Revision as of 18:08, 3 February 2013 editJingiby (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, New page reviewers62,075 edits →Population numbers in infobox: The demographic collapse in Bulgaria is catastrophic.← Previous edit | Revision as of 05:30, 24 April 2013 edit undoJingiby (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, New page reviewers62,075 edits Bulgarian DNANext edit → | ||
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No reliable data about 10 million Bulgarians were published anywhere. The demographic collapse in Bulgaria is catastrophic. ] (]) 18:08, 3 February 2013 (UTC) | No reliable data about 10 million Bulgarians were published anywhere. The demographic collapse in Bulgaria is catastrophic. ] (]) 18:08, 3 February 2013 (UTC) | ||
==Bulgarian DNA== | |||
I have removed some racialis and anti-Turkish comments and POV added by user:Stormfighter14 as "''Bulgarians are purely White European and not Turkic''." Misplaced Pages is not place for propagandize racialis and pseudo-scientific theories such as he claims: ''Bulgarians and their Arian brothers'' etc. No reliable source was provided for statement as: ''closest people to the Bulgarians are the Croats and the Poles''. Tabloids and common newspapers are not reliable sources for genetic studies. Check ]. Thank you. | |||
'''Bulgarians are largely related to Mediterranean, i.e. Southern European poulations''': | |||
* Distributions of HLA class I alleles and haplotypes in Bulgarians – contribution to understanding the origin of the population. M. Ivanova, P. Spassova, A. Michailova, E. NaumovaArticle first published online: 23 DEC 2001: ''HLA class I profile of Bulgarians has been compared to other European and Mediterranean populations of common historical background in order to clarify more precisely the origin of our population. Genetic distances, phylogenetic trees and correspondence analyses show that the Bulgarian population is more ''closely related to the Italian, the Mediterranean, the Armenian and the Romanian population'' than to the other East and West European population.'' | |||
* Sena Karachanak, Valeria Carossa, Desislava Nesheva, Anna Olivieri, Maria Pala, Baharak Hooshiar Kashani, Viola Grugni, Vincenza Battaglia, Alessandro Achilli, Yordan Yordanov, Angel S. Galabov, Ornella Semino, Draga Toncheva, and Antonio Torroni. "Bulgarians vs the other European populations: a mitochondrial DNA perspective." International Journal of Legal Medicine (released electronically in advance of print publication, June 15, 2011).: ''The observed pattern of mtDNA variation indicates that the Bulgarian mitochondrial pool is geographically homogeneous across the country, and that is characterized by an overall extremely high frequency of western Eurasian lineages. In the principal component analysis, Bulgarians locate in an intermediate position between Eastern European and Mediterranean populations, which is in agreement with historical events. Thus, while the Mediterranean legacy could be attributed to the Thracians, indigenous people that firstly inhabited the Balkans.'' | |||
* M. Ivanova, E. Rozemuller, N. Tyufekchiev, A. Michailova, M. Tilanus, and E. Naumova. "HLA polymorphism in Bulgarians defined by high-resolution typing methods in comparison with other populations." Tissue Antigens 60:6 (December 2002): pages 496-504. Abstract excerpts: Abstract excerpts: "''This is further supported by the analysis of HLA class I haplotypes in Bulgarians. Most of them are also common in Europe. However their frequency pattern in Bulgarians is similar to the South European populations. The presence of some rare alleles and haplotypes indicated Asian genetic inflow. On the basis of HLA class I profile and supported by historical and anthropological data, we suggest that the Bulgarian population is characterized by the features of the Southern European anthropological type."'' | |||
* Fulvio Cruciani, Roberta La Fratta, Beniamino Trombetta, Piero Santolamazza, Daniele Sellitto, Eliane Beraud Colomb, Jean-Michel Dugoujon, Federica Crivellaro, Tamara Benincasa, Roberto Pascone, Pedro Moral, Elizabeth Watson, Bela Melegh, Guido Barbujani, Silvia Fuselli, Giuseppe Vona, Boris Zagradisnik, Guenter Assum, Radim Brdicka, Andrey I. Kozlov, Georgi D. Efremov, Alfredo Coppa, Andrea Novelletto, and Rosaria Scozzari. "Tracing Past Human Male Movements in Northern/Eastern Africa and Western Eurasia: ''New Clues from Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups E-M78 and J-M12." Molecular Biology and Evolution 24(6) (June 2007): pages 1300-1311. First published online on March 10, 2007. This large study of populations from Europe, Asia, and Africa confirmed that all signs point to the Y-DNA haplogroup E-M78 (E1b1b1a1) having come from northeastern Africa originally. Naturally, due to geographical proximity to Africa, E haplogroups are more common in southern Europe than northern Europe. 204 Bulgarian males had their Y-DNA data incorporated into "Table 1: Frequencies (%) of the Y-chromosome E-M78 sub-haplogroups in the 81 populations analyzed" which says that 16.67% of them (that is, 34 out of the 204) placed into E-M78, 0.49% (just one person) into E-V12*, and 16.18% (33 individuals) into E-V13.'' ] (]) 07:49, 23 April 2013 (UTC) | |||
