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| '''Communist terrorism''' or '''communist terrorist''' can refer to: | |||
| {{Terrorism}} | |||
| {{Otheruses}} | |||
| {{merge to|Left-wing terrorism |discuss=Talk:Left-wing terrorism#Merge discussion |date=November 2010}} | |||
| {{multiple issues|synthesis =January 2010|POV =January 2010}} | |||
| {{Cite check|section|date=November 2010}} | |||
| * ], terrorism by Marxist and other left-wing groups | |||
| The term '''Communist terrorism''' has been used to describe forms of organized violence used by some Marxist, socialist, communist or similar ] groups during revolutionary struggle, or during the consolidation or maintenance of power after revolutionary victory (see ]).<ref name=martin>{{cite book |title=Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues |last=Martin |first=Gus |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2009 |publisher=SAGE |location= |isbn=9781412970594 |page=44 |pages= |url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=uJ6MeYq_FbkC |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="Europe's red terrorists ">{{cite book|last1=Alexander|first1=Yonah |last2=Pluchinsky|first2=Dennis A. |title=Europe's red terrorists: the fighting communist organizations |edition=1st|date=1October 1992|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0714634883|page=183}}</ref> The term derives from some early Marxists and socialists, who idealized the ] during the ] as an example of ]. | |||
| * ], as practiced by Marxist organizations | |||
| * ], a campaign of mass arrests and executions during the Russian civil war. | |||
| ;In propaganda | |||
| * ], a combatant in the Malayan Emergency, referred to by the British as ''Communist Terrorism'' | |||
| * ] forces involved in the second ] | |||
| * ] activity in South Vietnam | |||
| * Generally, any Marxism inspired ]s | |||
| {{Disambig}} | |||
| Left wing revolutionary groups which engage in violence generally predicate it on one of two grounds: | |||
| *The concept - adapted from ] - that all remnants of the previous ] must be 'swept away' to solidify the new mode of production. This may continue on after the establishment of a left wing state (see ] for an example). | |||
| *The belief among some later Marxists that lower classes lack an appropriate ] (see ]) and need to be shocked into awareness of their state. This kind of "liberating violence" is designed to spur the revolution on, often on the assumption that the lower classes will rise up once the weakness of the upper classes is exposed.<ref>Martin, pages 223-4</ref> | |||
| Communist terrorism was predominantly a feature of the middle of the 20th century, extending from the Russian revolution out through numerous ] revolutions, militia organizations, and small-scale political movements in developed nations. Revolutionary Marxism faded In the latter half of the 20th century, and terrorist tactics were instead adopted by a broad range of other groups, particularly right-wing nationalist militias, totalitarian governments of any political stripe, and religiously-motivated groups like the ] and ]. | |||
| ==Origin of Revolutionary terror== | |||
| German Social Democrat ] trace the origins of ] to the "]" of the ].<ref name="Kautsky">{{Cite book |url=http://marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1919/terrcomm/index.htm |title=Terrorism and Communism |author=] |year=1919 |chapter=Revolution and Terror |chapterurl=http://marxists.org/archive/kautsky/1919/terrcomm/ch01.htm |quote=Kautsky said: "It is, in fact, a widely spread idea that ]ism belongs to the very essence of ], and that whoever wants a revolution must somehow come to some sort of terms with terrorism. As proof of this assertion, over and over again the great ] has been cited." (Translated by W.H. Kerridge)}}</ref><ref>] by ]</ref> | |||
| == Western perspectives on terrorism committed by groups claiming adherence to Communist ideology == | |||
| Terrorism in the form of 'communist fighting organizations' which operated in western Europe was seen as a threat by NATO and also by the Italian, German and British governments.<ref name="Ciro Paoletti">{{cite book|last=Paoletti|first=Ciro |title=A military history of Italy |date=30 December 2007|publisher=Praeger Publishers|isbn=978-0275985059}}</ref> In recent years, there has been a marked decrease in such terrorism, which has been substantially credited to the end of the Cold War and the fall of the U.S.S.R.<ref>Wills, David C., , p. 219, Rowman & Littlefield, 2003</ref> However, at its apogee, communism was argued by some to be the major source of international terrorism (whether inspired by the ideology or supported by its states).<ref name="books.google.com">Crozier, Brian, , p. 203, Transaction Publishers, 2005</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| *] | |||
| == Further reading == | |||
| * Deletant, Dennis (1999) ''Communist Terror in Romania'', C. Hurst & Co, ISBN 1850653860 | |||
| * Adelman, Jonathan (1984) ''Terror and Communist Politics: The Role of the Secret Police in Communist States'', Westview Press, ISBN 0865312931 | |||
| * Evgeni Genchev (2003) ''Tales from the Dark: Testimonies about the Communist Terror'', ACET 2003, ISBN 9549320014 | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist|colwidth=35em}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Communist Terrorism}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 15:40, 24 November 2010
Communist terrorism or communist terrorist can refer to:
- Left-wing terrorism, terrorism by Marxist and other left-wing groups
- Revolutionary terror, as practiced by Marxist organizations
- Red Terror, a campaign of mass arrests and executions during the Russian civil war.
- In propaganda
- Malayan Races Liberation Army, a combatant in the Malayan Emergency, referred to by the British as Communist Terrorism
- Malayan Communist Party forces involved in the second Communist Insurgency War
- Viet Cong activity in South Vietnam
- Generally, any Marxism inspired national liberation movements
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Communist terrorism.If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Category: