Revision as of 05:08, 28 January 2021 editCitation bot (talk | contribs)Bots5,393,169 edits Alter: title. Add: author pars. 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were actually parameter name changes. | You can use this bot yourself. Report bugs here. | Suggested by Abductive | via #UCB_webform 19/998← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 14:22, 18 December 2024 edit undoHeythereimaguy (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users1,721 editsm Reverted 1 edit by 154.117.148.114 (talk) to last revision by APKTags: Twinkle Undo | ||
(105 intermediate revisions by 88 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
⚫ | {{short description|Fictional species in the Star Wars universe}} | ||
{{distinguish|Wookiee}} | {{distinguish|Wookiee}} | ||
{{other uses}} | {{other uses}} | ||
{{pp- |
{{pp-move}} | ||
{{pp- |
{{pp-pc}} | ||
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2020}} | {{Use mdy dates|date=March 2020}} | ||
⚫ | {{short description|Fictional |
||
{{Infobox fictional race | {{Infobox fictional race | ||
| name = |
| name = Ewoks | ||
| |
| series = ] | ||
| |
| image = Wicket W Warrick.png | ||
| caption = Wicket W. Warrick, a typical ewok, as seen in ''Return of the Jedi'' | |||
⚫ | | home_world = ] | ||
| first = '']'' (1983) | |||
| distinctions = Primitive, curious, friendly, courageous, intelligent | |||
⚫ | | home_world = ] | ||
| distinctions = Furry, short stature | |||
| language = ] | |||
}} | }} | ||
'''Ewoks''' are a fictional species of small, furry |
The '''Ewoks''' (singular: '''Ewok''') are a ] of small, furry, ]oid, ]s in the '']'' universe. They inhabit the forest moon of ] and live in arboreal huts and other simple dwellings, being seen as primitive in comparison with other ] species. Ewoks debuted in the 1983 feature film '']'' and have since appeared in two ], '']'' (1984) and '']'' (1985), as well as ], several books and games, and briefly in the 2019 feature film '']''. | ||
==Concept and creation== | ==Concept and creation== | ||
] created the Ewoks because he wanted '']'' to feature a tribe of primitive creatures that bring down the technological Empire. He had originally intended the scenes to be set on the ], but as the film series evolved, the ] became technologically skilled. Lucas reversed the syllables to designate a new species,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Zurowski|first=Monica|date=1990-01-19|title=Lucas Testifies in Calgary Court That 'Jedi' Ewoks Were His Idea|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-01-19-ca-189-story.html|access-date=2020-10-03|website=Los Angeles Times| |
] created the Ewoks because he wanted '']'' to feature a tribe of primitive creatures that bring down the technological Empire. He had originally intended the scenes to be set on the ], but as the film series evolved, the ] became technologically skilled. Lucas reversed the syllables to designate a new species,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Zurowski|first=Monica|date=1990-01-19|title=Lucas Testifies in Calgary Court That 'Jedi' Ewoks Were His Idea|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-01-19-ca-189-story.html|access-date=2020-10-03|website=Los Angeles Times|archive-date=May 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506162415/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-01-19-ca-189-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> which rhymes with the ], a Native American tribe indigenous to the ] in which the ] scenes were filmed for ''Return of the Jedi''.<ref>{{Cite news|author=Eric P. Nash|date=26 January 1997|title=The Names Came From Earth|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/26/movies/the-names-came-from-earth.html|access-date=February 16, 2017|archive-date=July 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701230710/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/26/movies/the-names-came-from-earth.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He also based the Ewoks' defeat of the Galactic Empire on the actions of the ] guerrillas who fought against American soldiers during the ].<ref>George Lucas, "making of" documentary on the ''Return of the Jedi'' 2004 DVD release.</ref> | ||
