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During the ], Novi Sad was part of ], a Serbian autonomous region within ]. In 1849 the Hungarian army located on the Petrovaradin Fortress bombarded and devastated the city, which lost much of its population (According to 1850 census there were only 7,182 citizens in the city compared with about 20,000 in 1820). During the ], Novi Sad was part of ], a Serbian autonomous region within ]. In 1849 the Hungarian army located on the Petrovaradin Fortress bombarded and devastated the city, which lost much of its population (According to 1850 census there were only 7,182 citizens in the city compared with about 20,000 in 1820).


Between 1849 and 1860, the city was part of a separate Austrian crownland known as the ]. After the abolishment of this province, the city was included into ] County. After 1867, Novi Sad was located within the ] part of ]. Between 1890-1910 about 1,5 million people (of whom about 2/3 were non-Hungarian) left the ] to escape from ], especially many from bigger towns.<ref name="immigrants"> http://www.bergen.org/AAST/Projects/Immigration/waves_of_immigration.html</ref><ref> </ref> This drastically altered the demographic structure of the city, i.e. from the predominantly ], the population of the city became ethnically mixed. According to 1880 census, the percent of Serbian language speakers in the city was 41.2%, and the percent of Hungarian language speakers was 25.9%. Until 1910, the percent of Serbian language speakers decreased to 34.52%, while the percent of Hungarian language speakers increased to 39.72%. Between 1849 and 1860, the city was part of a separate Austrian crownland known as the ]. After the abolishment of this province, the city was included into ] County. After 1867, Novi Sad was located within the ] part of ]. During this time, the ] policy of the Hungarian government drastically altered the demographic structure of the city, i.e. from the predominantly ], the population of the city became ethnically mixed. According to 1880 census, the percent of Serbian language speakers in the city was 41.2%, and the percent of Hungarian language speakers was 25.9%. Until 1910, the percent of Serbian language speakers decreased to 34.52%, while the percent of Hungarian language speakers increased to 39.72%.


According to the ] census, the city had 33,590 inhabitants, of which 13,343 (39.72%) most frequently spoke ], 11,594 (34.52%) ], 5,918 (17.62%) ], 1,453 (4.33%) ], etc. It is not certain whether Hungarians or Serbs were largest ethnic group in the city in this time, since 1910 census is considered partially inaccurate by most historians because this census did not recorded the population by ethnic origin or mother tongue, but by the "most frequently spoken language", thus the census results overstated the number of Hungarian speakers, since this was official language at the time and many non-Hungarian native speakers stated that they most frequently speak Hungarian language in everyday communication. The city was also home to 2,326 Jews, of whom many were native Hungarian speakers. Another lasher of the census was that it did not recorded only permanent residents of the city, but also temporary residents, who did not lived in the city, but were situated there as part of the civil and military services. According to the ] census, the city had 33,590 inhabitants, of which 13,343 (39.72%) most frequently spoke ], 11,594 (34.52%) ], 5,918 (17.62%) ], 1,453 (4.33%) ], etc. It is not certain whether Hungarians or Serbs were largest ethnic group in the city in this time, since 1910 census is considered partially inaccurate by most historians because this census did not recorded the population by ethnic origin or mother tongue, but by the "most frequently spoken language", thus the census results overstated the number of Hungarian speakers, since this was official language at the time and many non-Hungarian native speakers stated that they most frequently speak Hungarian language in everyday communication. The city was also home to 2,326 Jews, of whom many were native Hungarian speakers. Another lasher of the census was that it did not recorded only permanent residents of the city, but also temporary residents, who did not lived in the city, but were situated there as part of the civil and military services.
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{{South Bačka District}} {{South Bačka District}}
⚫ {{Municipalities of Serbia}}
{{Danube}} {{Danube}}


⚫ {{Municipalities of Serbia}}


] ]

Revision as of 22:57, 13 October 2006

Template:Serbian cities 2 Novi Sad (Serbian: Нови Сад or Novi Sad; Slovak: Nový Sad; Hungarian: Újvidék; Croatian: Novi Sad; Romanian: Novi Sad; Rusyn: Нови Сад; German: Neusatz (an der Donau); Latin: Neoplanta; Bulgarian: Mlada Loza) is a city located in Serbia; it lies in the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina and is located at 45.25° N, 19.85° E, on the banks of the Danube river. It is the capital city of the Vojvodina province and the administrative centre of the South Bačka District of Serbia, as well as a large industrial and cultural centre. Its name means "New Planting" (noun) in Serbian.