'''From all Slavic populations Bulgarians are closer to the Macedonian Slavs, Serbians and Bosniaks then to the rest, including Croats, Slovenians and Slovaks''' | |||
* "Y-STR variation among Slavs: evidence for the Slavic homeland in the middle Dnieper basin", Krzysztof Rębała, Alexei I. Mikulich, Iosif S. Tsybovsky, Daniela Siváková, Zuzana Džupinková, Aneta Szczerkowska-Dobosz, Zofia Szczerkowska, Journal of Human Genetics, May 2007, Volume 52, Issue 5, pp 406-414: “''Two genetically distant groups of Slavic populations were revealed: one encompassing all Western-Slavic, Eastern-Slavic, and two Southern-Slavic populations (Slovenians and Croats), and one encompassing all remaining Southern Slavs.''” According to the authors most Slavic populations have similar Y chromosome pools, and this similarity can be traced to an origin in middle Dnieper basin of the Ukraine. However, some southern Slavic populations such as Serbians, Slav Macedonians, Bulgarians, and Bosniaks are separated from the tight cluster of the rest of the Slavic populations. According to the authors this phenomenon is explained by “the contribution of the Y chromosomes of peoples who settled in the region before the Slavic expansion to the genetic heritage of Southern Slavs.”] (]) 08:50, 23 April 2013 (UTC) | |||
* "Paternal and maternal lineages in the Balkans show a homogeneous landscape over linguistic barriers, except for the isolated Aromuns" E. Bosch, F. Calafell1, A. Gonzalez-Neira1,, C. Flaiz, E. Mateu1, H.-G. Scheil3, W. Huckenbeck, L. Efremovska5, I. Mikerezi, N. Xirotiris, C. Grasa, H. Schmidt and D. Comas, Annals of Human Genetics (2006) 70",459–487: ''When the correspondence analysis based on Y-chromosome haplogroup frequencies was performed with the whole set of populations for comparison, all the Balkan populations analysed in the present study, plus the additional Macedonians, Albanians, Italians, Greeks and the two Turkish samples clustered more or less together, separated from Croatians, Polish, Ukrainians and Czech-Slovakians and the Hungarian sample, that formed a more differentiated group.'' | |||
'''Genetic map of Europe - genes vary as a function of distance''' | |||
* Genes mirror geography within Europe John Novembre, Toby Johnson, Katarzyna Bryc, Zoltán Kutalik, Adam R. Boyko, Adam Auton, Amit Indap, Karen S. King, Sven Bergmann, Matthew R. Nelson, Matthew Stephens, and Carlos D. Bustamante; Nature. 2008 November 6; 456(7218): 98–101: ''"Despite low average levels of genetic differentiation among Europeans, we find a close correspondence between genetic and geographic distances; indeed, a geographical map of Europe arises naturally as an efficient two-dimensional summary of genetic variation in Europeans...In addition, the results are relevant to the prospects of genetic ancestry testing; an individual’s DNA can be used to infer their geographic origin with surprising accuracy–often to within a few hundred kilometres"'' The limits to the resolution of these sorts of methods are likely to be very fine indeed; the authors note that, even with this panel, they’re able to distinguish with some confidence individuals that are from the German, Italian, and French-speaking parts of Switzerland. With full resequencing data, it’s likely that even the precise village of origin of an individual will be predictable from genetics alone. After such conclusions is very hard to belive that as you claim Croats, Slovaks, Poles, Hungarians etc., are closer genetically to Bulgarians, then their closest neighbours: Macedonian Slavs, Serbs and Bosniaks from the South Slavs or Greeks, Albanians and Ronmanians from their non-Slavic neighbours, because of their geographical, i.e. genetical proximity. ] (]) 05:30, 24 April 2013 (UTC) |
Revision as of 05:30, 24 April 2013
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Dilma Rousseff into separate section
