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'''Yarka''' ({{lang-he-n|יִרְכָּא}}, {{lang-ar|يركا}})<ref>Personal name, according to Palmer, 1881, p. </ref> is an ] village and ] in the ] of ]. '''Yarka''' ({{lang-he-n|יִרְכָּא}}, {{lang-ar|يركا}})<ref>Personal name, according to Palmer, 1881, p. </ref> is a ] village and ] in the ] of ]. Located northeast of ], in {{Israel populations|Year}} it had a population of {{Israel populations|Yirka}}.


==History== ==History==
⚫ Yarka is an ancient village site, where old ] and ]s have been found. ] found a Greek inscription here dating from the Christian era.<ref>Dauphin, 1998, p. 639, citing Clermont-Ganneau, 1881, pp. -38.</ref> In the ], Yarka was known under the name of ''Arket''. In 1220 ]´s daughter ] and her husband ], ], sold their land, including ''Arket'', to the ].<ref>Strehlke, 1869, pp. - 44, No. 53; cited in Röhricht, 1893, RHH, p. , No. 934 (34); cited in Frankel, 1988, pp. 254, 263</ref>
===Ancient era===
Yarka is an ancient village site, where old ] and ]s have been found. A Greek inscription here dating from the early Christian era was found by ] in 1881.<ref>Dauphin, 1998, p. 639, citing Clermont-Ganneau, 1881, pp. -38.</ref>

===Crusader period===
⚫ During the ], Yarka was known under the name of ''Arket''. In 1220, ]'s daughter ] and her husband ], ], sold their land, including Arket, to the ].<ref>Strehlke, 1869, pp. - 44, No. 53; cited in Röhricht, 1893, RHH, p. , No. 934 (34); cited in Frankel, 1988, pp. 254, 263</ref>


===Ottoman era=== ===Ottoman era===
In 1517, Yarka was incorporated into the ] after Palestine was captured from the ]s. By 1596, Yarka appeared in the Ottoman ] as part of the '']'' of Akka of the '']'' of Safad. It had a population of 174 Muslim households and 24 bachelors.<ref>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 191</ref><ref>Note that Rhode, 1979, p. writes that the Safad register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9</ref> In 1517, Yarka was with the rest of Palestine incorporated into the ] after it was captured from the ]s, and by 1596, it appeared in the Ottoman ] as part of the '']'' of Akka of the '']'' of Safad. It had a population of 174 Muslim households and 24 bachelors and paid taxes on an olive press.<ref>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 191</ref><ref>Note that Rhode, 1979, p. writes that the Safad register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9</ref>


A map by ] from ] showed the town under the name ''Hierka.''<ref>Karmon, 1960, p. .</ref> A map by ] from ] showed the place, named as ''Hierka.''<ref>Karmon, 1960, p. .</ref>


] ]


The French explorer ] visited Yarka in 1875, and wrote that "cut stones of ancient appearance have been used in building the modern houses. About a hundred cisterns cut in rock, a half of which are no longer used, and the other half serve for the wants of the people, reveal the existence in this place of an ancient locality of some importance."<ref>Guérin, 1880, pp. , as translated and cited by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. </ref> In 1881, the ]'s ''Survey of Western Palestine'' described Yarka as a well-built stone village inhabited by 400 Druze who grew olives and figs.<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. </ref> The French explorer ] visited Yarka in 1875, and wrote that "cut stones of ancient appearance have been used in building the modern houses. About a hundred cisterns cut in rock, a half of which are no longer used, and the other half serve for the wants of the people, reveal the existence in this place of an ancient locality of some importance."<ref>Guérin, 1880, pp. , as translated and cited by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. </ref> In 1881, the ]'s ''Survey of Western Palestine'', Yarka is described as a well-built stone village inhabited by 400 Druze who grew olives and figs.<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. </ref>


