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Batman
File:BatmanrobinTV.jpgBurt Ward as Robin and Adam West as Batman
Created by	Bob Kane (characters) William Dozier (series)
Starring	Adam West Burt Ward Alan Napier Neil Hamilton Stafford Repp Madge Blake and Yvonne Craig
Country of origin	United States
No. of episodes	120
Production
Running time	30 minutes
Original release
Network	ABC
Release	January 12, 1966 – March 14, 1968

Batman was the title of a 1960s American television series which replaced the long-running Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet program. Based on the comic book character Batman, it aired on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) for 2½ seasons from 12 January, 1966 to 14 March, 1968. Since the series had two weekly installments for most of its run, it contains nearly as many episodes as today's five season hits.

The series

The series was produced in the United States of America and debuted at 7:30, Wednesday evening, January 12, 1966 on ABC television, at a time when other popular TV series included The Andy Griffith Show and The Wild Wild West. The Batman series set a standard that identifies it as a product of the 1960s. It was known for its silly high camp humour and continues to be the version some associate with the Batman character despite it being least reflective of the Batman mythos as it is known today. (The series was very reflective of the character as portrayed in comics in the late 1950s and early 1960s, before editor Julius Schwartz revamped the books, removing much of the silliness.) The series ran for a total of 120 25-minute episodes.

The show revolved around the adventures of the crimefighter Batman (Adam West) and his sidekick Robin (Burt Ward) in Gotham City. Batman's dual identity was that of the debonair millionaire Bruce Wayne, who lived outside the city in "stately Wayne Manor." He lived with his youthful ward Dick Grayson, also known as Robin (Burt Ward), faithful butler Alfred (Alan Napier), and Aunt Harriet Cooper (Madge Blake). The adventures usually called for the heroes to fight supervillains such as The Joker (Cesar Romero), The Riddler (Frank Gorshin and John Astin), The Penguin (Burgess Meredith), King Tut (Victor Buono), and Catwoman (at various times Julie Newmar, and Eartha Kitt). Other main characters were Police Commissioner Gordon (Neil Hamilton), Chief O'Hara (Stafford Repp) of the Gotham City Police, and Batgirl (Yvonne Craig). Probably one of the campiest installments featured flashy Vegas showman Liberace, as a hard-nosed cigar chomping thug.

Quick action sequences, the voice of TV producer William Dozier as a pompous sounding narrator (identified as Desmond Doomsday on the Batman Television Soundtrack Album) providing the storylines, psychedelic sets and costumes, Dutch angles (with the criminals' lairs always being filmed with the camera at an angle to emphasize the "crooked" nature of the filthy criminals), and bright colors were all meant to evoke the four-color, campy world of the comic books of the 1950s and 1960s under the strict Comics Code Authority.

The series is notable for its use of cliffhanger endings and the Batclimb cameo, which allowed top celebrities of the 1960s to appear in a small part. The fight scenes between the "Dynamic Duo" and the villains were interlaced with titles that reflected comic book style sound effects: WHAM! POW! Some observers contend the titles also helped cover low-quality stunts and missed punches. It should be noted that many fans of the Batman series contend that the titles and missed punches were intentional: a satire of the comic book it was intended to portray.

Genesis of the series

In the early 1960s, Ed Graham Productions optioned the TV rights to Batman, and planned a straightforward juvenile adventure show, much like The Adventures of Superman and The Lone Ranger, for CBS on Saturday mornings. Mike Henry, who would later go on to star in the Tarzan franchise, and is best known for his portrayal of Jackie Gleason's dipstick son in the Smokey and the Bandit movies, was set to star as Batman. Reportedly, DC Comics commissioned publicity photos of Henry in a Batman costume. Around this same time, the Playboy Club in Chicago was screening the Batman serials on Saturday nights. It became very popular, as the hip partygoers would cheer and applaud the Dynamic Duo, and boo and hiss the villains. An east coast ABC executive named Yale Udoff, who was a Batman fan in childhood, attended one of these parties at the Playboy Club and was impressed with the reaction the serials were getting. He contacted west coast ABC executives Harve Bennett and Edgar Scherick, who were already considering developing a TV series based on a comic strip action hero, to suggest a prime time Batman series in the hip and fun style of The Man from U.N.C.L.E..

When negotiations between CBS and Graham stalled, DC quickly reeled the rights back in and made the deal with ABC. ABC farmed the rights out to 20th Century Fox to produce the series. Fox, in turn, handed the project to William Dozier and his Greenway Productions. Where as ABC and Fox were expecting a hip and fun, yet still serious, adventure show, Dozier, who loathed comic books, concluded the only way to make the show work was to do it as a pop art camp comedy. Dozier may or may not have screened Andy Warhol's Batman Dracula film, made without DC's permission, which is believed to be the first appearance of a blatantly campy Batman. Originally, mystery novelist Eric Ambler was to write the motion picture that would launch the TV series, but he dropped out after learning of Dozier's camp comedy approach.