I think here picture should be in a separate : "descendants of bulgarians" section or at least Bulgarian-Brazilian should be changed to Brazilian-Bulgarian. Does she identify herself as bulgarian ?! Does she know the bulgarian language ?! She probably has learned about the bulgarian habits, culture and way of conduct from her father, however she probably would not identify herself as a Bulgarian, or just erase all these statements if she has stated so , somewhere publically and I have just not happened to know that ... — Preceding unsigned comment added by YordanGeorgiev (talk • contribs) 07:26, 10 September 2011 (UTC)
- There are no such sections in the articles about the ethnic groups. It should be expressed that the person is Bulgarian-Brazillian under the image - I had a look it is already expressed. The Brazillian-Bulgarian model which you purpose at first look seems more correct for Dilma Rousseff, but actually it means an ethnic Brazillian living in Bulgaria, not an ethnic/ or partially ethnic Bulgarian living in Brazill - see e.g. Bulgarian American. Dinner for three (talk) 12:38, 11 September 2011 (UTC)
New image proposal
The current image contains a few figures the significance of whom I would put in doubt. Ludmilla Dyakovska is not really famous, and Matey Kaziyski is only known as a member of the national volleyball team, not as an individual sportsperson. Saint John of Rila has some significance, but he is in no way a key figure in Bulgarian history. I made another image, which includes:
- Krum;
- Saint Clement of Ohrid;
- Ivan Shishman;
- Sophronius of Vratsa;
- Vasil Levski;
- Boris III;
- Todor Zhivkov;
- Georgi Ivanov;
- Dimitar Berbatov;
- Tsvetana Pironkova.
I think these figures are much more important for their respective ages, and the last three are by far some of the most significant Bulgarian personalities of the last 50 years. I will replace the current image if there aren't any objections. - ☣Tourbillon 14:34, 27 October 2011 (UTC)
- Hmm, nice proposal, but I do have at least one objection in mind. Todor Zhivkov? His notability is quite notorious and his personality is more one of a dictator. It would be a bit like the article on Russians having an image of Stalin or ... well, I would not go as far as one might go on this subject. I would instead go with a writer, or even better with Hristo Botev. He is as prominent as they get, so to speak. An infobox without him would simply not suffice it for me. Otherwise I find the suggestion really good and it would be great if you proceeded with it. --Laveol 18:58, 27 October 2011 (UTC)
- Now that I come to think about it, I might also argue the John of Rila and Matey Kaziyski reasoning as well. The first is an internationally feasted Saint (by far the most prominent purely Bulgarian Saint) and the latter is certainly one of the best 10, if not 5 or 3, players in his sport. Pironkova is more famous but, well, I don't know. Input from other editors would be more than welcome at this point. --Laveol 19:02, 27 October 2011 (UTC)
- One could argue in length about Zhivkov's leadership (considering that Boris III was also a dictator), but I don't think there is any doubt that his footprint in Bulgarian history is the most significant since Independence given his 35-year long rule. I've picked the others as key figures in different eras (Clement as the first cleric to use Bulgarian as an official religious language; Ivan Shishman as the last medieval Bulgarian monarch; Sophronius as a key early figure in the revival, etc.). I don't insist on Pironkova, but I think she is more appropriate as an individual athlete, while Kaziyski has little value as an individual sportsperson outside the national team and we could also include Vladimir Nikolov on the same grounds. It would indeed be good if more users provide an opinion on the issue. - ☣Tourbillon 19:24, 27 October 2011 (UTC)
- Length of leadership is of little value when discussing what makes him notable for Bulgarians. I do consider that whoever should be present in this image, should have had a positive influence on Bulgaria. And Zhivkov was responsible for a lot of grave deeds. Leaving Botev out, however, is simply out of the question. As for Pironkova-Kaziyski, I cannot pick (and I am not sure we have to pick just one) as Kazyiski is not only a part of the national team. Just go ahead and take a peek at the list of individual awards and club titles he has won in the years. At the mean time, Pironkova is a top 50 WTA tennis player with a Wimbledon semi- and quarter final. One could say that Kaziyski is more successful, while Pironkova is more famous (due to tennis being more popular than volleyball globally). One could also think if Alexander Batenberg would be a better choice than Boris III. I don't know. --Laveol 09:34, 28 October 2011 (UTC)
Dimitar Berbatov and Tsvetana Pironkova should be removed from the image. Jingiby (talk) 09:42, 28 October 2011 (UTC)
Here's what I think:
- Krum is fine.
