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"All About That Bass" is the debut single by American singer-songwriter Meghan Trainor. It was released on June 30, 2014 as the lead single from her debut extended play (EP), Title (2014), and unreleased debut studio album Title (2015). The song was co-written by Trainor and Kevin Kadish, and produced by Kadish. Trainor and Kadish's body image issues during adolescence served as the inspiration for the song; it was also influenced by the songs "Just the Way You Are" by Bruno Mars and "Lollipop" by The Chordettes. Musically, "All About That Bass" is a bubblegum pop and a doo-wop song with elements from a wide range of genres, including R&B, hip hop, tropical, country, and rock and roll. Lyrically, the song serves as a callout to embrace one's appearance and promote a positive body image.

Music critics acclaimed "All About That Bass" and tipped it as a contender for 2014's "Song of the Summer". It has been nominated for one People's Choice Award, one MTV Europe Music Award, and two Grammy Awards for Record of the Year and Song of the Year. The song was also praised by several of Trainor's contemporaries and was included on the list of the year's best songs by various critics and publications. Commercially, the song became Trainor's breakthrough into mainstream success and one of the best-selling singles of all time with sales in excess of six million copies worldwide. It topped the national charts of 58 countries, including eight weeks at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 and four weeks atop the UK Singles Chart. It is the longest-reigning number one on the Hot 100 by an Epic Records artist, surpassing Michael Jackson's seven-week record with "Billie Jean" (1983) and "Black or White" (1991). "All About That Bass" became the first single in British chart history to enter the chart's top 40 with no contributing physical or digital sales. The song was certified quintuple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and as of December 2014, has accumulated total sales of over four million copies in the United States.

The single was accompanied by a music video directed by Fatima Robinson and premiered on June 10, 2014. It features Trainor and several dancers performing choreography, in front of a pastel-colored backdrop, wearing vintage attire. The video garnered acclaim from critics and went viral, becoming YouTube's most-streamed music video for most of September and October 2014. It has since accumulated more than 400 million views in total.

Writing and development

"I came to my session with producer Kevin Kadish with a list of titles, and immediately I was like, "Let's do booty! And thickness! Like, it's about the bass, not the treble," and he was into it. When you have a session, it's like a blind date—you meet a stranger and make nice with them. He was telling me how he loved 1950s stuff, and I told him how I listened to Frank Sinatra before every session. He started making this beat to make it modern, and I started the first verse freestyle because I was like, "I rap." When a little white girl walks in and says, "I'm a rapper," they don't actually want you to rap. But he was all about it.

"All About That Bass" was developed by Trainor and American songwriter and producer Kevin Kadish in a 40 minute composition session, in 2013. At the time of its composition, Trainor had no recording deal and was writing tracks for other recording artists. Their session began after Trainor arrived in Nashville, Tennessee from Los Angeles where she was "writing for pop stars, pretending to be them". When she arrived for the session, Kadish stated: "I don't want to have any rules today. I just want to write a great song". In agreement, Trainor wanted to create a song with no pretenses and instead one for "the world". The pair wrote the song with the intention of handing it to another recording artist. In an interview with NBC's Today, Trainor recalled that she wanted to write a track reminiscent of the 1958 song "Lollipop", a song "that the whole world is obsessed with" and a song "that won't leave". Kadish then proposed a song title, "All Bass, No Treble", to Trainor and told her that none of his prior co-writers could understand what to relate it to. At the time, Trainor was in a phase of saying "I'm all about that Mexican food," and then responded to Kadish with the track's hook, "I'm all about that bass, no treble". She also suggested the topics, "booty" and thickness. Her topics were inspired by the size difference between the bottom and top sections of a bass guitar.

During the session, the two discussed their love for 1950s music, and decided to incorporate it in "All About That Bass". Doo-wop was also included in the track's production because Trainor felt that the genre was among "the catchiest stuff". Kadish then developed a modern beat for the song and Trainor began freestyling its first verse. She felt encouraged by the result and pictured the song to contain a theme of girl power. Trainor's lyrics for the song were intended to be about "loving your body and loving your booty," and were inspired by her struggle to embrace her beauty. As a result, she wrote "All About That Bass" as the type of song she wish had as an insecure teenager. Kadish also related with Trainor's lyrical concept as he shared the same weight insecurities she did during adolescence. She obtained additional inspiration from American singer Bruno Mars' "Just the Way You Are" (2010). Trainor also wanted the track to criticize the use of Adobe Photoshop, after she saw a feature on The Ellen DeGeneres Show of a model who was graphically edited to have "extra-long arms". The feature made Trainor ponder, "This is getting out of control. Someone needs to say something"! She saw "All About That Bass" as an "opportunity to say something to the world" and felt that it was "the best message" she could portray. In an interview with Entertainment Weekly, Trainor recalled that when Kadish developed the song's "skinny bitches" line, he smiled, and they looked at each other, thinking, "We'll never make a dime off this, but I'm fine with that".

Recording

After the completion of "All About That Bass", Trainor and Kadish were fond of the song, but doubted its commercial prospects. However, the pair went on to pitch the song to a variety of record labels and recording artists, including American singer Beyoncé and British singer Adele. The labels criticized the track's production which they suggested should contain more mainsteam appeal and make use of a synthesizer and Auto-Tune. The song was also criticized for not having a "big chorus", to which Trainor and Kadish responded: "No, that's the catchiest part of the song! That's our chorus and we don't want to change it." In an interview with The Guardian, Trainor stated, "Some artists get thousands of songs pitched and they never know, so Beyoncé herself probably never heard it". In the interview she went on to opine that the song was not a fit for Adele because of its rap and use of profanity. As a result, the track "floated around forever". Kadish then suggested, "Meghan, why don't you sing it? You've got the voice and the stuff. This could be your song." After hearing the final version of the song, Trainor's team convinced her to sing the song herself.