===British Mandate era=== ===British Mandate era===
In a ] conducted in 1922 by the ], Yarka had a population of 978.<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Acre, p. </ref> The population increased in the ] to 1,196.<ref>Mills, 1932, p. </ref> In a ] conducted in 1922 by the ], Yarka had a population of 978 residents; 937 Druze, 26 Muslims and 15 Christians,<ref name="Census1922">Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Acre, p. </ref> where the Christians were 11 Orthodox, 3 Roman Catholics and 1 Maronite.<ref name=Census1922b>Barron, 1923, Table XVI, p. </ref> The population increased in the ] to 1,196; 1,138 Druze, 46 Muslims and 11 Christians living in a total of 343 occupied houses.<ref>Mills, 1932, p. </ref>


According to an official land and population survey, Yarka had a population of 1,500,<ref>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> with 42,452 ]s of land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, 5,747 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 5,909 used for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> while 140 dunams were built-up land<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> in 1945. In 1945 ''Yirka'' had a population of 1,500; 70 Muslims, 10 Christians and 1420 "other" (=Druze),<ref>Department of Statistics, 1945, p. </ref> with 42,452 ]s of land, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> Of this, 5,747 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 5,909 used for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref> while 140 dunams were built-up land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. </ref>


==Religious sites== ==Religious sites==
Yarka contains the ''maqam'' ("saintly-person tomb") of Shaykh Ghana'im Abu Saraya,<ref name="Swayd8"/><ref name="Dana36">Dana, 2003, p. 36.</ref> a native of the town and one of the first missionary sheikhs to spread the Druze faith in ] during the 11th century.<ref name="Swayd8">Swayd, 2009, p. </ref><ref name="Izzedin131">Abu-Izzedin, 1993, p. </ref><ref>Dana, 2003, p. 106.</ref> He was the principle Druze sheikh in the Acre coastal area.<ref name="Izzedin131"/> Druze tradition has it that Abu Saraya is buried underneath the floor of the shrine.<ref name="Dana36"/> Yarka contains the ''maqam'' ("saintly-person tomb") of Shaykh Ghana'im Abu Saraya,<ref name="Swayd8"/><ref name="Dana36">Dana, 2003, p. 36.</ref> a native of the town and one of the first missionary sheikhs to spread the Druze faith in the ] during the 11th century.<ref name="Swayd8">Swayd, 2009, p. </ref><ref name="Izzedin131">Abu-Izzedin, 1993, p. </ref><ref>Dana, 2003, p. 106.</ref> He was the principle Druze sheikh in the Acre coastal area.<ref name="Izzedin131"/> Druze tradition has it that Abu Saraya is buried underneath the floor of the shrine.<ref name="Dana36"/>


The town is also the site of the al-Nabi Siddiq ''maqam''. The Druze associate al-Nabi Siddiq with the biblical figure ]. According to this tradition, the name "Yarka" derives from "ha-Arki." The Druze prayer house "Khalwah ash-Sheikh Muhammad" is situated just east of Yarka. It was built sometime prior to 1931 by the religious sheikh Muhammad Mu'addi as a center for Druze religious studies.<ref>Dana, 2003, p. 32.</ref> The town is also the site of the al-Nabi Siddiq ''maqam''. The Druze associate al-Nabi Siddiq with ], an adviser to the ancient ] king ]. According to this tradition, the name ''Yarka'' derives from "ha-Arki." The Druze prayer house Khalwah ash-Sheikh Muhammad is situated just east of Yarka. It was built sometime prior to 1931 by the religious sheikh Muhammad Mu'addi as a center for Druze religious studies.<ref>Dana, 2003, p. 32.</ref>


==Economy== ==Economy==
Yarka houses one of the largest factories in the ] {{fact|date=October 2011}}, a steel mill built and owned by the Kadmani family. ''My Baby'', Israel's largest store for children's and baby's supplies with 11,000 meters of retail space, is also stationed in Yarka. The store has an annual turnover of ] 100 million ($27.1 million USD).<ref></ref> One of the largest factories in the ] {{fact|date=October 2011}}, a steel mill built and owned by the Kadmani family, is located in Yarka. My Baby, with 11,000 meters of retail space, is Israel's largest store for children's and baby's supplies. The store has an annual turnover of NIS 100 million.<ref></ref>


==See also== ==See also==
* ] *]


==References== ==References==

Revision as of 20:42, 9 March 2017

Template:Infobox Israel municipality

Yarka (Template:Lang-he-n, Template:Lang-ar) is a Druze village and local council in the Northern District of Israel. Located northeast of Acre, in 2022 it had a population of 17,759.

