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{{distinguish|Syrian National Democratic Council}} {{distinguish|Syrian National Democratic Council}}
{{see also|List of political parties in Rojava}} {{see also|List of political parties in Rojava}}
{{Update|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox legislature {{Infobox legislature
|name= Syrian Democratic Council |name= Syrian Democratic Council
|native_name = {{lang|syc|ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ}}<br />{{lang|ku|Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk}}<br />{{lang|ar|مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية}} |native_name={{lang|syc|ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ}}<br/>{{lang|ku|Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk}}<br/>{{lang|ar|مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية}}
|coa_pic=Seal_of_MSD.png |coa_pic=Seal_of_MSD.png
|coa_res= |coa_res=
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|structure1=Syrian Democratic Council composition 2022.svg |structure1=Syrian Democratic Council composition 2022.svg
|structure1_res=250px |structure1_res=250px
|political_groups1= ''']''' |political_groups1=''']'''
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|voting_system1= |voting_system1=
|last_election1= |last_election1=
|meeting_place= ], ], ]<ref>{{cite web |title=Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria forms political wing |publisher=] |url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/12/11/kurdish-arab-coalition-in-syria-forms-political-wing.html |date=11 December 2015 |access-date=19 March 2016}}</ref> |meeting_place= ], ], ]<ref>{{cite web|title=Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria forms political wing|publisher=]|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/12/11/kurdish-arab-coalition-in-syria-forms-political-wing.html|date=11 December 2015|access-date=19 March 2016}}</ref>
|website= |website=
}} }}
{{Politics of Rojava}}{{Update|date=June 2022}} {{Politics of Rojava}}
The '''Syrian Democratic Council (MSD)'''{{efn|{{plainlist|
⚫ The '''Syrian Democratic Council''' ({{lang-ku|Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk}}, '''MSD'''; {{lang-ar|مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية}}; {{lang-syc|ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ|translit=Mawtbo d'Suriya Demoqraṭoyto}}) is the political wing of the ] in the ] (AANES). The SDC's stated mission is working towards the implementation of a "Pluralistic, democratic and decentralized system for all of Syria".<ref>https://twitter.com/SDCPress {{Bare URL inline|date=November 2021}}</ref>
*{{langx|ku|Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk}};
*{{langx|ar|مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية|majlis suria aldiymuqratia}};
⚫ *{{langx|syc|ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ|translit=Mawtbo d'Suriya Demoqraṭoyto}}}}}} is the political wing of the ] in the ] (AANES). The SDC's stated mission is working towards the implementation of a "Pluralistic, democratic and decentralized system for all of Syria".<ref>{{Cite Twitter profile|SDCPress}}</ref>

The body has been heavily criticized as undemocratic due to its indefinite ban on voting following its initial elections in 2017 and its refusal to allow for the participation of non-YPG aligned parties.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dri |first=Karwan |title=Rojava considers delaying local elections indefinitely: Source |url=https://manage.rudaw.net/notfound.html |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=manage.rudaw.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nelson |first=Mateo |date=2024-06-11 |title=The war over AANES municipal elections in northeastern Syria |url=https://syriadirect.org/the-war-over-aanes-municipal-elections-in-northeastern-syria/ |access-date=2024-12-26 |website=Syria Direct |language=en-US}}</ref>


==Establishment and history== ==Establishment and history==
===2015=== ===2015===

The Syrian Democratic Council was established on 10 December 2015 in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/article/6702811/2015/12/10/syria-kurd-arab-coalition-creates-political-wing|title=Kurdish-Arab coalition fighting Islamic State in Syria creates political wing|publisher=GlobalPost (AFP)|date=2015-12-10|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/12/11/kurdish-arab-coalition-in-syria-forms-political-wing.html|title=Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria forms political wing|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=2015-12-11|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://anfenglish.com/kurdistan/executive-board-of-democratic-syria-assembly-elected|title=Executive Board of Democratic Syria Assembly elected|publisher=ANF|date=2015-12-13|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref> Prominent human rights activist ] was elected co-chair at its founding.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://syrianobserver.com/EN/News/30279/Haytham_Manna_Elected_Joint_Chairman_Syrian_Democratic_Council|title=Haytham Manna Elected Joint Chairman of Syrian Democratic Council|publisher=The Syrian Observer|date=2015-10-14|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref> The Syrian Democratic Council was established on 10 December 2015 in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpost.com/article/6702811/2015/12/10/syria-kurd-arab-coalition-creates-political-wing|title=Kurdish-Arab coalition fighting Islamic State in Syria creates political wing|publisher=GlobalPost (AFP)|date=2015-12-10|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/12/11/kurdish-arab-coalition-in-syria-forms-political-wing.html|title=Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria forms political wing|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=2015-12-11|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://anfenglish.com/kurdistan/executive-board-of-democratic-syria-assembly-elected|title=Executive Board of Democratic Syria Assembly elected|publisher=ANF|date=2015-12-13|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref> Prominent human rights activist ] was elected co-chair at its founding.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://syrianobserver.com/EN/News/30279/Haytham_Manna_Elected_Joint_Chairman_Syrian_Democratic_Council|title=Haytham Manna Elected Joint Chairman of Syrian Democratic Council|publisher=The Syrian Observer|date=2015-10-14|access-date=2016-05-26}}</ref>