Novi Sad City is divided into two municipalities: Novi Sad and Petrovaradin. However, at the present moment, these municipalities exist only de jure since de facto they are not yet formed and the entire city is governed by the single administrative body. Between 1980 and 1989, the city was divided into seven municipalities: Stari Grad, Podunavlje, Liman, Slavija, Petrovaradin, Detelinara, and Sremski Karlovci.

The urban area of Novi Sad comprises Novi Sad proper and the towns of Petrovaradin and Sremska Kamenica. The metropolitan area of Novi Sad also comprises Futog, Veternik, Bukovac and Ledinci. There are also several other settlements in the municipalities, but these settlements are not connected to the city.

Demographics

Population
through history
1820 20,000(est.)
1843 17,332
1850 7,182
1869 19,119
1880 21,325
1890 24,717
1900 28,763
1910 33,089
1921 39,122
1931 63,985
1941 61,731
1948 69,431
1953 76,752
1961 102,469
1971 141,375
1981 170,020
1991 179,626
2002 191,405
(1.) Together
with Petrovaradin
(2.) 216,583 together with Petrovaradin
and Sremska Kamenica

Novi Sad is the largest city in Vojvodina, and second largest in Serbia (after Belgrade). Since its foundation, the population of the city constantly increasing. According to the 1991 census, 56.2% of people who came into Novi Sad from 1961 to 1991 were from other parts of Vojvodina, 15.3% came from Bosnia and Hercegovina and 11.7% from Central Serbia.

The city's urban population was 216,583 in 2002 and 299,294 with the surrounding inhabited places of the municipalities included. An unofficial estimate of the current population of urban area of Novi Sad is approximately 240,000-250,000. Another unofficial data from "JP Informatika" web site based on 2005 estimation, put a number of inhabitants of Novi Sad urban area at 255,071 and number of inhabitants of city municipal area at 333,895. According to another estimation from December 31, 2004, there were 306,853 inhabitants in the city municipal area. The city has urban population density of 1.928/km² (2002).

According to the 2002 census, the population of the municipal area of Novi Sad (including both municipalities) is composed of: Serbs (75.50%), Hungarians (5.24%), Yugoslavs (3.17%), Slovaks (2.41%), Croats (2.09%), Montenegrins (1.68%), and others. Most of the inhabited places in the municipalities have an ethnic Serb majority, while the village of Kisač has an ethnic Slovak majority. The population of urban Novi Sad (excluding municipal area) is composed of: Serbs (73.91%), Hungarians (6.03%), Yugoslavs (3.69%), Montenegrins (2.23%), Croats (1.84%), and others.

History

Early History of Petrovaradin

Petrovaradin fortress over the Danube

Human settlement in the territory of present-day Novi Sad has been traced as far back as the Stone Age (about 4500 BC). This settlement was located on the right side of the river Danube in the territory of present day Petrovaradin. This region was conquered by Celts (in the 4th century BC) and Romans (in the 1st century BC).

The Celts founded the first fortress at this location, which was located on the right bank of the Danube. During Roman rule, a larger fortress was built in the 1st century with the name Cusum and included in Roman Pannonia. In the 5th century, Cusum was devastated by the invasion of the Huns.

By the end of the 5th century, Byzantines had reconstructed the city and called it by the names Cusum and Petrikon. The city in time became conquered by the Ostrogoths, Gepids, Avars, Franks, Bulgarians, and again by the Byzantines.

The city was conquered by the Kingdom of Hungary (in the 12th century); by the Ottoman Empire (in 1526), and by the Habsburg Monarchy (in 1687). The city was first mentioned under the name Petrovaradin (Pétervárad) in documents from 1237. Petrovaradin was known under the name Pétervárad under Hungarian rule, Varadin under Ottoman rule, and Peterwardein under Habsburg rule.

During the Ottoman rule, Petrovaradin had 200 houses, and three mosques. There was also a Christian quarter with 35 houses populated with ethnic Serbs.

The foundation of Novi Sad

Map of Novi Sad (Ratzen Stadt) from 1745

At the outset of the Habsburg rule, people of Orthodox faith were forbidden from residing in Petrovaradin, thus Serbs were largely unable to build homes in the city. Because of this, a new settlement was founded in 1694 on the left bank of the Danube. The initial name of this settlement was Serb City (Ratzen Stadt). Another name used for the settlement was Petrovaradinski Šanac.