History

Yarka is an ancient village site, where old columns and cisterns have been found. Clermont-Ganneau found a Greek inscription here dating from the Christian era. In the Crusader era, Yarka was known under the name of Arket. In 1220 Joscelin III´s daughter Beatrix de Courtenay and her husband Otto von Botenlauben, Count of Henneberg, sold their land, including Arket, to the Teutonic Knights.

Ottoman era

In 1517, Yarka was with the rest of Palestine incorporated into the Ottoman Empire after it was captured from the Mamluks, and by 1596, it appeared in the Ottoman tax registers as part of the Nahiya of Akka of the Liwa of Safad. It had a population of 174 Muslim households and 24 bachelors and paid taxes on an olive press.

A map by Pierre Jacotin from Napoleon's invasion of 1799 showed the place, named as Hierka.

Hilwah, (praying house), in Yarka

The French explorer Victor Guérin visited Yarka in 1875, and wrote that "cut stones of ancient appearance have been used in building the modern houses. About a hundred cisterns cut in rock, a half of which are no longer used, and the other half serve for the wants of the people, reveal the existence in this place of an ancient locality of some importance." In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine, Yarka is described as a well-built stone village inhabited by 400 Druze who grew olives and figs.

British Mandate era

In a census conducted in 1922 by the British Mandate authorities, Yarka had a population of 978 residents; 937 Druze, 26 Muslims and 15 Christians, where the Christians were 11 Orthodox, 3 Roman Catholics and 1 Maronite. The population increased in the 1931 census of Palestine to 1,196; 1,138 Druze, 46 Muslims and 11 Christians living in a total of 343 occupied houses.

In 1945 Yirka had a population of 1,500; 70 Muslims, 10 Christians and 1420 "other" (=Druze), with 42,452 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. Of this, 5,747 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 5,909 used for cereals, while 140 dunams were built-up land.

Religious sites

Yarka contains the maqam ("saintly-person tomb") of Shaykh Ghana'im Abu Saraya, a native of the town and one of the first missionary sheikhs to spread the Druze faith in the Galilee during the 11th century. He was the principle Druze sheikh in the Acre coastal area. Druze tradition has it that Abu Saraya is buried underneath the floor of the shrine.

The town is also the site of the al-Nabi Siddiq maqam. The Druze associate al-Nabi Siddiq with Hushai ha-Arki, an adviser to the ancient Israelite king David. According to this tradition, the name Yarka derives from "ha-Arki." The Druze prayer house Khalwah ash-Sheikh Muhammad is situated just east of Yarka. It was built sometime prior to 1931 by the religious sheikh Muhammad Mu'addi as a center for Druze religious studies.

Economy

One of the largest factories in the Middle East , a steel mill built and owned by the Kadmani family, is located in Yarka. My Baby, with 11,000 meters of retail space, is Israel's largest store for children's and baby's supplies. The store has an annual turnover of NIS 100 million.

See also

References

  1. Personal name, according to Palmer, 1881, p. 60
  2. Dauphin, 1998, p. 639, citing Clermont-Ganneau, 1881, pp. 37-38.
  3. Strehlke, 1869, pp. 43- 44, No. 53; cited in Röhricht, 1893, RHH, p. 248, No. 934 (34); cited in Frankel, 1988, pp. 254, 263
  4. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 191
  5. Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6 writes that the Safad register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
  6. Karmon, 1960, p. 162.
  7. Guérin, 1880, pp. 16-17, as translated and cited by Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 193
  8. Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 148
  9. Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Acre, p. 36
  10. Barron, 1923, Table XVI, p. 50
  11. Mills, 1932, p. 103
  12. Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 5
  13. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 41
  14. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 82
  15. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 132
  16. ^ Swayd, 2009, p. 8
  17. ^ Dana, 2003, p. 36.
  18. ^ Abu-Izzedin, 1993, p. 131
  19. Dana, 2003, p. 106.
  20. Dana, 2003, p. 32.
  21. Israel's only American-style baby store, in the heart of a Druze village

Bibliography

External links


Northern District of Israel
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