By time ABC pushed up the debut date to January 1966, thus foregoing the movie until the summer hiatus, Lorenzo Semple Jr. had signed on as head script writer. He wrote the pilot script, and generally kept his scripts more on the side of pop art adventure, making those episodes the best of the series. Stanley Ralph Ross, Stanford Sherman, and Charles Hoffman were script writers who generally leaned more toward camp comedy, and in Ross' case, sometimes outright slapstick and satire. Instead of producing a one-hour show, Dozier and Semple decided to have the show air twice a week in half-hour installments with a cliffhanger connecting the two episodes, echoing the old movie serials. Initially, Dozier wanted Ty Hardin to play Batman, but he was unavailable, filming Westerns in Europe. Eventually, two sets of screen tests were filmed, one with Adam West and Burt Ward, the other with Lyle Waggoner and Peter Deyell, with West and Ward winning the roles.

Plot summary

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A typical story began with the story's villain (typically one of a short list of recurring villans) committing a crime, such as robbing a bank. This was followed by a scene inside Police Commissioner Gordon's office where he and Chief O'Hara would work out exactly which villain they were to face in that week's episode. Gordon would press a button on the Batphone, signaling a cut to Wayne Manor where Alfred, the butler, would answer the manor's Batphone (which sat on the desk in Bruce Wayne's study like a normal everyday telephone). Alfred would then interrupt Master Bruce Wayne and Dick Grayson - usually they would be found talking with Aunt Harriet - with a pretext to draw them away to answer the Batphone. Upon hearing of his enemy's schemes, Bruce would push a button concealed within a bust of Shakespeare that stood on his desk, opening a hidden door in a bookcase and revealing two poles. Wayne and Grayson would slide down the poles, and this was usually where the title sequence would occur.

After the opening titles, the pair would emerge in the Batcave in full costume and jump into the Batmobile, Batman jumping into the driver's seat and Robin into the passenger's seat. Robin would say "Atomic batteries to power, turbines to speed" and Batman would respond "Roger, ready to move out" and the two would race off out of the cave at high speed.

After arriving at Commissioner Gordon's office, the initial discussion of the crime usually led to the Dynamic Duo (Batman and Robin) conducting their investigation alone. In the investigation, a meeting with the villain would usually ensue with the heroes getting involved in a fight and the villain getting away, only to come back and fight again later in the show. Here, the villan would capture one or both of the heroes and place them in a deathtrap with a cliffhanger ending which was usually resolved in the first few minutes of the next episode.

The same pattern was repeated in the following episode until the villain was defeated.

Season 2

In Season 2, the show suffered from repetition, as the same formula was adhered to militantly. This, combined with Lorenzo Semple Jr. contributing fewer scripts and having less of an impact on the series, caused viewers to tire of the show, and for critics to complain, "If you've seen one episode of Batman, you've seen them all".

Season 3

By Season 3, due to falling ratings, Batgirl was added to attract young female viewers as well as older male viewers. The show was reduced to once a week, with mostly self-contained episodes, although the next week's villain would be in a tag at the end of the episode, giving the series a bit of a soap opera feel. It also looked more bizarre because of the cheap cardboard cut-out backdrops similar to those found at a high school play. Aunt Harriet was reduced to just two cameo appearances during the third season, due to Madge Blake being in poor health. (Aunt Harriet was also mentioned in another episode, but was not seen; her absence was explained by her being in shock upstairs.) The show became very surreal in the third season.

Cancellation

At the end of the third season, ABC planned to cut the budget even more by eliminating Chief O'Hara and Robin, while making Batgirl Batman's full time partner. Both Dozier and West vetoed this idea, and ABC cancelled the show. Weeks later, NBC offered to pick the show up for a fourth season and even restore it back to its twice a week format, if the sets were still available for use. NBC's offer came too late: Fox had already demolished the sets a week before. NBC didn't want to pay to rebuild, so the offer was withdrawn.

1970s Reunions

In 1972, Burt Ward and Yvonne Craig reunited as Robin and Batgirl, with Dick Gautier stepping in as Batman (Adam West was at the time, trying to distance himself from the Batman role) for a Women's Liberation Equal Pay public service announcement. In 1977, Adam West and Burt Ward returned to the Batman universe in animated form. West and Ward lent their voices to Batman and Robin respectively, on the Filmation produced animated series, The New Adventures of Batman. West would once again reprise his role as Batman in animated form when he succeeded Olan Soule in the final two seasons of Super Friends. In 1979, West, Ward and Gorshin reunited on NBC for Hanna-Barbara's two Legends of the Superheroes TV specials, which also featured Captain Marvel, The Flash, Green Lantern and Hawkman.

Theme music

The title theme to Batman is one of the best-known theme tunes of all time. Composed by Neal Hefti, the song is built around a minimalistic and foreboding but catchy guitar hook reminiscent of spy film scores and surf music. It is a simple twelve bar blues progression using only three chords until the coda. The lyrics to the theme consist of ten cries of 'Batman!', which were originally thought to be sung by a female chorus; however, Adam West's book 'Back to the Batcave' reveals the 'voices' to actually be instrumental, rather than vocal. These ten repetitions of "Batman!" were then followed by a coda of "Dadadadadadadadadadadadada...Batman!"