The Assembly that established the Syrian Democratic Council was made up of 13 members from specific ethnic, economic and political backgrounds.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria creates political wing |publisher=Ekurd Daily |url=http://ekurd.net/syria-kurd-arab-political-wing-2015-12-10 |date=10 December 2015 |access-date=19 March 2016}}</ref> The Assembly that established the Syrian Democratic Council was made up of 13 members from specific ethnic, economic and political backgrounds.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria creates political wing|publisher=Ekurd Daily|url=http://ekurd.net/syria-kurd-arab-political-wing-2015-12-10|date=10 December 2015|access-date=19 March 2016}}</ref>


===2016=== ===2016===
On 1 August 2016 the Syrian Democratic Council opened a public office in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/inauguration-of-the-1st-msd-office/|title=Inauguration of the 1st MSD office|publisher=]|date=2016-08-01|access-date=2016-08-03}}</ref> On 1 August 2016 the Syrian Democratic Council opened a public office in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/inauguration-of-the-1st-msd-office/|title=Inauguration of the 1st MSD office|publisher=]|date=2016-08-01|access-date=2016-08-03}}</ref>


On 11 September 2016 the ] signed a cooperation agreement with the Syrian Democratic Council and the associated de facto autonomous region of the AANES.<ref name=ANF>{{cite web|url=http://anfenglish.com/kurdistan/agreement-for-the-future-of-syria|title=Agreement for the future of Syria|publisher=ANF|date=11 September 2016|access-date=11 September 2016}}</ref> On 11 September 2016 the ] signed a cooperation agreement with the Syrian Democratic Council and the associated de facto autonomous region of the AANES.<ref name=ANF>{{cite web|url=http://anfenglish.com/kurdistan/agreement-for-the-future-of-syria|title=Agreement for the future of Syria|publisher=ANF|date=11 September 2016|access-date=11 September 2016}}</ref>


In late September and early October 2016 a forum for the Syrian Democratic Council was held in the town of ], in the northeastern ]. Those that attended the conference included a representative from ], in the western ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/jableh-representative-in-rmaylan-forum-federation-guarantees-syrian-unity/|title=Jableh representative in Rmaylan forum: Federation guarantees Syrian unity|website=]|date=1 October 2016|access-date=3 October 2016|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010114212/http://en.hawarnews.com/jableh-representative-in-rmaylan-forum-federation-guarantees-syrian-unity/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In late September and early October 2016 a forum for the Syrian Democratic Council was held in the town of ], in the northeastern ]. Those that attended the conference included a representative from ], in the western ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.hawarnews.com/jableh-representative-in-rmaylan-forum-federation-guarantees-syrian-unity/|title=Jableh representative in Rmaylan forum: Federation guarantees Syrian unity|website=]|date=1 October 2016|access-date=3 October 2016|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010114212/http://en.hawarnews.com/jableh-representative-in-rmaylan-forum-federation-guarantees-syrian-unity/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

] support the ].


===2017=== ===2017===
On 13 January 2017, a youth constituent assembly was established in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hawarnews.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8/|title=Announcing the formation of a constituent assembly to build youth system in northern Syria|work=]|date=13 January 2017|access-date=14 January 2017|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010111208/http://hawarnews.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8/|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 13 January 2017, a youth constituent assembly was established in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hawarnews.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8/|title=Announcing the formation of a constituent assembly to build youth system in northern Syria|work=]|date=13 January 2017|access-date=14 January 2017|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010111208/http://hawarnews.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3-%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8/|url-status=dead}}</ref>


