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Jan Grabowski
Jan Grabowski
Born	1962 (age 61–62) Warsaw
Nationality	Polish-Canadian
Occupation	Historian
Known for	The Holocaust in Poland, 1939-1945 Polish-Jewish relations
Title	Dr.
Academic background
Alma mater	Université de Montréal
Academic work
Institutions	University of Ottawa
Notable works	Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland

Jan Grabowski (born 1962) is a Polish-Canadian professor of history at the University of Ottawa specializing in Canadian history, the Holocaust in Poland, and Jewish-Polish relations in World War II-era Poland. He is a co-founder of the Warsaw-based Polish Center for Holocaust Research.

Early life

Grabowski was born in Warsaw, Poland, in 1962. According to an Israeli newspaper the Haaretz, his father was a Jewish Holocaust survivor from Kraków who took part in the 1944 Warsaw Uprising; his mother, a Christian, came from a family of Polish nobility (szlachta).

Grabowski studied at the University of Warsaw and was active in the Independent Students' Union between 1981 and 1985, where he recalls being involved in the operation of an underground printing press for the Solidarity movement. He received his M.A. degree from the University of Warsaw in 1986.

In 1988 he was invited to continue his Ph.D. work in Canada; travel restrictions had been eased by the communist government, and he was able to leave. He recalls thinking that "communism was this rock that would never budge". He said that if he had known that Poland's communist regime would fall a year later he would have stayed, but he does not regret moving to Canada. He received his Ph.D. from the Université de Montréal in 1994.

Academic career

Grabowski has been a faculty member at the University of Ottawa since 1993. He co-founded Warsaw's Polish Center for Holocaust Research, where he specialises in the Holocaust in Poland as well as in Jewish-Polish relations in World War II-era Poland. During 2016-2017 he was an Ina Levine Invitational Scholar at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, where he conducted research into the Polish Blue Police in German-occupied Poland.

Hunt for the Jews

In 2011 Grabowski published Judenjagd: Polowanie na Zydow 1942-1945, which was followed in 2013 by a revised and updated English-language edition, Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland, and a 2016 revised and updated edition in Hebrew through Yad Vashem. The book describes events of Judenjagd (German: "Jew hunt") from 1942 onwards, focusing on Dąbrowa, a rural county in southeastern Poland. Grabowski describes an entire mechanism set up to persecute Jews:

The German policy was based on terror. Poles faced the death penalty for any help they gave to Jews. Also, the Germans created a so-called “hostage” system among the Poles. In every community they designated people who would be rotated every couple of weeks. They were responsible for informing the Polish police, or the Germans, about Jews hiding in their towns. If a Jew was discovered that had not been reported, the so-called hostages would be harshly punished. So everyone was highly motivated to get rid of the Jews.

While Germans supervised the "mechanism", all of the individuals "manning" it were Poles: village night watchmen, informers, police, firefighters, and others. This dense web made it nearly impossible for fleeting Jews to hide their identity.

According to Grabowski, Poles were responsible for the deaths, directly or indirectly, of more than 200,000 Jews during the Holocaust. He held this estimate to be very conservative, as he did not include victims of the Polish Blue Police. "The great majority of Jews in hiding perished as a consequence of betrayal. They were denounced or simply seized, tied up and delivered by locals to the nearest station of the Polish police, or to the German gendarmerie".

Reception

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The book sparked a public debate in Polish media on the role of Poles in the Holocaust. The book was criticized by several historians, particularly for its estimate that Poles were either directly or indirectly responsible for the deaths of 200,000 Jews during the Holocaust. Poland's embassy to Canada published a statement criticizing Grabowski for "groundless opinions and accusations". In response, the Polish Center for Holocaust Research and a large group of international Holocaust scholars published statements in defense of Grabowski.

In 2014 the book was awarded the Yad Vashem International Book Prize.