However, before the foundation of Ratzen Stadt in 1694, several other settlements existed on the left bank of the river Danube in the territory of present-day Novi Sad. In 1237, several settlements were mentioned to exist here: Vašaroš-Varad (Varadinci), Mrtvaljoš, Sent-Marton, Bakša (Bakšić), Sajlovo I, Sajlovo II, Bivalo (Bivaljoš), Rivica, and Čenej. Etymology of these names show that most of them are of Slavic origin, thus that indicate that these settlements were initially inhabited by Slavs. For example, Bivalo (Bivaljoš) was a large Slavic settlement that dates from the 5th-6th century. Most of these villages also existed during the Ottoman rule in the 16th century, and were populated by ethnic Serbs. Another two Serb villages that existed in the territory of present-day Novi Sad in the 16th and 17th century were Bistrica and Kamendin. In the year 1590, population of all villages that existed in the territory of present-day Novi Sad numbered 105 houses inhabited exclusivelly by Serbs. However, Ottoman records mention only those inhabitants that payed taxes, thus the number of Serbs that lived in the area (for example those that served in the Ottoman army) was larger.

According to 1720 data, the population of Ratzen Stadt was composed of 112 Serbian, 14 German, and 5 Hungarian houses. The settlement officially gained the present name Novi Sad (Neoplanta in Latin) in 1748 when it became a "free royal city". In 1780, Novi Sad had about 2,000 houses, of which 1,144 were Serbian.

The edict that made Novi Sad a "free royal city" was proclaimed on February 1, 1748. The edict said: "We, Maria Theresa, by the God's mercy Holy Roman Empress, Queen of Hungary, Bohemia, Moravia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Carinthia, etc, etc. Cast this proclamation to anyone, who might concern...so that the famous Petrovaradinski Šanac, which lies on the other side of the Danube in Bačka province on Sajlovo land, by the might of our divine royal power and prestige...make this town a Free Royal City and to fortify, accept and sign it in as one of the free royal cities of our Kingdom of Hungary and other territories, by abolishing its previous name of Petrovaradinski Šanac, renaming it Neoplanta (Latin), Újvidék (Hungarian), Neu-Satz (German), Novi Sad (Serbian), Mlada Loza (Bulgarian)".

For much of the 18th and 19th centuries, Novi Sad was the largest city populated with ethnic Serbs (The reformer of the Serbian language, Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, wrote in 1817 that Novi Sad is the "largest Serb municipality in the world"). It was a cultural and political centre of Serbs, who did not have their own national state at the time. Because of its cultural and political influence, Novi Sad became known as the Serb Athens (Srpska Atina in Serbian). In 1820 Novi Sad had 20,000 inhabitants, of whom about 2/3 were Serbs. According to the 1843 data, Novi Sad had 17,332 inhabitants, of whom 9,675 were Orthodox Christians, 5,724 Catholics, 1,032 Protestants, 727 Jews, and 30 adherents of the Armenian church. The largest ethnic group in the city were Serbs, and the second largest were Germans.

During the Revolution of 1848-1849, Novi Sad was part of Serbian Vojvodina, a Serbian autonomous region within Habsburg Empire. In 1849 the Hungarian army located on the Petrovaradin Fortress bombarded and devastated the city, which lost much of its population (According to 1850 census there were only 7,182 citizens in the city compared with about 20,000 in 1820).

Between 1849 and 1860, the city was part of a separate Austrian crownland known as the Vojvodina of Serbia and Tamiš Banat. After the abolishment of this province, the city was included into Bačka-Bodrog County. After 1867, Novi Sad was located within the Hungarian part of Austria-Hungary. During this time, the Magyarization policy of the Hungarian government drastically altered the demographic structure of the city, i.e. from the predominantly Serbian, the population of the city became ethnically mixed. According to 1880 census, the percent of Serbian language speakers in the city was 41.2%, and the percent of Hungarian language speakers was 25.9%. Until 1910, the percent of Serbian language speakers decreased to 34.52%, while the percent of Hungarian language speakers increased to 39.72%.

According to the 1910 census, the city had 33,590 inhabitants, of which 13,343 (39.72%) most frequently spoke Hungarian language, 11,594 (34.52%) Serbian language, 5,918 (17.62%) German language, 1,453 (4.33%) Slovak language, etc. It is not certain whether Hungarians or Serbs were largest ethnic group in the city in this time, since 1910 census is considered partially inaccurate by most historians because this census did not recorded the population by ethnic origin or mother tongue, but by the "most frequently spoken language", thus the census results overstated the number of Hungarian speakers, since this was official language at the time and many non-Hungarian native speakers stated that they most frequently speak Hungarian language in everyday communication. The city was also home to 2,326 Jews, of whom many were native Hungarian speakers. Another lasher of the census was that it did not recorded only permanent residents of the city, but also temporary residents, who did not lived in the city, but were situated there as part of the civil and military services.