On 25 February 2017, the ] agreed to join the Syrian Democratic Council, and the ] agreed to hand over security in the ] towns along the ] to the ] and ] which joined the ].<ref name="Anita Garibaldi Twitter">{{cite tweet|user=Anit_Garibaldi|author=Anita Garibaldi|number=835268523513425920|date=24 February 2017|title=1. Under reported deal reached last month between Assyrians of Khabour and PYD. YPG to leave all Assyrian towns along the Khabour River...|access-date=14 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="CristiansOrient Twitter">{{cite tweet|user=CristiansOrient|author=CristiansOrient 🎗|number=837419281600008192|date=2 March 2017|title=Milicians cristians dels Guàrdies del Khabour, Forces Democràtiques de #Síria|access-date=14 April 2017}}</ref> On 13 April, PYD forces officially handed over the Khabur valley's villages to the Khabour Guards and ], though the ] kept a military base near ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/25221.html|title=Assyrians seek self-management in Hasaka over deal with PYD|work=Zaman al-Wasl|date=13 April 2017|access-date=14 April 2017}}</ref> On the same day, the second conference of the SDC took place in ] and ] was elected as the co-president of the SDC, replacing ], alongside ], who was re-elected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/en/originals/2017/03/syria-kurdish-democratic-council-arab-leader-federal.amp.html|title=What federalism would mean for northern Syria|work=Al-Monitor|author=Sardar Mlla Drwish|date=27 March 2017}}</ref> On 25 February 2017, the ] agreed to join the Syrian Democratic Council, and the ] agreed to hand over security in the ] towns along the ] to the ] and ] which joined the ].<ref name="Anita Garibaldi Twitter">{{cite tweet|user=Anit_Garibaldi|author=Anita Garibaldi|number=835268523513425920|date=24 February 2017|title=1. Under reported deal reached last month between Assyrians of Khabour and PYD. YPG to leave all Assyrian towns along the Khabour River...|access-date=14 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="CristiansOrient Twitter">{{cite tweet|user=CristiansOrient|author=CristiansOrient 🎗|number=837419281600008192|date=2 March 2017|title=Milicians cristians dels Guàrdies del Khabour, Forces Democràtiques de #Síria|access-date=14 April 2017}}</ref> On 13 April, PYD forces officially handed over the Khabur valley's villages to the Khabour Guards and ], though the ] kept a military base near ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/25221.html|title=Assyrians seek self-management in Hasaka over deal with PYD|work=Zaman al-Wasl|date=13 April 2017|access-date=14 April 2017}}</ref> On the same day, the second conference of the SDC took place in ] and ] was elected as the co-president of the SDC, replacing ], alongside ], who was re-elected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/en/originals/2017/03/syria-kurdish-democratic-council-arab-leader-federal.amp.html|title=What federalism would mean for northern Syria|work=Al-Monitor|author=Sardar Mlla Drwish|date=27 March 2017}}</ref>


On 28 May 2017, a female branch of the Syrian Democratic Assembly was established in ].<ref>{{cite tweet|user=info_Rojava|author=InfoRojava-Kurdistan|number=868901764006895617|date=28 May 2017|title=#Rojava #Syrie L'Assemblée démocratique de Syrie a ouvert sa branche féminine à Shadadé.}}</ref> On 28 May 2017, a female branch of the Syrian Democratic Assembly was established in ].<ref>{{cite tweet|user=info_Rojava|author=InfoRojava-Kurdistan|number=868901764006895617|date=28 May 2017|title=#Rojava #Syrie L'Assemblée démocratique de Syrie a ouvert sa branche féminine à Shadadé.}}</ref>


===2018=== ===2018===
Elections for the council were planned for early 2018, but never held.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/12/syria-north-kurdish-federal-elections-rule.html|title = Syrian Kurds press on with elections despite divisions}}</ref> On 16 July 2018, the Third Conference of SDC was held under the slogan "Towards a Political Solution and Building a Decentralized Democratic Syria" in ] city, where the delegates elected Amina Omar and re-elected ] as co-chairs of SDC.<ref>{{cite web|date=16 July 2018|title=Amina Omar ,Ryad Derrar elected as co-chairs of MSD|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/amina-omar-ryad-derrar-elected-as-co-chairs-of-msd-h2572.html|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|website=]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/ar/haber/d985d8acd984d8b3-d8b3d988d8b1d98ad8a7-d8a7d984d8afd98ad985d982d8b1d8a7d8b7d98ad8a9-d98ad986d987d98a-d8a3d8b9d985d8a7d984-d985d8a4d8aad985d8b1d987-d8a8d8a5d8b5d8afd8a7d8b1-d8a7d984d8a8d98ad8a7d986-d8a7d984d8aed8aad8a7d985d98a-h5024.html|title=مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية ينهي أعمال مؤتمره بإصدار البيان الختامي - ANHA|language=ar}} Elections for the council were planned for early 2018, but never held.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/12/syria-north-kurdish-federal-elections-rule.html|title=Syrian Kurds press on with elections despite divisions|newspaper=Al-Monitor: Independent, Trusted Coverage of the Middle East|date=12 December 2017}}</ref> On 16 July 2018, the Third Conference of SDC was held under the slogan "Towards a Political Solution and Building a Decentralized Democratic Syria" in ] city, where the delegates elected Amina Omar and re-elected ] as co-chairs of SDC.<ref>{{cite web|date=16 July 2018|title=Amina Omar ,Ryad Derrar elected as co-chairs of MSD|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/amina-omar-ryad-derrar-elected-as-co-chairs-of-msd-h2572.html|access-date=25 December 2021|website=]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/ar/haber/d985d8acd984d8b3-d8b3d988d8b1d98ad8a7-d8a7d984d8afd98ad985d982d8b1d8a7d8b7d98ad8a9-d98ad986d987d98a-d8a3d8b9d985d8a7d984-d985d8a4d8aad985d8b1d987-d8a8d8a5d8b5d8afd8a7d8b1-d8a7d984d8a8d98ad8a7d986-d8a7d984d8aed8aad8a7d985d98a-h5024.html|title=مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية ينهي أعمال مؤتمره بإصدار البيان الختامي - ANHA|language=ar}}
</ref> Amina Omar replaced Îlham Ehmed, who was elected co-president of the ] of the AANES,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Fetah |first1=Vîviyan |title=Îlham Ehmed: Dê rêxistinên me li Şamê jî ava bibin |url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/middleeast/syria/170720181 |access-date=29 September 2019 |work=www.rudaw.net |agency=Rudaw Media Network |date=17 July 2018 |language=ku}}</ref> </ref> Amina Omar replaced Îlham Ehmed, who was elected co-president of the ] of the AANES,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fetah|first1=Vîviyan|title=Îlham Ehmed: Dê rêxistinên me li Şamê jî ava bibin|url=https://www.rudaw.net/kurmanci/middleeast/syria/170720181|access-date=29 September 2019|work=www.rudaw.net|agency=Rudaw Media Network|date=17 July 2018|language=ku}}</ref>


