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| {{Infobox_President | name=Vicente Fox Quesada | {{Infobox_President | name=Vicente Fox Quesada | ||
| | nationality=Mexican | | nationality=Mexican | ||
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| ==Personal life== | ==Personal life== | ||
| ===Early life=== | |||
| Vicente Fox was born in ] on ], ], the second of nine children in his family. His father was Jose Luis Fox and his mother was Mercedes Quesada. As a young child his family moved to ] in ] where he spent his childhood and his adolescence. He moved back to Mexico City to attend the ] where he got a Business degree. He also attended seminars Business Management put on by the ]. In 1964, he went to work for ] where he started as a route supervisor and drove a delivery truck. He rose in the company to become supervisor of Coca-Cola's operations in Mexico, and then in all of ]. After this work experience, he returned to Guanajuato to participate in social and political activities. Inspired by ], he decided to join the ] in the 80s. He was a ] representing Guanajuato in 1988, and he later ran for ] twice. The first time was in 1991, where he failed, and in 1995 he won by a sizable majority. In 2000 he ran for ] as candidate of the ].<ref>http://www.presidencia.gob.mx/vicentefox/?contenido=15063</ref> | |||
| ===Marriage=== | |||
| Vicente Fox had his second marriage while in office. On ], ], he married ], who had been his PR advisor. <ref>http://www.presidencia.gob.mx/actividades/comunicados/?contenido=1340</ref> For both, this was their second marriage, and the subject of a divorcee remarrying, particularly in the case of Martha Sahagún, stirred the mainly catholic population of Mexico. <ref>http://www.lacrisis.com.mx/cgi-bin/cris-cgi/DisComuni.cgi?colum06%7C20030513020201</ref> | |||
| ==Presidency== | ==Presidency== | ||
| {{Christian Democracy}} | {{Christian Democracy}} | ||
| ===Relations with Congress=== | ===Relations with Congress=== | ||
| In his last annual state of the union address in ], President Fox was prevented by |
In his last annual state of the union address in ], President Fox was prevented by leftist lawmakers from delivering his speech. He gave a televised address to the nation.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/americas/09/01/mexico.protest.ap/index.html</ref> | ||
| ===Relations with Latin American countries=== | ===Relations with Latin American countries=== | ||
| Vicente Fox had several controversies with ]n countries such as with president of ], ] related to the ] during the 2005 ], with the president of ] regarding the new ] <sup> </sup> and president of ], ], about his presumed support for the U.S. president ]. | Vicente Fox had several controversies with ]n countries such as with president of ], ] related to the ] during the 2005 ], with the president of ] regarding the new ] <sup> </sup> and president of ], ], about his presumed support for the U.S. president ]. | ||
| ⚫ | ==Legacy== | ||
| The most important controversy Fox had was during a ] summit in ], called the ]. During the summit, ] President ] declared that Fox had asked him to leave the city before ] ] arrived. The incident stirred a great controversy in Mexico, particularly with the oppostion. Fox denied asking Castro to leave, and then the Cuban President released a recording of Fox asking him to leave.<ref>http://www.todito.com/paginas/noticias/79583.html</ref> The incident was interpreted by some as Castro setting "a trap" against Fox, and impacted negatively in the credibility of both heads of state. <REF>http://www.todito.com/paginas/noticias/79738.html</ref> | |||
| ⚫ | ==Legacy== |
||
| ===Economy=== | |||
| President Vicente Fox has favoured a contractionist economic policy that favors financial stability over inflationary growth. <ref>http://www.esmas.com/noticierostelevisa/mexico/562444.html</ref> | |||
| President Fox produced the lowest inflation in three decades, which was also single-digit. This is a great achievement considering that just a few years prior the country suffered from ] <ref>http://mx.news.yahoo.com/s/060902/7/1vc16.html</ref> | |||
| Critics, particularly from the left, argue that Fox's policies produced a net loss of jobs (180,000 jobs lost from 2000 to 2005) <ref>http://estadis.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/129217.html</ref>. | |||
| However, other areas of the economy have been positive. His inflation control has been praised. President Fox has delivered the lowest, single digit, inflation in decades. In the 1980s, Mexico had suffered of ], and since 1993 the inflation rate had usually been double-digit, but since Fox the inflation has been of 4% in average. This has been achieved through control in government spending and a contractionary policy that is heavily critiziced. However, it has created a stability in prices and investor confidence that has resulted in record-highs in the ] <ref>http://yahoo.reuters.com/stocks/QuoteCompanyNewsArticle.aspx?storyID=urn:newsml:reuters.com:20060503:MTFH72603_2006-05-03_20-37-32_N03184230&symbol=.MXX&rpc=44</ref>. | |||
