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{{Short description|Canadian-American actor (1948–1998)}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=December 2016}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2016}}
{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
| image = Phil as Chick-1-1.jpg | name = Phil Hartman
| image = Phil as Chick-1-1.jpg
| alt = A portrait photo of a man looking side-ways on at the camera with a serious expression on his face. He has a red rimmed hat on, a brown jacket, a gold and red shirt and a button was a man's face on it.
| image_upright = 1
| caption = Phil Hartman in character as Chick Hazard, Private Eye, circa 1978.
| caption = Hartman in character as Chick Hazard, Private Eye, {{circa|1978}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1948|9|24|mf=y}}
| birth_name = Philip Edward Hartmann
| birth_place = ], ], Canada
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1998|5|28|1948|9|24}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|1948|9|24}}
| birth_place = ], Canada
| death_place = ], ],<br />United States
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1998|5|28|1948|9|24}}
| birth_name = Philip Edward Hartmann
| death_place = ], California, U.S.
| occupation = Actor, voice actor, comedian, graphic artist, screenwriter
| death_cause = ]
| spouse = Gretchen Lewis (1970–unknown)<br />Lisa Strain (1982–1985)<br />Brynn Omdahl (1987–1998)
| resting_place =
| children = Sean Edward Wright (b.1989) <br> Birgen Anika Wright (b.1992)
| citizenship = {{hlist|Canada|United States}}
| resting_place = Ashes scattered over ]'s Emerald Bay
| alma_mater = ] (])
| years_active = 1975–1998
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|comedian|screenwriter|graphic designer}}
| years_active = 1969–1998
| notable_works =
| television = '']''
| spouse = {{unbulleted list
| {{marriage|Gretchen Lewis|1970|1972|reason=divorced}}
| {{marriage|Lisa Strain|1982|1985|reason=divorced}}
| {{marriage|Brynn Omdahl|1987}}
}}
| children = 2
}} }}
'''Philip Edward "Phil" Hartman''' (September 24, 1948 – May 28, 1998) was a ]-born ]n ], ], ], and ]. Born in ], ], Hartman and his family immigrated to the United States when he was ten. After graduating from ] with a degree in graphic arts, he designed album covers for bands like ] and ]. Feeling the need for a more creative outlet, Hartman joined the comedy group ] in 1975 and there helped comedian ] develop his character ]. Hartman co-wrote the screenplay for the film '']'' and made recurring appearances on Reubens' show '']''.


'''Philip Edward Hartman''' ({{né|'''Hartmann'''}}; September&nbsp;24, 1948&nbsp;– May&nbsp;28, 1998) was a Canadian-American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and graphic designer. Hartman was born in ], and his family moved to the United States when he was ten years old. After graduating from ], with a degree in graphic arts, he designed album covers for bands including ] and ]. In 1975, Hartman joined the comedy group ], where he helped ] develop his character ]. Hartman co-wrote the film '']'' and made recurring appearances as Captain Carl on Reubens' show '']''.
Hartman became well-known in the late 1980s when he joined the sketch comedy show '']''. He won fame for his impressions, particularly of President ], and stayed on the show for eight seasons. Called "the Glue" for his ability to hold the show together and help other cast members, Hartman won a ] for his ''SNL'' work in 1989. In 1995, after scrapping plans for his own variety show, he starred as Bill McNeal in the ] ] '']''. He also had frequent roles on '']'' as ], ] and others, and appeared in the films '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']''.


In 1986, Hartman joined the ] sketch comedy show '']'' (''SNL'') as a ], and stayed for eight seasons until 1994. Nicknamed "Glue" for his ability to hold the show together and help other cast members, he won a ] for his ''SNL'' work in 1989. He also starred as Bill McNeal in the sitcom '']'', voiced ] and ] on '']'', and appeared in supporting roles in the films '']'', '']'', '']'', and '']''.
Hartman had been divorced twice before he married Brynn (née Omdahl) in 1987; the couple had two children together. However, their marriage was fractured, due in part to Brynn's drug use. On May 28, 1998, Brynn shot and killed her husband while he slept in their ], ] home, then committed suicide several hours later. In the weeks following his death, Hartman was celebrated in a wave of tributes. Dan Snierson of '']'' opined that Hartman was "the last person you'd expect to read about in lurid headlines in your morning paper...a decidedly regular guy, beloved by everyone he worked with".

After two divorces, Hartman married Brynn Omdahl, with whom he had two children, in 1987. Their marriage was troubled due to Phil's busy work schedule and Brynn's <!--She took the surname Hartman after her marriage, thus, per https://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Biography#People_with_the_same_surname , is referred to as "Brynn" from now on.--> drug and alcohol abuse. In 1998, while Phil was sleeping in his bed, Brynn shot and killed him, and later killed herself. In the weeks following his murder, Hartman was celebrated in a wave of tributes. Dan Snierson of '']'' wrote that Hartman was "the last person you'd expect to read about in lurid headlines in your morning paper ... a decidedly regular guy, beloved by everyone he worked with".<ref name="ew"/> He was posthumously inducted into the ] and ] Walks of Fame in 2012 and 2014, respectively.


==Early life== ==Early life==
].]] ]]]
Hartman was born Philip Edward Hartmann (later dropping the final "n")<ref name="cbs profile"/> in ], ], ] on September 24, 1948.<ref name="bookof"/><ref name="atlanta">{{cite news|title=Phil Hartman: An appreciation - He became anybody he wanted|date=1998-05-29|author=V. Harris, Lyle|page=F01|work=]}}</ref> He was the fourth of eight children of Doris and Rupert Hartmann. His parents were ], and his father was a salesman specializing in building materials.<ref name="bookof"/><ref name="surface">{{cite news|first=Alex|last=Tresniowski|work=]|title=Beneath the Surface|date=1998-06-15|accessdate=2008-10-06|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20125518,00.html}}</ref><ref name="bh"/> As the middle child, Hartman found affection hard to earn. "I suppose I didn't get what I wanted out of my family life," he said, "so I started seeking love and attention elsewhere."<ref name="cbs profile"/> His family immigrated to the United States when Hartman was ten, gaining American citizenship in 1990.<ref>{{cite news|first=Tom|last=Mashberg|work=]|title=As Clinton goes, so goes Phil Hartman|date=1992-11-29}}</ref> The family first lived in ], and moved to the ] a few years later. There Hartman attended ] and frequently acted as the class clown.<ref name="cbs profile">{{cite news|work=]|title=Profile: Phil Hartman|accessdate=2008-10-19|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/1998/05/28/entertainment/main10510.shtml?source=search_story | date=1998-05-28}}</ref><ref name="bookof">{{cite book|title=The Hollywood Book of Scandals: The Shocking, Often Disgraceful Deeds and Affairs of More Than 100 American Movie and TV Idols|author=Parish, James Robert|pages=212–213|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|year=2004|isbn=0-07-142189-0}}</ref><ref name="atlanta"/> Phil Hartman was born Philip Edward Hartmann (later dropping one "n")<ref name="cbs profile"/> on September 24, 1948, in ].<ref name="bookof"/><ref name="atlanta">{{cite news |author=Harris |first=Lyle V. |date=1998-05-29 |title=Phil Hartman: An appreciation he became anybody he wanted |page=F01 |work=]}}</ref> He was the fourth of eight children of Doris Marguerite (''née'' Wardell; July&nbsp;17, 1919&nbsp;– April&nbsp;15, 2001) and Rupert Loebig Hartmann (November&nbsp;8, 1914&nbsp;– April&nbsp;30, 1998),<ref>''U.S., Social Security Death Index, 1935–2014''</ref> who sold building materials.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://us.macmillan.com/excerpt?isbn=9781250027962|title=Book excerpt|author=World Archipelago|work=macmillan.com|access-date=August 23, 2015|archive-date=February 16, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180216030742/http://us.macmillan.com/excerpt?isbn=9781250027962|url-status=live}}</ref> The family was ].<ref name="bookof"/><ref name="surface">{{cite news |last=Tresniowski |first=Alex |date=1998-06-15 |title=Beneath the Surface |volume=49 |work=] |number=23 |url=https://people.com/archive/cover-story-beneath-the-surface-vol-49-no-23/ |access-date=2021-08-25}}</ref><ref name="bh"/> As a child, Hartman found affection hard to earn: "I suppose I didn't get what I wanted out of my family life, so I started seeking love and attention elsewhere."<ref name="cbs profile"/>


After graduating, Hartman studied art at ], dropping out in 1969 to become a ] with a rock band.<ref name="cbs profile"/> He returned to school in 1972, this time studying ] at ]. While there he developed his own graphic arts business, which created over 40 album covers for bands including ] and ], as well as the logo for ].<ref name="cbs profile"/><ref name="ew">{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,283544,00.html|title=Man Of A Thousand Voices|accessdate=2008-10-12|author=Snierson, Dan|work=]}}</ref><ref name="jerk"/> In the late 1970s, he made his first television appearance on an episode of '']''; he won, but was stood up by his date.<ref name="jerk"/> Hartman was 10 years old when his family moved to the United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Mashberg |first=Tom |date=1992-11-29 |title=As Clinton goes, so goes Phil Hartman |work=]}}</ref> They first lived in ], then ], and then on the ], where he attended ] and frequently acted as the class clown.<ref name="cbs profile">{{cite news |date=May 28, 1998 |title=Profile: Phil Hartman |work=] |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/profile-phil-hartman/ |access-date=2008-10-19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416230821/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/1998/05/28/entertainment/main10510.shtml?source=search_story |archive-date=2009-04-16}}</ref><ref name="bookof">{{cite book |author=Parish |first=James Robert |title=The Hollywood Book of Scandals: The Shocking, Often Disgraceful Deeds and Affairs of More Than 100 American Movie and TV Idols |publisher=] |year=2004 |isbn=0-07-142189-0 |pages=212–213 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=atlanta/><ref name=van/> After graduating, he studied art at ], dropping out in 1969 to become a ] with a rock band.<ref name="cbs profile"/> He returned to school in 1972 to study ] at ]. He developed and operated his own graphic art business, creating more than 40 album covers for bands including ] and ], as well as advertising and the logo for ].<ref name="ew">{{cite magazine |author=Snierson |first=Dan |date=1998-06-12 |title=Man Of A Thousand Voices |url=https://ew.com/article/1998/06/12/man-thousand-voices/ |url-status=live |magazine=] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030104538/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,283544,00.html |archive-date=2014-10-30 |access-date=2008-10-12}}</ref><ref name="cbs profile"/><ref name=van/><ref name=jerk/> In the late 1970s, he made his first television appearance on an episode of '']'', where he won.


==Career== ==Career==
===Early career (1975–1985)===
] to develop his character ].]]
Working alone as a graphic artist, Hartman frequently amused himself with "flights of voice fantasies".<ref name="jerk"/> Eventually he felt he needed a more social outlet and developed this talent by attending evening comedy classes.<ref name="atlanta"/><ref name="bh"/> He joined the ]-based improvisational comedy group ] in 1975 at the age of 27—while watching one of the troupe's performances, Hartman impulsively decided to climb on stage and join the cast.<ref name="bookof"/><ref name="jerk"/><ref name="leavesnl"/> Hartman met comedian ] and the two became friends, often collaborating on writing and comedic material. Together they created the character ] and developed '']'', a stage performance which also aired on ] in 1981.<ref name="jerk"/> Hartman played ] on ''The Pee-wee Herman Show'' and returned in the role for the children's show '']''.<ref name="jerk"/> Reubens and Hartman made cameos in the 1980 film '']''.<ref name="bh">{{cite news|title=TV book|author=Knutzen, Eirik|date=1997-06-29|work=]|page=TV 11}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Playhouse Party - Cartoon Network reanimates Pee-wee Herman Hartman then co-wrote the script of the 1985 feature film|date=2006-07-11|work=]|author=Short, Christopher|page=Life 1}}</ref> Hartman co-wrote the script of the 1985 feature film '']'' and had a cameo as a reporter.<ref name="atlanta"/><ref name="ew"/> Although he had considered quitting acting at the age of 36 due to limited opportunities, the success of ''Pee-wee's Big Adventure'' brought new possibilities and changed his mind.<ref name="hamilton">{{cite news|title='No spikes, no sudden downfalls': Slow and steady wins the race for Phil Hartman|accessdate=2008-10-24|date=1995-08-22|author=Thomas, Bob|work=]|page=D3}}</ref><ref name="newfaces">{{Cite news|title=Four New Faces on 'Saturday Night'|work=]|page=44|date=1986-09-30|accessdate=2009-02-07}}</ref> After a creative falling-out with Reubens, Hartman left the Pee-Wee Herman project to pursue other roles.<ref name="jerk">{{cite web|url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Movies/Artists/H/Hartman_Phil/1996/12/01/758979.html|title=Phil: The Jerky Guy|accessdate=2008-08-04|date=1996-12-01|publisher=]}}</ref><ref name="bottle"/><ref name=nice/>


===Graphic Artist===
In addition to his work with Reubens, Hartman recorded a number of voice-over roles. These included appearances on '']'', '']'', '']'' and voicing characters Henry Mitchell and George Wilson on '']''.<ref name="cbs profile"/> Additionally Hartman developed a strong persona providing voice-overs for advertisements.<ref name="leavesnl" />
Phil Hartman designed the logo for Crosby, Stills & Nash, along with more than 40 album covers for other popular bands including Poco, America, CSNY, FIRESIGN Theater and Seven.
===The Groundlings and Pee-Wee Herman (1975–1985)===
Working alone as a graphic artist, Hartman frequently amused himself with "flights of voice fantasies".<ref name="jerk"/> In 1975, seeking a more social outlet for his talents, he began attending evening comedy classes by the California-based improvisational comedy group ].<ref name="atlanta"/><ref name="bh"/><ref name=van/> While watching one of their performances, he impulsively decided to climb on stage and join the cast.<ref name="bookof"/><ref name="jerk"/><ref name="leavesnl"/> His first onscreen appearance was in 1978's '']'', an Australian film directed in Los Angeles by ].<ref>{{cite web |last=Orndorf |first=Brian |date=2009-10-26 |title=Stunt Rock - 2-Disc Special Edition |url=https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/40331/stunt-rock-2-disc-special-edition/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118035250/https://www.dvdtalk.com/reviews/40331/stunt-rock-2-disc-special-edition/ |archive-date=November 18, 2018 |website=]}} A young Phil Hartman cameos, part of a larger group of Groundlings cadets that filled in as extras</ref> After several years of training, paying his way by redesigning the group's logo and merchandise, Hartman formally joined The Groundlings and by 1979 was one of the show's stars.<ref name=van/>


There Hartman befriended ], with whom he often collaborated on comedic material. Together they created the character ] and developed '']'', a live stage show that subsequently aired on ] in 1981.<ref name="jerk"/> Hartman played ] in the show, and reprised the role for the children's TV show '']''.<ref name="jerk"/> Reubens and Hartman made cameos in the 1980 film '']''.<ref name="bh">{{cite news |author=Knutzen |first=Eirik |date=1997-06-29 |title=TV book |page=TV 11 |work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Short |first=Christopher |date=2006-07-11 |title=Playhouse Party – Cartoon Network reanimates Pee-wee Herman Hartman then co-wrote the script of the 1985 feature film |page=Life 1 |work=]}}</ref> Hartman co-wrote the script of the 1985 feature film '']'' and had a cameo role as a reporter.<ref name="ew"/><ref name="atlanta"/> He had considered quitting acting at the age of 36 due to the challenges of finding work; but the success of ''Pee-wee's Big Adventure'' changed his mind.<ref name="hamilton">{{cite news |author=Thomas |first=Bob |date=1995-08-22 |title='No spikes, no sudden downfalls': Slow and steady wins the race for Phil Hartman |page=D3 |work=]}}</ref><ref name="newfaces">{{Cite news |date=1986-09-30 |title=Four New Faces on 'Saturday Night' |page=44 |work=]}}</ref> After a creative disagreement with Reubens, he left the Pee-Wee Herman project to pursue other roles.<ref name="jerk">{{cite web |last=Thompson |first=Bob |date=1996-12-01 |title=The Jerky Guy |url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Movies/Artists/H/Hartman_Phil/1996/12/01/758979.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120711225150/http://jam.canoe.ca/Movies/Artists/H/Hartman_Phil/1996/12/01/758979.html |archive-date=2012-07-11 |access-date=2008-08-04 |publisher=] |df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref name="bottle"/><ref name=nice/>
===''Saturday Night Live'' (1986–1994)===
After appearing in the 1986 films '']'' and '']'', Hartman joined the cast and writing staff of ]'s variety show '']'' (''SNL'').<ref name="ew" /> He told the '']'', "I wanted to do because I wanted to get the exposure that would give me box-office credibility so I can write movies for myself."<ref name="newfaces"/> In his eight seasons with the show Hartman became known for his impressions, and performed as over 70 different characters. These included ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]; the last was often considered his most well-known impression.<ref name="ew" /><ref name="cad" />


