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| However, critics of Scientology have alleged that Hubbard also used it in apparently non-humorous contexts. On March 6, 1968, Hubbard issued an internal memo titled "RACKET EXPOSED," in which he denounced twelve people (Peter Goodwin, Jim Stathis, Peter Knight, Mrs. Knight, Nora Goodwin, Ron Frost, Margaret Frost, Nina Collingwood, Freda Gaiman, Frank Manley, Mary Ann Taylor, and George Wateridge) as "Enemies of mankind, the planet and all life," and ordered that "Any ] member contacting any of them is to use Auditing Process R2-45."<ref name="Wallis">{{cite book | last = Wallis | first = Roy | year = 1976 | title = ] | publisher = Columbia University Press | location = New York | isbn = 0-231-04200-0}}</ref><!--p. 154--> Former Scientologist ] wrote that in late 1967 at ], he personally received a copy of an order naming four former Scientologists as enemies and "]" and ordering any Sea Org member who encountered them to use R2-45.<ref>{{cite book | author = Bent Corydon|author2=L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. |authorlink2=Ronald DeWolf | year = 1987 | title = L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman? | publisher = Lyle Stuart | location = Secaucus, New Jersey | isbn = 0-8184-0444-2}} Convenience link at http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/mom/Messiah_or_Madman.txt .</ref><!--p. 337-8--> | However, critics of Scientology have alleged that Hubbard also used it in apparently non-humorous contexts. On March 6, 1968, Hubbard issued an internal memo titled "RACKET EXPOSED," in which he denounced twelve people (Peter Goodwin, Jim Stathis, Peter Knight, Mrs. Knight, Nora Goodwin, Ron Frost, Margaret Frost, Nina Collingwood, Freda Gaiman, Frank Manley, Mary Ann Taylor, and George Wateridge) as "Enemies of mankind, the planet and all life," and ordered that "Any ] member contacting any of them is to use Auditing Process R2-45."<ref name="Wallis">{{cite book | last = Wallis | first = Roy | year = 1976 | title = ] | publisher = Columbia University Press | location = New York | isbn = 0-231-04200-0}}</ref><!--p. 154--> Former Scientologist ] wrote that in late 1967 at ], he personally received a copy of an order naming four former Scientologists as enemies and "]" and ordering any Sea Org member who encountered them to use R2-45.<ref>{{cite book | author = Bent Corydon|author2=L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. |authorlink2=Ronald DeWolf | year = 1987 | title = L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman? | publisher = Lyle Stuart | location = Secaucus, New Jersey | isbn = 0-8184-0444-2}} Convenience link at http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/mom/Messiah_or_Madman.txt .</ref><!--p. 337-8--> | ||
| In 2009, ] published an audio clip purporting to be an excerpt from a Hubbard lecture discussing R2-45.<ref name="wikileaks.org">https://wikileaks.org/Scientology_cult_recording:_R2-45_is_the_act_of_shooting_a_person_with_a_firearm,_20_Nov_1959</ref> In that recording, reportedly from a lecture given on November 20, 1959, Hubbard explains "I can make a Clear out of almost anybody under these circumstances. And even the cops or gangsters could make a Clear out of anybody over these circumstances by taking a Webley 38 or Smith & Wesson, or Colt or something like that and doing R2-45. That exteriorizes almost anybody."<ref name="wikileaks.org"/> | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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R2-45 is an alleged Scientology auditing process created by L. Ron Hubbard. The process of R2-45 allegedly refers to the use of a firearm (such as a "Colt 45") to shoot and kill the victim, causing the victim's soul ("thetan") to leave the body ("exteriorization"). Stewart Lamont has claimed that in 1952 during a meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, Hubbard explained the process of R2-45, during which he fired a shot at the floor.
R2-45: AN ENORMOUSLY EFFECTIVE PROCESS FOR EXTERIORIZATION BUT ITS USE IS FROWNED UPON BY THIS SOCIETY AT THIS TIME.
— L. Ron Hubbard, The Creation of Human Ability
(all caps as in the original)
Representatives of the Church of Scientology have stated that "R2-45" was a joke Hubbard had written in his book, The Creation of Human Ability.
However, critics of Scientology have alleged that Hubbard also used it in apparently non-humorous contexts. On March 6, 1968, Hubbard issued an internal memo titled "RACKET EXPOSED," in which he denounced twelve people (Peter Goodwin, Jim Stathis, Peter Knight, Mrs. Knight, Nora Goodwin, Ron Frost, Margaret Frost, Nina Collingwood, Freda Gaiman, Frank Manley, Mary Ann Taylor, and George Wateridge) as "Enemies of mankind, the planet and all life," and ordered that "Any Sea Org member contacting any of them is to use Auditing Process R2-45." Former Scientologist Bent Corydon wrote that in late 1967 at Saint Hill, he personally received a copy of an order naming four former Scientologists as enemies and "fair game" and ordering any Sea Org member who encountered them to use R2-45.
See also
References
- Lamont, Stewart (1986). Religion Inc. : the Church of Scientology. London: Harrap. p. 25. ISBN 9780245543340.
- Wakefield, Margery (2009). Understanding Scientology : the demon cult. Raleigh, N.C.: Lulu. p. 251. ISBN 9780557109265. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
- Lamont, Stewart (1986). "1. L. Ron Hubbard: Guru, God or Demon?". Religion Inc. London: Harrap Ltd. p. 192. ISBN 0-245-54334-1.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Hubbard, L. Ron (1954). The Creation of Human Ability. pg 120.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Robert Rawitch, Robert Gillette (1978-08-28). "Scientology Critics Assail Aggressiveness of Church". Los Angeles Times.
A number of former Scientologists who are now critics of the church assert that R2-45 is meant to authorize killing its antagonists with a .45-calibre pistol. Church spokesman Jeffrey Dubron, of the principal American Church of Scientology in Los Angeles, says "it was only a joke."
See official online archive. - "A Sci-Fi Faith". TIME. 1976-04-05. Retrieved 2007-01-01.
Hubbard once spoke darkly of handling enemies via "Auditing Process R2-45," meaning a .45 bullet through the head, but this was just a joke, say his followers, and there are no accusations of any such terminal excommunications.
- Wallis, Roy (1976). The Road to Total Freedom. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04200-0.
- Bent Corydon; L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. (1987). L. Ron Hubbard: Messiah or Madman?. Secaucus, New Jersey: Lyle Stuart. ISBN 0-8184-0444-2. Convenience link at http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/mom/Messiah_or_Madman.txt .
External links
- Auditing Process R2-45: Did Hubbard order murders? at Xenu-Directory, a Scientology Critical Information Directory.