Trainor then recorded a demo of "All About That Bass" and later met Paul Pontius—the A&R for Epic Records chairman L.A. Reid—and sang the track for him. A week later, Trainor text messaged Pontius to garner his attention, and he then asked her if she wanted to sing the track for Reid the following day in Los Angeles. Accompanied by her ukelele, Trainor sung "All About That Bass" for Reid. In an interview with Rolling Stone, Trainor stated that she was very nervous during her performance and thought that she had "screwed up" her career. However, Reid sang along to the song's "shoo-wop-wop" hook and later signed Trainor to Epic, saying, "You're a pop star, and I'm going to sign you and you're gonna shake your butt". He was responsible for championing the song's recording after it was written in 2013, and decided that the final song should remain in its demo version with additional mastering.

"All About That Bass" was recorded at The Carriage House in Nolensville, Tennessee. Trainor's vocals were recorded by Kadish, who was also responsible for the track's mixing, programming, sound design, mixing, and engineering. The song's instrumentation includes electric guitar, bass and drums by Kadish; and piano, baritone, saxophone and Hammond organ by David Baron. Trainor produced the track's clapping, percussion instrumentation and handled its executive production. The song was mastered by David Kutch at The Mastering Palace, New York City, New York.

Composition

"All About That Bass" is a bubblegum pop and a doo-wop song which runs for a duration of three minutes and seven seconds (3:07). set in the time signature of common time, with a tempo of 134 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of A major with Trainor's vocals spanning the tonal nodes of E₃ to C♯₅. The song follows a basic sequence of A–Bm–E–A as its chord progression. It serves as a throwback to 1950s and 1960s music, and contains elements from a complex mix of several genres: R&B, hip hop, tropical, country and rock and roll. Sonically, "All About That Bass" comprises an earworm hook, early 1960s soul-pop groove, scatting tempo and shimmying melody. Trainor solicits playful swagger and a deadpan, Caribbean reggae delivery, features Trainor making use of a variety of background vocal and rapping techniques. Tuneful wordless ad-libs feature in the song's outro with Trainor pitching down an echoing "bass, bass, bass" at the end of the chorus mark. Its chorus consists of Trainor repeating "Because you know I'm all about that bass, 'bout that bass, no treble". Sonically, "All About That Bass" was likened to the harmonies of 1960s girl groups, and the works of 1960s singers; Betty Everett, Doris Day, Eydie Gormé and Rosemary Clooney. Caroline Sullivan of The Guardian wrote that Trainor's vocal performance served as a "steedy cross" between American singers Katy Perry and Taylor Swift. The New York Times writer Jon Caramanic opined that on the song Trainor "sings in a lethargic, dragged-out style that codes somewhere between cool and indifferent". Carmanic went on to write that Trainor's vocal contained "the faintest shadow of Adele's classic soul pomp".

Lyrically, "All About That Bass" serves as a callout to embrace one's inner beauty, and to promote positive body imagery and self-acceptance. The words "treble" and "bass" in the song act as metaphors for the weight of women and serve as a joke about thick and thin. The lyric "I'm bringing booty back" references Justin Timberlake's "SexyBack" (2006). In the song, Trainor criticizes the fashion industry for creating unreachable standards of beauty, saying: "I see the magazines working that Photoshop / We know that shit ain't real, c'mon make it stop / You know I won't be no stick-figure, silicone Barbie doll." Its lyrical message has been compared to Kesha's "We R Who We R" and Pink's "Fuckin' Perfect" (2010), Sara Bareilles' "Brave" and Robin Thicke's "Blurred Lines" (2013), among others. Chris Molanphy of Slate commented that the track was perceived by Americans as "a particular kind of protest song". L.V. Anderson of the same publication highlighted the song's lyrical content as "girl-power packaging". Billboard journalist Chris Wilson opined that "All About That Bass" was a public service announcement for positive body imagery. While Adam Markowitz of Entertainment Weekly deemed it "a body-positive polemic dolled up in a poodle skirt". Rolling Stone writer Jon Dolan opined that the track contained "trickle-down Beyoncé empowerment" themes. Carmanic called "All About That Bass" a "pro-curves anthem" that took a concern that has generally been the cultural preserve of black music. The song was compared to Sir Mix-A-Lot's "Baby Got Back" (1992), and 2014 songs "Anaconda" by Nicki Minaj and "Booty" by Jennifer Lopez for its references to a woman's bottom. Sullivan observed that the track served as the defiance of a woman who has been made to feel that her size is disapproved of, but has decided to embrace her body as an asset rather than a flaw. She went on to describe "All About That Bass" as a 2014 version of American singer Christina Aguilera's "Beautiful" (2002).

Release

"All About That Bass" served as Trainor's debut single, and was released as the lead single from her debut extended play (EP) Title (2014), and debut major-label studio album, Title (2015). The single was first digitally released worldwide on June 30, 2014. Epic solicited the song to contemporary hit radio in the United States on July 1, 2014. Billboard wrote that the streaming and digital release dates for "All About That Bass" were held back on different dates for the song to "maximise" download sales in United Kingdom. "All About That Bass" was made available to stream on Spotify in the United Kingdom on August 14, 2014. It was made available to download in the country on September 28, 2014. An "All About That Bass" EP was released in Austria, Germany and Switzerland on October 3, 2014. The EP featured the tracks "Title," "Dear Future Husband" and "Close Your Eyes" as its b-sides. On the same day, a CD single for the song was released in Germany, with "Title" as its b-side. An alternate version of "All About That Bass" was re-recorded by Trainor, with lyrics of her choice, for its impact date on Radio Disney in the United States. It included the reworked lyrics, "But Imma make it, make it, like I'm supposed to do," "I got them smooth moves, they say I look great. Yeah, I'll be the star on all them big stages," and "She says, 'Boys like the girls for the beauty they hold inside'". Epic executive vice-president of promotion, Todd Glassman, opined that the re-recording "seemed like a no-brainer". Radio Disney vice-president of programming, Phil Guerini, felt the alternate version ensured support from their targeted kids and family audience. The re-recording was later used on Adult Contemporary radio in the United States. Assistant program and music director of radio station WHUD, Tom Furci, stated in an interview with Billboard, "We were reluctant at first, but seeing how the song was exploding both locally and nationally, Steve and I felt we had to jump aboard". In the interview, Furci went on to add, "The edit, for us, was certainly the way to go."

