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United States presidential election, 2016

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The electoral map for the 2016 election, based on populations from the 2010 census

Incumbent President Barack Obama Democratic

2016 U.S. presidential election
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v t e

The United States presidential election of 2016 is expected to be held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. It will be the 58th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters in the election will select presidential electors who in turn will elect a new President and Vice President of the United States. The incumbent president, Barack Obama, is ineligible to be elected to a third term due to term limits in the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Background

Article Two of the United States Constitution provides that for a person to be elected and serve as President of the United States, the individual must be a natural-born citizen of the United States, at least 35 years old, and a resident of the United States for a period of no less than 14 years. Candidates for the presidency typically seek the nomination of one of the various political parties of the United States, in which case each party devises a method (such as a primary election) to choose the candidate the party deems best suited to run for the position. The party's delegates then officially nominate a candidate to run on the party's behalf.

Democrat Barack Obama, a former U.S. Senator from Illinois, is due to complete his second and final term in office on January 20, 2017. In the United States presidential election, 2008, Obama defeated Republican Senator John McCain from Arizona, receiving 52.9% of the popular vote and 68% of the electoral vote. He was reelected in the 2012 election, defeating former Governor of Massachusetts Mitt Romney with 51.1% of the popular vote and 62% of the electoral vote. Obama is not eligible to seek reelection to a third term due to restrictions set by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution. During his second term, President Obama's approval ratings have been listed by Gallup as between 40 and 50 percent. His approval reading is widely seen as an indicator for how well the Democratic Party will do in the 2016 election.

In the United States elections for the Senate and House in 2012, Republicans retained their majority of seats in the House of Representatives despite minor losses while Democrats increased their majority in the Senate. Subsequently, in the 2014 midterm elections, the Republicans won a majority of seats in both Houses of Congress, increasing their majority in the House and gaining a majority in the Senate.

Declared and potential candidates

Democratic Party

Declared

Individuals included in this section have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy for the presidential nomination the Democratic Party; filed as a Democratic presidential candidate with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) (for other than exploratory purposes). Candidates are listed alphabetically by surname.

Candidates featured in major polls

The candidates included in this section meet one or both of the following benchmarks: having been listed in five or more major independent nationwide polls; having held office as the head of a cabinet-level Department, as a member of the United States Senate, as a member of the House Leadership, as a Governor, former or incumbent Vice-President, or incumbent President.

• Lincoln Chafee, Governor of Rhode Island 2011–2015; U.S. Senator from Rhode Island 1999–2007
• Hillary Clinton, U.S. Secretary of State 2009–2013; U.S. Senator from New York 2001–2009; presidential candidate in 2008; First Lady of the United States 1993–2001
• Martin O'Malley, Governor of Maryland 2007–2015; Mayor of Baltimore 1999–2007
• Bernie Sanders, U.S. Senator from Vermont since 2007; U.S. Representative 1991–2007; Mayor of Burlington 1981–1989

• Former Governor
  Lincoln Chafee
  of Rhode Island
  (campaign)
• Former Secretary of State
  Hillary Clinton
  of New York
  (campaign)
• Former Governor
  Martin O'Malley
  of Maryland
  (campaign)
• U.S. Senator
  Bernie Sanders
  of Vermont
  (campaign)

Other candidates

The following notable individuals have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy; filed as a candidate with FEC.

• Jeff Boss, 9/11 Truther and perennial candidate from New Jersey
• Robby Wells, Reform Party and Constitution Party presidential candidate in 2012 from North Carolina
• Willie Wilson, businessman and 2015 Chicago mayoral candidate from Illinois

Formally exploring a candidacy

The individuals listed below have been identified by reliable media sources as potential candidates for president in 2016. The individual listed under "Formally exploring a candidacy" has taken formal action(s) – such as the formation of an exploratory committee, political action committee (PAC), or a 527 organization – to build the groundwork for a possible presidential campaign. As of June 2015, all others have been the focus of media speculation in reliable secondary sources within the past three months. They are listed alphabetically by surname.

• Jim Webb, U.S. Senator from Virginia 2007–2013; U.S. Secretary of the Navy 1987–1988; formed an exploratory committee

Publicly expressed interest

• Joe Biden, Vice President of the United States since 2009; U.S. Senator from Delaware 1973–2009; presidential candidate in 1988 and 2008

Republican Party

Declared

Individuals included in this section have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy for the presidential nomination of the Republican Party; filed as a Republican presidential candidate with the Federal Election Commission (FEC) (for other than exploratory purposes). Candidates are listed alphabetically by surname.