Hartman took more small roles in 1986 films such as '']'' and '']''. He also worked as a voice actor in animated television programs, including '']'', '']'', ''],'' and in '']'' as Henry Mitchell and George Wilson and most of the adult male characters. After season 1, Hartman (who by this point had joined the cast of '']'') was replaced by ]. <ref name="cbs profile"/> He developed a strong persona providing voice-overs for advertisements.<ref name="leavesnl"/>
{{Quote box
| quote = "As an actor, I felt I couldn't compete. I wasn't as cute as the leading man; I wasn't as brilliant as ]. The one thing I could do was voices and impersonations and weird characters, an there was really no call for that. Except on ''Saturday Night Live''."
| source =—Hartman on his acting skills.<ref name="cbs profile"/>
| width= 30em
| bgcolor= transparent
| align= left
| salign= right
}}


===''Saturday Night Live'' (1986–1994)===
Hartman's original ''Saturday Night Live'' characters included ] and ].<ref name="cbs profile"/> Hartman first performed his Clinton impression on an episode of '']''.<ref name="dallas" /> When he met Clinton in 1993 Hartman remarked, "I guess I owe you a few apologies",<ref name="dallas" /> adding later that he "sometimes a twinge of guilt about ".<ref name="cad" /> Clinton showed good humor and sent Hartman a signed photo with the text: "You're not the president, but you play one on TV. And you're OK, mostly."<ref name="cad" /> One of Hartman's more famous sketches as Clinton saw the president visit a ] restaurant and explain his policies by eating other customers' food. The writers told him that he was not eating enough during rehearsals for the sketch – by the end of the live performance, Hartman had eaten so much he could barely speak.<ref name="dallas" />
Hartman successfully auditioned to join ]'s variety show '']'' (''SNL'') in its ], which began on October 11, 1986.<ref name="ew"/> He had been recommended for the show by fellow Groundlings and ''SNL'' cast members ]<ref name="NYTimes">{{cite web |author=Carter |first=Bill |date=1998-10-07 |title=A Hard Job to Accept: A Slain Buddy's Show |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/07/arts/a-hard-job-to-accept-a-slain-buddy-s-show.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527075654/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/07/arts/a-hard-job-to-accept-a-slain-buddy-s-show.html |archive-date=2015-05-27 |work=]}}</ref> and ], as well as ''Jumpin' Jack Flash'' director ].<ref name="EWMerry">{{cite magazine |author=Cagle |first=Jess |date=1994-03-11 |title=Merry Hartman, Merry Hartman |url=https://ew.com/article/1994/03/11/merry-hartman-merry-hartman/ |url-status=live |magazine=] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151026043948/https://ew.com/article/1994/03/11/merry-hartman-merry-hartman/ |archive-date=2015-10-26}}</ref> He told the '']'', "I wanted to do because I wanted to get the exposure that would give me box-office credibility so I can write movies for myself."<ref name="newfaces"/> In his eight seasons with the show Hartman became known for his impressions, and performed as over 70 different characters. Hartman's original ''SNL'' characters include ] and ].<ref name="cbs profile"/> His impressions include ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]{{mdash}}the latter considered his best-known impression.<ref name="ew"/><ref name="cad"/>


Hartman first performed his Clinton impression on an episode of '']''.<ref name="dallas"/> When he met Clinton in 1993, Hartman remarked, "I guess I owe you a few apologies",<ref name="dallas"/> adding later that he "sometimes a twinge of guilt about ".<ref name="cad"/> Clinton showed good humor and sent Hartman a signed photo with the text: "]. And you're OK, mostly."<ref name="cad"/> Hartman copied the president's "post-nasal drip" and the "slight scratchiness" in his voice, as well as his open, "less intimidating" hand gestures. Hartman opted against wearing a larger prosthetic nose when portraying Clinton, as he thought it would be distracting. He instead wore a wig, dyed his eyebrows brighter, and used makeup to highlight his nose.<ref name=van/> In one of Hartman's sketches as Clinton, the president-elect visits a ] restaurant and explains his economic policies and support for ] by the metaphor of eating other customers' food. The writers told him that he was not eating enough during rehearsals for the sketch – by the end of the live performance, Hartman had eaten so much he could barely speak.<ref name="dallas"/>
Backstage at ''SNL'', Hartman was called "the Glue", a name coined by ], according to ]'s book '']''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Gasping for Airtime|year=2004|publisher=Hyperion|author=]|page=164|isbn=1-4013-0006-5}}</ref> ''SNL'' creator ] explained the reason for the name: "He kind of held the show together. He gave to everybody and demanded very little. He was very low-maintenance."<ref name="surface"/> Hartman often helped other cast members. For example, he aided ] in overcoming her ].<ref name=hooks/> Michaels added that Hartman was "the least appreciated" cast member by commentators outside the show, and praised his ability "to do five or six parts in a show where you're playing support or you're doing remarkable character work".<ref name="cbs profile"/> Hartman was nominated for three ] for his work on ''SNL'', winning in 1989 for ].<ref name="Emmys"/>
] on ''Saturday Night Live''<ref name="dallas">{{cite news |author=Bark |first=Ed |date=1998-05-29 |title=Hartman was actor who put on many faces—Impersonation of Clinton among most memorable |page=25A |work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Political impersonations always a hit on 'Saturday Night Live'|date=October 18, 2008|work=]|author=Reimink, Troy|page=A2}}</ref>]]
At ''SNL'', Hartman's nickname of "Glue" was coined by ] according to ]'s book '']''.<ref name="van">{{cite news |author=Rice |first=Darcy |date=August 1996 |title=100 Flavors of Vanilla |pages=34–40 |work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Mohr |first=Jay |url=https://archive.org/details/gaspingforairtim00mohr/page/164 |title=Gasping for Airtime |publisher=Hyperion |year=2004 |isbn=1-4013-0006-5 |page= |author-link=Jay Mohr}}</ref> However, according to ''You Might Remember Me: The Life and Times of Phil Hartman'' by Mike Thomas, author and staff writer for the '']'', the nickname was created by ''SNL'' cast member and Hartman's frequent on-screen collaborator ].{{sfn|Thomas|2014|p=1}} Hartman was very helpful to other cast members. For example, he aided Hooks in overcoming her ].<ref name=hooks/> ''SNL'' creator ] explained the name: "He kind of held the show together. He gave to everybody and demanded very little. He was very low-maintenance."<ref name="surface"/> Michaels also added that Hartman was "the least appreciated" cast member by commentators outside the show, and praised his ability "to do five or six parts in a show where you're playing support or you're doing remarkable character work".<ref name="cbs profile"/> Hartman won the ] for ] for ''SNL'' in 1989, sharing the award with the show's other writers. He was nominated in the same category in 1987, and individually in 1994 for ].<ref name="Emmys"/>


By 1993, almost every cast member who was there during Hartman's first year on ''SNL'' had left the show, including Jon Lovitz, Jan Hooks and ]. Hartman said he felt "like an athlete who's watched all his ] teammates get traded off into other directions ... It was hard to watch them leave because I sort of felt we were all part of the team that saved the show."<ref name="leavesnl"/> This cast turnover contributed to his leaving the show in 1994.<ref name="cad"/> Hartman said he thought it was time to leave because the show was "getting less sophisticated" and his style of humor did not fit with the less intellectual comedy of newer cast members like ].<ref name="EWMerry" /> Hartman had originally planned to leave the show in 1991, but Michaels persuaded him to stay to raise his profile; his portrayal of Clinton contributed to this goal.<ref name="leavesnl">{{cite news |author=Rosenthal |first=Phil |date=1993-11-23 |title='SNL's' Grand Old Man—With Friends Gone, Hartman Prepares To Make His Exit |page=L1 |work=]}}</ref> ] offered him the role of his sidekick on ''The Tonight Show'' but Hartman opted to stay on ''SNL''.<ref name="king2">{{cite interview |last=Hartmann |first=John |interviewer=] |title=Interview |work=] |publisher=] |location=] |date=2003-02-20}}</ref><ref name="adman">{{cite news |author=Boss |first=Kitt |date=1992-10-01 |title=Phil Hartman Makes Like A Primo Pitchman |work=] |url=https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19921001/1516047/phil-hartman-makes-like-a-primo-pitchman |url-status=live |access-date=2010-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712204428/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19921001&slug=1516047 |archive-date=2015-07-12}}</ref> NBC persuaded him to stay on ''SNL'' by promising him his own comedy–variety show ''The Phil Show''.<ref name="cad"/> He planned to "reinvent the variety form" with "a hybrid, very fast-paced, high energy with sketches, impersonations, pet acts, and performers showcasing their talents". Hartman was to be the show's executive producer and head writer.<ref>{{cite news |author=Tribune Media Services |date=1994-07-31 |title=Hartman's Departure Spawns Variety Show |page=10 |work=]}}</ref> Before production began, however, the network decided that variety shows were too unpopular and canceled the series. In a 1996 interview, Hartman noted he was glad, as he "would've been sweatin' blood each week trying to make it work".<ref name="cad">{{cite news |author=Freeman |first=John |date=1996-03-08 |title='NewsRadio's' McNeal livin' it up as despicable cad |page=E-1 |work=]}}</ref> In 1998, he admitted he missed working on ''SNL'', but had enjoyed the move from ] to Southern California.<ref name="bottle"/>
] on an episode of ''Saturday Night Live''. In this episode, Clinton visits a ] restaurant, in one of Hartman's most famous sketches.<ref name="dallas">{{cite news|title=Hartman was actor who put on many faces—Impersonation of Clinton among most memorable|date=1998-05-29|accessdate=2008-10-31|author=Bark, Ed|work=]|page=25A}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Political impersonations always a hit on 'Saturday Night Live'|accessdate=2008-10-31|date=2008-10-18|work=]|author=Reimink, Troy|page=A2}}</ref>]]
After his co-stars ], ], Jan Hooks and ] had left, Hartman said he felt "like an athlete who's watched all his ] teammates get traded off into other directions&nbsp;... It was hard to watch them leave because I sort of felt we were all part of the team that saved the show."<ref name="leavesnl" /> This cast turnover contributed to his leaving the show in 1994.<ref name="cad" /> Hartman had originally planned to leave the show in 1991, but Michaels convinced him to stay to raise his profile; his portrayal of Clinton contributed to this goal.<ref name="leavesnl">{{cite news|title='SNL's' Grand Old Man—With Friends Gone, Hartman Prepares To Make His Exit|accessdate=2008-10-24|date=1993-11-23|author=Rosenthal, Phil|work=]|page=L1}}</ref> ] offered him the role of his sidekick on ''The Tonight Show'' but Hartman opted to stay on ''SNL''.<ref name="king2">{{cite interview|last=Hartmann|first=John|interviewer=]|callsign=]|city=]|date=2003-02-20|program=Larry King Live|programlink=Larry King Live}}</ref><ref name="adman">{{cite news|url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19921001&slug=1516047|title=Phil Hartman Makes Like A Primo Pitchman|author=Boss, Kitt|date=1992-10-01|work=]}}</ref> NBC persuaded him to stay on ''SNL'' by promising him his own comedy–variety show entitled ''The Phil Show''.<ref name="cad" /> He planned to "reinvent the variety form" with "a hybrid, very fast-paced, high energy with sketches, impersonations, pet acts, and performers showcasing their talents". Hartman was to be the show's executive producer and head writer.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hartman's Departure Spawns Variety Show|date=1994-07-31|accessdate=2008-10-24|work=]|author=Tribune Media Services|page=10}}</ref> Before production began, however, the network decided that variety shows were too unpopular and scrapped the series. In a 1996 interview, Hartman noted he was glad the show had been scrapped, as he "would've been sweatin' blood each week trying to make it work".<ref name="cad">{{cite news|title='NewsRadio's' McNeal livin' it up as despicable cad|accessdate=2008-10-24|date=1996-03-08|work=]|author=Freeman, John|page=E-1}}</ref> In 1998, he admitted he missed working on ''SNL'', but had enjoyed the move from ] to Southern California.<ref name="bottle" />


===''NewsRadio'' (1995–1998)=== ===''NewsRadio'' (1995–1998)===
Hartman became one of the stars of the NBC ] '']'' in 1995, portraying radio news anchor Bill McNeal. He signed up after being attracted by the show's ],<ref name="newsradiocancel" /> and joked that he based McNeal on himself with "any ethics and character" removed.<ref name="bottle" /> Hartman made roughly ]50,000 per episode of ''NewsRadio''.<ref name="surface"/> Although the show was critically acclaimed, it was never a ratings hit and cancellation was a regular threat. After the completion of the fourth season, Hartman commented, "We seem to have limited appeal. We're on the edge here, not sure we're going to be picked up or not", but added he was "99&nbsp;percent sure" the series would be renewed for a fifth season.<ref name="newsradiocancel">{{cite news|title=Good News/Phil Hartman brings back the Titanic on 'NewsRadio'|work=]|date=1998-08-11|accessdate=2008-10-24|author=McDaniel, Mike|page=1}}</ref> Hartman had publicly lambasted NBC's decision to repeatedly move ''NewsRadio'' into different timeslots, but later regretted his comments, saying, "this is a sitcom, for crying out loud, not brain surgery".<ref name="bottle" /> He also stated that if the sitcom were cancelled "it just will open up other opportunities for me".<ref name="newsradiocancel" /> Although the show was renewed for a fifth season, Hartman died before production began.<ref name="finalep"/> Ken Tucker praised Hartman's performance as McNeal: "A lesser performer&nbsp;... would have played him as a variation on '']''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s ], because that's what Bill was, on paper. But Hartman gave infinite variety to Bill's self-centeredness, turning him devious, cowardly, squeamish, and foolishly bold from week to week."<ref name="kentucker">{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,83524,00.html|title=Hartman Remembered|accessdate=2008-10-28|work=Entertainment Weekly|author=Tucker, Ken|date=1998-05-29}}</ref> Hartman was posthumously nominated for the ] in 1998 for his work on ''NewsRadio'', but lost to ].<ref name="Emmys">{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search |title=Primetime Emmy Awards Advanced Search|publisher=Emmys.org|accessdate=2008-10-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.salon.com/entertainment/glow/1998/07/23glow.html|title=Blue glow|accessdate=2007-06-22|date=1998-06-23|publisher=]|author=Millman, Joyce}}</ref> Hartman became one of the stars of the NBC ] '']'' in 1995, portraying radio news anchor Bill McNeal. He signed up after being attracted by the show's writing and use of an ],<ref name=van/><ref name="newsradiocancel"/> and joked that he based McNeal on himself with "any ethics and character" removed.<ref name="bottle"/> Hartman made roughly {{US$|50000|1995}} per episode of ''NewsRadio''.<ref name="surface"/> Although the show was critically acclaimed, it was never a ratings hit and cancellation was a regular threat. After the completion of the fourth season, Hartman commented, "We seem to have limited appeal. We're on the edge here, not sure we're going to be picked up or not", but added he was "99&nbsp;percent sure" the series would be renewed for a fifth season.<ref name="newsradiocancel">{{cite news|title=Good News/Phil Hartman brings back the Titanic on 'NewsRadio'|work=]|date=August 11, 1998|author=McDaniel, Mike|page=1}}</ref> Hartman had publicly lambasted NBC's decision to repeatedly move ''NewsRadio'' into different timeslots, but later regretted his comments, saying, "this is a sitcom, for crying out loud, not brain surgery".<ref name="bottle"/> He also stated that if the sitcom were cancelled "it just will open up other opportunities for me".<ref name="newsradiocancel"/> Although the show was renewed for a fifth season, Hartman was killed before production began.<ref name="finalep"/> ] praised Hartman's performance as McNeal: "A lesser performer ... would have played him as a variation on '']''{{'}}s ], because that's what Bill was, on paper. But Hartman gave infinite variety to Bill's self-centeredness, turning him devious, cowardly, squeamish, and foolishly bold from week to week."<ref name="kentucker">{{cite magazine|url=https://ew.com/article/1998/05/29/phil-hartman-remembered/|title=Hartman Remembered|access-date=October 28, 2008|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|author=Tucker, Ken|date=May 29, 1998|archive-date=October 12, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012094008/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,83524,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Hartman was posthumously nominated for the ] in 1998 for his work on ''NewsRadio''. ] won the award for his performance on '']''.<ref name="Emmys">{{cite web |title=Primetime Emmy Awards Advanced Search |url=http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904172046/http://www.emmys.com/award_history_search |archive-date=2013-09-04 |access-date=2008-10-31 |publisher=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www1.salon.com/ent/glow/1998/07/23glow.html|title=Blue glow|access-date=June 22, 2007|date=June 23, 1998|work=]|author=Millman, Joyce|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090728193325/http://www.salon.com/ent/glow/1998/07/23glow.html|archive-date=July 28, 2009|df=mdy-all}}</ref>


