along the Mexico border may be expected to start arriving on the streets of Leesburg&nbsp;... If they come, there will be many people dead or mutilated within as short an interval as 60 seconds of fire.<ref>"Man who calls Queen a pusher worries town", Matthew Wald. ''Gazette''. Montreal, Quebec April 14, 1986</ref>}}
===Criticism of the U.S. Labor Party===<!--this section is linked to-->
{{See|U.S. Labor Party}}
In 1979, a two-part article by Howard Blum and ] appeared in the ''New York Times'' that accused LaRouche of running a cult.<ref>{{harvnb|Blum|1979}}; {{harvnb|Montgomery|1979}}</ref> Blum wrote that LaRouche had turned the U.S. Labor Party&mdash;with 1,000 members listed in 37 offices in North America, and 26 in Europe and Latin America&mdash;into an extreme-right, anti-Semitic organization, despite the presence of Jewish members. The ''Times'' alleged that members had taken courses in how to use knives and rifles, and had produced reports for South Africa on anti-apartheid groups in the United States. A farm in upstate New York was allegedly being used for guerrilla training, attended by LaRouche members from Germany and Mexico. Several members also underwent a six-day anti-terrorist training course, at a cost of $200 per person per day, at a camp in ], run by Mitchell L. Werbell, an international arms dealer, who had served as an advisor to several Latin American dictators and who said he was connected to the CIA.<ref name=Blum1979>{{harvnb|Blum|1979}}</ref>


Of LaRouche's paramilitary security force, armed with semi-automatic weapons,<ref>"1986 Authorities See Pattern of Threats, Plots Dark Side of LaRouche Empire Surfaces", Kevin Roderick, '']'', October 14, 1986</ref> a spokesperson said that it was necessary because LaRouche was the subject of "assassination conspiracies".<ref>"CBS Sells Time To Fringe Candidate For Talk", Petter Kerr, '']'' January 22, 1984</ref>
The ''Times'' reported that U.S. Labor Party members were playing a dominant role in a number of companies in Manhattan: Computron Technologies Corporation, which included Mobil Oil and Citibank among its clients; World Composition Services, which the Times wrote had one of the most advanced typesetting complexes in the city and had the Ford Foundation among its clients; and PMR Associates, a printing shop that produced the party's publications and some high school newspapers (see ]).<ref name=Blum1979/>
]


====1984: Schiller Institute, television spots, contact with Reagan administration====
Blum wrote that, from 1976 onwards, party members were transmitting intelligence reports on left-wing members to the FBI and local police. In 1977, he wrote, commercial reports on U.S. anti-apartheid groups were prepared by LaRouche members for the South African government, student dissidents were reported to the Shah of Iran's ] secret police, and the anti-nuclear movement was investigated on behalf of power companies. He also wrote that LaRouche was telling his membership several times a year that he was being targeted for assassination, including by the Queen, "big-time Zionist mobsters," the Council on Foreign Relations, the Justice Department, and the Mossad.<ref name=Blum1979/>
{{Further|Schiller Institute}}
Helga Zepp-LaRouche founded the Schiller Institute in Germany in 1984.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171122012441/http://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/29/world/state-dept-official-s-speech-is-interrupted-by-a-rightist.html |date=November 22, 2017 }}.</ref> In the same year, LaRouche raised enough money to purchase 14 television spots, at $330,000 each, in which he called ]—the Democratic Party's presidential nominee—a Soviet agent of influence, triggering over 1,000 telephone complaints.<ref>
For the cost of the spots, see {{harvnb|Lowther|1986}}.
* For Mondale, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105072257/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/10/world/americas/10iht-10buy.16836896.html |date=January 5, 2016 }}.
* For the 1,000 complaints, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165127/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/674450182.html?dids=674450182:674450182&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=Oct+24%2C+1984&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=TV+Viewers+Irate+Over+Slur+at+Mondale&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}.
* For his allegations about Henry Kissinger, see {{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, PR Newswire, March 26, 1984.
</ref> On April 19, 1986, NBC's '']'' aired a sketch satirizing the ads, portraying the Queen of the United Kingdom and Henry Kissinger as drug dealers. LaRouche received 78,773 votes in the 1984 presidential election.<ref>For Saturday Night Live, see .
* For the number of votes, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404084849/https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1984 |date=April 4, 2019 }}, ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2011, Retrieved March 23, 2011.</ref>


In 1984, media reports stated that LaRouche and his aides had met Reagan administration officials, including Norman Bailey, senior director of international economic affairs for the National Security Council (NSC), and Richard Morris, special assistant to ] There were also reported contacts with the ], the Defense Intelligence Agency, and the CIA. The LaRouche campaign said the reporting was full of errors.<ref>
LaRouche denied the newspaper's charges, and said he had filed a $100 million libel suit. His press secretary said the series was intended to "to set up a credible climate for an assassination hit."<ref>{{harvnb|Kenney|1980}}</ref>
For Bailey and Morris meetings, and for LaRouche saying the report was mistaken, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106191658/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=DN&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI%7CDN&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB2972D3AF2D413&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM |date=November 6, 2018 }}, ''Philadelphia Daily News'', November 1, 1984.
* For DEA, DIA, and CIA, see {{harvnb|Green|1985}}.
</ref> In 1984 two Pentagon officials spoke at a LaRouche rally in Virginia; a Defense Department spokesman said the Pentagon viewed LaRouche's group as a "conservative group&nbsp;... very supportive of the administration." White House spokesman ] said the Administration was "glad to talk to" any American citizen who might have information.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|pp=132–133}}.
* .</ref> According to Bailey, the contacts were broken off when they became public.<ref>{{harvnb|Mintz|1985b}}.</ref> Three years later, LaRouche blamed his criminal indictment on the NSC, saying he had been in conflict with ] over LaRouche's opposition to the Nicaraguan ].<ref>{{harvnb|St. Petersburg Times|1987}}</ref> According to a LaRouche publication, a court-ordered search of North's files produced a May 1986 telex from ] defendant General ], discussing the gathering of information to be used against LaRouche.<ref>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506080705/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/07/us/larouche-lawyers-seek-north-s-notebooks.html |date=May 6, 2016 }}, Associated Press, April 7, 1988.
* {{cite web |url=https://larouchepub.com/exon/exon_add4_virginia.html |title=It's Time for Truth-In-Justice in Virginia: The LaRouche Cases in Virginia |access-date=September 18, 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114022738/https://larouchepub.com/exon/exon_add4_virginia.html |archive-date=November 14, 2007 }}, ''Executive Intelligence Review'', October 12, 2008.
</ref> According to King, LaRouche's ''Executive Intelligence Review'' was the first to report important details of the Iran–Contra affair, predicting that a major scandal was about to break months before mainstream media picked up on the story.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=161}}.</ref>


===Frankhouser, WerBell, and Carto=== ====Strategic Defense Initiative====
{{Main|Fusion Energy Foundation}}
''The New York Times'' also reported that U.S. Labor Party members were exchanging almost daily information with ], who called himself the Grand Dragon of the ] in Pennsylvania, and who had been accused of being a member of the ]. Frankhouser had been convicted in 1975 of conspiring to sell half a ton of dynamite in connection with a school bus bombing that left one man dead, and had marched on Fifth Avenue in New York wearing a ] uniform. LaRouche had organized his defense campaign regarding the dynamite charges. He reportedly called Frankhouser a "high intelligence source," though he later denied this, saying that in fact he had a low opinion of Frankhouser.<ref name=Blum1979/> It became known that Frankhouser had been an informant for the ] and other law enforcement agencies. He said he was working on behalf of the government and was sentenced to five years of probation instead of the decades in prison he could have received.<ref name=Shenon>{{harvnb|Shenon|1986}}; {{harvnb|Sims|1996|p=63}}</ref>
], which housed the ] in the 1980s.]]
The LaRouche campaign supported Reagan's ] (SDI). Dennis King wrote that LaRouche had been speculating about space-based weaponry as early as 1975. He set up the Fusion Energy Foundation, which held conferences and tried to cultivate scientists, with some success. In 1979, FEF representatives attended a Moscow conference on ]. LaRouche began to promote the use of lasers and related technologies for both military and civilian purposes, calling for a "revolution in ]s."<ref name="The Last Rosicrucian">Benedictine, Kirll, and Diunov, Michael, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222003430/http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=ru&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.terra-america.ru%2Fposlednii-rozenkreicer-part1.aspx&ei=a8OMT4DPEsSoiQKm5KS1CA&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDsQ7gEwAw&prev=%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Dsite%3Aterra-america.ru%2B%25D0%259B%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2583%25D1%2588%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1280%26bih%3D569%26prmd%3Dimvns |date=February 22, 2017 }} Terra-America, April 16, 2012</ref>


According to King, LaRouche's associates had for some years been in contact with members of the Reagan administration about LaRouche's space-based weapons ideas.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|p=61}}</ref> LaRouche proposed the development of defensive beam technologies as a policy that was in the interest of both the U.S. and the Soviet Union, as the alternative to an arms race in offensive weapons and as a generator of spin-off economic benefits. Between February 1982 and February 1983, with the NSC's approval, LaRouche met with Soviet embassy representative Evgeny Shershnev to discuss the proposal. During this period, Soviet economists also began to study LaRouche's economic forecasting model. But after Reagan's public announcement of the SDI in March 1983, Soviet representatives broke off contact with LaRouche and his representatives.<ref name="The Last Rosicrucian"/>
By the late 1970s, members of the LaRouche movement had begun exchanging almost daily information with Frankhouser, according to ''The New York Times''.<ref name=Blum1979/> He introduced them to ], a noted ] (OSS) and ] (CIA) operative, mercenary, accused drug trafficker, firearms engineer, and arms dealer who said he had an ongoing connection to the CIA.<ref name=Blum1979/> LaRouche developed close ties with WerBell, hiring him as a security consultant for protection against an assassination threat and to train his security staff.<ref>{{harvnb|Donner|Rothenberg|1980}}</ref><ref>LaRouche in ''Dope, Inc.'', 1986, p. 549</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Van Deerlin|1986}}</ref> It was WerBell who arranged for LaRouche movement members to undergo anti-terrorist training. John George and Laird Wilcox say WerBell learned that the way to keep "LaRouche on the hook was to feed his monstrous ego while jerking his paranoia chain".<ref>{{harvnb|George|Wilcox|1996|p=292}}</ref>


Physicist ], a proponent of SDI and X-ray lasers, told reporters in 1984 that he had been courted by LaRouche but had kept his distance. LaRouche began calling his plan the "LaRouche-Teller proposal," though they had never met. Teller said LaRouche was "a poorly informed man with fantastic conceptions."<ref name=Siano1992>{{harvnb|Siano|1992}}.</ref>
In 1979, Frankhouser was also placed on the payroll as a security consultant, after convincing LaRouche that he was actively connected to U.S. intelligence agencies. A government official later said that Frankhouser was one of the few people who could call LaRouche directly.<ref name=Clark&Weibel>{{harvnb|Clark|Weibel|1987}}</ref> Forrest Lee Fick, an associate of Frankhouser from the KKK, was added as a consultant in 1982.<ref name=Clark&Weibel/> Frankhouser and Fick later testified that, to justify their $700-per-week paychecks, they had invented connections to the CIA, written memos purporting to be from CIA agents, and warned of imaginary assassination plots against the LaRouches.<ref>Mintz, December 18, 1987; Wald 1987.</ref> George and Wilcox called Frankhouser's deception "one of the biggest hoaxes in the annals of political extremism" made possible by what they called LaRouche's obsession with conspiracy theories.<ref>{{harvnb |George|Wilcox|1996|p=289}}</ref>


LaRouche later attributed the ] to its refusal to follow his advice to accept Reagan's offer to share the technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://larouchein2004.net/pages/questions/youth/030201penn004.htm |title=LaRouche, February 1, 2003 |access-date=March 25, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031011204719/http://larouchein2004.net/pages/questions/youth/030201penn004.htm |archive-date=October 11, 2003 }}.
===Allegations of fascism, anti-Semitism===
* LaRouche's promotion of space colonization included dealings with German scientists and engineers who had worked under the Nazi government during the Second World War, some of whom had emigrated to the U.S. and had ended up working for NASA. They included ] and several other Peenemunde rocket experts, such as ], ], ], and ]. When Rudolph was forced to renounce his U.S. citizenship after an investigation into his past, LaRouche supporters formed a defense fund for him. LaRouche also collaborated with Ehricke on ideas about the colonization of the moon and Mars; after Ehricke's death, LaRouche sponsored the "Krafft Ehricke Memorial Conference," and in 1988 delivered a national TV broadcast titled "The Woman on Mars."
{{See|Views of Lyndon LaRouche#Zionism, Jews, and the Holocaust}}
See {{harvnb|LaRouche Political Action Committee|1988}}
From the mid-1970s onwards, the mainstream press and other commentators repeatedly alleged that LaRouche and his movement had fascist, neo-Nazi, and anti-Semitic tendencies.<ref>For example, Rosenfeld 1976; Horowitz 1981; Lerman 1988; Griffin and Feldman 2004, p. 144; Blamires 2006. In 1976, ], later chairman of the ], called the ] a group of "leftwing fascists (Associated Press 1976); also see King 1989, chapters 7, 10, and pp. 27&ndash;30.</ref> LaRouche has argued strongly against fascism, and religious or racial hatred. He wrote in 2006, "Religious and racial hatred, such as anti-Semitism, or hatred against Islam, or, hatred of Christians, is, on record of known history, the most evil expression of criminality to be seen on the planet today."<ref>LaRouche, September 17, 2006.</ref> Descriptions of him as a neo-fascist or anti-Semite stem from "the drug lobby or the Soviet operation&mdash;which is sometimes the same thing," according to one of his publications.<ref>{{harvnb|Associated Press|1986}}</ref>
* {{harvnb|King|1989|pp=80–81}}
* {{harvnb|Siano|1992}}</ref> Former Secretary of Defense ] reported in his 2011 memoir that at a 2001 dinner in Russia with leading officials, he was told by General ], then the second highest-ranking officer in the Russian military, that LaRouche was the brains behind SDI. Rumsfeld said he believed LaRouche had had no influence on the program, and surmised that Baluyevsky must have obtained the information off the Internet.<ref>Rumsfeld, Donald, ''Known and Unknown'', Sentinel, 2011, {{ISBN|978-1595230676}}, p. 309</ref> In 2012 the former head of the Russian bureau of Interpol, General Vladimir Ovchinsky, also described LaRouche as the man who proposed the SDI.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214175814/https://www.smol.kp.ru/daily/25839/2812048/ |date=February 14, 2019 }} Komsomolskaya Pravda{{snd}}February 22, 2012</ref>


====1984: NBC lawsuit====
According to Cyprian Blamires, LaRouche has called for a dictatorship led by a "humanist elite," and has shown hostility toward a range of targets, including feminism, homosexuality, environmentalism, and organized labor.<ref>{{harvnb|Blamires|2006}}</ref> Tim Wohlforth and Dennis Tourish write that the parallel between LaRouche's thinking and the classic fascist model is "striking:"
In January 1984, ] aired a news segment about LaRouche, and in March a "First Camera" report produced by Pat Lynch. The reports called LaRouche "the leader of a violence-prone, anti-Semitic cult that smeared its opponents and sued its critics", as Lynch wrote in 1985 in the '']''.<ref name=Lynch1985>{{harvnb|Lynch|1985}}, p. 42.
* For information about Pat Lynch, see , ''The Huffington Post'', Retrieved February 14, 2011. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150407030055/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/pat-lynch |date=April 7, 2015}}</ref> In interviews, former members of the movement gave details about their fundraising practices, and alleged that LaRouche had spoken about assassinating President ]. The reports said an investigation by the ] would lead to an indictment, and quoted ], the ]'s fact-finding director, who called LaRouche a "small-time ]". After the broadcast, LaRouche members picketed NBC's office carrying signs saying "Lynch Pat Lynch," and the NBC switchboard said it received a death threat against her. Another NBC researcher said someone placed fliers around her parents' neighborhood saying she was running a call-girl ring from her parents' home.<ref>Mintz, John. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226011947/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou4.htm |date=December 26, 2016 }}, ''The Washington Post'', January 14, 1985.</ref> Lynch said LaRouche members began to impersonate her and her researchers in telephone calls, and called her "Fat Lynch" in their publications.<ref name=Lynch1985/>


LaRouche filed a defamation suit against NBC and the ADL, arguing that the programs were the result of a deliberate campaign of defamation against him.<ref>
<blockquote>LaRouche, like Mussolini and Hitler before him, borrowed from Marx yet changed his theories fundamentally. Most important, Marx's internationalist outlook was abandoned in favor of a narrow nation-state perspective. Marx's goal of abolishing capitalism was replaced by the model of a totalitarian state that directs an economy where ownership of the means of production is still largely in public hands. The corporations and their owners remain in place but have to take their orders from LaRouche. Hitler called the schema "]." LaRouche hopes the term "the American System" will be more acceptable.<ref>{{harvnb|Tourish|Wohlforth|2000}}</ref></blockquote>
LaRouche, Lyndon. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222253/http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon_lhl_testimony.html |date=March 3, 2016 }}, ''Executive Intelligence Review''], undated.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205239/http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon2.html |date=March 3, 2016 }}, ''Executive Intelligence Review'', undated.
</ref> The judge ruled that NBC need not reveal its sources, and LaRouche lost the case. NBC won a countersuit, the jury awarding the network $3 million in damages, later reduced to $258,459, for misuse of libel law, in what was called one of the more celebrated countersuits by a libel defendant.<ref>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430053342/http://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/02/us/larouche-jury-gives-3-million-to-nbc-tv.html?scp=74&sq=LaRouche&st=nyt |date=April 30, 2016 }}, ''The New York Times'', November 2, 1984.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804224001/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou1.htm |date=August 4, 2011 }}.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220002208/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9906E7DF1339F937A15751C0A963948260 |date=December 20, 2008 }}.
* {{harvnb|Constantini|Nash|1990}}.
</ref> LaRouche failed to pay the damages, pleading poverty, which the judge described as "completely lacking in credibility."<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220002208/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9906E7DF1339F937A15751C0A963948260 |date=December 20, 2008 }}, Associated Press, February 24, 1985.</ref> LaRouche said he had been unaware since 1973 who paid the rent on the estate, or for his food, lodging, clothing, transportation, bodyguards, and lawyers. The judge fined him for failing to answer. After the judge signed an order to allow discovery of LaRouche's personal finances, a cashier's check was delivered to the court to end the case.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430055141/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/20/us/larouche-to-pay-250000-to-nbc.html?scp=19&sq=LaRouche&st=nyt |date=April 30, 2016 }}, Associated Press, September 20, 1986.
* Also see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151553/https://www.nytimes.com/1986/11/16/us/nbc-gets-a-258459-check-to-end-larouche-court-fight.html |date=May 28, 2022 }}, Associated Press, November 16, 1986.</ref> When LaRouche appealed, the ], rejecting his arguments, set forth a three-pronged test, later called the "LaRouche test," to decide when anonymous sources must be named in libel cases.<ref>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100515155700/http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F2/780/780.F2d.1134.html |date=May 15, 2010 }}, 780 F.2d 1134, 1139 (4th Cir. 1986).
* {{cite web |url=https://www.eff.org/legal/cases/Jane_Doe_v_John_Hritz/20001013_doe_quash_memo.html |title=Memo from AOL libel suit |access-date=December 29, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041028154636/http://www.eff.org/legal/cases/Jane_Doe_v_John_Hritz/20001013_doe_quash_memo.html |archive-date=October 28, 2004 }}, Electronic Frontier Foundation, October 13, 2000, accessed February 9, 2011.
</ref>


====1985–1986: PANIC, LaRouche's AIDS initiative====
] writes that LaRouche's overriding ideology is that, as LaRouche put it, "History is nothing but conspiracies," and that the main group behind the conspiracies are the Jews, mostly wealthy ones such as the Rothschilds. According to Lerman, LaRouche uses "the British" as a code for Jews to avoid being accused of anti-Semitism. LaRouche refers to this group as the "Zionist-British organism," and sees them as having "evolved through moral depravity and inbreeding into a separate species outside the human race," writes Lerman; the British, led by the Jews, are in control of terrorism and drug networks, and it is the mission of LaRouche's NCLC to wipe them out.<ref>{{harvnb|Lerman|1988|p=213}}</ref> ] argues against Lerman that LaRouche's references to the British really are to the British, though he agrees that an alleged British-Jewish alliance lies at the heart of LaRouche's ].<ref>{{harvnb|Pipes|1997|p=137, 142}}</ref> George Johnson writes in ''The New York Times'' that the allegations fail to take into account that several members of LaRouche's inner circle are themselves Jewish.<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|1989b}}</ref>
{{Main|1986 California Proposition 64}}
LaRouche interpreted the AIDS pandemic as fulfillment of his 1973 prediction that an epidemic would strike humanity in the 1980s. According to Christopher Toumey, his subsequent campaign followed a familiar LaRouche pattern: challenging the scientific competence of government experts, and arguing that LaRouche had special scientific insights, and his own scientific associates were more competent than government scientists. LaRouche's view of AIDS agreed with orthodox medicine in that HIV caused AIDS, but differed from it in arguing that HIV spread like the cold virus or malaria, by way of casual contact and insect bites{{snd}}which, if true, would make HIV-positive people extremely dangerous. He advocated testing anyone working in schools, restaurants, or healthcare, and quarantining those who tested positive. Some of LaRouche's views on AIDS were developed by ], a British ] who proposed that AIDS was created in a Soviet laboratory. Seale's highly speculative writings were published in three prestigious medical journals, lending these ideas some appearance of being hard science.<ref name="Toumey-1996-pp.87-92"/>


LaRouche and his associates devised a "Biological Strategic Defense Initiative" that would cost $100 billion per annum, which they said would have to be directed by LaRouche. Toumey writes that those opposing the program, such as the ] and ], were accused of "viciously lying to the world," and of following an agenda of genocide and euthanasia.<ref name=Toumey87>{{harvnb|Toumey|1996|pp=87–88}}</ref> In 1986 LaRouche proposed that AIDS be added to California's List of Communicable Diseases. Sponsored by his "Prevent AIDS Now Initiative Committee" (PANIC), Proposition 64{{snd}}or the "LaRouche initiative"{{snd}}qualified for the California ballot in 1986, with the required signature gatherers mostly paid for by LaRouche's Campaigner Publications. Seale, presented as an AIDS expert by PANIC, supported the LaRouche initiative, but disagreed with several of LaRouche's views, including that HIV could be spread by insects, and described the group's political beliefs and conspiracy theories as "rather odd".<ref>Petit, Charles. "Doctor Supports Prop. 64{{snd}}Sort Of", ''San Francisco Chronicle'', September 30, 1986, pg. 8</ref> According to ], professor of public policy at the ], the proposal would have required that 300,000 people in the area with HIV or AIDS be reported to public health authorities; might have removed over 100,000 of them from their jobs in schools, restaurants and agriculture; and would have forced 47,000 children to stay away from school.<ref name=Kirp1986>Kirp, David L. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110102904/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/11/opinion/larouche-turns-to-aids-politics.html |date=January 10, 2017 }}, ''The New York Times'', September 11, 1986.</ref>
==1980s==
], a national office of the ] in the 1980s]]
===National Democratic Policy Committee===
From the autumn of 1979, with the disbanding of the U.S. Labor Party, the LaRouche movement conducted most of its U.S. electoral activities within the framework of the ], a political action committee whose name drew complaints from the ]. Democratic leaders refused to recognize LaRouche as a party member, or to seat the few delegates he received in his seven primary campaigns as a Democrat.<ref>{{harvnb|Bradley|2004}}</ref>


The proposal was opposed by leading scientists and local health officials as based on inaccurate scientific information and, as the public health schools put it, running "counter to all public health principles." It was defeated, reintroduced two years later, and defeated again, with two million votes in favor the first time, and 1.7 million the second. AIDS became a leading plank in LaRouche's platform during his 1988 presidential campaign.<ref>{{harvnb|Roderick|1986}}.
LaRouche's campaign platforms have included a return to the ], including a gold-based national and world monetary system, fixed exhange rates, and ending the ];<ref name=Ben>Benshoff 1992</ref> the replacement of the ] system, including the U.S. ], with a ];<ref>{{harvnb|Tipton|1986}}</ref> a war on drug trafficking and prosecution of banks involved in money laundering;<ref>''The Boston Globe'', February 26, 1980; {{harvnb|Sherman|1986}}</ref> building a ]; the building of ]s; a crash program to build ]s and ]s, including support for elements of the ] (SDI); opposition to the ] and support for a military buildup to prepare for imminent war; the screening and quarantine of ] patients; and opposition to environmentalism, outcome-based education, and abortion.<ref name="Marxist 1986. pg. 4">Rightist LaRouche started out as a a Marxist; Chicago Sun—Times. Chicago, Ill.: Mar 20, 1986, p. 4; Reeves 1994; Boei 1989.</ref>
* For criticism from leading scholars, including California schools of public health and Stanford University, see {{harvnb|Toumey|1996|pp=88–89}}.
* For opposition campaigns and number of votes in favor, see {{harvnb|Berlet|Lyons|2000|p=237}}.
* "LaRouche says he'll be swept into office," ''The Boston Globe'', June 28, 1987.</ref>


====1986: Electoral success in Illinois; press conference allegations====
==="October Surprise"===
{{main|1986 Illinois gubernatorial election}}
In the early 1980s, according to a number of journalists&mdash;including ] in ''Newsweek'' and ] in ''American Journalism Review''&mdash;LaRouche and his followers started the "]" allegation that, in 1980, Ronald Reagan's campaign staff conspired with the Iranian government to delay the release of 52 American hostages, in order to help defeat President ]. The Iranians agreed to this, according to the theory, in exchange for future weapons sales from the Reagan administration. The first publication of the story was in ''Executive Intelligence Review'' on December 2, 1980, followed up in ''New Solidarity'', on September 2, 1983, alleging that Henry Kissinger, one of LaRouche's regular targets, had "held a series of secret meetings during the week of November 12 in Paris with representatives of Ayatollah Beheshti, leader of the fundamentalist clergy in Iran." The story said that, "Top level intelligence sources in Reagan's inner circle confirmed Kissinger's unreported talks with the Iranian mullahs, but stressed that the Kissinger initiative was totally unauthorized by the president-elect." The allegations were attributed to Iranian sources in Paris. Although ultimately discredited, the story was widely discussed in conspiracy circles during the 1980s and 1990s.<ref>{{harvnb|Barry|1991}}, {{harvnb|Emerson|1993}}; also see {{harvnb|Pipes|2003}}.</ref>
In March 1986, Mark Fairchild and ]{{snd}}LaRouche National Democratic Policy Committee candidates{{snd}}won the Democratic primary for statewide offices in ], gaining national attention for LaRouche.<ref>{{harvnb|Frantz|1986}}, p. 2.</ref> The Democratic gubernatorial candidate, ], withdrew his nomination rather than run on the same slate as LaRouche members, and told reporters the party was "exploring every legal remedy to purge these bizarre and dangerous extremists from the Democratic ticket." A spokesman for the Democratic National Committee said it would have to do a better job of communicating to the electorate that LaRouche's National Democratic Policy Committee was unrelated to the Democratic Party.<ref name=":6"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=p54rAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PvwFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3574,4204889&dq=lyndon-larouche+perennial+candidate&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, Associated Press, March 20, 1986.</ref> ''The New York Times'' wrote that Democratic Party officials were trying to identify LaRouche candidates in order to alert voters, and asked the LaRouche organization to release a full list of its candidates.<ref>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430033116/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/26/us/democrats-step-up-larouche-alert.html?scp=40&sq=LaRouche&st=nyt |date=April 30, 2016 }}, ''The New York Times'', April 26, 1986.
* Also see Moynihan, Daniel Patrick. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506080334/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/01/opinion/the-links-between-larouche-and-new-york-corruption.html?scp=112&sq=LaRouche&st=nyt |date=May 6, 2016 }}, ''The New York Times'', April 1, 1986.
</ref>