The famously minimal song has been widely parodied in the decades since its debut, and remains a prominent pop-culture subject to this day. The theme has been re-recorded by dozens of artists, the most notable including Link Wray, The Ventures, The Kinks, The Who, and The Jam.

Popularity

Many sports, music, and media personalities, and a number of Hollywood actors, looked forward to and enjoyed their appearances as villains on the Batman show. They were generally allowed to overact and enjoy themselves on a high-rated TV series, guaranteeing them considerable exposure (and thus boosting their careers). The most popular villains on the show included Cesar Romero as the Joker; Burgess Meredith as The Penguin; Frank Gorshin as The Riddler; and Julie Newmar as Catwoman. Other famous names from the "rogues gallery" in the comic book series made appearances on the show (notably The Mad Hatter), and some were taken from other superheroes, such as The Archer and The Puzzler (Superman's villains) and The Clock King (Green Arrow's villain). Many other villains were created especially for the TV show, and never did appear in the comic books (such as "Egghead", "The Siren", "Chandelle", "Bookworm", "King Tut", "Lord Ffogg", "Dr. Cassandra", and "Louie the Lilac"), while some were hybrids. The comics' "Mr. Zero" was renamed "Mr. Freeze" (a name change that was copied in the comics with lasting effect), and the comics' "Brainy Barrows" was reworked as "Egghead". Other celebrities often appeared in scenes where the Dynamic Duo are scaling a building wall and the celebrity would suddenly open a window and have a short conversation with the superheroes. So many celebrities wanted to appear on the show that some, such as Elizabeth Taylor, even had to be turned away.

Adam West enjoys the story that he was part of two of the 3 big B's of the 1960s, Batman, The Beatles and Bond. West says he actually was invited to play Bond in On Her Majesty's Secret Service based on his popularity as Batman, but declined the role as he felt it should be played by a British actor.

The popularity of the TV show did not translate well to the silver screen, however. A movie version of the TV show was released to theaters (see Batman (1966 film)), but it did not become a large box office hit, even though creatively, the movie was just as good as the first season episodes, and superior to most of the second and third season episodes. The movie continued to be profitably re-released to theaters, TV, and video for decades. Originally, the movie had been created to help sell the TV series abroad, but the success of the series in America sold itself, and the movie was brought out after season one had already been aired.

The live-action TV show was extraordinarily popular. At the height of its popularity, it was the only prime time TV show other than Peyton Place to be broadcast twice in one week as part of its regular schedule, airing at 7:30 p.m. Wednesdays and Thursdays. Episodes of the show were often filmed as two-part cliffhangers, with each storyline beginning on Wednesday and ending on the Thursday night episode. At the very end of the Thursday night segment, a little tag featuring next week's villain would be shown, e.g.: "Next week -- Batman jousts with The Joker again!" (this started the second week of the series' run and continued until the end of season two). The first episode of a storyline would typically end with Batman and Robin being trapped in a ridiculous deathtrap, while the narrator (Dozier) would tell viewers to watch the next night with the repeated phrase: "Tune in tomorrow — same Bat-time, same Bat-channel!" Even now, many years after the show ceased production, this catch-phrase is still a long-running punchline in popular culture.

The show even contributed to the careers of two real-life New York City policemen, David Greenberg and Robert Hantz. This pair had a remarkable career as police officers, so much so that they were given street nicknames of "Batman and Robin". Their careers were fictionalized in the 1974 movie The Super Cops.

Criticisms

Despite the show's popularity, many Batman fans abhor the series for its campy presentation, and critics claim the series has not aged well since the 1970s. The series is seen by some as a black mark on the medium of comic books, as it cast comics as silly, light-weight entertainment meant strictly for children — an image that comic books have never completely rid themselves of, though the publication of Batman: The Dark Knight Returns in 1986 (and the Tim Burton directed movie in 1989) did finally succeed in reshaping Batman's image outside of comic books. The fact that the TV series typically depicted women in a stereotypical fashion (with a few noted exceptions like Batgirl) dates it further.

Many other Batman fans find humor in the show's obvious satire, with intentionally campy presentation. This is evidenced by the use of sophisticated humor, often found in satire, in the TV Show and movie. The show and movie had flagrantly absurd uses of deus ex machina, sometimes pointed out by the characters themselves. They also intentionally left in parts where the actors tripped or otherwise fumbled their lines/cues (e.g. when Robin trips in the movie as he runs to the bat copter). Also, the characters were stereotyped in such dramatic fashion that many fans of the series contend that it must have been intentional and meant for a more sophisticated audience than children. Batman and Robin's behavior as characters (see below) is further evidence in favor of the 'satire' theory, which though unproven has become popular in critic circles.

Adam West acknowledges those criticisms in his autobiography Back to the Batcave, but argues that it was the wrong era for a 'straight' Batman TV show, and the series was responsible for saving the character for future generations to enjoy, as the comic was in danger of being cancelled before the TV show revived sales.

