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Wikihounding: I asked a question at the WP:Teahouse ] about an editor's talk page that was edited by Jytdog but which did not attribute the edit to Jytdog. In my initial posting, I was careful not to name editors or indicate the location of the problem. Within 50 mins of my posting the question, Jytdog had posted an edit on this thread ]. The only way Jytdog could have known about this was if they were monitoring my postings. Jytdog soon after posted that I was "inexperienced" ].

Prophanities: Prophanities on my Talk page ], ] and on other pages e.g. "I'll reply by reminding you to stop discussing contributors and discuss content. I made a motherfucking mistake by editing a comment when I thought no one had replied yet - when you pointed out that you had replied I went back and struck it properly and acknowledged my mistake. That is not "uncivil", it is called being a fucking human being who can make mistakes and is capable of fucking admitting them and even fucking fixing them. (Please read WP:REDACT btw if you are not familiar with it - it is fine to change your own comments before someone else replies, and OK to redact them by using redaction marks after someone replies.) Jytdog (talk) 15:24, 16 March 2015 (UTC)" posted ]. ]

Belittling a fellow editor: I was described as "inexperienced" ] and it was stated that my RfC was wasting time ]. There has been a comment disrespecting my editing abilities ].

Using warning templates:

Use of

Dog Behaviour

• Senses
• Cognition
• Evolution/Domestication/Co-evolution with humans
• Social behaviour
• Reproductive behaviour
• Relation with humans
  • Historical (for warmth,
  • Modern (Assistance dogs, sniffer dogs)
  • Use in science (Pavlov, space exploration)
  • Attacks

Bans

Reasons why the detailed Legislation information should be included in the Foie gras Article.

1) The section is totally germane and essential for a full understanding of the subject of the Foie gras article.

2) The average reader would expect to find the detailed information about the legislation on Foie gras, and not elsewhere.

3) The suitability of legislation information being placed on the Foie gras article is long established. Legislation information has been on Foie gras since at least December 2008..

4) There has been no cogent argument on the Talk page as to why the section should not be on Foie gras.

5) The removal appeared to be initiated by expansion and integrating greater detail, and an unspecified desire not to have the information on Foie gras.

injury to the oesopahgusCite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page).

In 2011, foie gras was banned from the biennial Anuga Food Fair in Cologne. Also in 2011, the online grocer Ocado became the latest UK retailer to ban the sale of foie gras.

In 2012, the British House of Lords bannned foie gras from its in-house menu. Also in 2012, the Compass Group UK and Ireland removed foie gras from its menus.

The British Academy of Film and Television Arts, the Brit Awards, Wimbledon, Lord's Cricket Ground and the Royal Shakespeare Company have all pledged not to serve or sell foie gras, and Prince Charles does not allow it on Royal menus.

1. Kozák, J. (2011). "Foie gras production: pros and cons in the light of animal protection". Journal of Animal Welfare, Ethology and Housing Systems. 7 (3): 200–209.
2. Cite error: The named reference Skippon was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
3. Willsher, K. (2011). "French outrage as German food fair bans foie gras". The Guardian. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
4. "Ocado bans foie gras". AWSELVA. 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
5. "British House of Lords bans foie gras from in-house menu". Bangkok Post. 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2012.
6. Eversham, E. (2012). "Compass group removes foie gras from menus". 2012. Retrieved March 13, 2015.
7. "Ocado bans foie gras". Meatinfo.com. Retrieved March 12, 2015.

Foie gras

In July 2014, India banned the import of foie gras making it the first country in the world to do so.

HSI quote http://news.webindia123.com/news/articles/India/20140708/2420600.html

• England
• Denmark
• Finland
• Germany

• Israel
• Italy

Asia

On July 3rd 2014, India banned the import of foie gras making it the first country in the world to do so.

