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{{Short description|Suburb of Chennai, India}} | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}} | ||
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}} | {{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}} | ||
{{More citations needed|date=August 2022}} | |||
<!-- See ] for details -->{{Infobox settlement | <!-- See ] for details -->{{Infobox settlement | ||
| name |
| name = Poonamallee | ||
| other_name |
| other_name = Poovirundhavalli | ||
| settlement_type |
| settlement_type = Neighbourhood | ||
| image_skyline |
| image_skyline = West Chennai aerial 2.jpg | ||
| image_alt |
| image_alt = | ||
| image_caption |
| image_caption = An aerial view of Poovirundhavalli | ||
| nickname |
| nickname = Poovai | ||
| image_map = | | image_map = | ||
| map_alt = | |||
| |
| map_caption = | ||
| |
| pushpin_map = India Chennai#Tamil Nadu#India | ||
| pushpin_label_position = right | |||
| pushpin_map = India Chennai#Tamil Nadu#India | |||
| pushpin_map_alt = | |||
| pushpin_label_position = right | |||
| pushpin_map_caption = Poonamallee (Chennai) | |||
| pushpin_map_alt = | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|13.047300|N|80.094500|E|display=inline,title}} | |||
| pushpin_map_caption = Poovirundhavalli(Chennai) | |||
| subdivision_type = Country | |||
| coordinates = {{coord|13.05|N|80.11|E|display=inline,title}} | |||
| subdivision_name = India | |||
| subdivision_type = Country | |||
| subdivision_type1 = ] | |||
| subdivision_name = India | |||
| subdivision_name1 = ] | |||
| subdivision_type1 = ] | |||
| subdivision_type2 = District | |||
| subdivision_name1 = ] | |||
| subdivision_name2 = ] | |||
| subdivision_type2 = District | |||
| subdivision_type3 = ] | |||
| subdivision_name2 = ] | |||
| subdivision_name3 = ] | |||
| subdivision_type3 = ] | |||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> | |||
| subdivision_name3 = ] | |||
| established_date = | |||
| established_title = <!-- Established --> | |||
| |
| founder = | ||
| |
| named_for = | ||
| government_type = Municipality | |||
| named_for = | |||
| |
| governing_body = Municipality | ||
| |
| unit_pref = Metric | ||
| |
| area_footnotes = | ||
| |
| area_rank = | ||
| |
| area_total_km2 = 6.07 | ||
| elevation_footnotes = | |||
| area_total_km2 = 13.65 | |||
| |
| elevation_m = 47 | ||
| population_total = 57224 | |||
| elevation_m = 25 | |||
| population_as_of = 2011 | |||
| population_total = 57224 | |||
| population_rank = | |||
| population_as_of = 2011 | |||
| population_density_km2 = auto | |||
| population_rank = | |||
| population_demonym = | |||
| population_density_km2 = auto | |||
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Citeweb|title= Poonamallee municipality|url= https://www.tnurbantree.tn.gov.in/poonamallee/#:~:text=Poonamallee%20Municipality%20is%20situated%20in,m%20radius.}}</ref> | |||
| population_demonym = | |||
| demographics_type1 = Languages | |||
| population_footnotes = | |||
| demographics1_title1 = Official | |||
| demographics_type1 = Languages | |||
| demographics1_info1 = ] | |||
| demographics1_title1 = Official | |||
| |
| timezone1 = ] | ||
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | |||
| timezone1 = ] | |||
| postal_code_type = ] | |||
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 | |||
| |
| postal_code = 600 056 | ||
| area_code_type = Telephone code | |||
| postal_code = 600 056 | |||
| |
| area_code = 044 | ||
| registration_plate = TN 12 (RTO, Poovirundhavalli) | |||
| area_code = 044 | |||
| |
| website = | ||
| |
| footnotes = | ||
| footnotes = | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Poonamallee''' |
'''Poonamallee''' is a town and suburb of ], ] under the ]. It was historically called ''Pushpagirimangalam'', later renamed in Tamil as ''Poovirundhavalli'' ({{IPA-ta|puːʋiɾɯn̪daʋalli|lang}}), and now colloquially called as ''Poondhamalli''. It is the headquarters of the ] of the ] district in the ]n ] of ]. The nearest Railway station is at Avadi. It acts as the gateway to the city from its western side. It is a town with rich cultural heritage and also a fast-growing areas in the city. As of 2011, the town had a population of 57,224. There are plans to merge the areas under Poonamallee Municipality with Avadi Municipal Corporation. It is an immediate neighbour of ] and a part of the ]. | ||