Appeal

TV critics and historians note that the real appeal of the show lay in its array of oddball, outrageous, and often charismatic villains. The hippie counterculture of the 1960s enjoyed the fact that even though they would eventually win and put the bad guys in jail, Batman and Robin portrayed the forces of "law and order" as being woefully humorless, "square", and unaware of the fact that the world was laughing at them (Indeed, as in the series pilot, Batman walks into a restaurant in full Bat-regalia and requests a booth against the wall, since 'he shouldn't wish to attract attention'). The villains, on the other hand, had the chance to rebel against society, wear gaudy, flashy costumes, and have all the fun... until they were required to lose and be captured by Batman and Robin. The series had the advantage of appealing to two major age groups for entirely different reasons; adults viewed it as a humorous spoof while children enjoyed it as a flashy adventure show.

Lasting Impact

The series' stars, Adam West and Burt Ward, were typecast for decades afterwards, with West especially finding himself unable to escape the reputation the series gave him as a hammy, campy actor. However, years after the series' impact faded, West found fame and respect among comic book and animation fans, who appreciated his work on the TV series. One of the more popular episodes of Batman: The Animated Series paid tribute to West with an episode entitled "The Grey Ghost." In this episode, West played the role of an aging star of a superhero TV series Bruce Wayne watched as a child and would be inspired by as a crimefighter, who found new popularity with the next generation of fans. In addition, the most frequent visual influence is that later Batmobiles usually have a rear rocket thruster that usually fires as the car makes a fast start.

In 2003, West and Ward reunited for a tongue-in-cheek telefilm entitled Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt which combined dramatized recreations of the filming of the original series (with younger actors standing in for the stars), with modern day footage of West and Ward searching for a stolen Batmobile. The film included cameo appearances by Newmar and Gorshin, as well as Lee Meriwether who had played Catwoman in the 1966 film and Lyle Waggoner, who had been an early candidate for the role of Batman. The movie received high ratings and was released on DVD May 2005.

Despite much popular demand, no DVD release of the series has to date occurred in North America, and this situation seems unlikely to be resolved in the near future. The problem as explained by the website TVShowsonDVD.com is that Warner Bros. owns the Batman character, while 20th Century Fox owns the TV series (Warner did not take over DC until 1976), and the two companies have, to date, yet to come to an agreement regarding home video/DVD release of the series (it was later revealed that Warner Bros. isn't involved). This is why no VHS release of the series occurred, either. As a result, the 1966 feature film remains the only element of the original series officially available for non-broadcast viewing in North America. This even affected Return to The Batcave, which was only able to make use of footage from the 1966 movie.

Influence

The television series' parodic tone stereotyped superhero adaptations for decades.

For many of the most famous later productions, a significant comedic tone was often used since it was assumed that the audience would never take the genre seriously on its own terms. For instance, while Richard Donner had the scripts for Superman and Superman II reworked to tone down the campy humor he objected to, he still made the villain, Lex Luthor, a comical figure accompanied with broader comic relief. By contrast, many fans complained that the comical tone of Superman III and Superman IV was so broad that it ruined the dramatic quality of the stories.

This influence was shown on later television series such as Wonder Woman which took on a campy tone. While occasionally other series like The Incredible Hulk took a more dramatic tone, they were often stripped of all but the most central concepts of the character fit into a mundane setting.

The films Batman and Batman Returns by Tim Burton gained attention for their conscious rejection of the TV series stereotyped lighthearted tone. However, the films, Batman Forever and Batman and Robin by Joel Schumacher emulated the 1960s series' spirit with increasing consciousness. However, the latter film proved a box office and critical embarrassment for Warner Brothers.

That in turn discredited the campy approach and encouraged producers to see if Donner's more respectful approach to the source material could be more successful. The result is the X-Men and Spider-Man film series which have largely been significant popular and critical successes that the comic book fans have approved for their honoring of the source material while Batman Begins found similar success restarting the Batman film franchise with that artistic spirit in mind.

Trivia

• The Batman theme was the most recorded song of 1966. In addition to Neal Hefti's original version, and the official soundtrack version by Nelson Riddle, the theme was covered by The Who, The Marketts, Dan and Dale, The Jam, The Ventures, Al Hirt, and Jan and Dean, who released an entire concept album titled Jan & Dean Meet Batman. Then there were the groups who seemed to exist just to cover the theme, such as "Bruce and the Robin Rockers" and "The Sensational Batboys".

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• In the pilot episode, "Hi Diddle Riddle...Smack in the Middle", Batman is more of an outsider. An early draft of the script gives Batman a dark edge. He "allows" Molly to fall to her death in the Batcave. DC protested and the scene was rewritten to have Batman desperately attempting to save Molly unsuccessfully. {Only three other villains "died" in the series: a fake "Commissioner Gordon" was shot and fell off a bridge and two out of town gunmen shot at the Dynamic Duo but ended up killing themselves instead. In the 1966 movie, 6 villains "died": one of Penguin's henchmen tripped Joker Jack-in-the box into Penguin's exploding octopus; likewise, five of Penguins henchmen were accidentally reanimated with "heavy" water and "disappear."}

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• A line spoken by Robin (Chris O'Donnell) in Batman Forever is a straight homage to Robin's catch-phrase. During the movie he says "Holey Rusted Metal, Batman" (referring to the island's land-scape which is made from metal and has holes in it) which sounds intentionally similar to lines spoken by Robin beginning with the word "Holy" and ending with "Batman".