Critical reception

Reviews

"All About That Bass" received generally favorable reviews from music critics who commended the song's catchiness and throwback sound. However, the track's lyrical content became subject of controversy, with critics dismissing the song for anti-feminism and cultural appropriation. A variety of critics tipped "All About That Bass" as 2014's "Song of the Summer". It was later awarded the title in a poll held by NBC's Today in September 2014. Yahoo! writer Paul Grein deemed it "one of the biggest and best 'message' songs of recent times". The Guardian journalist Caroline Sullivan stated that the song was "instrumental in overturning the media-propagated notion that the only sexy butt is a small one" and said the track had the "aura of a hard-won victory against self doubt". Writing for Entertainment Weekly, Miles Raymer called it "one of the more charming contenders for Song of Summer title". Evan Sawdey of PopMatters commended the track's lyrics for showcasing Trainor's personality "in just a little over three minutes," and wrote that "All About That Bass" was "the most welcome Song of the Summer contender" and "one of the funnest songs" of 2014. Spin writer Dan Reilly deemed the song "asstastic". Erik Ernst of the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel called it "universally catchy" and "shamelessly dance-ready". The track's catchiness was praised by Billboard journalists Erin Strecker and Mitchell Peters. Gary Trust of the same publication felt that the song "really doesn't sound like anything else that's on pop radio right now", and commended its "infectious" beat and "fun" imagery. Writing for The Atlantic, Kevin O'Keeffe deemed the song "fun" and "damn catchy," and shared Trust's view on its unique sound, calling its 1950s throwback sound a "rarity" on contemporary pop radio. Tehrene Firman of Teen Vogue called the track "insanely catchy" and "one of the best summer jams in a while". New York magazine writer Lindsey Weber called it "insanely catchy," "unstoppable" and a "true earworm," adding that it has been "placed on the workout playlists of Lululemon-wearing women across the country". Emma Garland of Vice dubbed the track as "undeniably catchy" and the "'Big Girl (You Are Beautiful)' of the Candy Crush generation". Forbes journalist Hugh McIntyre described it as "insanely catchy," "easy-to-love" and "heartwarming," adding, "though it may sound like something you should play for your young children, there are a few choice lyrics that show Meghan is no child." Popjustice's Peter Robinson described the song as a "pleasingly absurd arse anthem" and "brilliantly charismatic". Stacy Lambe of Out wrote that Trainor "hits it out of the park with an addictive record" and honed the track as "delicious". Stereogum's Chris DeVille commented, "As a pop song designed to infect your consciousness and delight the masses, it's great," adding, "You will dance to it at weddings, and you will love it." DeVille further commended Trainor's delivery, describing the song as a "smart modern update on the doo-wop hits," and felt that lyrically it infused an existing idea with "fresh" perspective. The song was deemed a "sassy body-pride anthem" by Shaun Dreisbach of Glamour. James Sullivan of The Boston Globe called the song "contagious" and "a late entry in the 'song of the summer' sweepstakes".

Beejoli Shah of The Guardian praised the track's "instantly-memorable" lyrics and "addictive" bassline, but opined that "All About That Bass" was a novelty song. Jon Carmanic of The New York Times echoed Shah's view and called "All About That Bass" a "cheeky novelty hit," and quipped, "'I'm bringing booty back,' she sings, though there's probably already a line forming to assure her it never went anywhere". In a mixed review, Slate journalist Chris Molanphy commended the tempo and melody used in the lyric, "Every inch of you is perfect / From the bottom to the top," which he felt was "effortlessly memorable". He went on to compliment Kadish's production on the song and felt that he created a "wispy tune in vintage white-girl, Italo-Latin soul, expertly aping the sound of peak Rosemary Clooney and Eydie Gormé". However, Molanphy was critical of the track's use of the word "treble" as a metaphor and quipped, "Let's just hope Trainor's gross misuse of 'treble' as a metaphor doesn't wreck the word's definition for a generation". In a negative review, Time named the track as the fifth worst song of 2014.

Recognition and accolades

"All About That Bass" garnered praise from a variety of Trainor's contemporaries, including Beyoncé, Becky G, Colbie Caillat, Maejor Ali, Miranda Lambert, and T-Pain. The Associated Press ranked the track fourth in their top songs of 2014 list, commenting, "The year's most viral and colorful song still sounds good months after its release". Cosmopolitan listed the track at number 17 on their "Best Songs of 2014" publication. PopMatters placed the track at number 73 on their list, The 75 Best Songs of 2014. A writer for the publication, Colin McGuire opined, "'All About That Bass' is sonic proof that simple pop will forever find ways to shine through any popular culture trend, any changing business landscape, and any type of apathy that forces snobs to turn their nose to such blatantly fun music." The song was nominated in the category, Best Song with a Social Message, at the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards, but lost to Beyoncé's "Pretty Hurts". It has been nominated in the category for Favorite Song at the 41st People's Choice Awards. At the 47th Annual Grammy Awards, "All About That Bass" has been nominated in the categories for Record of the Year and Song of the Year.