Europe

Foie-gras production is banned in several countries, including most of the Austrian provinces, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland and Israel. General animal protection laws in Ireland, Sweden, Switzerland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom mean that production is essentially banned there also. In 2012, 8 MEPs called for foie gras to be banned across Europe.

pigmentation

Definitions of albinism vary and are inconsistent. Whilst they are clear and precise for humans and other mammals, this is because the majority of mammals have only one pigment, melanin. Many animals have pigments other than melanin, and some also have structural colours. Some definitions of albanism, whilst taking most taxa into account, ignore others. So, "a person or animal with very pale skin, white hair or fur, and pink eyes caused by a medical condition that they were born with" and "a person or animal with white skin and hair and pink eyes" do not include feathers, scales or cuticles of birds, fish and invertebrates. Nor do they include plants. Some definitions are too broad to be of much use, e.g. "an animal or plant with a marked deficiency in pigmentation"Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). refers only to the pigment melanin.

Because of the various uses of different terms applied to colouration, some authors have indicated that the colour of the eyes is the defining characteristic of albanism, e.g. "This leads to a good diagnostic feature with which to distinguish leucistic and albino individuals – the colour of the eye."

The term "partial albino" is sometimes used in the literature, however, it has been stated that "A common misnomer is ‘partial albino’ – this is not possible since albinism affects the whole plumage of a bird, not just part" and the definition of albinism precludes the possibility of "partial albinism" in which a mostly white bird shows some form of melanin pigmentation. "It is simply impossible, just like being ‘partially pregnant’.

One definition states that "albinism, (from the Latin albus, meaning “white”), hereditary condition characterized by the absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, hair, scales, or feathers", however, this does not encompass invertebrates, nor does it include plants. Furthermore, it could be interpreted that "...absence of pigment..." does not include an absence of structural colours.

The clearest definition appears to be - "Congenital absence of any pigmentation or coloration in a person, animal, or plant, resulting in white hair and pink eyes in mammals." Whilst this does not state specifically that albino animals other than mammals are white, this can be inferred from "...absence of any pigmentation or coloration..."

"Tyrosinase-negative albinos lack tyrosinase (an enzyme which synthesises melanin) in their cells; this usually produces a pale yellowish or cream animal with pink-eyes. The more common Tyrosinase Positive albino cannot synthesise melanin, but can synthesise tyrosinase, giving a fawn or lavender (platinum) colour."

gap

Ferrets have a typical Mustelid body-shape being long and slender. Their average length is about 50 cm including a 13-cm tail. Their pelage has various colorations including brown, black, white or mixed. They weigh between 0.7 kg to 2.0 kg and are ] as the males are substantially larger than females. The average gestation period is 42 days and females may have 2 or 3 litters each year. The litter size is usually between 3 to 7 kits which are weaned after 3 to 6 weeks and become independent at 3 months. They become sexually mature at approximately 6 months and the average life span is 7 to 10 years.

Farm procedures

Notes

1. 'Blinders' or 'spectacles' are included as some versions require a pin to pierce the nasal septum.
2. 'Desnooding' is the removal of the snood, a fleshy appendage on the forehead of turkeys.
3. 'Dubbing' is the procedure of removing the comb, wattles and sometimes earlobes of poultry. Removing the wattles is sometimes called "dewattling".
4. Pinioning is the act of surgically removing one pinion joint, the joint of a bird's wing farthest from the body, to prevent flight.
5. 'Marking' is the simultaneous mulesing, castration and tail docking of lambs.
6. 'Mulesing' is the removal of strips of wool-bearing skin from around the breech (buttocks) of a sheep to prevent flystrike (myiasis)

Mollusc locomotion

Mollusc locomotion describes the way in which animals of the class Mollusca change their location. The mollscs

Passive locomotion

Passive locomotion is a type of mobility in which the animal depends on their environment for transportation. Locomotion, in ethology, is any of a variety of movements among animals that results in progression from one place to another.

