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{{Infobox Celebrity | |||
| name = Bill Gates | |||
| image = <!-- NOTE TO EDITORS: Do not replace Billgates.jpg unless it is with a photo under a public domain or free license (meaning NOT fair use). Any fair use photos (i.e. "promotional photos") are copyright violations and will be deleted. Also see ] -->Bill Gates 2004 cr.jpg | |||
| caption = | |||
| birth_date = ] ] | |||
| birth_place = ], ] i am hella gay | |||
| death_date = | |||
| death_place = | |||
| occupation = ], ] | |||
| salary = ]1 million<!--this is the correct style for money--><ref>Year 2005 compensation: salary $600,000, bonus $400,000. From Microsoft's </ref> | |||
| networth = {{gain}}7.5% to US$50.0 billion (2006)<ref name=networth>Net worth: from , dated ] ].</ref> | |||
| spouse = ] | |||
| website = | |||
| footnotes = | |||
| children = 3 | |||
}} | |||
{{dablink|This article is about one of the founders of Microsoft. For other people or uses, see ].}} | |||
<!-- Do not add "KBE" to this name - see talk page for reasons why --> | |||
'''William Henry "Bill" Gates III''' (born ] ] in ]) is the co-founder, ], former ], and former ] of ]. He is also the founder of ], a ] archiving company. '']'' magazine's ] list has ranked him as the richest person in the world for the last twelve consecutive years. According to the '']'' ] ], Bill Gates's current net worth is approximately $50 billion. When family wealth is considered, ] ranks second behind the ].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/section/0,,29049,00.html | title=The 100 Richest In The World | work=Times Online | date=April 22, 2006 | publisher=Times Newspapers}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,20589-2132606,00.html | title=Sunday Times Rich List - Rules of engagement | work=Times Online | date=April 26, 2006 | publisher=Times Newspapers}}</ref> | |||
Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the ] revolution. He is widely respected for his foresight and ambition.<ref>. BBC News. April 22, 2006</ref><ref>Baldauf, Scott. . Christian Science Monitor. November 14, 2002</ref> He is also frequently criticized as having built Microsoft through unfair or unlawful business practices. Since amassing his fortune, Gates has pursued a number of ] endeavors, donating large amounts of money (about 52% of his total fortune) to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the ], founded in 2000. On June 16, 2006, Bill Gates announced that he would move to a part-time role with Microsoft (leaving day-to-day operations management) in 2008 to begin a career in ], but will remain as ]; the announcement coincided with decisions by billionaire ] to double the ], matching contributions $1.5 billion in stock per year for 20 years.<ref>NPR: "Buffett Gift Sends $31 Billion to Gates Foundation," NPR ''All Things Considered'', 26-June-2006, webpage: .</ref> | |||
Bill Gates, his wife ] and ]'s lead singer ] were collectively named by '']'' as the 2005 ] for their humanitarian efforts. That same year he was made an honorary ] by ], which would entitle him to be known as ] William Gates if he were a citizen of ] or the ]. In 2006, Gates Foundation was awarded the ''Premio Príncipe de Asturias en Cooperación Internacional''. In a list compiled by the magazine '']'' in 2006, he was voted eighth in the list of "Heroes of our time".<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.newstatesman.com/200605220016 | title=Heroes of our time - the top 50 | publisher=New Statesman | author=Jason Cowley | date=May 22, 2006}}</ref> | |||
==Early life== | |||
Bill Gates III was born in ], ] to ] and ]. His family was wealthy; his father was a prominent lawyer, his mother served on the board of directors for First Interstate Bank and The United Way, and her father, J. W. Maxwell, was a ] president. Gates has one older sister, Kristi (Kristianne), and one younger sister, Libby. | |||
According to the 1992 biography ''Hard Drive'', Maxwell set up a million-dollar ] for Gates the year he was born.<ref>{{cite book| title = Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire| id = ISBN 0-471-56886-4| year = 1993| publisher = John Wiley & Sons| author = James Wallace and Jim Erickson}}</ref> | |||
Gates commented on this claim in a 1994 interview with '']'': | |||
{{quotation|PLAYBOY: Did you have a million-dollar trust fund while you were at Harvard? <br> GATES: Not true. . . . . My parents are very successful, and I went to the nicest private school in the Seattle area. I was lucky. But I never had any trust funds of any kind, though my dad did pay my tuition at Harvard, which was quite expensive.<ref name="playboy">{{cite web | |||