- In my opinion John of Rila is a better choice than Clement of Ohrid, being our national saint.
- Ivan Shishman was a pretty unsuccessful ruler of whom we have no good image to include, so I fail to see the logic here.
- Sophronius of Vratsa is OK, but the image we have of him is kind of funny.
- Vasil Levski is fine without a doubt.
- I believe Stambolov is a better choice than Boris III and he's certainly a less divisive figure.
- Zhivkov is definitely important, but a divisive figure as well.
- Georgi Ivanov (I hope the astronaut? :D) is fine.
- Berbatov is fine as well.
- I don't think Pironkova merits a place in there instead of Kaziyski, she's certainly less successful.
Overall, I feel this list is missing artists and writers, and I don't think Pironkova should be the (only) woman to represent Bulgaria in the pic. — Toдor Boжinov — 11:44, 28 October 2011 (UTC)
- In terms of artists or writers, I would propose Tzvetan Todorov as he is quite famous and well-cited among philosophical circles. I cannot think of any world-famous Bulgarian women of whom we have decent images though. Maybe Ghena Dimitrova ? - ☣Tourbillon 11:48, 28 October 2011 (UTC)
In my opinion 2 lines of persons are too few, the set of images looks quite smaller than these of many related groups, e.g. Greeks, Russians with 5 and 6 lines of persons, and to some degree like there are not enough notable persons in the nation, not to say a big word - shameful, but there are more notable persons, each from their own occupation and therefore I want to escalate to 3 or 4 lines. I also think that significant and famous people are missing, while some of the current can not stand on their little finger, uppermost Topalov, Stoichkov, Simeon or Boris I, and Vazov, which all remain in the history of Bulgaria and whose significance for the nation I think is undeniable. So I have proposals.
Persons that I think uppermost need to be added:
- Topalov as among the few representatives of a nation, that became World Chess chmapion and the 4th grandmaster of all-time only behind the legends Garry Kasparov, Anatoly Karpov and Bobby Fischer, he should be included
- Stoichkov as the greatest Bulgarian footballer of all time and one of the greatest football legends in the world, the most famous Bulgarian worldwide I suggest, the most prominent part of the so called 1994 All Star Team which remained Bulgaria's best memory in sports, and so on, I think has the place before any other Bulgarian sportists
- Simeon I think is too significant figure for the Bulgarian history to be excluded, under Simeon Bulgaria had its largest territorial and cultural expansion and was the largest state in whole Eastern Europe, which I think places him ahead before any other Bulgarian ruler and last but not least, not many nations have rulers with the nickname "the Great" as the same of Alexander the Great and the greatest Russian emperor Peter the Great
- or Boris I who is also very significant figure for the Bulgarian history as the Baptizer of the nation, I also suggest that he may made more territorial expansions than Simeon although during Simeon's rule Bulgaria was largest
- Benkovski as the main perpetrator and the most important figure of the April Uprising, without which the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-8 would not consisted, he may be classified as the most important revolutionary after Levski, and I personally think that without Benkovski and the merits of Levski before, the Russo-Turkish War wouldn't consisted and the existence of a Bulgarian state today would be into question
- Vazov as being nationally acknowledged as the best Bulgarian author and the Patriarch of Bulgarian literature, I think deserves the place in the set before any other Bulgarian writer, Peyo Yavorov is not so honored and Tzvetan Todorov is not actually famous even in Bulgaria and he identify himself as French as well
- I think Stambolov as politician is better choice than Burmov, who was only first prime minister for several months and remained not really famous even in Bulgaria, Stambolov in addition to politician was notable revolutionary in key events too.