Hydrozoans

The Portuguese man o' war (Physalia physalis) lives at the surface of the ocean. The gas-filled bladder, or pneumatophore (sometimes called a "sail"), remains at the surface, while the remainder is submerged. Because the Portuguese man o' war has no means of propulsion, it is moved by a combination of winds, currents, and tides. The sail is equipped with a siphon. In the event of a surface attack, the sail can be deflated, allowing the organism to briefly submerge.

Arachnids

The wheel spider (Carparachne aureoflava) is a huntsman spider approximately 20 mm in size and native to the Namib Desert of Southern Africa. The spider escapes parasitic pompilid wasps by flipping onto its side and cartwheeling down sand dunes at speeds of up to 44 turns per second. If the spider is on a sloped dune, its rolling speed may be 1 metre per second.

A spider (usually limited to individuals of a small species), or spiderling after hatching, will climb as high as it can, stand on raised legs with its abdomen pointed upwards ("tiptoeing"), and then release several silk threads from its spinnerets into the air. These automatically form a triangular shaped parachute which carries the spider away on updrafts of winds where even the slightest of breezes will disperse the arachnid. The Earth's static electric field may also provide lift in windless conditions.

Insects

The larva of the Cicindela dorsalis media tiger beetle is notable for its ability to leap into the air, loop its body into a rotating wheel and roll along the sand at a high speed using wind to propel itself. If the wind is strong enough, the larva can cover up to 60 metres (200 ft) in this manner. This remarkable ability may have evolved to help the larva escape predators such as the tiphiid wasp Methocha.

Members of the largest subfamily of cuckoo wasps, Chrysidinae, are generally kleptoparasites, laying their eggs in host nests, where their larvae consume the host egg or larva while it is still young. Chrysidines are distinguished from the members of other subfamilies in that most have flattened or concave lower abdomens and can curl into a defensive ball when attacked by a potential host, a process known as conglobation. Protected by hard chitin in this position, they are expelled from the nest without injury and can search for a less hostile host.

Fleas can jump vertically up to (18 cm) and horizontally up to (33 cm), however, although this form of locomotion is initiated by the flea, it has little control of the jump - they always jump in the same direction, with very little variation in the trajectory between individual jumps.

Malacostraca

Although stomatopods typically display the standard locomotion types as seen in true shrimp and lobsters, one species, Nannosquilla decemspinosa, has been observed flipping itself into a crude wheel. The species lives in shallow, sandy areas. At low tides, N. decemspinosa is often stranded by its short rear legs, which are sufficient for locomotion when the body is supported by water, but not on dry land. The mantis shrimp then performs a forward flip in an attempt to roll towards the next tide pool. N. decemspinosa has been observed to roll repeatedly for 2 metres (6.6 ft), but specimens typically travel less than 1 m (3.3 ft). Again, the animal initiates the movement but has little control during its locomotion.

The diversity of characteristics of birds is great, sometimes even in closely related species. Several avian characteristics are given in the table below.