Anti-feminism claims

The song's lyrics became a subject of controversy among music critics who felt that the song did not promote a positive body image as Trainor intended. Trainor was accused of anti-feminism, cultural appropriation and shaming thin women in the song, namely in the lyrics "bringing booty back / Go ahead and tell them skinny bitches that," and "Yeah my mama she told me don't worry about your size / She says, 'Boys like a little more booty to hold at night.'" In a publication by The Daily Telegraph, Olivia O'Niell analyzed, "If the song's 908,000 likes on YouTube and Meghan's 90,000 followers on Twitter are anything to go by, it would seem that the message most people are taking away from the hit is a positive one". However, O'Niell went on to highlight that the lyrics "have outraged some listeners, with YouTube comments criticizing Trainor for her 'thinly veiled hypocrisy'". Kris Ex of Complex said that the track "jacked both the stereotyped body priorities of black beauty and the codes of black slang". Naomi Schaefer Riley of the New York Post dubbed the song as "faux empowerment" and wrote, "Meghan Trainor is trying to pull a fast one on impressionable adolescent girls, and feminists want her to know she's not going to get away with it."

Kelsey McKinney of Vox felt that some verses in "All About That Bass" uplifted ideas of body positivity and self-worth while destroying those ideals in others by putting down other women. Jezebel writer Hillary Crosley explained, "When you say that you're not a size two, but you're still desirable to men in a way that sounds like you're making up for the fact that you're not a size two, you're still adhering to the beauty standards your lyrics purport to be against". Feministing's Chloe Angyal felt that what made "All About That Bass" problematic was its limited definition of loving one's body, and dismissed its body image promotional ideal of "You can love it as long as men love it, and you can love it by putting down other women's bodies". L.V. Anderson of Slate felt "All About That Bass" sent a "sexist, faux-feminist message". He dismissed the track's lyrics for reinforcing the idea that women existed for the pleasure of men, and being desired by a man is crucial to a woman's self-worth. Anderson went on to quip, "It says it's all about that bass, but it seems it's really all about the boys." Chris Molanphy of the same publication shared Anderson's view and wrote that the song elevated men's love of women's bottoms above women's own appreciation of them. HitFix's Katie Hasty felt that the track's lyrical message was flawed in its execution, and quipped: "'My mama told me...' is a cliché that works well with this style of pop song. But, to paraphrase, 'body acceptance comes from the sexual desires of men and not from within' means your mom needs to take a different tack." A writer for ChicagoNow questioned Trainor's "dangerous" tactic of shaming thin women to uplift full figured women with song, and opined, "Insulting any body type—even if it is the 'standard'—is wrong". The Independent writer Yomi Adegoke said that the song's replacement of one ideal with another was a poor representation of body positivity, and felt that its enforcement that "real men love curves" was insulting.

In response to the anti-feminism claims, Trainor stated in an interview with Billboard: "I don't consider myself a feminist, but I'm down for my first opportunity to say something to the world to be so meaningful. If you asked me, 'What do you want to say?' it would be, 'Love yourself more.'" During a televised interview with NBC's Today, Trainor stated, "I didn't work this hard to hate on skinny people, I wrote the song to help my body confidence —and to help others." PopMatters writer Evan Sawdey defended the song, writing, "This song is so positive, so energetic, and so universal—it's something people of all shapes and sizes can get behind". Beejoli Shah of The Guardian felt that the "skinny shaming" were unneccessary and opined that Trainor's conversation about her body helped normalize teenage anxieties. Shah went on to quip, "If 'All About That Bass' is a body-acceptance anthem for big girls, relax: pretty much everything else in the canon of pop for the last six decades has been a an ode to the skinny girls". Caroline Sullivan of the same publication wrote that the fact critics took offense to the song's lyrical content, manifested the delicacy of the issue of body image. Trainor further defended the concept of the song in an interview with Popjustice:

Oh God man, I don't criticise skinny people! I would never shame a skinny person! I don't know who would want to. I guess they stop listening immediately after I say 'skinny bitches' and just turn it off. But I say, '...just kidding, I know even you think you are fat'. For instance, I have skinny friends and some of them will stand in front of the mirror and go, 'eugh, I'm just like so big'. And I'm standing there going, 'Jesus! If you’re big then what am I!?' That’s not right. So I was just saying that. There was a huge Twitter account that made a blog about 'this is a body shaming song'. I was like, 'oh my goodness, okaaay...' I don't get it. No, I would never shame a skinny person. It makes no sense.

Allegations of plagiarism

In August 2014, "All About That Bass" was accused of plagiarising South Korean group Koyote's "Happy Mode" (2006). Jed Ahern of Channel V Australia stated, "The two tracks share an almost identical melody, with Trainor's tune seemingly replacing some of the synth bursts with doo-wops." When first alerted of the two tracks' similarities, composer of "Happy Mode," Joo Young-hoon brushed off the controversy by tweeting, "It must be coincidence". However, August 26, 2014, Young-hoon stated on Twitter that he was consulting a specialized lawyer regarding the matter, linking his tweet to an article by Naver which highlighted that the two songs are "shockingly similar" in melody, rhythm and tempo. Marah Ekin of The A.V. Club wrote that the similarities between the two tracks were "pretty striking". BuzzFeed writer Ryan Broderick said that both share a similar melody to Phish's "Contact" (1989), and Stereogum's James Rettig wrote, "If anything, makes for a pretty good remix of ".

Commercial performance

North America

Every year pop music throws up a bop-along ditty that captures the public's affection. It's usually a song that slips on to the chart with little fanfare at first, before taking over the radio/internet/television/world with its feel-good attitude. For 2014, Meghan Trainor has taken the mantle with her infectious bubblegum doo-wop anthem 'All About That Bass', and its message has already resonated on a global scale, tallying up almost 70 Top 10 positions all around the world.