A month later, LaRouche held a press conference to accuse the Soviet government, British government, drug dealers, international bankers, and journalists of being involved in multiple conspiracies. Flanked by bodyguards, he said: "If Abe Lincoln were alive, he'd probably be standing up here with me today," and that there was no criticism of him that did not originate "with the drug lobby or the Soviet operation&nbsp;..." He said he had been in danger from Soviet assassins for over 13 years, and had to live in safe houses. He refused to answer a question from an NBC reporter, saying "How can I talk with a drug pusher like you?" He called the leadership of the United States "idiotic" and "berserk," and its foreign policy "criminal or insane." He warned of the imminent collapse of the banking system and accused banks of laundering drug money. Asked about the movement's finances, he said "I don't know. ...&nbsp;I'm not responsible, I'm not involved in that."<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190708030033/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-04-10-mn-3099-story.html |date=July 8, 2019 }}, ''Los Angeles Times'', April 10, 1986.
===1982: Dispute with ''U.S. News''===
* Also see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165111/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/25002845.html?dids=25002845:25002845&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+10%2C+1986&author=Chicago+Tribune+wires&pub=Chicago+Tribune+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=LAROUCHE+SEES+DEATH+PLOT+BY+DRUG+DEALERS%2C+SOVIETS&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}, ''Chicago Tribune'', April 10, 1986.
In 1982, '']'' sued New Solidarity International Press Service and Campaigner Publications for damages, alleging that LaRouche reporters were impersonating its reporters in phone calls. LaRouche and his aide, Jeffrey Steinberg, gave depositions that revealed their policy of pretending to be from non-existent publications, and of infiltrating the campaigns of competing presidential nominees. Without admitting guilt, the LaRouche group agreed not to impersonate ''U.S. News'' reporters in future.<ref>Mintz, January 14, 1985</ref>
* For the variety of conspiracies, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=l1UcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=q1IEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6978,5074258&dq=the-drug-lobby-or-the-soviet-operation-which-is-sometimes-the-same-thing&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}.
* For his response about the movement's finances, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065851/http://articles.philly.com/1986-04-10/news/26077542_1_national-democratic-policy-committee-perennial-presidential-candidate-larouche-group |date=March 4, 2016 }}.</ref>


====1986–1988: Raids and criminal convictions====
===Strategic Defense Initiative===
{{Main|LaRouche criminal trials}}
In the mid-1980s, the LaRouche campaign was noted for its support of Ronald Reagan's ], known as "SDI" or "Star Wars." General Paul-Albert Scherer, a LaRouche supporter and former head of West German Military Counterintelligence, said in 1992 that LaRouche, whom he described as a "scientific-technological strategic expert," had been the originator of the SDI. Scherer also said LaRouche had been involved in ] communications between the Reagan administration and the Russian embassy, during the year before Reagan's announcement of the policy in March 1983.<ref>{{harvnb|Gallagher|2004}}; {{harvnb|Scherer|1992}}.</ref>
In October 1986, hundreds of state and federal officers raided LaRouche offices in Virginia and Massachusetts. A federal grand jury indicted LaRouche and twelve of his associates on credit card fraud and obstruction of justice. The charges stated that they had attempted to defraud people of millions of dollars, including several elderly people, by borrowing money they did not intend to repay. LaRouche disputed the charges, alleging that they were politically motivated.<ref name=LATimes1989> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308102038/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-01-27-mn-1754-story.html |date=March 8, 2021 }}," Associated Press, January 27, 1989.
* Mintz, John. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165044/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73831679.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jul+3%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=a.01&desc=LaRouche+Indicted+in+Conspiracy%3B+Justice+Dept.+Alleges+Va.-Based+Extremist+Tried+to+Scuttle+Probe |date=November 7, 2012 }}, ''The Washington Post'', July 3, 1987.
* Also see Mintz, John. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107184233/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73846043.html?dids=73846043:73846043&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+20%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Inside+the+Weird+World+of+Lyndon+LaRouche&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}, ''The Washington Post'', September 20, 1987.
* {{harvnb|Edds|1995}}.</ref>


When LaRouche's "heavily fortified"<ref>"LaRouche Group, Long on the Political Fringe Gets Mainstream Scrutiny After Illinois Primary", Ellen Hume, '']'', March 28, 1986</ref> estate was surrounded, he at first warned law-enforcement officials not to arrest him, saying that any attempt to do so would be an attempt to kill him. A spokesman would not rule out the use of violence against officials in response. While surrounded, LaRouche sent a telegram to president Ronald Reagan saying that an attempt to arrest him "would be an attempt to kill me. I will not submit passively to such an arrest, ...&nbsp;I will defend myself."<ref>{{cite news|last=Mintz|first=John|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1987/01/31/prosecutor-moves-to-disarm-larouche-guards/7a7f5abb-8181-44c4-b0ab-b8710480df61/|title=Prosecutor Moves to Disarm LaRouche Guards|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 31, 1987|access-date=April 3, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Shenon|1986}}.
Physicist ], a principal proponent of SDI and ]s, told reporters in 1984 that he had been courted by LaRouche, but kept his distance. LaRouche began calling his plan the "LaRouche-Teller proposal," though they had never met. In Teller's words, LaRouche was "a poorly informed man with fantastic conceptions."<ref name="Siano 1992">{{harvnb|Siano|1992}}</ref> LaRouche later attributed the collapse of the Soviet Union to its refusal to follow his advice to accept Reagan's offer to share the technology.<ref>LaRouche, February 1, 2003.</ref>
* Frantz, Douglas. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106213222/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24948685.html?dids=24948685:24948685&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+12%2C+1986&author=Douglas+Frantz%2C+Chicago+Tribune&pub=Chicago+Tribune+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=RAID+BARES+LAROUCHE+DARK+WORLD&pqatl=google |date=November 6, 2012 }}, ''Chicago Tribune'', October 12, 1986.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309061932/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-19-mn-6216-story.html |date=March 9, 2021 }}, ''Los Angeles Times'', October 19, 1986.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430083752/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/30/us/guardians-named-for-woman-over-850000-larouche-gift.html?scp=139&sq=LaRouche&st=nyt |date=April 30, 2016 }}, ''The New York Times'', October 30, 1986.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151552/https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F4071FFB39580C718EDDA00894DF484D81&legacy=true&status=nf |date=May 28, 2022 }}, ''The New York Times'', September 22, 1987.
* For the charges of defrauding, see Murphy, Caryle. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106213159/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73649679.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Dec+17%2C+1988&author=Caryle+Murphy&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=a.01&desc=LaRouche+Convicted+of+Mail+Fraud%3B+6+Associates+of+Extremist+Also+Found+Guilty+in+Loan+Solicitations |date=November 6, 2012 }}, ''The Washington Post'', December 17, 1988.
* Howard, Alison. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106213206/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/72591215.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=May+23%2C+1990&author=Alison+Howard&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=d.01&desc=Elderly+Seek+Refunds+From+LaRouche |date=November 6, 2012 }}, ''The Washington Post'', May 23, 1990.</ref>


In 1987, a number of LaRouche entities, including the ], were taken over through an involuntary bankruptcy proceeding. The government's use of a sealed order in this proceeding was regarded as a rare legal maneuver.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619050526/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-04-21-mn-356-story.html |date=June 19, 2020 }}, Associated Press, April 21, 1987.</ref>
===Space colonization===
LaRouche's promotion of space colonization included dealings with German scientists and engineers who had worked under the Nazi government in Germany during the ], some of whom had emigrated to the U.S. after the war under ], and had ended up working for ]. They included ] and several other Peenemunde rocket experts, such as ], ], ], and ]. When Rudolph was forced to renounce his U.S. citizenship after an investigation into his past, LaRouche supporters formed a defense fund for him.<ref name="Siano 1992"/> LaRouche also collaborated with Ehricke on ideas about the colonization of the moon and Mars.<ref>{{harvnb|King|1989|location=chapter 10}}</ref> After Ehricke's death, LaRouche sponsored the "Krafft Ehricke Memorial Conference," and in 1988 delivered a national TV broadcast titled "The Woman on Mars."<ref>{{harvnb|LaRouche Political Action Committee|1988}}</ref><!--what is the point being made in the next sentence, and is it connected to space colonization? -- LaRouche also had a relationship with Karl-Adolf Zenker, a West German Admiral, and Paul-Albert Scherer, former head of West German Military Intelligence, who both served in the German military in World War II.<ref>{{harvnb|Hunt|1991}}; {{harvnb|King|1989|location=chapter 10}}</ref>-->


On December 16, 1988, LaRouche was convicted of conspiracy to commit ] involving more than $30 million in defaulted loans; eleven counts of actual mail fraud involving $294,000 in defaulted loans; and a single count of conspiring to defraud the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} He was sentenced to 15 years in federal prison, but was released on parole after serving five years on January 26, 1994.<ref name="NYTDeath" />
===1984: Schiller Institute; NSC===
{{See|Helga Zepp-LaRouche|Schiller Institute}}
]
In 1984, Helga Zepp-LaRouche founded the Schiller Institute in Germany, with LaRouche, ] and ].<ref>Syracuse Herald, August 13, 1995; {{harvnb|Zepp-LaRouche|2004}}</ref>


Thirteen associates were sentenced to prison terms ranging from one month to 77 years for mail fraud and conspiracy.<ref name=LATimes1989/>
In the same year, LaRouche was able to raise enough money to purchase 14 television spots, at a cost of $330,000 each.<ref>{{harvnb|Lowther|1986}}</ref> In one of them, he called ], the Democratic Party's Presidential candidate, "an agent of influence" of the Soviet intelligence services, triggering over 1,000 complaints about the spot, which CBS was legally obliged to air.<ref>Associated Press, October 25, 1984.</ref> On April 19, 1986, '']'' aired a sketch satirizing the ads, portraying ] and ] as drug dealers.


The trial judge called LaRouche's claim of a political ] "arrant nonsense", and said "the idea that this organization is a sufficient threat to anything that would warrant the government bringing a prosecution to silence them just defies human experience."<ref>
There were reports in November 1984 that LaRouche and his aides had been meeting with officials of the ], including several meetings and phone calls with ], then senior director of international economic affairs for the National Security Council (NSC), and with Richard Morris, special assistant to ]<ref name=CIA>''Philadelphia Daily News'', November 1, 1984.</ref> There were also reported contacts with the ], the ], and the CIA.<ref>{{harvnb|Green|1985}}</ref> The LaRouche campaign said the report was full of errors.<ref name=CIA/> According to Bailey, the contacts were broken off when they became public. Bailey praised LaRouche's staff that year as "one of the best private intelligence services in the world," though he said he disagreed with the movement's ideas and tactics.<ref name=Mintz85/><ref>{{harvnb|Hume|1986}}</ref> Three years later, LaRouche blamed his criminal indictment on the NSC because he had been in conflict with ] over LaRouche's opposition to the Nicaraguan ].<ref>St. Petersburg Times, July 9, 1987.</ref> According to a LaRouche-sponsored publication, court-ordered search of North's files produced a May 1986 telex from ] defendant General ], discussing the gathering of information to be used against LaRouche.<ref>{{Cite news|page= A17|author= Associated Press|title = LaRouche Lawyers Seek North's Notebooks|work = ]|date = April 7, 1988|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE1D8103AF934A35757C0A96E948260}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = It's Time for Truth-In-Justice in Virginia: The LaRouche Cases in Virginia| accessdate = October 12, 2008| publisher=] |url = http://web.archive.org/web/20071114022738/http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon_add4_virginia.html }}</ref>
{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106213159/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73649679.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Dec+17%2C+1988&author=Caryle+Murphy&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=a.01&desc=LaRouche+Convicted+of+Mail+Fraud%3B+6+Associates+of+Extremist+Also+Found+Guilty+in+Loan+Solicitations |date=November 6, 2012 }}, ''The Washington Post'', December 17, 1988.
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107171022/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73885816.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jul+4%2C+1989&author=&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=b.05&desc=LaRouche+Appeal+Is+Rebuffed+by+Supreme+Court |date=November 7, 2012 }}, ''The Washington Post'', July 4, 1989.
* For LaRouche's sentencing, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430094940/http://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/28/us/larouche-receives-15-year-sentence.html?scp=10&sq=LaRouche&st=nyt |date=April 30, 2016 }}, Associated Press, January 28, 1989.
</ref>


Defense lawyers filed unsuccessful appeals that challenged the conduct of the grand jury, the contempt fines, the execution of the search warrants, and various trial procedures. At least ten appeals were heard by the United States Court of Appeals, and three were heard by the U.S. Supreme Court.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}
===Meetings with world leaders===
LaRouche met with Argentine President ], Indian Prime Minister ], and Mexican President ] in 1985.<ref name=Mintz85>{{harvnb|Mintz|1985}}</ref> A Mexican official told ''The New York Times'' that LaRouche had arranged the meeting with Portillo by representing himself as an official from the Democratic Party in 1986.<ref>Toner, April 4, 1986</ref> Portillo continued to maintain a relationship with LaRouche, and endorsed his candidacy for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1999, according to the LaRouche movement.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review'', February 27, 2004</ref> Turkish Prime Minister ] reportedly met with LaRouche in 1987, then severely reprimanded his aides who had mistaken LaRouche for the Democratic Presidential candidate.<ref>{{cite news|title=Turkish Leader Meets LaRouche By Mistake|work=San Francisco Chronicle|date=July 30, 1987|page=13}}</ref>


Former ] ] joined the defense team for two appeals, writing that the case involved "a broader range of deliberate and systematic misconduct and abuse of power over a longer period of time in an effort to destroy a political movement and leader, than any other federal prosecution in my time or to my knowledge."<ref name="Clark 1995">{{harvnb|Clark|1995}}</ref>
===1984: The NBC lawsuit===
]
The ] (NBC) aired a news segment and a "First Camera" report on LaRouche in 1984. Produced by Pat Lynch, the reports included interviews with former members of the movement who gave details about their fundraising practices and alleged that LaRouche had spoken about assassinating U.S. President ]. The report said that an investigation by the IRS would lead to an indictment. It quoted Irwin Suall, the ADL's fact-finding director, calling LaRouche a "small-time Hitler."


In his 1988 autobiography, LaRouche says the raid on his operation was the work of ].<ref>''The Power of Reason: 1988'', an autobiography by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr., 1987, Executive Intelligence Review, Designed by World Composition Services, {{ISBN|0943235006}}, p. 309</ref> In an interview that same year, he said that the ] opposed him, because he had invented the ]. "The Soviet government hated me for it. Gorbachev also hated my guts and called for my assassination and imprisonment and so forth." He asserted that he had survived these threats, because he had been protected by unnamed U.S. government officials. "Even when they don't like me, they consider me a national asset, and they don't like to have their national assets killed."<ref>"Outsider making his 8th White House bid / LaRouche says he'd fix economy", Rachel Gravges, '']'', March 6, 2004</ref>
LaRouche filed a defamation suit against NBC and the ] (ADL). The LaRouche organization said the NBC programs were the result of a deliberate campaign of defamation against him.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(b).</ref><ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(c).</ref> The judge ruled that NBC need not reveal its sources, and LaRouche lost the case. NBC won a countersuit, the jury awarding the network $3 million in damages, later reduced to $258,459, for misuse of libel law, in what was called one of the more celebrated countersuits by a libel defendant.<ref>{{harvnb|Costantini|Nash|1990}}; Mintz, January 14, 1985; Associated Press, November 16, 1986; Associated Press, February 24, 1985.</ref>


LaRouche received 25,562 votes in the 1988 presidential election.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402083314/https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1988 |date=April 2, 2019 }}, ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2011, Retrieved March 23, 2011.</ref>
LaRouche failed to pay the damages, pleading poverty, which Federal District Judge Claude M. Hilton described as "completely lacking in credibility."<ref>Associated Press, February 24, 1985.</ref> LaRouche said that, since 1973, he did not know who paid the rent on the estate, or for his food, lodging, clothing, transportation, bodyguards, and lawyers. The judge fined him for failing to answer.<ref>Associated Press, August 10, 1986.</ref> After the judge signed an order to allow discovery of LaRouche's personal finances, a cashier's check was delivered to the court to end the case.<ref>Associated Press, September 20, 1986.</ref>


====1989: Musical interests and Verdi tuning initiative====
When LaRouche appealed, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, in rejecting his arguments, set forth a three-pronged test, later called the "LaRouche test," to decide when anonymous sources must be named in libel cases.<ref>''Executive Intelligence Review,'' undated(a); ; , Electronic Frontier Foundation.</ref>
LaRouche had an interest in classical music up to the period of ]. A motto of LaRouche's European Workers' Party is "Think like ]"; movement offices typically include a piano and posters of German composers, and members are known for their choral singing at protest events and for using satirical lyrics tailored to their targets.<ref>
For LaRouche's interests, see LaRouche, Lyndon. "Correspondence: Classical Composition," ''The New Republic'', December 26, 1988.
* For the movement's interests, see Roderick. Kevin. "Raid Stirs Reports of LaRouche's Dark Side," ''Los Angeles Times'', October 14, 1986.
* For "Think like Beethoven," see Smith, Susan, J. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aiwrAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HnIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=1095,596948&dq=bonn+exhibit+depicts+germany%27s+beethoven+cult&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, Associated Press, September 29, 1986.
* For singing at events, see Fitzgerald, Michael. "Plenty of weirdness in 2007," ''The Record'', Stockton, CA, January 2, 2008.
* For an example of a LaRouche choir singing at a protest, see Milbank, Dana. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210083822/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/04/26/AR2005042601248.html |date=December 10, 2016 }}, ''The Washington Post'', April 27, 2005.
* Roddy, Dennis. "LaRouchies, Anarchists doth protest, but not too much," ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'', July 30, 2004.
* Yamamura, Kevin. "Governor begins Mexico visit with praise for Dems," Knight Ridder Tribune Business News, November 10, 2006.
* Roderick, Kevin. "Raid Stirs Reports of LaRouche's Dark Side," ''Los Angeles Times'', October 14, 1986.
</ref> LaRouche abhorred popular music; he said in 1980, "Rock was not an accidental thing. This was done by people who set out in a deliberate way to subvert the United States. It was done by British intelligence," and wrote that ] were "a product shaped according to British Psychological Warfare Division specifications."<ref>
For rock, see Hume, Ellen. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215050320/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/28412562/lyndon_larouche_trying_to_lose/ |date=February 15, 2019 }} ''Los Angeles Times'', February 16, 1980, pp. 20–21.
* For the Beatles, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165346/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/newsday/access/410201901.html?dids=410201901:410201901&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+23%2C+2003&author=Jeff+Pearlman.+STAFF+WRITER&pub=Newsday+%28Combined+editions%29&desc=Lyndon+LaRouche%27s+LONG+Campaign+%2F+He+ran+one+presidential+campaign+from+a+federal+jail+cell+and+can%27t+even+vote+for+himself%2C+but+the+quadrennial+candidate+is+back+on+the+stump+again&pqatl=google |date=November 7, 2012 }}.
</ref>


LaRouche movement members have protested at performances of ]'s operas, denouncing Wagner as an anti-Semite who found favor with the Nazis, and called a conductor "satanic" because he played contemporary music.<ref>
In 1986, former security consultant Forrest Lee Fick said in an NBC interview that Paul Goldstein, a member of LaRouche's security team, had suggested killing ]. According to Fick, Goldstein said he had information about Kissinger's schedule and said they should place a bomb under his car.<ref>{{harvnb|Roderick|1986a}}</ref> Goldstein denied the charges, and the LaRouche movement tried to obtain the unedited interview, plus information on any payments given to Fick, to impeach Fick's testimony.<ref> No. 87-2054. United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit. Heard January 5, 1988. Decided March 9, 1988.]</ref>
{{cite news |url=https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/culturemonster/2010/05/las-ring-cycle-begins-with-protests-outside-mixed-reaction-inside.html |last=Ng |first=David |date=May 30, 2010 |title=L.A.'s 'Ring' cycle begins with protests outside, mixed reaction inside |work=Los Angeles Times |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215161354/https://latimesblogs.latimes.com/culturemonster/2010/05/las-ring-cycle-begins-with-protests-outside-mixed-reaction-inside.html |archive-date=February 15, 2019 }}
* Also see {{cite news|ref=none |last=Ng |first=David |title=Protesters greet start of 'Ring' |work=Los Angeles Times |date=May 31, 2010}}
</ref>


In 1989, LaRouche advocated that classical orchestras should use a ] based on ] above middle C (A<sub>4</sub>) tuned to 432&nbsp;Hz, which the Schiller Institute called the "Verdi pitch", a pitch that ] had suggested as optimal, though he also composed and conducted in other pitches such as the French official ''diapason normal'' of 435&nbsp;Hz, including his ] in 1874.<ref name=Rosen>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t_iB90JnPrwC&q=Verdi+tuning&pg=PA17 |title=Rosen, David, ''Verdi, Requiem'' |access-date=June 17, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://books.google.com/books?id=t_iB90JnPrwC&pg=PA17&dq=Verdi+tuning&ei=dbVwSqXPK4WyNq7gzM4O |archive-date=October 17, 2015 |url-status=live |isbn=978-0521397674 |last1=Rosen |first1=David |date= 1995 |publisher=Cambridge University Press }}</ref>
===1986: AIDS, electoral success===
In 1986, LaRouche proposed that AIDS be added to California's List of Communicable Diseases. Sponsored by the "Prevent AIDS Now Initiative Committee" (PANIC), it came to be known as the "LaRouche Initiative." The proposal, ], qualified for the California ballot in 1986, with the required signature gatherers mostly paid for by LaRouche's Campaigner Publications.<ref>{{harvnb|Roderick|1986}}</ref> Opponents said the measure could have required universal testing and the ] of infected individuals, while proponents denied this, arguing that it simply allowed for standard public health measures to be taken. It was defeated, reintroduced two years later, and defeated again. AIDS was a leading plank in LaRouche's platform during his 1988 presidential campaign. He vowed to quarantine its "aberrant" victims who are "guilty of bringing this pandemic upon us."<ref>{{harvnb|Roderick|1986}}; ''The Gazette'', June 29, 1987.</ref>


The Schiller Institute initiative attracted support from more than 300 opera stars, including ], ], and ], who according to ''Opera Fanatic'' may not have been aware of LaRouche's politics. A spokesman for Domingo said Domingo had simply signed a questionnaire, had not been aware of its origins, and would not agree with LaRouche's politics. ] and ], who were running for the European Parliament on LaRouche's "Patriots for Italy" platform, attended Schiller Institute conferences as featured speakers. The discussions led to debates in the Italian parliament about reinstating "Verdi" legislation. LaRouche gave an interview to ] on the initiative from prison. The initiative was opposed by the editor of ''Opera Fanatic'', ], who objected to the establishment of a "pitch police," and argued that LaRouche was using the issue to gain credibility.<ref>{{dead link|date=July 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, ''Richmond Times Dispatch'', September 16, 1989.
In March 1986, LaRouche NDPC candidates ] and Mark Fairchild won the Democratic primary for state-wide offices in Illinois, surprising the political establishment and bringing LaRouche national attention.<ref>{{harvnb|Frantz|1986}}</ref> The Democratic gubernatorial candidate, ], temporarily left the Democratic Party rather than run on the same slate as LaRouche movement members. Both he and the LaRouche candidates lost in November.<ref>{{harvnb|Kaufman|1988}}</ref>
* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hv4gAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NXQFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2431,360446&dq=larouche+verdi+tuning&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, ''The Hour'', May 2, 1989.
* , '']'', May 27, 1989.
* Orchestras' pitches have risen since the 18th century, because a higher pitch produces a more brilliant orchestral sound, while imposing an additional strain on singers' voices when singing the highest notes, though it made the lower notes easier. ] pushed through legislation in Italy to fix 432 Hz as the reference pitch for ], though such legislation did not stop orchestras from using other pitches. In 1938, the international standard was raised to 440 Hz, with some major orchestras tuning as high as 450 Hz in recent times. For some background, see Abdella, Fred T. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151552/https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0716FC3D540C708DDDA10894D1484D81&pagewanted=all&legacy=true&status=nf |date=May 28, 2022 }}, ''The New York Times'', August 13, 1989.</ref>


===1990s===
On April 10, 1986, LaRouche held a press conference at the ], attended by up to 200 reporters, during which, according to the Associated Press, he accused the Soviet government, British government, drug dealers, international bankers, and journalists of being involved in a variety of conspiracies.<ref>{{harvnb|McLaughlin|1986}}</ref> Flanked by bodyguards,<ref>{{harvnb|Estill|1986}}</ref> he said that "If Abe Lincoln were alive, he'd probably be standing up here with me today," and that accusations by the ADL that he was anti-Semitic, and other criticism of him, were made on behalf of the drug lobby or a Soviet operation. He said that he had been in danger from Soviet assassins for over 13 years, and had to live in ]s.<ref name=LAT1986/> He refused to answer a question from an NBC reporter, saying "How can I talk with a drug pusher like you?" He called the leadership of the U.S. "idiotic" and "berserk," and its foreign policy "criminal or insane." He warned of the imminent collapse of the banking system and accused banks of laundering drug money, saying, "you have to jail the bankers who do that&mdash;like Donald Regan, presently chief of staff of the White House&mdash;put them in jail where they belong."<ref name=LAT1986>"LaRouche Calls Critics Insane, Wants Regan Put in Jail," Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, Calif.: Apr 10, 1986. pg. 6</ref> (The ] issued a statement saying LaRouche's charges against ] were "absolutely groundless and as outrageous as the source they come from."<ref>"The right response/LaRouche links Regan to drug money, but has praise for White," ''Houston Chronicle'', Apr 10, 1986.</ref>) Asked about the movement's finances, he said "I don't know. ... I'm not responsible, I'm not involved in that."<ref name=Eichel>{{harvnb|Eichel|1986}}</ref>
====Imprisonment, release on parole, attempts at exoneration, visits to Russia====
LaRouche began his sentence in 1989, serving it at the ] in ]. From there he ran for Congress in 1990, seeking to represent the ], but he received less than one percent of the vote. He ran for president again in 1992 with ] as his running mate, a civil rights activist who had represented the LaRouche movement in its pursuit of the ]. It was only the second-ever campaign for president from prison.<ref>{{harvnb|Dorr|1992}}.
* Also see Howe, Robert F. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107184139/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73883811.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jun+23%2C+1989&author=Robert+F.+Howe&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=a.11&desc=LaRouche+Announces+Race+for+House+From+Jail+Cell%3BFormer+Presidential+Candidate+to+Seek+Virginia%27s+10th+District+Seat+Held+by+Rep.+Wolf |date=November 7, 2012 }}, ''The Washington Post'', June 23, 1989.
* For it being the second campaign from jail, see Morrison, Pat. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021133415/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-jan-05-me-polcol5-story.html |date=October 21, 2020 }}, ''Los Angeles Times'', January 5, 2004. The first to stand from jail was perennial ] candidate ] in 1920.</ref> He received 26,334 votes, standing again as the "Economic Recovery" party.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428193428/https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1992 |date=April 28, 2019 }}, ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 2011, Retrieved March 23, 2011.</ref> For a time he shared a cell with televangelist ]. Bakker later wrote of his astonishment at LaRouche's detailed knowledge of the Bible. According to Bakker, LaRouche received a daily intelligence report by mail, and at times had information about news events days before they happened. Bakker also wrote that LaRouche believed their cell was bugged. In Bakker's view, "to say LaRouche was a little paranoid would be like saying that the '']'' had a little leak."<ref>{{harvnb|Witt|2004}}, p. 2.
* Also see {{harvnb|Bakker|Abraham|1996}}, pp. 250–251.</ref>


Viktor Kuzin, a member of the Moscow City Council and a founder of the ] in Russia,<ref>McFaul, Michael and Markov, Sergei, ''The Troubled Birth of Russian Democracy: Parties, Personalities, and Programs'' {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://books.google.com/books?id=0JV-QtLl3I0C&pg=PA25&lpg=PA25&dq=viktor+kuzin+moscow+city+council&source=bl&ots=tYe7jjyUwk&sig=0e2JJzW0iqLQMD4zwjm79VSeFi0&hl=en&sa=X&ei=tGzPT9PLG6rY2gXBzLimDA&ved=0CFAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=viktor%20kuzin%20moscow%20city%20council&f=false|date=October 17, 2015}} Hoover Press, 1993</ref> travelled to Minnesota in 1993 to meet LaRouche in prison, and afterwards participated in international campaigns to exonerate LaRouche.<ref>Mitrofanov, Sergei, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111045253/http://old.russ.ru/persons/99-03-30/mitrof.htm |date=November 11, 2012 }}</ref> An advertisement calling for exoneration was published in several U.S. newspapers, signed by Kuzin, Civil Rights attorney ], former Ugandan president ], and others.<ref>''Alabama Times Daily'', {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1842&dat=19940928&id=7lAeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=wscEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4374,4247988|date=October 17, 2015}} September 28, 1994</ref> Chestnut was interviewed in the '']'' saying that when he met LaRouche, "I told him that he might as well be black and in Alabama."<ref>Reeves, Jay, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1817&dat=19940929&id=F0ggAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vaUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6418,9049416 |date=October 17, 2015 }}, ''The Tuscaloosa News'', September 30, 1994</ref>
===1988: Criminal conviction===
{{Main|LaRouche criminal trials}}
].]]
In October 1986, hundreds of state and federal officers raided LaRouche offices in Virginia and Massachusetts. A federal grand jury in Boston, Massachusetts, indicted LaRouche and 12 associates on ] and ]. Roy Frankhouser was tried separately and convicted of obstructing the investigation. The trial of the remaining defendants was repeatedly delayed and ended in mistrial. Following the mistrial, a federal grand jury in Alexandria, Virginia, indicted LaRouche and six associates with conspiring to commit fraud, and soliciting loans they had no intention of repaying. They disputed the charges, and alleged that the trials were politically motivated.<ref name=LATimes1989>''Los Angeles Times,'' January 27, 1989.</ref>


The exoneration campaigns garnered the support of a number of State Representatives and State Senators in the U.S., as well as a former justice of the Washington State Supreme Court.<ref>Miller, Dean, , ''The Spokesman-Review'', August 21,</ref><ref>Pittmen, David, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141010231801/http://tucsoncitizen.com/morgue2/1995/06/30/111451-four-lawmakers-seek-exoneration-of-lyndon-larouche/ |date=October 10, 2014}}, ''Tucson Citizen'', June 20, 1995</ref>
A number of LaRouche entities, including the Fusion Energy Foundation, were alleged by the government to have defrauded supporters and were shut down with an unusual involuntary bankruptcy proceeding in 1987.