On 6 September 2018, SDC held a meeting of local councils and autonomous administration departments in north and east Syria at the headquarters of SDC in ] town, with the participation of Amina Omar, co-chair of SDC, the heads of the civil councils in North Syria and the dignitaries of the Arab tribes, to form an autonomous administration of north and east of Syria on the basis of the decision taken at the third conference of the SDC held on 16 July this year. During the meeting, the 70-member General Council for Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria was formed as follows: 49 members of the legislative councils in the areas of Autonomous Administration and civil councils, and 21 members of the technocrats agreed upon through the preparatory committee and discuss other departments. Mrs. Siham Qariou (Syriac) and Mr. Farid Atti (Kurd) were elected to the joint presidency of the General Council for the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, also were elected five members of General Office of the council. Mrs. Berivan Khaled (Khalid) and Abdul Hamid al-Mahbash were elected co-chairmen of Executive Body.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/formation-of-autonomous-administration-of-north-east-syria-h3580.html |title=Formation of Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria |work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hawarnews.com/en/haber/final-statement-of-autonomous-administration-of-north-east-syria-h3608.html |title=Final statement of Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria |work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://theregion.org/article/13077-autonomous-administration-of-north-east-syria-announced-ain-issa |title=Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria announced in Ain Issa}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/berivan-khalid-rules-of-procedures-draft-of-bodies-to-be-completed-within-next-10-days-h5393.html |title=Berivan Khalid: Rules of procedure's draft of bodies to be completed within next 10 days}}</ref><br /> On 6 September 2018, SDC held a meeting of local councils and autonomous administration departments in north and east Syria at the headquarters of SDC in ] town, with the participation of Amina Omar, co-chair of SDC, the heads of the civil councils in North Syria and the dignitaries of the Arab tribes, to form an autonomous administration of north and east of Syria on the basis of the decision taken at the third conference of the SDC held on 16 July this year. During the meeting, the 70-member General Council for Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria was formed as follows: 49 members of the legislative councils in the areas of Autonomous Administration and civil councils, and 21 members of the technocrats agreed upon through the preparatory committee and discuss other departments. Mrs. Siham Qariou (Syriac) and Mr. Farid Atti (Kurd) were elected to the joint presidency of the General Council for the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, also were elected five members of General Office of the council. Mrs. Berivan Khaled (Khalid) and Abdul Hamid al-Mahbash were elected co-chairmen of Executive Body.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/formation-of-autonomous-administration-of-north-east-syria-h3580.html|title=Formation of Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria|work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://hawarnews.com/en/haber/final-statement-of-autonomous-administration-of-north-east-syria-h3608.html|title=Final statement of Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria|work=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://theregion.org/article/13077-autonomous-administration-of-north-east-syria-announced-ain-issa|title=Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria announced in Ain Issa}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/berivan-khalid-rules-of-procedures-draft-of-bodies-to-be-completed-within-next-10-days-h5393.html|title=Berivan Khalid: Rules of procedure's draft of bodies to be completed within next 10 days}}</ref><br/>
Later, in the meeting held on 3 October 2018, the co-chairs of the nine Authorities of the Executive Council were elected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/who-are-co-chairs-of-daa-bodies-of-north-east-syria-h4132.html |title=Who are co-chairs of DAA bodies of north, east Syria?}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://anfarabic.com/سوريا/تعرف-على-الرؤساء-المشتركين-لهيئات-الإدارة-الذاتية-لشمال-وشرق-سوريا-47766 |title=تعرف على الرؤساء المشتركين لهيئات الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا |language=ar}}</ref> Later, in the meeting held on 3 October 2018, the co-chairs of the nine Authorities of the Executive Council were elected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/en/haber/who-are-co-chairs-of-daa-bodies-of-north-east-syria-h4132.html |title=Who are co-chairs of DAA bodies of north, east Syria?}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://anfarabic.com/سوريا/تعرف-على-الرؤساء-المشتركين-لهيئات-الإدارة-الذاتية-لشمال-وشرق-سوريا-47766|title=تعرف على الرؤساء المشتركين لهيئات الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا|language=ar}}</ref>
On October 21, the first meeting of the General Council was held, at which a legal committee of three people was created, whose tasks is to determine laws, concepts and proposals from committees, departments and offices, in addition to studying the laws issued by the council. At the meeting it was decided to hold meetings of the Council twice a month.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/ar/haber/d8a7d984d985d8acd984d8b3-d8a7d984d8b9d8a7d985-d984d984d8a5d8afd8a7d8b1d8a9-d8a7d984d8b0d8a7d8aad98ad8a9-d98ad986d8a7d982d8b4-d8a2d984d98ad8a9-d8b9d985d984d987-d988d98ad8aad8aed8b0-d982d8b1d8a7d8b1d8a7d8aa-d981d98a-d8acd984d8b3d8aad987-d8a7d984d8a7d988d984d989-h9371.html |title=المجلس العام للإدارة الذاتية يناقش آلية عمله ويتخذ قرارات في جلسته الاولى |work=] |language=ar}}</ref> On October 21, the first meeting of the General Council was held, at which a legal committee of three people was created, whose tasks is to determine laws, concepts and proposals from committees, departments and offices, in addition to studying the laws issued by the council. At the meeting it was decided to hold meetings of the Council twice a month.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hawarnews.com/ar/haber/d8a7d984d985d8acd984d8b3-d8a7d984d8b9d8a7d985-d984d984d8a5d8afd8a7d8b1d8a9-d8a7d984d8b0d8a7d8aad98ad8a9-d98ad986d8a7d982d8b4-d8a2d984d98ad8a9-d8b9d985d984d987-d988d98ad8aad8aed8b0-d982d8b1d8a7d8b1d8a7d8aa-d981d98a-d8acd984d8b3d8aad987-d8a7d984d8a7d988d984d989-h9371.html|title=المجلس العام للإدارة الذاتية يناقش آلية عمله ويتخذ قرارات في جلسته الاولى|work=]|language=ar}}</ref>