In total, "All About That Bass" topped the national charts of 58 countries internationally. As of 6 December 2014, the song had sold in excess of 6 million copies worldwide, thus becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time. Jacob Bernstein of The New York Times observed that the song's body positivity substantially attributed to its commercial success. He wrote, "Body-image issues are an endlessly renewable resource for pop stars and their teenage fans. Particularly in this Instagram and selfie-centered age". "All About That Bass" was a sleeper hit. In the United States, "All About That Bass" debuted at number 84 on the Billboard Hot 100 issued for July 26, 2014. It ascended the chart for consecutive weeks before climbing 20 places to number eight on August 16, 2014, and then reaching number one on September 10, 2014, replacing Taylor Swift's "Shake It Off" at the top of the chart. Billboard journalist Gary Trust wrote that Trainor's performance of "All About That Bass" on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon the week before, helped stir publicity for the song and aided its rise to number one. The track's climb to the top of the chart was supported by 312,000 digital sales, 13.1 million streams and 103 million all-format radio audience that week. The result made Trainor the 21st female artist in Billboard history to top the chart with their debut hit.

On September 20, 2014, it became the fourth song in Billboard history to simultaneously attain top gainer awards on Digital Songs, Radio Songs and Streaming Songs. The track was the chart's top digital gainer for four straight weeks, a feat last achieved by JoJo's "Leave (Get Out)" (2004). It was the Hot 100's top airplay gainer for five consecutive weeks, becoming the first debut Hot 100 entry by a woman to do so since Ashanti's "Foolish" (2002). Billboard reported on November 12, 2014, that the song returned to number one on Digital Songs after a 43% increase in digital sales. The magazine wrote that the increase was aided by Trainor and Miranda Lambert's duet of the song at the Country Music Association Awards, and that the track accumulated a sales total of 190,000 copies for that week. "All About That Bass" became the longest-running Billboard Hot 100 number one by an Epic Records artist after it spent eight weeks atop the chart. The previous record was held by Michael Jackson's "Billie Jean" (1983) and "Black or White" (1991), both of which attained seven weeks at number one. The song marked the longest-running Billboard Hot 100 number one by a female artist in 2014, and the longest since Lorde's "Royals" (2013). "All About That Bass" led an all-female top five on the Hot 100 for six consecutive weeks; surpassing the previous four-week record held by Monica, Britney Spears, Deborah Cox, Cher, Brandy, Whitney Houston and Sarah McLachlan in 1999. The song topped Billboard Streaming Songs for nine weeks, Digital Songs for eight weeks and Radio Songs for three weeks. The track is one of six singles, and the sole debut single to spend 15 weeks in the top two in the history of the Billboard Hot 100. "All About That Bass", together with Swift's "Shake It Off" and "Blank Space", occupied the Hot 100's top two for 14 consecutive weeks, marking the longest top two reign by any two acts in the chart's history. The previous record was held by The Beatles and Lesley Gore in 1964. "All About That Bass" ranked at number eight on Billboard's Hot 100 year-end chart for 2014, and was certified quintuple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on December 10, 2014. The song sold 1.8 million copies during its reign at number one and has since accumulated a total of 4,360,000 units sold in the United States as of December 2014.

In Canada, "All About That Bass" debuted at number 82 on the Canadian Hot 100 for the issue dated July 26, 2014. The song peaked at number one on the issue dated September 20, 2014, before being replaced by Swift's "Shake It Off" the following week. However, the track replaced "Shake It Off" the week after and went on to spend a total of eight non-consecutive weeks at number one. It was certified quadruple platinum by Music Canada for sales of 320,000 copies, and was the seventh most successful single on the Canadian Hot 100 for 2014. In Mexico, the song peaked at number one for three consecutive weeks.

Europe and Oceania

"All About That Bass" debuted at number 36 on the Australian Singles Chart on August 3, 2014. The song reached a peak of number one on August 17, 2014, spent a total of four non-consecutive weeks atop the chart. It was certified quintuple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), indicating sales of 350,000 copies. The song was the second best-selling single of 2014 in Australia. "All About That Bass" entered the New Zealand Singles Chart at number 14 on August 4, 2014. It climbed to number one two weeks later and went on to accumulate six non-consecutive weeks at the chart's summit. The single received a double platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ), denoting sales of 30,000 units. It became the second best-selling single of 2014 in New Zealand.

In Ireland, "All About That Bass" debuted at number 76 on the Irish Singles Chart issued for August 14, 2014. On October 2, 2014, the song replaced Lilly Wood and the Prick and Robin Schulz's "Prayer in C" at the top of the chart, and went on to spend a total of four consecutive weeks at number one. "All About That Bass" debuted at number 75 on the UK Singles Chart. Its sales of 4,349 units that week were drawn solely from streaming. On September 13, 2014, Billboard mentioned that Spotify's browse section substantially contributed to the song's streams in the country. According to the magazine, during its first six weeks of availability on streaming services in the United Kingdom, "the song generated 1.17 million eligible streams—90% on the Spotify service—and jumped to the number 33 spot on the UK Singles Chart—due only to its popularity on streaming services." It made British chart history by becoming the first single to enter the chart's top 40 based on streaming alone, garnering a total of 1,170,000 streams that week. Following the digital release of "All About That Bass" the week after, the song climbed to number one with sales in excess of 144,000 units. Over 9% of its aggregated tally was contributed to its 1.4 million streams in the United Kingdom that week. It became the second-fastest selling single of the year in the country, behind Clean Bandit's "Rather Be" which sold 163,000 copies in January. "All About That Bass" returned six-figure sales in the country for three consecutive weeks. During its reign at the top of the chart it saw off challenges from Nicki Minaj's "Anaconda", Swift's "Shake It Off" and One Direction's "Steal My Girl". The song equaled "Rather Be" as the longest-running number one of 2014 in the United Kingdom. On November 14, 2014, the song was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI). As of 31 December 2014, "All About That Bass" had sold a total of 651,000 units in the United Kingdom, and ended the year as the eighth best-selling in the country for 2014. Elsewhere in Europe, "All About That Bass" remained number one in Austria and Germany for six weeks, Denmark and Switzerland for five, Scotland for four, Spain for three, Poland for two, and Hungary, Slovakia and Luxembourg for one.