• Two-Face was considered too gruesome a character and so never appeared on the show. However his inclusion was considered for a while and apparently Clint Eastwood and Charlton Heston were considered for the role during this period.

• The show also cemented the name of the villain Mr. Freeze (previously known as Mr. Zero - and, on one occasion, Dr. Zero). Mr. Freeze is actually played by three actors on the show. The villain was originally played by George Sanders in one of the very first episodes. During the second season Otto Preminger (the famous Austrian film director) and Eli Wallach took turns playing the Frosty Fiend. Mr. Freeze tended to have had a "Germanic" element to his character, which was used again when Mr. Freeze re-appears in the 1997 film Batman and Robin. This time, Mr. Freeze is played by Arnold Schwarzenegger.

• The one actor not initially given an on-screen credit as a villain was Malachi Throne. He played False-Face, the master of disguises who, when not in one of said disguises, wore a plastic facial mask that rendered his real face unrecognizable. Playing along with this, the producers used the on-screen graphic "? as False-Face" on the credits for True or False-Face, but revealed the actor's identity for Holy Rat Race.

• When Joan Collins appeared as The Siren, it was not the first time in her career that she played a character based on Greek mythology. Collins had a similar role in 1962 in The Road to Hong Kong when she played Diana, the Roman version of the Greek goddess Artemis, the Huntress.

• Julie Newmar was not available for the final season, due to the filming of Mackenna's Gold so Catwoman was played by Eartha Kitt.

• Lee Meriwether, who played Catwoman in the Batman movie, also played a minor role in an episode featuring King Tut. Her character, Lisa Carson, was the actual name of the wife of Stanley Ralph Ross (who wrote that particular episode and many others in the series).

• Minerva, the series' final villain, was played by Zsa Zsa Gabor. The role had originally been intended for Mae West. West was unavailable, due to her role in the film Myra Breckinridge, which was preparing to shoot at the same time.

• Dr. Cassandra (played by Ida Lupino) was named for Cassandra - a girl who lived next door to Stanley Ralph Ross (and who constantly asked Ross to be put into a Batman story). When it became apparent that the series was winding down, Mr. Ross decided to accept the girl's request.
• Marianna Hill, who plays Cleo Patrick (one of King Tut's "Queens of the Nile") is a cousin of General H. Norman Schwarzkopf Jr..

• William Dozier and Howard Horwitz, who served as producers on the show, also play cameo roles in the final episode ("Minerva, Mayhem and Millionaires"). Both Dozier and Horowitz also had a cameo part in "Fine Finny Fiends/Batman makes the scenes" when brainwashed Alfred Pennyworth looks at a computer file of "Mug Shots"-and comments on "two Criminal types" {Dozier & Horowitz}.

• Jacques Bergerac, who plays "French Freddie the Fence" in several Batman episodes, later became the president of the Revlon Cosmetics Company.

• Several cast members recorded records tied in to the series. Adam West released a single titled "Miranda", a country-tinged pop song that he actually performed in costume during live appearances in the 1960s. Frank Gorshin released a song titled "The Riddler" which was composed and arranged by Mel Torme. The track captures Gorshin's insane portrayal perfectly. Burgess Meredith recorded a spoken word single called "The Escape" backed with "The Capture", which was The Penguin narrating his recent crime spree to a jazz beat.

• Lesley Gore , who plays "Pussycat" (one of Catwoman's henchwomen) , was a popular singer of the day with hits such as "It's My Party". Gore was also the niece of Howie Horwitz, one of the show's producers.

• A page on the 1966 Batman TV Tribute Site notes an intriguing connection between all the musical acts who performed on the show. Johnnie Green and His Green Men played during an episode featuring the Joker during the show's third season - where the Joker attempts to win the world surfing championship by kidnapping Gotham City's surfing hero Skip Parker. Charles FitzSimons (who served as the assistant to Executive Producer William Dozier) saw Johnny perform a fire-eating act in his office. Combined with the bright green hair color used by the band members, it was just "far out" enough that FitzSimons booked them for the show. Johnny and his band members were also friends of Chad and Jeremy and Paul Revere and the Raiders. Not only that, but during the 1970s the band recorded for AVI Records, a label owned by Liberace. And to bring this full circle, the site also mentions that Johnny dated Lesley Gore. Johnny told many of his stories to author Mark Starks for his book, Johnny Green & the Greenmen (2006).

• At least one of the show's villains was based on a real-life criminal. Shelley Winters plays "Ma Parker", a woman who commits a series of crimes in Gotham City along with her children (and who actually manages to take over the Gotham State Penitentiary for a while). Her name was taken from Ma Barker, who headed a real-life criminal family in the 1930s.