LaRouche was released on parole in January 1994, and returned to Loudoun County. ''The Washington Post'' wrote that he would be supervised by parole and probation officers until January 2004.<ref>Pea, Peter and Smith, Leef. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728161618/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou8.htm |date=July 28, 2017 }}, January 24, 1994.</ref> Also in 1994, his followers joined members of the ] to blame the ] for what they alleged were crimes and conspiracies against African Americans, reportedly one of several such meetings since 1992.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Goodstein |first=Laurie |date=1994-09-02 |title=Nation of Islam official assails Jewish group |language=en-US |newspaper=] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1994/09/02/nation-of-islam-official-assails-jewish-group/9f5df911-86ef-43da-b6ac-390aea72c763/ |access-date=2022-10-30 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>
On December 16, 1988, LaRouche was convicted of conspiracy to commit mail fraud involving more than $30 million in defaulted loans; 11 counts of actual mail fraud involving $294,000 in defaulted loans; and one count of conspiring to defraud the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. He was sentenced to prison for fifteen years. The judge said that the claim of a political vendetta was "arrant (total) nonsense," and that "the idea that this organization is a sufficient threat to anything that would warrant the government bringing a prosecution to silence them just defies human experience."<ref>''The Washington Post,'' July 4, 1989.</ref>


Former U.S. Attorney General ] wrote a letter in 1995 to then-Attorney General ] in which he said that the case against LaRouche involved "a broader range of deliberate and systematic misconduct and abuse of power over a longer period of time in an effort to destroy a political movement and leader, than any other federal prosecution in my time or to my knowledge". He asserted that, "The government, ex parte, sought and received an order effectively closing the doors of these publishing businesses, all of which were involved in First Amendment activities, effectively preventing the further repayment of their debts." He called the convictions "a tragic miscarriage of justice which at this time can only be corrected by an objective review and courageous action by the Department of Justice".<ref>{{cite web |last= Clark |first= Ramsey |title= Letter from former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark to Attorney General Janet Reno |work= LaRouche in 2004|access-date= October 11, 2008 |date= April 26, 1995 |url= http://larouchein2004.net/exoneration/clarkletter.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20061221170153/http://larouchein2004.net/exoneration/clarkletter.htm|archive-date= December 21, 2006}}</ref> The LaRouche movement organized two panels to review the cases: the Curtis Clark Commission,<ref>{{cite web |title= The Curtis Clark Commission Findings: Exonerate Lyndon LaRouche |access-date= October 11, 2008 |date= September 3, 1994 |work= LaRouche in 2004 |url= http://larouchein2004.net/exoneration/exonappendix1.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20031219040856/http://larouchein2004.net/exoneration/exonappendix1.htm|archive-date= December 19, 2003}}</ref> and the ].<ref>{{cite web|title= Statement of Mann-Chestnut Commission|publisher= ]|access-date= October 11, 2008|url= https://larouchepub.com/pr/1997/schiller_pr_04-21-97.html|format= Press release|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081014050826/http://www.larouchepub.com/pr/1997/schiller_pr_04-21-97.html|archive-date= October 14, 2008|url-status= live|df= mdy-all}}</ref>
LaRouche's associates received lesser sentences for mail fraud and conspiracy.<ref name=LATimes1989/> Jury foreman Buster Horton told ''The Washington Post'' that it was the failure of LaRouche's aides to repay loans that swayed the jury in the Virginia case, and that the jury "all agreed was not on trial for his political beliefs. We did not convict him for that. He was convicted for those 13 counts he was on trial for." <ref>''The Washington Post,'' December 17, 1988.</ref> In separate state trials in Virginia and New York, 13 associates received terms ranging from one month to 77 years. The Virginia state trials were described as the highest-profile cases the state Attorney General's office had ever prosecuted.<ref>{{harvnb|Edds|1995}}</ref> Fourteen states issued ]s against LaRouche-related organizations, three of which were forced into bankruptcy after failing to pay ] fines.


Beginning in 1994, LaRouche made numerous visits to Russia, participating in conferences of the ] of the ] (RAS), the RAS Institute of the Far East, and other places. He addressed seminars at the RAS Institute of Economics, the RAS Institute of Oriental Studies. He spoke at hearings in the ] of the Russian Federation on measures to ensure the development of the Russian economy at the point of destabilization of the world financial system.{{Clarify|reason=What is the "point of destabilization of the world financial system"?|date=October 2022}} Two of his books were translated into Russian.<ref name="zavtra.ru"> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214061614/http://zavtra.ru/blogs/slovo-o-larushe |date=February 14, 2019 }}, editorial in ''Zavtra'' ("Tomorrow,") September 5, 2012 -translation into English available {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008021800/http://larouchepac.com/node/23825 |date=October 8, 2012 }}, accessed September 21, 2012</ref>
Defense lawyers filed numerous unsuccessful appeals that challenged the conduct of the grand jury, the contempt fines, the execution of the search warrants and various trial procedures. At least ten appeals were heard by the ], and three were appealed to the ]. Former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark joined the defense team for two appeals. Clark wrote that the case involved "a broader range of deliberate and systematic misconduct and abuse of power over a longer period of time in an effort to destroy a political movement and leader, than any other federal prosecution in my time or to my knowledge."<ref name=renoletter /><ref>{{harvnb|Ford|1995}}</ref>


On September 18, 1996, a full-page advertisement appeared in the ''New Federalist'', a LaRouche publication, as well as '']'' and '']''. Entitled "Officials Call for LaRouche's Exoneration", its signatories included ], former ]; figures from the 1960s American ] such as ] (a leader of the Larouche-affiliated ]), ] (a Larouche movement participant) and ]; former ] ] and Democratic presidential candidate ]; ], who chaired the ]; and artists such as classical vocalist ] and violinist ], former 1st Violin of the ].<ref>{{cite web |title= Exonerate LaRouche|access-date= October 11, 2008 |work= LaRouche in 2004 |url= http://larouchein2004.net/exoneration/exonstatement.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20040228111029/http://larouchein2004.net/exoneration/exonstatement.htm|archive-date= February 28, 2004}} LaRouche's Schiller Institute paid for the advertisement. Amelia Boynton Robinson was at that time a board member of the Institute. James Bevel and William Warfield had been active in various LaRouche organizations.</ref>{{Third-party source-inline|date=October 2022}}
LaRouche had the ] (BOP) register number 15204-083, and he was released from BOP custody on January 26, 1994.<ref>"." ]. Retrieved on January 8, 2010.</ref>


In 1996, LaRouche was invited to speak at a convention organized by the Nation of Islam's ] and ], then of the National African American Leadership Summit. As soon as he began speaking, he was booed off the stage.<ref>{{harvnb|Quinton|1996}}.</ref>
==1990s==
===1989: Imprisonment===
<!--this section needs to be fleshed out a little-->LaRouche began his jail sentence in 1989 and served it at the ] located in ]. From there he ran for Congress in 1990, seeking to represent the ], but received less than one percent of the vote. He ran for President again in 1992 with ], a civil rights activist who had represented the LaRouche movement in its pursuit of the ], as his running mate.<ref>{{harvnb|Dorr|1992}}</ref> It was only the second campaign for president from prison ever, following the 1920 campaign of perennial ] candidate ].<ref>INSIDE POLITICS; Felons Make Lineup for State's Presidential Primary; Patt Morrison. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, Calif.: Jan 5, 2004. pg. B.2</ref>


In the ], he received enough votes in Louisiana and Virginia to get one delegate from each state, but before the primaries began, the Democratic National Committee chair, ], ruled that LaRouche was not a "bona fide Democrat" because of his "expressed political beliefs&nbsp;... which are explicitly racist and anti-Semitic," and because of his "past activities, including exploitation of and defrauding contributors and voters." Fowler instructed state parties to disregard votes for LaRouche.<ref>
During part of his imprisonment he shared a cell with televangelist ]. Bakker later wrote of his astonishment at LaRouche's detailed knowledge of the Bible. According to Bakker, LaRouche received a daily briefing each morning by phone, often in German. Bakker reports that on more than one occasion LaRouche had information days before it was reported on the network news. Bakker also wrote that his cellmate was convinced that their cell was bugged. In Bakker's view, "to say LaRouche was a little paranoid would be like saying that the ''Titanic'' had a little leak."<ref>{{harvnb|Bakker|Abraham|1996|p=250}}</ref>
{{harvnb|Bligh|2008}}.
* LaRouche sued in federal court, claiming a violation of the ]. After losing in the district court, the case was appealed to the First District Court of Appeals, which upheld the lower court's decision. See {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215155904/https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F3/152/974/543769/ |date=February 15, 2019 }}, August 28, 1998.
</ref>


LaRouche opposed attempts to impeach President ], charging it was a plot by the British Intelligence to destabilize the U.S. government.<ref>{{cite news|title=A long list of conspiracy feeders|first=Martin|last=Walker|work=The Gazette|location=Montreal, Que.|date=July 15, 1995|page=B.5}}</ref><ref>, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110703234240/http://wlym.com/~oakland/brutish/BritKillPrez.pdf |date=July 3, 2011 }} ''The New Federalist'' (December 1994)</ref> In 1996 he called for the impeachment of Pennsylvania governor ].<ref>{{cite news|title=LaRouche takes call for Ridge impeachment to TV {{!}} Supporters have criticized changes in welfare program|work=The Patriot|location=Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|date=August 24, 1996|page=B.6}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://larouchepub.com/impeach_ridge/index.html|title=Impeach Tom Ridge!|access-date=April 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233645/http://www.larouchepub.com/impeach_ridge/index.html|archive-date=March 3, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
===1994: Release on parole===
LaRouche was released on parole in 1994. That year, his followers joined members of the ] to condemn the ] for its alleged crimes against African Americans, reportedly one of several such joint meetings since 1992.<ref>{{harvnb|Goodstein|1994}}</ref> In 1996, LaRouche was invited to speak at a convention organized by the Nation of Islam's ] and ], then of the National African American Leadership Summit. As soon as LaRouche began speaking, he was booed off the stage; one delegate said it was because of his actions against African Americans in the past.<ref>{{harvnb|Quintin|1996}}</ref>


Efforts to clear LaRouche's name continued, including in Australia, where the Parliament acknowledged receipt of 1,606 petition signatures in 1998.<ref> {{dead link|date=June 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, June 29, 1998</ref>
In the ], LaRouche received enough votes in Louisiana and Virginia to get one delegate from each state. However, before the primaries began the Democratic National Committee chair, ], had determined that LaRouche was not a "bona fide Democrat" because of his "expressed political beliefs ... which are explicitly racist and anti-Semitic," and because of his "past activities including exploitation of and defrauding contributors and voters." Fowler instructed state parties to disregard votes for LaRouche.<ref>Case: court=dc no=967191a</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Bligh|2008}}</ref> LaRouche sued in federal court, claiming a violation of the ]. After losing in the district court, the case was appealed to the First District Court of Appeals, which upheld the lower court's decision.<ref>LaRouche v. Fowler, August 28, 1998.</ref>


In 1999, the '']'' reported that LaRouche had criticized the ], a congressional investigation that accused the Chinese of stealing U.S. nuclear weapons secrets.<ref>'']'', June 4, 1999.</ref> LaRouche called the report "intrinsically fraudulent," and "a reflection of the kind of scientific illiteracy" of its writers.<ref>LaRouche, June 4, 1999.</ref> In 1999, China's press agency, the ], reported that LaRouche had criticized the ], a congressional investigation that accused the Chinese of stealing U.S. nuclear weapons secrets, calling it a "scientifically illiterate hoax."<ref>{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, Xinhua News Agency, June 4, 1999.</ref> On October 13, 1999, during a press conference to announce his plans to run for president, he predicted the collapse of the world's financial system, saying, "There's nothing like it in this century. ...&nbsp;it is systematic and therefore inevitable." He said the U.S. and other nations had built the "biggest financial bubble in all history," which was close to bankruptcy.<ref>"LaRouche Vows to Change U.S. Politics if Elected President," Xinhua News Agency, October 25, 1999.</ref>


===2000s===
On October 13, 1999 LaRouche, during a press conference to announce plans to run for president, predicted a collapse of the world's financial system, stating, "There's nothing like it in this century.... it is systematic, and therefore, inevitable." He added that the US and other nations had built the "biggest financial bubble in all history" which was close to bankruptcy.<ref>{{cite web | last = '']'' | first = | date = October 25, 1999 | url = | title = LaRouche Vows to Change U.S. Politics if Elected President. | format = ] article | work = | accessdate = January 13, 2009}}</ref>
====2000–2003: Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement, September 11 attacks, presidential run====
]


LaRouche founded the Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement (WLYM) in 2000, saying in 2004 that it had hundreds of members in the U.S. and a lesser number overseas. During the Democratic primaries in June 2000, he received 53,280 votes, or 22% of the total, in ].<ref>For the founding of WYLM and the membership figures, see {{harvnb|Witt|2004}}, p. 2, and {{harvnb|Silva|2006}}.
==2000s==
* For the Democratic primaries figures, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815142426/https://www.economist.com/united-states/2000/06/22/is-lyndon-a-democrat |date=August 15, 2020 }}, ''The Economist'', June 22, 2000.</ref> Despite finishing above the 15% threshold needed to obtain delegates, LaRouche was denied any delegates and was barred from attending the ].<ref name=":9">{{cite web|title=Political Briefing; A Spot for LaRouche? No Way, Party Says| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/11/us/political-briefing-a-spot-for-larouche-no-way-party-says.html|work=The New York Times|date=August 15, 2000|access-date=October 29, 2022}}</ref>
===2000: Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement===
]
{{See|Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement}}
LaRouche founded the Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement (WLYM) in 2000, saying it had hundreds of members in the U.S. by 2004, and a "lesser number abroad."<ref>{{harvnb|Witt2004}}; {{harvnb|Silva|2006}}.</ref> During the 2000 Democratic primaries, he scored in double digits in multiple states, with his best showing in Arkansas, where he received 22 percent of the vote to Vice President ]'s 78 percent. In the Kentucky primary, he placed third with 11 percent, behind Gore and ]. These showings came after Bradley had ceased contesting the nomination and the race was generally considered settled.


In 2002, LaRouche's ''Executive Intelligence Review'' argued that the ] in 2001 had been an ] and "attempted coup d'etat", and that Iran was the first country to question it. The article received wide coverage in Iran, and was cited by senior Iranian government officials, including ] and ]. Mahmoud Alinejad wrote that, in a subsequent telephone interview with the ''Voice of the Islamic Republic of Iran'', LaRouche said the attacks had been organized by rogue elements inside the U.S., aiming to use the incident to promote a war against Islam, and that Israel was a dictatorial regime prepared to commit Nazi-style crimes against the ].<ref>{{harvnb|Alinejad|2004|pp=105–106}}.</ref>
In 2002, in a speech to the ], he discussed his proposal for a ]<ref>LaRouche, June 2, 2002.</ref> Afterwards, he said that the ] could not have taken place without connivance from someone inside the Bush administration. According to the Anti-Defamation League, he also referred during the question-and-answer session after his speech to "Jewish gangsters," and "]" who were "bought by money, the so-called Zionist money."<ref>{{harvnb|Anti-Defamation League|2003}}</ref>


In 2003, LaRouche was living in a "heavily guarded" rented house in ].<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428093533/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/magazine/2004/10/24/no-joke/882986fd-53f1-4443-95f8-f4f265d38f61/ |date=April 28, 2018 }} Retrieved May 7, 2018.</ref>
===2003: Death of Jeremiah Duggan===
{{Main|Death of Jeremiah Duggan}}
LaRouche's movement came to international attention in 2003 when ], a Jewish student from the UK attending a conference organized by the Schiller Institute and LaRouche Youth Movement, died in ], Germany, after he ran down a motorway and was hit by several cars. The German authorities declared his death a suicide. A British court ruled out suicide and decided that Duggan had died while "in a state of terror."<ref name=Witt2004p3/> Duggan's mother believes he died in connection with an attempt to recruit him to the LaRouche movement. A spokesman for the German public prosecution service has said the mother simply cannot accept that her son committed suicide.<ref name=Degen>{{harvnb|Degen|2007}}</ref>


LaRouche again entered the primary elections for the Democratic Party's nomination in 2004, setting a record for the number of consecutive presidential campaigns; Democratic Party officials did not allow him to participate in candidate forum debates. He did not run in 2008.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190227061710/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/lyndon-larouche-tries-again/ |date=February 27, 2019 }}.
The controversy around Duggan's death has remained in the news; in 2006, LaRouche released a statement describing the media reports as a press "hoax" orchestrated by ], then the Vice-President of the United States, and Cheney's wife.<ref name=LaRoucheNov2006>LaRouche, Lyndon H. , Lyndon LaRouche political action committee, November 8, 2006.</ref>
* That he did not run in 2008, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605165602/http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2007/0711.klein.html |date=June 5, 2011 }}.</ref>


As during the preceding decade, LaRouche and his followers denied that human civilization had harmed the environment through ], ]s, or ]. According to ], "Pro-LaRouche publications have been at the forefront of denying the reality of ]".<ref>{{cite web|title=Lyndon LaRouche: Man of Vision or Venom?: What's the Real Story?|first=Chip|last=Berlet|publisher=Political Research Associates|date=September 13, 2007|url=http://www.publiceye.org/larouche/truestory.html|access-date=May 12, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514144919/http://www.publiceye.org/larouche/truestory.html|archive-date=May 14, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
===2004&ndash;2005: Electoral and lobbying activities===
LaRouche again entered the primary elections for the Democratic Party's nomination in 2004, setting a record for the number of consecutive presidential campaigns. LaRouche was present in Boston during the ], but did not attend the convention itself. He held a press conference in which he declared his support for ], and pledged to mobilize his organization to help defeat ] in the ].


====2003–2012: Overseas press coverage, financial crisis====
In 2005, he campaigned against the privatization of ], asserting that this was an issue that could successfully mobilize the population against the policies of the Bush administration.<ref>{{harvnb|Gallagher|undated}}</ref>
]
Iqbal Qazwini wrote in the Arabic-language daily '']'' in 2003 that LaRouche was one of the first to predict the fall of the ] in 1988 and ]. He said LaRouche had urged the West to pursue a policy of economic cooperation similar to the ] for the advancement of the economy of the socialist countries. According to Qazwini, recent years have seen a proliferation of LaRouche's ideas in China and South Asia. Qazwini referred to him as the spiritual father of the revival of the new ] or ], which aims to link the continents through a network of ground transportation.<ref>Qazwini, Iqbal. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222171129/http://translate.google.com/translate?js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&sl=ar&tl=en&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aawsat.com%2Fleader.asp%3Fsection%3D3%26issueno%3D8822%26article%3D148496 |date=February 22, 2017 }}, ''Asharq Al-Awsat'', January 23, 2003.</ref>


In 2005, the '']'' of China covered LaRouche's economic forecasts and published an eight-part interview with him; the interviewer wrote that LaRouche was "quite famous in mainland China today".<ref>{{harvnb|Tang|2005}}</ref><ref>Tang Yong, ''People's Daily'', {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513210957/http://world.people.com.cn/GB/41217/3317833.html|date=May 13, 2013}}, April 13, 2005.</ref>
===Reception in Russia and China===
In ], ] characterizes LaRouche as a well-known dissident and founder of "physical economy".<ref>], Centrasia.ru, July 27, 2006 </ref><ref>Maxim Kalashnikov, KM.RU news, July 10, 2009 </ref> Tatania Shishov, writing in '']'', describes LaRouche as "the greatest American economist, a prominent politician, one of the first to struggle with the financial oligarchy and its major institutions - the World Bank and IMF. He has no equal in the field of economic and financial forecasts."<ref>Shishov, Tatania, "Globalization - Greatest Scam of the Twentieth Century," ], June 29, 2008</ref> GG Pirogov of the ] calls him "one of the greatest original thinkers of the twentieth century."<ref>GG Pirogov, conference presentation to the Lebedev Institute of Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FIAN) </ref> Russian economist and LaRouche movement member ] says that LaRouche is among those few economists who look at the root causes, and therefore see what others cannot see.<ref>Menshikov, ''Slovo'', October 17, 2008 <br/> Printed in translation in ''Executive Intelligence Review'', October 24, 2008, pp17-22 </ref>
LaRouche publications report that he addressed both the Economics Committee of the Russian ] and the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2007; also that year, a paper by LaRouche was presented by Jonathan Tennenbaum, a member of the LaRouche movement, at a conference in Moscow on the Russian plan to build a tunnel under the ].<ref>LaRouche Political Action Committee, April 25, 2007.</ref> On May 15, 2007, he addressed the Russian Academy of Sciences to commemorate the 80th birthday of ], according to LaRouche PAC.<ref>LaRouche Political Action Committee, undated.</ref> In November 2005, an eight-part interview with LaRouche was published in the ] of China, covering his economic forecasts, his battles with the American media, and his assessment of the neoconservatives.<ref>{{harvnb|Tang|2005}}</ref>


In 2007, LaRouche began a national lobbying campaign to restore the ], saying that it would be possible to save the U.S. banking system by reorganizing it under bankruptcy protection.<ref>*Lindo, Bill, {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220528151555/https://amandala.com.bz/news/ |date=May 28, 2022 }}, ''Amandala Online'', March 31, 2009
Iqbal Qazwini, writing in the Arabic-language daily ], says that that LaRouche was one of the first who predicted the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1988, and German unification. LaRouche also urged the West to pursue a policy of economic cooperation with the socialist countries like the Marshall Plan after World War II, which rebuilt Germany. Qazwini goes on to say that in recent years there has been a proliferation of the ideas of LaRouche in China and South Asia, calling him the spiritual father of the new Silk Road or Eurasian Landbridge, a massive industrial project which aims to link the continents together through networks of advanced ground transportation accompanied by the creation of industrial and agricultural development zones, and bring development to areas that had been kept isolated and backward.<ref>Qazwini, Iqbal, "Major International Crises Need a Giant Project to Overcome Them," , January 23,</ref>
* Paine, Laura, {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203083630/http://www.patriotledger.com/your_vote/election-1/x128165993/Frank-meets-LaRouche-candidate-Brown-in-only-primary-debate |date=December 3, 2013 }}, ''Patriot-Ledger'', February 8, 2010</ref> Also in 2007, he proposed a "Homeowners and Bank Protection Act". This called for the establishment of a federal agency that would "place federal- and state-chartered banks under protection, freeze all existing home mortgages for a period of time, adjust mortgage values to fair prices, restructure existing mortgages at appropriate interest rates, and write off speculative debt obligations of mortgage-backed securities". The bill envisioned a foreclosure moratorium, allowing homeowners to make the equivalent of rental payments for an interim period, and an end to bank bailouts, forcing banks to reorganize under bankruptcy laws.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214233440/http://www.saukvalley.com/articles/2007/11/02/news/state/293146607163817.txt |date=February 14, 2019 }}, saukvalley.com, November 2, 2007.</ref> In spring 2007 he was an honorary foreign guest at a ceremony in honor of the 80th birthday of ] at the Russian Academy of Sciences.<ref name="zavtra.ru" />


====2009: U.S. health care reform<!-- Death panel links here-->====
===2007: LaRouche on the financial crisis===
] with a ]]]
Russian economist ], close to the LaRouche Movement, wrote that, in a July 25, 2007 webcast,<ref> July 25, 2007, LaRouche PAC</ref> LaRouche was the first to observe disorder in the mortgage sector and to conclude that the financial system was crumbling.<ref name=Menshikov2008>Menshikov, Stanislav, "The crisis is galloping on the planet,", ''Slovo'', October 17, 2008</ref> LaRouche subsequently proposed legislation, the "Homeowners and Banks Protection Act of 2007",<ref>Text of Bill , published in ''EIR'', February 13, 2009</ref> to halt foreclosures, freeze mortgage rates, and write off speculative debt obligations. Menshikov asserted that the proposal could have prevented the crisis had it been enacted. According to a LaRouche PAC release, over 100 cities and several states passed resolutions in support of the bill.<ref>LaRouche PAC release, "Pass the Homeowners & Bank Protection Act," , undated</ref>
During the discussion of U.S. health care reform in 2009, LaRouche advocated a ] bill and took exception to what he described as President ]'s proposal that "independent boards of doctors and health care experts make the life-and-death decisions of what care to provide, and what not, based on cost-effectiveness criteria." LaRouche said the proposed boards would amount to the same thing as the ]' ] euthanasia program. A press release from his political action committee asserted: "Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouchePAC are the source of the campaign to expose the Obama ‘health care’ policy as modeled on that of Hitler in 1939."<ref>{{cite news|last=Mackey|first=Robert|url=https://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/08/25/visitors-from-planet-larouche|title=Visitors from Planet LaRouche|work=The New York Times|date=August 25, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710153015/https://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/08/25/visitors-from-planet-larouche/|archive-date=July 10, 2017 }}</ref>


Images at tables of volunteers compared Obama to ], and at least one had a picture of Obama with a Hitler-style mustache. In Seattle, police were called twice in response to people threatening to attack the volunteers. During one widely reported public meeting, Congressman ] called the images "vile, contemptible nonsense."<ref>Overley, Jeff. "LaRouche activists press message; Demonstrators battle health care overhaul by likening ideas to Hitler's policies", ''Orange County Register'', August 23, 2009.</ref><ref>For the pamphlets and posters, see {{harvnb|Schultz|2009}}.</ref><ref>For the police being called, see {{harvnb|McNerthney|2009}}.</ref><ref>For Barney Frank, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901172319/http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/08/18/frank.heath.care/index.html |date=September 1, 2009 }}.</ref>
According to ], the official newspaper of ], LaRouche warned in July 2007 that unless US stopped monopolizing world finances, and united with China, Russia, and India to reorganize the world financial system, a new world wide credit crisis would be unavoidable.<ref>] 2009-07-24</ref> ] Senior Editor Jeffrey Steinberg, writing in ] government newspaper ''Narodnaya Gazeta'', says that LaRouche proposed a new system of international relations, built around the joint work of four leading powers—the United States, Russia, China and India. According to Steinberg, the proposal would create a core group of powerful nations whose activities would be based on respect for national sovereignty and aims to establish a rapid economic development through investment in large infrastructure development projects in Eurasia.<ref></ref> LaRouche repeated the call for economic cooperation between the governments of the US, China, Russia, and India at a November 2007 meeting in Los Angeles of the Forum on US-China Relations and China's Peaceful Reunification.<ref>*{{cite web | last = '']'' | first = | date = November 24, 2007 | url = | title = US economist: US, China should join hands to reform world financial system | format = ] article | work = ] | accessdate = January 13, 2009}}</ref>


