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| {{Article issues|refimprove=March 2009|original research=September 2007|date=April 2009}} | |||
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| {{mergeto|Lolita fashion|Talk:Lolita fashion#Gothic Lolita merge proposal|date=April 2009}} | |||
| '''Gothic Lolita''' or "'''GothLoli'''"'''(ゴスロリ'''—''' '''''gosurori'') sometimes "''Loli-Goth''" has two definitions. The term "Gothic and Lolita" is used by the Japanese to describe a sub-culture of teenagers who wear a wide range of fashions. It is used by English language sources mainly to describe a specific subset of ]. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| The Lolita style began in the 1970s with brands such as Milk and Pink House making outfits that resembled Canada's '']'' (which is widely loved in Japan{{Fact|date=April 2009}}) and, to a lesser extent, '']''. | |||
| Angelic Pretty opened in 1979; ] opened in 1988; and Moi-meme-Moitie opened in 1999. | |||
| ], ex-Malice Mizer (co-founded with Kozi, also guitar), is widely credited for having helped popularize Gothic Lolita, though he is not a founder of the style. He coined the terms "]" (EGL) and "]" (EGA) to describe the style of his own fashion label ], which was founded in 1999. Other influential figures in the scene include the singer ], who often modeled for Lolita related fashion magazines, and ], who drew the first eight covers of the Gothic & Lolita Bible. | |||
| ===Terminology used by English-language fandom=== | |||
| Among English-language fandom, the term ] was originally used to describe a sub-set of ] that was either all black, or mostly black with white accents. However, there are many subsets within 'Gothic Lolita,' including, but not limited to shirorori (white lolita), kurorori (black lolita), gurorori (Gory or grotesque lolita), and punk lolita. Black (kuro) and white (shiro) lolitas wear all black and white respectively, guro lolitas are often defined by bandages and an "injured" appearance, and punk lolita adds a punk touch to lolita fashion. There are fashions similar in feeling to gothic lolita but they are not regarded by the gothic lolita community as authentic, rather "lolita-styled". | |||
| Elegant Gothic Lolita (EGL) is a term coined by ] (Guitarist and leader of ] and ], creator of clothing line ]). It can be considered a more mature version of gothic lolita, often worn by older teens and young women. The male 'counter-part' to EGL is EGA (]); it is very tailored and stream-lined, both being mostly black and white. However, the term Gothloli (''gosurori'') is used by some foreigners to describe anyone in gothic or lolita. | |||
| Sweet Gothic Lolita refers to a gothic lolita appearance, paired with accessories such as fruit purse, key chains, and many other colorful additions. The style of sweet goth lolita can be a black and (insert color, pink, red...etc...) colored dress along with a cute sweet lolita head-dress. Even though this style of lolita isn't popular in Japan, it can be found. | |||
| ==Fashion style== | |||
| ] | |||
| ] draws much of its inspiration from ], ] and ] fashion and often aims to imitate the look of Victorian children or porcelain ]s. Gothic Lolita applies the aesthetics of ] to the childlike, pretty ]. The word ''Gothloli'' comes, quite naturally, from a combination of ] and ].<ref> David Graham Lilith Gallery</ref> | |||
| Gothic Lolita is the best-known of the various "]" looks. Other categories include "]", which is often more mature-looking and contains more muted colors and floral prints and "]" which is identified by childish pastel colors and cute prints. | |||
| Gothic Lolita style is usually a combination of black and white, often black with white ] and typically decorated with ribbons and lace trims. ]s are knee length and may have a ] or ] to add volume. As in mainstream Japanese fashion, over-knee socks or stockings are popular. White or black tights are also common. Boots, rocking horse shoes, or child-like shoes such as ]s complete the look. Frilly, ruffled or lace-trimmed ] ]s are also popular with Gothic Lolitas and designs are usually ], sometimes with long lace-capped sleeves and/or high-necked blouses. | |||
| Some additions may include mini ]s, ]s, and lace headdresses, which resemble wide, elegantly decorated headbands. Other popular Lolita ] are ribbons, lace or bows, an ] with a bow or sometimes even a ]. Hair is sometimes curled, or a curled wig is worn to complete the porcelain doll look. Blonde and black are the most popular hair colors, though as the fashion continues to develop, other colors (such as brown and red and other vivid colors) are increasing in popularity. | |||
| Lolita outfits may be accessorized with other ]s like handbags, small backpacks and purses, sometimes in the shape of ]s, ]s, and ]es, as well as conspicuous pocket books, pocket watches, and hat boxes. Teddy bears and other stuffed animals are also common, and some brands make special "gothic" teddy bears out of black leather or ]. | |||
| Some Lolitas own ] or other ]s and carry them when wearing the style, often going so far as to dress them to match. Gothic Lolita is extremely common in Japan. | |||
| ==Culture== | |||
| ] | |||
| In Japan it is ], though not widely worn, but has visibility particularly in the streets of ] and ], on television, in ] and ]. The fashion is being picked up worldwide, thanks to the foreign publication of Japanese magazine anthology ], where the outstanding style actually blends in with the other quirky teen trends in Japan. More "faithful" adherents to the style take many influences from the ] and ] periods of European history, believing it to be in the nature of a Lolita to be respectful, polite, and demure at all times; even more extreme adherents are often known to attempt to cultivate interest in hobbies or activities considered appropriate to high-society ladies during these periods, such as ], ], ] and ] styles of music, painting, sewing, and the traditional observance of ]. For the most part, however, most Lolitas live a day-to-day life very similar to any average person. | |||