Table of reproduction characteristics

1. ^ Shantanu D. (2014). "India bans import of foie gras; are Indian chefs happy?". The Indian Express. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
2. "India Bans Foie Gras". NDTV. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
3. "Animal welfare groups welcome India's ban on foie gras". EU food law. 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
4. "India 'sets precedent' with foie gras import ban". Agra Europe. 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
5. ^ Cite error: The named reference NDTV was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
6. "India Bans Foie Gras". NDTV. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
7. "India bans import of foie-gras". Compassion In World Farming. 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
8. Cite error: The named reference Viva was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
9. The ratification list includes 30 countries plus the European union itself, through which 5 additional countries are signatories.
10. "Israel to ban force-feeding of geese". Independent Online.
11. "Albino". {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help); Text "http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/albino" ignored (help)
12. "Albino". Cambridge Dictionaries On-line. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
13. ^ "Leucisam and albinism". British Trust for Ornithology. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
14. Cite error: The named reference Grouw was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
15. "Albinism". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
16. "Albinism". The Free Dictionary. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
17. "Albino animals and birds". Messybeast. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
18. Kim, K.S., Lee,S.E., Jeong, H.W. and Ha, J.H. (1998). "The complete nucleotide sequence of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) mitochondrial genome". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 10 (2): 210–220.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
19. Wayne, R.K. and Ostrander, E.A. (1999). "Origin, genetic diversity, and genome structure of the domestic dog" (PDF). BioEssays. 21: 247–257.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
20. Clauss, M., Kleffner, H. and Kienzle, E. "Carnivorous mammals: nutrient digestibility and energy evaluation". Zoo Biology. 29 (6): 687–704.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
21. "All about ferrets". New Jersey Veterinary Medical Association. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
22. {{cite web|url=http://www.elmwoodparkzoo.org/animal-domestic-ferret.php%7Caccessdate=January 15, 2015|title=Domestic ferret|publisher=Elmwood Park Zoo
23. "Sheep dentistry, including tooth trimming". Australian Veterinary Association. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
24. . Encyclopaedia Britannica http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/345861/locomotion. Retrieved December 16, 2014. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
25. "Portuguese Man-of-War". National Geographic Society.
26. Physalia physalis. "Portuguese Man-of-War Printable Page work= National Geographic Animals". National Geographic. Retrieved 2009-12-07. {{cite web}}: Missing pipe in: |title= (help)
27. "The Desert is alive". Living Desert Adventures. 2008. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
28. Armstrong, S. (14 July 1990). "Fog, wind and heat - life in the Namib desert". New Scientist (1725). Retrieved 2008-10-11.
29. Mark Gardiner, ed. (April 2005). "Feature creature" (PDF). Gobabeb Times. p. 3.
30. Crosby, J.T. (1999). "What is the life cycle of the flea". Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Retrieved August 6, 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |Accessed 2009-07-18.
<li id= ignored (help)
31. "Insect jumping: An ancient question". Human Frontier Science Program. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |acccessdate= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
32. Sutton G.P. and Burrows M. (2011). 214: 836–847. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help); Text "J. Exp Biol." ignored (help); Text "The biomechanics of the jump of the flea" ignored (help)
33. Roy L. Caldwell (1979). "A unique form of locomotion in a stomatopod – backward somersaulting". Nature. 282 (5734): 71–73. Bibcode:1979Natur.282...71C. doi:10.1038/282071a0.
34. ^ "AnAge: The animal ageing and longevity database". Human Ageing and Genomics Resources. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
35. "Animal diversity web". University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology. Retrieved September 26, 2014.
36. Spotorno, Angel E.; Zuleta, C. A.; Valladares, J. P.; Deane, A. L.; Jiménez, J. E. (2004). "Chinchilla laniger". Mammalian Species. 758: 1–9. doi:10.1644/758.
37. Berry, R. J. (1970). "The natural history of the house mouse" (PDF). Field Studies. 3. Field Studies Council: 222.
38. "Heterocephalus glaber: Naked mole rat". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
39. Schwartz, Charles Walsh; Schwartz, Elizabeth Reeder (2001). The Wild Mammals of Missouri. University of Missouri Press. p. 250. ISBN 978-0-8262-1359-4.
40. "Rattus norvegicus: Brown rat". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
41. "Sciurus vulgaris: Eurasian red squirrel". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
42. Vanderlip, Sharon (2003). The Guinea Pig Handbook. Barron's. p. 13. ISBN 0-7641-2288-6.
43. "Myocastor coypus: Coypu". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2 October 2014.
44. "Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris:Capybara". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2 October 2014.

Physical cahracteristics

.........................................................................