== Location == | == Location == | ||
The town of Poonamallee is situated at a distance of 23 km from ] and |
The town of Poonamallee is situated at a distance of 23 km from ] and 21 km from ] on the Chennai-] highway and 12 km from ] on Chennai Outer Ring Road. It is located at the end of the ], ] and ], 17 km from ] and 13 km from ] on the Chennai bypass. The nearest ] is at ] and ] which is nine km away and ] on the ] of the ] which is 18 km away. It is also an important halting point for buses starting from ] and going towards ], ], ], and other cities. | ||
== Etymology == | == Etymology == | ||
The name "Poonamallee" |
The name "Poonamallee" is derived from the Tamil phrase "poo irundha alli", which means "flower pond".<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-09-16 |title=Twists of tongue give new meaning to old streets |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/twists-of-tongue-give-new-meaning-to-old-streets/articleshow/22609610.cms |access-date=2024-05-13 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Saint Thirukatchi nambi in his last days suffered from aged illness and due to his service to Lord varadha of kanchi interrupted. But he tried hard to reach kanchi and on seeing this lord varadha along with Lord of Srirangam and Thirupathi appeared before him and gave darshan. It is also the birthplace of him. This place is also called "Lakshmipuram" and Ulagu Vuyya Konda Cholapuram. | ||
== |
== History == | ||
Poonamallee is believed to be the birthplace of Thirukatchi Nambigal, a staunch devotee of Varadaraja Perumal. Thirukatchi Nambigal was one of the gurus for Acharya Ramanujar. He advised Ramanuja to visit ] and learn the 'Sacred 8 letter hymn' - Ashtakshara manthra from Thirukoshtiyur Nambigal at ]. There is an ancient temple for ] with his consort, Pushpakavalli Thayar at Poonamallee. It is also known as Arulaperumal. | |||
''Poonamallee'' (an anglicised version, also ''Púnamallu'' and ''Pondamalai'') is a town and former military cantonment located in the Saidapet taluk of Chengalpattu district (formerly Chingleput district) in the ] (modern ]). | |||
There is also another temple, a medium-sized one, here for Lord Vaidyanathaswami with His Consort Thaiyal Nayagi. He is known as Theera Vinai Theertha Perumal. Poonamallee is famous for its Siva temple which has three inscriptions dating to the 18th century AD.<ref name="antiquep175">{{cite book|title=Lists of the Antiquarian Remains in the Presidency of Madras, Volume 1|author=Robert Sewell|year=1882|publisher=Government of Madras|pages=175}}</ref> there are three Old Traditional C churches and a mosque was built and completed by Rustom, son of Dhulfiquer of Astrabad, a servant of Nawab Jumlat-ul-mulk. A Persian inscription dated 1653 AD, found in the mosque reveals this information." There is also a Muhammedan fort nearby.<ref name="antiquep175" /> There is also old cemetery in Poonamallee, which is the resting place of many British missionaries. The bus stop next to the cemetery says Kallarai, which is the Tamil word for cemetery. | |||
Historically, Poonamallee played a significant role during the ]. The old fort, which no longer exists, was a key military stronghold during this period. | |||
In the late 19th century, Poonamallee served as a convalescent depot for British troops stationed across the Madras Presidency and Burma, primarily due to its healthy climate. A hospital with 90 beds was built on the site of the old fort. The fort was eventually levelled to make way for these medical facilities. | |||
The town also had administrative importance during the British period, with a resident Magistrate and District Munsif. Additionally, Poonamallee was home to a significant number of European pensioners, mainly retired military personnel.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hunter |first1=William Wilson |title=Imperial gazetteer of India. |date=1886 |publisher=Trübner & co. |location=London |page=241 |edition=2 |url=https://archive.org/details/imperialgazettee11hunt_0/page/240/mode/2up}}</ref> | |||