Dariusz Stola, a history professor at the Polish Academy of Sciences, reviewed the book's original, 2011 Polish-language edition. "Judenjagd," he wrote, "shows a key role was played by the hostages— village residents... would be punished for the unsatisfactory carrying-out of German orders. Sometimes the hostages themselves were charged with... calling their neighbors out to participate in the round-ups. In this way, solidarity with the hostage... was placed, by the , in the scales against the Jewish fugitive's life. This diabolical mechanism in some measure explains the hostility, observed in many rural communities, to persons who harbored Jews: they could bring disaster not only on themselves but on others." Stola had two reservations about the book. "he author assumed, after an earlier work by Szymon Datner, that the number of fugitives seeking shelter was about 10% of the number of Jews on the eve of the deportations... That 10% is not... an estimate but rather a "guesstimate".... Secondly, a pall of ignorance surrounds... ghetto escapees who were not murdered but died ... Judenjagd speaks not only about the killing but also about the sheltering of Jews... about various... aid tendered disinterested rescuers who risked their own lives to save people who were hunted like animals."

Grzegorz Berendt, a professor at the University of Gdańsk and a member of the Jewish Historical Institute, stated that Grabowski's claim of 200,000 Jews being killed by Poles was "hot air". According to Berendt, available research puts the number of escaped Jews at 50,000; no other number has been established by research. Berendt said that Grabowski's number comes from an interview given 30 years ago by Szymon Datner, who had not studied the whole of Poland, or even just one of its districts. Berendt wrote that it was difficult to accept Grabowski's number as scientific truth. Grabowski replied by rejecting Berendt's assertions about Datner, and offering a differing interpretation of his work.

Historian Bogdan Musial criticized the 2011 edition as improperly sourced, among others lacking in witness statements, archival documents and German statements; and for improperly generalizing the antisemitic attitudes of the perpetrators to the local population. He also wrote that Grabowski ignored the economic hardships and the deportations faced by Poles, which he believes affected the Poles' attitudes towards Jews. Musial claims that, while the book elaborated on antisemitic agitation before the war, it described the Germans' antisemitic campaign in only three sentences. He further claims that the book underestimates the number of Jewish survivors, while inflating the number of Poles complicit in German crimes. Musial notes that Grabowksi does not question statements from Jewish witnesses, but does take issue with those made by Poles. Grabowski rejected Musial's critique, writing that it was an attempt to disparage serious historical research on the basis of its subject matter and conclusions and that it failed to address the quality of the research methodology.

Historian Krystyna Samsonowska of Jagiellonian University, a specialist in Polish-Jewish relations, said in her review that Grabowski did not use all available sources and "gave up" on actual field research; for example, not trying to contact the families of Jews who survived the German occupation in Dąbrowa Tarnowska, or the Poles who hid them. By using broader sources, Samsonowska claimed to have identified by name 90 Jews who had survived the war by hiding in Dąbrowa County, as opposed to the 38 figure given by Grabowski. Samsonowska noted that the number of survivors was probably much higher. She also noted that Grabowski understated by half the number of Polish Righteous among the Nations from Dąbrowa County who had been honored by Yad Vashem for helping Jews.

Przemysław Różański, a professor at the University of Gdańsk, wrote in his review in Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung of the 2011 book that he has a number of reservations regarding the book, namely Grabowski's thesis of Polish participation in the Holocaust, Grabowski's presentation of forced participation of peasants as "cooperation", Grabowski's disregard of the harsh economic conditions faced by Poles in relation to paid rescue of Jews, and Grabowski's choice to cover pre-war antisemitism which imply causation which is uncertain per Różański. However, Różański concludes that despite his reservations, he considers the book a valuable and useful work.

Glenn R. Sharfman, a professor at Oglethorpe University in Atlanta, wrote in his review that Grabowski's work complements the recent works of Jan T. Gross about the murders of Jews away from the primary killing centers, providing evidence of the important role of the Poles in aiding the Nazis. Sharfman writes that any student of the Holocaust will find the testimonies and excerpts in the text useful, but readers with little background might require more context. He notes that Grabowski jumps from testimony to testimony without analysis. According to Sharfman while most Poles were victims of Nazi aggression, and Poles have wanted to be seen as purely victims of aggression, Grabowski illustrates how some Poles played an official or unofficial role in the murder of tens of thousands of Jews, if not more.