Persons from occupations from which there are not anyone in the set of images, they I think would improve the set as well:
- Neophyte as there are not any 'народни будители in Bulgarian' in the current set of images, Neophyte I think is an important one, it is said that he made the first translation of the Gospel in the modern Bulgarian language
- Zahari Zograf as there are not any painter, Zahari is notable one, for example with the painting of the worldwide famous frescoes in the exterior of the church of the Rila Monastery
- Petko Voyvoda as there are not any voivodes, haiduks and heads of cheti, during Ottoman rule there were many such, guilty for the Liberation of Bulgaria, and Petko I think is a good variant for a representative of them
- Elin Pelin is repeating as author as some in the set, but is from other occupation, and is considered Bulgaria’s best narrator of country life.
- Kiril Gospodinov as an actor, he is remembered well by the Bulgarian audience I think, and has participation in making about hundred Bulgarian movies
For two persons which are now in the set I think that were visible better in their previous images - Levski because the photo was closer and he was more visible in the face, the second one is Saint John of Rila because the resizing of this icon made his face just invisible as much as you try to see it, so other icon of him would stay better.
Well, that is what I think. Objections people? - Author: ГДБОБ — Preceding unsigned comment added by ГДБОБ (talk • contribs) 18:35, 22 February 2012 (UTC)
- There seem to be no Macedonian Bulgarians among the proposed people -- a serious drawback I reckon. Apcbg (talk) 20:50, 22 February 2012 (UTC)
There is but only one - Neophyte Rilski is Macedonian Bulgarian from Bansko. If i try to think for such people I only rember Berbatov and some revolutionaries. Propose anyone? — Preceding unsigned comment added by ГДБОБ (talk • contribs) 21:54, 22 February 2012 (UTC)
- If we have Levski, then we should have Delchev as well. Perhaps Simeon Radev too. Apcbg (talk) 12:56, 23 February 2012 (UTC)
If I have to choose who to be the revolutionary after Levski, I would choose Benkovski or Botev. Delchev is really notable revolutionary, but in my opinion should be added after Benkovski is added. For Simeon Radev, I do not see any picture of him in the site, does he really have? And what do you think about the current situation, it has not only Macedanian Bulgarians, but also many famous and significant Bulgarians and people from many occupations such as actors and singers are missing too. So for singers I also would propose Boris Christoff and Ghena Dimitrova. Views about them? — Preceding unsigned comment added by ГДБОБ (talk • contribs) 15:50, 24 February 2012 (UTC)
- I object to all except Vazov and Stoichkov. First thing that should come to mind is that this is the English, not the Bulgarian Misplaced Pages. The majority of English-language readers would not be interested in figures such as Petko Voyvoda or Kiril Gospodinov, who might be significant, but not in any case leading figures in their respective domains - neither globally nor in Bulgaria. Second thing - this is not a list of leaders and revolutionaries only. It's supposed to show truly the best of the best, the cream of the crop in every domain, with Burmov being a slight exception due to his role as the first PM of the modern Bulgarian state.