==Involvement in negotiations on Syria== ==Involvement in negotiations on Syria==
While the Syrian Democratic Council stressed their desire to participate in the Geneva and Astana talks, they were excluded from both due to Turkish veto.<ref>{{Cite web|last=A|first=Marwa|date=2 December 2019|title=We were deliberately left out of Syria's constitutional process, Kurdish official tells MEMO|url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20191202-we-were-deliberately-left-out-of-syrias-constitutional-process-kurdish-official-tells-memo/|access-date=5 December 2023|website=Middle East Monitor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ahmed|first=Îlham|date=20 November 2019|title=Ilham Ahmed Remarks|url=https://dckurd.org/2019/11/26/ilham-ahmed-remarks/|access-date=5 December 2023|website=Washington Kurdish Institute}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Thompson|first=Ben|date=16 March 2016|title=Shut out of Peace Talks, Kurds Seek Self-Rule in Northern Syria |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-News/2016/0316/Shut-out-of-peace-talks-Kurds-seek-self-rule-in-northern-Syria|access-date=5 December 2023|website=Christian Science Monitor}}</ref>

The Syrian Democratic Council was invited to participate in the international ] in March 2016. However, it rejected the invitations because no representatives of the ], led by the ], were invited.{{Citation needed|date=November 2020}}


Effective 31 January 2018, the SDC is registered in the US as a "foreign political party" under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/syrian-kurds-apply-to-set-up-mission-in-washington-130649|title=Syrian Kurds apply to set up mission in Washington|publisher=Hurriyet Daily News|date=2018-04-20}}</ref> Effective 31 January 2018, the SDC is registered in the US as a "foreign political party" under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/syrian-kurds-apply-to-set-up-mission-in-washington-130649|title=Syrian Kurds apply to set up mission in Washington|publisher=Hurriyet Daily News|date=2018-04-20}}</ref>

On the Geneva talks, SDC member Bassam Ishak stated:<blockquote>As for Iran, Russia, and the Syrian regime, they want the regime to regain control over the territories east of the Euphrates river, and therefore they reject the DAA project and do not want its participation.<ref>{{Cite web|date=7 July 2021|title=Bassam Ishak: DAA's absence in Astana clear signal for a military solution for Syria only in the interest of Syrian regime and its sponsors|url=https://syriacpress.com/blog/2021/07/07/bassam-ishak-daas-absence-in-astana-clear-signal-for-a-military-solution-for-syria-only-in-the-interest-of-syrian-regime-and-its-sponsors/|access-date=5 December 2023|website=SyriacPress}}</ref>