| Another achievement is his program "Oportunidades", a federally funded social assistanceship program. Representatives from other nations have inspected the program with plans to replicate it in their countries.<ref>http://mx.news.yahoo.com/s/060901/7/1va4g.html</ref> | |||
| Because of the stability that his inflation policy provides, President Fox has, incorrectly, called his economic policy "growth with stability". This was a policy of Mexican presidents between ] and ] where they achieved economic growth of approximately 6% <ref>http://www.itcomitan.edu.mx/tutoriales/esmexico/UNIDAD2.htm</ref>. However, such policies included a strong control of the exchange rate through direct government intervention, internal market orientation (instead of open market globalization), and heavy investment in government owned companies. Because of this, Fox's economic policies do not qualify as "growth with stability". | |||
| Poverty has decreased dramatically during President Vicente Fox's government. Income has grown from ] to ] an average 26% <ref>http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/rutinas/ept.asp?t=ming04&c=3316</ref>. | |||
| Near the end of his Presidency, analysts agree that, in general, the economy of Mexico is solid. However, it is clear that many structural reforms are necessary for the country to grow at a larger pace. <ref>http://www.milenio.com/mexico/milenio/nota.asp?id=431847</ref> | |||
| ===Health=== | |||
| Another creation of the Fox administration is the national system of medical insurance (''Seguro Popular'', "People's Insurance") covering families, consisting mostly of self-employed and part-time workers, left out of existing systems. For a small fee calculated against their socio-economical level a whole family can be insured against common maladies and events like pregnancies. Initially criticized for giving only a limited coverage and requiring a fee (though all government insurance schemes require one), it is the first that addressed a long-forgotten part of the population. Some time later its coverage was expanded to include ] and ] for vulnerable groups (children and ]s). <ref>http://mx.news.yahoo.com/s/060809/7/1udqe.html</ref> | |||
| ===Law enforcement=== | |||
| Also, more than 103,000 persons related to ] and ]s' activities have been imprisoned during Fox's administration. The amount represents several times the number of detainees imprisoned during at least two previous presidential periods. <ref>http://www.lacronica.com/edicionenlinea/notas/Noticias/20060902/131560.asp</ref> However, several dangerous prisoners have escaped, such as ] former leader of the ]. Moreover, some Northern states, like ] and ], are in the middle of a crime war. Analysts concur in pointing that this crime war is a result of criminal rings reacting to the efficiency of the government in detaining organized criminals. The President has responded by instituting a program called "México Seguro" (Secure Mexico), which has allowed to detain over 11,000 criminals. <ref>http://www.milenio.com/mexico/milenio/nota.asp?id=431686</ref> | |||
| In 2006 the government attempted to find a way to decriminalize possession of small quantities of illicit drugs, including ], ], and ], while stiffening penalties for dealing. The president's spokesman said that the law "allows better action and better coordination in the fight against drug dealing." <ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060502/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/mexico_drugs</ref> <ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20060504/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/mexico_drugs</ref> However, Fox sent the legislation back, asking that the decriminalization be removed. <ref>http://www.miami.com/mld/miamiherald/news/14505486.htm</ref> | |||
| ===Foreign policy=== | ===Foreign policy=== | ||
| ], Fox and ]'s Prime Minister ] stand in front of the ] archaeological ruins, March 2006.]] |
], Fox and ]'s Prime Minister ] stand in front of the ] archaeological ruins, March 2006.]] | ||
| Before Vicente Fox, Mexico had a Foreign Policy "doctrine" known as the ''Doctrina Estrada'' (Estrada Doctrine, so named after its creator, ]). The Doctrina Estrada was a foreign policy directorate that favored an enclosed view of sovereignty. It claimed that foreign governments should not judge, for good or bad, governments or changes in governments in other nations, because it would imply a breach to its sovereignty. <ref>http://sepiensa.org.mx/contenidos/h_mexicanas/s.xx/estrada/estrada1.htm</ref> | |||
| President Fox appointed intellectual ] to be his ]. Castañeda immediately broke with the Estrada Doctrine, promoting what was called by critics the "Castañeda Doctrine", which called for more participation and openess in Foreign Affairs. <ref>http://mx.geocities.com/cencoalt/110901/doctrina.htm</ref> | |||
| Indeed, during Fox's administration, Mexico promoted free trade around the world. In 2002, the ], a major international reference point for Financing Development, was adopted by the ].<ref>http://www.todito.com/paginas/noticias/75505.html</ref> | |||
| Mexico actively sought (and gained) one of the rotating seats on the ].<ref>http://www.doctorraulcarrancayrivas.com/030327.htm</ref> | |||
