Pan-Arab colors: Difference between revisions

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			]<ref name="crw">, crwflags.com</ref><ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/20.htm</ref>]]
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	, crwflags.com</ref>]]		<!-- , crwflags.com</ref>]] -->
	The '''Pan-Arab colors''' are ], ], ] and ]. Individually, they have their origins in the flags of prominent empires and dynasties in ] history. They were first combined in the ] in 1916.<ref>I. Friedman, '''', Transaction Publ., 2011, p.135</ref> They are used currently in the flags of ], ], ], the ], ],<ref>Kadhafi, Libye et Panarabisme 1969-1999, Jean Trincal 1999</ref> and the ]<ref name="crw" /> and formerly in the flag of the fleeting six month union of the ].		The '''Pan-Arab colors''' are ], ], ] and ]. Individually, they have their origins in the flags of prominent empires and dynasties in ] history.

		⚫	Each of the four Pan-Arab colors were intended to represent a certain Arab dynasty, or era.<ref>Abū Khaldūn ], ''The days of Maysalūn: A Page from the Modern History of the Arabs'', Sidney Glauser Trans., (Washington D.C.: Middle East Institute, 1966), 46.</ref> The black was the color of the ]; white was used by the ] Caliphate; green was used by the ] Caliphate; and red was the flag held by the ].<ref>Mahdi Abdul-Hadi, , passia.org</ref> They are grouped basing on two sub-sets: the Arab Revolt colors, coming from ] 1916 ],<ref>I. Friedman, '''', Transaction Publ., 2011, p.135</ref> and the Arab Libertation colors, born after the ].<ref name="crw" />
	From the 1950s onwards, a sub-set of the Pan-Arab colors, the Arab Liberation colors, came to prominence. These consist of a ] of red, white, and black bands, with green given less prominence (reserved for five-pointed stars, a chevron, or Arabic text). The Arab Liberation colors were inspired by the use of the ''Arab Liberation Flag'' in the ].<ref>M. Naguib Egypt's Destiny 1955</ref> These appear in the flags of ], ], ], ], and ], and formerly in the flags of the flags of the rival states of ] and ], and in the short-lived ] of the ], and the ].<ref name="crw" />

			The Arab Revolt colors are used currently in the flags of ], ], ], the ], and the ].<ref name="crw" /> The Arab Liberation colors appear in the flags of ], ], ], ], and ]. Formerly, Pan-Arab colors were shown in the flag of Libya as well as in flags of states and unions that don't exist anymore such as the ], the ], ], ] and the ].<ref name="crw" />
⚫	Each of the four Pan-Arab colors were intended to represent a certain Arab dynasty, or era.<ref>~~'''~~Abū Khaldūn ]~~'''~~, ''The days of Maysalūn: A Page from the Modern History of the Arabs'', Sidney Glauser Trans., (Washington D.C.: Middle East Institute, 1966), 46.</ref> The black was the color of the ]~~, and of the ] Caliphate~~; white was used by the ] Caliphate; green was used by the ] Caliphate ~~as a reminder of the ] to symbolize their support of ];~~ red was the flag held by the ],<ref>Mahdi Abdul-Hadi, , passia.org</ref> ~~and~~ ~~then~~ ~~became~~ the ~~symbol~~ of ~~rulers~~ in ~~the~~ ], and ].

		⚫	==Current national flags with Pan-Arab colors==
	Other Arab states, while not using all of the Pan-Arab colors, do use some of them in other combinations. For example, the ] uses green, white, and red, but not black.

