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| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| {{History of Kosovo}} | {{History of Kosovo}} | ||
| The Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija received more and more autonomy and self-government within Serbia and Yugoslavia during the 1970s, and its name was officially changed in 1974 to ''Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo'' ("and Metohija" was removed because it was not used by the Kosovo Albanians and "Socialist" added to further show the Socialist ideal of then's SFRY) as per the Constitutions of SFRY and SR Serbia, when SAP Kosovo also gained its own Constitution. The Province of Kosovo gained the highest officials, most notably Presidency and Government, and gained a seat in the Federal Yugoslavian Presidency (including veto power on the federal level) which equated it to the states of SR Serbia |
The Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija received more and more autonomy and self-government within Serbia and Yugoslavia during the 1970s, and its name was officially changed in 1974 to ''Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo'' ("and ]" was removed because it was not used by the Kosovo Albanians and "Socialist" added to further show the Socialist ideal of then's SFRY) as per the Constitutions of SFRY and SR Serbia, when SAP Kosovo also gained its own Constitution. The Province of Kosovo gained the highest officials, most notably Presidency and Government, and gained a seat in the Federal ] (including ] power on the federal level) which equated it to the states of SR Serbia. | ||
| Although officially both ] and ] were the officially languages of the province, Serbo-Croatian was pushed out completely from institutions, as Albanian became the main and sole language of the Province.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} Serbs as well as other non-Albanians like Romas, Muslims, Turks and Macedonians were completely excluded from all institutions and subjected to a campaign of discrimination and mistreatment from the Albanian-dominated Communist regime in Pristina.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} The mass-emigration of thousands of Serbs from Kosovo continued in an even more rapid pace.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} | Although officially both ] and ] were the officially languages of the province, Serbo-Croatian was pushed out completely from institutions, as Albanian became the main and sole language of the Province.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} Serbs as well as other non-Albanians like Romas, Muslims, Turks and Macedonians were completely excluded from all institutions and subjected to a campaign of discrimination and mistreatment from the Albanian-dominated Communist regime in Pristina.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} The mass-emigration of thousands of Serbs from Kosovo continued in an even more rapid pace.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} | ||
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| The local Albanian-dominated ruling class had been asking for recognition of Kosovo as a parallel republic to Serbia within the Federation (with the extreme minority demanding an independent Kosovo{{Fact|date=April 2007}}), and after ]’s death in 1980, the demands were renewed. In March of 1981 Albanian students were protesting, demanding independence of Kosovo. This subsequently and rapidly escalated into an extremely violent mass-riots across the province that spread across 6 major Kosovo cities and included over 20,000 Albanian dissidents. The Yugoslav authorities harshly prosecuted and contained the massive civil unrest. Emigration of non-Albanians increased and ethnic tensions between Albanians and non-Albanians greatly increased{{Fact|date=April 2007}}, with violent inner-attacks, especially aimed at the Yugoslavian officials and representatives of authority. | The local Albanian-dominated ruling class had been asking for recognition of Kosovo as a parallel republic to Serbia within the Federation (with the extreme minority demanding an independent Kosovo{{Fact|date=April 2007}}), and after ]’s death in 1980, the demands were renewed. In March of 1981 Albanian students were protesting, demanding independence of Kosovo. This subsequently and rapidly escalated into an extremely violent mass-riots across the province that spread across 6 major Kosovo cities and included over 20,000 Albanian dissidents. The Yugoslav authorities harshly prosecuted and contained the massive civil unrest. Emigration of non-Albanians increased and ethnic tensions between Albanians and non-Albanians greatly increased{{Fact|date=April 2007}}, with violent inner-attacks, especially aimed at the Yugoslavian officials and representatives of authority. | ||
| ] became the leader of the Serbian communists in 1986, and went in seizing control |
] became the leader of the ] in ], and went in seizing total control over Kosovo and ]. This can especially be seen in the ] rift in Kosovo which became the final turnout of possibilities of peace between Albanians and Yugoslavia. On June 28th 1989, Slobodan mass-celebrated in front of hundreds of thousands (almost one million) Serbs the 600th iubilee anniversary in ], delivering the ] which is mostly characterized as the beginning of his political career, the crisis in Kosovo and the ] movement that would be pivotal in the ]. | ||
| In 1989, Milosevic revoked the autonomy of Kosovo back to the pre-1971 ''Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija'' status, which was passed by the Kosovo Parliament in September of 1990 and went to his campaign that would lead to the ] |
In 1989, Milosevic revoked the autonomy of Kosovo back to the pre-1971 ''Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija'' status, which was passed by the Kosovo Parliament in September of 1990 and went to his campaign that would lead to the ]. | ||
| ==Demographics== | ==Demographics== | ||
Revision as of 10:55, 1 May 2007
Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo (Serbo-Croatian: Социјалистичка Аутономна Покрајина Косово, Socijalistička Autonomna Pokrajina Kosovo, Albanian: Krahina Socialiste Autonome e Kosovës) was one of the two socialist autonomous provinces of the Socialist Republic of Serbia and one of the federal units of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1974 to 1990. Its capital was Priština.