As Wookiees were tall, Lucas wanted the new species short.<ref>George Lucas, commentary track on the ''Return of the Jedi'' DVD.</ref> Using the image of the ], a dog breed which Lucas owned, the Ewok was developed by renowned make-up artist ].<ref>. Sky News. Retrieved February 8, 2013</ref><ref>. CNN. Retrieved February 8, 2013</ref> As presented in the films, Ewoks appear as stocky, ] bipeds which stand about one metre tall. They have flat faces, are completely covered in fur, and have large jewel-like eyes. Both their fur and their eyes come in a variety of earth tones, primarily brown, white, grey, gold, and black. Only the costume of the Ewok portrayed by ] had moving facial features,<ref>{{cite book |last=Daniels |first=Anthony |title=I Am C-3PO: The Inside Story |date=2019 |publisher=DK |isbn=9781465492562}}</ref> though the |
A few different creatures, such as the stilt-legged Yuzzums, were proposed before the diminutive bear-like design of the Ewoks was settled on.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://uproxx.com/hitfix/175-days-until-star-wars-these-unused-concepts-that-wouldve-changed-star-wars-forever/|title=175 days until ''Star Wars'': These unused concepts would've changed ''Star Wars'' forever|publisher=]|first=Donna|last=Dickens|date=June 26, 2015|access-date=March 16, 2017|archive-date=March 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316205013/http://uproxx.com/hitfix/175-days-until-star-wars-these-unused-concepts-that-wouldve-changed-star-wars-forever/|url-status=live}}</ref> As Wookiees were tall, Lucas wanted the new species short.<ref>George Lucas, commentary track on the ''Return of the Jedi'' DVD.</ref> Using the image of the ], a dog breed which Lucas owned, the Ewok was developed by renowned make-up artist ].<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130213072443/http://news.sky.com/story/1048965/star-wars-make-up-artist-stuart-freeborn-dies |date=February 13, 2013 }}. Sky News. Retrieved February 8, 2013</ref><ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208161433/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/02/06/showbiz/obit-star-wars-stuart-freeborn/index.html |date=February 8, 2013 }}. CNN. Retrieved February 8, 2013</ref> As presented in the films, Ewoks appear as stocky, ] bipeds which stand about one metre tall. They have flat faces, are completely covered in fur, and have large jewel-like eyes. Both their fur and their eyes come in a variety of earth tones, primarily brown, white, grey, gold, and black. Only the costume of the Ewok portrayed by ] had moving facial features,<ref>{{cite book |last=Daniels |first=Anthony |title=I Am C-3PO: The Inside Story |date=2019 |publisher=DK |isbn=9781465492562}}</ref> though the 2011 ] release of ''Return of the Jedi'' added eye blinks to all of the Ewoks.<ref>{{cite web |last=Chitwood |first=Adam |title=More Changes to STAR WARS Include Blinking Ewoks and Different Cut of Greedo Shooting First |url=https://collider.com/star-wars-blu-ray-changes-2/ |website=Collider |access-date=November 28, 2019 |date=September 1, 2011 |archive-date=December 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207162258/https://collider.com/star-wars-blu-ray-changes-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite their small size, Ewoks are strong; in the climactic battle scene of the film, they are shown physically overpowering and once even throwing ], though this detail is not consistent throughout the film. Ewoks live high among the trees of their home moon's forests, in villages built on platforms between the closely spaced trees. | ||
===Ewokese language=== | |||
⚫ | An |
||
<!-- ] redirects here. --> | |||
⚫ | An '''Ewokese''' language was created for the films by ''Return of the Jedi''{{'s}} ] ]. On the commentary track for the DVD of ''Return of the Jedi'', Burtt explains that the language is based on ], a ] spoken by the ] of ]. Burtt heard the language in a ] and liked its sound, which seems very alien to ] ears. After some research, he identified an 80-year-old Kalmyk ]. Burtt recorded her telling folk stories in her native language, and then used the recordings as a basis for sounds that became the Ewok language and were performed by voice actors who imitated the old woman's voice in different styles. For the scene in which {{Nowrap|]}} speaks Ewokese, actor ] worked with Burtt and invented words, based on the Kalmyk recordings.<ref>Ben Burtt, DVD commentary on ''The Return of the Jedi''.</ref> | ||
