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"All About That Bass" is the debut single by American recording artist Meghan Trainor. It was released by Epic Records in June 2014 and was co-written by Trainor and Kevin Kadish. The song was described as a hybrid of bubblegum pop, and 1950s & 60s retro music.

"All About That Bass" received a divided response from critics, some of whom praised the catchy beat, lyrics, and message, with others more critical of Trainor's delivery. The song has become a commercial success, peaking at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming her first hit single on the chart. Internationally, it has topped the charts in Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Luxembourg, Mexico, New Zealand, the Republic of Ireland, Poland, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom, and peaked within the top ten of the charts in other countries. The song received nominations for Song of the Year and Record of the Year at the Grammy Awards.

Writing and development

"All About That Bass" was co-written by Meghan Trainor in collaboration with the song's producer Kevin Kadish. At the time of its composition, Trainor had no recording deal and was writing tracks for other recording artists. The song originated upon Kadish conceptualizing its title original title, "All Bass, No Treble". It however never materialized as a result of Kadish's co-producers being unable to find lyrics to relate to the title, until Trainor asked "What about booty?". During the session, the singer opined, "Man, it's hard to picture yourself as Rihanna and try to write for her. Let's just write a really good fun song for the world." In turn, Kadish then developed the song's beat and Trainor begun freestyling its rap. At the time, Trainor formed a habitual slang, saying "I'm all about that" regarding several different topics. Trainor and Kadish then agreed to developing "All About That Bass" as a song about embracing one's body image as both grew up having weight insecurities. Trainor honed further lyrical inspiration from a personal experience where she and a friend of hers struggled with their own body image at a young age, as well as American singer-songwriter Bruno Mars' "Just the Way You Are" (2010). Speaking to Glamour, she mentioned:

"I grew up on Nantucket, in Massachusetts, and played football in school. My crowd was all the skinny, beautiful, popular girls, and I was their, like, thicker friend. This one dude I was in love with told me in seventh grade, 'You'd be so much hotter if you were 10 pounds lighter.' It crushed me. whenever I said 'I'm fat,' my mom always told me—and still does—'You need to stop. You are beautiful. Enjoy this now before you get older and look back and wonder, Why didn't I love myself?'"

The pair then went on to jokingly write the song in 40 minutes, thinking that they would not make a success of it and that it would not appeal to anyone. Initially, "All About That Bass" was pitched by Trainor and Kadish as songwriters to American singer Beyoncé among several other recording artists who passed the chance to record the song. The artists' A&R teams felt that they could not make use of track because they did not have an artist suitable for its lyrical message. In an interview with Caroline Sullivan of The Guardian, Trainor quipped, "That was the problem – there weren't any singers at the time . Adele was the only one, but she wasn't rapping and singing sassy songs with swears in them." The teams dismissed the song for not having a prominent enough chorus and hook, which Trainor and Kadish felt was their favorite part and decided against changing it. It was requested that the song be re-produced, made more pop and contain Auto-Tune. As a result, the track "floated around forever". Kadish then suggested, "Meghan, why don't you sing it? You've got the voice and the stuff. This could be your song." After hearing the final song, the singer's team then convinced her to sing the song herself.

Trainor then recorded a demo of "All About That Bass" and went on to meet Epic Records chairman L.A. Reid's A&R, Paul Pontius, to sing it to him. She text messaged Pontius a week later to garner his attention and Pontius replied, asking if Trainor she would like to play the song to Reid the following day. Upon meeting Reid, Trainor was "very nervous" and played the song using her ukelele. Reid was however doing "shoo-wop-wops" and dancing with Trainor during her performance. Trainor then waited upon Reid's pending decision for 20 minutes in a conference room, thinking she "screwed up her whole career". Reid however signed Trainor to Epic in February 2014, stating, "You're a pop star, and I'm going to sign you and you're gonna shake your butt". He was responsible for championing the song's recording after it was written in 2013, and decided that the final song should remain in its demo version with additional mastering. The singer saw "All About That Bass" as an opportunity "to say something to the world," and felt the track had the best message she could portray. In an interview with Gavin Edwards of Rolling Stone, Trainor quipped, "Even if I wasn't a pop star, I wanted to at least say I got a record deal and I got dropped." The singer incorporated doo-wop in the track because she felt that the genre "was the catchiest stuff". She wanted to write a song similar to The Chordettes' "Lollipop" (1958), "that the whole world is obsessed with" and "that won't leave".

Recording and composition

"All About That Bass" is a bubblegum pop and doo-wop song which runs for a duration of three minutes and nine seconds (3:09). It serves as a throwback to 1950s and 1960s music, and contains elements from a complex mix of several genres; retro styled R&B, hip hop, tropical, country and rock and roll. Sonically, "All About That Bass" comprises of an earworm hook, early 1960s soul-pop groove, scatting tempo and shimmying melody. Trainor solicits playful swagger and a deadpan, Caribbean reggae delivery. Tuneful wordless ad-libs feature in the song's outro and the singer pitches down an echoing "bass, bass, bass" at the end of the chorus mark. While it's chorus is consists of Trainor repeating "Because you know I'm all about that bass, 'bout that bass, no treble".

Lyrically, "All About That Bass" serves as a callout to embrace one's appearance and promote a positive body image. The song metaphorically refers to the appearance of a woman's bottom. Larger women are described as "bass" and thinner women as "treble", which Trainor implies as a joke about "thick and thin". The lyric "I'm bringing booty back" references Justin Timberlake's "SexyBack" (2006). In the song, she also calls out the fashion industry for creating unreachable standards of beauty: "I see the magazines working that Photoshop / We know that shit ain't real, c'mon make it stop / You know I won't be no stick-figure, silicone Barbie doll." Its lyrical message has been compared to Kesha's "We R Who We R" and Pink's "Fuckin' Perfect" (2010), Sara Bareilles' "Brave" and Robin Thicke's "Blurred Lines" (2013), among others. While musically, the song has been likened to the works of Doris Day, Betty Everett, Rosemary Clooney and Eydie Gormé.

According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com, "All About That Bass" is set in the time signature of common time, with a metronome of 134 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of A major with Trainor's vocals spanning the tonal nodes of E₃ to C♯₅. The song follows a basic sequence of A–B♯m–E–A as its chord progression. "All About That Bass" was recorded at The Carriage House in Nolensville, Tennessee. Trainor's vocals were recorded by Kadish, who was also responsible for the track's mixing, programming, sound design, mixing, and engineering. The song's instrumentals include electric guitar, bass and drums by Kadish; and piano, baritone, saxophone and hammond organ by David Baron. While the track's audio mastering was done by David Kutch at The Mastering Palace, New York City, New York.

Music video

The music video was directed by Fatima Robinson. It was choreographed by Charm La'Donna and features Vine personality Sione Maraschino. It was shot on May 8, 2014.

Critical response

Music critics acclaimed "All About That Bass" and tipped it as a contender for 2014's "Song of the Summer". It was later voted the "Song of the Summer" in a poll held by American television program Today. "All About That Bass" was likened to 2014 songs, "Anaconda" by Nicki Minaj and "Booty" by Jennifer Lopez, for having similar body-positive themes. All three songs have been noted to be responsible for what was deemed the "Dawn of the Butt" and the "Year of the Booty," by Vogue and Jenna Mullins of E!. Gary Trust of Billboard opined that "All About That Bass" was "more than just a pop song with an infectious beat" and commended its self-acceptance message, in addition to its retro-R&B and Motown influences. The Guardian journalist Caroline Sullivan stated that the song was "instrumental in overturning the media-propogated notion that the only sexy butt is a small one" and said the track had the "aura of a hard-won victory against self doubt". AXS's Scott Shelter honed the track as "empowering" and "cheeky," while Adam Markovitz of Entertainment Weekly called it "irresistible". Teen Vogue journalist Tehrene Firman wrote that the song was one of the best "summer jams" in a while. Yahoo! writer Paul Grein deemed it "one of the biggest and best 'message' songs of recent times". Robbie Daw of Idolator opined that "All About That Bass" had "just the type of unique sound to break through the EDM rut radio seems to be stuck in". Writing for The Atlantic, Kevin O'Keeffe deemed the song "fun" and "damn catchy," and shared Daw's view on its unique sound, calling its '50s throwback sound a "rarity" on contemporary pop radio.

Popjustice's Peter Robinson described "All About That Bass" as a "pleasingly absurd arse anthem" and "brilliantly charismatic". Stacy Lambe of Out wrote that Trainor "hits it out of the park with an addictive record" and honed the track as "delicious". Stereogum's Chris DeVille commented, "As a pop song designed to infect your consciousness and delight the masses, it's great," adding, "You will dance to it at weddings, and you will love it." DeVille further commended Trainor's delivery, describing the song as a "smart modern update on the doo-wop hits," and felt that lyrically it infused an existing idea with "fresh" perspective. A correspondent for The Boston Globe, James Sullivan, praised the track's "happy-making" and "modernized doo-wop" qualities, and deemed it "contagious". New York magazine writer Lindsey Weber called it "insanely catchy," "unstoppable" and a "true earworm," adding that it would be placed on the workout playlists of Lululemon-wearing woman across the United States. Emma Garland of Vice dubbed the track as "undeniably catchy" and the "Big Girl (You Are Beautiful)" of the Candy Crush generation". While Forbes journalist Hugh McIntyre honed it as "insanely catchy," "easy-to-love" and "heartwarming," adding, "though it may sound like something you should play for your young children, there are a few choice lyrics that show Meghan is no child." "All About That Bass" received additional acclaim from several of Trainor's contemporaries, including Becky G, Colbie Caillat and Miranda Lambert. Yahoo! revealed that "All About That Bass" was the eighth most-searched topic on their website for 2014.

Accolades

Controversy

Anti-feminism claims

"Oh God man, I don't criticise skinny people! I would never shame a skinny person! I don't know who would want to. I guess they stop listening immediately after I say 'skinny bitches' and just turn it off. But I say, '…just kidding, I know even you think you are fat'. For instance, I have skinny friends and some of them will stand in front of the mirror and go, 'eugh, I'm just like so big'. And I'm standing there going, 'Jesus! If you’re big then what am I!?' That’s not right. So I was just saying that. There was a huge Twitter account that made a blog about 'this is a body shaming song'. I was like, 'oh my goodness, okaaay…' I don't get it. No, I would never shame a skinny person. It makes no sense.

The song's lyrics became a subject of controversy among several music critics who felt that the song did not promote a positive body image as Trainor intended. The singer was accused anti-feminism and shaming thin women in the song, namely in the lyrics "bringing booty back / Go ahead and tell them skinny bitches that," and "Yeah my mama she told me don't worry about your size / She says, 'Boys like a little more booty to hold at night.'" The former lyric was however developed by Kadish and not Trainor. In a publication by the The Daily Telegraph, Olivia O'Niell analyzed, "If the song's 908,000 likes on YouTube and Meghan's 90,000 followers on Twitter are anything to go by, it would seem that the message most people are taking away from the hit is a positive one". However, O'Niell went on to highlight that the lyrics "have outraged some listeners, with YouTube comments criticizing Trainor for her 'thinly veiled hypocrisy'". Naomi Schaefer Riley of the New York Post dubbed the song as "faux empowerment" and wrote, "Meghan Trainor is trying to pull a fast one on impressionable adolescent girls, and feminists want her to know she's not going to get away with it." Kelsey McKinney of Vox.com felt that some verses in "All About That Bass" uplifted ideas of body positivity and self-worth, while in others, it destroyed those ideals by putting down other women. Jezebel writer Hillary Crosley opined, "When you say that you're not a size two, but you're still desirable to men in a way that sounds like you're making up for the fact that you're not a size two, you're still adhering to the beauty standards your lyrics purport to be against". Feministing's Chloe Angyal felt that what made "All About That Bass" problematic was that it set out a limited definition of what it means to love one's body, and dismissed its body image promotional ideal of "You can love it as long as men love it, and you can love it by putting down other women's bodies". While L.V. Anderson of Slate wrote that Trainor negatively suggested in the song that not all bodies are worth of pride and added, "Despite the girl-power packaging, 'All About That Bass' reinforces the idea that female bodies exist for men's pleasure, and that being desired by a man is crucial to a woman's self-worth."

In response, Trainor deemed the claims "ridiculous," and revealed that she was "a little hurt" by the negative commentary. The singer mentioned that she does not identify as a feminist, but stated, "Skinny girls . Any body type is beautiful. It's all about loving what you got and rocking it." The Daily Beast writer Marlow Stern noted, "But with great—and sudden—success comes great backlash." While Trainor opined, "People are always put off by something that's fresh and new," adding, "I didn't work this hard to hate on skinny people, I wrote the song to help my body confidence—and to help others". In an interview with Jenna Marotta of Cosmopoltan, Trainor mentioned that she felt women should love themselves more than they do. In the interview, she said, "I think—with all the social media stuff—we look at ourselves too much and we just destroy ourselves when we're way cooler than we know." Trainor later revealed that the song's message had girls seeking advice from her on social media, one of which who suffered from depression quit self-harm upon hearing the track, while another commented, "Your music saves lives". With regard to the line, "Boys want a little more booty to hold at night," the singer revealed that she personally has not related to the song in that aspect and instead used it to complete a call-and-response with the line, "My mama, she told me don't worry about your size". Trainor went on to opine, "I'm not saying this is how women should feel – I just wrote a song and funny, clever lyrics, and that's how I look at it. And if people can relate to it, that's awesome." In an interview with Billboard magazine, the singer stated:

"Even with some of the "hate" comments I've seen, they've gotten a conversation going. But, I'm not bashing skinny girls. Some girls have commented, "I'm a size zero, so you must hate me." But that's not it at all! There have been battles on my YouTube page, like, "You don't know what she's talking about. She's actually saying, 'I know even you skinny girls struggle'." And that's exactly how I feel."

Alleged plagiarism

In August 2014, "All About That Bass" was accused of plagiarising South Korean group Koyote's "Happy Mode" (2006). Jed Ahern of Channel V Australia stated, "The two tracks share an almost identical melody, with Trainor's tune seemingly replacing some of the synth bursts with doo-wops." When first alerted of the two tracks' similarities, composer of "Happy Mode," Joo Young-hoon brushed off the controversy by tweeting, "It must be coincidence". On August 26, 2014, Young-hoon stated on Twitter that he was consulting a specialized lawyer regarding the matter, linking his tweet to an article by Naver which highlighted that the two songs are "shockingly similar" in melody, rhythm and tempo. BuzzFeed writer Ryan Broderick, however, opined that both songs share a similar melody to Phish's "Contact" (1989). While Stereogum's James Rettig wrote, "If anything, makes for a pretty good remix of ".

Commercial performance

"Every year pop music throws up a bop-along ditty that captures the public's affection. It's usually a song that slips on to the chart with little fanfare at first, before taking over the radio/internet/television/world with its feel-good attitude. For 2014, Meghan Trainor has taken the mantle with her infectious bubblegum doo-wop anthem 'All About That Bass', and its message has already resonated on a global scale, tallying up almost 70 Top 10 positions all around the world."

—Lewis Corner, Digital Spy

According to a piece in The New York Times, the song's body positivity substantially attributed to its commercial success. Writer Jacob Bernstein observed, "Body-image issues are an endlessly renewable resource for pop stars and their teenage fans," adding, "Particularly in this Instagram and selfie-centered age". In the United States, "All About That Bass" debuted at number 84 on the Billboard Hot 100 issued for July 26, 2014. It ascended the chart for consecutive weeks before registering a 28-8 climb on August 16, 2014, and a 2-1 climb on September 10, 2014, replacing Taylor Swift's "Shake It Off" at the top of the chart. Its rise to number one was aided by 312,000 digital sales, 13.1 million streams and 103 million all-format radio audience that week. The track was Billboards top digital gainer for four straight frames, a feat last achieved by JoJo's "Leave (Get Out)" (2004). It was the Hot 100's top airplay gainer for five consecutive weeks, becoming the first debut Hot 100 entry by a woman to do so since Ashanti's "Foolish" (2002). "All About That Bass" became the longest-running Billboard Hot 100 number one by an Epic Records artist after it spent eight weeks atop the chart. The previous record was held by Michael Jackson's "Billie Jean" (1983) and "Black or White" (1991), both of which attained seven weeks at number one. The song marked the longest-running Billboard Hot 100 number one by a female artist in 2014, and the longest since Lorde's "Royals" (2013). It also topped the Billboard Mainstream Top 40 chart for three consecutive weeks. "All About That Bass" together with Taylor Swift's "Shake It Off" and "Blank Space" occupied the Hot 100's top two for 14 consecutive weeks, marking the longest top two reign by any two acts in the chart's history. The previous record was held by The Beatles and Lesley Gore in 1964. "All About That Bass" ranked at number eight on Billboards Hot 100 year-end chart for 2014, and was certified quintuple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on December 10, 2014. The song sold 1,821,000 copies during its reign at number one and has since accumulated a total of 3,900,000 units sold in the United States as of December 2014.