==Ideology and beliefs==
LaRouche was credited by a newspaper and two politicians in Italy as having forecast the ]. On December 17, 2008, Ivo Caizzi of '']'' referred to LaRouche as "the guru politician who, since the nineties, has announced the crash of speculative finances and the need for a New ]." The article said that Italian Economics Minister ] was "an attentive reader" of LaRouche's anti-] and anti-] writings.<ref>Caizzi 2008</ref> In a translation on a LaRouche website, Italian Europarliamentarian ] of the ] was quoted as calling LaRouche, "an heretical economist who had forecast the financial crisis much in advance, and who has long since developed a lucid and deep analysis of the distortions in the world economic system."<ref>'']'', December 18, 2008, p. 12.</ref> Italian Senator ], in a July 2009 speech before the Senate, called LaRouche an expert in the field who had predicted the crisis.<ref> July 21, 2009. Google translation: "Our appeals and those of many other experts in the field, like that of American economist Lyndon LaRouche, have unfortunately remained unanswered, with the result that today we face a crisis that threatens to become a disaster like that of 1929. Today, all call for a new Bretton Woods, including Minister Tremonti."</ref>
{{Main|Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement}}


] political philosophers ] and ] write of LaRouche that "t must be nearly unique in American politics that a presidential candidate&nbsp;... makes the interpretation of ] a major issue in his campaign."<ref>Zuckert, Catherine H and Michael P, ''The Truth about Leo Strauss: Political Philosophy and American Democracy'', p. 12</ref>
'']'' reports that LaRouche's solution to the crisis includes "fixed currency-exchange rates, massive spending on new nuclear reactors, and a rejection of all global-warming ideas" and that failure to follow his advice will result, according to LaRouche, in "a plunge of the planet into a mass-murderous new dark age."<ref>{{cite news|title=Inside Washington|first=Neil |last=Munro |work=]|location= Washington, D.C. |date=April 5, 2008|volume=40|issue=14|page=1}}</ref>


According to ], LaRouche saw history as a battle between ], who believe in absolute truth, and ], who rely on ] data. Johnson characterizes LaRouche's views as follows: the Platonists include figures such as ], ], ], ], and ]. LaRouche believed that many of the world's ills result from the dominance of Aristotelianism as embraced by the ] (such as ], ], ], and ]), leading to a culture that favors the empirical over the ], embraces ], and seeks to keep the general population uninformed. Industry, technology, and classical music should be used to enlighten the world, LaRouche argued, whereas the Aristotelians use ], drugs, ], jazz, environmentalism, and ] to bring about a new Dark Age in which the world will be ruled by ]. Left and right are false distinctions for LaRouche; what matters is the Platonic versus Aristotelian outlook, a position that has led him to form relationships with groups as disparate as farmers, nuclear engineers, ], ], and ] advocates.
===2007: Death of Kenneth Kronberg===<!--this section is linked to-->
{{Main|Kenneth Kronberg}}
]
In April 2007, Kenneth Kronberg, a longtime associate of LaRouche and co-founder of the Schiller Institute's '']'' magazine, committed suicide. Kronberg ran a printing service for the LaRouche movement in Sterling, VA, and was in arrears with tax payments, because groups within the movement were late with their payments for his services.<ref>''The Washington Post'', May 1, 2007.</ref> On April 11, Kronberg leapt off a Route 28 overpass in Sterling shortly after seeing the movement's so-called "morning briefing," a daily summary of material members are expected to read, which reflects the outcome of executive committee meetings held at LaRouche's home.<ref>Sources disagree as to whether LaRouche was the author of the briefing. Jana Wagoner writes in the ''Loudoun Times-Mirror'' that LaRouche wrote it; see , August 25, 2009. Avi Klein writes in the ''Washington Monthly'' that a close associate did; see , November 2007.</ref> The briefing attacked "]" like Kronberg, and singled his print shop out for criticism, adding, "The Boomers will be scared into becoming human, because you're in the real world, and they're not. Unless they want to commit suicide."<ref name=Klein2007>{{harvnb|Klein|2007}}</ref> Kronberg's widow filed suit against LaRouche and others in August 2009, charging that they had libeled her by implying that her support for the re-election of George W. Bush drove her husband to suicide, and that she had committed perjury at LaRouche's trial in 1988 to help secure his conviction.<ref name=Wagoner>{{harvnb|Wagoner|2009}}</ref>


In ''Architects of Fear'' (1983), Johnson compares LaRouche's view to an ]; Johnson writes that after he wrote about LaRouche in '']'', LaRouche's followers denounced him as part of a conspiracy of elitists that began in ].{{sfn|Johnson|1983|pp=187ff}}{{sfn|Copulus|1984|p=2}}{{sfn|Johnson|1983|pp=14}}{{sfn|George|Wilcox|1992|pp=314ff}}<ref>For LaRouche on his philosophy, see LaRouche, Lyndon. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110609111116/http://wlym.com/PDF-77-85/CAM7806.pdf |date=June 9, 2011 }}, ''The Campaigner'', May–June 1978, p. 5ff.</ref> But according to LaRouche, Aristotelians are not necessarily in communication or coordination with one another: "From their standpoint, are proceeding by instinct," LaRouche said. "If you're asking how their policy is developed{{snd}}if there is an inside group sitting down and making plans{{snd}}no, it doesn't work that way&nbsp;... History doesn't function quite that consciously."<ref>{{harvnb|Toumey|1996|p=85ff.}}</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|1983|pp=187ff}}<ref>For the empiricists, see also {{harvnb|Robins|Post|1997|p=196}}.</ref><ref>For the list of friends and foes, see {{harvnb|Johnson|1983|pp=22, 188, 192–193, 198}}</ref><ref>For LaRouche's comment about the conspirators not needing to be in touch with each other, see {{harvnb|Johnson|1983|p=198}}.</ref>
===2009: LaRouche on Obama===<!--this section is linked to-->
], 2009]]
In 2009, during discussion of U.S. health care reform, LaRouche said he supported a ] policy, as opposed to the plan proposed by President ]. LaRouche compared Obama to ], and the proposed health-insurance reform to Hitler's ] euthanasia program.<ref>LaRouche Political Action Committee, July 22, 2009.</ref> He said Americans must "quickly and suddenly change the behavior of this president ... for no lesser reason than that your sister might not end up in somebody's gas oven."<ref>Overley August 23, 2009.</ref> The movement printed pamphlets showing Obama and Hitler laughing together, and posters of Obama wearing a Hitler-style mustache.<ref>Schultz July 23, 2009.</ref> In Seattle, police were called twice in response to people threatening to tear the posters apart, or to assault the LaRouche supporters holding them.<ref>McNerthney July 14, 2009.</ref> During one widely reported public meeting, Congressman ] referred to the posters as "vile, contemptible nonsense."<ref>CNN, August 19, 2009</ref>


In 2011, Stephen E. Adkins's ''Encyclopedia of Right-Wing Extremism In Modern American History'' called LaRouche "the leading neo-fascist politician in the United States".{{Sfn|Atkins|2011|p=108}}
==Books by LaRouche==

{{refbegin|2}}
==Controversy==
*''Dialectical Economics An Introduction to Marxist Political Economy''. Lexington, Mass: Heath, 1975. ISBN 0-669-85308-9

*''The Case of Walter Lippmann A Presidential Strategy''. New York: Campaigner Publications, 1977. ISBN 0-918388-06-6
LaRouche was described as having "] tendencies", taking positions on the ] (despite his self-identification with the ] and some left-wing policies), and creating ].<ref>For Rosenfeld in ''The Washington Post'', see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107165429/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/120029198.html?dids=120029198:120029198&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+24%2C+1976&author=Stephen+S.+Rosenfeld&pub=The+Washington+Post++%281974-Current+file%29&edition=&startpage=A15&desc=NCLC%3A+%27A+Domestic+Political+Menace%27 |date=November 7, 2012 }}.</ref>
*''How to Defeat Liberalism and William F. Buckley 1980 Campaign Policy''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1979. ISBN 0-933488-03-3

*''The Power of Reason A Kind of Autobiography''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. House, 1979. ISBN 0-933488-01-7
===Designation as a conspiracy theorist===
*''Will the Soviets Rule During the 1980<nowiki>'</nowiki>s''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1979. ISBN 0-933488-02-5
LaRouche was commonly regarded as a conspiracy theorist: for example, in his Fox News obituary.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lyndon LaRouche, perennial presidential candidate, dead at 96 |website=] |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/lyndon-larouche-perennial-presidential-candidate-dead-at-96 |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328012303/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/lyndon-larouche-perennial-presidential-candidate-dead-at-96 |archive-date=March 28, 2019 |url-status=live |date=February 13, 2019 }}</ref> An article in the ]<ref>{{cite web |title='Prophet: Debt crisis a new world order plot |url=https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2011/08/02/%E2%80%98prophet%E2%80%99-debt-crisis-new-world-order-plot |access-date=March 28, 2019 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328012313/https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2011/08/02/%25E2%2580%2598prophet%25E2%2580%2599-debt-crisis-new-world-order-plot |archive-date=March 28, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> website names him as "a fringe ideologue and conspiracy theorist whom Chip Berlet, senior analyst at ] and an expert on the radical right calls "the man who brought us fascism wrapped in an American flag". An NPR obituary is titled ''Conspiracy Theorist And Frequent Presidential Candidate Lyndon LaRouche Dies At 96''.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Conspiracy Theorist And Frequent Presidential Candidate Lyndon LaRouche Dies At 96 |website=] |date=February 14, 2019 |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694626800/conspiracy-theorist-and-frequent-presidential-candidate-lyndon-larouche-dies-at- |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320115156/https://www.npr.org/2019/02/14/694626800/conspiracy-theorist-and-frequent-presidential-candidate-lyndon-larouche-dies-at- |archive-date=March 20, 2019 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all |last1=Doubek |first1=James }}</ref> ''The Washington Post'' obituary reports he was "often described as an extremist crank and fringe figure" and that he "built a worldwide following based on conspiracy theories, economic doom, anti-Semitism, homophobia and racism".<ref>{{cite news |title=Lyndon LaRouche Jr., conspiracy theorist and presidential candidate, dies at 96 |newspaper=] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/lyndon-larouche-jr-conspiracy-theorist-and-presidential-candidate-dies-at-96/2019/02/13/22170d42-2f21-11e9-813a-0ab2f17e305b_story.html |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328012306/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/lyndon-larouche-jr-conspiracy-theorist-and-presidential-candidate-dies-at-96/2019/02/13/22170d42-2f21-11e9-813a-0ab2f17e305b_story.html |archive-date=March 28, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*''Basic Economics for Conservative Democrats''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-04-1

*''What Every Conservative Should Know About Communism''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-06-8
===Allegations of antisemitism===
*''Why Revival of "SALT" Won't Stop War''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-08-4
Beginning in the mid-1970s, allegations began to appear saying that LaRouche had ] and antisemitic tendencies.<ref>
*with ]. ''The Ugly Truth About Milton Friedman''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1980. ISBN 0-933488-09-2
For example, see {{harvnb|Rosenfeld|1976}}; {{harvnb|Horowitz|1981}}; {{harvnb|Lerman|1988}}; {{harvnb|Griffin|Feldman|2003}}, p. 144; and {{harvnb|Blamires|2006}}.
*''There Are No Limits to Growth''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1983. ISBN 0-933488-31-9
* Also see Chavis, Benjamin F. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4ZglAAAAIBAJ&sjid=XfUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5005,516671&dq=fascists+julian-bond+larouche&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, ''Washington Afro-American'', August 12, 1986.
*''So, You Wish to Learn All About Economics? A Text on Elementary Mathematical Economics''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1984. ISBN 0-943235-13-8
</ref>
*''Imperialism The Final Stage of Bolshevism''. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House, 1984. ISBN 0-933488-33-5

*''The Power of Reason, 1988 An Autobiography''. Washington, D.C.: Executive Intelligence Review, 1987.ISBN 0-943235-00-6
In 1977, LaRouche married his second wife, ], a German 27 years younger than he. Her 1984 book, ''The Hitler Book'', argues that "We need a movement that can finally free Germany from the control of the ] and ] treaties, thanks to which we have staggered from one catastrophe to another for an entire century."<ref>In German: "Wir brauchen eine Bewegung, die Deutschland endlich aus der Kontrolle der Kräfte von Versailles und Jalta befreit, die uns schon ein ganzes Jahrhundert lang von einer Katastrophe in die andere stürzt."</ref> Helga founded the ], which has been described as ] by the '']'' and ], a nonprofit research group that studies right-wing, white supremacist, and militia groups.<ref>{{cite news |language=de |title=Tod auf der Straße |url=http://www.berlinonline.de/berliner-zeitung/archiv/.bin/dump.fcgi/2008/1023/seite3/0006/index.html |publisher=Berlineonline.de |work=Berliner Zeitung |date=October 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029030433/http://www.berlinonline.de/berliner-zeitung/archiv/.bin/dump.fcgi/2008/1023/seite3/0006/index.html |archive-date=October 29, 2008 |access-date=May 13, 2014}} Article title in English is "Death on the Streets".</ref><ref name=Newsnight>Samuels, Tim. "Jeremiah Duggan's death and Lyndon LaRouche," ''Newsnight'', February 12, 2004.</ref>
*''In Defense of Common Sense''. Washington, D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1989. ISBN 0-9621095-3-3

*''The Science of Christian Economy''. Washington, D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1991. ISBN 0-9621095-6-8
LaRouche claimed that he was ], not antisemitic.<ref name=Montgomery1979>{{harvnb|Montgomery|1979}}.</ref> When the ] (ADL) accused LaRouche of antisemitism in 1979, he filed a $26-million libel suit; the case failed when Justice Michael Dontzin of the ] ruled that it was ] and that the facts "reasonably give rise" to that description.<ref>{{harvnb|Copulus|1984|p=4, footnote 5}}.</ref><ref>Also see Binder, Sarah. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0URgAAAAIBAJ&sjid=tHANAAAAIBAJ&pg=5372,277201&dq=dontzin+larouche&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}, The Canadian Press, September 1, 1984.</ref> LaRouche started a campaign against the ADL and set up a group called "The Provisional Committee to Clean Up B'nai Brith."{{citation needed|date=July 2016}}
*with Paul Gallager. ''Cold Fusion: A Challenge to U.S. Science Policy''. Washington, D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1992. ISBN 0-9621095-7-6

*''Now, Are You Ready to Learn About Economics?'' Washington, D.C.: EIR News Service, 2000. ISBN 0-943235-18-9
LaRouche said in 1986 that descriptions of him as a neo-fascist or anti-Semite stemmed from "the drug lobby or the Soviet operation{{snd}}which is sometimes the same thing,"<ref>For the drug lobby quote, see {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017120129/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=l1UcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=q1IEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6978,5074258&dq=the-drug-lobby-or-the-soviet-operation-which-is-sometimes-the-same-thing&hl=en |date=October 17, 2015 }}.</ref><ref>Also see "LaRouche alleges conspiracy from Moscow to White House", Associated Press, April 19, 1986.</ref> and in 2006 wrote that "religious and racial hatred, such as antisemitism, or hatred against Islam, or, hatred of Christians, is, on record of known history, the most evil expression of criminality to be seen on the planet today."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://larouchepac.com/pages/writings_files/2006/060917_bernard_lewis_prt.htm |title=LaRouche, September 17, 2006 |access-date=October 22, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061022223546/http://larouchepac.com/pages/writings_files/2006/060917_bernard_lewis_prt.htm |archive-date=October 22, 2006}}.</ref> ] wrote in 1988 that LaRouche used "the British" as a code word for "Jews,"<ref>{{harvnb|Lerman|1988|p=213}}.</ref> a theory also propounded by Dennis King, author of ''Lyndon LaRouche and the New American Fascism'' (1989). George Johnson argued that King's presentation failed to take into account that several members of LaRouche's inner circle were Jewish.<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|1989|p=2}}.</ref> ] wrote in 1997 that LaRouche's references to the British really were to the British, though he agreed that an alleged British-Jewish alliance lay at the heart of LaRouche's conspiracism.<ref>{{harvnb|Pipes|1997|pp=137, 142}}.</ref>
*''The Economics of the Nöosphere'' Washington, D.C.: EIR News Service, 2001. ISBN 0-943235-20-0

As of 2016, the ] states that "The international organization run by Lyndon LaRouche is a major source of such masked antisemitic theories globally. In the U.S. the LaRouchites spread these conspiracy theories in an alliance with aides to Minister ] of the ]. A series of LaRouchite pamphlets calls the neoconservative movement the 'Children of Satan', which links Jewish neo-conservatives to the historic rhetoric of the ]."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/neo-nazism-2 |title=Neo-Nazism |access-date=April 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502155600/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/neo-nazism-2 |archive-date=May 2, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Allegations of racism===
] of ] wrote in 1998 that LaRouche tried in the mid-1980s to build bridges to the black community. Marable argued that most of the community was not fooled and quoted the ], an organization for African American trade unionists, declaring that "LaRouche appeals to fear, hatred and ignorance. He seeks to exploit and exacerbate the anxieties and frustrations of Americans by offering an array of scapegoats and enemies: Jews, Zionists, international bankers, blacks, labor unions{{snd}}much the way Hitler did in Germany."<ref name="Manning 1998">{{harvnb|Manning|1998}}.</ref> During LaRouche's slander suit against NBC in 1984, ], leader of the ], took the stand for LaRouche as a character witness, stating under oath that LaRouche's views on racism were "consistent with his own." Asked whether he had seen any indication of racism in LaRouche's associates, he replied that he had not.<ref>{{harvnb|George|Wilcox|1992|pp=317, 322}}.</ref>

===Disputed record as economist and forecaster===
LaRouche material frequently acclaims him as the world's greatest economist and the world's most successful forecaster. For example, his book title ''The Economics of the Noösphere: Why Lyndon LaRouche Is the World's Most Successful Economic Forecaster of the Past Four Decades''.<ref>The book has the puff: "American Economist Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr., has been right in his long-range economic and related forecasts{{snd}}in contrast to virtually all other economists and political leaders, who have been simply wrong." {{cite book |title=(Book sales page) |isbn = 978-1980307884|last1 = Vernadsky|first1 = Vladimir|last2 = Larouche|first2 = Lyndon|date = February 16, 2018| publisher=Independently Published }}</ref> However, a website of disgruntled ex-movement leaders lists incorrect predictions of sudden world economic collapse, war or depression in 1956, 1961–1970, 1972, 1975–1992,<ref>] occurred, however LaRouche's actual statements in advance were to refer lukewarmly to predictions made by unnamed "leading European financial officials" {{cite web |id=laroucheplanet |url=http://laroucheplanet.info/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Cult.FcrasH |title=The "Financial Crash/Economic Depression" |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116064709/http://laroucheplanet.info/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Cult.FcrasH |archive-date=November 16, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> and 1994–2011.<ref name="auto">{{cite web |id=laroucheplanet |url=http://laroucheplanet.info/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Cult.FcrasH |title=The "Financial Crash/Economic Depression" |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116064709/http://laroucheplanet.info/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Cult.FcrasH |archive-date=November 16, 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Apart from the numerous failed predictions are claimed some successful predictions or proposals: the eventual reunification of Germany,<ref name="auto"/> the Star Wars initiative, the New Silk Road<ref name="auto"/> (claimed as a precursor to the Chinese ].){{Third-party inline|date=October 2022}}

==Movement==
{{Main|LaRouche movement}}
Estimates of the size of LaRouche's movement have varied over the years; most say there is a core membership of 500 to 2,000. The estimated 600 members in 1978 paid monthly dues of $24. Johnson wrote in 1983 that both the ] and the National Democratic Policy Committee had attracted some 20,000 members, as well as 300,000 magazine subscribers.<ref>In 1974 Larouche said the NCLC had 1,000 members and his other organizations 1,000 to 2,000; see Valentine, Paul W. (February 25, 1974), "NCLC Fights a Psychic War Against CIA and Left Rivals", ''The Capital Times'' (Madison, Wis.): pp. 22–23.</ref><ref>For 20,000 members in the Fusion Energy Foundation and National Democratic Policy Committee, and 300,000 magazine subscribers, see {{harvnb|Johnson|1983|p=191}}.</ref><ref>In 1987 John Mintz of the ''Washington Post'' wrote that there more than 500 members worldwide; see Mintz, September 20, 1987.</ref><ref>In 2004 ''The Washington Post'' estimated that the LaRouche Youth Movement had hundreds of members in the U.S. and more abroad; see {{harvnb|Witt|2004}}.</ref>

According to Christopher Toumey, LaRouche's ] within the movement was grounded on members' belief that he possessed a unique level of insight and expertise. He identified an emotionally charged issue, conducted in-depth research into it, and then proposed a simplistic solution, which usually involved restructuring of the economy or national security apparatus. He and the membership portrayed anyone opposing him as immoral and part of the conspiracy.<ref>{{harvnb|Toumey|1996|p=86}}</ref><ref>Mintz, September 20, 1987; see above.</ref><ref>{{cite web |agency=The Washington Post |first1=Timothy R. | last1=Smith |title=Lyndon LaRouche Jr. – conspiracy theorist, presidential candidate and longtime Virginian – dies |url=https://www.richmond.com/news/obituary/lyndon-larouche-jr-conspiracy-theorist-presidential-candidate-and-longtime-virginian/article_ae264da7-71de-58cd-8884-c39b02abffb9.html |url-access=subscription |website=Richmond Times-Dispatch |date=February 13, 2019 |access-date=February 14, 2019 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190214144258/https://www.richmond.com/news/obituary/lyndon-larouche-jr-conspiracy-theorist-presidential-candidate-and-longtime-virginian/article_ae264da7-71de-58cd-8884-c39b02abffb9.html |archive-date=February 14, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Description as a cult===
The LaRouche movement has been described as a cult or cult-like by critics and anti-cult organizations.<ref>The LaRouche movement was treated in a series on cults in the Washington Post in 1985, in company with for example the ] (Orange People){{cite news |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/main.htm |title=Ideological Odyssey: From Old Left to Far Right |author=John Mintz |newspaper=] |access-date=July 6, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040113074000/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/main.htm |archive-date=January 13, 2004 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":3">"One of America’s contributions to the 20th-century’s rich legacy of dangerous political cult leaders" {{cite web |title=Political Cult Leader Lyndon LaRouche Dies at 96 |date=February 13, 2019 |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/02/political-cult-leader-lyndon-larouche-dies-at-96.html |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328042317/http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/02/political-cult-leader-lyndon-larouche-dies-at-96.html |archive-date=March 28, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-cult-and-the-candidate-553850.html |title=The cult and the candidate |website=] |date=July 20, 2004 |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110528205628/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/the-cult-and-the-candidate-553850.html |archive-date=May 28, 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>"But in Germany, they are seen as a political cult{{snd}}and a potentially dangerous one" {{cite web |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/09/18/lyndon-larouche-is-running-a-pro-china-party-in-germany/ |website=Foreign Policy |title=Lyndon LaRouche Is Running A Pro-China Party In Germany |date=September 18, 2017 |access-date=March 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328042318/https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/09/18/lyndon-larouche-is-running-a-pro-china-party-in-germany/ |archive-date=March 28, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

A 1987 article by John Mintz in ''The Washington Post'' reported that members of the LaRouche movement lived hand-to-mouth in crowded apartments, with their basic needs paid for by the movement. They worked raising money or selling newspapers for LaRouche, doing research for him, or singing in a group choir, spending almost every waking hour together.<ref name=MintzSep201987> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107184131/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73846043.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Sep+20%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&edition=&startpage=c.01&desc=Inside+the+Weird+World+of+Lyndon+LaRouche |date=November 7, 2012 }}.</ref>

The group is known for its caustic attacks on opponents and former members. It has justified what it calls "psywar techniques" as necessary to shake people up; Johnson in 1983 quoted a LaRouche associate: "We're not very nice, so we're hated. Why be nice? It's a cruel world. We're in a war and the human race is up for grabs".<ref>{{harvnb|Johnson|1983|pp=191–192}}.</ref> Charles Tate, a former LaRouche associate, told ''The Washington Post'' in 1987 that members see themselves as exempt from the ordinary laws of society: "They feel that the continued existence of the human race is totally dependent on what they do in the organization, that nobody would be here without LaRouche. They feel justified in a peculiar way doing anything whatsoever."<ref name=MintzSep201987/>

==Death==
LaRouche's death was announced on the website of one of his organizations. He died on February 12, 2019, at age 96. Neither the place nor cause of his death was specified.<ref name="NYTDeath"/>

==Publications==
{{Refbegin|40em}}
* (as Lyn Marcus). New York: West Village Committee for Independent Political Action (1967).
* ''Mass Action'', with ]. Ann Arbor, Michigan: ] (1968).<!--check this-->
* ''The Philosophy of Socialist Education''. New York: ] (1969).
* ''Centrism as a Social Phenomenon: How Not to Build a Revolutionary Party'' (as Lyn Marcus), with Uwe Henke von Parpart. New York: ] (1970).
* ''Education, Science and Politics''. New York: ] (1972).
* New York: Campaigner Publications (1975). ''The Campaigner'', vol. 8, no. 9 (Nov. 1975).
* New York: Campaigner Publications (1975).
* ''A Presidential Campaign White Paper on Agricultural Production''. New York: New Solidarity International Press Service (1975).
* ''The Rothschilds, from Pitt to Rockefeller'' (1976). {{OCLC|4895071}}.
* New York: Heath (1975). {{ISBN|0669853089}}.
* New York: Campaigner Publications (1977). {{ISBN|0918388066}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1979). {{ISBN|0933488033}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1979). {{ISBN|0933488017}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1979). {{ISBN|0933488025}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1980). {{ISBN|0933488041}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1980). {{ISBN|0933488068}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1980). {{ISBN|0933488084}}.
* , with ]. New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1980). {{ISBN|0933488092}}.
* New York: ] (1982).
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1983). {{ISBN|0933488319}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1984). {{ISBN|0943235138}}.
* New York: New Benjamin Franklin House (1984). {{ISBN|0933488335}}.
* ''The Power of Reason, 1988: An Autobiography''. Washington, D.C.: '']'' (1987). {{ISBN|0943235006}}.
* ''In Defense of Common Sense''. Washington, D.C.: ] (1989). {{ISBN|0962109533}}.
* ''The Science of Christian Economy''. Washington, D.C.: ] (1991). {{ISBN|0962109568}}.
* , with Paul Gallager. Washington, D.C.: ] (1992). {{ISBN|0962109576}}.
* ''Now, Are You Ready to Learn About Economics?'' Washington, D.C.: ] (2000). {{ISBN|0943235189}}.
* ''The Economics of the Nöosphere''. Washington, D.C.: ] (2001). {{ISBN|0943235200}}.
{{Refend}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{anchor|Books general}}
===Works cited===
;Books or chapters about LaRouche
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{citation |last1=Alexander |first1=Robert Jackson |date=1991 |chapter=The Strange Case of the National Caucus of Labor Committees |title=International Trotskyism, 1929–1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement |isbn=978-0-8223-1066-2 |publisher=Duke University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_eUtQjseKaIC&pg=PA944}}
* {{citation |last=Blamires |first=Cyprian |date=2006 |title=Lyndon LaRouche |encyclopedia=World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=1-57607-940-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nvD2rZSVau4C&pg=PA375}}
* {{Citation |last1=George |first1=John |last2=Wilcox |first2=Laird M. |chapter=The LaRouche Network |title=Nazis, Communists, Klansmen, and Others on the Fringe: Political Extremism in America |date=1992 |publisher=Prometheus Books |page=312ff |isbn=978-0-87975-680-2 |url=http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=58647858}}
* {{citation |last=Johnson |first=George |date=1983 |chapter=The 'New Dark Ages' Conspiracy |title=Architects of Fear: Conspiracy Theories and Paranoia in American Politics |publisher=J.P Tarcher |isbn=0-87477-275-3}}
* {{citation |last=King |first=Dennis |date=1989 |title=Lyndon LaRouche and the New American Fascism |work=Doubleday |isbn=978-0-385-23880-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/larouchenewamericanfascism}}
* {{citation |last=Lerman |first=Antony |date=1988 |chapter=Le Pen and LaRouche: Political Extremism in Democratic Societies |editor-last=Frankel |editor-first=William |isbn=978-0-8386-3322-9 |title=Survey of Jewish Affairs 1987 |publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson University Press |page=202 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9IMiLBWqCsAC&pg=PA202}}
* {{citation |last=Manning |first=Marable |date=1998 |chapter=Black Fundamentalism: Louis Farrakhan and the Politics of Conservative Black Nationalism (part IV) |title=Black Leadership |publisher=Columbia University Press |pages=175–182}}
* {{citation |last1=Robins |first1=Robert S. |last2=Post |first2=Jerrold M. |date=1997 |chapter=Lyndon LaRouche: The Extremity of Reason |title=Political Paranoia: The Psychopolitics of Hatred |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=0-300-07027-6}}
* {{citation |last=Toumey |first=Christopher P. |chapter=The LaRouche Theory of AIDS/HIV |title=Conjuring Science: Scientific Symbols and Cultural Meanings in American Life |date=1996 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |isbn=978-0-8135-2285-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kV7j8tUq0rcC&pg=PA84}}
* {{citation |last1=Tourish |first1=Dennis |last2=Wohlforth |first2=Tim |date=2000 |title=On the Edge: Political Cults Right and Left |publisher=M.E Sharpe |isbn=0-7656-0639-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xXcsNRUuHEUC}}
{{refend}} {{refend}}