• Cliff Robertson plays "Shame" (described by Batman as the "Conniving Cowboy of Crime"). His name is taken from the classic Western film Shane, which starred Alan Ladd and Jean Arthur. At the end of the episode, a little boy cries out "Come back Shame, come back!" That too is a parody of a scene from Shane.

• Mickey Dolenz had a brief role as one of Shame's henchmen while simultaneously appearing on the hit show The Monkees.

• Adam West pitched an idea to have Robert Lowery, who played Batman in the 1949 serial, on the show as Bruce's oft-mentioned but never seen "Uncle Phillip". Unfortunately, the deal never happened.

• Only two of the series guest villains ever deduced Batman's true identity: Egghead by deductive reasoning, and King Tut on two occasions - once with a bug on the Batmobile and once by accidentally mining into the Batcave.

• Episodes "Death in Slow Motion" and "The Riddler's False Notion" deal with silent movies: both Neil Hamilton and guest star Francis X. Bushman began their movie careers in silent pictures.

• In a tribute to the 1960s Batman, a latter-day animated series of Batman had an episode in which three children narrated three different versions of Batman's adventures. One storyline had Batman battling the Joker and his gang with superimposed "POWS" like the 1960s series.

• The Scarecrow didn't appear in the TV show for he was considered too dark and scary for this content.

• When Walt Kelly's Pogo was revived in the 1980s there was one series in which Pogo was "Robin" and Albert Aligator was "Batman".

• The Batman movie premièred in Austin, Texas on August 4, 1966. The timing proved to be extremely unfortunate, coming just three days after the city fell victim to the Charles Whitman sniper killings that killed 15 and left 31 people wounded.

• Batman was one of the first television programs to stress the wearing of seat belts, regularly showing Batman and Robin putting on lap belts in the Batmobile before leaving the Batcave. Seat belts were not mandatory in the United States until 1968.

• The estate used to represent stately Wayne Manor was once thought to have burned down, but this was a false alarm.

• In "enter batgirl exit penguin" (first episode of the third season) at the end, bruce wayne calls dick grayson "burt", his real name

• Sid Haig (Captain Spaulding in House of 1000 Corpses and The Devil's Rejects) played one of King Tut's henchmen (Royal Apothecary) in the episodes 'The Spell of Tut' and 'Tut's Case is Shut'.

Cast

Regular cast

• Adam West - Batman/Bruce Wayne
• Burt Ward - Robin/Richard "Dick" Grayson
• Alan Napier - Alfred Pennyworth
• Neil Hamilton - Commissioner James Worthington Gordon
• Stafford Repp - Chief O'Hara
• Madge Blake - Aunt Harriet Cooper
• Yvonne Craig - Batgirl/Barbara Gordon
• William Dozier - Desmond Doomsday the Narrator

Guest appearances

• For villains, see the below table
  • Steve Allen
  • Phyllis Diller (uncredited) played a cleaning lady on "The Minstral's Shakedown"
  • Milton Berle (uncredited) played a convict dressed as a fake prison guard in "Ma Parker" episodes, and as villain Louie the Lilac.
  • Lesley Gore
  • Gypsy Rose Lee playing "Newscaster" in episode: "The Sandman Cometh" 1966
  • Allen Ludden (as a news reporter in Season 2)
  • Archie Moore
  • Jill St. John

• Batclimb cameos
  • Jerry Lewis
  • Dick Clark
  • Sammy Davis Jr.
  • Bill Dana as Jose Jiminez
  • Howard Duff
  • Werner Klemperer in character as Colonel Klink
  • Ted Cassidy as Lurch
  • Andy Devine as Santa
  • Art Linkletter
  • Suzie Knickerbocker
  • Edward G. Robinson
  • Van Williams as The Green Hornet and Bruce Lee as Kato

• Bit parts (before they were famous)
  • James Brolin
  • Mickey Dolenz
  • Teri Garr
  • Rob Reiner

• Last appearances on screen
  • Edward Everett Horton
  • Francis X. Bushman
  • Douglass Dumbrille
  • Tallulah Bankhead

Chart of episodes and villains

 SEASON ONE

 SEASON TWO

 SEASON THREE

• NOTE: Two-part episodes premiering before September 1967 appeared on consecutive days. The date given here is the date the first episode in a multi-part episode appeared. The second episode from January 1966 to August 1967 appeared the following day. Exceptions are the three part episodes. #72 was first seen 1/12/67 and #73 on 1/18/67. #74 was first seen 1/19/67 and #75 on 1/25/67. #76 premiered on 1/26/67, #77 on 2/1/67, and #78 on 2/2/67. Beginning September 1967, the series appeared only once a week and the additional parts of multi-episodes appeared the following week or weeks.