===''The Simpsons'' (1991–1998)===
===Other work===
Hartman provided the ] for numerous characters on the ] animated series '']'', appearing in over 50 episodes.<ref name="ew" /> He made his first appearance in the ] episode "]". Although he was originally brought in for a one-time appearance, Hartman enjoyed working on ''The Simpsons'' and the staff wrote additional parts for him. He voiced the recurring characters ] and ], as well as several one-time and background characters.<ref>]; ]; ]; ]. (2003). Commentary for "]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Third Season'' . 20th Century Fox.</ref> His favorite part,<ref name=nice/> he often used his McClure voice to entertain the audience between takes while taping episodes of ''NewsRadio''. He remarked, "My favorite fans are Troy McClure fans."<ref name="bottle">{{cite news|title=Out of the Bottle—Along With Many Amusing Characters, Phil Hartman of 'Newsradio' Unleashes the Rare Exception|accessdate=2008-02-14|date=1998-02-24|work=]|page=Y-01|author=Rohan, Virginia}}</ref> He added "It's the one thing that I do in my life that's almost an avocation. I do it for the pure love of it."<ref>{{cite news|title=No raise...no big deal|date=1998-05-11|page=1|work=]}}</ref> Hartman provided the ] for numerous characters on the ] animated series '']'', appearing in 52 episodes.<ref name="ew"/> He made his first appearance in the ] episode "]". Although he was originally brought in for a one-time appearance, Hartman enjoyed working on ''The Simpsons'' and the staff wrote additional parts for him. He voiced the recurring characters ] and ], as well as several background characters.<ref>]; ]; ]; ]. (2003). Commentary for "]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Third Season'' . 20th Century Fox.</ref> His favorite part was that of McClure,<ref name=nice/> and he often used this voice to entertain the audience between takes while taping episodes of ''NewsRadio''. He remarked, "My favorite fans are Troy McClure fans."<ref name="bottle">{{cite news |author=Rohan |first=Virginia |date=1998-02-24 |title=Out of the Bottle—Along With Many Amusing Characters, Phil Hartman of 'Newsradio' Unleashes the Rare Exception |page=Y-01 |work=]}}</ref> He added "It's the one thing that I do in my life that's almost an avocation. I do it for the pure love of it."<ref>{{cite news|title=No raise ... no big deal|date=May 11, 1998|page=1|work=]}}</ref>


Hartman was popular among the staff of ''The Simpsons''. ] ] and ] stated that they enjoyed his work, and used Hartman as much as possible when working on the show. To give Hartman a larger role, they developed the episode "]", which focuses on Troy McClure and expands the character's backstory.<ref name="fcs">]; ]; ]; ]. (2006). Commentary for "]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Seventh Season'' . 20th Century Fox.</ref> ''The Simpsons'' creator ] said that he "took for granted because he nailed the joke every time",<ref name="ew" /> and that his voice acting could produce "the maximum amount of humor" with any line he was given.<ref name="inter" /> Before his death, Hartman had expressed an interest in making a ] film about Troy McClure. Many of ''The Simpsons'' production staff expressed enthusiasm for the project and offered to help.<ref>Oakley, Bill. (2006). Commentary for "]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Seventh Season'' . 20th Century Fox.</ref> Hartman said he was "looking forward to live-action movie, publicizing his ] appearances",<ref name="jerk" /> and "would love nothing more" than making a film and was prepared to buy the film rights himself in order to make it happen.<ref name=nice/> Hartman was popular among the staff of ''The Simpsons''. ] ] and ] said they enjoyed his work, and used him as much as possible when working on the show. To give Hartman a larger role, they developed the episode "]", which focuses on Troy McClure and expands the character's backstory.<ref name="fcs">]; ]; ]; ]. (2006). Commentary for "]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Seventh Season'' . 20th Century Fox</ref> ''The Simpsons'' creator ] said that he "took for granted because he nailed the joke every time",<ref name="ew"/> and that his voice acting could produce "the maximum amount of humor" with any line he was given.<ref name="inter"/> Before his death, Hartman had expressed an interest in making a ] film about Troy McClure. Many of ''The Simpsons'' production staff expressed enthusiasm for the project and offered to help.<ref>Oakley, Bill. (2006). Commentary for "]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Seventh Season'' . 20th Century Fox</ref> Hartman said he was "looking forward to live-action movie, publicizing his ] appearances",<ref name="jerk"/> and "would love nothing more" than making a film and was prepared to buy the film rights himself in order to make it happen.<ref name=nice/>


===Other work===
Hartman's first starring film role came in 1995's '']'', alongside ].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hartman, Sinbad Play it for Laughs in 'Houseguest'|date=1994-05-29|author=Vancheri, Barbara|work=]|page=C-14}}</ref> Other films included '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'' and '']'', the last of which was his final theatrically released film.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/93625/Phil-Hartman/filmography|title=Phil Hartman Filmography|work=]|accessdate=2010-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=1998's top closing moments|work=]|date=1998-12-06|page=Arts 1|author=Philpot, Robert}}</ref> At the same time, he preferred working on television.<ref name="leavesnl" /> His other television roles included appearances on episodes of '']'', '']'', '']'' and the HBO TV film '']'' as the ].<ref name="dallas" /> He appeared as the kidnapper Randy in the third season ] finale of '']''—a role written especially for him. He died before filming of the concluding episode could take place. Executive producer ] decided to recast the part, noting: "I have far too much respect for to try to find some clever way of getting around this real tragedy."<ref name="ew" /> Hartman made a considerable amount of money from television advertising,<ref name="king2"/> earning $300,000 for a series of four commercials for the soft drink ];<ref name="adman"/> he also appeared in advertisements for McDonalds (as Hugh McAttack) and ] (as Max Jerome).<ref name="salon">{{cite news|url=http://www.salon.com/entertainment/tv/feature/1998/05/28feature.html|title=Phil Hartman 1948-1998|work=Salon.com|author=Millman, Joyce|date=1998-05-28}}</ref>
Hartman's first starring film role came in 1995's '']'', alongside ].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hartman, Sinbad Play it for Laughs in 'Houseguest'|date=May 29, 1994|author=Vancheri, Barbara|work=]|page=C-14}}</ref> Other films include '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', the English ]/] dub of '']'', and '']'', the latter of which is his final theatrically released film.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.nytimes.com/person/93625/Phil-Hartman/filmography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417235824/http://movies.nytimes.com/person/93625/Phil-Hartman/filmography|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 17, 2008|department=Movies & TV Dept.|work=]|date=2008|title=Phil Hartman Filmography|access-date=August 16, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=1998's top closing moments|work=]|date=December 6, 1998|page=Arts 1|author=Philpot, Robert}}</ref> At the same time, he preferred working on television.<ref name="leavesnl"/> His other television roles include appearances on episodes of '']'', '']'', '']'',<ref name="ew"/> and the HBO TV film '']'' as the ].<ref name="dallas"/> He made a considerable amount of money from television advertising,<ref name="king2"/> earning $300,000 for a series of four commercials for the soft drink ].<ref name="adman"/> He also appeared in advertisements for McDonald's (as Hugh McAttack) and ] (as Max Jerome).<ref name="salon">{{cite news|url=http://www.salon.com/entertainment/tv/feature/1998/05/28feature.html|title=Phil Hartman 1948–1998|work=Salon.com|author=Millman, Joyce|date=May 28, 1998|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604193802/http://www.salon.com/entertainment/tv/feature/1998/05/28feature.html|archive-date=June 4, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref>


Hartman wrote a number of screenplays that were never produced.<ref name="king2"/> In 1986, Hartman began writing a screenplay for a film entitled ''Mr. Fix-It'',<ref name="newfaces"/> and completed the final draft in 1991. ] was signed to produce the film, with Gil Bettman hired to direct. Hartman called it "a sort of a merger of horror and comedy, like '']'' and '']''", adding, "It's an American nightmare about a family torn asunder. They live next to a toxic dump site, their water supply is poisoned, the mother and son go insane and try to murder each other, the father's face is torn off in a terrible disfiguring accident in the first act. It's heavy stuff, but it's got a good message and a positive, upbeat ending." Zemeckis could not secure studio backing, however, and the project collapsed.<ref>{{cite news|title='SNL' Co-star Looking For Studio|accessdate=2009-02-07|date=1991-10-09|page=5E|work=]}}</ref> Another movie idea involving Hartman's Groundlings character Chick Hazard, Private Eye also fell through.<ref name="newfaces"/> Hartman wrote a number of screenplays that were never produced.<ref name="king2"/> In 1986, he began writing a screenplay for a film titled ''Mr. Fix-It'',<ref name="newfaces"/> and completed the final draft in 1991. ] was signed to produce the film, with Gil Bettman hired to direct. Hartman called it "a sort of a merger of horror and comedy, like '']'' and '']''", adding, "It's an American nightmare about a family torn asunder. They live next to a toxic dump site, their water supply is poisoned, the mother and son go insane and try to murder each other, the father's face is torn off in a terrible disfiguring accident in the first act. It's heavy stuff, but it's got a good message and a positive, upbeat ending." Zemeckis could not secure studio backing, however, and the project collapsed.<ref>{{cite news|title='SNL' Co-star Looking For Studio|date=October 9, 1991|page=5E|work=]}}</ref> Another film idea involving Hartman's Groundlings character Chick Hazard, Private Eye was also canceled.<ref name="newfaces"/> Hartman appeared on David Letterman's Late Night and Late Show 13 times between 1989 and 1996, where he can be heard speaking German fluently.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4scLsDYAI9Y |title=Phil Hartman Collection on Letterman, 1989-1996 - YouTube |website=] |date=November 15, 2018 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref>


==Style== ==Style==
{{Quote box {{Quote box
| quote= "Clean and unassuming, he had such a casual, no-nonsense way about him. It was that quality that we all find so hilarious, his delightful ability to poke fun at himself and at life with a tongue-in-cheek attitude comparable to, say, ] or ] or ]." | quote = Clean and unassuming, he had such a casual, no-nonsense way about him. It was that quality that we all find so hilarious, his delightful ability to poke fun at himself and at life with a tongue-in-cheek attitude comparable to, say, ] or ] or ].
| source= — ].<ref>{{cite book|title=]|year=2000|publisher=]|location=New York City|author=]|page=71|isbn=0-7868-8600-5}}</ref> | source = — ].<ref>{{cite book|title=My Life as a 10-Year-Old Boy|year=2000|publisher=]|location=New York City|author=Cartwright, Nancy|title-link=My Life as a 10-Year-Old Boy|page=|isbn=0-7868-8600-5|author-link=Nancy Cartwright}}</ref>
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In contrast to his real-life personality which was described as "a regular guy and, by all accounts, one of show business' most low-key, decent people",<ref name=intel>{{cite news|title=His Intellect, Humanity Set Hartman Apart|date=1998-05-29|work=]|author=Kushman, Rick|page=A18}}</ref> Hartman often played unpleasant characters or villains.<ref name=nice>{{cite news|title=Nice guy Phil Hartman loves playing weasels|work=]|author=Strickler, Jeff|date=1996-11-26|page=01E}}</ref> He noted that his standard character is a "jerky guy", and described his usual roles as "the weasel parade",<ref name="jerk"/> citing McNeal, McClure and Ted Maltin from ''Jingle All the Way'' as examples.<ref name=nice/> Hartman enjoyed playing such roles because he "just want to be funny, and villains tend to be funny because their foibles are all there to see."<ref name=nice/> He often played supporting roles, rather than the lead part. He said "throughout my career, I've never been a huge star, but I've made steady progress and that's the way I like it,"<ref name="cad" /> and "It's fun coming in as the second or third lead. If the movie or TV show bombs, you aren't to blame."<ref name="jerk"/> ] stated of his work on ''SNL'': "Phil never had an ounce of competition. He was a team player. It was a privilege for him, I believe, to play support and do it very well. He was never insulted, no matter how small the role may have been."<ref name=hooks/> He was disciplined in his performances, studying the scripts beforehand. Hooks added: "Phil knew how to listen. And he knew how to look you in the eye, and he knew the power of being able to lay back and let somebody else be funny, and then do the reactions. I think Phil was more of an actor than a comedian."<ref name=hooks/> As an impressionist Lyle V. Harris said Hartman had a "rare talent for morphing into...anybody he wanted to be."<ref>{{cite news|title=Whatever the role, he made it funny: Phil Hartman 1948-1998|author=Harris, Lyle V.|work=]|date=1998-05-30|page=W11}}</ref> Writer and acting coach Paul Ryan noted Hartman's work ethic with his impressions. He assembled a collection of video footage of the figure he was preparing to impersonate and watched this continually until he "completely embodied the person." Ryan conluded that "what made so funny and spot on was Phil's ability to add that perfect touch that only comes from trial and error and practicing in in front of audiences and fellow actors."<ref>{{cite book|title=The Art of Comedy: Getting Serious About Being Funny|year=2007|publisher=Watson-Guptill|page=168|isbn=10-0823084671|author=Ryan, Paul}}</ref>


In contrast to his real-life personality, which was described as "a regular guy and, by all accounts, one of show business's most low-key, decent people",<ref name=intel>{{cite news|title=His Intellect, Humanity Set Hartman Apart|date=May 29, 1998|work=]|author=Kushman, Rick|page=A18}}</ref> Hartman often played seedy, vain or unpleasant characters as well as comedic villains.<ref name="nice">{{cite news |author=Strickler |first=Jeff |date=1996-11-26 |title=Nice guy Phil Hartman loves playing weasels |page=01E |work=]}}</ref> He described his standard character repertoire as the "jerky guy" and "the weasel parade",<ref name="jerk"/> citing Lionel Hutz, Bill McNeal, Troy McClure, and Ted Maltin from ''Jingle All the Way'' as examples.<ref name=nice/> Hartman enjoyed playing such roles because he "just want to be funny, and villains tend to be funny because their foibles are all there to see".<ref name=nice/>
Ken Tucker summarised Hartman's comedic style: "he could momentarily fool audiences into thinking he was the straight man, but then he'd cock an eyebrow and give his voice an ironic lilt that delivered a punchline like a fast slider—you barely saw it coming until you started laughing."<ref name="kentucker"/> Hartman claimed that he borrowed his style from actor ]: "He's been a great influence on me -- when he did that smarmy thing in '']'', then the same sort of thing in '']''. I tried to imitate it. I couldn't. I wasn't good enough. But I discovered an element of something else, so in a sick kind of way I made myself a career by doing a bad imitation of another comic."<ref name="jerk"/>

He often played supporting roles, rather than the lead part. He said: "hroughout my career, I've never been a huge star, but I've made steady progress and that's the way I like it"<ref name="cad"/> and "It's fun coming in as the second or third lead. If the movie or TV show bombs, you aren't to blame."<ref name="jerk"/> Hartman was considered a "utility player" on ''SNL'' with a "kind of Everyman quality" which enabled him to appear in the majority of sketches, often in very distinct roles.<ref name=van/> ] stated of his work on ''SNL'': "Phil never had an ounce of competition. He was a team player. It was a privilege for him, I believe, to play support and do it very well. He was never insulted, no matter how small the role may have been."<ref name=hooks/> He was disciplined in his performances, studying the scripts beforehand. Hooks added: "Phil knew how to listen. And he knew how to look you in the eye, and he knew the power of being able to lay back and let somebody else be funny, and then do the reactions. I think Phil was more of an actor than a comedian."<ref name=hooks/> Film critic ] declared that "Phil Hartman and Jan Hooks on ''Saturday Night Live'' are two of the best comic actors I've ever seen."<ref>{{cite book|page=137|title=Conversations with Pauline Kael|year=1996|publisher=University Press of Mississippi|editor=Brantley, Will|isbn=0-87805-899-0}}</ref>