;Books (general)
==Notes==
{{reflist|colwidth=18em}} {{Refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{citation |last=Alinejad |first=Mahmoud |editor1-last=Van Der Weer |editor1-first=Peter |date=2004 |chapter=Political Islam in Iran and the emergence of a religious public sphere: The impact of September 11 |title=Media, War, and Terrorism: Responses from the Middle East and Asia |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-33140-4}}
* {{citation |last1=Bakker |first1=Jim |last2=Abraham |first2=Ken |date=1996 |title=I Was Wrong |publisher=T. Nelson |isbn=978-0-7852-7425-4}}
* {{citation |last1=Berlet |first1=Chip |last2=Lyons |first2=Matthew Nemiroff |title=Right-wing populism in America: too close for comfort |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Md1aRhWNk1QC |date=2000 |publisher=Guilford Press |isbn=978-1-57230-562-5}}
* {{citation |last1=Griffin |first1=Roger |last2=Feldman |first2=Matthew |date=2003 |title=Fascism: Critical Concepts in Political Science |publisher=Volume 5, Routledge |isbn=0-415-29020-1}}
* {{citation |last=Michael |first=George |author-link=George Michael (professor) |title=Willis Carto and the American Far Right |publisher=University Press of Florida |isbn=978-0-8130-3198-9 |date=2008}}
* {{citation |last=Pipes |first=Daniel |date=1997 |title=Conspiracy: How the Paranoid Style Flourishes and Where It Comes From |publisher=Free Press |isbn=0-684-83131-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPdv8sAtZ4UC}}
* {{citation |last=Sheppard |first=Barry |title=The Party: The Socialist Workers Party 1960–1988 |isbn=1-876646-50-0 |publisher=Resistance Books |date=2005}}
* {{citation |last=Sims |first=Patsy |date=1996 |title=The Klan |publisher=University Press of Kentucky |isbn=0-8131-0887-X}}
{{refend}}


;News articles
==References==
{{Refbegin|2}} {{refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{citation |last=Bradley |first=Paul |title=An old thorn back in Democrats' side; for the eighth time, Lyndon LaRouche is seeking the presidency |work=Richmond Times |date=February 8, 2004 |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/timesdispatch/access/543226331.html?dids=543226331:543226331&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+08%2C+2004&author=Paul+Bradley%3B+*+Contact+Paul+Bradley+at+%28703%29+548-8758+or+pbradley%40timesdispatch.com&pub=Richmond+Times+-+Dispatch&desc=AN+OLD+THORN+BACK+IN+DEMOCRATS%27+SIDE+%3B+FOR+THE+EIGHTH+TIME%2C+LYNDON+LAROUCHE+IS+SEEKING+THE+PRESIDENCY&pqatl=google}}{{dead link|date=October 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}.
* {{citation |last1=Donner |first1=Frank |last2=Rothenberg |first2=Randall |title=The Strange Odyssey of Lyndon LaRouche |work=The Nation |date=August 16, 1980 |pages=142–147 |url=http://www.thenation.com/archive/strange-odyssey-lyndon-larouche}}.
* {{citation |last=Dorr |first=Robert |title=Activist in Franklin Probe Is LaRouche Running Mate |work=Omaha World—Herald |date=September 20, 1992}}
* {{citation |last=Edds |first=Margaret |title=James S. Gilmore III: Intense, All-Business Attorney General Already Has Stepped From Allen's Shadow |work=The Virginian-Pilot |date=April 2, 1995}}.
* {{citation |last=Frantz |first=Douglas |title=Raid bares LaRouche dark world |work=Chicago Tribune |date=October 12, 1986 |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1986/10/12/raid-bares-larouche-dark-world/}}.
* {{citation |last=Green |first=Stephen |title=A merchant of political hate |work=The San Diego Union |date=January 19, 1985}}.
* {{citation |last=Johnson |first=George |title=A menace or just a crank? |work=The New York Times |date=June 18, 1989 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE5DF123CF93BA25755C0A96F948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=3}}.
* {{citation |last=Lowther |first=William |title=U.S. extremist grows as political force |work=Toronto Star |date=March 30, 1986}}.
* {{citation |last=McNerthney |first=Casey |title=LaRouche supporter threatened for linking Obama to Hitler |work=Seattle Post Intelligencer |date=July 14, 2009 |url=http://blog.seattlepi.com/seattle911/archives/173712.asp}}.
* {{citation |last=Mintz |first=John |title=Ideological Odyssey: From Old Left to Far Right |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=January 14, 1985a |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/main.htm}}.
* {{citation |last=Mintz |first=John |title=Some Officials Find Intelligence Network 'Useful' |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=January 15, 1985b |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou1.htm}}.
* {{citation |last=Montgomery |first=Paul L. |title=How a Radical-Left Group Moved Toward Savagery |work=The New York Times |date=January 20, 1974 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F50E17FB385F107A93C2AB178AD85F408785F9}}.
* {{citation |last=Montgomery |first=Paul L. |title=One Man Leads U.S. Labor Party on His Erratic Path |work=New York Times |date=October 8, 1979 |url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F1061FF93F5C11728DDDA10894D8415B898BF1D3&scp=1&sq=One%20Man%20Leads%20U.S.%20Labor%20Party%20on%20His%20Erratic%20Path&st=cse}}.
* {{citation |last=Perlman |first=Jeffrey A. |title=No Longer Written Off by Political Opponents, LaRouche Elbowing Into Limelight |work=Los Angeles Times |date=May 27, 1984 |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/676757122.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=May+27%2C+1984&author=JEFFREY+A+PERLMAN&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%281923-Current+File%29&edition=&startpage=A16&desc=Politics+%2784|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107184149/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/676757122.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&type=historic&date=May+27%2C+1984&author=JEFFREY+A+PERLMAN&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+%281923-Current+File%29&edition=&startpage=A16&desc=Politics+%2784|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 7, 2012}}.
* {{citation |last=Quinton |first=Robinson |title=Million Man drive dips to hundreds; Gathering backs probe of CIA |work=The Commercial Appeal |date=September 30, 1996}}.
* {{cite news |last1=Roderick |first1=Kevin |title=LaRouche Wrote of Using AIDS to Win Presidency |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-17-mn-5571-story.html |work=Los Angeles Times |date=17 October 1986}}
* {{citation |last=Rosenfeld |first=Stephen |title=NCLC: A Domestic Political Menace |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=September 24, 1976 |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/120029198.html?dids=120029198:120029198&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+24%2C+1976&author=Stephen+S.+Rosenfeld&pub=The+Washington+Post++(1974-Current+file)&edition=&startpage=A15&desc=NCLC%3A+%27A+Domestic+Political+Menace%27|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104132803/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/120029198.html?dids=120029198:120029198&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+24,+1976&author=Stephen+S.+Rosenfeld&pub=The+Washington+Post++(1974-Current+file)&edition=&startpage=A15&desc=NCLC:+'A+Domestic+Political+Menace'|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 4, 2013}}.
* {{citation |last=Schultz |first=Erin |title=Obama's plan blasted as Nazi-like: LaRouche demonstrations across the North Fork question health care policy |work=The Suffolk Times |date=July 23, 2009 |url=http://www2.timesreview.com/ST/Stories/T071609_Obama_ES}}.
* {{citation |last=Shenon |first=Philip |title=LaRouche warns U.S on any move to arrest him |work=The New York Times |date=October 8, 1986 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/08/us/larouche-warns-us-on-any-move-to-arrest-him.html?scp=1&sq=&st=nyt}}.
* {{citation |last=Siano |first=Brian |title=The Skeptical Eye: Big Head's Back |work=The Humanist |date=May 1992 |volume=52 |issue=3}}.
* {{citation |last=Silva |first=Christina |title=Colleges consider stressing danger of pressure groups |work=Boston Globe |date=April 14, 2006}}.
* {{citation |last=St. Petersburg Times |title=LaRouche claims security council behind indictment |date=July 9, 1987}}.
* {{citation |last=Tang |first=Yong |title='I'll get to China sometime': Interview (VIII) |work=People's Daily |date=November 22, 2005 |url=http://english.people.com.cn/200511/22/eng20051122_223153.html}}.
* {{citation |last=Tipton |first=Virgil |title=LaRouchies set sights on Missouri |work=Chicago Tribune |date=March 31, 1986}}.
* {{citation |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=May 1, 2007 |title=Kenneth L.Kronberg: Sterling Businessman |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/30/AR2007043001772_pf.html}}.
* {{citation |last=Tong |first=Betsy |title=Class acts most likely to ... Notable graduates of Boston area high schools |work=Boston Globe |date=June 12, 1994 |url=http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/61972367.html?dids=61972367:61972367&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+12%2C+1994&author=Material+for+this+yearbook+issue+was+compiled+and+researched+by+Betsy+QM+Tong&pub=Boston+Globe+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=CLASS+ACTS+MOST+LIKELY+TO+.+.+.+Notable+graduates+of+Boston+area+high+schools&pqatl=google|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628221653/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/61972367.html?dids=61972367:61972367&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+12,+1994&author=Material+for+this+yearbook+issue+was+compiled+and+researched+by+Betsy+QM+Tong&pub=Boston+Globe+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=CLASS+ACTS+MOST+LIKELY+TO+.+.+.+Notable+graduates+of+Boston+area+high+schools&pqatl=google|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 28, 2011}}.
* {{citation |last=Witt |first=April |title=No Joke |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=October 24, 2004 |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20.html}}.
{{refend}}


;Journal and other papers, records
;General
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
*{{citation|last=Anti-Defamation League|title=The Zayed Center|date=September 15, 2003| accessdate=August 16, 2009|url= http://www.adl.org/anti_semitism/zayed_center.asp }}
* {{citation |last=Bligh |first=Gur |date=2008 |title=Extremism in the Electoral Arena: Challenging the Myth of American Exceptionalism |work=Brigham Young University Law Review |issue=5 |page=1367 |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3736/is_200809/ai_n31426505/?tag=content;col1}}
*{{citation|last=Associated Press|date=Apr 27, 1976|title=Bond Says Ethnic Remark Was Racist|url= }}
* {{citation |last1=Constantini |first1=E. |last2=Nash |first2=M.P. |date=1990 |title=SLAPP/SLAPPback: The Misuse of Libel Law for Political Purposes and a Countersuit Response |journal=Journal of Law & Politics |volume=7 |page=417 ff |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?collection=journals&handle=hein.journals/jlp7&div=21&id=&page=}}
*{{citation|last=Associated Press|date=Feb 24, 1985|title=Judgment is reduced in LaRouche-NBC Case|url= http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9906E7DF1339F937A15751C0A963948260 }}
* {{citation |last=Copulus |first=Milton R. |title=The LaRouche Network |work=Institutional Analysis, No. 28, Heritage Foundation |date=July 19, 1984 |url=http://www.heritage.org/Research/PoliticalPhilosophy/upload/91214_1.pdf |access-date=February 13, 2011 |archive-date=January 19, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060119064440/http://www.heritage.org/Research/PoliticalPhilosophy/upload/91214_1.pdf |url-status=dead }}
*{{citation|last=Associated Press|date=Aug 10, 1986|year=1986a|title=Court Fines LaRouche $2,000 For Not Answering Questions|url= http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DEFDB1E39F933A2575BC0A960948260 }}
* {{citation |last=Horowitz |first=Irving Louis |title=Left-wing fascism: An infantile disorder |work=Society, Vol 18, Number 4 |publisher=Springer New York |date=May 1981 |url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/172k1667567466l2/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130105074203/http://www.springerlink.com/content/172k1667567466l2/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 5, 2013 }}
*{{citation|last=Associated Press|date=Apr 19, 1986|year=1986b|title=LaRouche alleges conspiracy from Moscow to White House|url= }}
* {{citation |last=Lynch |first=Pat |title=Is Lyndon LaRouche using ''your'' name? |work=Columbia Journalism Review |date=March 1985}}
*{{citation|last=Associated Press|date=April 7, 1988|title=LaRouche Lawyers Seek North's Notebooks|work=The New York Times|url=http://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/07/us/larouche-lawyers-seek-north-s-notebooks.html}}
* {{citation |last=Wohlforth |first=Tim |title=A '60s Socialist Takes a Hard Right |work=Public Eye |access-date=September 4, 2009 |url=http://www.publiceye.org/larouche/Wohlforth.html}}
*{{citation|last1=Bakker|first1=Jim|last2=Abraham|first2=Ken|year=1996|title=I was wrong|publisher=T. Nelson|isbn=9780785274254}}
{{refend}}
*{{citation|last=Barry|first=John|title=Making of a Myth|work=Newsweek|date=November 11, 1991|url= http://www.newsweek.com/id/127304/output/print }}
*{{citation|last=Bartley|first=Robert L.|title=Joining LaRouche In the Fever Swamps: The New York Times and The New Yorker go off the deep end|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=June 9, 2003|url= http://www.opinionjournal.com/columnists/rbartley/?id=110003602 }}
*{{citation|last=Berlet|first=Chip|last2=Bellman|first2=Joel|title=Fascism Wrapped in an American Flag|work=Public Eye|date=October 10, 1989, accessed October 6, 2008|year=1989|url= http://www.publiceye.org/larouche/nclc1.html }}
*{{citation|last=Blamires|first=Cyprian|year=2006|title=Lyndon LaRouche|work=World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn= 1576079406}}
*{{citation|last=Blum|first=Howard|title=U.S. Labor Party: Cult Surrounded by Controversy|work=New York Times|date=October 7, 1979|url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70816FA3F5C11728DDDAE0894D8415B898BF1D3&scp=1&sq=%22U.S.%20Labor%20Party:%20Cult%20Surrounded%20by%20Controversy&st=cse }}
*{{citation|last=Bradley|first=Paul|title=An old thorn back in Democrat's side; for the eighth time, Lyndon LaRouche is seeking the presidency|work=Richmond Times|date=February 8, 2004|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Brubaker|first=Bill|title=Incest Verdict Is Bittersweet For Daughter Of Minister|work=The Washington Post|date=April 12, 2008|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com.nyud.net/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/11/AR2008041102574_pf.html }}
*{{citation|last=Caizzi|first=Ivo|title=The Guru who forecast the crash of speculative finance—LaRouche's Prophecy|work=Corriere della Sera|date=December 18, 2008|url= http://archiviostorico.corriere.it/2008/dicembre/18/profezia_LaRouche_tornare_cambi_fissi_co_9_081218012.shtml }}
*{{citation|last=Clark|first=John|last2=Weibel|first2=Mike|title=Frankhouser 'broken' by arrest in LaRouche probe|work=The Morning Call, Allentown, Pa|date=January 18, 1987|url= }}
*{{citation|last=CNN|title=Barney Frank goes toe to toe at health care town hall|work=CNN|date=August 19, 2009; video|url= http://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/08/18/frank.heath.care/index.html }}
*{{citation|last=Cohen|first=David|title=Drop-Outs Ask Students to Join LaRouche Cause|work=The Daily Californian|date=February 11, 2004|url= http://www.dailycal.org/article/14111/drop-outs_ask_students_to_join_larouche_cause }}
*{{citation|last=Constantini|first=E.|last2=Nash|first2=M.P.|year=1990|title=SLAPPback: The Misuse of Libel Law for Political Purposes and a Countersuit|work=Journal of Law & Politics|page= 417 ff|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Copulus|first=Milton R.|title=The LaRouche Network|work=Institutional Analysis, #28, Heritage Foundation|date=July 19, 1984|url= http://www.heritage.org/Research/PoliticalPhilosophy/upload/91214_1.pdf }}
*{{citation|last=Davidson|first=Osha Gray|year=1990|title=Broken heartland: The Rise of America's Rural Ghetto.|publisher=Free Press|isbn= 0029070554|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Degen|first=Wolfgang|title=Nur die Legende hat ein langes Leben|work=Wiesbadener Kurier|date=April 19, 2007|url= http://www.main-rheiner.de/region/objekt.php3?artikel_id=2793524 }}
*{{citation|last=Donner|first=Frank|last2=Rothenberg|first2=Randall|title=The Strange Odyssey of Lyndon LaRouche|work=The Nation|date=August 16–23, 1980|pages= 142–147|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Dorr|first=Robert|title=Activist in Franklin Probe Is LaRouche Running Mate|work=Omaha World—Herald|date=September 20, 1992|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Edds|first=Margaret|title=James S. Gilmore III: Intense, All-Business Attorney General Already Has Stepped From Allen's Shadow|work=The Virginian-Pilot|date=April 2, 1995|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Eichel|first=Larry|title=LaRouche speaks his mind|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|date=April 10, 1986|page= A18|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Emerson|first=Steven|title=No October Surprise|work=American Journalism Review|date=March 1993|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Estill|first=Robert|title='Forgotten majority' cited by LaRouche|work=The San Diego Union|date=April 10, 1986|page= A2|url= }}
*{{citation|title=Executive Branch Personnel Public Financial Disclosure Report |date=May 2, 2003|url= http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/pfd2002/N00002047_2002.pdf }}
*{{citation|last=Fraser|first=Clara|year=1998|title=Revolution, She Wrote|publisher=Red Letter Press, 1998|isbn= 0932323049|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Goodstein|first=Laurie|title=Nation of Islam Official Assails Jewish Group; ADL Accused of Conspiring Against Blacks|work=The Washington Post|date=September 2, 1994|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Hearst|first=Ernest|first2=Chip|last2=Berlet|first3=Jack|last3=Porter|year=2007|title=Neo-Nazism|editor1-last= Berenbaum|editor1-first=Michael|editor2-last=Skolnik|editor2-first=Fred|title= Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd ed.|volume=15|publisher= Macmillan|location=Detroit|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Hentoff|first=Nat|title=Of Thugs and Liars|work=The Village Voice|date=January 24, 1974|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Horowitz|first=Irving Louis|title=Left-wing fascism: An infantile disorder|work=Society, Vol 18, Number 4|work=Springer New York|date=May 1981|url= http://www.springerlink.com/content/172k1667567466l2/ }}
*{{citation|last=Houston Paul|title=In Spotlight After Illinois Victories LaRouche: Cult Figure or Serious Political Leader?|work=Los Angeles Times|date=April 29, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Hunt|first=Linda|year=1991|title=Secret Agenda: The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945 to 1990|publisher=St. Martin's Press|url= }}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Search/PRF/individual_record.asp?recid=940345623 |title=Individual Record: Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche |publisher=www.familysearch.org |accessdate=2009-11-18 }}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Search/PRF/individual_record.asp?recid=940345622&lds=2&region=-1&regionfriendly=&frompage=99 |title=Individual Record: Jessie Lenore Weir |publisher=www.familysearch.org |accessdate=2009-11-18 }}
*{{citation|last=Gilbert|first=Helen|year=2003|title=Lyndon LaRouche: Fascism restyled for the new millennium|publisher=Red Letter Press, 2003|isbn= 9780932323217|url= }}
*{{Citation | last = George | first = John | last2 = Wilcox | first2 = Laird M. | title = American extremists : militias, supremacists, klansmen, communists other | year = 1996 | publisher = Prometheus Books | place = Amherst, N.Y. | isbn = 978-1-57392-058-2 | pages = }}
*{{citation|last=Green|first=Stephen|title=A merchant of political hate|work=The San Diego Union|date=January 19, 1985|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Griffin|first=Roger|last2=Feldman|first2=Matthew|year=2004|title=Fascism: Post-war fascisms|publisher=Volume 5, Taylor & Francis|isbn= 0415290201|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Jacobs|first=Harold|year=1971|title=Weatherman|publisher=Ramparts Press|isbn= 671207253|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Johnson|first=George|year=1983|title=Architects of fear : conspiracy theories and paranoia in American politics|publisher=J.P|publisher=Tarcher|isbn= 0874772753|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Johnson|first=George|title=A Menace or just a crank?|work=The New York Times|date=June 18, 1989|url= http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE5DF123CF93BA25755C0A96F948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=3 }}
*{{citation|last=Kenney|first=Charles|title=Fringe Candidate or a Threat? The Lyndon LaRouche Campaign|work=Boston Globe|date=February 17, 1980|page= 1|url= }}
*{{citation|last=King|first=Dennis|year=1989|title=Lyndon LaRouche and the new American fascism|work=Doubleday|isbn= 9780385238809|url= }}
*{{citation|last=King|first=Dennis|last2=Lynch|first2=Patricia|title=The Empire of Lyndon LaRouche|work=Wall Street Journal|date=May 27, 1986|page= 1|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Knight|first=Peter|year=2003|title=Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn= 1576078124|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Klein|first=Avi|title=Publish and Perish: The Mysterious Death of Lyndon LaRouche's Printer|work= Washington Monthly|date=November 2007|url= http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2007/0711.klein.html}}
*{{citation|title=LaRouche Calls Critics Insane, Wants Regan Put in Jail|work=Los Angeles Times|date=Apr 10, 1986|page=6}}
*{{citation|last=Laver|first=Ross|title=Nuclear group raises funds for right-wing party in U.S.|work=The Globe and Mail|date=January 2, 1980|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Lerman|first=Antony|year=1988|chapter=Le Pen and LaRouche: Political Extremism in Democratic Societies|editor-last=Frankel|editor-first=William|title=Survey of Jewish Affairs 1987|publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson University Press|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Los Angeles Times|date=Jan 27, 1989|title=LaRouche Gets 15 Years for Cheating His Backers, IRS 6 Aides Also Get Prison Terms, Fines|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Lowther|first=William|title=U.S. extremist grows as political force|work=Toronto Star|date=March 30, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Markus|first=Andrew|year=2001|title=Race: John Howard and the Remaking of Australia|publisher=Allen & Unwin, 2001|isbn= 1864488662|url= }}
*{{citation|last=McLaughlin|first=Neil|title=LaRouche sees world conspiracy to kill him|work=Associated Press|date=April 10, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=McNerthney|first=Casey|title=LaRouche supporter threatened for linking Obama to Hitler|work=Seattle Post Intelligencer|date=July 14, 2009|url= http://blog.seattlepi.com/seattle911/archives/173712.asp }}
*{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|title=Some Officials Find Intelligence Network 'Useful'|work=The Washington Post|date=January 15, 1985|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/cult/larouche/larou1.htm }}
*{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Jan 31, 1987|year=1987a|title=Prosecutor Moves to Disarm LaRouche Guards; Lawyer for Security Men Tells Judge They Would Not Resist Law Enforcement Officers|work=The Washington Post|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73794135.html?dids=73794135:73794135&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Jan+31%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltex }}
*{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=May 17, 1987|year=1987b|title=LaRouche Filings: Plots, Spies; Judges Tomorrow to Sift Myriad Motions Filed by Corps of Lawyers|work=The Washington Post|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73821110.html?dids=73821110:73821110&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=May+17%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.16&desc=LaRouche+Filings%3A+Plots%2C+Spies%3B+Judges+Tomorrow+to+Sift+Myriad+Motions+Filed+by+Corps+of+Lawyers }}
*{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Sep 22, 1987|year=1987c|title=Jury Selection Begins in LaRouche Fraud Case; Lawyers Say Trial, Which Could Last 3 Months, Promises to Be One of the Strangest|work=The Washington Post|date=September 22, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73846336.html?dids=73846336:73846336&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Sep+22%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.14&desc=Jury+Selection+Begins+in+LaRouche+Fraud+Case%3B+Lawyers+Say+Trial%2C+Which+Could+Last+3+Months%2C+Promises+to+Be+One+of+the+Strangest }}
*{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Oct 20, 1987|year=1987d|title=Trial of LaRouche and 7 Aides May Be Delayed; Case of One Defendant May Be Severed, Heard First in Boston Federal Court|work=The Washington Post|date=October 20, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73851733.html?dids=73851733:73851733&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+20%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.06&desc=Trial+of+LaRouche+and+7+Aides+May+Be+Delayed%3B+Case+of+One+Defendant+May+Be+Severed%2C+Heard+First+in+Boston+Federal+Court }}
*{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Oct 21, 1987|year=1987e|title=Judge Delays Trials of LaRouche, Six Associates; Case of Former Ku Klux Klan Leader Frankhouser Is Severed and Will Be Tried First|work=The Washington Post|date=October 21, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73851916.html?dids=73851916:73851916&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Oct+21%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.10&desc=Judge+Delays+Trials+of+LaRouche%2C+Six+Associates%3B+Case+of+Former+Ku+Klux+Klan+Leader+Frankhouser+Is+Severed+and+Will+Be+Tried+First }}
*{{citation|last=Mintz|first=John|date=Dec 18, 1987|year=1987f|title=Defense Calls LaRouche, Followers 'Most Annoying'; Trial Begins for Leesburg Group Accused of Obstructing Probe Into Its Fund-Raising|work=The Washington Post|date=December 18, 1987|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73863058.html?dids=73863058:73863058&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Dec+18%2C+1987&author=John+Mintz&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=a.18&desc=Defense+Calls+LaRouche%2C+Followers+%60Most+Annoying%27%3B+Trial+Begins+for+Leesburg+Group+Accused+of+Obstructing+Probe+Into+Its+Fund-Raising }}
*{{citation|last=Montgomery|first=Paul L.|title=How a Radical-Left Group Moved Toward Savagery|work=The New York Times|date=January 20, 1974|url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50E17FB385F107A93C2AB178AD85F408785F9&scp=1&sq=How%20a%20Radical-Left%20Group%20Moved%20Toward%20Savagery&st=cse }}
*{{citation|last=Montgomery|first=Paul L.|title=One Man Leads U.S. Labor Party on His Erratic Path|work=New York Times|date=October 8, 1979|url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F1061FF93F5C11728DDDA10894D8415B898BF1D3&scp=1&sq=One%20Man%20Leads%20U.S.%20Labor%20Party%20on%20His%20Erratic%20Path&st=cse }}
*{{citation|title=INSIDE POLITICS; Felons Make Lineup for State's Presidential Primary|first=Patt |last=Morrison|work=Los Angeles Times|date=Jan 5, 2004|page=B.2}}
*{{citation|last=Oliver|first=Sarah|title=Did a sinister cult of German Nazis drive this brilliant British student to his death?|work=Mail on Sunday |date= November 9, 2003|url= http://www.bookrags.com/highbeam/did-a-sinister-cult-of-german-nazis-20031109-hb/ }}
*{{citation|last=Overley|first=Jeff|date=August 23, 2009|title=LaRouche activists press message; Demonstrators battle health care overhaul by likening ideas to Hitler's policies|work=Orange County Register|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Perlman|first=Jeffrey A.|title=LaRouche Elbowing Into Limelight|work=Los Angeles Times|date=May 27, 1984|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Pipes|first=Daniel|year=2003|chapter=October Surprise|editor1-last=Knight|editor2-first=Peter|title= Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2|publisher= ABC-Clio|pages= 547–50|url= http://www.danielpipes.org/1654/the-october-surprise-theory }}
*{{citation|last=Pipes|first=Daniel|year=1997|title=Conspiracy: How the Paranoid Style Flourishes and Where It Comes From|publisher=Free Press|isbn= 0684831317|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Quinton|first=Robinson|title=Million Man drive dips to hundreds; Gathering backs probe of CIA|work=The Commercial Appeal|date=September 30, 1996|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Ray|first=Linda|title=Breaking the Silence: An Ex-LaRouche Follower Tells Her Story|work=In These Times|date=October 29, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Rausch|first=John David|year=2003|chapter=Executive Intelligence Review|editor-last=Knight|editor-first=Peter|title=Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page= 245|url= http://books.google.com/books?id=qMIDrggs8TsC}}
*{{citation|last=Reardon|first=Patrick|last2=Greenbaum|first2=Kurt|title=Larouche element is an extreme case|work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 20, 1986|url= }}
*{{Citation| title=The right response/LaRouche links Regan to drug money, but has praise for White|work=Houston Chronicle|date=Apr 10, 1986}}
*{{Citation| page = 4| title = Rightist LaRouche started out as a a Marxist| date=March 20, 1986| work = Chicago Sun - Times}}
*{{citation|last=Ritchie|first=Murray|title=SNP leadership outsider challenged over 'support' for US extremist|work=The Herald|date=September 6, 2009|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Roderick|first=Kevin|date=1986a|title=Authorities See Pattern of Threats, Plots Dark Side of LaRouche Empire Surfaces|work=Los Angeles Times|date=October 14, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Roderick|first=Kevin|date=1986b|title=LaRouche Wrote of Using AIDS to Win Presidency|work=Los Angeles Times|date=October 17, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Rose|first=David|year=2004|title=Defectors tricked us with WMD lies, but we must not be fooled again|work=The Observer|date=January 4, 2009|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Rose|first=Gregory F.|title=The Swarmy Life and Times of the NCLC|work=National Review|date=March 30, 1979|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Rosenfeld|first=Stephen|title=NCLC: A Domestic Political Menace|work=The Washington Post|date=September 24, 1976|url= http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/120029198.html?dids=120029198:120029198&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:AI&date=Sep+24%2C+1976&author=Stephen+S.+Rosenfeld&pub=The+Washington+Post++(1974-Current+file)&edition=&startpage=A15&desc=NCLC%3A+%27A+Domestic+Political+Menace%27 }}
*{{citation|last=Schob|first=David E.|title=The Strange Ascent of Lyndon LaRouche, a native American fascist|work=Houston Chronicle|date=April 30, 1989|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Schultz|first=Erin|title=Obama's plan blasted as Nazi-like: LaRouche demonstrations across the North Fork question health care policy|work=The Suffolk Times|date=July 23, 2009|url= http://www2.timesreview.com/ST/Stories/T071609_Obama_ES }}
*{{citation|last=Seife|first=Charles|year=2008|title=Sun in a bottle|publisher=Penguin Group|isbn= 0670020338|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Shenon|first=Philip|title=LaRouche warns U.S|publisher=to any move to arrest him|work=The New York Times|date=October 8, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Siano|first=Brian|title=The Skeptical Eye: Big Head's Back|work=The Humanist|date=May 1992|volume=52|issue=3|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Silva|first=Christina|title=Colleges consider stressing danger of pressure groups|work=Boston Globe|date=April 14, 2006|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Sims|first=Patsy|year=1996|title=The Klan|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|isbn= 081310887X|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Tang|first=Yong|title=Global financial crisis is coming; Collapse of the Soviet Union forecasted; American auto industry is going bankruptcy; Wall Street should be put into an insane asylum; If you're a soldier, you don't cry; Walking in a Jungle, You Become Familiar with the Animals; They will create incidents in order to create dictatorship; I'll get to China sometime|work=People's Daily|date=November 22, 2005|url= http://english.people.com.cn/200511/22/eng20051122_223146.html }}
*{{citation|last=Tipton|first=Virgil|title=LaRouchies set sights on Missouri|work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 31, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|work=The Washington Post|date=May 1, 2007|title=Kenneth L.Kronberg |title=Sterling Businessman|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/30/AR2007043001772_pf.html }}
*{{citation|last=Tong|first=Betsy|title=Class acts most likely to ... Notable graduates of Boston area high schools|work=Boston Globe|date=June 12, 1994|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Toner|first=Robin|title=LaRouche Savors Fame That May Ruin Him|work=The New York Times|date=April 4, 1986|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/04/us/larouche-savors-fame-that-may-ruin-him.html?scp=1&sq=LaRouche%20Savors%20Fame%20That%20May%20Ruin%20Him&st=cse }}
*{{citation|last=Tourish|first=Dennis|last2=Wohlforth|first2=Tim|year=2000|title=On the Edge|publisher=M.E|publisher=Sharpe|isbn= 0765606399|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Wagoner|first=Jane|date=August 25, 2009|title=After suicide, Leesburg widow sues LaRouche|work=Loudoun Times-Mirror|url= http://www.loudountimes.com/news/2009/aug/25/after-suicide-leesburg-widow-sues-larouche }}
*{{citation|last=Weir|first=David|first2= Noyes|last2=Dan|year=1983|title=Raising Hell: How the Center for Investigative Reporting Gets the Story|work=Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc|isbn= 0201108593|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Witt|date=April|year=2004|title=No Joke|work=The Washington Post|date=October 24, 2004|url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A46883-2004Oct20.html }}
*{{citation|last=Van Deerlin|first=Lionel|title=Kooks right out of the Twilight Zone|work=Chicago Tribune|date=March 24, 1986|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Wald|first=Matthew|title=LaRouche Taken In By Aide, Trial Told|work=The New York Times|date=December 10, 1987|url= http://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/10/us/larouche-taken-in-by-aide-trial-told.html }}
*{{citation|last=Wohlforth|first=Tim|title=A '60's Socialist Takes a Hard Right|work=Public Eye|note= undated|accessdate=September 4, 2009|url= http://www.publiceye.org/larouche/Wohlforth.html }}