Separately, it has been reported that the speech of Ewoks in ''Return of the Jedi'' utilizes ] and some sped-up ] phrases, the latter oddly including the phrase "there is lots of money here".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Snellgrove |first=Chris |date=2023-03-23 |title=It May Sound Like Gibberish, But Ewoks Speak A Real, Human Language In Star Wars |url=https://www.giantfreakinrobot.com/ent/ewoks-speak-star-wars.html |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=Giant Freakin Robot |language=en-US |archive-date=March 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325044119/https://www.giantfreakinrobot.com/ent/ewoks-speak-star-wars.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
==Appearances== | ==Appearances== | ||
===''Return of the Jedi''=== | ===''Return of the Jedi''=== | ||
] at ] in ]]] | ] at ] in ]]] | ||
The Ewoks are involved in a large portion of the final installment in Lucasfilm's ''Star Wars'' trilogy. When the ] begins operations on the moon of Endor, prior to the events depicted in the film, it ignores the primitive Ewoks. ], part of a Rebel strike team, then befriends the Ewok ], a scout from Bright Tree Village,<ref>{{Star Wars Databank|subject=bright-tree-village|text=Bright Tree Village}}</ref> and is taken to meet the other Ewoks. The Ewoks capture Han Solo, Chewbacca, Luke and the droids in a trap, and take them back to the village. As Ewoks are a carnivorous race that considers humanoid flesh a delicacy, they prepare fires in anticipation of eating Han, Luke and Chewbacca to absorb their power. | The Ewoks are involved in a large portion of the final installment in Lucasfilm's ''Star Wars'' trilogy. When the ] begins operations on the moon of Endor, prior to the events depicted in the film, it ignores the primitive Ewoks. ], part of a Rebel strike team, then befriends the Ewok ], a scout from Bright Tree Village,<ref>{{Star Wars Databank|subject=bright-tree-village|text=Bright Tree Village}}</ref> and is taken to meet the other Ewoks. The Ewoks capture Han Solo, Chewbacca, Luke and the droids in a trap, and take them back to the village. As Ewoks are a carnivorous race that considers humanoid flesh a delicacy, they prepare fires in anticipation of eating Han, Luke and Chewbacca to absorb their power. | ||
The Ewoks worship the protocol droid ], thinking he is a ] due to his golden, metallic body and later display of power arranged by ] through ]. C-3PO tells the Council of Elders the adventures of the rebel heroes Skywalker, Princess Leia, and ]. The Ewoks accept the Rebels into their tribe and ally themselves to their cause. They then help in the ground battle to destroy the Imperial shield generator on the forest floor, and their primitive weapons fell the ] and the ] of the Empire. This assistance paves the way to victory at the Battle of Endor. Later that night, the Ewoks are shown holding a huge celebration. | The Ewoks worship the protocol droid ], thinking he is a ] due to his golden, metallic body and later display of power arranged by ] through ]. C-3PO tells the Council of Elders the adventures of the rebel heroes Skywalker, Princess Leia, and ]. The Ewoks accept the Rebels into their tribe and ally themselves to their cause. They then help in the ground battle to destroy the Imperial shield generator on the forest floor, and their primitive weapons fell the ] and the ] of the Empire. This assistance paves the way to victory at the Battle of Endor. Later that night, the Ewoks are shown holding a huge celebration. | ||
Ewoks speak their native language of Ewokese, a fictional language created for the film. This language is understood by C-3PO, but not the humans in the film. | Ewoks speak their native language of ], a fictional language created for the film. This language is understood by C-3PO, but not the humans in the film. | ||