== Demographics == | == Demographics == | ||
{{bar box|title=Religious census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|]|Orange|75.88}}{{bar percent|]|Green|13.34}}{{bar percent|]| |
{{bar box|title=Religious census|titlebar=#ddd|left1=Religion|right1=Percent(%)|float=left|bars={{bar percent|]|Orange|75.88}}{{bar percent|]|Green|13.34}}{{bar percent|]|blue|9.03}}{{bar percent|]|yellow|0.02}}{{bar percent|]|Gold|0.02}}{{bar percent|]|Blue|0.29}}{{bar percent|Other|grey|1.41}}{{bar percent|]|violet|0.01}}}} | ||
{{Historical populations | {{Historical populations | ||
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== Administration == | == Administration == | ||
Poonamallee is governed by Municipality of Poonamallee, coming under the ]. |
Poonamallee is governed by Municipality of Poonamallee, coming under the ]. Poonamallee Municipality is situated in the West ] of Tamil Nadu in Thiruvallur District. This town is surrounded with infrastructural facilities and it is near to visit Chennai Metropolitan Bus Terminal (CMBT). The town's traffic is managed by the Avadi Traffic Police (ATP). The town's police comes directly under ] department. The town elects 1 ] to the state legislature and comes under ] Parliamentary constituency. The town is famous for its 8 courts including the special courts for bomb blasts. It has gained importance since this court system dealt with the assassination of former Indian Prime Minister ]. | ||
'''RTO''': Poonamallee comes under RTO-Poonamallee (TN-12). It is one of the largest RTO in Tamil Nadu in terms of vehicle registered. Previously it was under Tiruvallur RTO (TN20). | |||
'''RTO''': | |||
Poonamalee comes under RTO-Poonamalee (TN-12). | |||
It is one of the largest RTO in Tamil Nadu in terms of vehicle registered. | |||
Previously it was under Tiruvallur RTO (TN20Y). | |||
==Politics== | ==Politics== | ||
Poonamallee assembly constituency is part of ].<ref>{{cite web | ] is part of ].<ref>{{cite web | ||
|url = http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf | |url = http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S22/TN_ACPC.pdf | ||
|title = List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies | |title = List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies | ||
Line 112: | Line 116: | ||
|archive-date = 2006-05-04 | |archive-date = 2006-05-04 | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
The Current MLA For Poonamallee Constituency is |
The Current MLA For Poonamallee Constituency is A. Krishnaswamy (DMK) from 2021 May. | ||
The Current MP |
The Current MP is K. Jayakumar (INC) from 2019 May. | ||
==City== | |||
===Landmarks=== | |||
Poonamallee is home to ]. The neighbourhood has a ] temple which has three inscriptions dating to the 18th century CE.<ref name="antiquep175">{{cite book|title=Lists of the Antiquarian Remains in the Presidency of Madras, Volume 1|author=Robert Sewell|year=1882|publisher=Government of Madras|pages=175}}</ref> there are three old traditional Catholic churches and a mosque was built and completed by Rustom, son of Dhulfiquer of Astrabad, a servant of Nawab Jumlat-ul-mulk. A Persian inscription dated 1653 CE, found in the mosque reveals this information. There is also a Muhammedan fort nearby.<ref name="antiquep175" /> There is also old cemetery in Poonamallee, which is the resting place of many British missionaries. The bus stop next to the cemetery says Kallarai, which is the Tamil word for cemetery. | |||
==Educational institutions== | ==Educational institutions== | ||
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* ] | * ] | ||
* ] | * ] | ||
* Apollo Arts & Science College | * Apollo Arts & Science College | ||
* Iqueue Technologies | * Iqueue Technologies | ||
* Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology | |||
* Sastha Engineering College | * Sastha Engineering College | ||
===Schools=== | ===Schools=== | ||
* ] | |||
Some of the popular schools in Poonamallee are : | |||
* Apollo Vidyashram. | |||
