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== Antiquity Era (600 BC – 710 AD) == == Antiquity Era (600 BC – 710 AD) ==


* ] (100 BCE - 500 AD), was the Chinese name for a ]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Saussy |first=Haun |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/The_Making_of_Barbarians/i7APEQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Kangju+Sogdian&pg=PA2&printsec=frontcover |title=The Making of Barbarians: Chinese Literature and Multilingual Asia |date=2024-12-17 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-23198-3 |page=2 |language=en}}</ref> state in ], considered the second most powerful state in the region. Their territory covered the region of the ] and the area between the ] and ] rivers, with the core territory along the middle ], with their capital being a city called Beitian. * ] (100 BCE - 500 AD), was the Chinese name for a ]<ref>{{Cite book |last=Saussy |first=Haun |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i7APEQAAQBAJ&dq=Kangju+Sogdian&pg=PA2 |title=The Making of Barbarians: Chinese Literature and Multilingual Asia |date=2024-12-17 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-23198-3 |page=2 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sinor |first=Denis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ST6TRNuWmHsC |title=The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia |date=March 1990 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-24304-9 |pages=174 |language=en}}</ref> state in ], considered the second most powerful state in the region. Their territory covered the region of the ] and the area between the ] and ] rivers, with the core territory along the middle ], with their capital being a city called Beitian.
* ] (600 AD - 700 AD), was a local dynasty which governed the ] region, also known as al-Saghaniyan in ] sources. * ] (600 AD - 700 AD), was a local dynasty which governed the ] region, also known as al-Saghaniyan in ] sources.
* ] (651 AD - 1883 AD), a ] Tajik principality based in the historical region of ], its capital at ]. Founded since the time of the ], they were subjugated by many larger states in their history until their eventual subjugation by the ] and the ] in the late 19th century. * ] (651 AD - 1883 AD), a ] Tajik principality based in the historical region of ], its capital at ]. Founded since the time of the ], they were subjugated by many larger states in their history until their eventual subjugation by the ] and the ] in the late 19th century.
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* ] (712 AD - 819 AD), a Sodgian Dynasty which ruled over the ]. They were an autonomous principality under the Ummayads, Türgesh and ] until the Samanids put an end to their rule over the region in 819 AD. * ] (712 AD - 819 AD), a Sodgian Dynasty which ruled over the ]. They were an autonomous principality under the Ummayads, Türgesh and ] until the Samanids put an end to their rule over the region in 819 AD.
* ] (784 AD - 1215 AD), a Tajik<ref>{{Cite book |last=Foltz |first=Richard |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/A_History_of_the_Tajiks/1ca6EAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&pg=PA90&printsec=frontcover |title=A History of the Tajiks: Iranians of the East |date=2023-06-15 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-7556-4967-9 |page=90 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Siddiqi |first=Iqtidar Husain |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Indo_Persian_Historiography_Up_to_the_Th/DJbmTL8svpwC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&pg=PA154&printsec=frontcover |title=Indo-Persian Historiography Up to the Thirteenth Century |date=2010 |publisher=Primus Books |isbn=978-81-908918-0-6 |page=154 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=König |first=Daniel G. |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=QOQ3EQAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA766&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y |title=Entangled Worlds: 600–1350 |last2=Iriye |first2=Akira |last3=Osterhammel |first3=Jürgen |date=2025-03-04 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-04718-1 |page=766 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Flood |first=Finbarr Barry |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Objects_of_Translation/vUZpEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&pg=PA92&printsec=frontcover |title=Objects of Translation: Material Culture and Medieval "Hindu-Muslim" Encounter |date=2022-07-12 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-3324-5 |page=92 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=David C. |title=Ghurid |url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/63836358/Thomas201620200705-23842-1n11yg5.pdf?1593983479=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DGhurid_Sultanate.pdf&Expires=1735156860&Signature=dWjqusZDKVPltbIUI8foMz86FDJFsMGDejbIlpbkLJOmCMtjPA1kwDudoUz8xqdJorC8yzHoMfyRQlAoIfMN8whZR8La1H5OF2Cyv-D4ctIyt0GPmny8ND4gMdQjR6v1MwRQdnMuvMppSnezlsALoIRIOSDdSmKelsNHhCnYm1SrK-2dU7khyC~NGC0MC3lSf0SsAUB0NM4c4SBdtWzRWoEGq7RetQ9ckVCHdXbJEy2vxzrPTmoZUP7erGzwwoZkYKRGnHglHD33NrVdh-vhy110q6AZ5u1r9SpzNkoCkLqMPZJl3RhXTG85nJCd6IzNvWyStFVa7g8XCdWmE-ddLg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA}}</ref> dynasty which ruled the region of ], becoming an Empire from 1175 to 1215. They gradually converted to ] after the conquest of Ghor by the ] ruler ] in 1011. The Ghurids eventually overran the Ghaznavids when ] ] and expelled the Ghaznavids from their last stronghold. Eventually they took large parts of ]. Despite their short lived empire, their reign certified Islamic rule for India for centuries to come. * ] (784 AD - 1215 AD), a Tajik<ref>{{Cite book |last=Foltz |first=Richard |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ca6EAAAQBAJ&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&pg=PA90 |title=A History of the Tajiks: Iranians of the East |date=2023-06-15 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-0-7556-4967-9 |page=90 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Siddiqi |first=Iqtidar Husain |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DJbmTL8svpwC&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&pg=PA154 |title=Indo-Persian Historiography Up to the Thirteenth Century |date=2010 |publisher=Primus Books |isbn=978-81-908918-0-6 |page=154 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=König |first1=Daniel G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QOQ3EQAAQBAJ&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&pg=PA766 |title=Entangled Worlds: 600–1350 |last2=Iriye |first2=Akira |last3=Osterhammel |first3=Jürgen |date=2025-03-04 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-04718-1 |page=766 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Flood |first=Finbarr Barry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vUZpEAAAQBAJ&dq=Ghurid+Tajik&pg=PA92 |title=Objects of Translation: Material Culture and Medieval "Hindu-Muslim" Encounter |date=2022-07-12 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-3324-5 |page=92 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Thomas |first=David C. |title=Ghurid |url=https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/63836358/Thomas201620200705-23842-1n11yg5.pdf?1593983479=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DGhurid_Sultanate.pdf&Expires=1735156860&Signature=dWjqusZDKVPltbIUI8foMz86FDJFsMGDejbIlpbkLJOmCMtjPA1kwDudoUz8xqdJorC8yzHoMfyRQlAoIfMN8whZR8La1H5OF2Cyv-D4ctIyt0GPmny8ND4gMdQjR6v1MwRQdnMuvMppSnezlsALoIRIOSDdSmKelsNHhCnYm1SrK-2dU7khyC~NGC0MC3lSf0SsAUB0NM4c4SBdtWzRWoEGq7RetQ9ckVCHdXbJEy2vxzrPTmoZUP7erGzwwoZkYKRGnHglHD33NrVdh-vhy110q6AZ5u1r9SpzNkoCkLqMPZJl3RhXTG85nJCd6IzNvWyStFVa7g8XCdWmE-ddLg__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA}}</ref> dynasty which ruled the region of ], becoming an Empire from 1175 to 1215. They gradually converted to ] after the conquest of Ghor by the ] ruler ] in 1011. The Ghurids eventually overran the Ghaznavids when ] ] and expelled the Ghaznavids from their last stronghold. Eventually they took large parts of ]. Despite their short lived empire, their reign certified Islamic rule for India for centuries to come.
* ] (1244 AD - 1381 AD), a Tajik<ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Harvey Henry |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Area_Handbook_for_Afghanistan/ZUmiM1hZ7esC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Kart+Dynasty+Tajik&pg=PA43&printsec=frontcover |title=Area Handbook for Afghanistan |date=1969 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=43 |language=en}}</ref> dynasty closely related to the Ghurids, ruled a large parts of ]. They were vassals of the Ghurids, Mongols and Timurids at one point of their history. The ruled from their capital at ] and central Khorasan in the ]. * ] (1244 AD - 1381 AD), a Tajik<ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Harvey Henry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZUmiM1hZ7esC&dq=Kart+Dynasty+Tajik&pg=PA43 |title=Area Handbook for Afghanistan |date=1969 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=43 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Byron |first=Robert |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xo-MDAAAQBAJ&dq=Kartids+Tajik&pg=PA441 |title=The Road to Oxiana: New edition linked and annotaded |date=2016-06-27 |publisher=MarcoPolo |isbn=978-989-8575-68-5 |page=441 |language=pt-BR}}</ref> dynasty closely related to the Ghurids, ruled a large parts of ]. They were vassals of the Ghurids, Mongols and Timurids at one point of their history. The ruled from their capital at ] and central Khorasan in the ].