History
| Part of a series on the |
|---|
| History of Kosovo |
 |
| Prehistory |
| Antiquity |
| Roman Kosovo |
Medieval Kosovo
|
| Ottoman Kosovo |
| 20th Century |
Contemporary
|
| See Also |
The Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija received more and more autonomy and self-government within Serbia and Yugoslavia during the 1970s, and its name was officially changed in 1974 to Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo ("and Metohija" was removed because it was not used by the Kosovo Albanians and "Socialist" added to further show the Socialist ideal of then's SFRY) as per the Constitutions of SFRY and SR Serbia, when SAP Kosovo also gained its own Constitution. The Province of Kosovo gained the highest officials, most notably Presidency and Government, and gained a seat in the Federal Yugoslavian Presidency (including veto power on the federal level) which equated it to the states of SR Serbia.
Although officially both Albanian and Serbo-Croatian were the officially languages of the province, Serbo-Croatian was pushed out completely from institutions, as Albanian became the main and sole language of the Province. Serbs as well as other non-Albanians like Romas, Muslims, Turks and Macedonians were completely excluded from all institutions and subjected to a campaign of discrimination and mistreatment from the Albanian-dominated Communist regime in Pristina. The mass-emigration of thousands of Serbs from Kosovo continued in an even more rapid pace.
The local Albanian-dominated ruling class had been asking for recognition of Kosovo as a parallel republic to Serbia within the Federation (with the extreme minority demanding an independent Kosovo), and after Tito’s death in 1980, the demands were renewed. In March of 1981 Albanian students were protesting, demanding independence of Kosovo. This subsequently and rapidly escalated into an extremely violent mass-riots across the province that spread across 6 major Kosovo cities and included over 20,000 Albanian dissidents. The Yugoslav authorities harshly prosecuted and contained the massive civil unrest. Emigration of non-Albanians increased and ethnic tensions between Albanians and non-Albanians greatly increased, with violent inner-attacks, especially aimed at the Yugoslavian officials and representatives of authority.
Slobodan Milošević became the leader of the Serbian communists in 1986, and went in seizing total control over Kosovo and Vojvodina. This can especially be seen in the 1987 rift in Kosovo which became the final turnout of possibilities of peace between Albanians and Yugoslavia. On June 28th 1989, Slobodan mass-celebrated in front of hundreds of thousands (almost one million) Serbs the 600th iubilee anniversary in Gazimestan, delivering the Gazimestan speech which is mostly characterized as the beginning of his political career, the crisis in Kosovo and the Serbian nationalist movement that would be pivotal in the Yugoslav Wars.
In 1989, Milosevic revoked the autonomy of Kosovo back to the pre-1971 Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija status, which was passed by the Kosovo Parliament in September of 1990 and went to his campaign that would lead to the Kosovo war.
Demographics
According to the 1981 census (the only census taken during the existence of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo), the population of the province numbered 1,584,441 people, including:
- 1,226,736 Albanians (77.4%)
- 209,498 Serbs (13.2%)
- 58,562 Muslims (3.7%)
- 34,126 Roms (2.2%)
- 27,028 Montenegrins (1.7%)
- 12,513 Turks (0.8%)
- 8,717 Croats (0.6%)
- 2,676 Yugoslavs (0.2%)
- 4,584 others (0.2%)
Politics
The only political party in the province was League of Communists of Kosovo, which was part of the League of Communists of Serbia and part of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia.
The Constitution of the Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo was the higher juridical act of the province.
Presidents
List of the presidents of presidency of Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo:
- Xhavit Nimani, 1974-1981
- Ali Shukriu, 1981-1982
- Kolë Shiroka, 1982-1983
- Shefqet Nebih Gashi, 1983-1985
- Branislav Skembarević, 1985-1986
- Bajram Selani, 1986-1988
- Remzi Kolgeci, 1988-1989
- Hysen Kajdomçaj, 1989-1990
See also
| Republics and autonomous provinces of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia* | |
|---|---|
| * in order of population and territory size |