* Arignar Anna Government Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Christ Matriculation Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Daniel Matriculation School. | |||
* Holy Crescent Matriculation Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Jeya Jeya Sankara International school. | |||
* Joy Bell Matriculation School. | |||
* Kalashetra Matriculation Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Karthik Matriculation School, Ambal Nagar. | |||
* New St.Joseph's Matriculation Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Pencil park school of Arts, Nambi Nagar. | |||
* Sarojini Varadappan Girls Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Sathya Matriculation School. | |||
* Sri Rani Bai Matriculation school. | |||
* St.Joseph's Matriculation Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Sundar Matriculation Higher Secondary School. | |||
* Thiruvalluvar Middle School, Nambi Nagar. | |||
* Velammal Vidyalaya, Senneer kuppam. | |||
== Hospitals == | |||
* Be Well Hospital | |||
* Mangalam Hospital | |||
* Ezhil Clinic | |||
* Government Hospital | |||
* Champa Clinic | |||
* Poovai Clinic | |||
* Thayammal hospital | |||
* Kamala Clinic - Dr. Kabilan M.B.B.S., M.D.(Pediatrics) {Situated next to Sarojini Varadappan Girls high school} | |||
==Entertainment== | |||
* Apollo Vidyashram | |||
===Cinema Theatres=== | |||
* Christ Matriculation Higher Secondary School | |||
*Sundar Theatre (old), Gokulam Pavilion (New) | |||
* Daniel Matriculation School | |||
*Malliga Theatre | |||
* Government ADW Higher Secondary School | |||
*SB Cinemas | |||
* Holy Crescent Matriculation Higher Secondary School | |||
*Vigneshwara Theatre | |||
* Jeya Jeya Sankara International School | |||
* Joy Bell Matriculation School | |||
* Kalashetra Matriculation Higher Secondary School | |||
* Karthik Matriculation School, Ambal Nagar | |||
* New St. Joseph's Matriculation Higher Secondary School | |||
* Pencil Park School of Arts, Nambi Nagar | |||
* Sarojini Varadappan Girls Higher Secondary School | |||
* Sathya Matriculation School | |||
* Sri Rani Bai Matriculation school | |||
* St. Joseph's Matriculation Higher Secondary School | |||
* Sundar Matriculation Higher Secondary School | |||
* Thiruvalluvar Middle School, Nambi Nagar | |||
* Velammal Vidyalaya, Senneer Kuppam | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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] | ] | ||
] | |||
] | ] |
Latest revision as of 11:25, 25 December 2024
Suburb of Chennai, India
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Poonamallee Poovirundhavalli | |
---|---|
Neighbourhood | |
An aerial view of Poovirundhavalli | |
Nickname: Poovai | |
PoonamalleePoonamallee (Chennai)Show map of ChennaiPoonamalleePoonamallee (Tamil Nadu)Show map of Tamil NaduPoonamalleePoonamallee (India)Show map of India | |
Coordinates: 13°02′50″N 80°05′40″E / 13.047300°N 80.094500°E / 13.047300; 80.094500 | |
Country | India |
State | Tamil Nadu |
District | Tiruvallur |
Metro | Chennai |
Government | |
• Type | Municipality |
• Body | Municipality |
Area | |
• Total | 6.07 km (2.34 sq mi) |
Elevation | 47 m (154 ft) |
Population | |
• Total | 57,224 |
• Density | 9,400/km (24,000/sq mi) |
Languages | |
• Official | Tamil |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 600 056 |
Telephone code | 044 |
Vehicle registration | TN 12 (RTO, Poovirundhavalli) |
Poonamallee is a town and suburb of Chennai, India under the Chennai Metropolitan Area. It was historically called Pushpagirimangalam, later renamed in Tamil as Poovirundhavalli (Tamil: [puːʋiɾɯn̪daʋalli]), and now colloquially called as Poondhamalli. It is the headquarters of the Poonamallee taluk of the Tiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The nearest Railway station is at Avadi. It acts as the gateway to the city from its western side. It is a town with rich cultural heritage and also a fast-growing areas in the city. As of 2011, the town had a population of 57,224. There are plans to merge the areas under Poonamallee Municipality with Avadi Municipal Corporation. It is an immediate neighbour of Chennai city and a part of the Chennai Metropolitan Area.