| url=http://ei.cs.vt.edu/~history/Bill.Gates.html | |||
| title=The Bill Gates Interview | |||
| publisher=Playboy | |||
| date=] ] | |||
| accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref>}} The 1993 biography ''Gates'' calls the trust fund claim one of the "fictions" surrounding Gates' fortune.<ref>{{cite book| title = Gates: How Microsoft's Mogul Reinvented an Industry and Made Himself The Richest Man in America| id = ISBN 0-385-42075-7| year = 1993| publisher = Touchstone| author = Stephen Manes and Paul Andrews}}</ref> | |||
Gates excelled in elementary school, particularly in ] and the ]s. He attended the ], Seattle's most exclusive preparatory school where tuition in 1967 was $5,000 (Harvard tuition that year was $1,760). Lakeside rented time on a ] ] owned by Computer Center Corporation. Gates and other students exploited ] in the system software until CCC banned them, at which point Gates says he swore off computers for a year and a half.<ref>James Chposky and Ted Leonsis. ''Blue Magic: The People, the Power and the Politics Behind the IBM Personal Computer''. 1989.</ref> | |||
CCC approached the Lakeside students in 1968 because other users were continuing to exploit the flaws in their system software. The company offered them unlimited computer time in exchange for finding and fixing software problems. Gates identified this as the point at which he became devoted to computing. The arrangement with CCC continued until 1970, when it went out of business. The following year Information Sciences Inc. hired the Lakeside students to write a ] program in ], providing them not only computer time but ] as well. Gates also formed a venture with Lakeside student ], called ], to make ]s based on the ] processor.<ref></ref> | |||
] for speeding and driving without a license, and in 1977 when this photograph was taken.]] | |||
According to a press inquiry, Bill Gates scored 1590 on the pre-recentered version of the ]s-roughly a one in a million score statistically equivalent to an IQ of about 170<ref>]</ref>-a figure frequently reported in the popular media<ref>]</ref> (co-founder Paul Allen scored perfect 1600)<ref>{{cite web | |||
| url=http://theweekmagazine.com/article.aspx?id=803 | |||
| title=The new—and improved?—SAT | |||
| accessdate=2006-05-23 | |||
| publisher=The Week Magazine}}</ref>, and was able to enroll at ] in the fall of 1973 to pursue a ] in ] and pre-law. It was there he met his future ] partner, ]. | |||
==Microsoft== | |||
{{main|Microsoft}} | |||
After reading the January 1975 issue of '']'' that demonstrated the Altair 8800, Gates called ] (Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems), the creators of the new microcomputer, to inform them that he and others had developed a version of the ] ] for the platform.<ref name="keyevents">{{cite web | title=Key Events In Microsoft History | url=http://www.microsoft.com/visitorcenter/student.mspx | accessdate=1 October | accessyear=2005 }} (] format) </ref> This was untrue, as Gates and Allen had never used an Altair previously nor developed any code for it. Within a period of eight weeks they developed an Altair ] that ran on a minicomputer, and then the BASIC interpreter. Allen and Gates flew to MITS to unveil the new BASIC system. The demonstration was a success and resulted in a deal with MITS to buy the rights to Allen and Gates's BASIC for the Altair platform. It was at this point that Gates left Harvard to found Micro-Soft, which later became Microsoft Corporation, with Allen.<ref name="thocp1">{{cite web | title=Microsoft history at the History of Computing Project | url=http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm | accessdate=August 11 | accessyear=2005 }}</ref> Gates dropped out of Harvard to work at MITS's offices in Albuquerque. | |||
=== Anti-piracy efforts === | |||
] | |||
In February 1976, Gates published his often-quoted "]". In the letter, Gates claimed that most users were using "stolen" ] copies of Altair BASIC and that no hobbyist could afford to produce, distribute, and maintain high-quality software without payment.<ref>] ]]</ref> This letter was unpopular with many amateur programmers, not just those few using copies of the software. In the ensuing years the letter gained significant support from Gates' business partners and allies. Eventually, the ], for-profit model Gates had envisioned would become the dominant model of software production and distribution, largely displacing the hobbyist model of ] software produced and distributed for free. Despite Microsoft's reliance on closed source, Gates has said that he collected discarded program listings at ] and learned programming techniques from them. <ref>] ].]</ref> | |||
