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| {{Infobox organization | {{Infobox organization | ||
| | name = Vidya Bharati | | name = Vidya Bharati | ||
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| '''Vidya Bharati''' is a ] educational organization in ] which runs one of the largest private network of schools in India. It is the educational wing of ]. | '''Vidya Bharati''' is a ] educational organization in ] which runs one of the largest private network of schools in India. It is the educational wing of ]. | ||
| == |
==History== | ||
| ⚫ | ] started a ] (temple of the pupils of Saraswati) in 1952. In 1977, these were put under an umbrella organisation called Vidya Bharati with its headquarter in Delhi.<ref name="Jaffrelot 2007">{{cite book|last=Jaffrelot|first=Christophe|title=Hindu nationalism a reader|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton, N.J|year=2007|isbn=0-691-13097-3|language=cs|page=269}}</ref> | ||
| RSS established its first ] brand of school in ] in 1952, under the leadership of ]. As the number of schools increased, a committee ''Shishu Shiksha Prabandak Samiti'', was set up to coordinate activities at the state level. Similar schools and committees were subsequently set up in Delhi, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh. In 1978, an all-India body, ''Vidya Bharati'' was set up to coordinate the activities between the state committees, headquartered in Delhi. Vidya Bharati had an associated National Academic Council with educationists who were not necessarily associated with RSS and enjoyed the trust of the ] (NCERT).{{sfn|Nair|2009|p=52}} | |||
| By early 1990's, the network had grown to 5,000 schools and, by 2003, further grown to 14,000 schools with 1.7 million pupils. This expansion was facilitated by the growing demand of education in India and the disaffection with the state school system.{{sfn|Jaffrelot|2011|p=193}} The network also benefited from favourable allotment of land by Jana Sangh and BJP politicians.{{sfn|Nair|2009|p=51}} | |||
| In addition to formal schools (which go by a variety of names such as ''shishu vatikas'', ''shishu mandirs'', ''vidya mandir'', ''saraswati vidyalas'' etc), Vidya Bharati also runs ''sanskar kendras'' (cultural schools) and single-teacher schools for cultural education. It controls over 250 intermediate colleges and about 25 institutions of higher education and training colleges. It has schools in remote areas of the northeastern states and foreign countries: Mauritius, Indonesia and the USA.{{sfn|Nair|2009|p=52}} | |||
| It has over 50 state and regional committees affiliated to it, making it the largest voluntary association in India.{{sfn|Lall|2005|p=164}} Funds for this expansion have been collected through various means, including charities from the West. According ], a London-based organisation, a significant portion of the Sewa International earthquake funds for Gujarat have been used to build RSS schools.{{sfn|Lall|2005|p=164}} | |||
| ==About== | ==About== | ||
| It runs one of the largest private network of schools in India. As of March 2002, it had 17,396 schools, 2.2 million students, over 93,000 teachers, 15 teacher training colleges, 12 degree colleges and 7 vocational and training institutions.{{ |
It runs one of the largest private network of schools in India. As of March 2002, it had 17,396 schools, 2.2 million students, over 93,000 teachers, 15 teacher training colleges, 12 degree colleges and 7 vocational and training institutions.<ref name="Ewing 2005 p. 196">{{cite book|last=Ewing|first=E|title=Revolution and pedagogy interdisciplinary and transnational perspectives on educational foundations|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York|year=2005|isbn=978-1-4039-8013-7|page=196}}</ref> Most of the Vidya Bharati schools are affiliated to the ] or their local State Boards.<ref name="Ewing 2005 p. 208">{{cite book|last=Ewing|first=E|title=Revolution and pedagogy interdisciplinary and transnational perspectives on educational foundations|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York|year=2005|isbn=978-1-4039-8013-7|page=208}}</ref> Vidya Bharati run educational programs were adopted in ] as an alternate model of education when ] was in power.<ref name="Malik 1994">{{cite book|last=Malik|first=Yogendra|title=Hindu nationalists in India : the rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party|publisher=Westview Press|location=Boulder|year=1994|isbn=0-8133-8810-4|page=157}}</ref> | ||
| Most of the Vidya Bharati schools are affiliated to the ] or their local State Boards.{{sfn|Sundar|2005|p=208}} | |||
| Vidya Bharati run educational programs were adopted in ] as an alternate model of education when ] was in power.{{sfn|Malik|1994|p=157}} | |||
| In 1998 at a conference of State education ministers Vidya Bharati made proposals for school education to be "Indianized, nationalized and spiritualized", with the teaching of "the essentials of Indian culture" which was perceived as "Hindu education". There were concerns when the Uttar Pradesh Government made it mandatory to start the school day with ] and ] and the Muslim League forbade Muslim schoolchildren from joining in the worship. It also demands that ] be taught in all schools and sponsors the revision of textbooks which give a Hindu outlook of history and use Hindu examples in comprehension exercises.{{ |