</blockquote>], President of the SDC's Executive Council, has said: <blockquote>AANES seeks to provide a miniature model that present the whole of Syria...What has been achieved in northeastern Syria takes precedence over the Geneva negotiations, because the talks are taking place with Syrians and not between representatives of external parties.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ali|first=Jan|date=4 December 2020|title=Belgian delegation discusses conditions in northeastern Syria with SDC|url=https://npasyria.com/en/50774/|access-date=5 December 2023|website=North Press Agency}}</ref>
</blockquote>


==Members of the General Federal Assembly== ==Members of the General Federal Assembly==
Line 393: Line 404:
| |
| ? | ?
|}<nowiki> </nowiki><ref>{{cite web |title=Executive Board of Democratic Syria Assembly elected |publisher=Ajansa Nûçeyan a Firatê |url=http://anfenglish.com/kurdistan/executive-board-of-democratic-syria-assembly-elected |date=13 December 2015 |access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.syriainside.com/articles/66_مجلس-سورية-الديمقراطي |publisher=Syrian Establishment for Studies and Research of public opinion |title=مجلس سورية الديمقراطي |last=Khurshid |first=Ahmed |access-date=20 September 2016 |language=ar |trans-title=Syria Democratic Council}}</ref> |}<ref>{{cite web|title=Executive Board of Democratic Syria Assembly elected|publisher=Ajansa Nûçeyan a Firatê|url=http://anfenglish.com/kurdistan/executive-board-of-democratic-syria-assembly-elected|date=13 December 2015|access-date=28 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriainside.com/articles/66_مجلس-سورية-الديمقراطي|publisher=Syrian Establishment for Studies and Research of public opinion|title=مجلس سورية الديمقراطي|last=Khurshid|first=Ahmed|access-date=20 September 2016|language=ar|trans-title=Syria Democratic Council}}</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{Notelist}}
{{Reflist|30em}} {{Reflist|30em}}
⚫ {{Rojava topics}}


== External link ==
*

⚫ {{Rojava topics}}
] ]
] ]

Revision as of 17:18, 27 December 2024

Political wing of the Syrian Democratic Forces Not to be confused with Syrian National Democratic Council. See also: List of political parties in Rojava
This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (June 2022)
Syrian Democratic Council
ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ
Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk
مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية
Coat of arms or logo
Type
TypeUnicameral
Leadership
Co-ChairRiad Darar, Independent
since 25 February 2017
Co-ChairAmina Omar
since 16 July 2018
Structure
Seats43
Political groupsDemocratic Nation List

Opposition (36)

Meeting place
Al-Malikiyah, Al-Hasakah Governorate, Syria
Website
Official English Website
Politics of Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria
Symbols
Constitution
Legislature and Government
Elections
Political parties
Party alliances
Administrative regions
Foreign relations

The Syrian Democratic Council (MSD) is the political wing of the Syrian Democratic Forces in the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES). The SDC's stated mission is working towards the implementation of a "Pluralistic, democratic and decentralized system for all of Syria".

The body has been heavily criticized as undemocratic due to its indefinite ban on voting following its initial elections in 2017 and its refusal to allow for the participation of non-YPG aligned parties.

Establishment and history

2015

The Syrian Democratic Council was established on 10 December 2015 in Al-Malikiyah. Prominent human rights activist Haytham Manna was elected co-chair at its founding.

The Assembly that established the Syrian Democratic Council was made up of 13 members from specific ethnic, economic and political backgrounds.

2016

On 1 August 2016 the Syrian Democratic Council opened a public office in Hasakah.

On 11 September 2016 the Syria's Tomorrow Movement signed a cooperation agreement with the Syrian Democratic Council and the associated de facto autonomous region of the AANES.

In late September and early October 2016 a forum for the Syrian Democratic Council was held in the town of Rmelan, in the northeastern Hasakah Governorate. Those that attended the conference included a representative from Jableh, in the western Latakia Governorate.

Ronahî TV support the Democratic Union Party (Syria).

2017

On 13 January 2017, a youth constituent assembly was established in Qamishli.

On 25 February 2017, the Assyrian Democratic Party agreed to join the Syrian Democratic Council, and the YPG agreed to hand over security in the Assyrian towns along the Khabur River to the Khabur Guards and Nattoreh which joined the Syrian Democratic Forces. On 13 April, PYD forces officially handed over the Khabur valley's villages to the Khabour Guards and Nattoreh, though the YPG kept a military base near Tell Tamer. On the same day, the second conference of the SDC took place in al-Malikiyah and Riad Darar was elected as the co-president of the SDC, replacing Haytham Manna, alongside Îlham Ehmed, who was re-elected.