;LaRouche publications ;LaRouche publications
{{refbegin|indent=yes}}
*{{citation|last=Boynton Robinson|first=Amelia|title=Statement in Honor of Martin Luther King Jr.|work=LaRouche PAC website|date=January 18, 2008|url= }}
*{{citation|last=Clark|first=Ramsey|date=April 26, 1995|title= Open letter to Janet Reno|publisher=Schiller Institute, |accessdate=October 27, 2009|url= http://www.schillerinstitute.org/exon/ramseyclark_ltr_95.html }} * {{citation |last=LaRouche |first=Lyndon |date=1979 |title=The Power of Reason: A Kind of Autobiography |publisher=New Benjamin Franklin House |isbn=978-0-933488-01-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/ThePowerOfReason1988AnAutobiography}}
* {{citation |last=LaRouche |first=Lyndon |date=1987 |title=The Power of Reason: An Autobiography |publisher=Executive Intelligence Review |isbn=978-0-943235-00-4}}
*{{citation|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=undated a|title=Have the Mass Media Brainwashed your Neighbor about Lyndon LaRouche?|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon_toc.html }}
* {{citation |last=LaRouche |first=Lyndon |title=How The Workers League Decayed |work=NCLC internal document |date=June 27, 1970}}
*{{citation|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=undated b|title=Summary of Relevant Evidence on the Record Demonstrating the Innocence of Lyndon LaRouche And Co-Defendents|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon2.html }}
* {{citation |last=LaRouche Political Action Committee |title=The Woman on Mars |date=1988 |url=http://larouchepac.com/node/7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102032055/http://larouchepac.com/node/7 |archive-date=January 2, 2010}}
*{{citation|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=Feb 27, 2004|title=Support LaRouche for President|work=accessed September 6, 2009|url= http://larouchepub.com/other/2004/site_packages/jlp_death/3108jlp_larouche.html }}
*{{citation|last=Freeman|first=Debra Hanania|title=The War Plan for November: LaRouche's Leadership in the Democratic Party|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=September 24, 2004|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/other/2004/3137war_plan_Novemberhtml }}
*{{citation|last=Gallagher Paul|title=SDI and the Jailing Of Lyndon LaRouche|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=March 12, 2004|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/other/2004/3110sdi_timeline.html }}
*{{citation|last=Gallagher|first=Paul|date=April 4, 2004|title=Bush's Assault on Social Security|work=LaRouche Political Action Committee|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/writings_files/2004/041228_ss_04.htm }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=How The Workers League Decayed|work=NCLC internal document|date=June 27, 1970|url= }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|date=1973a|title=The Case of Ludwig Feuerbach|work=The Campaigner|date=December 1973|url= }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|date=1973b|title=Beyond Psychoanalysis|work=The Campaigner|date=September/October 1973|url= }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=The Conceptual History of the Labor Committees|work=The Campaigner|date=October 1974|url= }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|year=1979|title=The Power of Reason: A Kind of Autobiography|publisher=New Benjamin Franklin House|isbn= 9780933488014|url= }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=The End of the Age of Aquarius?|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=January 10, 1986|page= 40|url= }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|year=1987|title=The Power of Reason: An Autobiography|publisher=Executive Intelligence Review|isbn= 9780943235004|url= }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=The Tale of the Hippopotamus|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=February 9, 1998|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/lar/1998/lhl_hippo_tale.html }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=A Scientifically Illiterate Hoax|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=June 4, 1999|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/lar/1999/lar_cox_report_2623.html }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche, Lyndon|title='He's a Bad Guy, But We Can't Say Why'|work=Executive Intelligience Review|date=March 10, 2000, accessed August 25, 2009|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/lar/2000/lar_bad_guy_2710.html }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|year=2002|title=The Middle East As A Strategic Crossroad|first=Schiller Institute website|date=June 2, 2002|url= http://www.schillerinstitute.org/lar_related/2002/lar_abu-dhabi.html }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=What caused the collapse of the Soviet Union?, Answers From LaRouche, National Cadre School|date=February 1, 2003|url= http://web.archive.org/web/20031011204719/larouchein2004.net/pages/questions/youth/030201penn004.htm }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche|first=Lyndon|title=Cheney Behind Press Campaign, Duggan Hoax Rewarmed Again|publisher=LaRouche political action committee|date=November 8, 2006|url=http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/press_releases_files/2006/1109_duggan.html|accessdate=November 17, 2009}}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=Aug 26, 2004|title=Interview with Bob Dobbs of Pacifica-KPFK|url= http://publisher.larouchepac.com/pages/interviews_files/2004/040826_lhl_bobdobbs.htm }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=April 25, 2007|title=Bering Strait Conference in Moscow Hears From LaRouche and Gov|publisher=Hickel On War Avoidance Through Economic Development|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/breaking_news/2007/04/24/conference_moscow.shtml }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=May 5, 2007|title=Russian Academy of Sciences Celebrates 80th Birthday of Prof|publisher=Stanislav Menshikov; LaRouche Is Featured Guest|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/pages/breaking_news/2007/05/17/menshikov_birthday.shtml }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|year=1988|title=The Woman on Mars|url= http://larouchepac.com/node/7 }}
*{{citation|last=LaRouche Political Action Committee|date=July 22, 2009|title=LaRouche: "With This Statement From Him, The President Now Deserves Impeachment|url= http://www.larouchepac.com/node/11111 }}
*{{citation|date=April 16, 1973|title=Operation Mop-Up: The Class Struggle Is for Keeps|work=New Solidarity}}
*{{citation|date=April 9, 1973|title=Death of the CPUSA|work=New Solidarity}}
*{{citation| title = III. Political Prisoners in Virginia: It's Time for Truth-In-Justice in Virginia| work = Executive Intelligence Review| accessdate = 2009-11-18| url = http://web.archive.org/web/20071114022738/http://www.larouchepub.com/exon/exon_add4_virginia.html}}
*{{citation|last=Scherer|first=Paul Albert, General, (ret.)|title=Press conference, National Press Club, Washington, D.C.|date=May 6, 1992|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/tv/tlc_programs_1991-1995.html|publisher=LaRouche Political Action Committee}}
*{{citation|publisher=Schiller Institute|date=undated|title=Campaigns for Public Office|url= http://www.schillerinstitute.org/biographys/meet_larouche.html#campaigns }}
*{{citation|last=Steinberg|first=Jeffrey and Steinberg|first=Michelle|year=2004|title=LaRouche Will Lead Democrats to November Landslide Win|work=Executive Intelligence Review|date=August 13, 2004|url= http://www.larouchepub.com/other/2004/3132lar_victory_plan.html }}
{{refend}} {{refend}}


==Further reading== ==Further reading==
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}
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* {{citation|last=Davidson|first=Osha Gray|year=1990|title=Broken heartland: The Rise of America's Rural Ghetto|publisher=Free Press|isbn= 978-0029070550}}
| PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. WIKIPEDIA |
* {{citation|last=Hunt|first=Linda|orig-year= 1975|year=1991|title=Secret Agenda: The United States Government, Nazi Scientists, and Project Paperclip, 1945 to 1990|publisher=St. Martin's Press}}
| IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS NOR SHOULD IT BE USED FOR ADVERTISING. |
* {{citation|last=Jacobs|first=Harold|year=1971|title=Weatherman|publisher=Ramparts Press|isbn=978-0671207250|url=https://archive.org/details/weatherman00jaco}}
| |
* {{citation|last=Johnson|first=Donald Bruce|year=1978|title=National Party Platforms: 1960–1976|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn= 978-0252006883}}
| Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. |
* {{citation|last=Markus|first=Andrew|year=2001|title=Race: John Howard and the Remaking of Australia|publisher=Allen & Unwin|isbn=978-1864488661|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UA0-5v3JN0QC|access-date=June 17, 2015|archive-date=August 9, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809095219/http://books.google.com/books?id=UA0-5v3JN0QC&printsec=frontcover|url-status=live}}
| See ] & ] for details. |
* {{citation|last=Pipes|first=Daniel|year=2003|chapter=October Surprise|editor1-last=Knight|editor1-first=Peter|title=Conspiracy Theories in American History: An Encyclopedia, Volume 2|publisher=ABC-Clio|pages=547–50|chapter-url=http://www.danielpipes.org/1654/the-october-surprise-theory|access-date=September 11, 2009|archive-date=July 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090701050931/http://www.danielpipes.org/1654/the-october-surprise-theory|url-status=live}}
| |
* {{citation|last=Seife|first=Charles|year=2008|title=Sun in a Bottle: The Strange History of Fusion and the Science of Wishful Thinking|publisher=Penguin Group|isbn= 978-0670020331}}
| If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or |
* {{citation|last1=Weir|first1=David|first2=Noyes|last2=Dan|year=1983|title=Raising Hell: How the Center for Investigative Reporting Gets the Story|publisher=Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc|isbn=978-0201108590|url=https://archive.org/details/raisinghellhowce00weir}}
| replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link |
{{Refend}}
| to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) |

| and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. |
==External links==
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{{Sister project links|d=Q550629|c=Category:Lyndon LaRouche|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}}
{{refbegin|2}}
*
*
*
*
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*
| PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. WIKIPEDIA |
*
| IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS NOR SHOULD IT BE USED FOR ADVERTISING. |
*
| |
* by Nizkor Project
| Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. |
* {{PDFlink||576&nbsp;KB}}
| See ] & ] for details. |
*Beyes-Corleis, Aglaja (1994). ''Verirrt: Mein Leben in einer radikalen Politorganisation''. Herder/Spektrum. ISBN 3-451-04278-9
| |
*Bellant, Russ; Berlet, Chip; and King, Dennis (1981). , ''Public Eye'', December 16, 1981.
| If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or |
*Berlet, Chip (2004). , ''New Internationalist'', October 2004.
| replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link |
*Berlet, Chip and Lyons, Matthew (2000). ''Right-wing populism in America: too close for comfort'', The Guilford Press.
| to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) |
*King, Dennis and Radosh, Ronald (1984). "The LaRouche Connection," ''The New Republic'', November 19, 1984, p.&nbsp;15.
| and link back to that category using the {{Curlie}} template. |
*King, Dennis (1982). "LaRouche: A Dictatorial Mind at Work", ''New America'', April-May 1982.
=======================({{No More Links}})============================= -->
*Kirby, Terry. , ''The Independent'', July 21, 2004.
* {{C-SPAN|1008872}}
*LaRouche, Lyndon. , 1976&ndash;2008, ''YouTube'', accessed September 7, 2009.

* Mintz, John. includes a 1995 series on LaRouche by Mintz and links to other ''Washington Post'' articles on LaRouche.
{{LaRouche movement|state=expanded}}
*Political Research Associates. , accessed September 6, 2009.
{{1976 United States presidential election}}
*Robins, Robert S. and Post, Jerrold M. (1997). ''Political Paranoia: The Psychopolitics of Hatred''. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07027-6
{{1980 United States presidential election}}
*Schiller Institute. .
{{1984 United States presidential election}}
{{refend}}
{{1988 United States presidential election}}
{{LaRouche movement|state=uncollapsed}}
{{1992 United States presidential election}}
{{1996 United States presidential election}}
{{2000 United States presidential election}}
{{2004 United States presidential election}}
{{Portal bar|Politics|United States}}
{{Authority control}}


<!-- Metadata: see ] -->
{{Persondata
|NAME=LaRouche, Lyndon Hermyle, Jr.
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=American political activist
|DATE OF BIRTH=September 8, 1922
|PLACE OF BIRTH=]
|DATE OF DEATH=
|PLACE OF DEATH=
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Larouche, Lyndon}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Larouche, Lyndon}}
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Latest revision as of 13:05, 24 December 2024

American political activist (1922–2019)

Lyndon LaRouche
LaRouche, circa 1988
BornLyndon Hermyle LaRouche Jr.
(1922-09-08)September 8, 1922
Rochester, New Hampshire, U.S.
DiedFebruary 12, 2019(2019-02-12) (aged 96)
Other namesLyn Marcus
EducationNortheastern University (no degree)
OrganizationNational Caucus of Labor Committees
Political party
MovementLaRouche movement
Spouses
  • Janice Neuberger ​ ​(m. 1954; div. 1963)
  • Helga Zepp ​(m. 1977)
Signature
Leader of the U.S. Labor Party
In office
1973–1979
Preceded byParty established
Succeeded byParty dissolved

Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche Jr. (September 8, 1922 – February 12, 2019) was an American political activist who founded the LaRouche movement and its main organization, the National Caucus of Labor Committees (NCLC). He was a prominent conspiracy theorist and perennial presidential candidate. He began in far-left politics in the 1940s and later supported the civil rights movement; however, in the 1970s, he moved to the far-right. His movement is sometimes described as, or likened to, a cult. Convicted of fraud, he served five years in prison from 1989 to 1994.

Born in Rochester, New Hampshire, LaRouche was drawn to socialist and Marxist movements in his twenties during World War II. In the 1950s, while a Trotskyist, he was also a management consultant in New York City. By the 1960s, he became engaged in increasingly smaller and more radical splinter groups. During the 1970s, he created the foundation of the LaRouche movement and became more engaged in conspiratorial beliefs and violent and illegal activities. Instead of the radical left, he embraced radical right politics and antisemitism. At various times, he alleged that he had been targeted for assassination by Queen Elizabeth II, Zionist mobsters, his own associates (who he said had been drugged and brainwashed by CIA and British spies), in addition to others.

It is estimated that the LaRouche movement never exceeded a few thousand members, but it had an outsize political influence, raising more than $200 million by one estimate, and running candidates in more than 4,000 elections in the 1980s. It was noted for disguising its candidates as conservative Democrats and harassing opponents. It reached its height in electoral success when Larouchite candidates won the Democratic primaries for the 1986 Illinois gubernatorial election and related state offices; this alarmed Democratic Party officials, whose national spokesman called the Larouchites "kook fringe". The defeated mainstream Democratic candidates ran in the general election as members of the Illinois Solidarity Party; the Larouchite Democrats all finished a distant third. Later in the 1980s, as part of the LaRouche criminal trials, criminal investigations led to convictions of several LaRouche movement members, including LaRouche himself. He was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment but served only five.

LaRouche was a perennial candidate for President of the United States. He ran in every election from 1976 to 2004 as a candidate of third parties established by members of his movement, peaking at around 78,000 votes in the 1984 United States presidential election. He also tried to gain the Democratic presidential nomination. In the 1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries, he received 5% of the total nationwide vote. In 2000, he received enough primary votes to qualify for delegates in some states, but the Democratic National Committee refused to seat his delegates and barred LaRouche from attending the Democratic National Convention.

Early life

LaRouche was born in Rochester, New Hampshire, the oldest of three children of Jessie Lenore (née Weir) and Lyndon H. LaRouche Sr. His paternal grandfather's family emigrated to the United States from Rimouski, Quebec, whereas his maternal grandfather was born in Scotland. His father worked for the United Shoe Machinery Corporation in Rochester before the family moved to Lynn, Massachusetts.

His parents became Quakers after his father converted from Catholicism. They forbade him from fighting with other children, even in self-defense, which he said led to "years of hell" from bullies at school. As a result, he spent much of his time alone, taking long walks through the woods and identifying in his mind with great philosophers. He wrote that, between the ages of 12 and 14, he read philosophy extensively, embracing the ideas of Leibniz and rejecting those of Hume, Bacon, Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, Rousseau, and Kant. He graduated from Lynn English High School in 1940. In the same year, the Lynn Quakers expelled his father from the group, for reportedly accusing other Quakers of misusing funds, while writing under the pen name Hezekiah Micajah Jones. LaRouche and his mother resigned in sympathy for his father.

University studies, Marxism, marriage

LaRouche attended Northeastern University in Boston and left in 1942. He later wrote that his teachers "lacked the competence to teach me on conditions I was willing to tolerate". As a Quaker, he was a conscientious objector during World War II and joined a Civilian Public Service camp in lieu of military service. In 1944, he decided to enlist in the United States Army and served with the Medical Corps in India and Burma during the Burma campaign. At the end of the war, LaRouche was working as a clerk in the Ordnance Corps, and later described his decision to enlist as of the most important decision of his life. In his 1988 autobiography, LaRouche claimed that being asked to express his views on the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt to a group of fellow G.I.s led him to define his "principal lifelong political commitment, that the United States should take postwar world leadership in establishing a world order dedicated to promoting the economic development of what we call today "developing nations".

LaRouche wrote that he discussed Marxism in the CO camp, and while traveling home on the SS General Bradley in 1946, he met Don Merrill, a fellow soldier, also from Lynn, who converted him to Trotskyism. Back in the U.S., he resumed his education at Northeastern University but dropped out. He returned to Lynn in 1948 and the next year joined the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) to recruit at the GE River Works there, adopting the name "Lyn Marcus" for his political work. He arrived in New York City in 1953, where he worked as a management consultant. In 1954 he married Janice Neuberger, a member of the SWP. Their son, Daniel, was born in 1956.

Career

1960s

Teaching and the National Caucus of Labor Committees

Further information: National Caucus of Labor Committees

Twenty to thirty students would ... sit on the floor surrounding LaRouche, who now sported a very shaggy beard ... LaRouche gave them esoteric assignments, such as searching through the writings of Georges Sorel to discover Rudd's anarchistic origins, or studying Rosa Luxemburg's The Accumulation of Capital.

Tim Wohlforth

By 1961, the LaRouches were living on Central Park West in Manhattan, and LaRouche's activities were mostly focused on his career and not on the SWP. He and his wife separated in 1963, and he moved into a Greenwich Village apartment with another SWP member, Carol Schnitzer, also known as Larrabee. In 1964 he began an association with an SWP faction called the Revolutionary Tendency, a faction later expelled from the SWP, and came under the influence of British Trotskyist leader Gerry Healy.

For six months, LaRouche worked with American Healyite leader Tim Wohlforth, who later wrote that LaRouche had a "gargantuan ego" and "a marvelous ability to place any world happening in a larger context, which seemed to give the event additional meaning, but his thinking was schematic, lacking factual detail and depth." Leaving Wohlforth's group, LaRouche briefly joined the rival Spartacist League before announcing his intention to build a new Fifth International.

In 1967, LaRouche began teaching classes on Marx's dialectical materialism at New York City's Free School, and attracted a group of students from Columbia University and the City College of New York, recommending that they read Das Kapital, as well as Hegel, Kant, and Leibniz. During the 1968 Columbia University protests, he organized his supporters under the name National Caucus of Labor Committees (NCLC). The aim of the NCLC was to win control of the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) branch – the university's main activist group – and build a political alliance between students, local residents, organized labor, and the Columbia faculty. By 1973, the NCLC had over 600 members in 25 cities – including West Berlin and Stockholm – and produced what LaRouche's biographer, Dennis King, called the most literate of the far-left papers, New Solidarity. The NCLC's internal activities became highly regimented over the next few years. Members gave up their jobs and devoted themselves to the group and its leader, believing it would soon take control of America's trade unions and overthrow the government.

1970s

1971: Intelligence network

Further information: LaRouche movement

Robert J. Alexander writes that LaRouche first established an NCLC "intelligence network" in 1971. Members all over the world sent information to NCLC headquarters, which would distribute the information via briefings and other publications. LaRouche organized the network as a series of news services and magazines, which critics say was done to gain access to government officials under press cover. The publications included Executive Intelligence Review, founded in 1974. Other periodicals under his aegis included New Solidarity, Fusion Magazine, 21st Century Science and Technology, and Campaigner Magazine. His news services and publishers included American System Publications, Campaigner Publications, New Solidarity International Press Service, and The New Benjamin Franklin House Publishing Company. LaRouche acknowledged in 1980 that his followers impersonated reporters and others, saying it had to be done for his security. In 1982, U.S. News & World Report sued New Solidarity International Press Service and Campaigner Publications for damages, alleging that members were impersonating its reporters in phone calls.

U.S. sources told The Washington Post in 1985 that the LaRouche organization had assembled a worldwide network of government and military contacts, and that his researchers sometimes supplied information to government officials. Bobby Ray Inman, the CIA's deputy director in 1981 and 1982, said LaRouche and his wife had visited him, offering information about the West German Green Party. A CIA spokesman said LaRouche met Deputy Director John McMahon in 1983 to discuss one of LaRouche's trips overseas. An aide to Deputy Secretary of State William Clark said when LaRouche's associates discussed technology or economics, they made good sense and seemed qualified. Norman Bailey, formerly with the U.S. National Security Council, said in 1984 that LaRouche's staff comprised "one of the best private intelligence services in the world. ... They do know a lot of people around the world. They do get to talk to prime ministers and presidents." Several government officials feared a security leak from the government's ties with the movement. According to critics, the supposed behind-the-scenes processes were more often flights of fancy than inside information. Douglas Foster wrote in Mother Jones in 1982 that the briefings consisted of disinformation, "hate-filled" material about enemies, phony letters, intimidation, fake newspaper articles, and dirty tricks campaigns. Opponents were accused of being gay or Nazis, or were linked to murders, which the movement called "psywar techniques".

From the 1970s to the first decade of the 21st century, LaRouche founded several groups and companies. In addition to the National Caucus of Labor Committees, there was the Citizens Electoral Council (Australia), the National Democratic Policy Committee, the Fusion Energy Foundation, and the U.S. Labor Party. In 1984, he founded the Schiller Institute in Germany with his second wife, and three political parties there – the Europäische Arbeiterpartei, Patrioten für Deutschland, and Bürgerrechtsbewegung Solidarität – and in 2000 the Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement. His printing services included Computron Technologies, Computype, World Composition Services, and PMR Printing Company, Inc, or PMR Associates.

1973: Political shift; "Operation Mop-Up"

image of letter
A 1973 internal FBI letter, noting the Communist Party's efforts to eliminate LaRouche, and suggesting submission of a "blind memorandum" to the Communist Party's newspaper.

LaRouche wrote in his 1987 autobiography that violent altercations had begun in 1969 between his NCLC members and several New Left groups when Mark Rudd's faction began assaulting LaRouche's faction at Columbia University. Press accounts alleged that between April and September 1973, during what LaRouche called "Operation Mop-Up", NCLC members began physically attacking members of leftist groups that LaRouche classified as "left-protofascists"; an editorial in LaRouche's New Solidarity said of the Communist Party that the movement "must dispose of this stinking corpse". Armed with chains, bats, and martial-art nunchuk sticks, NCLC members assaulted Communist Party, SWP, and Progressive Labor Party members and Black Power activists on the streets and during meetings. At least 60 assaults were reported. The operation ended when police arrested several of LaRouche's followers; there were no convictions, and LaRouche maintained they had acted in self-defense. Journalist and LaRouche biographer Dennis King writes that the FBI may have tried to aggravate the strife, using measures such as anonymous mailings, to keep the groups at each other's throats. LaRouche said he met representatives of the Soviet Union at the United Nations in 1974 and 1975 to discuss attacks by the Communist Party USA on the NCLC and propose a merger, but said he received no assistance from them. One FBI memo, obtained under the Freedom of Information Act, proposes assisting the CPUSA in an investigation "for the purpose of ultimately eliminating him and the threat of the NCLC" (see image to left).

LaRouche's critics, such as King and Antony Lerman, allege that in 1973, with little warning, LaRouche adopted more extreme ideas, a process accompanied by a campaign of violence against his opponents on the left, and the development of conspiracy theories and paranoia about his personal safety. According to these accounts, he began to believe he was under threat of assassination from the Soviet Union, the CIA, Libya, drug dealers, and bankers. He also established a "Biological Holocaust Task Force", which, according to LaRouche, analyzed the public health consequences of International Monetary Fund (IMF) austerity policies for impoverished nations in Africa, and predicted that epidemics of cholera as well as possibly entirely new diseases would strike Africa in the 1980s.

1973: U.S. Labor Party

Further information: U.S. Labor Party

LaRouche founded the U.S. Labor Party in 1973 as the political arm of the NCLC. At first, the party was "preaching Marxist revolution"; however, by 1977, it shifted from left-wing to right-wing politics. A two-part article in The New York Times in 1979 by Howard Blum and Paul L. Montgomery alleged that LaRouche had turned the party (at that point with 1,000 members in 37 offices in North America, and 26 in Europe and Latin America) into an extreme-right, antisemitic organization, despite the presence of Jewish members. LaRouche denied the newspaper's charges, and said he had filed a $100 million libel suit; his press secretary said the articles were intended to "set up a credible climate for an assassination hit".

