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| Mewati is one of the four main dialects of Rajasthan. The language of Meos is Mewati, a sub-dialect of northeastern Rajasthani. The language of the north and west of the district in which the Ahirs predominate is Ahirwati, another sub-dialect of the northeastern Rajasthani, while the language in the east of the district in which the Jats predominate, is the Braj Bhasha dialect of western Hindi. It is used mainly in Mewat region which is an ill-defined tract lying south of Delhi including the whole of Alwar and part of Bharatpur and a small part of Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh. It also includes a part of the Gurgaon district of the state of Haryana. Most of the area is flat, rocky and sandy, and is intersected by the lower range of the Aravbvalli hills. Mewati is spoken by over one hundred thousand Meos (Mewati speakers) (1991 Census Report of India) in this region. | Mewati is one of the four main dialects of Rajasthan. The language of Meos is Mewati, a sub-dialect of northeastern Rajasthani. The language of the north and west of the district in which the Ahirs predominate is Ahirwati, another sub-dialect of the northeastern Rajasthani, while the language in the east of the district in which the Jats predominate, is the Braj Bhasha dialect of western Hindi. It is used mainly in Mewat region which is an ill-defined tract lying south of Delhi including the whole of Alwar and part of Bharatpur and a small part of Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh. It also includes a part of the Gurgaon district of the state of Haryana. Most of the area is flat, rocky and sandy, and is intersected by the lower range of the Aravbvalli hills. Mewati is spoken by over one hundred thousand Meos (Mewati speakers) (1991 Census Report of India) in this region. | ||
| ==Voiced vs |
==Voiced vs voiceless== | ||
| ⚫ | Of the Mewati consonants the stops and the fricatives are characterized by a distinction of voicing and voicelessness. Whereas voiceless consonants are produced by only the supra-glottal articulators, their voiced counterparts are produced by an additional articulator: the glottis. The simultaneous use of glottal articulator makes the voiced consonant less favored than their voiceless counterpart in terms of the number of articulators. We therefore expect a skewing commensurate with this criterion in the makeup and distribution of the voiceless and voiced consonants in Mewati. | ||
| ⚫ | Of the Mewati |
||
| As discussed earlier, the distinction of voiced and voiceless is restricted to the stops (Phonological units at aperture "0") and the fricatives (phonological units at aperture 1). | As discussed earlier, the distinction of voiced and voiceless is restricted to the stops (Phonological units at aperture "0") and the fricatives (phonological units at aperture 1). | ||
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| Notwithstanding the above explanation it must be admitted that there is no preference for the voiceless consonants over their voiced counterparts in the makeup of Mewati phonological system. However, we expect that the tilt in favor of the voiceless consonants against the voiced consonants will show up in their frequencies of usage in the word. When we compare the voiceless and the voiced consonant in their frequency of usage in the Mewati monosyllabic words, we find that 61.70% are voiceless and 38.30% are voiced. The Table II given below compares the Mewati voiceless and the voiced consonants (both stops and fricatives) in their frequencies of usage in the Mewati monosyllabic words. | Notwithstanding the above explanation it must be admitted that there is no preference for the voiceless consonants over their voiced counterparts in the makeup of Mewati phonological system. However, we expect that the tilt in favor of the voiceless consonants against the voiced consonants will show up in their frequencies of usage in the word. When we compare the voiceless and the voiced consonant in their frequency of usage in the Mewati monosyllabic words, we find that 61.70% are voiceless and 38.30% are voiced. The Table II given below compares the Mewati voiceless and the voiced consonants (both stops and fricatives) in their frequencies of usage in the Mewati monosyllabic words. | ||
| ==Aspirated vs |
==Aspirated vs unaspirated== | ||
| In Mewati only the stops, nasals and laterals are characterized by a distinction of aspiration and unaspiratedness. Whereas the supraglottal articulators alone produce unaspirated stops, nasals and laterals, an additional articulator produces their aspirated counterparts: the lungs. The aspiration is produced by the puff of breath coming from the lungs through a particular maneuvering of the glottal articulator. The vocal folds, in a triangular configuration, force the air to rush through the small opening that brings about aspiration. This additional use of puff of air makes the aspirated stop less favored than their un aspirated counterpart in terms of the number of articulators. We therefore expect a skewing commensurate with this criterion in the make-up and distribution of the unaspirated and aspirated stops. | In Mewati only the stops, nasals and laterals are characterized by a distinction of aspiration and unaspiratedness. Whereas the supraglottal articulators alone produce unaspirated stops, nasals and laterals, an additional articulator produces their aspirated counterparts: the lungs. The aspiration is produced by the puff of breath coming from the lungs through a particular maneuvering of the glottal articulator. The vocal folds, in a triangular configuration, force the air to rush through the small opening that brings about aspiration. This additional use of puff of air makes the aspirated stop less favored than their un aspirated counterpart in terms of the number of articulators. We therefore expect a skewing commensurate with this criterion in the make-up and distribution of the unaspirated and aspirated stops. | ||
| As discussed earlier, there are twenty stops in Mewati, ten aspirated and ten unaspirated. The unaspirated stops include /p, t, T, c, k/ and /b, d, D, j, g/. The aspirated stops comprise /pH, th, Th, ch, kh/ and /bh, dh, Dh, jh, gh/. The comparison shows that there is not even a slight preference for the unaspirated counterparts in the make up of the phonological units in the paradigm. However, we encounter a vast skewing in favor of the unaspirated stops and against the aspirated stops in their frequency of usage in the word. When we compare the frequency of un aspirated and aspirated stops, as they appear in the monosyllabic words we find that there is a vast preference for the unaspirated stops. |
As discussed earlier, there are twenty stops in Mewati, ten aspirated and ten unaspirated. The unaspirated stops include /p, t, T, c, k/ and /b, d, D, j, g/. The aspirated stops comprise /pH, th, Th, ch, kh/ and /bh, dh, Dh, jh, gh/. The comparison shows that there is not even a slight preference for the unaspirated counterparts in the make up of the phonological units in the paradigm. However, we encounter a vast skewing in favor of the unaspirated stops and against the aspirated stops in their frequency of usage in the word. When we compare the frequency of un aspirated and aspirated stops, as they appear in the monosyllabic words we find that there is a vast preference for the unaspirated stops. | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| <references /> | |||
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| ]] | ]] | ||
| == Headline text == | |||
| <ref>Click for more.....</ref> | |||
Revision as of 01:46, 4 May 2010
| Mewati ميواتي | |
|---|---|
| Native to | India (Mewat region of Haryana and Rajasthan) |
| Native speakers | 5.0 million (2002) |
| Language family | Indo-European
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-2 | raj |
| ISO 639-3 | wtm |
Mewati is an Indo-Aryan language, classified as an unclassified language in the Central Indo-Aryan languages, and is spoken by about five million speakers in Alwar, Bharatpur and Dholpur districts of Rajasthan, and Faridabad and Gurgaon districts of Haryana states of India, as well as parts of southern Pakistan (Sindh).