Historian Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe, writing in H-Soz-Kult, reviewed three books: Judenjagd by Grabowski, It Was Such a Beautiful Sunny Day by Barbara Engelking, and Golden Harvest by Jan T. Gross. He wrote that all three studies are noteworthy explorations of the Polish participation in the Holocaust, challenging both the German tendency to neglect non-German perpetrators and the Polish perspective of viewing Poles solely as victims. According to Rossoliński-Liebe, Grabowski demonstrates that a broad spectrum of Polish society took part in judenjagd (hunts for the Jews). But Rossoliński-Liebe wrote that he did not think these 2011 works would trigger a new Holocaust debate, as had occurred following Gross's Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland, a decade prior.

Timothy Snyder of Yale University called Judenjagd "the most important in the recent Polish debates about Polish responsibility for the Holocaust", and wrote that Grabowski and Barbara Engelking had recorded the "undeniable fact that most of were murdered as well, perhaps half of them by Poles (following German policy and law) rather than by Germans."

Historian Shimon Redlich, writing about the book in Slavic Review, criticized the book's structure, in particular the lengthy quotations and appendix, the careless "claim of 'hundreds of thousands' of Jews seeking shelter among the Polish populace", which according to Redlich cannot be extrapolated to the whole country based on one single area, as well as language that at times betrayed emotional involvement. However, Redlich said the book "should become required reading for scholars and students of Polish-Jewish relations".

Larry Ray's review of Grabowski’s book called it "a highly systematic and scholarly study of atrocities and collaboration", and "an essential contribution to knowledge of the Holocaust and Polish-Jewish relations".

Michael Fleming's review commended the book's insights into how rural Poles were, not infrequently, complicit with German genocide, challenging readers' myths.

Historian Jack Fischel in a Jewish Book Council review, wrote that "One concludes from Grabowski’s important study that without the often unforced, and sometimes enthusiastic support of non-German volunteers and helpers, the Germans would not have succeeded as completely as they did during the Holocaust."

Historian Łukasz Męczykowski, in a histmag.org review of the 2011 book, wrote that, while some historians try to seek truth calmly and impartially, others prefer passing condemnatory judgments, and Grabowski had chosen the latter path: Grabowski was largely focused on finding those who were supposedly guilty of collaboration, and was averse to acknowledging those who had showed commendable behavior. Męczykowski noted that Grabowski incorrectly accused Poland's Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) of trying to inflate the number of Polish citizens who helped Jews. Męczykowski wrote that Grabowski had contradicted himself on certain points. Also that Grabowski, in calling upon Poles to admit their guilt, seemed unaware that there had long since been an ongoing debate in Poland about Polish participation in atrocities against Jews, including educational programs prepared by Poland's IPN, which contradicted Grabowski's statements about the Institute.

Historian Samuel Kassow, in a review essay in Yad Vashem Studies, wrote, of Grabowski's book and those of three other scholars (Alina Skibinska, Barbara Engelking, and Dariusz Libionka), that they "are a historical achievement of the first order." He described them as undermining "the self-serving myths about Polish-Jewish relations in World War II", and as being works of careful and objective scholarship.

Rosa Lehmann, writing in The American Historical Review, found Grabowski's work to be outstanding and firmly grounded in solid research. According to Lehmann, the book illuminates the struggle of survival and circumstances of death of the some 10 percent of the 2.5 million Polish-Jews who attempted to seek refuge on the "Aryan" side among hostile peasant gentiles. According to Lehmann, Grabowski shows how this created a dichotomy between Jewish and gentile perceptions of the Holocaust, Jews holding Polish peasants responsible for Jewish suffering and death, while Polish accounts trivialize the Polish involvement and paradoxically stress the "helping phenomenon" in wartime Poland. Lehmann writes that the evidence in the book shows that the category of "bystander" should be reevaluated, as the attitudes of the local population had fundamental and existential importance for escaping Jews. Lehmann finds interesting Grabowski's conclusion that the murder of some 700 Jews in incidents and pogroms in post-war Poland are an inherent continuation of the wartime practice of Judenjagd. Lehmann concludes by recommending the book for those interested in Polish-Jewish relations and Holocaust studies.

Historian Joshua D. Zimmerman's review in The Journal of Modern History found Grabowski's work to be a "weighty, superbly researched study" that punctuated the myth of Polish innocence during the Holocaust. According to Zimmerman, Grabowski's study was not about defaming or glorifying Poland, but rather about the evidence.