On 28 May 2017, a female branch of the Syrian Democratic Assembly was established in Al-Shaddadah.

2018

Elections for the council were planned for early 2018, but never held. On 16 July 2018, the Third Conference of SDC was held under the slogan "Towards a Political Solution and Building a Decentralized Democratic Syria" in Al-Tabqa city, where the delegates elected Amina Omar and re-elected Riad Darar as co-chairs of SDC. Amina Omar replaced Îlham Ehmed, who was elected co-president of the Executive Council of the AANES,

On 6 September 2018, SDC held a meeting of local councils and autonomous administration departments in north and east Syria at the headquarters of SDC in Ain Issa town, with the participation of Amina Omar, co-chair of SDC, the heads of the civil councils in North Syria and the dignitaries of the Arab tribes, to form an autonomous administration of north and east of Syria on the basis of the decision taken at the third conference of the SDC held on 16 July this year. During the meeting, the 70-member General Council for Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria was formed as follows: 49 members of the legislative councils in the areas of Autonomous Administration and civil councils, and 21 members of the technocrats agreed upon through the preparatory committee and discuss other departments. Mrs. Siham Qariou (Syriac) and Mr. Farid Atti (Kurd) were elected to the joint presidency of the General Council for the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, also were elected five members of General Office of the council. Mrs. Berivan Khaled (Khalid) and Abdul Hamid al-Mahbash were elected co-chairmen of Executive Body.
Later, in the meeting held on 3 October 2018, the co-chairs of the nine Authorities of the Executive Council were elected. On October 21, the first meeting of the General Council was held, at which a legal committee of three people was created, whose tasks is to determine laws, concepts and proposals from committees, departments and offices, in addition to studying the laws issued by the council. At the meeting it was decided to hold meetings of the Council twice a month.

Involvement in negotiations on Syria

While the Syrian Democratic Council stressed their desire to participate in the Geneva and Astana talks, they were excluded from both due to Turkish veto.

Effective 31 January 2018, the SDC is registered in the US as a "foreign political party" under the Foreign Agents Registration Act.

On the Geneva talks, SDC member Bassam Ishak stated:

As for Iran, Russia, and the Syrian regime, they want the regime to regain control over the territories east of the Euphrates river, and therefore they reject the DAA project and do not want its participation.

Ilham Ehmed, President of the SDC's Executive Council, has said:

AANES seeks to provide a miniature model that present the whole of Syria...What has been achieved in northeastern Syria takes precedence over the Geneva negotiations, because the talks are taking place with Syrians and not between representatives of external parties.

Members of the General Federal Assembly

Name Party Alliance Canton Notes
Salih El-Nebwanî Law–Citizenship–Rights Movement (QMH) ?
Haytham Manna Law–Citizenship–Rights Movement (QMH) ? Heysem Menaa (Kurdish Transcription)
Majid Hebu Law–Citizenship–Rights Movement (QMH) ? Macid Hebo, European Representative of Wheat Wave Movement
Betar El-Şerih Honor and Rights Convention (CDR) ?
Meram Dawûd Honor and Rights Convention (CDR) ?
Ziyad El-Asî Syrian Democratic Society TAA ? Affiliated to Ahmed Al-Jarba
Kerîm El-Dîn Fadil Fetûm Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party ?
Ebilqadir El-Miwehed Syrian Democratic Modernity Party LND ? Led by Fîras Qesas
Parêzer Elaaddin El-Xalid Syrian National Democratic Alliance ?
Ehmed Ehrec Syrian National Democratic Alliance ?
Fîdan Berîm Syrian National Democratic Alliance ? Rewan Mihemed
Ceyhan Khaddro Syrian National Democratic Alliance Shahba Dayr Hafir Representative
Îşûh Gewriyê Syriac Union Party (SUP) LND Jazira
Şemîran Şemûn Syriac Union Party (SUP) LND Jazira
Lawyer Macid Behî Syriac Union Party (SUP) LND Jazira
Mihmedê Mûsê Left Party of Syrian Kurds LND ?
Rojîn Remo Kongreya Star LND Women's Representative, also in Democratic Union Party (PYD)
Alî Hoco N/A N/A Shahba Jarablus Representative
Sîhanok Dîbo Democratic Union Party (PYD) LND Jazira
Hikmet Hebîb Arab National Coalition LND ?
Şêx Alî Kurdish Democratic Unity Party (PYDKS or Yek-Dem) HNKS ?
Wail Mîrza Assyrian Democratic Party LND Jazira
Telal Mihemed Syrian Kurds' Democratic Peace Party (PADKS) LND ?
Mizgîn Zêdan Democratic Transformation Party LND ?
Ferhad Têlo Kurdistan Liberal Union Party (PYLK) LND ?
Xensa Hemûd Bureau of Arab Women ?
Newal El-Mezîd Independent ?
Ebdilrezaq Mihemed El-Taî Democratic Council of Arab Tribes Jazira
Îlham Ehmed Democratic Union Party (PYD) LND ? Yekîtiya Star
Cîhad Mihemed Omer Independent (TEV-DEM) LND ?
Emar Helûş El-Salêm Independent ?
Fewzî Şengalî Kurdish Democratic Accord Party (al Wifaq) HNKS ?
Emcet Osman Syrian Reform Movement (Al-Îslah) HNKS ?
Îbrahîm El-Hesen N/A N/A Kobanî Tell Abyad Turkmen Representative
Bêrîvan Ehmed N/A N/A N/A Youth Representative
Faris Eto Şemo Yazidi House Jazira Mala Êzîdiyan
Fehed Daqûrî Council of Kurdish Tribes Kobanî
Cîhan Xedro Independent Shahba
Cemal Şêx Baqî Syrian Kurdish Democratic Party (PDK-S) ENKS ? Jamal Sheik Baqi
Nasir El-Nasir Independent ?
Bassam Said Ishak Syriac National Council LND ? Syriac European diaspora Representative
Hisnî Xemîs Independent ?