The Times alleged that members had taken courses in how to use knives and rifles; that a farm in upstate New York had been used for guerrilla training; and that several members had undergone a six-day anti-terrorist training course run by Mitchell WerBell III, an arms dealer and former member of the Office of Strategic Services, who said he had ties to the CIA. Journalists and publications the party regarded as unfriendly were harassed, and it published a list of potential assassins it saw as a threat. LaRouche expected members to devote themselves entirely to the party, place their savings and possessions at its disposal, and take out loans on its behalf. Party officials decided who each member should live with, and if someone left the movement, the remaining member was expected to live separately from the ex-member. LaRouche questioned spouses about their partner's sexual habits, the Times said, and in one case reportedly ordered a member to stop having sex with his wife, because it was making him "politically impotent".

1973: "Ego-stripping" and "brainwashing" allegations

LaRouche began writing in 1973 about the use of certain psychological techniques on recruits. In an article called "Beyond Psychoanalysis", he wrote that a worker's persona had to be stripped away to arrive at a state he called "little me", from which it would be possible to "rebuild their personalities around a new socialist identity", according to The Washington Post. The New York Times wrote that the first such session – which LaRouche called "ego-stripping" – involved a German member, Konstantin George, in the summer of 1973. LaRouche said that during the session he discovered that a plot to assassinate him had been implanted in George's mind.

He recorded sessions with a 26-year-old British member, Chris White, who had moved to England with LaRouche's former partner, Carol Schnitzer. In December 1973 LaRouche asked the couple to return to the U.S. His followers sent tapes of the subsequent sessions with White to The New York Times as evidence of an assassination plot. According to the Times, "here are sounds of weeping, and vomiting on the tapes, and Mr. White complains of being deprived of sleep, food and cigarettes. At one point someone says 'raise the voltage', but says this was associated with the bright lights used in the questioning rather than an electric shock." The Times wrote: "Mr. White complains of a terrible pain in his arm, then LaRouche can be heard saying, 'That's not real. That's in the program'." LaRouche told the newspaper White had been "reduced to an eight-cycle infinite loop with look-up table, with homosexual bestiality". He said White had not been harmed and that a physician – a LaRouche movement member – had been present throughout. White ended up telling LaRouche he had been programmed by the CIA and British intelligence to set up LaRouche for assassination by Cuban exile frogmen.

According to The Washington Post, "brainwashing hysteria" took hold of the movement. One activist said he attended meetings where members were writhing on the floor saying they needed de-programming. In two weeks in January 1974, the group issued 41 separate press releases about brainwashing. One activist, Alice Weitzman, expressed skepticism about the claims.

1974: Contacts with far-right groups, intelligence gathering

LaRouche established contacts with Willis Carto's Liberty Lobby and elements of the Ku Klux Klan in 1974. Frank Donner and Randall Rothenberg wrote that he made successful overtures to the Liberty Lobby and George Wallace's American Independent Party, adding that the "racist" policies of LaRouche's U.S. Labor Party endeared it to members of the Ku Klux Klan. George Michael, in Willis Carto and the American Far Right, says that LaRouche shared with the Liberty Lobby's Willis Carto an antipathy towards the Rockefeller family. The Liberty Lobby defended its alliance with LaRouche by saying the U.S. Labor Party had been able to "confuse, disorient, and disunify the Left".

Gregory Rose, a former chief of counter-intelligence for LaRouche who became an FBI informant in 1973, said that while the LaRouche movement had extensive links to the Liberty Lobby, there was also copious evidence of a connection to the Soviet Union. George and Wilcox say neither connection amounted to much – they assert that LaRouche was "definitely not a Soviet agent" and state that while the contact with the Liberty Lobby is often used to imply "'links' and 'ties' between LaRouche and the extreme right", it was in fact transient and marked by mutual suspicion. The Liberty Lobby soon pronounced itself disillusioned with LaRouche, citing his movement's adherence to "basic socialist positions" and his softness on "the major Zionist groups" as fundamental points of difference. According to George and Wilcox, American neo-Nazi leaders expressed misgivings over the number of Jews and members of other minority groups in his organization, and did not consider LaRouche an ally. George Johnson, in Architects of Fear, similarly states that LaRouche's overtures to far right groups were pragmatic rather than sincere. A 1975 party memo spoke of uniting with these groups only to overthrow the established order, adding that once that goal had been accomplished, "eliminating our right-wing opposition will be comparatively easy".

Howard Blum wrote in The New York Times that, from 1976 onward, party members sent reports to the FBI and local police regarding members of left-wing organizations. In 1977, he wrote, commercial reports on U.S. anti-apartheid groups were prepared by LaRouche members for the South African government, student dissidents were reported to the Shah of Iran's Savak secret police, and the anti-nuclear movement was investigated on behalf of power companies. Johnson says the intelligence network was made up of "obnoxious devotees commandeering WATS lines and tricking bureaucrats into giving them information". By the late 1970s, members were exchanging almost daily information with Roy Frankhouser, a government informant and infiltrator of both far right and far left groups who was involved with the Ku Klux Klan and the American Nazi Party. The LaRouche organization believed Frankhouser to be a federal agent who had been assigned to infiltrate right-wing and left-wing groups, and that he had evidence that these groups were actually being manipulated or controlled by the FBI and other agencies. LaRouche and his associates considered Frankhouser to be a valuable intelligence contact, and took his links to extremist groups to be a cover for his intelligence work. Frankhouser played into these expectations, misrepresenting himself as a conduit for communications to LaRouche from "Mr. Ed", an alleged CIA contact who did not exist in reality.

Blum wrote, at around this time, that LaRouche's Computron Technologies Corporation included Mobil Oil and Citibank among its clients, that his World Composition Services had one of the most advanced typesetting complexes in the city and had the Ford Foundation among its clients, and that his PMR Associates produced the party's publications and some high school newspapers.

Around the same time, according to Blum, LaRouche was telling his membership several times a year that he was being targeted for assassination, including by the Queen of the United Kingdom, Zionist mobsters, the Council on Foreign Relations, the Justice Department, and the Mossad. LaRouche sued the City of New York in 1974, saying the CIA and British spies had tortured and drugged his associates to brainwash his associates into killing him. According to The Patriot-News of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, LaRouche said he had been "threatened by Communists, Zionists, narcotics gangsters, the Rockefellers and international terrorists." LaRouche later said:

Since late 1973, I have been repeatedly the target of serious assassination threats and my wife has been three times the target of attempted assassination. ... My enemies are the circles of McGeorge Bundy, Henry Kissinger, Soviet General Secretary Yuri Andropov, W. Averell Harriman, certain powerful bankers, and the Socialist and Nazi Internationals, as well as international drug traffickers, Colonel Gaddafi, Ayatollah Khomeini, and the Malthusian lobby.

1975–1976: presidential campaign

Further information: Lyndon LaRouche U.S. presidential campaigns and Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement § LaRouche's campaign platforms
LaRouche, 1976
photograph
In 1975 Clarence M. Kelley, FBI Director, called the NCLC a "violence-oriented organization".

In March 1975, Clarence M. Kelley, director of the FBI, testified before the House Appropriations Committee that the NCLC was "a violence-oriented organization of 'revolutionary socialists' with a membership of nearly 1,000 in chapters in some 50 cities". He said that during the previous two years its members had been "involved in fights, beatings, using drugs, kidnappings, brainwashings, and at least one shooting. They are reported to be armed, to have received defensive training such as karate, and to attend cadre schools and training schools to learn military tactics".

In 1975, under the name Lyn Marcus, LaRouche published Dialectical Economics: An Introduction to Marxist Political Economy, described by its only reviewer as "the most peculiar and idiosyncratic" introduction to economics he had ever seen. Mixing economics, history, anthropology, sociology and a surprisingly large helping of business administration, the work argued that most prominent Marxists had misunderstood Marx, and that bourgeois economics arose when philosophy took a wrong, reductionist turn under British empiricists like Locke and Hume.

In 1976, LaRouche campaigned for the first time in a presidential election as a U.S. Labor Party candidate, polling 40,043 votes (0.05%). It was the first of eight consecutive presidential elections in which he ran between 1976 and 2004. It enabled him to attract $5.9 million in federal matching funds; candidates seeking their party's presidential nomination qualify for matching funds if they raise $5,000 in each of at least 20 states. His platform predicted financial disaster by 1980 accompanied by famine and the virtual extinction of the human race within 15 years, and proposed a debt moratorium; nationalization of banks; government investment in industry especially in the aerospace sector, and an "International Development Bank" to facilitate higher food production. When Legionnaires' disease appeared in the U.S. that year, he said it was a continuation of the swine flu outbreak, and that senators who opposed vaccination were suppressing the link as part of a "genocidal policy".

His campaign included a paid half-hour television address, which allowed him to air his views before a national audience, something that became a regular feature of his later campaigns. There were protests about this, and about the NCLC's involvement in public life generally. Writing in The Washington Post, Stephen Rosenfeld said LaRouche's ideas belonged to the radical right, neo-Nazi fringe, and that his main interests lay in disruption and disinformation; Rosenfeld called the NCLC one of the "chief polluters" of political democracy. Rosenfeld argued that the press should be "chary" of offering them print or airtime: "A duplicitous violence-prone group with fascistic proclivities should not be presented to the public, unless there is reason to present it in those terms." LaRouche wrote in 1999 that this comment had "openly declared ... a policy of malicious lying" against him.

photograph
Helga Zepp in 2005

1977: Second marriage

LaRouche married again in 1977. His wife, Helga Zepp, was then a leading activist in the West German branch of the movement. She went on to work closely with LaRouche for the rest of her career, standing for election in Germany in 1980 for his Europäische Arbeiterpartei (European Workers Party), and founding the Schiller Institute in Germany in 1984.

1980s

National Democratic Policy Committee, "October Surprise" theory

From the autumn of 1979, the LaRouche movement conducted most of its U.S. electoral activities as the National Democratic Policy Committee (NDPC), a political action committee. The name drew complaints from the Democratic Party's Democratic National Committee. Democratic Party leaders refused to recognize LaRouche as a party member, or to seat the few delegates he received in his seven primary campaigns as a Democrat. In its 2019 obituary of LaRouche, New York magazine reported that LaRouche's attempts to pose as a Democrat were originally an attempt at a spoiler operation to divide the opponents of Ronald Reagan.

LaRouche's campaign platforms advocated a return to the Bretton Woods system, including a gold-based national and world monetary system; fixed exchange rates; and abolishing the International Monetary Fund. He supported the replacement of the central bank system, including the U.S. Federal Reserve System, with a "national bank"; a war on drug trafficking and prosecution of banks involved in money laundering; building a tunnel under the Bering Strait; the building of nuclear power plants; and a crash program to build particle-beam weapons and lasers, including support for elements of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). He opposed the Soviet Union and supported a military buildup to prepare for imminent war; supported the screening and quarantine of AIDS patients; and opposed environmentalism, deregulation, outcome-based education, and abortion:

No more will the United States fight World Wars to save the British Empire in any shape or guise. No more will the United States tolerate the British system, whether colonial or neo-colonial. No more will the United States tolerate the economics of Adam Smith in any part of the world. We are going to take this aching, poor, hungry world and we're going to transform it with American methods. We're going to transform it through the export and development of high technology, we're going to have Manhattan Projects and NASA projects and every dirigiste, Federally-directed, scientific crazed program that we deem necessary.

— Lyndon LaRouche, at the opening of the National Democratic Policy Committee, 1979

In December 1980, LaRouche and his followers started what came to be known as the "October Surprise" allegation, namely that in October 1980 Ronald Reagan's campaign staff conspired with the Iranian government during the Iran hostage crisis to delay the release of 52 American hostages held in Iran, with the aim of helping Reagan win the 1980 United States presidential election against Jimmy Carter. The Iranians had agreed to this, according to the theory, in exchange for future weapons sales from the Reagan administration. The first publication of the story was in LaRouche's Executive Intelligence Review on December 2, 1980, followed by his New Solidarity on September 2, 1983, alleging that Henry Kissinger, one of LaRouche's regular targets, had met Iran's Ayatollah Beheshti in Paris, according to Iranian sources in Paris. The theory was later echoed by former Iranian President Abolhassan Banisadr and former Naval intelligence officer and National Security Council member Gary Sick.

1983: Move from New York to Loudoun County

The Washington Post wrote that LaRouche and his wife moved in August 1983 from New York to a 13-room Georgian mansion on a 250-acre section of the Woodburn Estate, near Leesburg, Loudoun County, Virginia. The property was owned at the time by a company registered in Switzerland. Companies associated with LaRouche continued to buy property in the area, including part of Leesburg's industrial park, purchased by LaRouche's Lafayette/Leesburg Ltd. Partnership to develop a printing plant and office complex.

Neighbors said they saw LaRouche guards in camouflage clothes carrying semi-automatic weapons, and the Post wrote that the house had sandbag-buttressed guard posts nearby, along with metal spikes in the driveway and concrete barriers on the road. One of his aides said LaRouche was safer in Loudoun County: "The terrorist organizations which have targeted Mr. LaRouche do not have bases of operations in Virginia." LaRouche said his new home meant a shorter commute to Washington. A former associate said the move also meant his members would be more isolated from friends and family than they had been in New York. According to the Post in 2004, local people who opposed him for any reason were accused in LaRouche publications of being communists, homosexuals, drug pushers, and terrorists. He reportedly accused the Leesburg Garden Club of being a nest of Soviet sympathizers, and a local lawyer who opposed LaRouche on a zoning matter went into hiding after threatening phone calls and a death threat. In leaflets supporting his application of concealed weapons permits for his bodyguards in Leesburg, Virginia, he wrote:

I have a major personal security problem ... the assassination teams of professional mercenaries now being trained in Canada and along the Mexico border may be expected to start arriving on the streets of Leesburg ... If they come, there will be many people dead or mutilated within as short an interval as 60 seconds of fire.

Of LaRouche's paramilitary security force, armed with semi-automatic weapons, a spokesperson said that it was necessary because LaRouche was the subject of "assassination conspiracies".

LaRouche during his 1984 presidential campaign

1984: Schiller Institute, television spots, contact with Reagan administration

Further information: Schiller Institute

Helga Zepp-LaRouche founded the Schiller Institute in Germany in 1984. In the same year, LaRouche raised enough money to purchase 14 television spots, at $330,000 each, in which he called Walter Mondale—the Democratic Party's presidential nominee—a Soviet agent of influence, triggering over 1,000 telephone complaints. On April 19, 1986, NBC's Saturday Night Live aired a sketch satirizing the ads, portraying the Queen of the United Kingdom and Henry Kissinger as drug dealers. LaRouche received 78,773 votes in the 1984 presidential election.

In 1984, media reports stated that LaRouche and his aides had met Reagan administration officials, including Norman Bailey, senior director of international economic affairs for the National Security Council (NSC), and Richard Morris, special assistant to William P. Clark, Jr. There were also reported contacts with the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Defense Intelligence Agency, and the CIA. The LaRouche campaign said the reporting was full of errors. In 1984 two Pentagon officials spoke at a LaRouche rally in Virginia; a Defense Department spokesman said the Pentagon viewed LaRouche's group as a "conservative group ... very supportive of the administration." White House spokesman Larry Speakes said the Administration was "glad to talk to" any American citizen who might have information. According to Bailey, the contacts were broken off when they became public. Three years later, LaRouche blamed his criminal indictment on the NSC, saying he had been in conflict with Oliver North over LaRouche's opposition to the Nicaraguan Contras. According to a LaRouche publication, a court-ordered search of North's files produced a May 1986 telex from Iran–Contra defendant General Richard Secord, discussing the gathering of information to be used against LaRouche. According to King, LaRouche's Executive Intelligence Review was the first to report important details of the Iran–Contra affair, predicting that a major scandal was about to break months before mainstream media picked up on the story.

Strategic Defense Initiative

Main article: Fusion Energy Foundation
photograph
The Wheat Building in Leesburg, Virginia, which housed the Fusion Energy Foundation in the 1980s.

The LaRouche campaign supported Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). Dennis King wrote that LaRouche had been speculating about space-based weaponry as early as 1975. He set up the Fusion Energy Foundation, which held conferences and tried to cultivate scientists, with some success. In 1979, FEF representatives attended a Moscow conference on laser fusion. LaRouche began to promote the use of lasers and related technologies for both military and civilian purposes, calling for a "revolution in machine tools."

According to King, LaRouche's associates had for some years been in contact with members of the Reagan administration about LaRouche's space-based weapons ideas. LaRouche proposed the development of defensive beam technologies as a policy that was in the interest of both the U.S. and the Soviet Union, as the alternative to an arms race in offensive weapons and as a generator of spin-off economic benefits. Between February 1982 and February 1983, with the NSC's approval, LaRouche met with Soviet embassy representative Evgeny Shershnev to discuss the proposal. During this period, Soviet economists also began to study LaRouche's economic forecasting model. But after Reagan's public announcement of the SDI in March 1983, Soviet representatives broke off contact with LaRouche and his representatives.

Physicist Edward Teller, a proponent of SDI and X-ray lasers, told reporters in 1984 that he had been courted by LaRouche but had kept his distance. LaRouche began calling his plan the "LaRouche-Teller proposal," though they had never met. Teller said LaRouche was "a poorly informed man with fantastic conceptions."

LaRouche later attributed the collapse of the Soviet Union to its refusal to follow his advice to accept Reagan's offer to share the technology. Former Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld reported in his 2011 memoir that at a 2001 dinner in Russia with leading officials, he was told by General Yuri Baluyevsky, then the second highest-ranking officer in the Russian military, that LaRouche was the brains behind SDI. Rumsfeld said he believed LaRouche had had no influence on the program, and surmised that Baluyevsky must have obtained the information off the Internet. In 2012 the former head of the Russian bureau of Interpol, General Vladimir Ovchinsky, also described LaRouche as the man who proposed the SDI.

1984: NBC lawsuit

In January 1984, NBC aired a news segment about LaRouche, and in March a "First Camera" report produced by Pat Lynch. The reports called LaRouche "the leader of a violence-prone, anti-Semitic cult that smeared its opponents and sued its critics", as Lynch wrote in 1985 in the Columbia Journalism Review. In interviews, former members of the movement gave details about their fundraising practices, and alleged that LaRouche had spoken about assassinating President Jimmy Carter. The reports said an investigation by the Internal Revenue Service would lead to an indictment, and quoted Irwin Suall, the Anti-Defamation League's fact-finding director, who called LaRouche a "small-time Hitler". After the broadcast, LaRouche members picketed NBC's office carrying signs saying "Lynch Pat Lynch," and the NBC switchboard said it received a death threat against her. Another NBC researcher said someone placed fliers around her parents' neighborhood saying she was running a call-girl ring from her parents' home. Lynch said LaRouche members began to impersonate her and her researchers in telephone calls, and called her "Fat Lynch" in their publications.

LaRouche filed a defamation suit against NBC and the ADL, arguing that the programs were the result of a deliberate campaign of defamation against him. The judge ruled that NBC need not reveal its sources, and LaRouche lost the case. NBC won a countersuit, the jury awarding the network $3 million in damages, later reduced to $258,459, for misuse of libel law, in what was called one of the more celebrated countersuits by a libel defendant. LaRouche failed to pay the damages, pleading poverty, which the judge described as "completely lacking in credibility." LaRouche said he had been unaware since 1973 who paid the rent on the estate, or for his food, lodging, clothing, transportation, bodyguards, and lawyers. The judge fined him for failing to answer. After the judge signed an order to allow discovery of LaRouche's personal finances, a cashier's check was delivered to the court to end the case. When LaRouche appealed, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals, rejecting his arguments, set forth a three-pronged test, later called the "LaRouche test," to decide when anonymous sources must be named in libel cases.

1985–1986: PANIC, LaRouche's AIDS initiative

Main article: 1986 California Proposition 64

LaRouche interpreted the AIDS pandemic as fulfillment of his 1973 prediction that an epidemic would strike humanity in the 1980s. According to Christopher Toumey, his subsequent campaign followed a familiar LaRouche pattern: challenging the scientific competence of government experts, and arguing that LaRouche had special scientific insights, and his own scientific associates were more competent than government scientists. LaRouche's view of AIDS agreed with orthodox medicine in that HIV caused AIDS, but differed from it in arguing that HIV spread like the cold virus or malaria, by way of casual contact and insect bites – which, if true, would make HIV-positive people extremely dangerous. He advocated testing anyone working in schools, restaurants, or healthcare, and quarantining those who tested positive. Some of LaRouche's views on AIDS were developed by John Seale, a British venereological physician who proposed that AIDS was created in a Soviet laboratory. Seale's highly speculative writings were published in three prestigious medical journals, lending these ideas some appearance of being hard science.

LaRouche and his associates devised a "Biological Strategic Defense Initiative" that would cost $100 billion per annum, which they said would have to be directed by LaRouche. Toumey writes that those opposing the program, such as the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control, were accused of "viciously lying to the world," and of following an agenda of genocide and euthanasia. In 1986 LaRouche proposed that AIDS be added to California's List of Communicable Diseases. Sponsored by his "Prevent AIDS Now Initiative Committee" (PANIC), Proposition 64 – or the "LaRouche initiative" – qualified for the California ballot in 1986, with the required signature gatherers mostly paid for by LaRouche's Campaigner Publications. Seale, presented as an AIDS expert by PANIC, supported the LaRouche initiative, but disagreed with several of LaRouche's views, including that HIV could be spread by insects, and described the group's political beliefs and conspiracy theories as "rather odd". According to David Kirp, professor of public policy at the University of California at Berkeley, the proposal would have required that 300,000 people in the area with HIV or AIDS be reported to public health authorities; might have removed over 100,000 of them from their jobs in schools, restaurants and agriculture; and would have forced 47,000 children to stay away from school.

The proposal was opposed by leading scientists and local health officials as based on inaccurate scientific information and, as the public health schools put it, running "counter to all public health principles." It was defeated, reintroduced two years later, and defeated again, with two million votes in favor the first time, and 1.7 million the second. AIDS became a leading plank in LaRouche's platform during his 1988 presidential campaign.

1986: Electoral success in Illinois; press conference allegations

Main article: 1986 Illinois gubernatorial election

In March 1986, Mark Fairchild and Janice Hart – LaRouche National Democratic Policy Committee candidates – won the Democratic primary for statewide offices in Illinois, gaining national attention for LaRouche. The Democratic gubernatorial candidate, Adlai Stevenson III, withdrew his nomination rather than run on the same slate as LaRouche members, and told reporters the party was "exploring every legal remedy to purge these bizarre and dangerous extremists from the Democratic ticket." A spokesman for the Democratic National Committee said it would have to do a better job of communicating to the electorate that LaRouche's National Democratic Policy Committee was unrelated to the Democratic Party. The New York Times wrote that Democratic Party officials were trying to identify LaRouche candidates in order to alert voters, and asked the LaRouche organization to release a full list of its candidates.

A month later, LaRouche held a press conference to accuse the Soviet government, British government, drug dealers, international bankers, and journalists of being involved in multiple conspiracies. Flanked by bodyguards, he said: "If Abe Lincoln were alive, he'd probably be standing up here with me today," and that there was no criticism of him that did not originate "with the drug lobby or the Soviet operation ..." He said he had been in danger from Soviet assassins for over 13 years, and had to live in safe houses. He refused to answer a question from an NBC reporter, saying "How can I talk with a drug pusher like you?" He called the leadership of the United States "idiotic" and "berserk," and its foreign policy "criminal or insane." He warned of the imminent collapse of the banking system and accused banks of laundering drug money. Asked about the movement's finances, he said "I don't know. ... I'm not responsible, I'm not involved in that."

1986–1988: Raids and criminal convictions

Main article: LaRouche criminal trials

In October 1986, hundreds of state and federal officers raided LaRouche offices in Virginia and Massachusetts. A federal grand jury indicted LaRouche and twelve of his associates on credit card fraud and obstruction of justice. The charges stated that they had attempted to defraud people of millions of dollars, including several elderly people, by borrowing money they did not intend to repay. LaRouche disputed the charges, alleging that they were politically motivated.

When LaRouche's "heavily fortified" estate was surrounded, he at first warned law-enforcement officials not to arrest him, saying that any attempt to do so would be an attempt to kill him. A spokesman would not rule out the use of violence against officials in response. While surrounded, LaRouche sent a telegram to president Ronald Reagan saying that an attempt to arrest him "would be an attempt to kill me. I will not submit passively to such an arrest, ... I will defend myself."

In 1987, a number of LaRouche entities, including the Fusion Energy Foundation, were taken over through an involuntary bankruptcy proceeding. The government's use of a sealed order in this proceeding was regarded as a rare legal maneuver.

On December 16, 1988, LaRouche was convicted of conspiracy to commit mail fraud involving more than $30 million in defaulted loans; eleven counts of actual mail fraud involving $294,000 in defaulted loans; and a single count of conspiring to defraud the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. He was sentenced to 15 years in federal prison, but was released on parole after serving five years on January 26, 1994.

Thirteen associates were sentenced to prison terms ranging from one month to 77 years for mail fraud and conspiracy.

The trial judge called LaRouche's claim of a political vendetta "arrant nonsense", and said "the idea that this organization is a sufficient threat to anything that would warrant the government bringing a prosecution to silence them just defies human experience."

Defense lawyers filed unsuccessful appeals that challenged the conduct of the grand jury, the contempt fines, the execution of the search warrants, and various trial procedures. At least ten appeals were heard by the United States Court of Appeals, and three were heard by the U.S. Supreme Court.

Former Attorney General Ramsey Clark joined the defense team for two appeals, writing that the case involved "a broader range of deliberate and systematic misconduct and abuse of power over a longer period of time in an effort to destroy a political movement and leader, than any other federal prosecution in my time or to my knowledge."

In his 1988 autobiography, LaRouche says the raid on his operation was the work of Raisa Gorbachev. In an interview that same year, he said that the Soviet Union opposed him, because he had invented the Strategic Defense Initiative. "The Soviet government hated me for it. Gorbachev also hated my guts and called for my assassination and imprisonment and so forth." He asserted that he had survived these threats, because he had been protected by unnamed U.S. government officials. "Even when they don't like me, they consider me a national asset, and they don't like to have their national assets killed."

LaRouche received 25,562 votes in the 1988 presidential election.

1989: Musical interests and Verdi tuning initiative

LaRouche had an interest in classical music up to the period of Brahms. A motto of LaRouche's European Workers' Party is "Think like Beethoven"; movement offices typically include a piano and posters of German composers, and members are known for their choral singing at protest events and for using satirical lyrics tailored to their targets. LaRouche abhorred popular music; he said in 1980, "Rock was not an accidental thing. This was done by people who set out in a deliberate way to subvert the United States. It was done by British intelligence," and wrote that the Beatles were "a product shaped according to British Psychological Warfare Division specifications."

LaRouche movement members have protested at performances of Richard Wagner's operas, denouncing Wagner as an anti-Semite who found favor with the Nazis, and called a conductor "satanic" because he played contemporary music.

In 1989, LaRouche advocated that classical orchestras should use a concert pitch based on A above middle C (A4) tuned to 432 Hz, which the Schiller Institute called the "Verdi pitch", a pitch that Verdi had suggested as optimal, though he also composed and conducted in other pitches such as the French official diapason normal of 435 Hz, including his Requiem in 1874.

The Schiller Institute initiative attracted support from more than 300 opera stars, including Joan Sutherland, Plácido Domingo, and Luciano Pavarotti, who according to Opera Fanatic may not have been aware of LaRouche's politics. A spokesman for Domingo said Domingo had simply signed a questionnaire, had not been aware of its origins, and would not agree with LaRouche's politics. Renata Tebaldi and Piero Cappuccilli, who were running for the European Parliament on LaRouche's "Patriots for Italy" platform, attended Schiller Institute conferences as featured speakers. The discussions led to debates in the Italian parliament about reinstating "Verdi" legislation. LaRouche gave an interview to National Public Radio on the initiative from prison. The initiative was opposed by the editor of Opera Fanatic, Stefan Zucker, who objected to the establishment of a "pitch police," and argued that LaRouche was using the issue to gain credibility.