Writer and acting coach Paul Ryan noted Hartman's work ethic with his impressions. He assembled a collection of video footage of the figure he was preparing to impersonate and watched this continually until he "completely embodied the person". Ryan concluded that "what made so funny and spot on was Phil's ability to add that perfect touch that only comes from trial and error and practicing in front of audiences and fellow actors."<ref>{{cite book|title=The Art of Comedy: Getting Serious About Being Funny|year=2007|publisher=Watson-Guptill|page=168|isbn=978-0-8230-8467-8|author=Ryan, Paul}}</ref> Hartman described this process as "technical".<ref name=van/> Journalist Lyle V. Harris said Hartman showed a "rare talent for morphing into... anybody he wanted to be".<ref>{{cite news|title=Whatever the role, he made it funny: Phil Hartman 1948–1998|author=Harris, Lyle V.|work=]|date=May 30, 1998|page=W11}}</ref>

] summarized Hartman's comedic style: "He could momentarily fool audiences into thinking he was the straight man, but then he'd cock an eyebrow and give his voice an ironic lilt that delivered a punchline like a fast slider—you barely saw it coming until you started laughing."<ref name="kentucker"/> Hartman claimed that he borrowed his style from actor ]: "He's been a great influence on me – when he did that smarmy thing in '']'', then the same sort of thing in '']''. I tried to imitate it. I couldn't. I wasn't good enough. But I discovered an element of something else, so in a sick kind of way I made myself a career by doing a bad imitation of another comic."<ref name="jerk"/>


==Personal life== ==Personal life==
Hartman married Gretchen Lewis in 1970 and they divorced sometime before 1982. He married real estate agent Lisa Strain in 1982 and their marriage lasted three years. Strain told '']'' that Hartman was reclusive off screen and "would disappear emotionally&nbsp;... he'd be in his own world. That passivity made you crazy."<ref name="surface"/> Hartman married former model and aspiring actress Brynn Omdahl (born Vicki Jo Omdahl) in November 1987, having met her on a blind date the previous year.<ref name="bookof"/><ref name="surface"/> Together they had two children, Sean and Birgen Hartman.<ref name="surface"/> The marriage had difficulties—Brynn reportedly felt intimidated by her husband's success and was frustrated that she could not find any on her own, although neither party wanted a divorce. Hartman considered retiring to save the marriage.<ref name="surface"/> He tried to get Brynn acting roles but she became progressively more reliant on narcotics and alcohol, entering ] several times.<ref name="bookof"/> Because of his close friendship with ''SNL'' associate ], Brynn joked on occasion that Hooks and Hartman were married "on some other level".<ref name=hooks>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1998/06/02/1998-06-02__snl__co-star_remembers_her_.html|title='SNL' Co-Star Remembers Her Hartman|accessdate=2008-10-12|date=1998-06-12|author=Bianculli, David|work=]}}</ref> Hartman married Gretchen Lewis in 1970 and they divorced in September 1972.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Basilan|first=Rebelander|date=2020-05-04|title=Inside Phil Hartman's All-Too-Brief and Incredibly Tragic Life|url=https://news.amomama.com/206445-phil-hartmans-all-too-brief-incredibly-t.html|access-date=2021-08-30|website=news.amomama.com|language=en}}</ref> He married real estate agent Lisa Strain in 1982, and their marriage lasted three years. Strain told '']'' magazine that Hartman was reclusive off screen and "would disappear emotionally ... he'd be in his own world. That passivity made you crazy."<ref name="surface" /> In 1987, Hartman married former model and aspiring actress Brynn Omdahl<!--She took the surname Hartman after her marriage, thus, per https://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Biography#People_with_the_same_surname , is referred to by name as "Brynn" to distinguish her from "Phil".--> (born Vicki Jo Omdahl, April&nbsp;11, 1958&nbsp;– May&nbsp;28, 1998), having met her on a blind date the previous year.<ref name="bookof" /><ref name="surface" /> They had two children, Sean and Birgen Hartman. The marriage had difficulties; she was reportedly intimidated by his success and was frustrated that she could not find any on her own, although neither party wanted a divorce. She was reported to have been jealous and often verbally or physically abusive, even sending a letter to his ex-wife, threatening to "rip eyes out" if she spoke to him again.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://heavy.com/entertainment/2019/09/brynn-hartman-5-fast-facts/|title=Brynn Hartman: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know|first=Valerie|last=Thompson|date=September 20, 2019|access-date=November 8, 2019|archive-date=November 8, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191108072820/https://heavy.com/entertainment/2019/09/brynn-hartman-5-fast-facts/|url-status=live}}</ref> Hartman considered retiring to save the marriage.<ref name="surface" />


Hartman tried to get Brynn acting roles, but she became progressively reliant on alcohol and narcotics, entering ] several times. On multiple occasions, he removed their children from the household to stay with friends or family because of her drug- and alcohol-fueled outbursts.<ref name="bookof" /> Because of his close friendship with ''SNL'' associate ], Brynn "joked" on occasion Hooks and Hartman were married "on some other level".<ref name="hooks">{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1998/06/02/1998-06-02__snl__co-star_remembers_her_.html|title='SNL' Co-Star Remembers Her Hartman|access-date=October 12, 2008|date=June 12, 1998|author=Bianculli, David|work=]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101113044046/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1998/06/02/1998-06-02__snl__co-star_remembers_her_.html|archive-date=November 13, 2010}}</ref> Brynn had written threatening letters addressed to Hooks, warning her to not get close to her husband, but they appeared to have never even been sent, being discovered in her belongings following her death.
==Death==
On the evening of May 27, 1998, Brynn Hartman visited the Italian restaurant ] in ], California, with producer and writer Christine Zander, who said she was "in a good frame of mind". After returning to the couple's ] home, Brynn started a "heated" argument with Hartman, who threatened to leave her if she started using drugs again, and went to bed.<ref name="surface"/> While Hartman slept, Brynn entered his bedroom shortly before 3&nbsp;a.m. with a .38 caliber handgun and fatally shot him twice in the head and once in his side.<ref name="surface"/> She was intoxicated, and had recently taken ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/08/brynn.hartman.drugged/index.html|title=Coroner: Hartman's wife on drugs, drunk|date=1998-06-08|accessdate=2008-10-25|publisher=CNN}}</ref>


], Hartman's ''NewsRadio'' co-star, said few people knew "the real Phil Hartman", as he was "one of those people who never seemed to come out of character", but he nevertheless gave the impression of a family man who cared deeply for his children.<ref name=must>{{cite book|title=The Show Must Go On: How the Deaths of Lead Actors Have Affected Television Series|year=2008|author=Snauffer, Douglas|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-3295-0|page=162}}</ref> Hartman befriended ] during his time on ''NewsRadio'' and confided his marital problems to him. Rogan said that he encouraged Hartman to divorce Brynn five times, but " loved his kids and didn't want to leave".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-56377185.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204003316/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-56377185.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 February 2017|title=Pal urged Hartman to dump 'loser'|first1=Gayle|last1=Fee|first2=Laura|last2=Raposa|date=14 June 1998|newspaper=The Boston Herald|access-date=3 February 2016|url-access= }}</ref>
Brynn drove to the home of her friend Ron Douglas and confessed to the killing but initially he did not believe her. The pair drove back to the house in separate cars after which Brynn called another friend and confessed a second time.<ref name="surface"/><ref name="cnn">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/02/hartman/|title=Police say Hartman's wife told friends about shooting|accessdate=2007-06-22|date=1998-06-02|publisher=CNN}}</ref> Upon seeing Hartman's body, Douglas called ] at 6:20&nbsp;a.m. Police subsequently arrived and escorted Douglas and the Hartmans' two children from the premises, by which time Brynn had locked herself in the bedroom and committed suicide, shooting herself once in the head.<ref name="surface"/><ref name="death">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9805/28/hartman/|title=Phil Hartman, wife die in apparent murder–suicide|accessdate=2007-05-25|date=1998-05-28|publisher=CNN}}</ref>


Hartman stated in 1997 that, though a non-practicing Catholic, he displayed a sense of religiousness.<ref name="Rember">{{cite web | title=Rembering Phil Hartman | date=September 2, 2015 | first=Mark | last=Pattison | url=https://www.ncronline.org/books/2017/08/rembering-phil-hartman | access-date=July 20, 2020 | archive-date=July 20, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200720043317/https://www.ncronline.org/books/2017/08/rembering-phil-hartman | url-status=live }}</ref> In his spare time, he enjoyed driving, flying, sailing, marksmanship, and playing the guitar.<ref name="ew" /><ref name="bookof" />
Los Angeles police stated Hartman's death was due to "domestic discord" between the couple.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9805/28/hartman.update/index.html|title=Police: 'Domestic discord' behind Hartman slayings|accessdate=2007-06-22|date=1998-05-28|publisher=CNN}}</ref> A friend recalled that Brynn allegedly "had trouble controlling her anger&nbsp;... She got attention by losing her temper."<ref name="cnn2">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9805/29/hartman.death.folo/|title=Hartman's friends, fans ask: 'What went wrong?'|accessdate=2007-08-16|date=1998-05-29|publisher=CNN}}</ref> A neighbor of the Hartmans told a ] reporter that the couple had been experiencing marital problems: "It's been building, but I didn't think it would lead to this."<ref name="death" /> ] commented that the pair were "a very happy couple, and they always had the appearance of being well-balanced".<ref name="death" />


==Murder==
Other causes for the incident were later suggested. Before committing the act, Brynn was taking the antidepressant drug ]. A wrongful-death lawsuit was filed in 1999 by Brynn's brother, Gregory Omdahl, against the drug's manufacturer, ], and her child's psychiatrist Arthur Sorosky, who provided samples of Zoloft to Brynn.<ref>{{cite news|title=Makers Of Antidepressant Sued In Hartman Deaths|date=1999-05-29|work=]|page=A2}}</ref> Hartman's friend and former ''SNL'' colleague ] has accused Hartman's former ''NewsRadio'' co-star ] of re-introducing Brynn to ], causing her to relapse and suffer a nervous breakdown. Dick claims to have known nothing of her condition.<ref name=dick/> In 2006, Lovitz claimed that Dick had approached him at a restaurant and said, "I put the Phil Hartman hex on you; you're the next one to die."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.aol.com/entertainment/television/story/_a/did-jon-lovitz-pummel-andy-dick/20070718073609990001|title='Hartman Hex' Led to Lovitz-Dick Dustup|publisher=]|date=2007-07-18|accessdate=2010-08-24}}</ref><ref name="king"/> The following year at the ] comedy club in ], Lovitz and Dick had a further altercation over the issue.<ref name="king">{{cite interview|last=Lovitz|first=Jon|subjectlink=Jon Lovitz|interviewer=]|callsign=]|city=]|date=2007-07-20|program=''Larry King Live''|programlink=Larry King Live}}</ref> Dick does not believe he is at fault in relation to Hartman's death.<ref name=dick>{{cite interview|last=Dick|first=Andy|subjectlink=Andy Dick|interviewer=]|callsign=TomGreen.com|date=2007-07-23|program=''Tom Green's House Tonight''|programlink=Tom Green's House Tonight}}</ref>
On May 27, 1998, Hartman's wife, Brynn, visited the Italian restaurant ] in ], with producer and writer ], who said she was "in a good frame of mind"; they had drinks. After returning home, Brynn had a "heated" argument with Hartman, after which he went to bed.<ref name="surface"/> She entered his bedroom some time before {{nowrap|3:00 a.m.}} ] on May 28, 1998, and, as he slept, she fatally shot him once between the eyes, once in the throat and once in the upper chest with a ] ] revolver.<ref name="surface"/> Hartman was 49 years old. Brynn was taking ], had been drinking alcohol, and had recently used ].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/08/brynn.hartman.drugged/index.html |title=Coroner: Hartman's wife on drugs, drunk |date=June 8, 1998 |access-date=August 25, 2021 |newspaper=CNN}}</ref>


Brynn then drove to the home of her friend Ron Douglas and confessed to the killing but he did not believe her. They drove back to the house in separate cars and she called another friend and confessed a second time.<ref name="surface"/><ref name="cnn">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/02/hartman|title=Police say Hartman's wife told friends about shooting|access-date=June 22, 2007|date=June 2, 1998|publisher=CNN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010827080110/http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/02/hartman/|archive-date=27 August 2001}}</ref> Upon seeing Hartman's body, Douglas called ] at {{nowrap|6:20 a.m.}} Police arrived and escorted Douglas and the Hartmans' two children from the premises, by which time Brynn had locked herself in the bedroom. Shortly afterward, she shot and killed herself with a .38-caliber ] revolver.<ref name="surface"/><ref name= "death">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9805/28/hartman/|title=Phil Hartman, wife die in apparent murder–suicide|access-date=May 25, 2007|date=May 28, 1998|publisher=CNN|archive-date=May 11, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070511134410/http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9805/28/hartman/|url-status=live}}</ref>
Brynn's sister Katharine Omdahl and brother-in-law Mike Wright are raising the two Hartman children in ]. Hartman's will stipulated that each child will receive their inheritance over several years after they turn 25. The total value of Hartman's estate was estimated at $1.23&nbsp;million.<ref name="cnn" /> As per Hartman's will, his body was ] by ] in Glendale, California, and his ashes were scattered over ]'s Emerald Bay.<ref name="cnn" /><ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/05/hartman/index.html|title=Family members hold private memorial for Hartmans|accessdate=2008-11-01|date=1998-06-05|publisher=CNN}}</ref>

The police stated Hartman's death was caused by "domestic discord" between the couple.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9805/28/hartman.update|title=Police: 'Domestic discord' behind Hartman slayings|access-date=June 22, 2007|date=May 28, 1998|publisher=CNN|archive-date=May 27, 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050527013338/http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9805/28/hartman.update/|url-status=live}}</ref> A neighbor of the Hartmans told a ] reporter that the couple had marital problems. Yet actor ] said they had been "a very happy couple and they always had the appearance of being well-balanced".<ref name="death"/>

Brynn's brother, Gregory Omdahl, filed a wrongful death lawsuit in 1999 against both ], the manufacturer of Zoloft, and his sister’s ], Arthur Sorosky, who had provided samples of the antidepressant to Brynn.<ref>{{cite news|title=Makers of Antidepressant Sued In Hartman Deaths|date=May 29, 1999|work= ]|page=A2}}</ref> Pfizer later settled the lawsuit without an admission of any wrongdoing.<ref name="abc_2019">{{cite news |last1=Yang |first1=Allie |last2=Gowen |first2=Gwen |last3=Lopez |first3=Ed |title=The man behind the laughter: 'SNL,' 'Simpsons' star Phil Hartman's life off-screen before his violent death |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/man-laughter-snl-simpsons-star-phil-hartmans-life/story?id=65642867 |access-date=14 October 2023 |work=ABC News |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219210846/https://abcnews.go.com/US/man-laughter-snl-simpsons-star-phil-hartmans-life/story?id=65642867 |archive-date=19 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Hartman's friend and former ''SNL'' colleague ] has accused Hartman's ''NewsRadio'' co-star ] of reintroducing Brynn to cocaine, causing her to relapse and suffer a nervous breakdown. Dick claimed to have known nothing of her condition.<ref name=dick/> Lovitz later said he no longer blamed Dick for Hartman's murder but in 2006, Lovitz claimed Dick had approached him at a restaurant and said, "I put the Phil Hartman hex on you. You're the next one to die." Lovitz then had him ejected from the restaurant.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.aol.com/entertainment/television/story/_a/did-jon-lovitz-pummel-andy-dick/20070718073609990001 |title='Hartman Hex' Led to Lovitz-Dick Dustup |date=July 18, 2007 |access-date=August 24, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928145321/http://news.aol.com/entertainment/television/story/_a/did-jon-lovitz-pummel-andy-dick/20070718073609990001 |archive-date=September 28, 2010 |publisher=]}}</ref><ref name="king"/> The following year at the ] comedy club in Los Angeles, Lovitz and Dick had another argument with Lovitz slamming Dick's head into the bar.<ref name="king">{{cite interview|last=Lovitz|first=Jon|subject-link=Jon Lovitz|interviewer=]|publisher=]|location=]|date=July 20, 2007|work=Larry King Live|title=Interview}}</ref> Dick asserted he was not at fault in relation to Hartman's death.<ref name=dick>{{cite interview|last=Dick|first=Andy|subject-link=Andy Dick|interviewer=]|publisher=TomGreen.com|date=July 23, 2007|work=Tom Green's House Tonight|title=Interview}}</ref>