Data are from non-domesticated animals where appropriate. No longer found in the wild Largest extant rodent Smallest extant rodent

Rodent habitat and ecology

Data are from non-domesticated animals where appropriate no longer found in the wild _buses burrows of other animals largest extant rodent smallest extant rodent

Table of responses

largest extant rodent

Cognition

Metacognition is the ability to think about thinking. It is an ability that was thought to be possesed only by primates until 2007. In a series of studies, scientists discovered that rats can consider their own learning and then make decisions based on what they do, or, do not know. The researchers put the rats through a series of tests where they could get a large treat for choosing a correct answer, get no treat for selecting an incorrect answer, or get a small treat if they declined to take the test. Remarkably, the rats tended to decline difficult tests (preferring to get a small treat instead of possibly nothing) but would take the risk on easier tests in the hope of getting a big reward. This showed that rats have some level of understanding of their own cognition and can make strategic decisions based on that knowledge. Similar tests on birds have been inconclusive.

Hippopotamus are eaten by humans in several cultures. Hippopotamus meat was commonly eaten by the Europeans in South Africa in the 19th Century.

Although it is illegal to poach hippo in the Congo, and the meat is described as "tough", it is a pricey delicacy and a three-ton hippo fetches thousands of dollars in village markets across the area.

The American Hippo Bill

In the U.S. in 1910, Louisiana Congressman Robert Broussard introduced the American Hippo bill, H.R. 23621, to authorize the importation and release hippopotamus into the bayous of Louisiana. Broussard argued that the hippopotamus would eat the invasive and destructive water hyacinth that was clogging the rivers of Louisiana, benefiting shipping, and also produce meat to solve another serious problem at the time, the American meat crisis. The chief collaborators and proponents of Broussard's bill were Major Frederick Russell Burnham, the celebrated American scout who became the inspiration for both Indiana Jones and the Boy Scouts, and Captain Fritz Duquense, a South African scout who later became a notorious spy for Germany and the leader of the Duquesne Spy Ring. Presenting before the U.S. Agricultural Committee, Burnham made the point that none of the animals that Americans ate, chickens, pigs, cows, sheep, lambs, were native to the U.S., all had been imported by European settlers centuries before, so why should Americans hesitate to introduce hippopotamus and other large animals into the American diet? Duquesne, who was born and raised in South Africa, further noted that European settlers on that continent commonly included hippopotamus, ostrich, antelope, and other African wildlife in their diets and suffered no ill effects. Former President Theodore Roosevelt backed the plan, as did the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Washington Post, and the New York Times which praised the taste of hippopotamus as “lake cow bacon”. The American Hippo bill fell just short of being passed.

Effects on populations

Along with habitat destruction, the poaching of hippopotamus is causing the population to crash and putting the species at risk of extinction. In modern times, wild hippopotamus meat is consumed for food in the Congo and has become a delicacy in parts of central Africa. In addition, hippopotamus teeth, which can grow over 60 centimetres long, have become a valued substitute for elephant ivory.

[[The Congo’s hippopotamus population is the world’s largest, however, it is being devastated by poaching. In 2005, only about 800 remain in Virunga National Park, down from 29,000 in the mid-1970s. Walter Dzeidzic of the World Wildlife Fund in Congo says the hippo may soon be extinct in the Central African nation.

Farming

As with the rhino, there are new proposals to establish hippopotamus ranching in Africa, similar to what was proposed in Congressman Broussard's hippo bill, as a means to save endangered species.

1. "AnAge: The animal ageing and longevity database". Human Ageing and Genomics Resources. Retrieved September 23, 2014.
2. "Rats capable of reflecting on mental processes". ScienceDaily. 2007. {{cite web}}: Text "August 13, 2014" ignored (help)
3. ^ "Taste for hippo meat threatens population". Associated Press. 2005. Retrieved May 11, 2014.
4. Miller, Greg (December 20, 2013). "The Crazy, Ingenious Plan to Bring Hippopotamus Ranching to America". Wired (magazine). ISSN 1059-1028.
5. ^ Mooallem, John (2013). American Hippopotamus. New York: The Atavist. Retrieved March 7, 2014.
6. ^ Eplett, Layla (March 27, 2014). "The Hunger Game Meat: How Hippos Nearly Invaded American Cuisine". Scientific American. ISSN 0036-8733.
7. Burnham, Frederick Russell (1944). Taking Chances. Los Angeles: Haynes Corp. p. 11–23. ISBN 1-879356-32-5.
8. ^ Pearce, Fred (2003). "Poaching causes hippo population crash". New Scientist. Retrieved April 26, 2014.
9. Spillane, Chris (July 24, 2013). "South Africa Considers Rhino Farming, Horn-Trading". Bloomberg.