⚫	==Current flags with Pan-Arab colors==
	===Sovereign states===		===Sovereign states===
	<gallery>		<gallery>
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	File:Flag of Jordan.svg\|<center>]</center>		File:Flag of Jordan.svg\|<center>]</center>
	File:Flag of Kuwait.svg\|<center>]</center>		File:Flag of Kuwait.svg\|<center>]</center>
	File:Flag_of_Libya.svg\|<center>]<ref>Kadhafi, Libye et Panarabisme 1969-1999, Jean Trincal 1999</ref></center>
	File:Flag of Sudan.svg\|<center>]</center>		File:Flag of Sudan.svg\|<center>]</center>
	File:Flag of Syria.svg\|<center>]</center>		File:Flag of Syria.svg\|<center>]</center>
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	</gallery>		</gallery>

		⚫	== Other flags with Pan-Arab colors ==
	===Unrecognized state===
			===Former national flags===
	<gallery>
	File:Flag of Somaliland.svg\|<center>]
	</gallery>

⚫	==~~Former~~ ~~national~~ flags with ~~the~~ Pan-Arab colors==
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Flag of Hejaz 1917.svg\|<center>] (1917–1920)</center>		File:Flag of Hejaz 1917.svg\|<center>] (1917–1920)</center>
	File:Flag of Kingdom of Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24).svg\|] (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24)<center>		File:Flag of Kingdom of Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24).svg\|] (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24)<center>
	File:Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg\|<center>] (1920–1926)</center>		File:Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg\|<center>] (1920–1926)</center>
	File:Flag of Ha'il 1920.svg\|<center>] (1920-1921)</center>		File:Flag of Ha'il 1920.svg\|<center>] (1920-1921)</center>
	File:Flag of Iraq 1924.svg\|<center>] (1921–1959)</center>		File:Flag of Iraq 1924.svg\|<center>] (1921–1959)</center>
			File:Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg\|<center>] (1921-1928)</center>
	File:Flag of Hejaz 1926.svg\|<center>] (1926–1932)</center>		File:Flag of Hejaz 1926.svg\|<center>] (1926–1932)</center>
			File:Flag of Transjordan (1928-39).png\|<center>] (1928-1939)</center>
⚫	File:Syria~~-flag~~ 1932-58 1961-63.svg\|<center>] ~~(1932–1958 and 1961–1963) (used currently, 2011 onwards, by~~ the Syrian Interim Government, ~~and~~ the Free Syrian Army)</center>
	File:~~Flag_of_Hejaz_1917~~.svg\|<center>] (]) ~~(1948-1959~~)</center>		File:Syria-flag 1932-58 1961-63.svg\|<center>] (1932–1958 and 1961–1963)</center>
	File:~~Egyptian Revolution Flag (1952-1958)~~.~~jpg~~\|<center>] (~~1952–1958~~)</center>		File:Flag_of_Hejaz_1917.svg\|<center>] ("]") (1948-1959)</center>
			File:Flag of Egypt (1952-1958).svg\|<center>] (1952-1958)</center>
	File:Flag of the Arab Federation.svg\|<center>] (1958)</center>		File:Flag of the Arab Federation.svg\|<center>] (1958)</center>
	File:Flag of United Arab Republic.svg\|<center>] (1958–1961)</center>		File:Flag of United Arab Republic.svg\|<center>] (1958–1961)</center>
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	File:Flag of Iraq, 1991-2004.svg\|<center> ] (1991–2004)</center>		File:Flag of Iraq, 1991-2004.svg\|<center> ] (1991–2004)</center>
	File:Flag of Iraq (2004-2008).svg\|<center>] (2004-2008)</center>		File:Flag of Iraq (2004-2008).svg\|<center>] (2004-2008)</center>
	</gallery~~></center~~>		</gallery>