Brynn's sister Katharine Omdahl and brother-in-law Mike Wright raised the two Hartman children.<ref name="cnn"/> Hartman's will stipulated each child would inherit money over several years after turning 25. The total value of Hartman's estate was estimated at {{nowrap|$1.23 million}}.<ref name="cnn"/> In accordance with their wishes, both Hartman's and Brynn's bodies were ] by ], and their ashes were scattered over ]'s Emerald Bay. Hartman has a headstone with wife Brynn in ], where Brynn was born.<ref name="cnn"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/05/hartman/index.html|title=Family members hold private memorial for Hartmans|access-date=November 1, 2008|date=June 5, 1998|publisher=CNN|archive-date=August 29, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829032808/http://edition.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/TV/9806/05/hartman/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


===Response and legacy=== ===Response and legacy===
Hartman was deeply mourned in ]. NBC executive ] stated that Hartman "was blessed with a tremendous gift for creating characters that made people laugh. Everyone who had the pleasure of working with Phil knows that he was a man of tremendous warmth, a true professional and a loyal friend."<ref name="death" /> Steve Guttenberg expressed his shock at Hartman's death, and ] said he was "a deeply funny and very happy person".<ref name="death" /> Matt Groening called him "a master",<ref name="ew" /> while director ] said "He was one of those guys who was a dream to work with. I don't know anybody who didn't like him."<ref name=intel/> Dan Snierson of '']'' concluded that Hartman was "the last person you'd expect to read about in lurid headlines in your morning paper," and "a decidedly regular guy, beloved by everyone he worked with".<ref name="ew" /> In 2007 ''Entertainment Weekly'' ranked Hartman the eighty-seventh greatest television icon of all time,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20152957_20152958_20159463_13,00.html|title=Greatest TV Icons: Nos. 100–51|accessdate=2007-12-19|work=Entertainment Weekly}}</ref> and '']'' named Hartman the top ''Saturday Night Live'' performer of all time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://maximonline.com/slideshows/index.aspx?slideId=3716&imgCollectId=194&src=jb203|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070930165544/http://maximonline.com/slideshows/index.aspx?slideId=3716&imgCollectId=194&src=jb203|archivedate=2007-09-30|title=The Best Saturday Night Live Performers|accessdate=2007-12-19|work=]}}</ref> NBC executive ] stated that Hartman "was blessed with a tremendous gift for creating characters who made people laugh. Everyone who had the pleasure of working with Phil knows that he was a man of tremendous warmth, a true professional and a loyal friend."<ref name="death"/> Guttenberg expressed shock at Hartman's death and ] said he was "a deeply funny and very happy person".<ref name="death"/> ] called him "a master"<ref name="ew"/> and director ] said "He was one of those guys who was a dream to work with. I don't know anybody who didn't like him."<ref name=intel/> Dan Snierson of '']'' concluded that Hartman was "the last person you'd expect to read about in lurid headlines in your morning paper" and "a decidedly regular guy, beloved by everyone he worked with".<ref name="ew"/> In 2007, ''Entertainment Weekly'' ranked Hartman the 87th greatest television icon of all time,<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20152957_20152958_20159463_13,00.html|title=Greatest TV Icons: Nos. 100–51|access-date=December 19, 2007|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|archive-date=December 3, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203011443/http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0%2C%2C20152957_20152958_20159463_13%2C00.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and '']'' named him the top ''Saturday Night Live'' performer of all time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://maximonline.com/slideshows/index.aspx?slideId=3716&imgCollectId=194&src=jb203|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165544/http://maximonline.com/slideshows/index.aspx?slideId=3716&imgCollectId=194&src=jb203|archive-date=September 30, 2007|title=The Best Saturday Night Live Performers|access-date=December 19, 2007|work=]}}</ref>


Rehearsals for ''The Simpsons'' were canceled on the day of Hartman's death, as was that night's performance by ].<ref name="ew" /> The ] premiere episode of ''NewsRadio'', "Bill Moves On", finds Hartman's character, Bill McNeal, has died of a heart attack, while the other characters reminisced about his life. Jon Lovitz joined the show in his place from the following episode.<ref name="finalep"/> A special episode of ''Saturday Night Live'' commemorating Hartman's work on the show aired on June 13, 1998.<ref>{{cite news|title=SNL Salutes Hartman|accessdate=2008-10-26|date=1998-06-13|work=]|page=3E}}</ref> Rather than substituting another voice actor, the writers of ''The Simpsons'' retired Hartman's characters,<ref name="inter">{{cite interview|last=Groening|first=Matt|subjectlink=Matt Groening|interviewer=Terry Gross|title=Fresh Air|program =]|callsign=]|url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4249835|city=Philadelphia|date=2004-12-29|accessdate=2008-11-09}}</ref> and the ] episode "]" (his final appearance on the show) was dedicated to him.<ref name="finalep">{{cite news|title=Tributes To A Star And His Voices|accessdate=2008-10-24|date=1998-09-23|work=The Record|author=Rohan, Virginia|page=Y8}}</ref> On the day of Hartman's death, rehearsals for ''The Simpsons'' and that night's performance by ] were canceled.<ref name="ew"/> The ] premiere episode of ''NewsRadio'', "Bill Moves On" (aired September 23, the day before what would have been his 50th birthday) finds Hartman's character, Bill McNeal, has died of a heart attack, while the other characters reminisce about his life. Lovitz joined the show in his place beginning with the next episode.<ref name="finalep"/> An episode that ended a season of '']'', where Hartman played a flamboyant recurring character who ends up kidnapping Harry was scrapped due it being a ] which would have been resolved in the subsequent season premiere, as well as to show respect for Phil's death. A special episode of ''Saturday Night Live'' commemorating Hartman's work on the show aired on June 13, 1998, which ended with one of Hartman's performances showing a widow reflecting on her deceased husband played by Phil.<ref>{{cite news|title=SNL Salutes Hartman|date=June 13, 1998|work=]|page=3E}}</ref> Rather than substituting another voice actor, the writers of ''The Simpsons'' retired Hartman's characters.<ref name="inter">{{cite interview|last=Groening|first=Matt|subject-link=Matt Groening|interviewer=Terry Gross|title=Fresh Air|work=]|publisher=]|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4249835|location=Philadelphia|date=December 29, 2004|access-date=November 9, 2008|archive-date=June 10, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070610050752/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4249835|url-status=live}}</ref> His final appearance in the ] episode "]" is dedicated to him.<ref name="finalep">{{cite news|title=Tributes To A Star And His Voices|date=September 23, 1998|work=The Record|author=Rohan, Virginia|page=Y8}}</ref> '']'' was dedicated to Phil Hartman, being his final film to be released in movie theatres.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movies/movie/163033/Small-Soldiers/overview|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140101004902/http://www.nytimes.com/movies/movie/163033/Small-Soldiers/overview|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 1, 2014|department=Movies & TV Dept.|work=]|author=Bhob Stewart|title=Small Soldiers (1998)|author-link=Bhob Stewart|date=2013|access-date=May 19, 2014}}</ref>


At the time of his death, Hartman was preparing to voice ], a character written specifically for him on Groening's second animated series '']''.<ref name="west" /> Following Hartman's death, ''Futurama'''s lead character ] was named in his honor and ] took over the role of Brannigan.<ref name="west" /> West later said that he purposely tweaked Zapp's voice to better match Hartman's intended portrayal.<ref name="west">{{cite web|url=http://www.tvsquad.com/2006/06/15/billy-west-the-tv-squad-interview/|title=Billy West: The TV Squad Interview|accessdate=2007-06-09|date=2006-06-15|author=Keller, Joel|work=]}}</ref> Hartman was also planning to appear with Jon Lovitz in the ] ''The Day of Swine and Roses'' scheduled to begin production in August 1998.<ref name="ew" /> Hartman was preparing to voice ], a character written specifically for him on Groening's second animated series '']'', at the time of his death.<ref name="west"/> Even though the role was specifically made for him, Hartman still insisted on trying out for the role. About a week before his death, he auditioned for Groening and ''Futurama'' executive producer ]. Groening wrote that Hartman "blew us away with his performances".<ref name="simpsons comics">{{ cite comic | writer=Groening, Matt | story =The Bongo Beat: Phil Hartman (1948–1998) | title = ] | issue = 37|url=https://www.simpsonsarchive.com/guides/comics_artists_phil-hartman.html | date = June 1998| publisher =] | page = | id =}}</ref> After Hartman's death, ] took over the role.<ref name="west"/> Though Cohen credits West with using his own take on the character,<ref>]; ] (2002). Commentary for "]", in ''Futurama: Season 1'' . 20th Century Fox</ref> West later said that he purposely tweaked Zapp's voice to better match Hartman's intended portrayal.<ref name="west">{{cite web|url=http://www.aoltv.com/2006/06/15/billy-west-the-tv-squad-interview/|title=Billy West: The TV Squad Interview|access-date=September 27, 2014|date=June 15, 2006|author=Keller, Joel|work=]|archive-date=July 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712175554/http://www.aoltv.com/2006/06/15/billy-west-the-tv-squad-interview/|url-status=live}}</ref> Hartman was planning to appear with Lovitz in the ] ''The Day of Swine and Roses,'' scheduled to begin production in August 1998.<ref name="ew"/>


Laugh.com and Hartman's brother John Hartmann published the album ''Flat TV'' in 2002. The album is a selection of comedy sketches recorded by Hartman in the 1970s which had been kept in storage until their release. Hartmann commented: "I'm putting this out there because I'm dedicating my life to fulfilling his dreams. This is my brother doing what he loved."<ref>{{cite news|title=Hartman's brother releases posthumous CD|work=]|date=2002-12-13|agency=Associated Press|page=D06}}</ref> A 2010 campaign started on ] by Alex Stevens and endorsed by Hartman's brother Paul to have Hartman inducted to ] ended in failure. However, it is likely he will be inducted to both the Canadian and ] at some point.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.brantfordexpositor.ca/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=2616170&auth=SUSAN%20GAMBLE|title=No star yet for Hartman|author=Gamble, Susan|work=]|accessdate=2010-08-04}}</ref> In 2002, Laugh.com and Hartman's brother John published the album ''Flat TV'', a selection of comedy sketches recorded by Hartman in the 1970s, which had been kept in storage. John Hartmann commented: "I'm putting this out there because I'm dedicating my life to fulfilling his dreams. This is my brother doing what he loved."<ref>{{cite news|title=Hartman's brother releases posthumous CD|work=]|date=December 13, 2002|agency=Associated Press|page=D06}}</ref> ''Flat TV'' was optioned for an animated adaptation by ]'s animation company ] in 2013.<ref>{{cite web|last=Adams|first=Erik|title=Phil Hartman's Flat TV lets the late comic performer voice one final cartoon|date=May 8, 2013 |url=https://www.avclub.com/phil-hartman-s-flat-tv-lets-the-late-comic-performer-vo-1798237961|publisher=Onion Inc.|access-date=May 8, 2013|archive-date=June 6, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606185427/http://www.avclub.com/articles/phil-hartmans-flat-tv-lets-the-late-comic-performe%2C97471/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Worker Studio|title=Phil Hartman's Flat TV, Comedy Album In Development as Animated Film at Worker Studio|url=http://www.worker-studio.com/phil-hartmans-flat-tv.html|publisher=Worker Studio LLC|access-date=May 8, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203030902/http://www.worker-studio.com/phil-hartmans-flat-tv.html|archive-date=December 3, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The deal came about after ], a partner in the company, posted online a handwritten letter he had received from Hartman in 1997, leading to a correspondence between Scott and Paul Hartmann.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cangialosi|first=Jason|title=From Fan Letter to Feature Film: 'Phil Hartman's Flat TV'|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/from-fan-letter-feature-film-phil-hartmans-flat-12256829.html?cat=49|publisher=Yahoo!|access-date=July 29, 2013|date=July 29, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204054346/http://voices.yahoo.com/from-fan-letter-feature-film-phil-hartmans-flat-12256829.html?cat=49|archive-date=December 4, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

A campaign was started on ] by Alex Stevens in 2007, and endorsed by Hartman's brother Paul, to have Phil inducted to ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.brantfordexpositor.ca/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=2616170&auth=SUSAN%20GAMBLE|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402185626/http://www.brantfordexpositor.ca/ArticleDisplay.aspx?e=2616170&auth=SUSAN%20GAMBLE|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 2, 2012|title=No star yet for Hartman|author=Gamble, Susan|work=]|access-date=August 4, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/arts/story.html?id=2731706|title=First Person: A brother's quest to enshrine Phil Hartman on Canada's Walk of Fame|work=]|date=March 26, 2010|access-date=September 18, 2011|author1=Kaplan, Ben|author2=Hartmann, Paul}}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Among the campaign's numerous publicity events, Ben Miner of the ] channel ] dedicated the month of April 2012 to Hartman. The campaign ended in success and Hartman was inducted on September 22, 2012, to the Walk of Fame, with Paul accepting the award on his late brother's behalf. Hartman was also awarded the Cineplex Legends Award.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/1213597--phil-hartman-comedian-gets-a-star-on-canada-s-walk-of-fame?bn=1|title=Phil Hartman: Comedian gets a star on Canada's Walk of Fame|work=]|date=June 19, 2012|access-date=June 19, 2012|author=Wong, Tony|archive-date=April 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417082511/https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/2012/06/19/phil_hartman_comedian_gets_a_star_on_canadas_walk_of_fame.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/all/Randy+Bachman+Sarah+McLachlan+Phil+Hartman+stars/7284186/story.html|title=Randy Bachman, Sarah McLachlan, Phil Hartman get stars on Canada's Walk of Fame|author=Patch, Nick|date=September 23, 2012|work=Global News}}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In June 2013, it was announced that Hartman would receive a star on the ], which was unveiled on August 26, 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/2013/biz/awards/walk-of-fame-announces-2014-honorees-1200500182/|work=]|title=Walk of Fame Announces 2014 Honorees|author=Tepper, Allegra|access-date=August 20, 2014|date=June 20, 2013|archive-date=September 25, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925050300/http://variety.com/2013/biz/awards/walk-of-fame-announces-2014-honorees-1200500182/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Hartman To Get Star On Hollywood Walk Of Fame|url=http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2014/08/23/hartman-to-get-star-on-hollywood-walk-of-fame/|access-date=August 26, 2014|publisher=CBS|date=August 23, 2014|archive-date=August 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812113830/http://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2014/08/23/hartman-to-get-star-on-hollywood-walk-of-fame/|url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, a special prize at the ] was named for Hartman. Beginning with the 13th Canadian Comedy Awards in 2012, the Phil Hartman Award was awarded to "an individual who helps to better the Canadian comedy community".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://arts.nationalpost.com/2012/06/07/cancelled-series-michael-tuesdays-thursdays-leads-canadian-comedy-awards-nominees/|title=Cancelled series Michael: Tuesdays & Thursdays leads Canadian Comedy Awards nominees|work=]|access-date=June 8, 2012|date=June 7, 2012|last=Phan | first=Rachel|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130129202147/http://arts.nationalpost.com/2012/06/07/cancelled-series-michael-tuesdays-thursdays-leads-canadian-comedy-awards-nominees/|archive-date=January 29, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> In 2015, '']'' magazine ranked Hartman as one of the ten greatest ''Saturday Night Live'' cast members throughout the show's forty-year history, coming in seventh on its list of all 141 members.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv/lists/saturday-night-live-all-141-cast-members-ranked-20150211/7-phil-hartman-20150211|title=7. Phil Hartman|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=February 11, 2015|access-date=August 23, 2015|archive-date=September 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924225344/http://www.rollingstone.com/tv/lists/saturday-night-live-all-141-cast-members-ranked-20150211/7-phil-hartman-20150211|url-status=live}}</ref>


