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| '''''Tor putitora''''', the '''Putitor mahseer''', '''Himalayan mahseer''' or '''golden mahseer''', is an ] species of ] fish that is found in rapid streams, riverine pools and lakes in the ] region and south Asia, ranging from ] south to ], and east to ].<ref name=IUCN/> It is a popular ], the largest species of ], and can reach up to {{convert|2.75|m|ft|abbr=on}} in length and {{convert|54|kg|abbr=on}} in weight, though most caught today are far smaller.<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase species |genus= Tor |species= putitora| month = January | year = 2012}}</ref> It is threatened by ], ] and ], and it is estimated that it already has declined by more than 50%.<ref name=IUCN/> | '''''Tor putitora''''', the '''Putitor mahseer''', '''Himalayan mahseer''' or '''golden mahseer''', is an ] species of ] fish that is found in rapid streams, riverine pools and lakes in the ] region and south Asia, ranging from ] south to ], and east to ].<ref name=IUCN/> It is a popular ], the largest species of ], and can reach up to {{convert|2.75|m|ft|abbr=on}} in length and {{convert|54|kg|abbr=on}} in weight, though most caught today are far smaller.<ref name=fishbase>{{FishBase species |genus= Tor |species= putitora| month = January | year = 2012}}</ref> It is threatened by ], ] and ], and it is estimated that it already has declined by more than 50%.<ref name=IUCN/> | ||
| == Habitat and Ecology == | |||
| Inhabits the montane and submontane regions, in streams and rivers. ''T. putitora'' is a major tor distributed in mid hills stretches of Himalayan region. It inhabits rapid streams with rocky bottom, riverine pools and lakes. It seems that Sahar neither inhabits the warm terai climate nor streams of very cold climate; but in natural conditions it inhabits moderately cold and climate regions of tropical highlands. The fish is a column feeder in freshwater found in pH ranges 7.4 - 7.9 and in subtropical condition 13°C-30°C. It is omnivorous in nature during their adult stage and feed on periphytic algae and diatoms in juvenile stage. The feeding and breeding habitats are lost almost throughout their distributional range. It lives in fresh water. | |||
| == Range Description == | |||
| The species has been reported from across the Himalayan region and elsewhere in south Asia and southeast Asia, ranging from Afghanistan, Pakistan, India (Darjeeling to Kashmir), Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, western Iran to eastern Thailand. | |||
| David Edds reported the species from Nepal from Mulghat, on the road from ] to ], ] confluence, ] ] confluence, just east of the ], ], ] confluence, ] confluence, Gorangi - about 4 km west of ], ], ], purchased at ], just east of ], ], ]. | |||
| == Population == | |||
| It is the most common mahseer of the Himalaya and is also sometimes known as the golden, yellow-finned, grey-hound or the thick-lipped mahseer. It grows up to 2.7 m. | |||
| Annual productivity of the species declined from 0.198 gm² per year to 0.054 gm² per year (73%) in the Tehri Dam located in the Garhwal Himalaya, India (Sharma 2004). Since it is a heavily fished species, population declines in the entire range is inferred to be anywhere between 40-50% over the last ten years. | |||
| Catches have declined in some areas (e.g. in the valley lakes around Pokhara, Nepal) due to overfishing. | |||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| {{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
Revision as of 14:30, 6 March 2015
| Tor putitora | |
|---|---|
| |
| Conservation status | |
 Endangered (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Cyprinidae |
| Genus: | Tor |
| Species: | T. putitora |
| Binomial name | |
| Tor putitora (F. Hamilton, 1822) | |
Tor putitora, the Putitor mahseer, Himalayan mahseer or golden mahseer, is an endangered species of cyprinid fish that is found in rapid streams, riverine pools and lakes in the Himalayan region and south Asia, ranging from Iran south to Sri Lanka, and east to Thailand. It is a popular gamefish, the largest species of mahseer, and can reach up to 2.75 m (9.0 ft) in length and 54 kg (119 lb) in weight, though most caught today are far smaller. It is threatened by habitat loss, habitat degradation and overfishing, and it is estimated that it already has declined by more than 50%.
References
- ^ Template:IUCN2011.2
- Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Tor putitora". FishBase. January 2012 version.
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