	=== Flags of ~~Arab~~ political ~~movements~~ ~~using~~ ~~Pan-Arab~~ ~~colors~~===		=== Flags used by political parties and paramilitary organisations ===
	<!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	PLEASE do not include flags that do not contain the Pan-Arab colors, or are not derived from the Pan-Arab colors, or are not separate flags from those above but the same flags used in a different setting (e.g. the flag used by the anti-Assad Syrian Interim Government, and the Free Syrian Army is not a separate flag but the former flag of Syria - between 1932-68 and 1961-1963 - and it is in this capacity that it is used, not in a separate or novel capacity). Previous claimed references in this regard have been false.
	---------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Flag of al-Mountada al-Adabi.PNG\|<center>Flag of Ottoman era Istanbul-based autonomist "Arab Literature Club" (1909-1915), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/16.htm</ref></center>		File:Flag of al-Mountada al-Adabi.PNG\|<center>Flag of Ottoman era Istanbul-based autonomist "Arab Literature Club" (1909-1915), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/16.htm</ref></center>
	File:Flag of al-Arabiya al-Fatat.PNG\|<center>Flag of Ottoman era autonomist "Society of Young Arabs" (1911-1916), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/18.htm</ref></center>		File:Flag of al-Arabiya al-Fatat.PNG\|<center>Flag of Ottoman era autonomist "Society of Young Arabs" (1911-1916), a precursor Arab flag<ref>http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/18.htm</ref></center>
	File:Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg\|<center>Flag of the ]		File:Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg\|<center>Flag of the ], also used by Syrian ]</center>
		⚫	File:Flag of Syria (1932-1958; 1961-1963).svg\|<center>Flag of the ], also used by the ]</center>
	File:Flag of Arabistan.svg\|<center>Flag used by Arab separatists and autonomists in ], ]<ref name="ahwaz"> on crwflags.com</ref></center>		File:Flag of Arabistan.svg\|<center>Flag used by Arab separatists and autonomists in ], ]<ref name="ahwaz"> on crwflags.com</ref></center>
	File:Flag of Ahwaz.png\|<center>Flag used by the separatist ] in ], ]<ref name="ahwaz" /><ref>S. T. Al-Seyed Naama, , on al-ahwaz.com</ref></center>		File:Flag of Ahwaz.png\|<center>Flag used by the separatist ] in ], ]<ref name="ahwaz" /><ref>S. T. Al-Seyed Naama, , on al-ahwaz.com</ref></center>
	File:Flag of the Arab Movement of Azawad.svg\|<center>Flag of the ]		File:Flag of the Arab Movement of Azawad.svg\|<center>Flag of the ]</center>
	</gallery>		</gallery>

	==~~Historical~~ Arab flags==		==Former Arab flags==
	<!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------		<!----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	PLEASE verify before adding a flag here that it represents an Arab entity.		PLEASE verify before adding a flag here that it represents an Arab entity.
	Turks and Persians are NOT Arabs. Please do not add Turkic or Persian flags.		Turks and Persians are NOT Arabs. Please do not add Turkic or Persian flags.
	---------------------------------------------------------------------------------->		---------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
	<gallery>		<center><gallery>
	File:Black flag.svg\|<center>]<br>(632–661)</center>		File:Black flag.svg\|<center>]<br>(632–661)</center>
	File:Umayyad Flag.svg\|<center>]<br>(661–750)</center>		File:Umayyad Flag.svg\|<center>]<br>(661–750)</center>
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	File:Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg\|<center>]<br>(1171–1341)</center>		File:Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg\|<center>]<br>(1171–1341)</center>
	File:Mameluke Flag.svg\|<center>]<br>(1250–1517)</center>		File:Mameluke Flag.svg\|<center>]<br>(1250–1517)</center>
	</gallery>		</gallery></center>

	==See also==		==See also==
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	*]		*]

			==Notes and references==
	==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}

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	*		*
	*, by Dr. Mahdi Abdul-Hadi (in Arabic)		*, by Dr. Mahdi Abdul-Hadi (in Arabic)
			{{Arab Flags}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Pan-Arab Colors}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Pan-Arab Colors}}

Revision as of 01:33, 14 June 2014

The Pan-Arab colors are black, white, green and red. Individually, they have their origins in the flags of prominent empires and dynasties in Arab history.