After the First World War

Novi Sad in 1920

On November 3, 1918, the Serb National Board and the Serb Safeguard were organized in the city. On November 6, the Serb National Board invited the Danube division of the Serbian army, which already entered Srem, to send its troops to Bačka as soon as possible. On November 8, the last Austro-Hungarian soldiers evacuated from the city, and the entire city was under control of the Serb National Board and the Serb Safeguard.

Serbian troops entered the city on November 9, 1918, and on November 25, 1918, the Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci, and other nations of Vojvodina in Novi Sad proclaimed the union of Vojvodina region with the Kingdom of Serbia (The assembly numbered 757 deputies, of which 578 were Serbs, 84 Bunjevci, 62 Slovaks, 21 Rusyns, 6 Germans, 3 Šokci, 2 Croats, and 1 Hungarian). Since December 1, 1918, Novi Sad is part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes.

According to the 1921 census, the city had 39,122 inhabitants, of which 16,071 were Serbs, 13,065 Hungarians, 6,486 Germans, 2,663 Jews, 1,294 Slovaks, 672 Russians, 613 Slovenians. In 1929, Novi Sad became the capital of the Danube Banovina, a province of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

In 1941, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded and partitioned by the Axis Powers, and its northern parts, including Novi Sad, were annexed by Hungary. During World War II, about 5,000 citizens were murdered and many others were resettled (in a 1942 raid alone, Hungarian police killed 1,246 citizens, among them more than 800 Jews, and threw their corpses into the icy waters of Danube ). During the war, the resistance movement was active in the city. Citizens of all nationalities - Serbs, Hungarians, Slovaks and others fought together against the Axis authorities.

The partisan forces from Srem and Bačka entered the city on October 23, 1944, and Novi Sad became part of the new socialist Yugoslavia. After the war, new Yugoslav authorities punished those responsible for war crimes, as well as those that collaborated with the Axis authorities, although there are allegations that members of the partisan army also killed a certain number of innocent people, mainly for personal revenge.

File:Novi-sad bridge1999.jpg
Destroyed bridge in Novi Sad during Nato bombardment in 1999

Since 1945, Novi Sad has been the capital of Vojvodina, a province of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The city went through rapid industrialization and its population more than doubled in the period between World War II and the breakup of Yugoslavia.

After 1992, Novi Sad was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which, in 2003, was transformed into the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. Since 2006, Novi Sad is part of an independent Serbia.

Devastated by Nato bombardment during the Kosovo War of 1999, Novi Sad was left without all of its three Danube bridges, communications, water, and electricity. Residential areas were cluster bombed several times while its oil refinery was bombarded daily, causing severe pollution and widespread ecological damage.

Since 2000 Novi Sad has been the host of the EXIT summer music festival. The festival is held every year and usually takes place over four nights. Between the 16th and 20th of September 2005, Novi Sad co-hosted the 2005 European Basketball Championship.


Inhabited places

File:Novi Sad.png
Map of Novi Sad City with the surrounding settlements

List of inhabited places in city municipal area (with population figures from 2002 census):

Municipality of Novi Sad includes: Novi Sad proper, Futog, Veternik, Begeč, Budisava, Kać, Kovilj, Kisač, Rumenka, Stepanovićevo, and Čenej.

Municipality of Petrovaradin includes: Petrovaradin, Sremska Kamenica, Bukovac, Ledinci, and Stari Ledinci.

Note: Before 1989, the town and municipality of Sremski Karlovci were also part of Novi Sad City. Today, this municipality is not part of Novi Sad City, but a separate administrative unit.

The settlements with recognized town/city status are: Novi Sad, Petrovaradin, Sremska Kamenica and Futog.

Geographically, the municipality of Novi Sad is located in Bačka, while municipality of Petrovaradin is located in Syrmia.

Quarters of Novi Sad

Map of the urban area of Novi Sad with city quarters
Liman 3, NIS-NAFTAGAS building
Grbavica
Novo Naselje
Detelinara
Telep

Suburban settlements:

Famous or notable citizens

Svetozar Miletić (1826-1901)
File:HPIM0102.JPG
Statue of Jovan Jovanović Zmaj in Novi Sad
File:Predic 2.jpg
Laza Kostić
  • Slobodan Jovanović (1869-1958), a prime minister of the Yugoslav government in exile during World War II. He was born in Novi Sad.
  • Cveta Majtanović, winner of the Idol competition.
  • Lajos Zilahy, author of the novel Two Prisoners inter alia, died in Novi Sad on December 1, 1974.