== Early Modern Era (1506–1868) == == Early Modern Era (1506–1868) ==


* ] (1657 AD - 1873 AD), a Sunni Tajik dynasty which ruled over the ], they were subjugated by the ]. * ] (1657 AD - 1873 AD), a Sunni Tajik dynasty which ruled over the ], they were subjugated by the ].
* ] (1638 AD - 1873 AD), a Tajik principality which ruled over the Darwaz Region. It was ruled by a Mir and its capital was at ]. They were subjugated by the ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Becker |first=Seymour |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Russia_s_Protectorates_in_Central_Asia/m9iHogrz3N4C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=darvaz&pg=PA71&printsec=frontcover |title=Russia's Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865-1924 |date=2004-08-02 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-33583-1 |page=71 |language=en}}</ref> * ] (1638 AD - 1873 AD), a Tajik principality which ruled over the Darwaz Region. It was ruled by a Mir and its capital was at ]. They were subjugated by the ].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Becker |first=Seymour |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m9iHogrz3N4C&dq=darvaz&pg=PA71 |title=Russia's Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865-1924 |date=2004-08-02 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-33583-1 |page=71 |language=en}}</ref>


== Modern Era == == Modern Era (1868 AD - Present) ==


* ] (1929 AD), a short-lived Tajik ruled Emirate established by ]. The emirate emerged during the ], a conflict between ] forces led by Kalakani and opposing tribes and monarchs within Afghanistan. It was overthrown by ] and only lasted 9 months. * ] (1929 AD), a short-lived Tajik ruled Emirate established by ]. The emirate emerged during the ], a conflict between ] forces led by Kalakani and opposing tribes and monarchs within Afghanistan. It was overthrown by ] and only lasted 9 months.
* ] (1929 AD - 1991 AD), one of the ] of the ] created for the Tajiks, it preceded the ] of the ]. The Republic was governed by mostly Ethnic Tajiks apart of the Tajik Communist Party. It gained independence after the Soviet Union collapsed and was succeeded by the Republic of Tajikistan. * ] (1929 AD - 1991 AD), one of the ] of the ] created for the Tajiks, it preceded the ] of the ]. The Republic was governed by mostly Ethnic Tajiks apart of the Tajik Communist Party. It gained independence after the Soviet Union collapsed and was succeeded by the Republic of Tajikistan.
* ] (1992 AD - 2001 AD), a government led by the Tajik ] with ] as its President<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sprague |first=Stanley B. |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Afghanistan_s_Violent_Decades/f5MuEQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Rabbani+Afghanistan&pg=PA56&printsec=frontcover |title=Afghanistan's Violent Decades: A History, 1978 Through 2021 |date=2024-10-24 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-1-4766-9185-5 |page=56 |language=en}}</ref> and ] as it's Military Leader. It was replaced by the ] after the ]. * ] (1992 AD - 2001 AD), a government led by the Tajik ] with ] as its President<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sprague |first=Stanley B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f5MuEQAAQBAJ&dq=Rabbani+Afghanistan&pg=PA56 |title=Afghanistan's Violent Decades: A History, 1978 Through 2021 |date=2024-10-24 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-1-4766-9185-5 |page=56 |language=en}}</ref> and ] as it's Military Leader. It was replaced by the ] after the ].
* ] (1991 AD - Present), a Tajik secular state ruled by ], successor of the Tajik SSR. * ] (1991 AD - Present), a Tajik secular state ruled by ], successor of the Tajik SSR.