==Filmography== ==Filmography==
===Films=== ===Film===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+Film work by Phil Hartman
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year !scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Title
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role !scope="col"| Role
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes !scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 1978
!scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=74}}
| ]'s Assistant
|
|- |-
| rowspan="2"|1980 | rowspan="2" | 1980
| '']'' !scope="row" data-sort-value="Gong Show Movie, The"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=75}}
| Man at airport with gun | Man at airport with gun
| Credited as "Phil Hartmann" | Credited as Phil Hartmann
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=75}}
| Actor being filmed in the background | Actor being filmed in the background
| |
|- |-
| 1982 | 1982
!scope="row"| '']''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Phil Hartman - Rotten Tomatoes|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/phil_hartman|access-date=2021-06-13|website=]|language=en}}</ref>
| '']''
| Reporter | Reporter
| Credited as "Phil Hartmann" | Credited as Phil Hartmann
|- |-
| 1984 | 1984
!scope="row"| '']''<ref>{{Citation|title=Weekend Pass|url=https://mubi.com/films/weekend-pass|work=MUBI|language=en-US|access-date=2021-08-26}}</ref>
| '']''
| Joe Chicago | Joe Chicago
| |
|- |-
| 1985 | 1985
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=115}}
| Reporter<br />Rodeo Announcer | Reporter / Rodeo announcer
| Also co-wrote screenplay | Also co-writer
|- |-
| rowspan="3"|1986 | rowspan="3" | 1986
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=117}}
| Jean-Michel | Jean-Michel
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=117}}
| Fred | Fred
| Credited as "Phil E. Hartmann" | rowspan="2" | Credited as Phil E. Hartmann
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=117}}
| Sam | Sam
| Credited as "Philip E. Hartmann"
|- |-
| rowspan="3"|1987 | rowspan="3" | 1987
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=135}}
| Ted Davis | Ted Davis
| |
|- |-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Brave Little Toaster, The"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=114}}<ref name="btva">{{cite web |title=Phil Hartman (visual voices guide) |url=http://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/Phil-Hartman/ |access-date=November 30, 2023 |publisher=Behind The Voice Actors}} A green check mark indicates that a role has been confirmed using a screenshot (or collage of screenshots) of a title's list of voice actors and their respective characters found in its credits or other reliable sources of information.</ref>
| '']''
| ] Hanging lamp (credited), ] air conditioner (uncredited)
| Air Conditioner<br />Hanging Lamp
| rowspan="2" | Voice
|
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''<ref name=":0" />
| Baseball announcer | Baseball announcer
|
|- |-
| rowspan="2"|1989 | rowspan="2" | 1989
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=147}}
| Bly Manager | Bly manager
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''
| Bennedict | Bennedict
| |
|- |-
| 1990 | 1990
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''
| Hal Edison | Hal Edison
| |
|- |-
| rowspan="4"|1993 | rowspan="4" | 1993
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''<ref name=":0" />
| Officer Davis | Officer Davis
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=176}}
| Virgil Robinson | Virgil Robinson
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=176}}
| Marlax | Marlax
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=176}}
| John "Vicky" Johnson<br />Alcatraz guide | John "Vicky" Johnson
| |
|- |-
| rowspan="2"|1994 | rowspan="2" | 1994
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=191}}
| Frank | Frank McTeague
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row" data-sort-value="Pagemaster, The"| '']''<ref name="btva" />
| Tom Morgan | Tom Morgan
|Voice
|
|- |-
| rowspan="3"|1995 | rowspan="3" | 1995
| ''The Crazysitter'' !scope="row" data-sort-value="Crazysitter, The"| '']''<ref name=":0" />
| The Salesman | The Salesman
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=201}}
| Gary Young | Gary Young
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''
| Announcer | Announcer
| Uncredited | Uncredited
|- |-
| rowspan="2"|1996 | rowspan="2" | 1996
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=117}}
| Major Colin Thorn | Major Colin Thorn
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=232}}
| Ted Maltin | Ted Maltin
| |
|- |-
| rowspan="3"|1998 | rowspan="3" | 1998
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=235}}<ref name="btva" />
| Jiji | Jiji
|Voice, Disney English dub; Posthumously released, dedicated in memory
| English dub of Japanese film 'Majo no takkyûbin';<br />posthumously released
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=233}}
| Phil Fimple | Phil Fimple
| Posthumously released | Posthumously released, dedicated in memory
|- |-
| ''Buster & Chauncey's Silent Night'' !scope="row"|'']''<ref name=":0" />
|Chauncey
| Additional voices
| Posthumously released |Voice, direct-to-video; Posthumously released (final film role)
|} |}


===Television=== === Television ===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+Television work by Phil Hartman
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year !scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Title
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Show
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role !scope="col"| Role
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes !scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|- |-
| 1979 | 1979
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=75}}
| Additional voices | Additional voices ||
|
|- |-
| 1980 | 1980
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Six O'Clock Follies, The" | ''The Six O'Clock Follies''<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Six O'Clock Follies with Laurence Fishburne & Phil Hartman - Sitcoms Online Photo Galleries|url=https://www.sitcomsonline.com/photopost/showphoto.php/photo/25489/cat/1484|access-date=2021-08-24|website=www.sitcomsonline.com}}</ref>
| ''The Six O'Clock Follies''
| Unnamed role | Unnamed role ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1981
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Pee-wee Herman Show, The" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=88}}
| ] / Monsieur LeCroc || Television special; also writer
|-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Smurfs, The" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=75}}
| rowspan="2" | Additional voices ||
|-
|1982
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Little Rascals, The" | '']''
| |
|- |-
| rowspan="2"|1981 | rowspan="2" | 1983
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Pop 'N Rocker Game, The" | '']''
| '']''
| Announcer ||
| ]
|-
| Also writer
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Dukes, The" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=117}}
| rowspan="4" | Various voices || 7 episodes
|- |-
| rowspan="4" | 1984
| '']''
!scope="row" |'']''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gencarelli|first=Mike|date=2014-05-14|title=DVD Review "Challenge of the Gobots: The Series, Volume One"|url=https://mediamikes.com/2014/05/dvd-review-challenge-of-the-gobots-the-series-volume-one/|access-date=2021-08-24|website=MediaMikes|language=en-US}}</ref>
| Additional voices
| |
|- |-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="New Scooby Doo Mysteries, The" | '']''
| 1983
|
| '']''
| Announcer
|
|- |-
!scope="row" |'']''
| rowspan="2"|1984
| '']''
| Additional voices
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=117}}
| Newsreader | Newsreader || Episode: "The Legacy of Garwood Huddle"
| Episode 5.4: "The Legacy of Garwood Huddle"
|- |-
| 1985 | rowspan="3" | 1985
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''
| Drake|| Episode: "27 Candles"
| Additional voice
| Episode 1.9: "It's a Wonderful Scoob"
|- |-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo, The" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=75}}
| 1986
| Additional voices || Episode: "It's a Wonderful Scoob"
| '']''
| Henry Mitchell<br />George Wilson<br />Various characters
| Replaced by ] after the first season.
|- |-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Jetsons, The" | '']''<ref>{{Citation|title=The Jetsons|url=https://www.metacritic.com/tv/the-jetsons|work=Metacritic|access-date=2021-08-24}}</ref>
| 1986–1987
| School Patrol robots / Executive Vice-president || Voice, episode: "Boy George"
| '']''
|-
| Captain Carl
| rowspan="2" | 1986
| Series regular; left after season one.
!scope="row" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=117}}
| Henry Mitchell / George Wilson / Various voices ||
|-
!scope="row" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=118}}
| Captain Carl || 6 episodes
|- |-
| 1986–1994 | 1986–1994
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":0" />
| Various characters | Various characters || 155 episodes; also writer
| Also writer<br />Main cast member; appeared in 155 episodes.
|- |-
| 1987 | rowspan="2" | 1987
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=135}}
| Captain Frye || Voice, episode: "Scrooge's Pet"
| Sea Captain
|-
| Episode 1.56: "Scrooge's Pet"
!scope="row" | '']''
| rowspan="3" | Additional voices ||
|- |-
| 1988 | 1988
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''
| Additional voices
| |
|- |-
| rowspan="5"|1990 | rowspan="6" | 1990
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''
| Episode: "One Sweet and Sour Chinese Adventure to Go"
| Additional voices
| Episode 1.1: "One Sweet and Sour Chinese Adventure to Go"
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row" | ''On the Television''
| Various characters | Various characters || Episode: "M. Superior"
| Episode 1.13: "M. Superior"
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Ritzen|first=Stacey|date=2014-09-24|title=All The Times You May Have Seen Or Heard Phil Hartman On TV As A Kid And Not Even Known It|url=https://uproxx.com/tv/all-the-times-you-may-have-seen-or-heard-phil-hartman-on-tv-as-a-kid-and-not-even-known-it/|access-date=2021-08-24|website=UPROXX|language=en-US}}</ref>
| '']''
| Ace London | Ace London || Voice, episode: "Mach One for the Gipper"
| Episode 1.56: "Mach One for the Gipper"
|- |-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Adventures of Don Coyote and Sancho Panda, The" | '']''
| '']''
| Additional voices |Additional voices
| |
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''
| Billy Headstone || Voice, episode: ″Cleo's Pen Pal″
| Octavius
| Episode 1.45: "Whale's Tales"
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":1" /><ref name="btva" />
| rowspan="4"|1991
| Octavius || Voice, episode: "Whale's Tales"
| '']''
| Russian Ambassador
| Episode 2.1: "Mind Pollution"; uncredited
|- |-
| rowspan="5" | 1991
| '']''
!scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":1" />
| Tim Cornell
| Dimitri the Russian Ambassador / TV Reporter || Voice, episode: "Mind Pollution"
| Episode 3.18: "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner?"
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''
| Employee of the ABC Moving Company
| Paddywhack
| Episode 1.56: "The Haunting of Mr. Banana Brain" | Episode: 2800
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Episode Guide: Season 3 – Empty Nest TV|url=http://emptynesttv.com/home/episodes/episode-guide/episode-guide-season-3/|access-date=2021-08-24|website=Empty Nest TV|language=en-US}}</ref>
| ''One Special Victory''
| Tim Cornell || Episode: "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner?"
| Mike Rutten
| TV film
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":0" />
| 1991–1998
| Paddywhack || Voice, episode: "The Haunting of Mr. Banana Brain"
| '']''
| ]<br />]<br />Various characters
| Recurring guest star; appeared in 54 episodes.<br />"]" aired posthumously
|- |-
!scope="row" | ''One Special Victory''
| 1992
| Mike Rutten || Television film
| '']''
| Phil Diamond
| Episode 3.9: "Lewis and Son"
|- |-
| 1991–1998
| rowspan="4"|1993
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Simpsons, The" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=2}}
| ''Daybreak''
| ] / ] / Various others || Voice, 52 episodes<!--ignoring archive footage-->
| Man in abstinence commercial
| TV film; uncredited
|- |-
| 1991–1993
| '']''
!scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":0" />
| Dan Anchorman
| Calaboose Cal || Voice
| Episode 1.41: "Broadcast Nusiance"
|- |-
| rowspan="3" | 1992
| ''The Twelve Days of Christmas''
!scope="row" | '']''
| Additional voice
| Inspector C. Bass || Voice, episode: "A Fish Out of Water"
| TV film
|- |-
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''
| Phil Diamond || Episode: "Lewis and Son"
| Himself
| Episode 2.4: "The Stalker"
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":1" />
| 1994
| Monkeynaut #1 / Psycho Bunny || Voice, 2 episodes
| '']''
| Adolph Hitmaker<br />Bernie Wasserman<br />Professor Blowhard
| Episode 1.6: "Eyes on the Prize"
|- |-
| rowspan="3"|1995 | rowspan="5" | 1993
!scope="row" | ''Daybreak''
| ''The Show Formerly Known as the Martin Short Show''
| Man in abstinence commercial || Uncredited; Television film
| Various characters
|-
!scope="row" |'']''
|Additional voices
| |
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":1" /><ref name="btva" />
| '']''
| Dan Anchorman || Voice, episode: "Broadcast Nuisance"
| Otto Friedling
| Episode 3.4: "A Moveable Feast"
|- |-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Twelve Days of Christmas, The" | ''The Twelve Days of Christmas''
| '']''
| Additional voices || Television film
| Gunther Johann
|-
| Episode 1.23: "Illegal Alien Star Search"
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Larry Sanders Show, The" | '']''<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Larry Sanders Show: "The List"/"The Stalker"|url=https://www.avclub.com/the-larry-sanders-show-the-list-the-stalker-1798170481|access-date=2021-08-24|website=The A.V. Club|date=November 8, 2011 |language=en-us}}</ref>
| Himself || Episode: "The Stalker"
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1994
!scope="row" | ''How the Grinch Stole Christmas! Special Edition''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas/Horton Hears A Who!: Special Edition (1966)|url=http://www.dvdmg.com/grinchhorton.shtml|access-date=2021-08-24|website=www.dvdmg.com}}</ref>
| Host || TV Short
|-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Critic, The" | '']''<ref name=":0" />
| Various voices || Episode: "Eyes on the Prize"
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1995
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Show Formerly Known as the Martin Short Show, The" | ''The Show Formerly Known as the Martin Short Show''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ess|first=Ramsey|date=2012-06-29|title=Watching Steve Martin and Martin Short Reunite (Again) on 'The Martin Short Show'|url=https://www.vulture.com/2012/06/watching-steve-martin-and-martin-short-reunite-again-on-the-martin-short-show.html|access-date=2021-08-24|website=Vulture|language=en-us}}</ref>
| Various characters || Television special
|-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="John Larroquette Show, The" | '']''<ref name=":0" />
| Otto Friedling || Episode: "A Moveable Feast"
|-
!scope="row" | '']''
| Gunther Johann || Episode: "Illegal Alien Star Search"
|- |-
| 1995–1998 | 1995–1998
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=209}}
| Bill McNeal | Bill McNeal || 75 episodes
|-
| Main cast member; appeared in 75 episodes.<br />Hartman died between the fourth and fifth seasons.
| rowspan="5" | 1996
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Dana Carvey Show, The" | '']''<ref name=":0" />
| ] || Episode: "The Mountain Dew Dana Carvey Show"
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''
| rowspan="4"|1996
| Host || Uncredited; Episode: "Caroline and the Letter"
| '']''
| ]
| Episode 1.3: "The Mountain Dew Dana Carvey Show"
|- |-
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Ren & Stimpy Show, The" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=208}}
| '']''
| Russian Film Reel Announcer / Sid the Clown || Voice, 2 episodes
| Host
| Episode 2.2: "Caroline and the Letter"; uncredited
|- |-
!scope="row" | '']''<ref>''Seinfeld Season 8: Notes About Nothing - "The Package"'' (DVD). ]. 2007.</ref>
| '']''
| Man on phone || Episode: "]"; uncredited
| Additional voices
| Episodes 5.2: "Space Dogged/Feud for Sale" and 5.4: "Stimpy's Pet/Ren's Brain"
|- |-
!scope="row" | ''Saturday Night Live''<ref name=":0" />
| '']''
| Himself (host) / various roles || rowspan="2" | 2 episodes
| Man on phone
| Episode 8.5: "]"; uncredited
|- |-
| 1996, 1998 | 1996, 1998
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=235}}
| Phillip<br />Randy | Phillip / Randy
| Episodes 1.7: "Lonely Dick" and 3.27: "Eat, Drink, Dick, Mary"
|- |-
| 1997 | 1997
| '']'' !scope="row" data-sort-value="Second Civil War, The" | '']''{{Sfn|Thomas|2014|p=233}}
| ] | ] || Television film
| TV film
|- |-
| 1999 | 1999
| '']'' !scope="row" | '']''<ref name=":0" />
| Game show host || Voice, episode: "The Empress's Nightingale"; Posthumously aired (final appearance)
| Game show host
| Episode 6.4: "The Empress's Nightingale"<br />Final recorded performance; posthumously aired.
|} |}


===Video games=== ===Video games===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+Video game work by Phil Hartman
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year !scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Title
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Game
!scope="col"| Voice roles
! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role
|- |-
| 1997 | 1997
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''
| Troy McClure<br>Lionel Hutz | ] <br />]
|- |-
| 1998 | 1998
| '']'' !scope="row"| '']''
| Captain Blasto | Captain Blasto<ref name="btva" />
|} |}


==References== ==Theater==
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
{{Reflist|2}}
|+Theater work by Phil Hartman
!scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Title
!scope="col"| Role
|-
| 1981
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Pee-wee Herman Show, The" | '']''
| Captain Carl / Monsieur LeCroq
|}


{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
==External links==
|+Theme park attractions with Phil Hartman
*{{imdb name|id=0367005}}
!scope="col"|Year
*{{tv.com person|3166}}
!scope="col"|Title
* at ]
!scope="col"|Voice roles
* at the '']''
|-
|1995
!scope="row"|'']''
|T.O.M. 2000
|-
|1998
!scope="row" data-sort-value="Enchanted Tiki Room (Under New Management), The" | '']''
|Morris
|}


==Discography==
{{Simpsons cast}}
{{EmmyAward ComedyVarietyMusicWriting 1975-2000}}


The following is a list of albums for which Hartman designed the covers.
{{featured article}}