Historian John-Paul Himka's review in the East European Jewish Affairs journal, found "Grabowski's exploration of how the moral climate in rural Poland became fatally skewed during the Nazi occupation" to be innovative and enlightening. Himka noted that the young Polish men of the Baudienst yunaki took part in Jew hunts with particular relish, Grabowski recording the atrocities in chilling detail. Himka concluded: "This is a well-written, well-researched, highly illuminating study that takes us deep into the mechanisms of the Holocaust in rural Poland. In short: a brilliant book, and a harrowing read."

Controversy

The Polish website Fronda.pl ran a piece with the headline, "Sieg Heil, Mr. Grabowski", accompanied by a photo of Joseph Goebbels, following the publication of a favorable review of the historian's book in a German newspaper. Grabowski sued the website's owner for libel and won in 2017.

In June 2017, the Polish League Against Defamation released a statement signed by 134 Polish scientists protesting the "false and harmful portrayal of Poles and Poland during the Second World War and attempts to blame the Polish Nation for the Holocaust", which was sent to Grabowski's employer, the University of Ottawa, to all the colleges with which he was affiliated, and to all the publishers of his books. The statement pointed to German efforts to exterminate the Polish population itself, which made its occupation by Germany different from western Europe's occupation; numerous examples of Poles' assistance given to Jews; Poland's many wartime international protests at the plight of the Jewish population in German-occupied Poland; and the complexity of Polish-Jewish relations, aggravated by the Soviet occupation of eastern Poland.

Grabowski has been boycotted by the Polish-Canadian community, and Polish groups have attempted to have him fired from his academic position. According to multiple media reports, Grabowski has faced harassment and death threats, leading to increased security patrols in his department at the University of Ottawa.

Other historians quickly responded in June 2017 to defend Grabowski's work: the Polish Center for Holocaust Research, which Grabowski co-founded, released a counter-letter signed by seven Holocaust historians, saying that "None of the 134 signatories is a Holocaust historian" and that "All these economists, linguists, oncologists, chemists, nuclear physicists, engineers, constructors of electromechanical appliances, environmental geologists, ethnomusicologists, theatrologists and priest professors present themselves as Holocaust experts, but cannot even quote the sources they refer to." In addition, some 180 international historians of modern European history signed an open letter in June 2017 in Grabowski's defense, saying his work "holds to the highest standards of academic research" and that the Polish League Against Defamation puts forth a "distorted and whitewashed version of the history of Poland during the Holocaust era". The historians further said they considered the campaign against Grabowski to be "an attack on academic freedom and integrity."

Concerns about academic freedom in Poland increased after its national legislature passed a bill in February 2018 prohibiting accusing Poland "of being complicit in the Holocaust, punishable by up to three years in prison." As the BBC noted, this was a "blunt instrument" in efforts to control the study of Poland's past.

Views

Grabowski has deplored plans for a monument to rescuers of Jews, to be located at Grzybowski Square, which was part of the wartime Warsaw Ghetto. He sees it as an attempt to rewrite history by inflating the role of the rescuers. Grabowski describes the rescuers as a "desperate, hunted, tiny minority" who were the exception to the rule. The ghetto site, he says, should be dedicated to Jewish suffering, and not to Polish courage.

Grabowski has criticized the Ulma Family Museum of Poles Who Saved Jews in World War II, in Markowa, which opened in 2016, for being too limited in its approach. He believed that it should have provided information and context about the Polish neighbors of the Ulma family and other persons who aided Jews. For instance, he said it should explore who had collaborated locally with the Germans, and what was the reaction of the local community when the Ulma family and the Jews they were sheltering were killed. The garden of the museum will have plaques identifying the names of 1,500 towns where the nearly 6,700 Poles who aided Jews have been recognized by Yad Vashem as Righteous among the Nations. Grabowski has stressed in other interviews that this number represents very few among the Polish population, and that they feared their neighbors. He believes that Polish authorities are using the Ulma Museum to suggest that the "rescue of Jews was widespread in occupied Poland."

In 2018, following the Polish Parliament's adoption of a controversial Amendment to Poland's Act on the Institute of National Remembrance that would penalize "slandering or libeling the Polish nation" by accusing it of being complicit with the Holocaust, with imprisonment for up to three years, Grabowski compared the new legislation to pre-1939 law that had stipulated punishment for slandering Poland. Grabowski said that the Israeli government should refrain from dialogue with the Polish government about changes to Poland's Holocaust law, as, "given the current level of expressed anti-Semitism, I don’t think that any official meetings on this topic should take place." He further said, "The mass murder of Polish Jews was not abstract. It happened inside the space of the Polish nation, so this is why you cannot pretend that this is only a German-Jewish affair. There are no Polish bystanders in the Holocaust."