Location
The town of Poonamallee is situated at a distance of 23 km from Fort St George and 21 km from Sriperumbudur on the Chennai-Bangalore highway and 12 km from Thiruninravur on Chennai Outer Ring Road. It is located at the end of the Mount-Poonamallee Road, Poonamalle High Road and Pallavaram-Kundrathur-Poonamallee Road, 17 km from Guindy and 13 km from Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus on the Chennai bypass. The nearest railway station is at Avadi and Thiruninravur which is nine km away and Pallavaram Railway Station on the South Line of the Chennai Suburban Railway which is 18 km away. It is also an important halting point for buses starting from Chennai Mofussil Bus Terminus and going towards Tirupati, Kanchipuram, Vellore, and other cities.
Etymology
The name "Poonamallee" is derived from the Tamil phrase "poo irundha alli", which means "flower pond". Saint Thirukatchi nambi in his last days suffered from aged illness and due to his service to Lord varadha of kanchi interrupted. But he tried hard to reach kanchi and on seeing this lord varadha along with Lord of Srirangam and Thirupathi appeared before him and gave darshan. It is also the birthplace of him. This place is also called "Lakshmipuram" and Ulagu Vuyya Konda Cholapuram.
History
Poonamallee (an anglicised version, also Púnamallu and Pondamalai) is a town and former military cantonment located in the Saidapet taluk of Chengalpattu district (formerly Chingleput district) in the Madras Presidency (modern Tamil Nadu).
Historically, Poonamallee played a significant role during the Carnatic Wars. The old fort, which no longer exists, was a key military stronghold during this period.
In the late 19th century, Poonamallee served as a convalescent depot for British troops stationed across the Madras Presidency and Burma, primarily due to its healthy climate. A hospital with 90 beds was built on the site of the old fort. The fort was eventually levelled to make way for these medical facilities.
The town also had administrative importance during the British period, with a resident Magistrate and District Munsif. Additionally, Poonamallee was home to a significant number of European pensioners, mainly retired military personnel.
Demographics
Religious census | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Religion | Percent(%) | |||
Hindu | 75.88% | |||
Muslim | 13.34% | |||
Christian | 9.03% | |||
Sikh | 0.02% | |||
Buddhist | 0.02% | |||
Jain | 0.29% | |||
Other | 1.41% | |||
No religion | 0.01% |
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1881 | 7,670 | — |
1901 | 15,323 | +99.8% |
1911 | 16,342 | +6.7% |
1921 | 17,549 | +7.4% |
1931 | 20,340 | +15.9% |
1941 | 18,704 | −8.0% |
1951 | 20,677 | +10.5% |
1981 | 23,667 | +14.5% |
1991 | 28,827 | +21.8% |
2001 | 42,604 | +47.8% |
2011 | 57,224 | +34.3% |
Sources:
|
According to 2011 census, Poonamallee had a population of 57,224 with a sex-ratio of 999 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 6,496 were under the age of six, constituting 3,313 males and 3,183 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 15.24% and 0.1% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the town was 78.88%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of 14668 households. There were a total of 22,411 workers, comprising 133 cultivators, 226 main agricultural labourers, 576 in house hold industries, 18,084 other workers, 3,392 marginal workers, 29 marginal cultivators, 35 marginal agricultural labourers, 128 marginal workers in household industries and 3,200 other marginal workers. As per the religious census of 2011, Poonamallee had 75.88% Hindus, 13.34% Muslims, 9.03% Christians, 0.02% Sikhs, 0.02% Buddhists, 0.29% Jains, 1.41% following other religions and 0.01% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference.