- Levski and Botev are iconic figures and should be displayed; all other revolutionaries, including Gotse Delchev and Benkovski, are far less-known to the non-Bulgarian reader and their positioning in the infobox would really look forced. The article on Stefan Stambolov is in a horrible state, and I would support linking to it only when there are sufficient source, style and neutrality corrections made to it. If Topalov is added, then Stoichkov should be out, or vice-versa - there should be at least one active sportsperson shown, otherwise this would look like an album of historically significant people and would assume that there are no such Bulgarians nowadays. I fail to see the significance of Boris I outside Bulgaria proper. He is regionally significant, but nothing more, although he could possibly replace John of Rila. Simeon could be included, possibly replacing Ivan Asen II. - Tourbillon, not logged in — Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.26.55.15 (talk) 14:10, 25 February 2012 (UTC)
Bulgarians in Bulgaria
Where exactly in the 2011 Census does it say that there is 6,100,000 ethnic Bulgarians? The Census clearly states that there is 5,664,624 people who claimed to be Bulgarian. Those who did not state there ethnicity should not be included here as the Census does not say that they are ethnic Bulgarians. Those who did not state their ethnicity could be from any ethnic group, though it probably includes Bulgarians too, it does not mean that they are all ethnically Bulgarian. Turco85 (Talk) 00:40, 12 December 2011 (UTC)
macedonia numbers
Local hero, please explain this uncommented edit: why and what is the reference. Staszek Lem (talk) 03:58, 26 April 2012 (UTC)
- I was re-adding the 2002 census figure of Bulgarians in Macedonia that was deleted by ГДБОБ. --Local hero 04:12, 26 April 2012 (UTC)
- Thanks. Actually, ГДБОБ changed some other parts. Sinc the edit you reverted is dubious, what about the rest of his intervention? Staszek Lem (talk) 00:23, 27 April 2012 (UTC)
- The figure for Italy seems to just be an update. The figures for Macedonia and Albania consist of people from those countries that have been given Bulgarian citizenship. While this makes no implication on where these people reside, we sort of compromised earlier by including both the Macedonian census figure and that of Bulgarian citizenship recipients from Macedonia. And the other stuff seems to be some restructuring of text in the infobox. --Local hero 02:35, 27 April 2012 (UTC)
collage with Bulgarian faces
I really like it, great job! However, can we add 3-4 photos of famous Bulgarian women? (so that females don't feel left out).
Population numbers in infobox
Among all the wild number entries in the infobox before this article was protected, there was actually one new and correct number, but since no source was given, it was inevitably reverted. The number of Bulgarians in Serbia is now counted to 18,543, and the source is http://media.popis2011.stat.rs/2012/Nacionalna%20pripadnost-Ethnicity.pdf. This will also move Serbia down one place in the list, after Cyprus. Anyone care to fix it? Regards! --79.160.40.10 (talk) 12:23, 23 December 2012 (UTC)
I have fixed the USA population towards the most reliable and modern source (from 2012) .... but i made A TERIBLE MISTAKE ... when inputing data, the whole text just collapsed ..... and i dont knoow how to change it back... i opologize to editors of this article and ask them if thy can change this mess somehow... text only needs to be changed backed to tabelle etc... (Правичност (talk) 06:50, 9 January 2013 (UTC))
ne moje prosto da se kaje 4e sme ujni slavqni,terminat pra-bulgi e absolutno politi4eski nqma pra bulgari nie sme prosto bulgari i ne sme zagubili korenite s iot oth. Za tqh ima mn teorii kato prez poslednite godini se e nalojila tazi za blizkiq do iranskiq proizhod no nqma da navlizam tam.Samite vuprosi za suzdavaneto na durjavata i edinniq etno o6te sa sporni sred istoricite.Ujni slavqni sa surbite , v dnk-to si te sa pove4e slavqni a nie ne, sledovatelno zaduljitelno trqbva da se spomene za drevnite bulgari gradili civilizacii predi hilqddi godini ,dedin takuv narod ne iz4ezva prosto taka.Navsqkude vuv vizantiiski letopisi sme nari4ani bulgari ime ostanlo ot ednoimenniq narod. Ta nali bulgrai sa se jenili za slavqni kak taka bulgarskiq gen izvednijh stava slavqnski.Ima mn teorii za zna4enieto na 1 ot dvata etnosa pri obrazuvaneto na bulgarskiq narod prez 20-te godini e bila populqrna teoriqta 4e bulgarite sa imali osnovnata rolq za suzdavaneto na naroda a po vremeto na komunizma 4i4ko stalin a i na6ite umni istorici-politici sa re6ili 4e trqbva d sme po blizo do "bratu6kite" i sledovatelno slavqnite imali po golqmata rolq za suzdavaneto a bulgarite razbiral li bili edno mrusno 4ergarsko pleme ot 10-20 hilqdi 4oveka istoriqta se e menqla spored politi4eskata konunktura no sega uj sme demokraciq svoboda na slovote i nova informaciq taka 4e molq da poglednete na vuprossa pod pove4e ot edin ugul ne da pi6e teorii pulni s mitove i legendi :) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.11.150.184 (talk) 01:15, 24 January 2013 (UTC)
This game with the numbers in the infobox is ridiculous, please Ceco, stop POV-pushing. Gain consensus for your edits. Thanks. Jingiby (talk) 18:50, 1 February 2013 (UTC)
No reliable data about 10 million Bulgarians were published anywhere. The demographic collapse in Bulgaria is catastrophic. Jingiby (talk) 18:08, 3 February 2013 (UTC)
Bulgarian DNA
I have removed some racialis and anti-Turkish comments and POV added by user:Stormfighter14 as "Bulgarians are purely White European and not Turkic." Misplaced Pages is not place for propagandize racialis and pseudo-scientific theories such as he claims: Bulgarians and their Arian brothers etc. No reliable source was provided for statement as: closest people to the Bulgarians are the Croats and the Poles. Tabloids and common newspapers are not reliable sources for genetic studies. Check MEDRS. Thank you.
