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The '''Okie Dialect''', or '''Oklahoma Dialect''' refers to the subdialect of ] of the ] spoken by residents of the state of ].

It is a byproduct of historic migration of settlers to the state from the ] such as ], ] and ] with its "country-western" sound in the late 19th century.

There's a known ] influence in the dialect by the state's over 50 federally recognized tribal groups, some of them maintained or revived its own native languages to this day.

Variants found in the ] area reflect the influences of Northeastern (i.e. ], ] and ]) oilmen, while those in the northwestern part of the state have some more Midwestern (i.e. ], ] and ]) loanwords and pronunciations.

In ], the arrival of families whose grandparents left in the ], are "returning" ] from the West Coast (]) introduced some ] words and phrases in the dialect.

===Twang===
The Okie Accent is largely characterized by a twang which is the pronunciation of a word with elongated vowels and adding of extra syllables to increase the length of the sound of the words which serve to create a drawl. i.e., the word "get" would be stretched out in a complex but subtle pronunciation of "gee-ut-ah", someone unfamiliar with the dialect or not listening closely would hear simply "git".

== Lexicon ==
Some words used in rural Oklahoma but not in many other American English dialects (or with different meanings) are:

* ''tump '' or ''tip over a container to empty the contents, (tah-uum-pah)
* ''wallered-out '' or '', increase of a circumference (wah'-lurd-ah a-yo-tah)
* ''pertneer '' or '', almost, (purt-neer)
* ''dasent '' or '', dare not

==In Culture==
] wrote ] using an Okie dialect for the main characters. He consulted ] reports written by Tom Collins as a source for the dialect. <ref>(Benson, p. 81)</ref><ref>(Steinbeck, Woolenburg p. ix)</ref><ref>(Davis, p. 139)</ref> The musical '']'' used a spoken Okie dialect. <ref>(McClung, p. 160)</ref>

== Recordings of the Okie accent ==
* Characters: ], ], in the Movie '']''
* Songs: '']'' by ], a country single in the 1960s.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

== References ==
*''Okie Dictionary'', ISBN 0965387410, Authors: Stoney Hardcastle. Publisher: Indian Nations Pub, 1995
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* {{Cite book | last = Benson | first = Jackson | title = Looking for Steinbeck's Ghost | publisher = University of Nevada Press | date = 2002 | location = | pages = 248 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=BBkkI19cXE8C | isbn = 9780874174977}}
* {{Cite book | last = Steinbeck | first = John | coauthors = Charles Wollenberg | title = The Harvest Gypsies: On the Road to the Grapes of Wrath | publisher = Heyday Books | date = 2002 | location = | pages = 64 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=woSBchUi3ygC | isbn = 9781890771614}}
* {{Cite book | last = Davis | first = Clark | coauthors = David Igler | title = The Human Tradition in California | publisher = Rowman and Littlefield | date = 2002 | location = | pages = 253 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=7qUAAB7NemsC | isbn = 9780842050272}}
* {{Cite book | last = McClung | first = Bruce | title = Lady in the Dark: Biography of a Musical | publisher = Oxford University Press US | date = 2007 | location = | pages = 274 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=FSNhRrn-M-gC | isbn = 9780195120127}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite journal | last = Wikle | first = Thomas | coauthors = Guy Bailey | title = Oklahomy Folks Says 'em Different": Axes of Linguistic Variation in Oklahoma | journal = Chronicles of Oklahoma | volume = 75 | issue = 1 | publisher = Oklahoma Historical Society | location = | date = 1997 | url = | issn = | accessdate = }}
==External links==
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{{English dialects by continent}}

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