Bibliography

• Historia Kanady, 2001, a survey of Canadian history in Polish.
• "Ja tego Żyda znam!" Szantażowanie Żydów w Warszawie, 1939-1943, 2004, covering blackmailing (szmalcownik) of Jews in Warsaw during 1939-1943. According to Grabowski, blackmailers were not from the social margins but were rather ordinary craftsmen, from good families.
• Rescue for Money: ‘Paid Helpers’ in Poland, 1939-1945 (2008), Search and Research Series, Jerusalem, Yad Vashem–The International Institute for Holocaust Research, 2008 ISBN 9789653083257. Discusses patterns of Poles' rescue of Jews, in particular, payments made by Jews to Poles for their aid.
• (with Barbara Engelking) Żydów łamiących prawo należy karać śmiercią! "Przestępczość" Żydów w Warszawie, 1939-1942, discussing criminal behavior in the Warsaw Ghetto.
• (with Barbara Engelking) Zarys krajobrazu: wieś polska wobec zagłady Żydów 1942-1945, 2011, discussing the situation of Jews trying to hide in the Polish countryside during the Holocaust.
• (edited with Dariusz Libionka) Klucze i kasa: o mieniu żydowskim w Polsce pod okupacją niemiecką i we wczesnych latach powojennych, 1939-1950, 2011, discussing the theft of Jewish property during the Holocaust and after the war.
• Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland,  Indiana University Press, 2013, 312 pp., ISBN 978-02-53010-74-2.
• (edited with Dariusz Libionka) Klucze i Kasa. Losy mienia żydowskiego w okupowanej Polsce, 1939-1945, Warsaw: Stowarzyszenie Centrum Badań nad Zagładą, 2014, 628 pp., ISBN 978-83-63444-35-8
• ציד היהודים; בגידה ורצח בפולין בימי הכיבוש הגרמני, Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, 2016, ISBN 9789653085312
• (edited with Barbara Engelking) Dalej jest Noc. Losy Żydów w wybranych powiatach okupowanej Polski, Warsaw: Stowarzyszenie Centrum Badań nad Zagładą, 2018, 1640 pp., ISBN 978-83-63444-60-0

