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| {{Redirect|CE2|the French elementary school grade|Education in France|the year|AD 2}} | |||
| {{chembox | |||
| | Verifiedfields = changed | |||
| | Watchedfields = changed | |||
| | verifiedrevid = 477003063 | |||
| | ImageFile = creatine ethyl ester.png | |||
| | ImageSize = | |||
| | IUPACName = Ethyl ''N''-(aminoiminomethyl)-''N''-methylglycine | |||
| | OtherNames = | |||
| |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | |||
| | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| | ChemSpiderID = 8373317 | |||
| | InChI = 1/C6H13N3O2/c1-3-11-5(10)4-9(2)6(7)8/h3-4H2,1-2H3,(H3,7,8) | |||
| | InChIKey = UFUWQSYRGLMLKP-UHFFFAOYAK | |||
| | SMILES1 = O=C(OCC)CN(C(=)N)C | |||
| | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| | StdInChI = 1S/C6H13N3O2/c1-3-11-5(10)4-9(2)6(7)8/h3-4H2,1-2H3,(H3,7,8) | |||
| | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| | StdInChIKey = UFUWQSYRGLMLKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |||
| | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}} | |||
| | CASNo = 15366-29-7 | |||
| | PubChem = 10197817 | |||
| | SMILES = NC(N(C)CC(OCC)=O)=N | |||
| }} | |||
| |Section2={{Chembox Properties | |||
| | C=6|H=13|N=3|O=2 | |||
| | Appearance = | |||
| | Density = | |||
| | MeltingPt = | |||
| | BoilingPt = | |||
| | Solubility = | |||
| | pKa = 2.67, 11.2, 6 | |||
| }} | |||
| |Section3={{Chembox Hazards | |||
| | MainHazards = | |||
| | FlashPt = | |||
| | AutoignitionPt = | |||
| }} | |||
| }} | |||
| '''Creatine ethyl ester''', also known as '''creatine ester''', '''cre-ester''' and '''CEE''', is a substance sold as an aid for athletic performance and for muscle development in ]. It is an ] ] derivative of ], from which it is made. In the body, CEE is converted back into creatine.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} CEE is said to have a much better absorption rate and a longer ] in the body than regular ], because it is slightly more ].{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} It is also proposed to bypass the creatine transporter, thereby increasing skeletal muscle uptake of creatine and leading to an increased ability to regenerate ATP.<ref name="Spillane2009">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1186/1550-2783-6-6 | pmc = 2649889 | title = The effects of creatine ethyl ester supplementation combined with heavy resistance training on body composition, muscle performance, and serum and muscle creatine levels | pmid = 19228401 | year = 2009 | last1 = Spillane | first1 = Mike | last2 = Schoch | first2 = Ryan | last3 = Cooke | first3 = Matt | last4 = Harvey | first4 = Travis | last5 = Greenwood | first5 = Mike | last6 = Kreider | first6 = Richard | last7 = Willoughby | first7 = Darryn S | journal = Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition | volume = 6 | pages = 6}}</ref> However, in a published study comparing the two, CEE was not as effective at increasing serum and muscle creatine levels or in improving body composition, muscle mass, strength, and power.<ref name="Spillane2009" /> The same study found CEE to be comparable to placebo. | |||
| Research published in 2013 found that creatine ethyl ester is likely to be no better than taking creatine.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.06.037|title=Non-enzymatic hydrolysis of creatine ethyl ester|year=2009|last1=Katseres|first1=Nicholas S.|last2=Reading|first2=David W.|last3=Shayya|first3=Luay|last4=Dicesare|first4=John C.|last5=Purser|first5=Gordon H.|journal=Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications|volume=386|issue=2|pages=363–7|pmid=19524547}}</ref> <ref>{{cite news|publisher=University of Tulsa|title=Analysis of Creatine Ethyl Ester: TU researchers bust myth on popular nutritional supplement|url=http://www.utulsa.edu/academics/colleges/college-of-engineering-and-natural-sciences/departments-and-schools/Department-of-Chemistry-and-Biochemistry/Research/analysis-of-creatine-ethyl-ester.aspx}}</ref> | |||
| As a supplement, the compound was developed, patented and licensed through ], the technology transfer entity of the ], and is sold under numerous brand names. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 14:02, 8 May 2018
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