Extensive linguistic research work has not been carried out on this language so far, although it contributed profoundly to Rajasthani literature in medieval periods.
There are 9 vowels, 31 consonants, and 2 diphthongs. Suprasegmentals are not so prominent as they are in the other dialects of Rajasthani. There are two numbers—singular and plural, two genders—masculine and feminine; and three cases—direct, oblique, and vocative. The nouns decline according to their final segments. Case marking is postpositional. Pronouns are traditional in nature and are inflected for number and case. Gender is not distinguished in pronouns. Two types of adjectives are there. There are three tenses—past, present, and future. Participles function as adjectives.
Mewati is one of the four main dialects of Rajasthan. The language of Meos is Mewati, a sub-dialect of northeastern Rajasthani. The language of the north and west of the district in which the Ahirs predominate is Ahirwati, another sub-dialect of the northeastern Rajasthani, while the language in the east of the district in which the Jats predominate, is the Braj Bhasha dialect of western Hindi. It is used mainly in Mewat region which is an ill-defined tract lying south of Delhi including the whole of Alwar and part of Bharatpur and a small part of Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh. It also includes a part of the Gurgaon district of the state of Haryana. Most of the area is flat, rocky and sandy, and is intersected by the lower range of the Aravbvalli hills. Mewati is spoken by over one hundred thousand Meos (Mewati speakers) (1991 Census Report of India) in this region.
Voiced vs voiceless
Of the Mewati consonants the stops and the fricatives are characterized by a distinction of voicing and voicelessness. Whereas voiceless consonants are produced by only the supra-glottal articulators, their voiced counterparts are produced by an additional articulator: the glottis. The simultaneous use of glottal articulator makes the voiced consonant less favored than their voiceless counterpart in terms of the number of articulators. We therefore expect a skewing commensurate with this criterion in the makeup and distribution of the voiceless and voiced consonants in Mewati.
As discussed earlier, the distinction of voiced and voiceless is restricted to the stops (Phonological units at aperture "0") and the fricatives (phonological units at aperture 1).
Of the twenty stops in Mewati ten stops are voiceless and ten are voiced. Between the two glottal fricatives at aperture "one", one is voiceless and the other is voiced. Mewati has a voiceless and a voiced /h/ in its phonological system.
Notwithstanding the above explanation it must be admitted that there is no preference for the voiceless consonants over their voiced counterparts in the makeup of Mewati phonological system. However, we expect that the tilt in favor of the voiceless consonants against the voiced consonants will show up in their frequencies of usage in the word. When we compare the voiceless and the voiced consonant in their frequency of usage in the Mewati monosyllabic words, we find that 61.70% are voiceless and 38.30% are voiced. The Table II given below compares the Mewati voiceless and the voiced consonants (both stops and fricatives) in their frequencies of usage in the Mewati monosyllabic words.
Aspirated vs unaspirated
In Mewati only the stops, nasals and laterals are characterized by a distinction of aspiration and unaspiratedness. Whereas the supraglottal articulators alone produce unaspirated stops, nasals and laterals, an additional articulator produces their aspirated counterparts: the lungs. The aspiration is produced by the puff of breath coming from the lungs through a particular maneuvering of the glottal articulator. The vocal folds, in a triangular configuration, force the air to rush through the small opening that brings about aspiration. This additional use of puff of air makes the aspirated stop less favored than their un aspirated counterpart in terms of the number of articulators. We therefore expect a skewing commensurate with this criterion in the make-up and distribution of the unaspirated and aspirated stops.
As discussed earlier, there are twenty stops in Mewati, ten aspirated and ten unaspirated. The unaspirated stops include /p, t, T, c, k/ and /b, d, D, j, g/. The aspirated stops comprise /pH, th, Th, ch, kh/ and /bh, dh, Dh, jh, gh/. The comparison shows that there is not even a slight preference for the unaspirated counterparts in the make up of the phonological units in the paradigm. However, we encounter a vast skewing in favor of the unaspirated stops and against the aspirated stops in their frequency of usage in the word. When we compare the frequency of un aspirated and aspirated stops, as they appear in the monosyllabic words we find that there is a vast preference for the unaspirated stops.
See also
References
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