References

1. ^ Ofer Aderet, "'Orgy of Murder': The Poles Who 'Hunted' Jews and Turned Them Over to the Nazis", Ha'aretz, 11 February 2017.
2. ^ Lough, Shannon (26 Feb 2014). "Twenty-five years since the fall of communism in Poland (interview)".
3. Snyder, Donald (21 Jan 2015). "The Summer Polish Jews Were Hunted". The Forward.
4. "Fellow Dr. Jan Grabowski". USHMM website.
5. Grabowski, Jan (2 May 2017). "The Polish Police Collaboration in the Holocaust" (PDF).
6. Grabowski, Jan, (2011). Judenjagd : polowanie na Żydów 1942-1945: studium dziejów pewnego powiatu (Wyd. 1 ed.). Warszawa: Stowarzyszenie Centrum Badań nad Zagładą Żydów. ISBN 9788393220236. OCLC 715338569.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
7. Grabowski, Jan, (2013). Hunt for the Jews : betrayal and murder in German-occupied Poland. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253010742. OCLC 868951735.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
8. Poland’s dark hunt, Macleans, 7 Oct 2013
9. ^ Holocaust writer Grabowski faces Polish fury, Jewish Chronicle, 18 Oct. 2013.
10. Donald Snyder, "The Summer Polish Jews Were Hunted" , The Forward, 21 January 2015
11. "The Holocaust Activist Who’s Warning Poland — About Danger Posed By Jews", The Forward, Larry Cohler-Esses, 5 November 2017
12. "Understanding Poland's ‘Holocaust law’", Politifact, 9 March 2018
13. "Poland’s dark hunt", Macleans, 7 Oct 2013
14. ^ "Hunt for the Jews snags Yad Vashem book prize", Times of Israel (JTA), 8 December 2014.
15. ^ "Canadian historian joins uproar in Israel over Polish Holocaust law", CBC, 20 Feb. 2018.
16. ^ "Historians defend prof who wrote of Poles' Holocaust complicity". Times of Israel (JTA). 13 June 2017.
17. Wildt, Michael (19 June 2017). "Solidarity with Jan Grabowski". Retrieved 8 April 2018.
18. Perkel, Colin (June 20, 2017). "University of Ottawa scholar says he's a target of Polish 'hate' campaign | CBC News". CBC. The Canadian Press. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
19. "Professor Jan Grabowski wins the 2014 Yad Vashem International Book Prize", Yad Vashem, 4 December 2014.
20. Dariusz Stola, "Ofiary zakładników" ("Victims of Hostages": a review of Jan Grabowski, Judenjagd Polowanie na Żydów 1942–1945. Studium dziejów pewnego powiatu , Warsaw, Stowarzyszenie Centrum Badań nad Zagładą Żydów, 2011), Polityka, 12 March 2011, pp. 58–59.
21. Grzegorz Berendt (24 February 2017). ""The Polish People Weren't Tacit Collaborators with Nazi Extermination of Jews" (opinion)". Haaretz.
22. Jan Grabowski, "No, Poland's Elites Didn't Try to Save the Jews During the Holocaust", Haaretz, 19 March 2017
23. Musial, Bogdan (2011). "Judenjagd – 'umiejętne działanie' czy zbrodnicza perfidia?"". Dzieje Najnowsze: kwartalnik poświęcony historii XX wieku (in Polish). 43 (2). Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences. {{cite journal}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (help)
24. Grabowski, Jan (2011). "Rżnięcie nożem po omacku, czyli polemika historyczna a la Bogdan Musiał" (PDF). Dzieje Najnowsze (in Polish).
25. Samsonowska, Krystyna (July 2011). "Dąbrowa Tarnowska - nieco inaczej. (Dąbrowa Tarnowska - not quite like that)". Więź. 7: 75–85.
26. Jan Grabowski: Judenjagd. Polowanie na Żydów 1942-1945. Studium dziejów pewnego powiatu (review), Przemysław Różański, Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, 61 (2012) H. 4
27. Glenn Sharfman (2015) Review: 'Hunt for Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland', History: Reviews of New Books, 43:3, 104
28. Grzegorz Rossolinski-Liebe: Rezension zu: Grabowski, Jan: Judenjagd. Polowanie na Żydów 1942-1945. Studium dziejów pewnego powiatu [Jagd auf Juden 1942-1945. Forschungen über die Geschichte eines Kreises]. Warschau 2011 / Engelking, Barbara: Jest taki piekny słoneczny dzień…. Losy Żydów szukających ratunku na wsi polskiej 1942-1945 [Es ist so ein schöner sonniger Tag… Schicksale von Juden, die in polnischen Dörfern zwischen 1942 und 1945 Rettung suchten]. Warschau 2011 / Gross, Jan Tomasz; Grudzińska-Gross, Irena (Hrsg.): Złote żniwa. Rzecz o tym, co się działo na obrzeżach zagłady Żydów [Goldene Ernte. Bericht darüber, was am Rande der Judenvernichtung geschah]. Krakau 2011 , in: H-Soz-Kult, 18.04.2012