1990s

Imprisonment, release on parole, attempts at exoneration, visits to Russia

LaRouche began his sentence in 1989, serving it at the Federal Medical Center in Rochester, Minnesota. From there he ran for Congress in 1990, seeking to represent the 10th District of Virginia, but he received less than one percent of the vote. He ran for president again in 1992 with James Bevel as his running mate, a civil rights activist who had represented the LaRouche movement in its pursuit of the Franklin child prostitution ring allegations. It was only the second-ever campaign for president from prison. He received 26,334 votes, standing again as the "Economic Recovery" party. For a time he shared a cell with televangelist Jim Bakker. Bakker later wrote of his astonishment at LaRouche's detailed knowledge of the Bible. According to Bakker, LaRouche received a daily intelligence report by mail, and at times had information about news events days before they happened. Bakker also wrote that LaRouche believed their cell was bugged. In Bakker's view, "to say LaRouche was a little paranoid would be like saying that the Titanic had a little leak."

Viktor Kuzin, a member of the Moscow City Council and a founder of the Democratic Union in Russia, travelled to Minnesota in 1993 to meet LaRouche in prison, and afterwards participated in international campaigns to exonerate LaRouche. An advertisement calling for exoneration was published in several U.S. newspapers, signed by Kuzin, Civil Rights attorney J. L. Chestnut, former Ugandan president Godfrey Binaisa, and others. Chestnut was interviewed in the Tuscaloosa News saying that when he met LaRouche, "I told him that he might as well be black and in Alabama."

The exoneration campaigns garnered the support of a number of State Representatives and State Senators in the U.S., as well as a former justice of the Washington State Supreme Court.

LaRouche was released on parole in January 1994, and returned to Loudoun County. The Washington Post wrote that he would be supervised by parole and probation officers until January 2004. Also in 1994, his followers joined members of the Nation of Islam to blame the Anti-Defamation League for what they alleged were crimes and conspiracies against African Americans, reportedly one of several such meetings since 1992.

Former U.S. Attorney General Ramsey Clark wrote a letter in 1995 to then-Attorney General Janet Reno in which he said that the case against LaRouche involved "a broader range of deliberate and systematic misconduct and abuse of power over a longer period of time in an effort to destroy a political movement and leader, than any other federal prosecution in my time or to my knowledge". He asserted that, "The government, ex parte, sought and received an order effectively closing the doors of these publishing businesses, all of which were involved in First Amendment activities, effectively preventing the further repayment of their debts." He called the convictions "a tragic miscarriage of justice which at this time can only be corrected by an objective review and courageous action by the Department of Justice". The LaRouche movement organized two panels to review the cases: the Curtis Clark Commission, and the Mann-Chestnut hearings.

Beginning in 1994, LaRouche made numerous visits to Russia, participating in conferences of the Vernadsky State Geological Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the RAS Institute of the Far East, and other places. He addressed seminars at the RAS Institute of Economics, the RAS Institute of Oriental Studies. He spoke at hearings in the State Duma of the Russian Federation on measures to ensure the development of the Russian economy at the point of destabilization of the world financial system. Two of his books were translated into Russian.

On September 18, 1996, a full-page advertisement appeared in the New Federalist, a LaRouche publication, as well as The Washington Post and Roll Call. Entitled "Officials Call for LaRouche's Exoneration", its signatories included Arturo Frondizi, former president of Argentina; figures from the 1960s American civil rights movement such as Amelia Boynton Robinson (a leader of the Larouche-affiliated Schiller Institute), James Bevel (a Larouche movement participant) and Rosa Parks; former Minnesota Senator and Democratic presidential candidate Eugene McCarthy; Mervyn Dymally, who chaired the Congressional Black Caucus; and artists such as classical vocalist William Warfield and violinist Norbert Brainin, former 1st Violin of the Amadeus Quartet.

In 1996, LaRouche was invited to speak at a convention organized by the Nation of Islam's Louis Farrakhan and Ben Chavis, then of the National African American Leadership Summit. As soon as he began speaking, he was booed off the stage.

In the 1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries, he received enough votes in Louisiana and Virginia to get one delegate from each state, but before the primaries began, the Democratic National Committee chair, Donald Fowler, ruled that LaRouche was not a "bona fide Democrat" because of his "expressed political beliefs ... which are explicitly racist and anti-Semitic," and because of his "past activities, including exploitation of and defrauding contributors and voters." Fowler instructed state parties to disregard votes for LaRouche.

LaRouche opposed attempts to impeach President Bill Clinton, charging it was a plot by the British Intelligence to destabilize the U.S. government. In 1996 he called for the impeachment of Pennsylvania governor Tom Ridge.

Efforts to clear LaRouche's name continued, including in Australia, where the Parliament acknowledged receipt of 1,606 petition signatures in 1998.

In 1999, China's press agency, the Xinhua News Agency, reported that LaRouche had criticized the Cox Report, a congressional investigation that accused the Chinese of stealing U.S. nuclear weapons secrets, calling it a "scientifically illiterate hoax." On October 13, 1999, during a press conference to announce his plans to run for president, he predicted the collapse of the world's financial system, saying, "There's nothing like it in this century. ... it is systematic and therefore inevitable." He said the U.S. and other nations had built the "biggest financial bubble in all history," which was close to bankruptcy.

2000s

2000–2003: Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement, September 11 attacks, presidential run

photograph
LaRouche supporters in Chicago, 2007

LaRouche founded the Worldwide LaRouche Youth Movement (WLYM) in 2000, saying in 2004 that it had hundreds of members in the U.S. and a lesser number overseas. During the Democratic primaries in June 2000, he received 53,280 votes, or 22% of the total, in Arkansas. Despite finishing above the 15% threshold needed to obtain delegates, LaRouche was denied any delegates and was barred from attending the 2000 Democratic National Convention.

In 2002, LaRouche's Executive Intelligence Review argued that the September 11 attacks in 2001 had been an "inside job" and "attempted coup d'etat", and that Iran was the first country to question it. The article received wide coverage in Iran, and was cited by senior Iranian government officials, including Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani and Hassan Rouhani. Mahmoud Alinejad wrote that, in a subsequent telephone interview with the Voice of the Islamic Republic of Iran, LaRouche said the attacks had been organized by rogue elements inside the U.S., aiming to use the incident to promote a war against Islam, and that Israel was a dictatorial regime prepared to commit Nazi-style crimes against the Palestinians.

In 2003, LaRouche was living in a "heavily guarded" rented house in Round Hill, Loudoun County, Virginia.

LaRouche again entered the primary elections for the Democratic Party's nomination in 2004, setting a record for the number of consecutive presidential campaigns; Democratic Party officials did not allow him to participate in candidate forum debates. He did not run in 2008.

As during the preceding decade, LaRouche and his followers denied that human civilization had harmed the environment through DDT, chlorofluorocarbons, or carbon dioxide. According to Chip Berlet, "Pro-LaRouche publications have been at the forefront of denying the reality of global warming".

2003–2012: Overseas press coverage, financial crisis

LaRouche circa 2006.

Iqbal Qazwini wrote in the Arabic-language daily Asharq Al-Awsat in 2003 that LaRouche was one of the first to predict the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1988 and German reunification. He said LaRouche had urged the West to pursue a policy of economic cooperation similar to the Marshall Plan for the advancement of the economy of the socialist countries. According to Qazwini, recent years have seen a proliferation of LaRouche's ideas in China and South Asia. Qazwini referred to him as the spiritual father of the revival of the new Silk Road or Eurasian Landbridge, which aims to link the continents through a network of ground transportation.

In 2005, the People's Daily of China covered LaRouche's economic forecasts and published an eight-part interview with him; the interviewer wrote that LaRouche was "quite famous in mainland China today".

In 2007, LaRouche began a national lobbying campaign to restore the Glass-Steagall Act, saying that it would be possible to save the U.S. banking system by reorganizing it under bankruptcy protection. Also in 2007, he proposed a "Homeowners and Bank Protection Act". This called for the establishment of a federal agency that would "place federal- and state-chartered banks under protection, freeze all existing home mortgages for a period of time, adjust mortgage values to fair prices, restructure existing mortgages at appropriate interest rates, and write off speculative debt obligations of mortgage-backed securities". The bill envisioned a foreclosure moratorium, allowing homeowners to make the equivalent of rental payments for an interim period, and an end to bank bailouts, forcing banks to reorganize under bankruptcy laws. In spring 2007 he was an honorary foreign guest at a ceremony in honor of the 80th birthday of Stanislav Menshikov at the Russian Academy of Sciences.

2009: U.S. health care reform

LaRouche poster of Barack Obama with a 'Hitler mustache'

During the discussion of U.S. health care reform in 2009, LaRouche advocated a single-payer health care bill and took exception to what he described as President Barack Obama's proposal that "independent boards of doctors and health care experts make the life-and-death decisions of what care to provide, and what not, based on cost-effectiveness criteria." LaRouche said the proposed boards would amount to the same thing as the Nazis' Action T4 euthanasia program. A press release from his political action committee asserted: "Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouchePAC are the source of the campaign to expose the Obama ‘health care’ policy as modeled on that of Hitler in 1939."

Images at tables of volunteers compared Obama to Adolf Hitler, and at least one had a picture of Obama with a Hitler-style mustache. In Seattle, police were called twice in response to people threatening to attack the volunteers. During one widely reported public meeting, Congressman Barney Frank called the images "vile, contemptible nonsense."

Ideology and beliefs

Main article: Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement

University of Notre Dame political philosophers Catherine Zuckert and Michael Zuckert write of LaRouche that "t must be nearly unique in American politics that a presidential candidate ... makes the interpretation of Plato a major issue in his campaign."

According to George Johnson, LaRouche saw history as a battle between Platonists, who believe in absolute truth, and Aristotelians, who rely on empirical data. Johnson characterizes LaRouche's views as follows: the Platonists include figures such as Beethoven, Mozart, Shakespeare, Leonardo da Vinci, and Leibniz. LaRouche believed that many of the world's ills result from the dominance of Aristotelianism as embraced by the empirical philosophers (such as Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume), leading to a culture that favors the empirical over the metaphysical, embraces moral relativism, and seeks to keep the general population uninformed. Industry, technology, and classical music should be used to enlighten the world, LaRouche argued, whereas the Aristotelians use psychotherapy, drugs, rock music, jazz, environmentalism, and quantum theory to bring about a new Dark Age in which the world will be ruled by oligarchs. Left and right are false distinctions for LaRouche; what matters is the Platonic versus Aristotelian outlook, a position that has led him to form relationships with groups as disparate as farmers, nuclear engineers, Black Muslims, Teamsters, and anti-abortion advocates.

In Architects of Fear (1983), Johnson compares LaRouche's view to an Illuminati conspiracy theory; Johnson writes that after he wrote about LaRouche in The Minneapolis Star, LaRouche's followers denounced him as part of a conspiracy of elitists that began in ancient Egypt. But according to LaRouche, Aristotelians are not necessarily in communication or coordination with one another: "From their standpoint, are proceeding by instinct," LaRouche said. "If you're asking how their policy is developed – if there is an inside group sitting down and making plans – no, it doesn't work that way ... History doesn't function quite that consciously."

In 2011, Stephen E. Adkins's Encyclopedia of Right-Wing Extremism In Modern American History called LaRouche "the leading neo-fascist politician in the United States".

Controversy

LaRouche was described as having "fascistic tendencies", taking positions on the far right (despite his self-identification with the left and some left-wing policies), and creating disinformation.

Designation as a conspiracy theorist

LaRouche was commonly regarded as a conspiracy theorist: for example, in his Fox News obituary. An article in the Southern Poverty Law Center website names him as "a fringe ideologue and conspiracy theorist whom Chip Berlet, senior analyst at Political Research Associates and an expert on the radical right calls "the man who brought us fascism wrapped in an American flag". An NPR obituary is titled Conspiracy Theorist And Frequent Presidential Candidate Lyndon LaRouche Dies At 96. The Washington Post obituary reports he was "often described as an extremist crank and fringe figure" and that he "built a worldwide following based on conspiracy theories, economic doom, anti-Semitism, homophobia and racism".

Allegations of antisemitism

Beginning in the mid-1970s, allegations began to appear saying that LaRouche had fascist and antisemitic tendencies.

In 1977, LaRouche married his second wife, Helga Zepp-LaRouche, a German 27 years younger than he. Her 1984 book, The Hitler Book, argues that "We need a movement that can finally free Germany from the control of the Versailles and Yalta treaties, thanks to which we have staggered from one catastrophe to another for an entire century." Helga founded the Schiller Institute, which has been described as promoting antisemitic conspiracy theories by the Berliner Zeitung and Political Research Associates, a nonprofit research group that studies right-wing, white supremacist, and militia groups.

LaRouche claimed that he was anti-Zionist, not antisemitic. When the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) accused LaRouche of antisemitism in 1979, he filed a $26-million libel suit; the case failed when Justice Michael Dontzin of the New York Supreme Court ruled that it was fair comment and that the facts "reasonably give rise" to that description. LaRouche started a campaign against the ADL and set up a group called "The Provisional Committee to Clean Up B'nai Brith."

LaRouche said in 1986 that descriptions of him as a neo-fascist or anti-Semite stemmed from "the drug lobby or the Soviet operation – which is sometimes the same thing," and in 2006 wrote that "religious and racial hatred, such as antisemitism, or hatred against Islam, or, hatred of Christians, is, on record of known history, the most evil expression of criminality to be seen on the planet today." Antony Lerman wrote in 1988 that LaRouche used "the British" as a code word for "Jews," a theory also propounded by Dennis King, author of Lyndon LaRouche and the New American Fascism (1989). George Johnson argued that King's presentation failed to take into account that several members of LaRouche's inner circle were Jewish. Daniel Pipes wrote in 1997 that LaRouche's references to the British really were to the British, though he agreed that an alleged British-Jewish alliance lay at the heart of LaRouche's conspiracism.

As of 2016, the Jewish Virtual Library states that "The international organization run by Lyndon LaRouche is a major source of such masked antisemitic theories globally. In the U.S. the LaRouchites spread these conspiracy theories in an alliance with aides to Minister Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam. A series of LaRouchite pamphlets calls the neoconservative movement the 'Children of Satan', which links Jewish neo-conservatives to the historic rhetoric of the blood libel."

Allegations of racism

Manning Marable of Columbia University wrote in 1998 that LaRouche tried in the mid-1980s to build bridges to the black community. Marable argued that most of the community was not fooled and quoted the A. Philip Randolph Institute, an organization for African American trade unionists, declaring that "LaRouche appeals to fear, hatred and ignorance. He seeks to exploit and exacerbate the anxieties and frustrations of Americans by offering an array of scapegoats and enemies: Jews, Zionists, international bankers, blacks, labor unions – much the way Hitler did in Germany." During LaRouche's slander suit against NBC in 1984, Roy Innis, leader of the Congress of Racial Equality, took the stand for LaRouche as a character witness, stating under oath that LaRouche's views on racism were "consistent with his own." Asked whether he had seen any indication of racism in LaRouche's associates, he replied that he had not.

Disputed record as economist and forecaster

LaRouche material frequently acclaims him as the world's greatest economist and the world's most successful forecaster. For example, his book title The Economics of the Noösphere: Why Lyndon LaRouche Is the World's Most Successful Economic Forecaster of the Past Four Decades. However, a website of disgruntled ex-movement leaders lists incorrect predictions of sudden world economic collapse, war or depression in 1956, 1961–1970, 1972, 1975–1992, and 1994–2011.

Apart from the numerous failed predictions are claimed some successful predictions or proposals: the eventual reunification of Germany, the Star Wars initiative, the New Silk Road (claimed as a precursor to the Chinese One Belt One Road initiative.)

Movement

Main article: LaRouche movement

Estimates of the size of LaRouche's movement have varied over the years; most say there is a core membership of 500 to 2,000. The estimated 600 members in 1978 paid monthly dues of $24. Johnson wrote in 1983 that both the Fusion Energy Foundation and the National Democratic Policy Committee had attracted some 20,000 members, as well as 300,000 magazine subscribers.

According to Christopher Toumey, LaRouche's charismatic authority within the movement was grounded on members' belief that he possessed a unique level of insight and expertise. He identified an emotionally charged issue, conducted in-depth research into it, and then proposed a simplistic solution, which usually involved restructuring of the economy or national security apparatus. He and the membership portrayed anyone opposing him as immoral and part of the conspiracy.

Description as a cult

The LaRouche movement has been described as a cult or cult-like by critics and anti-cult organizations.

A 1987 article by John Mintz in The Washington Post reported that members of the LaRouche movement lived hand-to-mouth in crowded apartments, with their basic needs paid for by the movement. They worked raising money or selling newspapers for LaRouche, doing research for him, or singing in a group choir, spending almost every waking hour together.

The group is known for its caustic attacks on opponents and former members. It has justified what it calls "psywar techniques" as necessary to shake people up; Johnson in 1983 quoted a LaRouche associate: "We're not very nice, so we're hated. Why be nice? It's a cruel world. We're in a war and the human race is up for grabs". Charles Tate, a former LaRouche associate, told The Washington Post in 1987 that members see themselves as exempt from the ordinary laws of society: "They feel that the continued existence of the human race is totally dependent on what they do in the organization, that nobody would be here without LaRouche. They feel justified in a peculiar way doing anything whatsoever."

Death

LaRouche's death was announced on the website of one of his organizations. He died on February 12, 2019, at age 96. Neither the place nor cause of his death was specified.

Publications

References

  1. ^ Severo, Richard (February 13, 2019). "Lyndon LaRouche, Cult Figure Who Ran for President 8 Times, Dies at 96". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
  2. "Cult Leaders Use Mind Control". Tulsa World. March 14, 1993. Archived from the original on December 7, 2019. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
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  7. ^ Smith, Timothy R. (February 13, 2019). "Lyndon LaRouche Jr., conspiracy theorist and presidential candidate, dies at 96". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 30, 2022. He built a political organization often likened to a cult and ran for president eight times, once while in prison for mail fraud.
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  21. For the parents' religions and other details, see Witt 2004, p. 3, and King 1989, p. 4.
  22. For "years of hell" and bullying, see LaRouche 1979, pp. 38–39.
  23. For spending time alone and identifying with philosophers, see LaRouche 1979, pp. 55, 58.
  24. For the particular philosophers he read, see LaRouche 1987, p. 17.
  25. For his graduation, see Tong 1994.
  26. For his father's expulsion, see King 1989, pp. 5–6.
  27. For an entry mentioning LaRouche in Quaker records, see Stattler, Richard. "Guide to the Records of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in New England" Archived September 23, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Rhode Island Historical Society, 1997, p. 92.
  28. ^ Witt 2004, p. 3
  29. King 1989, p. 6
  30. LaRouche 1987, pp. 37–38
  31. LaRouche 1987, pp. 36–37
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  33. For his work as a management consultant, see LaRouche 1979, p. 4.
  34. King 1989, pp. 8–9.
  35. ^ Wohlforth, undated.
  36. King 1989, p. 9.
  37. LaRouche 1970.
  38. ^ Lewers, Bill (2013). A Voter's Journey. Xlibris Corporation. p. 200. ISBN 978-1483686776. Archived from the original on May 28, 2022. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
  39. Fraser, Steve. "NCLC Frame Up", Great Speckled Bird, February 22, 1971.
  40. Also see LaRouche 1987, p. 116.
  41. The NCLC was at first called the SDS (Students for a Democratic Society) Labor Committee.
  42. For LaRouche's teaching, see King 1989, pp. 13–14.
  43. King 1989, pp. 17–18.
  44. Also see Rose, Gregory F. "The Swarmy Life and Times of the NCLC", National Review, March 30, 1979.
  45. Mintz 1985a.
  46. For members giving up their jobs, see Montgomery, January 20, 1974 Archived March 18, 2020, at the Wayback Machine
  47. For members giving up their jobs, see: Witt, October 24, 2004, p. 3 Archived November 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  48. Johnson 1983, p. 189.
  49. "LaRouche Says His Supporters Take Covert Roles in Campaign" Archived July 22, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, February 15, 1980: "Lyndon H. LaRouche, the former head of the U.S. Labor Party who is now running as a Democrat, has said that his campaign workers impersonate reporters and others, contending that the covert operation is needed for his security."
    • Other publications included International Journal of Fusion, Investigative Leads, War on Drugs, The Young Scientist, American Labor Beacon, New Federalist, Nouvelle Solidarité, and Neue Solidarität.
  50. Lynch, Pat. "Is Lyndon LaRouche using your name?", Columbia Journalism Review, March–April 1985, pp. 42–46.
  51. For Bailey's comment in 1984, see Copulus 1984.
  52. Douglas Foster (January 1982). "Teamster Madness". Mother Jones. p. 30. Archived from the original on October 17, 2015. Retrieved June 17, 2015.
  53. For psywar techniques, see Johnson 1983, p. 190.
  54. For Alexander, Alexander 1991, p. 948.
  55. Copulus 1984, pp. 2–3.
    • Other groups included the International Caucus of Labor Committees, the Club of Life, the Committee for a Fair Election, the Humanist Academy, the International Workingman's Defense Fund, the Lafayette Academy for the Arts and Sciences, the LaRouche Campaign, the National Anti-Drug Coalition, the National Unemployed and Welfare Rights Organization, and the Revolutionary Youth Movement.
    • For more on the companies, see Mintz, January 13, 1985 Archived August 17, 2017, at the Wayback Machine.
  56. LaRouche 1987, p. 117.
  57. For the name "Operation Mop-Up", see Montgomery, January 20, 1974 Archived March 18, 2020, at the Wayback Machine.
  58. For the Village Voice, see Hentoff, January 24, 1974 Archived October 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, pp. 8, 10, and for its discussion of the New Solidarity editorial, see p. 30.
  59. Also see Alexander 1991, p. 946.
  60. For the description of the assaults, see Montgomery, January 20, 1974 Archived March 18, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, and Hentoff, January 24, 1974 Archived October 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, pp. 8, 10, 30.
  61. For the number of assaults, see Alexander 1991, p. 947.
  62. For the arrests, see King 1989, pp. 23–24.
  63. Also see Clines, October 11, 1973 Archived July 22, 2018, at the Wayback Machine.
  64. For no convictions see Mintz, September 20, 1987 Archived November 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  65. For LaRouche saying he acted in self-defence, see Witt, October 24, 2004, p. 3 Archived November 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  66. Perlman 1984.
  67. Lerman 1988, p. 212.
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  72. Also see Rose, Gregory F. "The Swarmy Life and Times of the NCLC", National Review, March 30, 1979
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  74. Kenney, February 17, 1980 Archived November 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  75. Blum, October 7, 1979 Archived July 22, 2018, at the Wayback Machine.
  76. For Mitchell Werbell saying he had ties to the CIA, see Montgomery, October 8, 1979 Archived July 22, 2018, at the Wayback Machine.
  77. LaRouche hired WerBell as a security consultant for protection against an assassination threat and to train his security staff; see Donner & Rothenberg 1980.
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  79. Marcus, L. (Lyndon LaRouche). "Beyond Psychoanalysis" Archived July 18, 2011, at the Wayback Machine, The Campaigner, Vol 6, Nos. 3–4; September/October 1973.
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  81. Also see Witt, October 24, 2004, p. 3 Archived November 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  82. Tourish & Wohlforth 2000, p. 74.
  83. For the Weitzman details, see Montgomery, January 20, 1974 Archived March 18, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, p. 1; for 41 press releases about brainwashing, see p. 51, column 2.
  84. Johnson 1989
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     • Spiro, Peter (February 6, 1984). "Paranoid Politics: Your tax dollars at work". The New Republic. pp. 10–12.
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  87. For Gregory Rose's position, see Johnson 1983, p. 204.
  88. Johnson 1983, p. 207.
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    • LaRouche's promotion of space colonization included dealings with German scientists and engineers who had worked under the Nazi government during the Second World War, some of whom had emigrated to the U.S. and had ended up working for NASA. They included Arthur Rudolph and several other Peenemunde rocket experts, such as Krafft Arnold Ehricke, Adolf Busemann, Konrad Dannenberg, and Hermann Oberth. When Rudolph was forced to renounce his U.S. citizenship after an investigation into his past, LaRouche supporters formed a defense fund for him. LaRouche also collaborated with Ehricke on ideas about the colonization of the moon and Mars; after Ehricke's death, LaRouche sponsored the "Krafft Ehricke Memorial Conference," and in 1988 delivered a national TV broadcast titled "The Woman on Mars."
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  213. For the empiricists, see also Robins & Post 1997, p. 196.
  214. For the list of friends and foes, see Johnson 1983, pp. 22, 188, 192–193, 198
  215. For LaRouche's comment about the conspirators not needing to be in touch with each other, see Johnson 1983, p. 198.
  216. Atkins 2011, p. 108.
  217. For Rosenfeld in The Washington Post, see Rosenfeld, September 24, 1976 Archived November 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  218. "Lyndon LaRouche, perennial presidential candidate, dead at 96". Fox News. February 13, 2019. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  219. "'Prophet: Debt crisis a new world order plot". Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  220. "Lyndon LaRouche Jr., conspiracy theorist and presidential candidate, dies at 96". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  221. For example, see Rosenfeld 1976; Horowitz 1981; Lerman 1988; Griffin & Feldman 2003, p. 144; and Blamires 2006.
  222. In German: "Wir brauchen eine Bewegung, die Deutschland endlich aus der Kontrolle der Kräfte von Versailles und Jalta befreit, die uns schon ein ganzes Jahrhundert lang von einer Katastrophe in die andere stürzt."
  223. "Tod auf der Straße". Berliner Zeitung (in German). Berlineonline.de. October 23, 2008. Archived from the original on October 29, 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2014. Article title in English is "Death on the Streets".
  224. Samuels, Tim. "Jeremiah Duggan's death and Lyndon LaRouche," Newsnight, February 12, 2004.
  225. Montgomery 1979.
  226. Copulus 1984, p. 4, footnote 5.
  227. Also see Binder, Sarah. "Commonwealth candidates cause concern" Archived October 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, The Canadian Press, September 1, 1984.
  228. For the drug lobby quote, see McLaughlin, April 11, 1986 Archived October 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
  229. Also see "LaRouche alleges conspiracy from Moscow to White House", Associated Press, April 19, 1986.
  230. "LaRouche, September 17, 2006". Archived from the original on October 22, 2006. Retrieved October 22, 2006..
  231. Lerman 1988, p. 213.
  232. Johnson 1989, p. 2.
  233. Pipes 1997, pp. 137, 142.
  234. "Neo-Nazism". Archived from the original on May 2, 2019. Retrieved April 25, 2019.
  235. Manning 1998.
  236. George & Wilcox 1992, pp. 317, 322.
  237. The book has the puff: "American Economist Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr., has been right in his long-range economic and related forecasts – in contrast to virtually all other economists and political leaders, who have been simply wrong." Vernadsky, Vladimir; Larouche, Lyndon (February 16, 2018). (Book sales page). Independently Published. ISBN 978-1980307884.
  238. Black Monday of 1987 occurred, however LaRouche's actual statements in advance were to refer lukewarmly to predictions made by unnamed "leading European financial officials" "The "Financial Crash/Economic Depression"". laroucheplanet. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  239. ^ "The "Financial Crash/Economic Depression"". laroucheplanet. Archived from the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  240. In 1974 Larouche said the NCLC had 1,000 members and his other organizations 1,000 to 2,000; see Valentine, Paul W. (February 25, 1974), "NCLC Fights a Psychic War Against CIA and Left Rivals", The Capital Times (Madison, Wis.): pp. 22–23.
  241. For 20,000 members in the Fusion Energy Foundation and National Democratic Policy Committee, and 300,000 magazine subscribers, see Johnson 1983, p. 191.
  242. In 1987 John Mintz of the Washington Post wrote that there more than 500 members worldwide; see Mintz, September 20, 1987.
  243. In 2004 The Washington Post estimated that the LaRouche Youth Movement had hundreds of members in the U.S. and more abroad; see Witt 2004.
  244. Toumey 1996, p. 86
  245. Mintz, September 20, 1987; see above.
  246. Smith, Timothy R. (February 13, 2019). "Lyndon LaRouche Jr. – conspiracy theorist, presidential candidate and longtime Virginian – dies". Richmond Times-Dispatch. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on February 14, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
  247. The LaRouche movement was treated in a series on cults in the Washington Post in 1985, in company with for example the Rajneesh movement (Orange People)John Mintz. "Ideological Odyssey: From Old Left to Far Right". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 13, 2004. Retrieved July 6, 2004.
  248. "The cult and the candidate". Independent.co.uk. July 20, 2004. Archived from the original on May 28, 2011. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  249. "But in Germany, they are seen as a political cult – and a potentially dangerous one" "Lyndon LaRouche Is Running A Pro-China Party In Germany". Foreign Policy. September 18, 2017. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019.
  250. ^ Mintz, September 20, 1987 Archived November 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  251. Johnson 1983, pp. 191–192.

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