Bulgarians are largely related to Mediterranean, i.e. Southern European poulations:
- Distributions of HLA class I alleles and haplotypes in Bulgarians – contribution to understanding the origin of the population. M. Ivanova, P. Spassova, A. Michailova, E. NaumovaArticle first published online: 23 DEC 2001: HLA class I profile of Bulgarians has been compared to other European and Mediterranean populations of common historical background in order to clarify more precisely the origin of our population. Genetic distances, phylogenetic trees and correspondence analyses show that the Bulgarian population is more closely related to the Italian, the Mediterranean, the Armenian and the Romanian population than to the other East and West European population.
- Sena Karachanak, Valeria Carossa, Desislava Nesheva, Anna Olivieri, Maria Pala, Baharak Hooshiar Kashani, Viola Grugni, Vincenza Battaglia, Alessandro Achilli, Yordan Yordanov, Angel S. Galabov, Ornella Semino, Draga Toncheva, and Antonio Torroni. "Bulgarians vs the other European populations: a mitochondrial DNA perspective." International Journal of Legal Medicine (released electronically in advance of print publication, June 15, 2011).: The observed pattern of mtDNA variation indicates that the Bulgarian mitochondrial pool is geographically homogeneous across the country, and that is characterized by an overall extremely high frequency of western Eurasian lineages. In the principal component analysis, Bulgarians locate in an intermediate position between Eastern European and Mediterranean populations, which is in agreement with historical events. Thus, while the Mediterranean legacy could be attributed to the Thracians, indigenous people that firstly inhabited the Balkans.
- M. Ivanova, E. Rozemuller, N. Tyufekchiev, A. Michailova, M. Tilanus, and E. Naumova. "HLA polymorphism in Bulgarians defined by high-resolution typing methods in comparison with other populations." Tissue Antigens 60:6 (December 2002): pages 496-504. Abstract excerpts: Abstract excerpts: "This is further supported by the analysis of HLA class I haplotypes in Bulgarians. Most of them are also common in Europe. However their frequency pattern in Bulgarians is similar to the South European populations. The presence of some rare alleles and haplotypes indicated Asian genetic inflow. On the basis of HLA class I profile and supported by historical and anthropological data, we suggest that the Bulgarian population is characterized by the features of the Southern European anthropological type."
