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| This article contains additional biographical information about ''']''' that is not on the main page. | |||
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| ==Early years== | |||
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| ]s in 2004. Photo courtesy of ] ()]] | |||
| Tesla was born "at the stroke of midnight" with lightning striking during a summer storm. He was born in ] near ], ], (the ] of the ], now in ]). The midwife commented, "He'll be a child of the storm," to which his mother replied, "No, of light." Tesla was ] in the Old Slavonic Church rite. His Baptism Certificate reports that he was born on June 28 (]; July 10 in the ]) ], and christened by the Serbian orthodox ], Toma Oklobdžija. | |||
| His father was ] ], a ] priest in the ] which gathered the Serbs of the "Greek-rite" as they were legally referred to in Austria-Hungary at the time. His father's church in ] was destroyed in the ]. His mother was ], a housewife talented in making home craft tools. Nikola was one of five children, having one brother and three sisters. His ], ], was a Captain in the Krajina army. His family moved to Gospić in ]. Tesla went to school in ] (then Austria-Hungary), then studied electrical engineering at the ] in ], ] (]). While there, he studied the uses of alternating current. He also developed a ] ] (or ]). | |||
| In ] he moved to ] to work for the ] company, ]. On the opening of the telephone exchange in ], ], Tesla became the chief electrician to the telephone company, later engineer to the ] government and the country's first telephone system. Tesla invented a precursor to modern ], known as a telephone repeater (or sometimes an amplifier). The device could act as an ] ] (not an audio ]). The device had its ] tuned to a particular ] of other repeaters to communicate between each. In ], Tesla described the prior developed audio transducers. According to Tesla, it was the "... ''implest ways ] ...] the low frequency gave audible notes. placed a ], a wire or a coil, and then Tesla would get a note characteristics of the audible note''". The audible sounds were of the quality of the telephones diaphragms of that period of time. The invention was never patented nor released publicly (till years later by Tesla himself). The device also contained the characteristics of modern wireless telephones. | |||
| For a while he stayed in ]. He was employed at his first job as an assistant engineer. Tesla suffered a nervous breakdown during this time. In ] he moved to ] to work as an engineer for the ]. He worked designing improvements to electric equipment. In the same year, Tesla conceived of the induction motor and began developing various devices that use rotating ]s (for which he received patents in ]). Tesla visualized the rotating fields and thereby designed the induction motor. Tesla hastened from Paris to his mother's side as she lay dying, arriving hours before her death in ]. Her last words to him were, "You've arrived, Nidzo, my pride." After her death, Tesla fell ill. He spent two to three weeks recuperating in Gospić and the village of ] near Gračac, the birthplace of his mother. All his life, Tesla kept a home-spun embroidered travel bag from his mother. | |||
| == 1930's == | |||
| In ], Tesla wrote to consul Janković of his homeland. The letter contained the message of gratitude to ] who initiated a donation scheme by which American companies could support Tesla. Tesla refused the assistance, and chose to live by a modest pension received from ] and to continue researching. | |||
| ==Nobel rumors== | |||
| Due to the fact that the ] was awarded to Marconi for radio in ], it was believed that Tesla and Edison were to share the ] (or 1915; some accounts differ). Tesla's rumored nomination for the Nobel Prize in Physics was primarily for his experiments with tuned circuits using high-voltage high-frequency resonant transformers. It was possible that Tesla was told of the plans of the physics award committee and let it be known that he would not share the award with Edison. | |||
| ==Education== | |||
| * In addition to his native ], Tesla also spoke ], ], ], and ]. He may also have spoken ], ] and/or ]. | |||
| * Elementary school: ] (Austria-Hungary) | |||
| * Secondary school: ] (Austria-Hungary) | |||
| *Undergraduate | |||
| ** Baccalaureate of Physics: ] (]) | |||
| ** Baccalaureate of Mathematics: ] (]) | |||
| ** Baccalaureate of Mechanical Engineering: ] (]) | |||
| ** Baccalaureate of Electrical Engineering: ] (]) | |||
| *Graduate studies | |||
| ** PhD in Physics: ] (]) | |||
| ==Views on war== | |||
| Tesla believed that ] could not be avoided until the cause for its recurrence was removed, but was opposed to wars in general. He possessed a hatred of war, from his parents and homeland, and sought to end warfare scientifically by devising protective measures that would prevent wars. He found exceptions and some justifiable situations where conflict was necessary. He envisioned wars of machines, not of humans, and of more terrible weapons in the future. He sought to reduce distance, such as in communication (for better understanding), transportation, and transmission of energy, as a means to insure friendly international relations. | |||
| A system for "Projecting Concentrated Non-Dispersive Energy Through Natural Media" known as '']'' was reportedly developed later in his life. Teleforce was supposed to have been a type of defensive particle-beam weapon. | |||
| == Death and After == | |||
| In ], a ] statue of Tesla was placed at Niagara Falls. | |||
| A similar statue was also erected in the Tesla's hometown of Gospic in the 1981. | |||
| Statue was dynamited by the croatian forces in 1991. | |||
| Perhaps because of Tesla's personal eccentricity and the dramatic nature of his demonstrations, ] about applications of his work persist. The common Hollywood stereotype of the "]" mirrors Tesla's real-life persona, or at least a caricature of it—which may be no accident considering that many of the earliest such movies (including the first movie version of ]'s ]) were produced by Tesla's old rival, Thomas Edison. There are at least two films describing Tesla's life. In the first, arranged for TV, Tesla was portrayed by ]. In ], ] produced a ]n film named ''Tajna Nikole Tesle'' (The Secret of Nikola Tesla), in which Welles himself played the part of Tesla's patron, ]. | |||
| ==Records seized== | |||
| According to ] aquired via ] request, the sum of Tesla's possessions ("consisting of about two truckloads of material... approximately thirty barrels and bundles") were seized, upon his death in ], by agents of the (now defunct) ]. One document states that " is reported to have some 80 trunks in different places containing transcripts and plans having to do with his experiments... " | |||
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