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| == Introduction == | |||
| Mysore rule called all armed “infidel” rebels from Malabar as “Nairs”. This was because “Nairs” as noble caste held true power in Malabari political and social scenario in a way similar to one held Kuli-Marathas in Maharashtra. In same way, Maratha was used as a synonym for all Maharashtrians; Nair was used to denote all heathen Malabaris. | |||
| Mysore armies of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan were engaged in military operations big and small from 1766 to 1793 to put down rebellious “Nairs” who thwarted all efforts of Mysore government to set up their administration in Malabar and collect revenue. | |||
| Hyder Ali invaded Malabar with twin objectives – one was to secure this pepper rich region to enrich his treasury and two was to have access to sea so that he can have direct link with French at Mahe. It was also hoped that Mysore control of Malabar would cripple English East India Company’s spice trade in Malabar. | |||
| But instead of being an asset, Mysorean conquest turned out to be a liability – “Nair” insurgency ensured that revenue collected was far below the sums of money spent by Mysoreans and during monsoons of each year, “Nairs” took to field as Mysorean firearms and artillery was out of action during savage rainfall and whole of Mysore army detachment stationed in Malabar would be wiped out before rainfall ended. In this way, Mysore army lost nearly 250,000 soldiers and in enemy camp, some 100,000 “Nairs” died in military action that spanned across twenty seven years. Prolonged war broke down social structure and economy of Malabar with a large part of her population either destroyed or dispersed | |||
| == Phases of “Padayottam” == | |||
| “Padayottam” is how Mysore military operations are known in Malabar. They have five stages – | |||
| * 1766-1768 2 years Period of major warfare | |||
| * 1768-1774 6 years Period of minor warfare | |||
| * 1774-1782 8 years Period of major warfare | |||
| * 1782-1784 2 years Period of lull | |||
| * 1784-1791 7 years Period of major warfare | |||
| * 1791-1793 2 years Period of minor warfare | |||
| Seventeen years of large scale warfare involved operations across all of Malabar whereas rest of eight years involved minor operations in smaller districts. | |||
Latest revision as of 09:53, 12 June 2013
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