Candidates featured in major polls

Candidates included in this section meet one or both of the following benchmarks: having been listed in five or more major independent nationwide polls; having held office as the head of a cabinet-level Department, as a member of the United States Senate, as a member of the House Leadership, as a Governor, former Vice-President, or incumbent President.

• Jeb Bush, Governor of Florida 1999–2007; Florida Secretary of Commerce 1987–1988
• Ben Carson, former Director of Pediatric Neurosurgery for Johns Hopkins Hospital
• Ted Cruz, U.S. Senator from Texas since 2013; Solicitor General of Texas 2003–2008
• Carly Fiorina, former Hewlett-Packard CEO 1999–2005; California Senate nominee in 2010
• Lindsey Graham, U.S. Senator from South Carolina since 2003; U.S. Representative from South Carolina 1995–2003
• Mike Huckabee, Governor of Arkansas 1996–2007; presidential candidate in 2008; former television host
• George Pataki, Governor of New York 1995–2006
• Rand Paul, U.S. Senator from Kentucky since 2011
• Rick Perry, Governor of Texas 2000–2015, Lieutenant Governor 1999–2000, Commissioner of Agriculture, 1991–1999
• Marco Rubio, U.S. Senator from Florida since 2011; Speaker of the Florida House 2007–2009
• Rick Santorum, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania 1995–2007; U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania 1991–1995; presidential candidate in 2012
• Donald Trump, Business magnate; Chairman of The Trump Organization since 1971

• Former Governor
  Jeb Bush
  of Florida
  (campaign)
• Neurosurgeon
  Ben Carson
  of Maryland
  (campaign)
• U.S. Senator
  Ted Cruz
  of Texas
  (campaign)
• Businesswoman
  Carly Fiorina
  of Virginia
  (campaign)
• U.S. Senator
  Lindsey Graham
  of South Carolina
  (campaign)
• Former Governor
  Mike Huckabee
  of Arkansas
  (campaign)
• Former Governor
  George Pataki
  of New York
  (campaign)
• U.S. Senator
  Rand Paul
  of Kentucky
  (campaign)
• Former Governor
  Rick Perry
  of Texas
  (campaign)
• U.S. Senator
  Marco Rubio
  of Florida
  (campaign)
• Former U.S. Senator
  Rick Santorum
  of Pennsylvania
  (campaign)
• Businessman
  Donald Trump
  of New York
  (campaign)

Other candidates

The following notable individuals have taken one or both of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy; filed as a candidate with FEC.

• Mark Everson, former Commissioner of Internal Revenue, former President of the American Red Cross from Mississippi
• Jack Fellure, retired engineer from West Virginia; 2012 Prohibition Party presidential nominee

Announcements impending

The individual listed below has scheduled an event during which he is expected to make an announcement regarding a potential presidential bid.

• Bobby Jindal, Governor of Louisiana since 2008; U.S. Representative from Louisiana 2005–2008; announcement expected on June 24

Formally exploring a candidacy

The individuals listed below have been identified by reliable media sources as potential candidates for president in 2016. The individuals listed under "Formally exploring a candidacy" have taken formal action(s) – such as the formation of an exploratory committee, political action committee (PAC), or a 527 organization – to build the groundwork for a possible presidential campaign. As of June 2015, all others have been the focus of media speculation in reliable secondary sources within the past three months. They are listed alphabetically by surname.

• Chris Christie, Governor of New Jersey since 2010; formed a PAC
• John Kasich, Governor of Ohio since 2011; U.S. Representative from Ohio 1983–2001; formed a 527 organization
• Scott Walker, Governor of Wisconsin since 2011; formed a 527 organization

Publicly expressed interest

• Bob Ehrlich, Governor of Maryland 2003–2007; U.S. Representative from Maryland 1995–2003
• Jim Gilmore, Governor of Virginia 1998–2002; Chairman of the Republican National Committee 2001–2002; presidential candidate in 2008
• Peter King, U.S. Representative from New York since 1993

Independent and third party candidates

Declared

Individuals included in this section have taken one or more of the following actions: formally announced their candidacy for the presidential nomination of a minor party; formally announced intention to run as an independent candidate; filed as a minor party or non-affiliated candidate with the FEC (for other than exploratory purposes). Candidates are listed alphabetically by surname.

• Roseanne Barr, entertainer from Hawaii, Peace and Freedom Party
• Zoltan Istvan, futurist, writer, transhumanist philosopher from California; founder of the Transhumanist Party
• Terry Jones, pastor for Dove World Outreach Center from Florida; presidential candidate in 2012, independent candidate
• Juaquin James Malphurs (Waka Flocka Flame), rap artist from Georgia (Constitutionally ineligible – under age 35)
• Robert David Steele, activist and author, Libertarian Party
• Vermin Supreme, performance artist and perennial candidate from Massachusetts

Announcement impending

The individual listed below has scheduled an event during which he is expected to make an announcement regarding a potential presidential bid.

• Dan Bilzerian, Internet personality; announcement expected June 24

Constitution Party

Ballot Access: Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, Oregon, South Carolina, Utah, Wisconsin, Wyoming – (115 Electoral Votes)

Potential

• Steve Stockman, U.S. Representative from Texas 1995–1997, 2013–2015; candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2014

Green Party

Ballot Access: Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Delaware, Washington D.C., Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, West Virginia, Wisconsin – (296 Electoral Votes)

Formally exploring a candidacy

• Darryl Cherney, musician and environmental activist from California; formed an exploratory committee
• Jill Stein, 2012 presidential nominee from Massachusetts; formed an exploratory committee

Publicly expressed interest

• Rosa Clemente, activist, journalist, and 2008 Green Party vice presidential nominee from New York.

Libertarian Party

Ballot Access: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming – (366 Electoral Votes)

Publicly expressed interest

• Gary Johnson, Governor of New Mexico 1995–2003; presidential nominee in 2012
• Jesse Ventura, Governor of Minnesota 1999–2003

Potential battleground states

In every state except Maine and Nebraska, the winner of the popular vote in the state wins all of the electoral votes of the state (although state legislatures can, by law, change how votes are allocated). Recent presidential campaigns have generally focused their resources on a relatively small number of competitive states. Potential battleground states include Nevada, Colorado, Iowa, Wisconsin, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Virginia, North Carolina, and Florida. Democrats have discussed targeting Arizona, Georgia, and Texas as potentially competitive states. Meanwhile, Republicans may also target Minnesota and New Jersey. Other states may also become competitive if the close races of 2016 differ from the close races of the 2012 election, or if 2016 becomes a landslide election. Both major parties might decide to target the home states of their nominees or that of their running mates if they are from a swing state or have high favorability in the state or region.

Party conventions

Libertarian Party

• May 26–30, 2016: Libertarian National Convention to be held in Orlando, Florida.

Republican Party

• July 18–21, 2016: Republican National Convention to be held in Cleveland, Ohio.

Democratic Party

• July 25–28, 2016: Democratic National Convention to be held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Debates

On April 1, 2015, the Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD) announced that each of the following 16 locations are under consideration to host one of the three presidential debates and one vice presidential debate:

• Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee
• Birmingham, Alabama
• Dominican University of California in San Rafael, California
• Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond, Kentucky
• Georgia College & State University in Milledgeville, Georgia
• Hofstra University in Hempstead, New York
• Jacksonville University in Jacksonville, Florida
• Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia
• State University of New York Rockland Community College in Suffern, New York
• University of Nevada, Las Vegas
• Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
• West Virginia University and West Virginia State University in Charleston, West Virginia
• Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio
• Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas
• Houston Community College in Houston, Texas
• McAllen, Texas

The three locations which will host the presidential debates, and the one location selected to host the vice presidential debate, are to be announced by the CPD in the fall of 2015.

Polling

General election polling

• Nationwide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2016
• Statewide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2016

Democratic primary polling

• Nationwide opinion polling for the Democratic Party 2016 presidential primaries
• Statewide opinion polling for the Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2016

Republican primary polling

• Nationwide opinion polling for the Republican Party 2016 presidential primaries
• Statewide opinion polling for the Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016

See also

• United States Senate elections, 2016
• United States House of Representatives elections, 2016
• United States gubernatorial elections, 2016

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External links

• Template:Dmoz
• 2016 Presidential Form 2 Filers at the Federal Election Commission (FEC)

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