Season 1 Credits

• Executive Producer/Narrator: William Dozier
• A Greenway Production in association with Twentieth Century-Fox Television
• Produced by Howie Horwitz
• Executive Script Consultant: Lorenzo Semple Jr.
• Assistant To The Producer (ep 1 only): Charles B. Fitzsimons
• Associate Producer: Wm. P. D'Angelo
• Music: Nelson Riddle
• Music Supervision: Lionel Newman
• BATMAN Theme: Neal Hefti
• Directors of Photography: Ralph Woolsey, A.S.C, Jack Marta, Howard Schwartz, A.S.C, Sam Levitt, A.S.C
• Art Directors: Jack Martin Smith, Ed Graves, Franz Bachelin, Serge Krizman, Jack Collis
• Production Supervisor: Jack Sonntag
• Unit Production Manager: Sam Strangis
• Post-Production Manager: James Blakely, A.C.E.
• Film Editors: Homer Powell, Leon Selditz, Hugh Chaloupka, A.C.E., Byron Chudnow, A.C.E., J. Frank O' Neil, A.C.E.
• Assistant Directors: Jack Barry*, Bill Derwin, Mark Sandrich, Norman Aldrich
• Post-Production Co-ordinator: Robert Mintz
• Set Decorators: Walter M. Scott, Chester Bayhi, Warren Welch
• Supervising Music Editor: Leonard A. Engel
• Music Editor: Sam Horta
• Supervising Sound Effects Editor: Ralph B. Hickey
• Sound Effects Editor: Harold Wooley
• Make-up Supervision: Ben Nye
• Hair Styling Supervision: Margaret Donovan
• Based Upon The Characters Created By BOB KANE Appearing In Batman And Detective Comics Magazines Published By National Periodical Publications, Inc.
• Color By DeLuxe
• William Self In Charge of Production for Twentieth Century-Fox Television, Inc.

Season 2 Credits

• Executive Producer/Narrator: William Dozier
• A Greenway Production in association with Twentieth Century-Fox Television
• Associate Producer: William P. D'Angelo
• Assistant To The Executive Producers: Charles B. Fitzsimons
• Music: Nelson Riddle, Warren Barker
• Music Supervision: Lionel Newman
• BATMAN Theme: Neal Hefti
• Production Supervisor: Jack Sonntag
• Unit Production Manager: Sam Strangis
• Assistant Directors: David Whorf, Bill Derwin, Robert G. Stone
• Directors of Photography: Meredith M. Nicholson, A.S.C, Howard Schwartz, A.S.C
• Art Directors: Jack Martin Smith, Serge Krizman, Russell Menzer
• Film Editors: Bill Murphy, Frank O' Neil, A.C.E., Ron Fagan, Hugh Chaloupka, A.C.E., Newell Kimlin, A.C.E.
• Post-Production Supervisor: James Blakely, A.C.E.
• Post-Production Co-ordinator: Robert Mintz
• Set Decorators: Walter M. Scott, Chester Bayhi, Bert F. Allen
• Supervising Music Editor: Leonard A. Engel
• Music Editor: Sam Horta
• Supervising Sound Effects Editor: Ralph B. Hickey
• Sound Effects Editor: Harold Wooley
• Men's Wardrobe Furnished by Andrew Pollack
• Make-up Supervision: Ben Nye
• Hair Styling Supervision: Margaret Donovan
• Based Upon The Characters Created By BOB KANE Appearing In Batman And Detective Comics Magazines Published By National Periodical Publications, Inc.
• Color By DeLuxe
• William Self In Charge of Production for Twentieth Century-Fox Television, Inc.

Season 3 Credits

• Executive Producer/Narrator: William Dozier
• A Greenway Production in association with Twentieth Century-Fox Television
• Associate Producer: William P. D'Angelo
• Script Consultant: Lorenzo Semple Jr.
• Script Editor: Charles Hoffman
• Assistant To The Executive Producers: Charles B. Fitzsimons
• Music: Billy May
• Music Supervision: Lionel Newman
• BATMAN Theme: Neal Hefti
• Batgirl Theme: Music by Billy May, Lyrics by Willy Mack
• Production Supervisor: Jack Sonntag
• Unit Production Manager: Sam Strangis
• Assistant Directors: Maxwell O. Henry, Steven Bernhardt, Mark Sandrich, David Whorf
• Directors of Photography: Howard Schwartz, A.S.C, Charles Straumer, A.S.C
• Art Directors: Jack Martin Smith, Serge Krizman, Frank T. Smith
• Film Editors: James Blakely, A.C.E., Robert Phillips, Homer Powell, Hugh Chaloupka, A.C.E.
• Post-Production Co-ordinator: Robert Mintz
• Supervising Music Editor: Leonard A. Engel
• Music Editor: Sam Horta
• Sound Effects Editor: Richard LeGrand, Dan Finnerty
• Men's Wardrobe Furnished by Andrew Pollack
• Set Decorators: Walter M. Scott, Chester Bayhi, Robert deVestel
• Special Photographic Effects by L.B. Abbott, A.S.C.
• Based Upon The Characters Created By BOB KANE Appearing In Batman And Detective Comics Magazines Published By National Periodical Publications, Inc.
• Color By DeLuxe
• William Self In Charge of Production for Twentieth Century-Fox Television, Inc.