{{incomplete list|date=September 2021}}
<!-- Metadata: see ] -->
'''1974'''
{{Persondata
* ], '']''
|NAME= Hartman, Phil
'''1975'''
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES= Hartmann, Philip Edward
* ], '']''
|SHORT DESCRIPTION= American actor, comedian
* ], '']''
|DATE OF BIRTH= September 24, 1948
'''1976'''
|PLACE OF BIRTH= ], ], ]
* ], ]
|DATE OF DEATH= May 28, 1998
'''1977'''
|PLACE OF DEATH= ], ], United States
* America, '']''
}}
* Poco, '']''
'''1979'''
* America, '']''
'''1980'''
* ], '']''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

=== Book sources ===
{{Cite book|last=Thomas|first=Mike|title=You might remember me: the life and times of Phil Hartman|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=2014|isbn=9781250027962|location=New York}}

==External links==
{{sisterlinks|d=Q366834|c=Category:Phil Hartman|q=Phil Hartman|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|mw=no|m=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no|f=no}}
* {{IMDb name}}
* at ]
* at '']''
*
* , Mike Thomas, '']'', September 21, 2014
{{EmmyAward ComedyVarietyMusicWriting 1980s}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Featured article}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hartman, Phil}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hartman, Phil}}
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Latest revision as of 11:59, 27 December 2024

Canadian-American actor (1948–1998)

Phil Hartman
Hartman in character as Chick Hazard, Private Eye, c. 1978
BornPhilip Edward Hartmann
(1948-09-24)September 24, 1948
Brantford, Ontario, Canada
DiedMay 28, 1998(1998-05-28) (aged 49)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Cause of deathGunshot wounds
Citizenship
  • Canada
  • United States
Alma materCalifornia State University, Northridge (BA)
Occupations
  • Actor
  • comedian
  • screenwriter
  • graphic designer
Years active1969–1998
TelevisionSaturday Night Live
Spouses
  • Gretchen Lewis ​ ​(m. 1970; div. 1972)
  • Lisa Strain ​ ​(m. 1982; div. 1985)
  • Brynn Omdahl ​(m. 1987)
Children2

Philip Edward Hartman ( Hartmann; September 24, 1948 – May 28, 1998) was a Canadian-American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and graphic designer. Hartman was born in Brantford, Ontario, and his family moved to the United States when he was ten years old. After graduating from California State University, Northridge, with a degree in graphic arts, he designed album covers for bands including Poco and America. In 1975, Hartman joined the comedy group the Groundlings, where he helped Paul Reubens develop his character Pee-wee Herman. Hartman co-wrote the film Pee-wee's Big Adventure and made recurring appearances as Captain Carl on Reubens' show Pee-wee's Playhouse.

In 1986, Hartman joined the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live (SNL) as a cast member, and stayed for eight seasons until 1994. Nicknamed "Glue" for his ability to hold the show together and help other cast members, he won a Primetime Emmy Award for his SNL work in 1989. He also starred as Bill McNeal in the sitcom NewsRadio, voiced Lionel Hutz and Troy McClure on The Simpsons, and appeared in supporting roles in the films Houseguest, Sgt. Bilko, Jingle All the Way, and Small Soldiers.

After two divorces, Hartman married Brynn Omdahl, with whom he had two children, in 1987. Their marriage was troubled due to Phil's busy work schedule and Brynn's drug and alcohol abuse. In 1998, while Phil was sleeping in his bed, Brynn shot and killed him, and later killed herself. In the weeks following his murder, Hartman was celebrated in a wave of tributes. Dan Snierson of Entertainment Weekly wrote that Hartman was "the last person you'd expect to read about in lurid headlines in your morning paper ... a decidedly regular guy, beloved by everyone he worked with". He was posthumously inducted into the Canada and Hollywood Walks of Fame in 2012 and 2014, respectively.

Early life

Hartman designed album covers for bands such as Poco

Phil Hartman was born Philip Edward Hartmann (later dropping one "n") on September 24, 1948, in Brantford, Ontario. He was the fourth of eight children of Doris Marguerite (née Wardell; July 17, 1919 – April 15, 2001) and Rupert Loebig Hartmann (November 8, 1914 – April 30, 1998), who sold building materials. The family was Catholic. As a child, Hartman found affection hard to earn: "I suppose I didn't get what I wanted out of my family life, so I started seeking love and attention elsewhere."

Hartman was 10 years old when his family moved to the United States. They first lived in Lewiston, Maine, then Meriden, Connecticut, and then on the West Coast, where he attended Westchester High School and frequently acted as the class clown. After graduating, he studied art at Santa Monica City College, dropping out in 1969 to become a roadie with a rock band. He returned to school in 1972 to study graphic arts at California State University, Northridge. He developed and operated his own graphic art business, creating more than 40 album covers for bands including Poco and America, as well as advertising and the logo for Crosby, Stills & Nash. In the late 1970s, he made his first television appearance on an episode of The Dating Game, where he won.

Career

Graphic Artist

Phil Hartman designed the logo for Crosby, Stills & Nash, along with more than 40 album covers for other popular bands including Poco, America, CSNY, FIRESIGN Theater and Seven.

The Groundlings and Pee-Wee Herman (1975–1985)

Working alone as a graphic artist, Hartman frequently amused himself with "flights of voice fantasies". In 1975, seeking a more social outlet for his talents, he began attending evening comedy classes by the California-based improvisational comedy group The Groundlings. While watching one of their performances, he impulsively decided to climb on stage and join the cast. His first onscreen appearance was in 1978's Stunt Rock, an Australian film directed in Los Angeles by Brian Trenchard-Smith. After several years of training, paying his way by redesigning the group's logo and merchandise, Hartman formally joined The Groundlings and by 1979 was one of the show's stars.

There Hartman befriended Paul Reubens, with whom he often collaborated on comedic material. Together they created the character Pee-wee Herman and developed The Pee-wee Herman Show, a live stage show that subsequently aired on HBO in 1981. Hartman played Captain Carl in the show, and reprised the role for the children's TV show Pee-wee's Playhouse. Reubens and Hartman made cameos in the 1980 film Cheech and Chong's Next Movie. Hartman co-wrote the script of the 1985 feature film Pee-wee's Big Adventure and had a cameo role as a reporter. He had considered quitting acting at the age of 36 due to the challenges of finding work; but the success of Pee-wee's Big Adventure changed his mind. After a creative disagreement with Reubens, he left the Pee-Wee Herman project to pursue other roles.

Hartman took more small roles in 1986 films such as Jumpin' Jack Flash and Three Amigos. He also worked as a voice actor in animated television programs, including The Smurfs, Challenge of the GoBots, The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo, and in Dennis the Menace as Henry Mitchell and George Wilson and most of the adult male characters. After season 1, Hartman (who by this point had joined the cast of Saturday Night Live) was replaced by Maurice LaMarche. He developed a strong persona providing voice-overs for advertisements.

Saturday Night Live (1986–1994)

Hartman successfully auditioned to join NBC's variety show Saturday Night Live (SNL) in its 12th season, which began on October 11, 1986. He had been recommended for the show by fellow Groundlings and SNL cast members Jon Lovitz and Laraine Newman, as well as Jumpin' Jack Flash director Penny Marshall. He told the Los Angeles Times, "I wanted to do because I wanted to get the exposure that would give me box-office credibility so I can write movies for myself." In his eight seasons with the show Hartman became known for his impressions, and performed as over 70 different characters. Hartman's original SNL characters include Eugene, the Anal Retentive Chef and Unfrozen Caveman Lawyer. His impressions include Frank Sinatra, Ronald Reagan, Ed McMahon, Barbara Bush, Charlton Heston, Kelsey Grammer, Michael Caine, Oliver Stone, Phil Donahue, Telly Savalas, Barry Humphries, Kirk Douglas and Bill Clinton—the latter considered his best-known impression.

Hartman first performed his Clinton impression on an episode of The Tonight Show. When he met Clinton in 1993, Hartman remarked, "I guess I owe you a few apologies", adding later that he "sometimes a twinge of guilt about ". Clinton showed good humor and sent Hartman a signed photo with the text: "You're not the president, but you play one on TV. And you're OK, mostly." Hartman copied the president's "post-nasal drip" and the "slight scratchiness" in his voice, as well as his open, "less intimidating" hand gestures. Hartman opted against wearing a larger prosthetic nose when portraying Clinton, as he thought it would be distracting. He instead wore a wig, dyed his eyebrows brighter, and used makeup to highlight his nose. In one of Hartman's sketches as Clinton, the president-elect visits a McDonald's restaurant and explains his economic policies and support for military intervention in Somalia by the metaphor of eating other customers' food. The writers told him that he was not eating enough during rehearsals for the sketch – by the end of the live performance, Hartman had eaten so much he could barely speak.

Hartman appears as Bill Clinton on Saturday Night Live

At SNL, Hartman's nickname of "Glue" was coined by Adam Sandler according to Jay Mohr's book Gasping for Airtime. However, according to You Might Remember Me: The Life and Times of Phil Hartman by Mike Thomas, author and staff writer for the Chicago Sun-Times, the nickname was created by SNL cast member and Hartman's frequent on-screen collaborator Jan Hooks. Hartman was very helpful to other cast members. For example, he aided Hooks in overcoming her stage fright. SNL creator Lorne Michaels explained the name: "He kind of held the show together. He gave to everybody and demanded very little. He was very low-maintenance." Michaels also added that Hartman was "the least appreciated" cast member by commentators outside the show, and praised his ability "to do five or six parts in a show where you're playing support or you're doing remarkable character work". Hartman won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Variety, Music or Comedy Program for SNL in 1989, sharing the award with the show's other writers. He was nominated in the same category in 1987, and individually in 1994 for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program.

By 1993, almost every cast member who was there during Hartman's first year on SNL had left the show, including Jon Lovitz, Jan Hooks and Dana Carvey. Hartman said he felt "like an athlete who's watched all his World Series teammates get traded off into other directions ... It was hard to watch them leave because I sort of felt we were all part of the team that saved the show." This cast turnover contributed to his leaving the show in 1994. Hartman said he thought it was time to leave because the show was "getting less sophisticated" and his style of humor did not fit with the less intellectual comedy of newer cast members like Adam Sandler. Hartman had originally planned to leave the show in 1991, but Michaels persuaded him to stay to raise his profile; his portrayal of Clinton contributed to this goal. Jay Leno offered him the role of his sidekick on The Tonight Show but Hartman opted to stay on SNL. NBC persuaded him to stay on SNL by promising him his own comedy–variety show The Phil Show. He planned to "reinvent the variety form" with "a hybrid, very fast-paced, high energy with sketches, impersonations, pet acts, and performers showcasing their talents". Hartman was to be the show's executive producer and head writer. Before production began, however, the network decided that variety shows were too unpopular and canceled the series. In a 1996 interview, Hartman noted he was glad, as he "would've been sweatin' blood each week trying to make it work". In 1998, he admitted he missed working on SNL, but had enjoyed the move from New York City to Southern California.

NewsRadio (1995–1998)

Hartman became one of the stars of the NBC sitcom NewsRadio in 1995, portraying radio news anchor Bill McNeal. He signed up after being attracted by the show's writing and use of an ensemble cast, and joked that he based McNeal on himself with "any ethics and character" removed. Hartman made roughly US$50,000 (equivalent to $99,978 in 2023) per episode of NewsRadio. Although the show was critically acclaimed, it was never a ratings hit and cancellation was a regular threat. After the completion of the fourth season, Hartman commented, "We seem to have limited appeal. We're on the edge here, not sure we're going to be picked up or not", but added he was "99 percent sure" the series would be renewed for a fifth season. Hartman had publicly lambasted NBC's decision to repeatedly move NewsRadio into different timeslots, but later regretted his comments, saying, "this is a sitcom, for crying out loud, not brain surgery". He also stated that if the sitcom were cancelled "it just will open up other opportunities for me". Although the show was renewed for a fifth season, Hartman was killed before production began. Ken Tucker praised Hartman's performance as McNeal: "A lesser performer ... would have played him as a variation on The Mary Tyler Moore Show's Ted Baxter, because that's what Bill was, on paper. But Hartman gave infinite variety to Bill's self-centeredness, turning him devious, cowardly, squeamish, and foolishly bold from week to week." Hartman was posthumously nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series in 1998 for his work on NewsRadio. David Hyde Pierce won the award for his performance on Frasier.

The Simpsons (1991–1998)

Hartman provided the voices for numerous characters on the Fox animated series The Simpsons, appearing in 52 episodes. He made his first appearance in the second season episode "Bart Gets Hit by a Car". Although he was originally brought in for a one-time appearance, Hartman enjoyed working on The Simpsons and the staff wrote additional parts for him. He voiced the recurring characters Lionel Hutz and Troy McClure, as well as several background characters. His favorite part was that of McClure, and he often used this voice to entertain the audience between takes while taping episodes of NewsRadio. He remarked, "My favorite fans are Troy McClure fans." He added "It's the one thing that I do in my life that's almost an avocation. I do it for the pure love of it."

Hartman was popular among the staff of The Simpsons. Showrunners Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein said they enjoyed his work, and used him as much as possible when working on the show. To give Hartman a larger role, they developed the episode "A Fish Called Selma", which focuses on Troy McClure and expands the character's backstory. The Simpsons creator Matt Groening said that he "took for granted because he nailed the joke every time", and that his voice acting could produce "the maximum amount of humor" with any line he was given. Before his death, Hartman had expressed an interest in making a live action film about Troy McClure. Many of The Simpsons production staff expressed enthusiasm for the project and offered to help. Hartman said he was "looking forward to live-action movie, publicizing his Betty Ford appearances", and "would love nothing more" than making a film and was prepared to buy the film rights himself in order to make it happen.

Other work

Hartman's first starring film role came in 1995's Houseguest, alongside Sinbad. Other films include Greedy, Coneheads, Sgt. Bilko, So I Married an Axe Murderer, CB4, Jingle All the Way, the English Disney/GKIDS dub of Kiki's Delivery Service, and Small Soldiers, the latter of which is his final theatrically released film. At the same time, he preferred working on television. His other television roles include appearances on episodes of The John Larroquette Show, The Dana Carvey Show, 3rd Rock from the Sun, and the HBO TV film The Second Civil War as the President of the United States. He made a considerable amount of money from television advertising, earning $300,000 for a series of four commercials for the soft drink Slice. He also appeared in advertisements for McDonald's (as Hugh McAttack) and 1-800-Collect (as Max Jerome).

Hartman wrote a number of screenplays that were never produced. In 1986, he began writing a screenplay for a film titled Mr. Fix-It, and completed the final draft in 1991. Robert Zemeckis was signed to produce the film, with Gil Bettman hired to direct. Hartman called it "a sort of a merger of horror and comedy, like Beetlejuice and Throw Momma From the Train", adding, "It's an American nightmare about a family torn asunder. They live next to a toxic dump site, their water supply is poisoned, the mother and son go insane and try to murder each other, the father's face is torn off in a terrible disfiguring accident in the first act. It's heavy stuff, but it's got a good message and a positive, upbeat ending." Zemeckis could not secure studio backing, however, and the project collapsed. Another film idea involving Hartman's Groundlings character Chick Hazard, Private Eye was also canceled. Hartman appeared on David Letterman's Late Night and Late Show 13 times between 1989 and 1996, where he can be heard speaking German fluently.

Style

Clean and unassuming, he had such a casual, no-nonsense way about him. It was that quality that we all find so hilarious, his delightful ability to poke fun at himself and at life with a tongue-in-cheek attitude comparable to, say, Tim Conway or Mel Brooks or Carol Burnett.

Nancy Cartwright.

In contrast to his real-life personality, which was described as "a regular guy and, by all accounts, one of show business's most low-key, decent people", Hartman often played seedy, vain or unpleasant characters as well as comedic villains. He described his standard character repertoire as the "jerky guy" and "the weasel parade", citing Lionel Hutz, Bill McNeal, Troy McClure, and Ted Maltin from Jingle All the Way as examples. Hartman enjoyed playing such roles because he "just want to be funny, and villains tend to be funny because their foibles are all there to see".