] of ], ] of ] and ] of ], ], ]]] | |||
=== Microsoft and IBM === | |||
In ] ] approached Microsoft to make the BASIC interpreter for its upcoming personal computer, the ]. When IBM's representatives mentioned that they needed an ], Bill Gates referred them to ], makers made the widely used ] operating system that ran on a related type of ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.joewein.de/dri.html|title=Digital Research History|accessdate=2006-07-03}}</ref> When IBM's representatives did not reach immediate agreement with DR, they went back to Gates to ask about alternatives. Gates offered to provide a CP/M compatible operating system himself; He licensed a CP/M-compatible OS called ] ("Quick and Dirty Operating System") from ] of ],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2002/1223/258_print.html|title=Pioneers Die Broke|publisher=Forbes|author=John Steele Gordon Michael Maiello|date=]|accessdate=2006-07-05}}</ref>, had it adapted for the PC, and IBM shipped this as ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.computermuseum.li/Testpage/MSDOS-PCDOS.htm|title=MS DOS and PC DOS|work=Lexikon's History of Computing|accessdate=2006-07-05}}</ref> | |||
Later, after ] successfully cloned the IBM ], the market saw a flood of IBM PC clones.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles/archive/r0304/09r04/09r04.asp&guid=|title=Booting Your PC: Getting Up Close & Personal With A Computer’s BIOS|publisher=Smart Computing|date=November 1999|accessdate=2006-09-02}}</ref> Microsoft was quick to license DOS to other manufacturers, calling it ] (for Microsoft ] ]). By marketing MS-DOS aggressively to manufacturers of IBM-PC clones, Microsoft went from a small player to one of the major software vendors in the home computer industry. Microsoft continued to develop operating systems as well as ].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles/1994/june94/pcn0608/pcn0608.asp&articleid=5103&guid=|title=When It Comes To DOS, You Now Have A Choice|publisher=Smart Computing|date=June 1994|accessdate=2006-07-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smartcomputing.com/editorial/article.asp?article=articles/archive/r0603/09r03/09r03.asp|title=Microsoft to Microsoft disk operating system (MS-DOS)|publisher=Smart Computing|date=March 2002|accessdate=2006-07-05}}</ref> | |||
===Windows=== | |||
{{see also|History of Microsoft Windows}} | |||
In the early 1980s Microsoft introduced its own version of the ] (GUI), based on ideas originally pioneered by the ] corporation, and further pioneered and developed by Apple.<ref>Opinion, ''Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corporation''. U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, 1994.</ref> Microsoft released "]" as an alternative to their DOS command line, and to compete with other systems on the market that employed a GUI. Microsoft continued to release new versions and made deals with ]s to have Windows pre-installed on many computer systems.{{fact}} By the late 1980s Microsoft Windows had begun to make serious headway against other DOS-based GUIs like ] and ].{{fact}} The release of ] in 1990 was a tremendous success, selling around 10 million copies in the first two years and cementing Microsoft's dominance in operating systems sales. <ref>http://www.kernelthread.com/mac/vpc/win.html</ref> | |||
By continuing to ensure, by various means, that most computers came with Microsoft software pre-installed, the Microsoft corporation eventually became the largest software company in the world, earning Gates enough money that ] named him the wealthiest person in the world for several years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/259066.stm|title=The software superpower|date=]|publisher=]|accessdate=2006-09-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3685412.stm|title=Bill Gates tops Forbes rich list|publisher=]|date=]|accessdate=2006-09-05}}</ref> Gates served as the ] of the company until 2000, when ] took the position, and continues to serve as chairman of the board as of September 2006.<ref name="keyevents" /> Microsoft has thousands of patents, and Gates has nine patents to his name. <ref></ref> | |||