Famous buildings

Churches

File:Catholic Church 1.jpg
Catholic Cathedral

Important institutions

Manifestations

Schools

Newspapers and magazines

Newspapers and magazines published in Novi Sad:

Sport

Public transportation

The main public transportation system in Novi Sad consists of bus lines. In urban part of Novi Sad and Petrovaradin there are 17 bus lines, as well as 33 lines which connect villages and towns in Novi Sad and Petrovaradin municipalities, but also villages and towns in surrounding municipalities of Beočin, Temerin and Sremski Karlovci. Bus transportation is operated by Javno gradsko saobraćajno preduzeće-JGSP.

In addition, there are various taxi companies serving the city.

Infrastructure

Roads

Novi Sad is connected by a highway to Belgrade to the south-east, and motorways to Subotica (north) and Zrenjanin (north-east). City has 369 km of roads (2004). One of the busiest road in Novi Sad is certainly 3 km of Bulevar Oslobođenja.

Bridges

Rebuilt Freedom Bridge in 2005
Varadin Bridge
Road-Railway Bridge

As of 2005, there are 10 bridges in Novi Sad municipal area. Six bridges are over Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal, and four across Danube river. Through history, many bridges are built and then destroyed during many wars in this region.

These are current bridges over river Danube (from west):

  • Freedom Bridge (Most Slobode), built in 1981, destroyed in 1999 and then rebuilt in 2005. It is the most modern bridge in Novi Sad, it connect Sremska Kamenica with the main part of Novi Sad.
  • Varadin Bridge (Varadinski most), built in 2000. It connect Petrovaradin with city centre.
  • Road-Railway Bridge (Drumsko-železnički most), built in 2000 as a temporary solution, because rail traffic was halted durring Nato bombardment in 1999. It has two line of traffic, which is also used for cars, but most important heavy tracks.
  • Beška Bridge (Most kod Beške), built in 1975, situated between villages Kovilj (in Novi Sad municipality) and Beška (in Inđija municipality). It is a part of highway E75.

Former bridges on the Danube:

  • Pontoon Bridge (Pontonski most), built in 1788, existed until 1918.
  • Railway Bridge (Železnički most), built in 1883, destroyed in 1941, rebuilt in 1941, but destroyed again in 1944.
  • Pontoon Bridge (Pontonski most), built in 1914, collapsed in 1924.
  • Prince Tomislav Bridge (Most Kraljevića Tomislava), built in 1928, destroyed in 1941.
  • Marshal Tito Bridge (Most Maršala Tita), built in 1946, destroyed in 1999.
  • Žeželj Bridge (Žeželjev Most), built in 1961 and destroyed in 1999.
  • Pontoon Bridge (Pontonski most), built in 1999, removed in 2005.

Bridges over Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal (from west):

  • Futog Bridge (Futoški most), small bridge which is mainly used by local farming community from surrounding settlements of Kisač, Futog and Bački Petrovac.
  • Rumenka Bridge (Rumenački most), situated in Rumenka.
  • Railway Bridge (Železnički most), which connect railroad from Novi Sad to Subotica.
  • Klisa Bridge (Klisanski most), it is in urban part of the city, connect neighborhoods Klisa, Vidovdansko Naselje, and Slana Bara with the city centre.
  • Vidovdan Bridge (Vidovdanski most), it is also in urban part of the city, and it also connects neighborhoods Klisa, Vidovdansko Naselje and Slana Bara with the city centre.
  • Kać Bridge (Kaćki most), it connects city with highway E75 and some suburbs of Kać, Budisava and Kovilj.

The 1999 NATO bombings of the bridges of Novi Sad, and the subsequent reconstruction project, are described in detail in the film The Ister (official site here).

Railways

The railway station is situated not far from the city centre (in Banatić neighborhood), and connects Novi Sad with major European cities, such as Vienna, Budapest, Kiev and Moscow; but also with major towns in Vojvodina, such as Subotica, Sombor, Bačka Topola, Vrbas, Zrenjanin, Inđija and Serbian capital, Belgrade.