He often played supporting roles, rather than the lead part. He said: "hroughout my career, I've never been a huge star, but I've made steady progress and that's the way I like it" and "It's fun coming in as the second or third lead. If the movie or TV show bombs, you aren't to blame." Hartman was considered a "utility player" on SNL with a "kind of Everyman quality" which enabled him to appear in the majority of sketches, often in very distinct roles. Jan Hooks stated of his work on SNL: "Phil never had an ounce of competition. He was a team player. It was a privilege for him, I believe, to play support and do it very well. He was never insulted, no matter how small the role may have been." He was disciplined in his performances, studying the scripts beforehand. Hooks added: "Phil knew how to listen. And he knew how to look you in the eye, and he knew the power of being able to lay back and let somebody else be funny, and then do the reactions. I think Phil was more of an actor than a comedian." Film critic Pauline Kael declared that "Phil Hartman and Jan Hooks on Saturday Night Live are two of the best comic actors I've ever seen."

Writer and acting coach Paul Ryan noted Hartman's work ethic with his impressions. He assembled a collection of video footage of the figure he was preparing to impersonate and watched this continually until he "completely embodied the person". Ryan concluded that "what made so funny and spot on was Phil's ability to add that perfect touch that only comes from trial and error and practicing in front of audiences and fellow actors." Hartman described this process as "technical". Journalist Lyle V. Harris said Hartman showed a "rare talent for morphing into... anybody he wanted to be".

Ken Tucker summarized Hartman's comedic style: "He could momentarily fool audiences into thinking he was the straight man, but then he'd cock an eyebrow and give his voice an ironic lilt that delivered a punchline like a fast slider—you barely saw it coming until you started laughing." Hartman claimed that he borrowed his style from actor Bill Murray: "He's been a great influence on me – when he did that smarmy thing in Ghostbusters, then the same sort of thing in Groundhog Day. I tried to imitate it. I couldn't. I wasn't good enough. But I discovered an element of something else, so in a sick kind of way I made myself a career by doing a bad imitation of another comic."

Personal life

Hartman married Gretchen Lewis in 1970 and they divorced in September 1972. He married real estate agent Lisa Strain in 1982, and their marriage lasted three years. Strain told People magazine that Hartman was reclusive off screen and "would disappear emotionally ... he'd be in his own world. That passivity made you crazy." In 1987, Hartman married former model and aspiring actress Brynn Omdahl (born Vicki Jo Omdahl, April 11, 1958 – May 28, 1998), having met her on a blind date the previous year. They had two children, Sean and Birgen Hartman. The marriage had difficulties; she was reportedly intimidated by his success and was frustrated that she could not find any on her own, although neither party wanted a divorce. She was reported to have been jealous and often verbally or physically abusive, even sending a letter to his ex-wife, threatening to "rip eyes out" if she spoke to him again. Hartman considered retiring to save the marriage.

Hartman tried to get Brynn acting roles, but she became progressively reliant on alcohol and narcotics, entering rehab several times. On multiple occasions, he removed their children from the household to stay with friends or family because of her drug- and alcohol-fueled outbursts. Because of his close friendship with SNL associate Jan Hooks, Brynn "joked" on occasion Hooks and Hartman were married "on some other level". Brynn had written threatening letters addressed to Hooks, warning her to not get close to her husband, but they appeared to have never even been sent, being discovered in her belongings following her death.

Stephen Root, Hartman's NewsRadio co-star, said few people knew "the real Phil Hartman", as he was "one of those people who never seemed to come out of character", but he nevertheless gave the impression of a family man who cared deeply for his children. Hartman befriended Joe Rogan during his time on NewsRadio and confided his marital problems to him. Rogan said that he encouraged Hartman to divorce Brynn five times, but " loved his kids and didn't want to leave".

Hartman stated in 1997 that, though a non-practicing Catholic, he displayed a sense of religiousness. In his spare time, he enjoyed driving, flying, sailing, marksmanship, and playing the guitar.

Murder

On May 27, 1998, Hartman's wife, Brynn, visited the Italian restaurant Buca di Beppo in Encino, California, with producer and writer Christine Zander, who said she was "in a good frame of mind"; they had drinks. After returning home, Brynn had a "heated" argument with Hartman, after which he went to bed. She entered his bedroom some time before 3:00 a.m. PDT on May 28, 1998, and, as he slept, she fatally shot him once between the eyes, once in the throat and once in the upper chest with a .38-caliber Smith & Wesson Model 15 revolver. Hartman was 49 years old. Brynn was taking Zoloft, had been drinking alcohol, and had recently used cocaine.

Brynn then drove to the home of her friend Ron Douglas and confessed to the killing but he did not believe her. They drove back to the house in separate cars and she called another friend and confessed a second time. Upon seeing Hartman's body, Douglas called 9-1-1 at 6:20 a.m. Police arrived and escorted Douglas and the Hartmans' two children from the premises, by which time Brynn had locked herself in the bedroom. Shortly afterward, she shot and killed herself with a .38-caliber Charter Arms Undercover revolver.

The police stated Hartman's death was caused by "domestic discord" between the couple. A neighbor of the Hartmans told a CNN reporter that the couple had marital problems. Yet actor Steve Guttenberg said they had been "a very happy couple and they always had the appearance of being well-balanced".

Brynn's brother, Gregory Omdahl, filed a wrongful death lawsuit in 1999 against both Pfizer, the manufacturer of Zoloft, and his sister’s psychiatrist, Arthur Sorosky, who had provided samples of the antidepressant to Brynn. Pfizer later settled the lawsuit without an admission of any wrongdoing. Hartman's friend and former SNL colleague Jon Lovitz has accused Hartman's NewsRadio co-star Andy Dick of reintroducing Brynn to cocaine, causing her to relapse and suffer a nervous breakdown. Dick claimed to have known nothing of her condition. Lovitz later said he no longer blamed Dick for Hartman's murder but in 2006, Lovitz claimed Dick had approached him at a restaurant and said, "I put the Phil Hartman hex on you. You're the next one to die." Lovitz then had him ejected from the restaurant. The following year at the Laugh Factory comedy club in Los Angeles, Lovitz and Dick had another argument with Lovitz slamming Dick's head into the bar. Dick asserted he was not at fault in relation to Hartman's death.

Brynn's sister Katharine Omdahl and brother-in-law Mike Wright raised the two Hartman children. Hartman's will stipulated each child would inherit money over several years after turning 25. The total value of Hartman's estate was estimated at $1.23 million. In accordance with their wishes, both Hartman's and Brynn's bodies were cremated by Forest Lawn Memorial Park and Mortuary, Glendale, California, and their ashes were scattered over Santa Catalina Island's Emerald Bay. Hartman has a headstone with wife Brynn in Thief River Falls, Minnesota, where Brynn was born.

Response and legacy

NBC executive Don Ohlmeyer stated that Hartman "was blessed with a tremendous gift for creating characters who made people laugh. Everyone who had the pleasure of working with Phil knows that he was a man of tremendous warmth, a true professional and a loyal friend." Guttenberg expressed shock at Hartman's death and Steve Martin said he was "a deeply funny and very happy person". Matt Groening called him "a master" and director Joe Dante said "He was one of those guys who was a dream to work with. I don't know anybody who didn't like him." Dan Snierson of Entertainment Weekly concluded that Hartman was "the last person you'd expect to read about in lurid headlines in your morning paper" and "a decidedly regular guy, beloved by everyone he worked with". In 2007, Entertainment Weekly ranked Hartman the 87th greatest television icon of all time, and Maxim named him the top Saturday Night Live performer of all time.

On the day of Hartman's death, rehearsals for The Simpsons and that night's performance by The Groundlings were canceled. The season five premiere episode of NewsRadio, "Bill Moves On" (aired September 23, the day before what would have been his 50th birthday) finds Hartman's character, Bill McNeal, has died of a heart attack, while the other characters reminisce about his life. Lovitz joined the show in his place beginning with the next episode. An episode that ended a season of 3rd Rock from the Sun, where Hartman played a flamboyant recurring character who ends up kidnapping Harry was scrapped due it being a cliffhanger which would have been resolved in the subsequent season premiere, as well as to show respect for Phil's death. A special episode of Saturday Night Live commemorating Hartman's work on the show aired on June 13, 1998, which ended with one of Hartman's performances showing a widow reflecting on her deceased husband played by Phil. Rather than substituting another voice actor, the writers of The Simpsons retired Hartman's characters. His final appearance in the tenth season episode "Bart the Mother" is dedicated to him. Small Soldiers was dedicated to Phil Hartman, being his final film to be released in movie theatres.

Hartman was preparing to voice Zapp Brannigan, a character written specifically for him on Groening's second animated series Futurama, at the time of his death. Even though the role was specifically made for him, Hartman still insisted on trying out for the role. About a week before his death, he auditioned for Groening and Futurama executive producer David X. Cohen. Groening wrote that Hartman "blew us away with his performances". After Hartman's death, Billy West took over the role. Though Cohen credits West with using his own take on the character, West later said that he purposely tweaked Zapp's voice to better match Hartman's intended portrayal. Hartman was planning to appear with Lovitz in the indie film The Day of Swine and Roses, scheduled to begin production in August 1998.

In 2002, Laugh.com and Hartman's brother John published the album Flat TV, a selection of comedy sketches recorded by Hartman in the 1970s, which had been kept in storage. John Hartmann commented: "I'm putting this out there because I'm dedicating my life to fulfilling his dreams. This is my brother doing what he loved." Flat TV was optioned for an animated adaptation by Michael "Ffish" Hemschoot's animation company Worker Studio in 2013. The deal came about after Michael T. Scott, a partner in the company, posted online a handwritten letter he had received from Hartman in 1997, leading to a correspondence between Scott and Paul Hartmann.

A campaign was started on Facebook by Alex Stevens in 2007, and endorsed by Hartman's brother Paul, to have Phil inducted to Canada's Walk of Fame. Among the campaign's numerous publicity events, Ben Miner of the Sirius XM Radio channel Laugh Attack dedicated the month of April 2012 to Hartman. The campaign ended in success and Hartman was inducted on September 22, 2012, to the Walk of Fame, with Paul accepting the award on his late brother's behalf. Hartman was also awarded the Cineplex Legends Award. In June 2013, it was announced that Hartman would receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, which was unveiled on August 26, 2014. Additionally, a special prize at the Canadian Comedy Awards was named for Hartman. Beginning with the 13th Canadian Comedy Awards in 2012, the Phil Hartman Award was awarded to "an individual who helps to better the Canadian comedy community". In 2015, Rolling Stone magazine ranked Hartman as one of the ten greatest Saturday Night Live cast members throughout the show's forty-year history, coming in seventh on its list of all 141 members.

Filmography

Film

Film work by Phil Hartman
Year Title Role Notes
1978 Stunt Rock Monique's Assistant
1980 The Gong Show Movie Man at airport with gun Credited as Phil Hartmann
Cheech & Chong's Next Movie Actor being filmed in the background
1982 Pandemonium Reporter Credited as Phil Hartmann
1984 Weekend Pass Joe Chicago
1985 Pee-wee's Big Adventure Reporter / Rodeo announcer Also co-writer
1986 Last Resort Jean-Michel
Jumpin' Jack Flash Fred Credited as Phil E. Hartmann
Three Amigos! Sam
1987 Blind Date Ted Davis
The Brave Little Toaster Peter Lorre Hanging lamp (credited), Jack Nicholson air conditioner (uncredited) Voice
Amazon Women on the Moon Baseball announcer
1989 Fletch Lives Bly manager
How I Got into College Bennedict
1990 Quick Change Hal Edison
1993 Loaded Weapon 1 Officer Davis
CB4 Virgil Robinson
Coneheads Marlax
So I Married an Axe Murderer John "Vicky" Johnson
1994 Greedy Frank McTeague
The Pagemaster Tom Morgan Voice
1995 The Crazysitter The Salesman
Houseguest Gary Young
Stuart Saves His Family Announcer Uncredited
1996 Sgt. Bilko Major Colin Thorn
Jingle All the Way Ted Maltin
1998 Kiki's Delivery Service Jiji Voice, Disney English dub; Posthumously released, dedicated in memory
Small Soldiers Phil Fimple Posthumously released, dedicated in memory
Buster & Chauncey's Silent Night Chauncey Voice, direct-to-video; Posthumously released (final film role)

Television

Television work by Phil Hartman
Year Title Role Notes
1979 Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo Additional voices
1980 The Six O'Clock Follies Unnamed role
1981 The Pee-wee Herman Show Captain Carl / Monsieur LeCroc Television special; also writer
The Smurfs Additional voices
1982 The Little Rascals
1983 The Pop 'N Rocker Game Announcer
The Dukes Various voices 7 episodes
1984 Challenge of the GoBots
The New Scooby Doo Mysteries
Pink Panther and Sons
Magnum, P.I. Newsreader Episode: "The Legacy of Garwood Huddle"
1985 Sara Drake Episode: "27 Candles"
The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo Additional voices Episode: "It's a Wonderful Scoob"
The Jetsons School Patrol robots / Executive Vice-president Voice, episode: "Boy George"
1986 Dennis the Menace Henry Mitchell / George Wilson / Various voices
Pee-wee's Playhouse Captain Carl 6 episodes
1986–1994 Saturday Night Live Various characters 155 episodes; also writer
1987 DuckTales Captain Frye Voice, episode: "Scrooge's Pet"
Foofur Additional voices
1988 Fantastic Max
1990 Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventures Episode: "One Sweet and Sour Chinese Adventure to Go"
On the Television Various characters Episode: "M. Superior"
TaleSpin Ace London Voice, episode: "Mach One for the Gipper"
The Adventures of Don Coyote and Sancho Panda Additional voices
Gravedale High Billy Headstone Voice, episode: ″Cleo's Pen Pal″
Tiny Toon Adventures Octavius Voice, episode: "Whale's Tales"
1991 Captain Planet and the Planeteers Dimitri the Russian Ambassador / TV Reporter Voice, episode: "Mind Pollution"
Sesame Street Employee of the ABC Moving Company Episode: 2800
Empty Nest Tim Cornell Episode: "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner?"
Darkwing Duck Paddywhack Voice, episode: "The Haunting of Mr. Banana Brain"
One Special Victory Mike Rutten Television film
1991–1998 The Simpsons Troy McClure / Lionel Hutz / Various others Voice, 52 episodes
1991–1993 Tom & Jerry Kids Calaboose Cal Voice
1992 Fish Police Inspector C. Bass Voice, episode: "A Fish Out of Water"
Parker Lewis Can't Lose Phil Diamond Episode: "Lewis and Son"
Eek! The Cat Monkeynaut #1 / Psycho Bunny Voice, 2 episodes
1993 Daybreak Man in abstinence commercial Uncredited; Television film
Droopy, Master Detective Additional voices
Animaniacs Dan Anchorman Voice, episode: "Broadcast Nuisance"
The Twelve Days of Christmas Additional voices Television film
The Larry Sanders Show Himself Episode: "The Stalker"
1994 How the Grinch Stole Christmas! Special Edition Host TV Short
The Critic Various voices Episode: "Eyes on the Prize"
1995 The Show Formerly Known as the Martin Short Show Various characters Television special
The John Larroquette Show Otto Friedling Episode: "A Moveable Feast"
Night Stand with Dick Dietrick Gunther Johann Episode: "Illegal Alien Star Search"
1995–1998 NewsRadio Bill McNeal 75 episodes
1996 The Dana Carvey Show Larry King Episode: "The Mountain Dew Dana Carvey Show"
Caroline in the City Host Uncredited; Episode: "Caroline and the Letter"
The Ren & Stimpy Show Russian Film Reel Announcer / Sid the Clown Voice, 2 episodes
Seinfeld Man on phone Episode: "The Package"; uncredited
Saturday Night Live Himself (host) / various roles 2 episodes
1996, 1998 3rd Rock from the Sun Phillip / Randy
1997 The Second Civil War President of the United States Television film
1999 Happily Ever After: Fairy Tales for Every Child Game show host Voice, episode: "The Empress's Nightingale"; Posthumously aired (final appearance)

Video games

Video game work by Phil Hartman
Year Title Voice roles
1997 Virtual Springfield Troy McClure
Lionel Hutz
1998 Blasto Captain Blasto

Theater

Theater work by Phil Hartman
Year Title Role
1981 The Pee-wee Herman Show Captain Carl / Monsieur LeCroq
Theme park attractions with Phil Hartman
Year Title Voice roles
1995 ExtraTERRORestrial Alien Encounter T.O.M. 2000
1998 The Enchanted Tiki Room (Under New Management) Morris

Discography

The following is a list of albums for which Hartman designed the covers.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (September 2021)

1974

1975

1976

1977

1979

1980

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Book sources

Thomas, Mike (2014). You might remember me: the life and times of Phil Hartman. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9781250027962.

External links

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Variety Series (1980–1989)

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