References

    • Kurdish: Meclîsa Sûriya Demokratîk;
    • Arabic: مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية, romanized: majlis suria aldiymuqratia;
    • Classical Syriac: ܡܘܬܒܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ ܕܝܡܩܪܛܝܬܐ, romanized: Mawtbo d'Suriya Demoqraṭoyto
  1. "Kurdish-Arab coalition in Syria forms political wing". Al Jazeera. 11 December 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2016.
  2. "@SDCPress" on Twitter
  3. Dri, Karwan. "Rojava considers delaying local elections indefinitely: Source". manage.rudaw.net. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  4. Nelson, Mateo (2024-06-11). "The war over AANES municipal elections in northeastern Syria". Syria Direct. Retrieved 2024-12-26.
  5. "Kurdish-Arab coalition fighting Islamic State in Syria creates political wing". GlobalPost (AFP). 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
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  7. "Executive Board of Democratic Syria Assembly elected". ANF. 2015-12-13. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
  8. "Haytham Manna Elected Joint Chairman of Syrian Democratic Council". The Syrian Observer. 2015-10-14. Retrieved 2016-05-26.
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  14. Anita Garibaldi (24 February 2017). "1. Under reported deal reached last month between Assyrians of Khabour and PYD. YPG to leave all Assyrian towns along the Khabour River..." (Tweet). Retrieved 14 April 2017 – via Twitter.
  15. CristiansOrient 🎗 (2 March 2017). "Milicians cristians dels Guàrdies del Khabour, Forces Democràtiques de #Síria" (Tweet). Retrieved 14 April 2017 – via Twitter.
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  19. "Syrian Kurds press on with elections despite divisions". Al-Monitor: Independent, Trusted Coverage of the Middle East. 12 December 2017.
  20. "Amina Omar ,Ryad Derrar elected as co-chairs of MSD". Hawar News Agency. 16 July 2018. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  21. "مجلس سوريا الديمقراطية ينهي أعمال مؤتمره بإصدار البيان الختامي - ANHA" (in Arabic).
  22. Fetah, Vîviyan (17 July 2018). "Îlham Ehmed: Dê rêxistinên me li Şamê jî ava bibin". www.rudaw.net (in Kurdish). Rudaw Media Network. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
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  24. "Final statement of Autonomous Administration of North, East Syria". Hawar News Agency.
  25. "Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria announced in Ain Issa".
  26. "Berivan Khalid: Rules of procedure's draft of bodies to be completed within next 10 days".
  27. "Who are co-chairs of DAA bodies of north, east Syria?".
  28. "تعرف على الرؤساء المشتركين لهيئات الإدارة الذاتية لشمال وشرق سوريا" (in Arabic).
  29. "المجلس العام للإدارة الذاتية يناقش آلية عمله ويتخذ قرارات في جلسته الاولى". Hawar News Agency (in Arabic).
  30. A, Marwa (2 December 2019). "We were deliberately left out of Syria's constitutional process, Kurdish official tells MEMO". Middle East Monitor. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  31. Ahmed, Îlham (20 November 2019). "Ilham Ahmed Remarks". Washington Kurdish Institute. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  32. Thompson, Ben (16 March 2016). "Shut out of Peace Talks, Kurds Seek Self-Rule in Northern Syria". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  33. "Syrian Kurds apply to set up mission in Washington". Hurriyet Daily News. 2018-04-20.
  34. "Bassam Ishak: DAA's absence in Astana clear signal for a military solution for Syria only in the interest of Syrian regime and its sponsors". SyriacPress. 7 July 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  35. Ali, Jan (4 December 2020). "Belgian delegation discusses conditions in northeastern Syria with SDC". North Press Agency. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
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