In 1998 at a conference of State education ministers Vidya Bharati made proposals for school education to be "Indianized, nationalized and spiritualized", with the teaching of "the essentials of Indian culture" which was perceived as "Hindu education". There were concerns when the ] Government made it mandatory to start the school day with ] and ] and the Muslim League forbade Muslim schoolchildren from joining in the worship. It also demands that ] be taught in all schools and sponsors the revision of textbooks which give a Hindu outlook of history and use Hindu examples in comprehension exercises.<ref name="Smith 2000">{{cite book|last=Smith|first=Pamela|title=India : globalization and change|publisher=Arnold Oxford University Press|location=London New York|year=2000|isbn=0-340-70579-5|page=132}}</ref> | ||
| ], former General Secretary of Vidya Bharati, said that they were fighting an "ideological battle against Macaulay, Marx and Madrasawadis". In comparison to which Vidya Bharati advocates "Indianization, nationalization and spiritualization" of education.{{ |
], former General Secretary of Vidya Bharati, said that they were fighting an "ideological battle against Macaulay, Marx and Madrasawadis". In comparison to which Vidya Bharati advocates "Indianization, nationalization and spiritualization" of education. <ref name="Chandavarkar 2009">{{cite book|last=Chandavarkar|first=Rajnarayan|title=History, culture and the Indian city : essays|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, UK New York|year=2009|isbn=978-0-521-76871-9|page=197}}</ref> In the areas of study that are peripheral to the core curriculum, like physical education, music and cultural the institution worked out its own curriculum.<ref name="Marty 1993">{{cite book|last=Marty|first=Martin|title=Fundamentalisms and society : reclaiming the sciences, the family, and education|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|year=1993|isbn=0-226-50880-3|page=552}}</ref> | ||
| In the areas of study that are peripheral to the core curriculum, like physical education, music and cultural the institution worked out its own curriculum.{{sfn|Marty|1993|p=552}} | |||
| ==Ideology and Objectives== | ==Ideology and Objectives== | ||
| The organization believes that a large population in India do not have access to education and so its focus is villages under-privileged locality and tribal area. They encourage economic self-reliance, good health, and hygiene. It says that that all round development of a child has to be achieved through education and inculcation of time honored traditions.<ref>{{cite web |
The organization believes that a large population in India do not have access to education and so its focus is villages under-privileged locality and tribal area. They encourage economic self-reliance, good health, and hygiene. It says that that all round development of a child has to be achieved through education and inculcation of time honored traditions.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vidya Bharati, India Vidya Bhararti Akhil Bhartiya Shiksha Sansthan Educational Belief|url=http://vidyabharti.net/edu_beliefs.php|accessdate=13 September 2014}}</ref> | ||
| The organization believes that system of education in India has its roots in Western way of fulfillment of life and that the all-round development of the personality of the child is not possible without spiritual development. They aim to develop the students physically, mentally and spiritually, and make them capable of facing challenges of daily life and thus contribute to nation building.<ref>{{cite web |
The organization believes that system of education in India has its roots in Western way of fulfillment of life and that the all-round development of the personality of the child is not possible without spiritual development. They aim to develop the students physically, mentally and spiritually, and make them capable of facing challenges of daily life and thus contribute to nation building.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vidya Bhararti Akhil Bhartiya Shiksha Sansthan Philosophy, Aim and Objectives|url=http://vidyabharti.net/philosphy_aim.php|accessdate=13 September 2014}}</ref> | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 40: | Line 31: | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
| ==Bibliography== | |||
| {{Refbegin}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Chandavarkar |first=Rajnarayan |title=History, culture and the Indian city : essays |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK New York |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-521-76871-9 |ref=harv}} | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Malik |first=Yogendra |title=Hindu nationalists in India : the rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party |publisher=Westview Press |location=Boulder |year=1994 |isbn=0-8133-8810-4 |ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Marie |last=Lall |title=Indian education policy under the NDA government |work=Coalition Politics and Hindu Nationalism |editor1=Katherine Adeney |editor2=Lawrence Saez |publisher=Routledge |year=2005 |ISBN=0-415-35981-3|ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Marty |first=Martin |title=Fundamentalisms and society : reclaiming the sciences, the family, and education |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |year=1993 |isbn=0-226-50880-3 |ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Padmaja |last=Nair |title=Religious political parties and their welfare work: Relations between the RSS, the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Vidya Bharati Schools in India |publisher=University of Birmingham |year=2009 |ISBN=978-8187226635 |url=http://epapers.bham.ac.uk/1570/1/Nair_PoliticalParties.pdf |ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite article |first=K. N. |last=Panikkar |title=Secular and democratic education |journal=Social Scientist |volume=27 |number=9/10 |year=1999 |pp=70-75 |ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite article |first=Tanika |last=Sarkar |title=Educating the children of the Hindu Rashtra: Notes on RSS schools |journal=Comparative Studies of South Asia |volume=14 |number=2 |year=1994 |pp=10-15 |ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Pamela |title=India : globalization and change |publisher=Arnold Oxford University Press |location=London New York |year=2000 |isbn=0-340-70579-5 |ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite article |first=Nandini |last=Sunder |title=Teaching to Hate: RSS' Pedagogical Programme |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=39 |issue=16 |year=2004 |month=Apr |pp=1605-1612 |ref=harv}} | |||