Music video

Background and concept

"All About That Bass" was accompanied by a music video directed by Fatima Robinson and choreographed by Charm La'Donna. The clip was shot over a two-day period which began on May 8, 2014, It was premiered online by music website Idolator on June 10, 2014. Robinson conceptualized the clip's look telling Trainor, "I want to set it up with pastel colors 'cause that's the new summer thing. And I think it would be cute if you're like a little innocent-looking girl doing, like, booty-bumping dance moves and just shaking it up", to which Trainor agreed. Robinson and Trainor wanted to make the visual as fun as possible to co-relate with the song's lyrical themes. Speaking to the Cape Cod Times, Trainor stated, "I can't dance. made me a rock star in two days". When Trainor first received the video, she cried, and in an interview with Rolling Stone recalled that she said, "I don't want to do this anymore". As a result, Trainor was involved in performing several edits to the clip because she disapproved on some of its shots and felt her face looked "weird" in some segments. She later approved of the video's final edit and felt that it depicted her as a "pop star". Speaking to The Boston Globe, Trainor said, "I pictured it as a cartoon I'm going to play for the day, and it's gonna be adorable", but then the video became "bigger than anyone expected, it's like, crap, I have to kind of look like that now." Social media played a key role in how the video was made and marketed. Robinson discovered one of the video's dancers, Sione Maraschino, online through social media service Vine, where Maraschino rose to popularity. Maraschino later shared the "All About That Bass" with his following on Twitter and YouTube which became a contributing factor to the clip going viral. In an interview with Billboard, Trainor discussed the video's choreography:

I never danced in front of people, but I didn't know if I was good or not. I knew if I had one lesson, though, I would get through it, and I just wanted to know where to put my arms. But, Charm is prodigy that she grew up with, and Charm made up most of those dance moves, and taught me how to perform and "make sure you smile!" Fatima would come in and be like, "Okay, fix this," or "It looks good."

Synopsis

Visually, the music video predominantly comprises candy colors and choreography, and a pastel 1950s-theme. It features Trainor in an uncharacteristic wardrobe of all pink sweaters and white knee socks. It opens with Trainor dancing in front of a pink pastel backdrop. She sports a light blue collared sweater beneath a sundress of the same color, and a material bow headpiece. The clip then switches to a scene with Trainor wearing a headpiece made of roses and a light pink collared-sweater beneath a sundress of the same color. The video returns to the original scene where the Trainor engages in a dance scene with four other female dancers who sport similar outfits to her. The scene later sees the five women dancing while sitting on chairs. The routine is intercepted with Maraschino donning a white collared shirt and light blue shorts performing a dance sequence on his own, which includes him doing split acrobatics. Three women, wearing platinum blond wigs that cover their forehead and eyes, are also pictured in their own dance routine. In another scene, Trainor, with her hair now loose, sports a yellow sweater and sings in front of a variety of colorful balloons and on top of a wide range of colored material. The singer is also pictured at a dining table topped with candy, offering an unhappy man a cupcake and forcing him to smile with her hands. Two children, in a separate scene, are shown playing with dolls in a dollhouse, dancing in a bedroom and riding bicycles. Trainor is later seen posing next to the dollhouse, and while singing, "I won't be no stick-figure, silicone Barbie doll," tosses the doll across the room. In another segment, other women are pictured smiling while holding magazines with their faces on the front covers.

Reception

The music video resulted in "All About That Bass" rising to prominence as a viral hit. Jim Farber of the New York Daily News observed, "Beneath the 'All About That Bass' video on YouTube, the comment-section 'debate' over size—is she too big? Too small?—has taken on a life of its own". It was YouTube's most-streamed music video for most of September and October 2014, The clip was the ninth most-viewed music video on YouTube for 2014. "All About That Bass" was Vevo's second most streamed music video of 2014, behind Iggy Azalea's "Fancy". The music video garnered generally favorable reviews from music critics. Yahoo! writer Paul Grein opined that the clip was the leading candidate to win Best Song with a Social Message at the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards. Cosmopolitan editor Joanna Coles stated that her readers and staff saw Trainor as an ambassador for embracing creativity and individuality. Evan Sawdey of PopMatters deemed the video "fun and buoyant". Jon Carmanic of The New York Times opined that the video "bolstered" the song and called it "vivid". Idolator's Robbie Daw praised the clip's "memorable" dance routine and vintage aesthetic. Kevin O'Keeffe of The Atlantic and A. Pawlowski from Today felt that the video was "fun". Out journalist Stacy Lambe described it as "a retro pop world that makes you want to dance in your seat". According to Erin Kean from Salon, the clip offered a hard sell for the song. Lauren Valenti of Marie Claire felt that the video put an end to the unattainable standards of the beauty industry. The Daily Beast's Marlow Stern called the visual "zesty," while USA Today writer Brian Mansfield described the clip as "'Baby Got Back'-meets-'Beauty School Dropout'". Stereogum's Chris DeVille commented, "the video, for all its foibles, is both cute and effective". HitFix's Katie Hasty called the clip "adorable," but dismissed Trainor for " her well-meaning 'I feel your struggle' lyric against another stereotype, the music video's representative 'skinny bitch' as a vapid, fun- hating, vain girl". Hasty went on to add, "It becomes binary, distinguishing girls with (b)ass from those with treble, right smack dab in the middle of a song that is purposefully celebrating bigger girls as superior". Billboard writer Andrew Hampp described the clip as "slyly satirical". Julie Zeilinger of the same publisher gave the clip a negative review, and wrote that Trainor was "mimicking music videos by the 'silicone Barbie dolls' her song references". Zeilinger opined that the clip's body imagery should have imparted a different message and quipped that Trainor "points out the focus on women's appearance... by focusing on women's appearance". Emma Garland of Vice opined that it was fun, safe and easily palatable. However, she felt that the clip did not require much thought and dismissed its choreography as the kind "year 2 schoolgirls would invent." The Fader placed the music video third in their list, Music's 8 Most Cringe-Worthy Acts Of Cultural Appropriation In 2014.