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Mating means coming together or joining

In biology

• Mating, the reproductive behaviour of organisms
• Mating call, the mating calls of mammals

In engineering

• Engineering fit, the mating of mechanical components

In art and literature

• Mating (novel), the 1991 American novel
• Mating Call, the Jazz album by Tadd Dameron and John Coltrane

{{disambig}}

Eating live animals

The practice of eating live animals by humans is widespread and includes both vertebrate and invertebrate species.

Vertebrates

Fish

In Japan, Ikizukuri ("prepared alive") is the preparation of sashimi ("pierced food") made from live seafood. The most popular sea animal used in ikizukuri is fish but octopus, shrimp, and lobster may also be used. The fish is typically filleted without being killed and served while the heart is still beating and the mouth opening and closing. Sometimes the fish is temporarily returned to an aquarium to swim around and recover for a second course.

Another fish dish, popular in China, is called Ying Yang fish (also called dead-and-alive fish) in which the fish's body (but not the head) is rapidly deep-fried and served while the head is still fresh and moving. It is prepared extremely quickly, with care not to damage the internal organs, so that the fish can remain alive for thirty minutes.

Frog

Andrew Zimmern of the Travel Channel's "Bizarre Foods" ate frog sashimi. Though most of the frog is served dead (and raw), the meal begins by eating the frog's fresh, still-beating heart.

Invertebrates

Octopus

In Korea, Sannakji is the preparation of live octopus that has been cut into small pieces or prepared whole, and served with its arms still squirming. Sannakji connoisseurs enjoy more than just the taste of the fresh meat; they enjoy the sensation of the still-active suction cups on the octopus' arms as they stick to the mouth. Novices are advised to chew before swallowing to avoid the threat of being choked.

Sea urchin

Sea urchins are prized around the world for their fishy-flavoured roe and flesh. They are often eaten raw, such as in sushi (typically called "uni") and some people prefer to eat them immediately after they are cut open. Scissors are often used to avoid the protective spines whilst cutting the animal open.

Shrimp

In China, one common way that shrimp is prepared to be eaten alive is a dish called drunken shrimp. The shrimp, usually 10 animals per serving, are first doused in a strong liquor which makes them less likely to struggle while being swallowed and also creates a flavourful marinade. A plate is typically held over the bowl to prevent the shrimp from leaping out as they are much more active than when served as Adori ebi (see below).

Odori ebi ("dancing shrimp") is a type of Japanese sashimi that contains young shrimp, usually only one individual per serving. The shrimp has its shell removed and sometimes its head as well. These can be deep fried and served alongside the rest of the shrimp, which is still moving its legs and antennae while being eaten. The shrimp only dies when chewed.

Oyster

Oysters are the most common animal often eaten raw and alive. They are considered healthiest when eaten raw on the half shell.

Ant

A chain of restaurants serves a salad crawling with live ants. The ants are chilled so that they move slower, and are supposed to taste like lemongrass.

Larva

One example of eating live larvae is the witchetty grub of Australian aboriginal cuisine, which can be eaten alive and raw or cooked.

Casu marzu is a traditional Sardinian sheep milk cheese, notable for containing live insect larvae. It is found almost exclusively in Sardinia, Italy. Casu marzu goes beyond typical fermentation to a stage most would consider decomposition, brought about by the digestive action of the larvae of the cheese fly Piophila casei. These larvae are deliberately introduced to the cheese. The cheese received attention on Bizarre Foods with Andrew Zimmern. Zimmern described the taste of the cheese as "so ammoniated" that "...it scorches your tongue a bit." The cheese is known to leave an aftertaste for a duration of up to several hours. Similar milk cheeses notable for containing living insect larvae are produced in several Italian regions.