Shipping

Novi Sad has a commercial port on the banks of Danube and Danube-Tisa-Danube Canal named Luka Novi Sad. There is also a tourist port near Varadin Bridge in the city centre welcoming various river cruise vessels from across Europe. Novi Sad has several water-sports marinas near Ribarsko Ostrvo, Liman and Petrovaradin harbouring small sail boats and sporting/recreational vessels.

Aviation

Novi Sad has one airport, Novi Sad-Čenej Airport, with grass surface and it is used for small aircrafts, mainly for farming purposes. It is situated next to the suburb of Čenej, about 10 km north from Novi Sad. For international travel, there is Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport, about 90 km south, an hour and a half drive from Novi Sad.

Famous destinations

Twin cities

Novi Sad is twinned with the following cities:

Agreement on joint cooperation: Lviv (Ukraine, 1999), Szeged (Hungary, 2005), Pécs (Hungary, 2002), Ulm (Germany, 2002), Gothenburg (Sweden, 2002), Nant (France, 2002, on improving public transportation), Frunzensky District in Saint Petersburg (Russia, 2003) and Banja Luka (Bosnia and Hercegovina, 2006). Agreement on inter-national tolerance with towns Osijek (Croatia) and Tuzla (Bosnia and Herzegovina) signed in 2002.

References

General References

  1. Boško Petrović - Živan Milisavac, Novi Sad - monografija, Novi Sad, 1987
  2. Milorad Grujić, Vodič kroz Novi Sad i okolinu, Novi Sad, 2004
  3. Jovan Mirosavljević, Brevijar ulica Novog Sada 1745-2001, Novi Sad, 2002
  4. Jovan Mirosavljević, Novi Sad - atlas ulica, Novi Sad, 1998
  5. Mirjana Džepina, Društveni i zabavni život starih Novosađana, Novi Sad, 1982
  6. Zoran Rapajić, Novi Sad bez tajni, Beograd, 2002
  7. Đorđe Randelj, Novi Sad - slobodan grad, Novi Sad, 1997
  8. Enciklopedija Novog Sada, sveske 1-26, Novi Sad, 1993-2005
  9. Radenko Gajić, Petrovaradinska tvrđava - Gibraltar na Dunavu, Novi Sad, 1994
  10. Veljko Milković, Petrovaradin kroz legendu i stvarnost, Novi Sad, 2001
  11. Veljko Milković, Petrovaradin i Srem - misterija prošlosti, Novi Sad, 2003
  12. Veljko Milković, Petrovaradinska tvrđava - podzemlje i nadzemlje, Novi Sad, 2005
  13. Agneš Ozer, Petrovaradinska tvrđava - vodič kroz vreme i prostor, Novi Sad, 2002
  14. Agneš Ozer, Petrovaradin fortress - a guide through time and space, Novi Sad, 2002
  15. 30 godina mesne zajednice "7. Juli" u Novom Sadu 1974-2004 - monografija, Novi Sad, 2004
  16. Branko Ćurčin, Slana Bara - nekad i sad, Novi Sad, 2002
  17. Branko Ćurčin, Novosadsko naselje Šangaj - nekad i sad, Novi Sad, 2004
  18. Zvonimir Golubović, Racija u Južnoj Bačkoj 1942. godine, Novi Sad, 1991
  19. Petar Jonović, Knjižare Novog Sada 1790-1990, Novi Sad, 1990
  20. Petar Jonović - Dr Milan Vranić - Dr Dušan Popov, Znameniti knjižari i izdavači Novog Sada, Novi Sad, 1993
  21. Ustav za čitaonicu srpsku u Novom Sadu, Novi Sad, 1993
  22. Sveske za istoriju Novog Sada, sveske 4-5, Novi Sad, 1993-1994

Footnotes

  1. Serbian Statistical Office, data for basic information on municipalities in Serbia for 2005
  2. Enciklopedija Novog Sada, knjiga 20, Novi Sad, 2002
  3. Branko Ćurčin, Slana Bara nekad i sad, Novi Sad, 2002
  4. B. Ćurčin (see above)
  5. Đorđe Randelj, Novi Sad slobodan grad, Novi Sad, 1997
  6. Narodna enciklopedija, 1927
  7. Hungarian Is Faced With Evidence of Role in ’42 Atrocity By NICHOLAS WOOD and IVANA SEKULARAC, Published October 1, 2006 The New York Times
  8. Milorad Grujić, Vodič kroz Novi Sad i okolinu, Novi Sad, 2004
  9. (PDF). Centre for Peace. 2002-01-21. Retrieved 2002-01-21. {{cite news}}: Check |url= value (help)

External links

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