- Fulvio Cruciani, Roberta La Fratta, Beniamino Trombetta, Piero Santolamazza, Daniele Sellitto, Eliane Beraud Colomb, Jean-Michel Dugoujon, Federica Crivellaro, Tamara Benincasa, Roberto Pascone, Pedro Moral, Elizabeth Watson, Bela Melegh, Guido Barbujani, Silvia Fuselli, Giuseppe Vona, Boris Zagradisnik, Guenter Assum, Radim Brdicka, Andrey I. Kozlov, Georgi D. Efremov, Alfredo Coppa, Andrea Novelletto, and Rosaria Scozzari. "Tracing Past Human Male Movements in Northern/Eastern Africa and Western Eurasia: New Clues from Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups E-M78 and J-M12." Molecular Biology and Evolution 24(6) (June 2007): pages 1300-1311. First published online on March 10, 2007. This large study of populations from Europe, Asia, and Africa confirmed that all signs point to the Y-DNA haplogroup E-M78 (E1b1b1a1) having come from northeastern Africa originally. Naturally, due to geographical proximity to Africa, E haplogroups are more common in southern Europe than northern Europe. 204 Bulgarian males had their Y-DNA data incorporated into "Table 1: Frequencies (%) of the Y-chromosome E-M78 sub-haplogroups in the 81 populations analyzed" which says that 16.67% of them (that is, 34 out of the 204) placed into E-M78, 0.49% (just one person) into E-V12*, and 16.18% (33 individuals) into E-V13. Jingiby (talk) 07:49, 23 April 2013 (UTC)
From all Slavic populations Bulgarians are closer to the Macedonian Slavs, Serbians and Bosniaks then to the rest, including Croats, Slovenians and Slovaks
- "Y-STR variation among Slavs: evidence for the Slavic homeland in the middle Dnieper basin", Krzysztof Rębała, Alexei I. Mikulich, Iosif S. Tsybovsky, Daniela Siváková, Zuzana Džupinková, Aneta Szczerkowska-Dobosz, Zofia Szczerkowska, Journal of Human Genetics, May 2007, Volume 52, Issue 5, pp 406-414: “Two genetically distant groups of Slavic populations were revealed: one encompassing all Western-Slavic, Eastern-Slavic, and two Southern-Slavic populations (Slovenians and Croats), and one encompassing all remaining Southern Slavs.” According to the authors most Slavic populations have similar Y chromosome pools, and this similarity can be traced to an origin in middle Dnieper basin of the Ukraine. However, some southern Slavic populations such as Serbians, Slav Macedonians, Bulgarians, and Bosniaks are separated from the tight cluster of the rest of the Slavic populations. According to the authors this phenomenon is explained by “the contribution of the Y chromosomes of peoples who settled in the region before the Slavic expansion to the genetic heritage of Southern Slavs.”Jingiby (talk) 08:50, 23 April 2013 (UTC)
- "Paternal and maternal lineages in the Balkans show a homogeneous landscape over linguistic barriers, except for the isolated Aromuns" E. Bosch, F. Calafell1, A. Gonzalez-Neira1,, C. Flaiz, E. Mateu1, H.-G. Scheil3, W. Huckenbeck, L. Efremovska5, I. Mikerezi, N. Xirotiris, C. Grasa, H. Schmidt and D. Comas, Annals of Human Genetics (2006) 70",459–487: When the correspondence analysis based on Y-chromosome haplogroup frequencies was performed with the whole set of populations for comparison, all the Balkan populations analysed in the present study, plus the additional Macedonians, Albanians, Italians, Greeks and the two Turkish samples clustered more or less together, separated from Croatians, Polish, Ukrainians and Czech-Slovakians and the Hungarian sample, that formed a more differentiated group.
Genetic map of Europe - genes vary as a function of distance
- Genes mirror geography within Europe John Novembre, Toby Johnson, Katarzyna Bryc, Zoltán Kutalik, Adam R. Boyko, Adam Auton, Amit Indap, Karen S. King, Sven Bergmann, Matthew R. Nelson, Matthew Stephens, and Carlos D. Bustamante; Nature. 2008 November 6; 456(7218): 98–101: "Despite low average levels of genetic differentiation among Europeans, we find a close correspondence between genetic and geographic distances; indeed, a geographical map of Europe arises naturally as an efficient two-dimensional summary of genetic variation in Europeans...In addition, the results are relevant to the prospects of genetic ancestry testing; an individual’s DNA can be used to infer their geographic origin with surprising accuracy–often to within a few hundred kilometres" The limits to the resolution of these sorts of methods are likely to be very fine indeed; the authors note that, even with this panel, they’re able to distinguish with some confidence individuals that are from the German, Italian, and French-speaking parts of Switzerland. With full resequencing data, it’s likely that even the precise village of origin of an individual will be predictable from genetics alone. After such conclusions is very hard to belive that as you claim Croats, Slovaks, Poles, Hungarians etc., are closer genetically to Bulgarians, then their closest neighbours: Macedonian Slavs, Serbs and Bosniaks from the South Slavs or Greeks, Albanians and Ronmanians from their non-Slavic neighbours, because of their geographical, i.e. genetical proximity. Jingiby (talk) 05:30, 24 April 2013 (UTC)