Each of the four Pan-Arab colors were intended to represent a certain Arab dynasty, or era. The black was the color of the banner of Muhammad; white was used by the Umayyad Caliphate; green was used by the Fatimid Caliphate; and red was the flag held by the Khawarij. They are grouped basing on two sub-sets: the Arab Revolt colors, coming from Sykes' 1916 Arab Revolt flag, and the Arab Libertation colors, born after the 1952-53 Egyptian revolution.

The Arab Revolt colors are used currently in the flags of Jordan, Kuwait, Palestine, the SADR, and the United Arab Emirates. The Arab Liberation colors appear in the flags of Egypt, Iraq, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen. Formerly, Pan-Arab colors were shown in the flag of Libya as well as in flags of states and unions that don't exist anymore such as the United Arab Republic, the Arab Federation, North Yemen, South Yemen and the Kingdom of Hejaz.

Current national flags with Pan-Arab colors

Sovereign states

Partially recognized states

Other flags with Pan-Arab colors

Former national flags

Hejaz (1917–1920)
Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24)
Hejaz (1920–1926)
Ha'il (1920-1921)
Iraq (1921–1959)
Jordan (1921-1928)
Hejaz (1926–1932)
Jordan (1928-1939)
Syria (1932–1958 and 1961–1963)
Palestine ("All-Palestine Government") (1948-1959)
Egypt (1952-1958)
Arab Federation (1958)
United Arab Republic (1958–1961)
Iraq (1959–1963)
North Yemen (1962–1990)
Iraq (1963–1991) and Syria (1963–1972)
Palestine (1964-2006)
South Yemen (1967–1990)
Libya (1969–1972)
Federation of Arab Republics (Egypt (1972–1984), Syria (1972–1980), and Libya (1972–1977))
Arab Islamic Republic (1974)
Iraq (1991–2004)
Iraq (2004-2008)

Flags used by political parties and paramilitary organisations

Flag of Ottoman era Istanbul-based autonomist "Arab Literature Club" (1909-1915), a precursor Arab flag
Flag of Ottoman era autonomist "Society of Young Arabs" (1911-1916), a precursor Arab flag
Flag of the Ba'ath Party, also used by Syrian Ba'ath Brigades
Flag of the Syrian Interim Government, also used by the Free Syrian Army
Flag used by Arab separatists and autonomists in Khuzestan, Iran
Flag used by the separatist National Council of Ahwaz in Khuzestan, Iran
Flag of the Arab Movement of Azawad

Former Arab flags

Rashidun Caliphate
(632–661)
Umayyads
(661–750)
Abbasids
(750–1258)
Fatimids
(909–1171)
Ayyubids
(1171–1341)
Mamluk Sultanate
(1250–1517)

Notes and references

^ Pan-Arab Colours, crwflags.com
http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/20.htm
Abū Khaldūn Sati' al-Husri, The days of Maysalūn: A Page from the Modern History of the Arabs, Sidney Glauser Trans., (Washington D.C.: Middle East Institute, 1966), 46.
Mahdi Abdul-Hadi, Palestine Facts: The Meaning of the Flag, passia.org
I. Friedman, British Pan-Arab Policy, 1915-1922, Transaction Publ., 2011, p.135
Also used as the flag of Fujairah since 1975
Palestinian Law No. 5 for the year 2006 amending some provisions of Law No. 22 for the year 2005 on the Sanctity of the Palestinian Flag
Historical Flags (Palestine), on crwflags.com
http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/16.htm
http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/flag/18.htm
^ Al-Ahwaz (Khuzestan) Political Organizations (Iran) on crwflags.com
S. T. Al-Seyed Naama, Brief History of Ahwaz, on al-ahwaz.com

External links

Pan-Arab colors
Evolution of the Arab Flag, by Dr. Mahdi Abdul-Hadi (in Arabic)

v t e Flags of the Arab States
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partially unrecognized

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