In Canada, "All About That Bass" debuted at number 82 on the Canadian Hot 100 for the issue dated July 26, 2014. The song peaked at number one on the issue dated September 20, 2014, before being replaced by Swift's "Shake It Off" the following week. However, the track replaced "Shake It Off" the week after and went on to spend a total of eight non-consecutive weeks at number one. It was certified double platinum by Music Canada, denoting sales of over 160,000 copies. "All About About That Bass" debuted at number 36 on the Australian Singles Chart on August 3, 2014. The song reached a peak of number one on August 17, 2014, and in total spent four non-consecutive weeks atop the chart. It was certified quintuple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), indicating sales of 350,000 copies. "All About That Bass" entered the New Zealand Singles Chart at number 14 on August 4, 2014. It climbed to number one two weeks later and went on to accumulate six non-consecutive weeks at the chart's summit. The single received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ), denoting sales of 30,000 units.

In Ireland, "All About That Bass" debuted at number 76 on the Irish Singles Chart issued for August 14, 2014. On October 2, 2014, the song replaced Lilly Wood and the Prick and Robin Schulz's "Prayer in C" at the top of the chart, and went on to spend a total of four consecutive weeks at number one. On September 13, 2014, "All About That Bass" debuted at number 75 on the UK Singles Chart. It sales of 4,349 units that week were drawn solely from streaming points as the song was not digitally released in the United Kingdom until October 5, 2014. However, the song continued to ascend the chart based on streaming points alone, and rose to number 67 in its second week and then to number 57 in its third. "All About That Bass" then made British chart history when it climbed 20 places to number 33, becoming the first single to enter the chart's top 40 based on streaming alone, garnering a total of 1,170,000 streams that week. Upon its digital release the following week, the song climbed 32 positions to number one. It sold over 144,000 units that week, and became the second-fastest selling single of the year in the country, behind Clean Bandit's "Rather Be" which sold 163,000 copies in January. It equaled "Rather Be" as the longest-running number one of 2014 in the United Kingdom. On November 14, 2014, the song was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI). As of November 17, 2014, "All About That Bass" had sold a total of 627,858 copies in the United Kingdom. Elsewehere, "All About That Bass" remained number one in Austria and Germany for six weeks, Denmark and Switzerland for five, Scotland for four, Mexico for three, Poland and Spain for two, and Hungary and Luxembourg for one. As of December 6, 2014, "All About That Bass" had sold in excess of six million copies worldwide, thus becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time.

Live performances

On July 16, 2014, Trainor performed "All About That Bass" live for the first time at an Emily West show in Nashville. She made her Australian television debut on September 15, 2014 performing the song on The X Factor Australia.

Charts

Certifications

Since May 2013 RIAA certifications for digital singles include on-demand audio and/or video song streams in addition to downloads.

Release history

References

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External links

• Official music video on YouTube

• Single chart usages for Germany2
• 2014 singles
• Epic Records singles
• Number-one debut singles
• Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
• Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles
• Number-one singles in Australia
• Number-one singles in Austria
• Number-one singles in Denmark
• Number-one singles in New Zealand
• Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
• UK Singles Chart number-one singles
• Body image in popular culture
• Songs written by Meghan Trainor
• Songs written by Kevin Kadish