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The following is a list of Tajik dynasties. It includes states, principalities, empires and dynasties which were founded by rulers or dynasties of Tajik origin or Proto-Tajik origin. Ethnicities closely associated with Tajiks will be included.

Antiquity Era (600 BC – 710 AD)

Medieval Era (710–1506)

  • Principality of Farghana (712 AD - 819 AD), a Sodgian Dynasty which ruled over the Farghana region. They were an autonomous principality under the Ummayads, Türgesh and Tang dynasty until the Samanids put an end to their rule over the region in 819 AD.
  • Ghurid Dynasty (784 AD - 1215 AD), a Tajik dynasty which ruled the region of Ghor, becoming an Empire from 1175 to 1215. They gradually converted to Sunni Islam after the conquest of Ghor by the Ghaznavid ruler Mahmud of Ghazni in 1011. The Ghurids eventually overran the Ghaznavids when Muhammad of Ghor seized Lahore and expelled the Ghaznavids from their last stronghold. Eventually they took large parts of India. Despite their short lived empire, their reign certified Islamic rule for India for centuries to come.
  • Kart Dynasty (1244 AD - 1381 AD), a Tajik dynasty closely related to the Ghurids, ruled a large parts of Khorasan. They were vassals of the Ghurids, Mongols and Timurids at one point of their history. The ruled from their capital at Herat and central Khorasan in the Bamyan.

Early Modern Era (1506–1868)

Modern Era (1868 AD - Present)

References

  1. Saussy, Haun (2024-12-17). The Making of Barbarians: Chinese Literature and Multilingual Asia. Princeton University Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-691-23198-3.
  2. Sinor, Denis (March 1990). The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia. Cambridge University Press. p. 174. ISBN 978-0-521-24304-9.
  3. Foltz, Richard (2023-06-15). A History of the Tajiks: Iranians of the East. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 90. ISBN 978-0-7556-4967-9.
  4. Siddiqi, Iqtidar Husain (2010). Indo-Persian Historiography Up to the Thirteenth Century. Primus Books. p. 154. ISBN 978-81-908918-0-6.
  5. König, Daniel G.; Iriye, Akira; Osterhammel, Jürgen (2025-03-04). Entangled Worlds: 600–1350. Harvard University Press. p. 766. ISBN 978-0-674-04718-1.
  6. Flood, Finbarr Barry (2022-07-12). Objects of Translation: Material Culture and Medieval "Hindu-Muslim" Encounter. Princeton University Press. p. 92. ISBN 978-1-4008-3324-5.
  7. Thomas, David C. "Ghurid" (PDF).
  8. Smith, Harvey Henry (1969). Area Handbook for Afghanistan. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 43.
  9. Byron, Robert (2016-06-27). The Road to Oxiana: New edition linked and annotaded (in Brazilian Portuguese). MarcoPolo. p. 441. ISBN 978-989-8575-68-5.
  10. Becker, Seymour (2004-08-02). Russia's Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865-1924. Routledge. p. 71. ISBN 978-1-134-33583-1.
  11. Sprague, Stanley B. (2024-10-24). Afghanistan's Violent Decades: A History, 1978 Through 2021. McFarland. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-4766-9185-5.
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