Parodies

• The cartoon series Batfink, whose sidekick Karate was stereotypical oriental, and whose "utility arm" parodied the utility belt; the sidekick had everything, including the kitchen sink, up the sleeve on that arm.
• The television show was famous for parodying names of many famous celebrities of the day. Among the most notable were newscasters Walter Cronkite (known as "Walter Klondike" on Batman), and Chet Huntley (he's known as "Chet Chumley" on the show). Steve Allen played himself on the show, and was known as "Allen Stevens". J. Pauline Spaghetti (a woman who is almost tricked into giving up her fortune to the notorious European criminal "Sandman" - played by Michael Rennie ) is a parody of J. Paul Getty owner of the Getty Oil Company and one of the richest men of the 1960s.
• Lee Meriwether plays Lisa Carson, a wealthy Gotham City socialite who is kidnapped by King Tut. Her father is John E. Carson - a parody on the legendary host of The Tonight Show, Johnny Carson.
• Gotham City's Mayor Lindseed is a parody on John Lindsay , who served as Mayor of New York City from 1966 to 1973.
• Commissioner Gordon would occasionally speak on the phone to the state's governor, Governor Stonefeller. This is a parody on Nelson Rockefeller, who served as governor of New York from 1959 to 1973.
• The Monkees TV series made several references to Batman. In the episode "Captain Crocodile", the Monkees parody the Batman TV show with Peter Tork as Frogman and Davy Jones as Rubin the Tadpole. In the episode "Monkees Blow Their Minds", Burgess Meredith makes a cameo as the Penguin.
• In the Dr. Cassandra episode, the evil alchemist steals the Mope diamond (a parody of the famous Hope Diamond.) from Spiffany's jewellers. Spiffany's is a parody of Tiffany & Co. (which was - and still is, one of New York's finest jewellers).
• The three part Londinium episode during Batman's final series ("The Londinium Larcenies", "The Foggiest Notion", and "The Bloody Tower") was the series tribute to the Swinging London period of the 1960s. At the time of the show, everything British was "hot" in North America. This was especially true in areas such as music (the British Invasion led by rock groups such as The Beatles and The Rolling Stones, and fashion (London's Carnaby Street was a leading fashion district during the 1960s - perhaps best known for the miniskirt). And of course, there was James Bond, the world's most famous superspy. Many aspects of London were parodied during the three episodes. The city's name is changed to Londinium, which was the British capital's name during Roman times. Scotland Yard becomes "Ireland Yard" in the series. Carnaby Street becomes "Barnaby Street". Fleet Street, the city's press district, is changed to "Bleet Street".
• In 1989, West and Ward parodied themselves in a brief series of television commercials for the (now defunct) Midwestern supermarket chain Big Bear. The ads were timed to capitalize on the marketing hype surrounding the Tim Burton movie of the period; however, since Big Bear had not licensed the Batman trademarks, West and Ward did not appear in costume and could only be referred to by their real names. Taking a page from the first two seasons of the Batman series, these commercials were shown in two parts, with a silly "cliffhanger" ending at the end of the first.
• In 1991, a Philippine movie parody version was launched based on the Batman 1960s TV series entitled Alyas Batman en Robin. Starring Joey de Leon as Bruce/Batman, his real life son Keempee de Leon as Robin, Panchito as Tio Paenguin and Rene Requiestas as Joker.
• In the Family Guy movie, Peter Griffin comes out dressed as Spider-Man, but singing to the tune of the Batman series theme.
• In The Simpsons episode "Large Marge", Bart and Milhouse are watching an early appearance of Krusty the Klown, in which the character is the guest villain on the Batman television series. He traps Batman and Robin on a merry go round, and spins it at a deadly velocity. The shot cuts, and then Batman and Robin are seen standing in front of the merry go round, with Krusty in handcuffs. Batman says "Luckily, I always carry a can of Bat-Carousel-Reversal-Spray." Krusty groans, and replies "Oy, is there anything you don't carry on that belt?" to which Batman replies "Tolerance - for criminal lowlifes like you." The series' own creation, Radioactive Man is also a semi-parody of Batman (and Robin), having once had a "creepy camp film" in the seventies.
• The Warner Bros. animated series Histeria! directly spoofed Batman in an episode based around the Renaissance. In this particular sketch, Leonardo DaVinci is featured as Renaissance Man (called "Ren-Man" for short), with Loud Kiddington (wearing a Robin costume) as his sidekick. During the sketch, a parody of the Batman intro is played.

External links

• Batmania UK :: 1966 Batman
• "Batman" (1966/II) at IMDb
• Batman at TV.com
• Museum of Broadcast Communications
• The 1966 Batman TV Tribute Site
• The 1966 Batman Message Board
• The Bat Pages Note: this website contains the original screentests of Adam West, Burt Ward, and Lyle Waggoner.
• Batman: The Series @ Batman: Yesterday, Today, & Beyond
• Batman: The Movie @ Batman: Yesterday, Today, & Beyond
• BATMAN ON FILM
• Jump The Shark - Batman
• Batmania Canada
• Television Obscurities - Batgirl Promotional Short
• The Batman Tribue Pages
• Woman sues over 1960s 'Batman' series

Italic text

• 1960s TV shows in the United States
• ABC network shows
• Batman television series
• Television series by Fox Television Studios
• S.C.I.F.I. World