| The ] has become a centerpiece of Mexican foreign policy with the United States. He requested the U.S. to create a ] that according to Fox would provide increased security to the USA. "The best thing that can happen to both our countries is to have an orderly flow, a controlled flow, of migration to the United States."<ref>http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/mexico/stories/DN-mexicofox_30int.ART.State.Edition2.e950034.html</ref> | The ] has become a centerpiece of Mexican foreign policy with the United States. He requested the U.S. to create a ] that according to Fox would provide increased security to the USA. "The best thing that can happen to both our countries is to have an orderly flow, a controlled flow, of migration to the United States."<ref>http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/mexico/stories/DN-mexicofox_30int.ART.State.Edition2.e950034.html</ref> | ||
Revision as of 01:52, 8 September 2006
| Vicente Fox Quesada | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 72nd President of Mexico | |
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office December 1, 2000 | |
| Preceded by | Ernesto Zedillo |
| Succeeded by | Felipe Calderón Hinojosa |
| Personal details | |
| Born | July 2, 1942 Mexico City |
| Political party | National Action Party |
| Spouse | Marta Sahagún |
Vicente Fox Quesada (born July 2, 1942) is the current President of Mexico. He was elected in the 2000 presidential election, a historically significant election that made him the first president elected from an opposition party since Francisco Madero in 1910. His current term runs through 2006.
According to Enrique Andrade, a Mexico City-based attorney and business consultant, during Fox's presidency annual inflation was consistently under 10%, the peso's devaluation to the United States Dollar was unsubstantial, and central bank reserves were significant.
Andrade also credited the Fox administration with increasing respect for freedom of speech, as well as access to public information
Personal life
Presidency
Relations with Congress
In his last annual state of the union address in 2006, President Fox was prevented by leftist lawmakers from delivering his speech. He gave a televised address to the nation.
Relations with Latin American countries
Vicente Fox had several controversies with Latin American countries such as with president of Argentina, Néstor Kirchner related to the FTAA during the 2005 Mar del Plata Summit of the Americas, with the president of Chile regarding the new OAS Secretary General election, 2005 and president of Venezuela, Hugo Chávez, about his presumed support for the U.S. president George W. Bush.
Legacy
Foreign policy
The border migration policy has become a centerpiece of Mexican foreign policy with the United States. He requested the U.S. to create a Guest Worker Plan that according to Fox would provide increased security to the USA. "The best thing that can happen to both our countries is to have an orderly flow, a controlled flow, of migration to the United States."
Controversial comments
In May 2005, a controversy arose over comments Fox made during a news interview in which he said, "There is no doubt that Mexicans, filled with dignity, willingness and ability to work are doing jobs that not even blacks want to do there in the United States". This angered many African-Americans in the United States, prompting many black leaders to demand an apology from Fox. The Reverend Al Sharpton requested a formal apology from Fox to the African-American community and called for an economic boycott of Mexican products until an apology was received; he and many African Americans felt that Fox's comments were insensitive and racist. The Reverend Jesse Jackson, during a news conference concerning Fox's statement about African-Americans, said that he felt that the comments were, "unwitting, unnecessary and inappropriate" and added that " statement had the impact of being inciting and divisive".
| Preceded byErnesto Zedillo Ponce de León | President of Mexico 2000–2006 |
Succeeded byFelipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa |
| Preceded byCarlos Medina Plascencia (interim) | Governor of Guanajuato 1995–2000 |
Succeeded byRamón Martín Huerta (substitute) |
| Preceded byDiego Fernández de Cevallos | PAN presidential candidate 2000 (won) |
Succeeded byFelipe de Jesús Calderón Hinojosa |
See also
Notes
- See Iberian naming customs for an explanation on the use of his name
- http://www.mexidata.info/id1022.html Third Paragraph
- http://www.mexidata.info/id1022.html Sixth Paragraph
- http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/americas/09/01/mexico.protest.ap/index.html
- http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/mexico/stories/DN-mexicofox_30int.ART.State.Edition2.e950034.html
- http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/05/14/fox.jackson/
- http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/373197.html
External links
- Template:Es icon Personal site
- Template:Es icon Office of the President of Mexico site
- Template:En icon CNN: Mexican leader criticized for comment on blacks