Louis Cole

A YouTube channel called "Food for Louis" shows videos of Louis Cole eating live animals. These include 21 live locusts, a large, live lizard from the Brazilian jungle, a live tarantula, live crayfish, live scorpion and live goldfish.

See also

• Eating live seafood
• Pain in animals
• Pain in invertebrates

References

1. http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article1928778.ece
2. ^ Nelson, B. "7 animals that are eaten alive by humans". mother nature network. Retrieved January 4, 2014.
3. ^ Griffen, S. (2013). "10 animals that people eat alive". Retrieved January 4, 2014.
4. Video "Bizarre Foods with Andrew Zimmern, Sardinia season 6"
5. Comuni italiani. "Cacie' punt". www.comuni-italiani.it. Retrieved 30 April 2011. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
6. Prodotti tipici. "Formaggio saltarello" (PDF). www.prodottitipici.com. prodottitipici.com. Retrieved 30 April 2011. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |month= (help)
7. Prodotti tipici. "Pecorino marcetto" (PDF). www.prodottitipici.com. prodottitipici.com. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
8. Tring, O. (2012). "The man who eats live animals". theguardian. Retrieved Jamuary 4, 2014. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

Behavioural thermoregulation in animals

Behavioural thermoregulation is the process whereby animals use behavioural stratagies to maintain body temperatures within certain limits.

Endotherms

Maximising heat gain

Minimising heat gain

Maximising heat loss

Minimising heat loss

Ectotherms

Maximising heat gain

Minimising heat gain

Maximising heat loss

Minimising heat loss

Universities Federation for Animal Welfare

The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) is an independent registered charity that works to develop and promote improvements in the welfare of all animals through scientific and educational activity worldwide.

In promoting and supporting this scientific approach to improving welfare, UFAW's work is wide-ranging and undertaken with many other organisations and individuals - enlisting and informing animal keepers, scientists, veterinarians, lawyers and others who care about animals.

History

UFAW’s history can be traced to the founding in 1926 of the University of London Animal Welfare Society (ULAWS) by Major Charles Hume. The name was changed to the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare in 1938, reflecting the increasingly wide range of people and institutions involved.

Pioneering publications

Ethical animal experimentation: In 1959, the culmination of the work by William Russell and Rex Burch at UFAW was published in The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, a revolutionary groundbreaking book which introduced for the first time, the concept of the Three Rs in biomedical research, i.e. Replacement of the use of sentient animals where possible, Reduction of the number used to the minimum necessary to achieve the objective, and Refinement of care and techniques to minimise the risks of harm to welfare. Application of the Three Rs is now required by regulatory authorities in many countries.

Hare coursing: Until the 1970s, there was a dearth of scientific evidence on the welfare impact of hare coursing. The first thorough study was carried out in 1977–1979 by UFAW.

Scientific journal: UFAW publishes the quarterly, peer-reviewed, scientific journal "Animal Welfare".

The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Farm Animals was first published in 1971 and in 2013 reached its fourth edition.

The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory and other Research Animals was first published in 1947 and reached its eight edition in 2010.

External links

For a list of UFAW publications, see here.

References

1. Kirkwood, J. (2000). "Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, Submission to the Burns Inquiry". Defra. Retrieved 2008-04-10.

End here

Ethology
Branches of EthologyAnimal cognition · Animal communication · Animal culture · Animal emotions · Animal welfare science · Anthrozoology · Behavioural ecology · Cognitive ecology · Instinct · Learning · Neuroethology · Sociobiology
Notable EthologistsPatrick Bateson · Charles Darwin · Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt · Dian Fossey · Karl von Frisch · Jane Goodall · Konrad Lorenz · Desmond Morris · William Homan Thorpe · Nikolaas Tinbergen · E.O. Wilson
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