Live performances

Trainor promoted "All About That Bass" with a series of public appearances and televised live performances. She first performed the track live in Nashville at an Emily West show on July 16, 2014, and on Live! with Kelly and Michael on August 7. On September 2, Trainor performed an acoustic version of "All About That Bass" on the ukelele for Entertainment Tonight. On September 4, Trainor performed "All About That Bass" accompanied by a triangle on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. The rendition featured Jimmy Fallon and The Roots, who made use of a variety classroom instruments for the performance. Dan Reilly of Spin called it an "adorable remake," and quipped, "It's a safe bet you'll be hearing this rendition of 'All About That Bass' over and over in your head all weekend long." Rolling Stone writer Ryan Reed commented, "Their unlikely interpretation was just as good as the original, with their sparse percussion and intimate doo-wop harmonies anchoring Trainor's passionate lines". The rendition was deemed "light," "fun" and "the perfect kicky antidote to your Friday blues" by Kevin O'Keeffe of The Wire. Samantha Grossman of Time felt the performance "took the song to a new level" and wrote that the use of a kazoo in the performance made the song "so much better". On September 11, Trainor performed "All About That Bass" on The Ellen DeGeneres Show, where she was presented with a platinum plaque from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for the song surpassing 1 million sales in the United States. She made her Australian television debut on September 15, performing the song on The X Factor Australia. On September 18, 2014, Billboard published a mash-up of "All About That Bass" and Taylor Swift's "Shake It Off" which Trainor performed for Australian radio station 2Day FM that week. A journalist from the magazine, Erin Strecker, wrote, "The results aren't a huge surprise -- mash up two super-catchy tracks and the result is, well, a catchy track".

Trainor performed the track in a duet with Miranda Lambert at the Country Music Association Awards on November 5. Lambert previously covered the song live in concert. The two sported 1950s-styled skirts for the performance. Billboard reviewer Joe Lynch wrote, "it wasn't the most country-ish reimagining, but it added just enough fiddle and guitar twang to make it CMA Award appropriate." Spin writer Andrew Unterberger felt the duet and its accompanied dancing was "awkward," and commented, "It was fun for no one, with the notable exception of Lambert's husband Blake Shelton, who was pumped". Whitney Self of Country Music Television stated that the pair's rendition was "one of the most talked-about performances among the mainstream media". Self went on to describe the showing as "electric" with a "certain swagger," and noted that "the approving crowd cheered, danced and sang along". Natalie Finn of E! described the duet as "fierce" and said that Trainor and Lambert's voices synched perfectly. Following the performance at the ceremony, American singer Brad Paisley stepped into the audience and told Trainor that he felt she belonged in country music. On November 26, Trainor performed a medley of "All About That Bass" and "Lips Are Movin" on the final of the nineteenth season of American series Dancing with the Stars. She also performed the track as part of her set for the Jingle Ball Tour 2014. On December 13, Trainor sung the song live on the finale of the eleventh series of The X Factor UK, with finalists Andrea Faustini, Fleur East and Ben Haenow. The performance received a standing ovation from the show's judges.

Cultural impact

Josh Duboff of Vanity Fair wrote that the song had achieved "pop-cultural touchstone-status". Yahoo! revealed that the song was the eighth most-searched topic on their website for 2014. According to The Guardian the song resulted in Trainor being viewed as "the poster girl for the larger woman" and "pop's emblem of self-acceptance". Billboard wrote that the success of "All About That Bass" made Trainor "breakthrough star virtually overnight" and one of the "biggest breakout stars" of 2014. In a different publication, the magazine wrote that the track became "a water cooler topic among young girls and parents". In a press release, Trainor highlighted: "Some girls are like, 'I've hated myself. I hated life. I didn't want to go to school. I get bullied. And then I heard your song and I cried'". Following the song's rise to prominence, its co-writer and producer, Kevin Kadish, was signed to Sony/ATV Music Publishing in October 2014. Sony/ATV CEO, Martin Bandier, stated, "'All About That Bass' is clearly one of the biggest songs of the year and we know there is a lot more to come from him". According to Billboard the song's success "also brought acclaim" to Trainor's label, Epic, by becoming the label's first number one single on the Billboard Hot 100 since Sean Kingston's "Beautiful Girls" (2007).

The success of "All About That Bass" played into Vogue declaring, "We're Officially in the Era of the Big Booty". On September 23, 2014, Steven J. Horowitz of Billboard wrote that "booty records" had "made a mainstream comeback thanks to records like Jennifer Lopez's 'Booty' and Meghan Trainor's 'All About That Bass'". Erika Ramirez of the same publication placed "All About That Bass" fifth in her list, Top 10 Moments of the Year in Ass, and deemed it 2014's "most catchy self-love song". The coinciding release of "All About That Bass" and Nicki Minaj's "Anaconda" in the United Kingdom resulted in a chart battle dubbed by British publications as "the battle of the booty songs". Rolling Stone journalist Steve Knopper wrote, "If we assume the latest sing-about-your-butt trend in pop music has finally reached its, uh, conclusion, the unquestionable winner is Meghan Trainor's 'All About That Bass'". Caroline Sullivan of The Guardian opined that the three songs signaled a shift in mindset in pop history, where female artists frequently endured "scrutiny" from society for their weight. The Independent wrote that the tracks helped "curves" reach the forefront of pop culture. On November 11, 2014, it was reported that American company Booty Pop experienced a 47% increase in demand as a result. A New York doctor, Matthew Schulman, told Billboard that Brazilian butt lift plastic surgery had risen by 25% at his practice in 2014. Boston entrepreneur and gym instructor, Kelly Brabants stated in an interview with the magazine that she experienced a waiting list for her Booty by Brabants class. Brabants went on to opine, "It's not about being stick-thin anymore, every girl now wants a booty".