Administration
Poonamallee is governed by Municipality of Poonamallee, coming under the Thiruvallur district. Poonamallee Municipality is situated in the West Chennai of Tamil Nadu in Thiruvallur District. This town is surrounded with infrastructural facilities and it is near to visit Chennai Metropolitan Bus Terminal (CMBT). The town's traffic is managed by the Avadi Traffic Police (ATP). The town's police comes directly under Chennai Metropolitan Police department. The town elects 1 MLA to the state legislature and comes under Thiruvallur Parliamentary constituency. The town is famous for its 8 courts including the special courts for bomb blasts. It has gained importance since this court system dealt with the assassination of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi.
RTO: Poonamallee comes under RTO-Poonamallee (TN-12). It is one of the largest RTO in Tamil Nadu in terms of vehicle registered. Previously it was under Tiruvallur RTO (TN20).
Politics
Poonamallee assembly constituency is part of Thiruvallur (Lok Sabha constituency). The Current MLA For Poonamallee Constituency is A. Krishnaswamy (DMK) from 2021 May. The Current MP is K. Jayakumar (INC) from 2019 May.
City
Landmarks
Poonamallee is home to Varadaraja Perumal Temple. The neighbourhood has a Shiva temple which has three inscriptions dating to the 18th century CE. there are three old traditional Catholic churches and a mosque was built and completed by Rustom, son of Dhulfiquer of Astrabad, a servant of Nawab Jumlat-ul-mulk. A Persian inscription dated 1653 CE, found in the mosque reveals this information. There is also a Muhammedan fort nearby. There is also old cemetery in Poonamallee, which is the resting place of many British missionaries. The bus stop next to the cemetery says Kallarai, which is the Tamil word for cemetery.
Educational institutions
Colleges
- Alpha College of Engineering
- Apollo Engineering College
- Panimalar Engineering College
- SKR Engineering College
- Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology
- Sri Muthukumaran Institute of Technology
- Apollo Arts & Science College
- Iqueue Technologies
- Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology
- Sastha Engineering College
Schools
- Apollo Vidyashram
- Christ Matriculation Higher Secondary School
- Daniel Matriculation School
- Government ADW Higher Secondary School
- Holy Crescent Matriculation Higher Secondary School
- Jeya Jeya Sankara International School
- Joy Bell Matriculation School
- Kalashetra Matriculation Higher Secondary School
- Karthik Matriculation School, Ambal Nagar
- New St. Joseph's Matriculation Higher Secondary School
- Pencil Park School of Arts, Nambi Nagar
- Sarojini Varadappan Girls Higher Secondary School
- Sathya Matriculation School
- Sri Rani Bai Matriculation school
- St. Joseph's Matriculation Higher Secondary School
- Sundar Matriculation Higher Secondary School
- Thiruvalluvar Middle School, Nambi Nagar
- Velammal Vidyalaya, Senneer Kuppam
References
- "Poonamallee municipality".
- "Twists of tongue give new meaning to old streets". The Times of India. 16 September 2013. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
- Hunter, William Wilson (1886). Imperial gazetteer of India (2 ed.). London: Trübner & co. p. 241.
- ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Poonamallee". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
- "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Tamil Nadu. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 8 October 2008.
- ^ Robert Sewell (1882). Lists of the Antiquarian Remains in the Presidency of Madras, Volume 1. Government of Madras. p. 175.
External links
Tiruvallur district | ||
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District headquarters | ||
Country | ||
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History | ||
Places of interest |
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