===Bill Gates' role=== | |||
] ]]] | |||
Since Microsoft's founding in 1975 and as of 2006, Gates has had primary responsibility for Microsoft's product strategy. He has aggressively broadened the company's range of products, and wherever Microsoft has achieved a dominant position he has vigorously defended it. Many decisions that have led to ] litigation over Microsoft's ] have had Gates' approval. In the 1998 '']'' case, Gates gave deposition testimony that several journalists characterized as evasive. He argued over the definitions of words such as: ''compete'', ''concerned'', ''ask'', and ''we''.<ref>] ]]</ref> BusinessWeek reported, "early rounds of his deposition show him offering obfuscatory answers and saying 'I don't recall' so many times that even the presiding judge had to chuckle. Worse, many of the technology chief's denials and pleas of ignorance were directly refuted by prosecutors with snippets of e-mail Gates both sent and received." <ref></ref> Despite denials by Bill Gates, the judge ruled that Microsoft had committed monopolization and tying, blocking competition, in violation of the ]. | |||
Gates meets regularly with Microsoft's senior managers and ]. By all accounts he can be extremely confrontational during these meetings, particularly when he believes that managers have not thought out their business strategy or have placed the company's future at risk. <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/exec/steve/churchillclub.mspx | title=Steve Ballmer Speech Transcript - Church Hill Club | author=Steve Ballmer | date=] ] | publisher=Microsoft | work=Microsoft PressPass | accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref><ref name="playboy"/> He has been described shouting at length at employees before letting them continue, with such remarks as "That's the stupidest thing I've ever heard!" and "Why don't you just give up your options and join the ]?"<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.breakingwindows.net/1link3.htm | title=Breaking Windows | publisher=Wall Street Journal | author=David Bank | date=] ] | accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref> However, he often backs down when the targets of his outbursts respond frankly and directly.<ref>{{cite web | |||
| url=http://www.time.com/time/gates/gates5.html | |||
| title=The Gates Operating System | |||
| publisher=Time | |||
| date=] ] | |||
| accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref> When he is not impressed with the technical hurdles managers claim to be facing, he sometimes quips, "Do you want me to do it over the weekend?"<ref>{{cite web | |||
| url=http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item.jhtml?id=2865&t=strategy&noseek=one | |||
| title=Adult Supervision: Herbold’s Old-World Order for Microsoft | |||
| publisher=Harvard Business Review | |||
| author=Robert Herbold | |||
| date=] ] | |||
| accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref> | |||
Gates' role at Microsoft for most of its history has been primarily a management and executive role. However, he was an active software developer in the early years, particularly on the company's ] products. He has not officially been on a development team since working on the ], but he wrote code as late as 1989 that shipped in the company's products.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.microsoft.com/billgates/speeches/pdc.asp | title=Remarks by Bill Gates | publisher=Microsoft | date=] ] | accessdate=2006-05-16}}</ref> | |||
On ] ], Gates announced his plans to transition out of a day-to-day role with Microsoft effective ] ]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2006/jun06/06-15CorpNewsPR.mspx | title=Microsoft Announces Plans for July 2008 Transition for Bill Gates | publisher=Microsoft PressPass | author=Microsoft PressPass | date=June 15, 2006}}</ref>, to allow him to devote more time to working with the ]. During an interview with Fortune.com published on ] says his recent decision to "shift priorities" his day-to-day role has changed to June 2008 instead of the original date of July 2008. After that date, Gates will continue in his role as the company's chairman and act as an advisor on key projects. His role as Chief Software Architect will be filled immediately by ] who joined the company last year due to Microsoft taking over his company Groove. One of his last initiatives before announcing his departure was the creation of a ] software group at Microsoft. | |||
