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{{too few opinions|date=January 2013}} |
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During the ] rape was an extensive issue.<ref name=Žarkov>{{cite book|last=Žarkov|first=Dubravka|title=The Body of War: Media, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Break-Up of Yugoslavia|year=2007|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0822339663|page=172}}</ref> It is estimated that during the partition, up to 100,000 women were kidnapped and raped.<ref name=Butalia>{{cite book|last=Butalia|first=Urvashi|title=Writings on Human Rights, Law and Society in India: A Combat Law Anthology|publisher=Human Rights Law Network|isbn=81-89479-78-4|editor=Harsh Dobhal|page=598}}</ref> The rape of Muslim women by Hindu males during this period is well documented, with women also being complicit in these attacks.<ref name=Chowdhry>{{cite book|last=Chowdhry|first=Geeta|title=Women, States, and Nationalism: At Home in the Nation?|year=2000|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0415221726|edition=1st|editor=Sita Ranchod-Nilsson, Mary Ann Tétreaul|page=107}}</ref> |
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During the ] rape was an extensive issue.<ref name=Žarkov>{{cite book|last=Žarkov|first=Dubravka|title=The Body of War: Media, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Break-Up of Yugoslavia|year=2007|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0822339663|page=172}}</ref> By some estimates around 75,000 - 100,000 women were kidnapped and raped by men from different religious backgrounds.<ref>{{cite book|last=Butalia|first=Urvashi|title=The other side of silence : voices from the partition of India|year=2000|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham, N.C.|isbn=0822324946|pages=3|edition=5. printing.}}</ref><ref name=Butalia>{{cite book|last=Butalia|first=Urvashi|title=Writings on Human Rights, Law and Society in India: A Combat Law Anthology|publisher=Human Rights Law Network|isbn=81-89479-78-4|editor=Harsh Dobhal|page=598}}</ref> The women belonging to Hindu and Muslim community were raped and tortured by the men of the other "in an overt assertion of their identity and a simultaneous humiliation of the other by 'dishonouring' their women."<ref>{{cite book|last=Bhasin|first=Ritu Menon & Kamla|title=Borders & boundaries : women in India's partition|year=1998|publisher=Rutgers Univ. Press|location=New Brunswick, NJ|isbn=0813525527|edition=1. publ.|page=41}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Further reading== |
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==Further reading== |
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* ''Perspectives on modern South Asia: a reader in culture, history, and representation.'' Malden: Wiley-Blackwell. 2011. ISBN 9781405100625. |
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* Butalia, Urvashi (1998). ''''. Penguin Books India. ISBN 0140271716. |
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* Menon, Ritu; Bhasin, Kamla (1998). ''''. Rutgers University Press, New Jersey. ISBN 0813525527. |
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