| * {{cite book |first=Nandini |last=Sunder |title=Teaching to Hate: RSS' Pedagogical Programme |editor=E. Ewing |work=Revolution and pedagogy interdisciplinary and transnational perspectives on educational foundations |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |location=New York |year=2005 |isbn=978-1-4039-8013-7 |pp=195-218 |ref=harv}} | |||
| {{Refend}} | |||
| ==Further Reading== | |||
| * {{cite book |first= R. |last=Sharma |title=Indian Education at the Crossroads |publisher=Shubhi Publications |location=Delhi |year=2002 |ISBN=978-8187226635 |ref=harv}} | |||
| {{Sangh Parivar}} | {{Sangh Parivar}} | ||
Revision as of 16:51, 14 September 2014
| Formation | 1977 |
|---|---|
| Legal status | Active |
| Purpose | Educational Institution |
| Region | India |
| Website | vidyabharti |
Vidya Bharati is a non government educational organization in India which runs one of the largest private network of schools in India. It is the educational wing of RSS.
History
Nanaji Deshmukh started a Saraswati Shishu Mandir (temple of the pupils of Saraswati) in 1952. In 1977, these were put under an umbrella organisation called Vidya Bharati with its headquarter in Delhi.
About
It runs one of the largest private network of schools in India. As of March 2002, it had 17,396 schools, 2.2 million students, over 93,000 teachers, 15 teacher training colleges, 12 degree colleges and 7 vocational and training institutions. Most of the Vidya Bharati schools are affiliated to the Central Board for Secondary Education or their local State Boards. Vidya Bharati run educational programs were adopted in Madhya Pradesh as an alternate model of education when BJP was in power.
In 1998 at a conference of State education ministers Vidya Bharati made proposals for school education to be "Indianized, nationalized and spiritualized", with the teaching of "the essentials of Indian culture" which was perceived as "Hindu education". There were concerns when the Uttar Pradesh Government made it mandatory to start the school day with Vande Mataram and Saraswati Vandana and the Muslim League forbade Muslim schoolchildren from joining in the worship. It also demands that Sanskrit be taught in all schools and sponsors the revision of textbooks which give a Hindu outlook of history and use Hindu examples in comprehension exercises.
Dinanath Batra, former General Secretary of Vidya Bharati, said that they were fighting an "ideological battle against Macaulay, Marx and Madrasawadis". In comparison to which Vidya Bharati advocates "Indianization, nationalization and spiritualization" of education. In the areas of study that are peripheral to the core curriculum, like physical education, music and cultural the institution worked out its own curriculum.
Ideology and Objectives
The organization believes that a large population in India do not have access to education and so its focus is villages under-privileged locality and tribal area. They encourage economic self-reliance, good health, and hygiene. It says that that all round development of a child has to be achieved through education and inculcation of time honored traditions.
The organization believes that system of education in India has its roots in Western way of fulfillment of life and that the all-round development of the personality of the child is not possible without spiritual development. They aim to develop the students physically, mentally and spiritually, and make them capable of facing challenges of daily life and thus contribute to nation building.
See also
References
- Jaffrelot, Christophe (2007). Hindu nationalism a reader (in Czech). Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press. p. 269. ISBN 0-691-13097-3.
- Ewing, E (2005). Revolution and pedagogy interdisciplinary and transnational perspectives on educational foundations. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 196. ISBN 978-1-4039-8013-7.
- Ewing, E (2005). Revolution and pedagogy interdisciplinary and transnational perspectives on educational foundations. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 208. ISBN 978-1-4039-8013-7.
- Malik, Yogendra (1994). Hindu nationalists in India : the rise of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Boulder: Westview Press. p. 157. ISBN 0-8133-8810-4.
- Smith, Pamela (2000). India : globalization and change. London New York: Arnold Oxford University Press. p. 132. ISBN 0-340-70579-5.
- Chandavarkar, Rajnarayan (2009). History, culture and the Indian city : essays. Cambridge, UK New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-521-76871-9.
- Marty, Martin (1993). Fundamentalisms and society : reclaiming the sciences, the family, and education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 552. ISBN 0-226-50880-3.
- "Vidya Bharati, India Vidya Bhararti Akhil Bhartiya Shiksha Sansthan Educational Belief". Retrieved 13 September 2014.
- "Vidya Bhararti Akhil Bhartiya Shiksha Sansthan Philosophy, Aim and Objectives". Retrieved 13 September 2014.
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