29. Jagd auf Juden 1942-1945. Forschungen über die Geschichte eines Kreises. Warschau 2011 / Engelking, Barbara: Jest taki piekny słoneczny dzień…. Losy Żydów szukających ratunku na wsi polskiej 1942-1945 . Warschau: 2011 / Gross, Jan Tomasz; Grudzińska-Gross, Irena (Hrsg.): Złote żniwa. Rzecz o tym, co się działo na obrzeżach zagłady Żydów . Krakau: 2011, in: H-Soz-Kult, 18.04.2012 (English Translation)], The American Association for Polish-Jewish Studies, Translated by Bill Templer
30. Snyder, Timothy (20 December 2012). "Hitler's Logical Holocaust". The New York Review of Books.
31. "Hunt for the Jews". Indiana University Press.
32. WHAT DO HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS THINK OF ‘POLISH DEATH CAMPS’?, JPost, 3 Feb 2018
33. ^ Redlich, Shimon, "Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland, by Grabowski, Jan. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2013", Slavic Review, 73.3 (2014), pp. 652-53.
34. Ray, Larry (Winter 2014). "Review". Holocaust Studies: A Journal of Culture & History. 20 (3): 204–208.
35. Fleming, Michael (April 11, 2016). "Jan Grabowski, Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland (review)". European History Quarterly: 357–9.
36. Fischel, Jack. "Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland (review)". Jewish Book Council.
37. "Łukasz Marek Męczykowski | Serwis główny UG". ug.edu.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2018-04-01.
38. "Jan Grabowski – Judenjagd. Polowanie na Żydów 1942-1945" – recenzja Łukasz Męczykowski
39. Kassow, Samuel (2013). "Essay review of : Jan Grabowski, Judenjagd, B. Engelking, Jest Taki Piekny Sloneczny dzien and B. Engelking and J. Grabowski, Zarys Krajobrazu". Yad Vashem Studies. v. 41 (1), : 216–217.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
40. JAN GRABOWSKI. Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland (review), Rosa Lehmann, The American Historical Review, vol. 121, issue 4 (1 October 2016), pp. 1382–83.
41. Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland, by Jan Grabowski (review), Joshua D. Zimmerman, The Journal of Modern History, vol. 88, no. 1, March 2016.
42. Himka, John-Paul. "Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland.", East European Jewish Affairs, (2014): 271-273.
43. ^ "Stanowczo sprzeciwiamy się działalności i wypowiedziom Jana Grabowskiego". OŚWIADCZENIE W Polityce.pl, 7.6.2017
44. The truth about Poland, Legion Magazine, Stephen J. Thorne, 14 Feb 2018
45. "A Polish Historian's Accounting of the Holocaust Divides His Countrymen", The Chronicle of Higher Education, 25 June 2012
46. ^ "International historians defend Ottawa scholar who studies Poland and Holocaust", Vanessa Gera, The Associated Press, 20 June 2017
47. Holocaust law wields a 'blunt instrument' against Poland's past, BBC, 3 Feb 2018
48. "Poland's Dueling Holocaust Monuments to 'Righteous Gentiles' Spark Painful Debate", Forward, 27 April 2014.
49. "Poland Plans Monument to Righteous Gentiles on Site of Warsaw Ghetto", Forward, 17 April 2013.
50. "Polish Museum Honoring Poles Who Saved Jews Arouses Controversy", Haaretz, 22 March 2016.
51. Aneta Gieroń, Oblicza Kultury (Faces of Culture): "Przy Muzeum Ulmów w Markowej powstaje Sad Pamięci" (The Memorial Hall is being established at the Ulma Museum in Markowa), Biznesistyl (Poland), 21 July 2017; accessed 2 April 2018
52. POLISH HISTORIAN: PENALTIES FOR NEW POLISH LAW RESEMBLE PRE-WAR PUNISHMENT, 20 Feb. 2018, Jerusalem Post.
53. Polish Historian: Entering Dialogue With Poland on Holocaust Bill Is 'The Last Thing' Israel Should Do, Haaretz, 19 Feb. 2018
54. ^ Jan Grabowski at Polish Center for Holocaust Research
55. From Rupert's Land to Canada, By John Elgin Foster, R. C. Macleod, Theodore Binnema, page xxx
56. Jak Polska długa i szeroka (interview), Wyborcza, 10 Jan 2011
57. Alltag im Holocaust: Jüdisches Leben im Großdeutschen Reich 1941-1945, edited by Andrea Löw, Doris L. Bergen, Anna Hájková, page 6
58. ZARYS KRAJOBRAZU. WIEŚ POLSKA WOBEC ZAGŁADY ŻYDÓW 1942-1945, The Union of Jewish Communities in Poland, Katarzyna Markusz, 23 Nov 2011
59. FORECKI: NASZE MIENIE „POŻYDOWSKIE”, Krytyka Polityczna, Piotr Forecki, 14 December 2014

External links

• Homepage at the University of Ottawa
• Biography on the website of Polish Center for Holocaust Research

• 1962 births
• Polish historians
• Canadian historians
• University of Ottawa faculty
• Historians of the Holocaust
• Polish emigrants to Canada
• University of Warsaw alumni
• Université de Montréal alumni
• Living people