| ==="Goth" and "Lolita"=== | |||
| Lolita as a fashion is not as strongly associated with a particular style of music or outside interests as Goth, and individual followers of Lolita fashion may listen to a wide variety of music, from Classic music to ] and ]. | |||
| In Japan, ] is a minor subculture with few followers, partly because the emphasis upon visual identity in Japanese youth culture makes other factors such as music and literature less important signifiers, and perhaps partly because ] is a minor religion here. In Japan, people who have heard the term "Goth" usually assume that it is simply a contraction of "Gothic Lolita",{{Fact|date=February 2007}} except for the Goths themselves, who strongly emphasize the differences. Likewise, some non-Japanese observers assume that "Gothic Lolita" is the Japanese version of "Goth", purely on the similarities in fashion.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} | |||
| Previously in Tokyo, the largest "goth" club events, such as "Tokyo Dark Castle", would also attract a noticeable proportion of Gothic Lolita customers. However, since 2005 their numbers have dwindled and such events now primarily attract more typical goth, industrial and metal music fans.{{Fact|date=April 2007}} Concerts of visual kei themed bands are often attended by many Lolitas, but conversely, few goths. | |||
| ===Shopping=== | |||
| Currently the commercial center of the Gothic Lolita subculture is the ''Marui Young'' department store in ], after its predecessor ''Marui One'' closed at the end of August 2004. This large youth-fashion oriented department store has 4 floors entirely devoted to Gothloli and related fashions. Some Gothloli boutiques may be found in the area between ] and ]. | |||
| ===Anime and manga=== | |||
| ] | |||
| More often than not, "Lolita" in anime and manga is generally considered ] and not genuine lolita. | |||
| Some prominent ] and ] featuring Gothic Lolita fashion are '']'', '']'','']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', '']'', ],], many of the works of ], ], and all of the works of ] . | |||
| Some other types of anime include '']'' in which '']'' forces '']'' to wear Lolita wear in her training sessions. | |||
| The 2006 anime, ''Yamato Nadeshiko Shichi Henge'', also known as '']'', features four sisters who attend the high school of the main characters, who are called the Goth Loli sisters (Lassine, Madeline, Roxanne, and Yvone). They are depicted purely as the subject of much comedy and they always leave the scene chanting "Goth! Goth! Loli! Loli!" | |||
| In some manga, such as '']'', lolita fashion is portrayed as a method of individualizing and becoming less shy. Most of these titles appeal primarily to male fans rather than the lolitas themselves; however, large numbers of lolita girls are visible at manga events such as ]. They often buy ] based upon their favorite bands, dolls and movie characters; and some are interested in other kinds of dressing, including ]. However, the Gothic Lolita style should not be considered a cosplay; it is an alternative fashion. | |||
| Most lolitas, especially those who wear the style on a daily basis, state that "we say we're not cosplay, but they don't listen. Of course we're not happy, but there's nothing we can do about it." (translated from the 2ch lolita fashion messageboard introduction) The comments of this style being cosplay is usually from the ] who only know of this fashion through anime and manga. | |||
| ===Outside of Japan=== | |||
| Outside of Japan, the Lolita fashion is limited. Lolita, along with ] and other Japanese cultural phenomena, can sometimes be seen at concerts and ] conventions throughout North America (see ]), the UK, Australia, Mexico, New Zealand, Brazil, Argentina, France, Russia, and the Netherlands. The style is not mass marketed outside of Japan, though small stores have emerged, including "Gothic Lolita" in central ]. Baby, The Stars Shine Bright has a store in Paris and is rumored to be opening another in San Francisco. | |||
| Major brands, such as ], ], ], ] and ] have recently shipped goods to the international market. This is still not widespread, as many of the clothes produced by non-Japanese designers are not accepted by the Lolita community for being inaccurate in portraying the style as related to the British 'goth' or French maid look, and not as high-quality as the expensive Japanese brand clothes. Lolita magazines are widely available for purchase on the internet and at Japanese bookstores, which also deal in ] and ]. However, there is a growing group of dedicated western Lolita fans who wear Lolita clothing on a semi-regular basis, and the ] now has an American version which not only features translated content from the original magazine but also content from a small but growing group of western Lolita designers from around the world such as ], ], ], and ]. Celebrity author ], who is an important figure within Lolita culture and was once involved with Baby, the Stars Shine Bright, traveled to America in 2006 and remarked at a panel on the resourcefulness of western Lolitas, who often make or adapt their own clothing. | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{commonscat|Gothic lolita fashion}} | |||
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