Parodies

Billboard wrote that the song's "smash hit status invited a slew of viral videos and musical tributes". On December 1, 2014, in an episode of Canadian comedy series This Hour Has 22 Minutes, the cast made a parody music video of the song, releasing it as a Conservative political ad smearing the Federal Liberal Party leader Justin Trudeau, with the video entitled "Just a Pretty Face." On December 7, Nerdist Industries released a parody music of the song, entitled "All About That Base: No Rebels". Their video comprised a Star Wars theme and its premise sees men, depicted as stormtroopers, engaging in choreography alongside cheerleaders dressed in attire inspired by the fictional character Darth Vader. Mitchell Peters of Billboard opined that the parody was "catchy" and "hilarious". On December 12, a parody music video by NASA went viral entitled "All About That Space". The video featured NASA interns performing choreography and shots of the Johnston Space Center in Houston. The parody also comprised altered lyrics written by Sarah Schlieder. NASA's parody video attained over 1 million views in four days. Lee Moran of the New York Daily News called the rendition "wonderfully a-dork-able". The parodies later led to Time publishing an article entitled "No More 'All About That Bass' Parodies, Please" on December 15.

Cover versions

On August 4, 2014, American boy band Emblem3 performed an acoustic cover of "All About That Bass". The Roots covered the song on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon on August, 20. Their rendition was deemed "angelic" by Chris Payne of Billboard. The same month, Canadian singer Michael Bublé posted a cover version of the song on his Instagram account. Cover versions by Meghan Tonjes and Power Music Workout charted at numbers 70 and 13 respectively on the UK Singles Chart in September 2014. On October 7, English music executive Simon Cowell released a rendition of the track online. Canadian singer Justin Bieber posted a cover version of "All About That Bass" on his SoundCloud on October 15. Bieber's version was produced by American record producer Maejor Ali and comprises the altered verses, "I'm all about that bass, no treble/ We gonna take it to a whole 'nother level," and "We know that sh–ain't real/ We know it's Photoshopped". Prior to the release of Bieber's version, Ali posted a video on Instagram of Bieber dancing to Trainor's version. Ali also previously developed his own "hood-yet-house" remix of "All About That Bass" in August 2014. In an interview with Billboard, Ali stated: "I first put this song out as a production remix on my own. Not soon after it went out Meghan heard it, then Justin heard it, and shortly after they asked me to pull my version down so that the collaboration could happen. And that’s the dopest part."

In September 2014, American musicians Kate Davis and Scott Bradlee released a cover version of the track. On October 24, American group Pentatonix's Avi Kaplan released his cover version of the song online. Kaplan's rendition was positively reviewed by James Grebey of Spin who wrote, "Meghan Trainor's tune sounds very different a few octaves lower," and added, "We think it might just be an improvement". "All About That Bass" was covered by Jamaican-American singer Anita Antoinette during the seventh season of the American series The Voice. Ashley Lee of Billboard wrote that Antoinette provided the song with "a reggae twist" and that her performance was praised by the show's judges Pharrell Williams and Adam Levine.

Formats and track listings

• CD single

1. "All About That Bass" – 3:07
2. "Title" – 2:54

• Digital download

1. "All About That Bass" – 3:07

• Digital EP

1. "All About That Bass" – 3:07
2. "Title" – 2:54
3. "Dear Future Husband" – 3:04
4. "Close Your Eyes" – 3:40

Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Title.

Recording

• Recorded and engineered at The Carriage House, Nolensville, Tennessee
• Mastered at The Mastering Palace, New York City, New York
• Published by Year Of The Dog Music (ASCAP), a division of Big Yellow Dog, LLC / Over-Thought Under-Appreciated Songs (ASCAP)

Personnel

• Meghan Trainor – songwriter, executive producer, vocals, clapping, percussion
• Kevin Kadish – songwriter, producer, drum programming, electric guitar, bass, sound design, mixing, recording, engineering
• David Baron – piano, baritone, saxophone, hammond organ
• Dave Kutch – mastering

Charts

Certifications

From July 2014, BPI certifications for singles include on-demand audio streaming.

Since May 2013, RIAA certifications for digital singles include on-demand audio and/or video song streams in addition to downloads.

Radio and release history

See also

• List of best-selling singles
• List of number-one Euro Digital Songs
• List of Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles of 2014
• List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2014
• List of Billboard Mainstream Top 40 number-one songs of 2014
• List of number-one hits of 2014 (Austria)
• List of number-one hits of 2014 (Denmark)
• List of number-one hits of 2014 (Germany)
• List of number-one hits of 2014 (Scotland)
• List of number-one hits of 2014 (Switzerland)
• List of number-one singles from the 2010s (New Zealand)
• List of number-one singles of 2014 (Australia)
• List of number-one singles of 2014 (Ireland)
• List of number-one singles of 2014 (Poland)
• List of number-one singles of 2014 (Spain)
• List of number-one songs of 2014 (Mexico)
• List of top 10 singles in 2014 (France)
• List of UK Singles Chart number ones of the 2010s

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External links

• Music video on YouTube
• Template:MetroLyrics song

• Single chart usages for Germany2
• 2014 singles
• Meghan Trainor songs
• Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
• Body image in popular culture
• Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles
• Epic Records singles
• Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
• Mexican Airplay Chart number-one singles
• Number-one debut singles
• Number-one singles in Australia
• Number-one singles in Austria
• Number-one singles in Denmark
• Number-one singles in Germany
• Number-one singles in Hungary
• Number-one singles in New Zealand
• Number-one singles in Poland
• Number-one singles in Spain
• Number-one singles in Switzerland
• Singles certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry
• Singles certified quintuple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America
• Songs written by Kevin Kadish
• Songs written by Meghan Trainor
• UK Singles Chart number-one singles
• Billboard Mainstream Top 40 (Pop Songs) number-one singles
• Songs with feminist themes