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'''Communist terrorism''' is the term which has been used to describe acts of violence committed by groups who subscribe to a ] or ] ideology. These groups hope that through these actions they will inspire the ] to rise up and overthrow the existing political and economic system.<ref name="C. J. M. Drake 1">C. J. M. Drake page 19</ref> In recent years, there has been a marked decrease in such terrorism, which has been substantially credited to the end of the Cold War and the fall of the U.S.S.R.<ref name="David C. Wills">David C. Wills page 219</ref> However, at its apogee, communism was argued by some to be the major source of international terrorism (whether inspired by the ideology or supported by its states).<ref name="Brian Crozier">Brian Crozier page 203</ref> '''Communist terrorism''' is the term which has been used to describe acts of violence committed by groups who subscribe to a ] or ] ideology. These groups hope that through these actions they will inspire the ] to rise up and overthrow the existing political and economic system.<ref name="C. J. M. Drake 1">C. J. M. Drake page 19</ref> In recent years, there has been a marked decrease in such terrorism, which has been substantially credited to the end of the Cold War and the fall of the U.S.S.R.<ref name="David C. Wills">David C. Wills page 219</ref> However, at its apogee, communism was argued by some to be the major source of international terrorism (whether inspired by the ideology or supported by its states).<ref name="Brian Crozier">Brian Crozier page 203</ref>

==Communist Terrorism in the Vietnam War==
In the 1950`s communist terrorism was rife in ] with political leaders, provincial chiefs, teachers, nurses, doctors and members of the military being targeted. Between 1965 and 1972 terrorists had killed over thirty three thousand people and abducted a further fifty seven thousand.
<ref name="Carol Winkler">Carol Winkler page 17</ref><ref name="Forest, James J. F.">Forest p82</ref> In ] terrorist actions have been described as "long and murderous" The firing of automatic weapons, planting bombs and throwing grenades were the tactics used. The prime minister of the time ] was shot in an attempted assassination. <ref name="Nghia M. Vo 1">Nghia M. Vo pages 28/29</ref>
]The ] has been described as one of the worst communist terrorist actions during the ]. <ref name="Michael Lee Lanning 1">Michael Lee Lanning page 185</ref> with some estimates saying up to 5000 dead. <ref name="T. Louise Brown">T. Louise Brown page 163</ref> The United States Army recorded as killed, "3800 killed in and around Huế, 2786 confirmed civilians massacred, 2226 civilians found in mass graves and 16 non Vietnamese civilians killed. <ref name="Charles A. Krohn">Charles A. Krohn page 126</ref> Some apologists have claimed the majority of deaths were caused by US bombing in the fight to retake the city, however the vast majority of dead were found in ] outside the city.<ref name="T. Louise Brown">T. Louise Brown page 163</ref>

Historian Douglas Pike has also described as a terrorist act the ]. On December 6 1967 the ] used ] on civilians in the village of Dak Son killing 252 with the majority of those burnt alive being women and children.<ref name="Michael Lee Lanning 2">Michael Lee Lanning page 185-186</ref> In May, 1967 Dr. Tran Van-Luy informed the ] "that over the previous 10 years Communist terrorists had destroyed 174 dispensaries, maternity homes and hospitals"<ref name="Bernadette Rigal-Cellard">Rigal-Cellard page 229</ref>


==See also== ==See also==

Revision as of 02:33, 19 March 2011

Part of a series on
Terrorism and political violence
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Religious
Special-interest / Single-issue
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Organizational structures
  • Methods
  • Tactics
Terrorist groups
Relationship to states
State terrorism
State-sponsored terrorism
Response to terrorism
See also: Left-wing terrorism, Anarchist terrorism, and Eco-terrorism
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Communist terrorism is the term which has been used to describe acts of violence committed by groups who subscribe to a Marxist/Leninist or Maoist ideology. These groups hope that through these actions they will inspire the the masses to rise up and overthrow the existing political and economic system. In recent years, there has been a marked decrease in such terrorism, which has been substantially credited to the end of the Cold War and the fall of the U.S.S.R. However, at its apogee, communism was argued by some to be the major source of international terrorism (whether inspired by the ideology or supported by its states).

See also

References

  1. C. J. M. Drake page 19
  2. David C. Wills page 219
  3. Brian Crozier page 203

Bibliography

  • C. J. M. Drake. Terrorists' target selection. Palgrave Macmillan. 5 February 2003. ISBN 978-0312211974
  • David C. Wills. The First War on Terrorism: Counter-terrorism Policy During the Reagan Administration. Rowman & Littlefield 28 August 2003. ISBN 978-0742531291
  • Brian Crozier. Political victory: the elusive prize of military wars. Transaction Publishers 31 May 2005. ISBN 978-0765802903
  • Conway John S.The Nazi Persecution of the Churches, 1933-1945 Regent College Publishing. 1 April 2001. ISBN 978-1573830805
  • Gadberry, Glen W. Theatre in the Third Reich, the prewar years: essays on theatre in Nazi Germany Greenwood. 30 March 1995. ISBN 978-0313295164
  • Weinberg, Leonard. Political parties and terrorist groups. 2nd Revised Edition. 6 November 2008. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415775366
  • Enders Walter. Sandler Todd. The political economy of terrorism November 14 2005. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521851008
  • Alexander Yonah. Europe's red terrorists: the fighting communist organizations. October 1, 1992. Routledge. ISBN 978-0714634883
  • Paoletti, Ciro (30 December 2007). A military history of Italy. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0275985059.
  • Harmon, Christopher C. Terrorism Today Routledge 2nd edition. 18 Octtober 2007. ISBN 978-0415773003
  • Carol Winkler. In the name of terrorism: presidents on political violence in the post-World. State University of New York Press Illustrated edition. 3 November 2005. ISBN 978-0791466179
  • Nghia M. Vo. The bamboo gulag: political imprisonment in communist Vietnam. McFarland & Company 31 December 2003. ISBN 978-0786417148
  • Michael Lee Lanning, Dan Cragg. Inside the VC and the NVA: the real story of North Vietnam's armed forces. 1st edition. Texas A & M University Press 15 August 2008. ISBN 978-1603440592
  • T. Louise Brown, War and aftermath in Vietnam. Routledge. 2 May 1991. ISBN 978-0415014038
  • Bernadette Rigal-Cellard. La guerre du Vietnam et la société américaine. Presses universitaires de Bordeaux. 1991. ISBN 978-2867811227
  • Forest, James J. F. Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in the 21st Century Praeger 6/30/2007 ISBN 978-0-275-99034-3

Further reading

  • Deletant, Dennis (1999) Communist Terror in Romania, C. Hurst & Co, ISBN 1850653860
  • Adelman, Jonathan (1984) Terror and Communist Politics: The Role of the Secret Police in Communist States, Westview Press, ISBN 0865312931
  • Evgeni Genchev (2003) Tales from the Dark: Testimonies about the Communist Terror, ACET 2003, ISBN 9549320014
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