==Personal life== | |||
] President ] in ]. ] ] ]] | |||
Bill Gates married ] of ] on ] ]. They have three children: Jennifer Katharine Gates (1996), Rory John Gates (1999) and Phoebe Adele Gates (2002). | |||
] is one of the most expensive houses in the world, and is a modern 21st century ] in the side of a hill overlooking ] in ]. According to ] public records, ], the total assessed value of the property (land and house) is $125 million, and the annual property tax is just under $1 million. Also among Gates' private acquisitions are the ], a collection of writings by ] which Gates bought for ] at an auction in 1994 <ref>http://www.mos.org/leonardo/bio.html</ref>, and a rare ].{{fact}} | |||
In 2000, Gates founded the ], a charitable organization, with his wife. The foundation's grants have provided funds for college ] for under-represented minorities, ] prevention, diseases prevalent in ] countries, and other causes. In 2000, the Gates Foundation endowed the ] with $210 million for the ]. The Foundation has also pledged over $7 billion to its various causes, including $1 billion to the ]; and as of 2005, had an estimated endowment of $29.0 billion. He has spent about a third of his lifetime income on charity.{{fact}} | |||
Gates has received two ]s, from the ], ], ] in ] and ], ], ] in ]. Gates was also given an ] (]) from ] of the ] in 2005,<ref>] ]]</ref> in addition to having ] name the Bill Gates flower fly, '']'', in his honor.<ref></ref> | |||
Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer has stated that Gates is probably the most "]" person in the world, receiving as many as 4,000,000 ]s per day in 2004, most of which were junk. Gates has almost an entire department devoted to filtering out junk emails.<ref>] ]]</ref> In an article, Gates himself has said that most of this junk mail "offers to help get out of debt or get rich quick", which "would be funny (given his financial state) if it weren't so irritating".<ref>] ] (WSJ printing)]</ref> | |||
==Influence and wealth== | |||
], 2006]] | |||
Gates is widely considered one of the world's most influential people. ] named him one of the 100 people who most influenced the 20th century, as well as one of the 100 most influential people of 2004, 2005 and again in 2006. Gates and ] are the only two people in the world to make all four lists. He was listed in the '']'' power list in 1999, named CEO of the year by ''Chief Executive Officers magazine'' in 1994, ranked number one in the "Top 50 Cyber Elite" by ''Time'' in 1998, ranked number two in the '']'' Elite 100 in 1999 and was included in '']'' as one of the "Top 100 influential people in media" in 2001. Gates has been number one on the "]" list from 1993 through to 2006 and number one on ''Forbes'' list of "]" from 1995-2006 with 50 billion US dollars. In 2004, he became a ] of ], the investment company headed by ], the second wealthiest person in the world according to Forbes and a long time friend of Gates.<ref>Ina Fried. . CNET News.com. ] ].</ref> | |||
In 1999, Gates' wealth briefly surpassed $100 billion making him America's first centibillionaire. | |||
Since 2000, Gates' wealth has declined due to a fall in ] and the multi-billion dollar donations he has made to his charitable foundations. According to a 2004 ''Forbes'' magazine article, Gates gave away over $29 billion to charities from 2000 onwards. These donations are usually cited as sparking a substantial change in attitudes towards philanthropy among the very rich, as philanthropy eventually became the norm for the very rich. <ref>A survey of philanthropy by ''The Economist'' ] ] noted, "The media, which used to take little notice of charitable donations, now eagerly rank the super-rich by their munificence..."</ref> The Gates received the Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation on ], ], in recognition of their world impact through charity giving.<ref>, Retrieved May 9, 2006</ref> | |||
Gates owns a lavish home, with gardens and art collection. Gates claimed in 2005 that he has gone to work every day since 1975, which in recent years includes both his role at Microsoft, and his leadership position at the ]. {{fact}} In May 2006, Gates said in an interview that he wished that he was not the richest man in the world, stating that he disliked the attention it brought.<ref>Joe Bolger. "." Times Online. May 5, 2006.</ref> | |||
==Popular culture== | |||
{{main|List of portrayals of and references to Bill Gates}} | |||
Gates is often characterized as the quintessential example of a super-intelligent "nerd" with immense power and wealth. This has in turn led to ] stereotypes of Gates as a tyrant or evil genius, often resorting to ruthless business techniques. As such he has been the subject of numerous parodies in film, television, and video games. | |||
== Works == | |||
], ], ]]] | |||
Gates has published several essays throughout the years based on his theories, predictions and visions of the computing industry. In these publications he often expresses his personal views on current topics, and discusses Microsoft's plans. His writings have been published by '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'' and ''Time''. Some of his publications since 1997 include: | |||
* ''Person of the Year'', Time, ] ] | |||
* ''The New World of Work'', Executive E-mail, ] ] | |||
*''The PC Era Is Just Beginning'', Business Week, ] ] | |||
*''Building Software That Is Interoperable by Design'', Executive E-Mail, ] ] | |||
*''The Enduring Magic of Software'', InformationWeek, ] ] | |||
*''Preserving and Enhancing the Benefits of E-mail: A Progress Report'', Executive E-mail, ] ] | |||
*''Microsoft Progress Report: Security'', Executive E-mail, ] ] | |||
*''Losing Ground in the Innovation Race?'', CNET News.com, ] ] | |||
*''A Spam-Free Future'', The Washington Post, ] ] | |||
*''Why I Hate Spam'', The Wall Street Journal, ] ] | |||
*''Building Trust in Technology'', Global Agenda 2003 (World Economic Forum), ] ] | |||
*''Security in a Connected World'', Executive E-Mail, ] ] | |||
*''The Disappearing Computer'', The World in 2003 (The Economist), December 2002 | |||
*''Slowing the Spread of AIDS in India'', The New York Times, ] ] | |||
*''Trustworthy Computing'', Executive E-Mail, ] ] | |||
*''Computing You Can Count on'', April 2002 | |||
*''Tech in a Time of Trouble'', The World in 2002 (The Economist), December 2001 | |||
*''Moving into the Digital Decade'', ] ] | |||
*''The PC: 20 Years Young'', ] ] | |||
*''Why We’re Building .NET Technology'', ] ] | |||
*''Shaping the Internet Age'', Internet Policy Institute, December 2000 | |||
*''Now for an Intelligent Internet'', The World in 2001 (The Economist), November 2000 | |||
*''Will Frankenfood Feed the World?'', Time, ] ] | |||
*''Yes, More Trade with China'', Washington Post, ] ] | |||
*''The Case for Microsoft'', Time, ] ] | |||
*''Enter "Generation i"'', Instructor, March 2000 | |||
*''Product Distribution Goes Digital'', IEEE Internet Computing, January 2000 | |||
*''Beyond Gutenberg'', The World in 2000 (The Economist), November 1999 | |||
*''Everyone, Anytime, Anywhere'', Forbes ASAP, ] ] | |||
*''The Second Wave'', IEEE Internet Computing Magazine, ], ] | |||
*''Microprocessors Upgraded the Way We Live'', USA Today, ] ] | |||
*''Why the PC Will Not Die'', Newsweek, ] ] | |||
*''The Wright Brothers: The 100 Most Important People of the Century'', Time, ] ] | |||
*''Compete, Don't Delete'', The Economist, ] ] | |||
*''Who Decides What Innovations Go into Your PC?'', 1997 | |||
== See also == | |||
* ] | |||
== References and footnotes == | |||
<div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> | |||
<references/> | |||
</div> | |||
== Further reading == | |||
* {{cite book | title=They Made America : Two Centuries of Innovators from the Steam Engine to the Search Engine" | id=ISBN 0-316-27766-5 | author=Harold Evans | publisher=Little, Brown | year=2004 | authorlink=Harold Evans}} | |||
* Bill Gates, '']'' ISBN 0-446-67596-2 (1999) | |||
* Bill Gates, '']'' ISBN 0-14-026040-4 (1996) | |||
* James Wallace, ''Hard Drive: Bill Gates and the Making of the Microsoft Empire'' Harper Business. ISBN 0-88730-629-2 (1993) | |||
* ], ''Overdrive: Bill Gates and the Race to Control Cyberspace'', John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-18041-6 (1997) | |||
* ], ''Bill Gates Speaks: Insight from the World's Greatest Entrepreneur'', John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-29353-9 (1998) | |||
* Jennifer Edstrom and Marlin Eller, ''Barbarians Led by Bill Gates: Microsoft from the Inside'' Henry Holt & Company. ISBN 0-8050-5755-2 (1999) | |||
* Jeanne M. Lesinski, ''Bill Gates'', Lerner Publications Company. ISBN 0-8225-9689-X (2000) | |||
* David Bank, ''Breaking Windows: How Bill Gates Fumbled the Future of Microsoft'', Free Press. ISBN 0-7432-0315-1 (2001) | |||
==External links== | |||
{{sisterlinks|Bill Gates}} | |||
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Revision as of 21:29, 14 September 2006
hi