The word ''Ewok'' is not mentioned anywhere in the film, nor are any individuals referred to by name, except in the end titles, where names of the more prominent characters (Wicket, Paploo, Teebo, Logray and Chirpa) are shown, while the others are just listed as Ewoks.<ref>{{cite web|title="Return of the Jedi (1983) Trivia"|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086190/trivia|access-date=2012-03-05}}</ref> | The word ''Ewok'' is not mentioned anywhere in the film, nor are any individuals referred to by name, except in the end titles, where names of the more prominent characters (Wicket, Paploo, Teebo, Logray and Chirpa) are shown, while the others are just listed as Ewoks.<ref>{{cite web|title="Return of the Jedi (1983) Trivia"|website=]|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086190/trivia|access-date=2012-03-05|archive-date=March 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180325141825/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086190/trivia?|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
=== ''The Rise of Skywalker'' === | === ''The Rise of Skywalker'' === | ||
Wicket W. Warrick and another Ewok appear briefly at the end of '']''.<ref name="VanityFair">{{Cite |
Wicket W. Warrick and another Ewok appear briefly at the end of '']''.<ref name="VanityFair">{{Cite magazine|last1=Breznican|first1=Anthony|last2=Robinson|first2=Joanna|date=December 20, 2019|title=25 Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker Cameos You Might Have Missed|magazine=Vanity Fair|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/12/star-wars-the-rise-of-skywalker-cameos-who-were-the-jedi-voices-jodie-comer-reys-mom|access-date=2020-10-04|archive-date=December 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201234554/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/12/star-wars-the-rise-of-skywalker-cameos-who-were-the-jedi-voices-jodie-comer-reys-mom|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
===Television films and animated series=== | ===Television films and animated series=== | ||
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" border="1" width=99% | {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center" border="1" width=99% | ||
! Film !! Release date !! Director(s) | ! Film !! Release date !! Director(s) | ||
!Screenwriter(s) | ! Screenwriter(s) | ||
!Story by!! Network | ! Story by !! Network | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope=row style="text-align:left"|'']''{{efn|Retitled ''Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure'' for its theatrical and later releases}} | ! scope=row style="text-align:left" | '']''{{efn|Retitled ''Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure'' for its theatrical and later releases}} | ||
| style="text-align:left"|November 25, 1984 || ] | | style="text-align:left" | November 25, 1984 || ] | ||
|Bob Carrau | |Bob Carrau | ||
| rowspan="2" |George Lucas|| rowspan="2" |] | | rowspan="2" | George Lucas || rowspan="2" | ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope=row style="text-align:left"|'']'' | ! scope=row style="text-align:left" | '']'' | ||
| style="text-align:left"|November 24, 1985 || colspan="2" | Jim Wheat and ] | | style="text-align:left" | November 24, 1985 || colspan="2" | Jim Wheat and ] | ||
|} | |} | ||
⚫ | After the release of ''Return of the Jedi'', the Ewoks starred in two ], both of which starred Warwick Davis reprising his role as Wicket from ''Return of the Jedi''.<ref name=EwokTV>{{cite web|last1=Alter|first1=Ethan|title='Star Wars': How the Ewoks Came to TV 31 Years Ago|url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/star-wars-ewoks-caravan-of-courage-the-battle-190346641.html|website=Yahoo|access-date=19 December 2015}}</ref> The first film, '']'', was released in November 1984, followed by '']'' the next year.<ref name=EwokTV/> The Ewoks also starred in cartoon series on ABC known simply as '']''.<ref name=Ewokscartoon>{{cite web|last1=Alter|first1=Ethan|title='Star Wars': How 'Ewoks' and 'Droids' Arrived on Saturday Morning TV|url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/paul-dini-ewoks-droids-star-wars-175933375.html|website=Yahoo|access-date=19 December 2015}}</ref> Their rival species in the series, the ]s, are explained by official sources to be distant cousins of the Ewoks.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Peña|first=Abel G.|date=2014-11-18|title=Spain's Droids and Ewoks Novelizations, Part 1|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/of-androids-sidereal-beings-and-gourd-heads-spains-droids-and-ewoks-novelizations|access-date=2020-10-04|website=StarWars.com| |
||
⚫ | After the release of ''Return of the Jedi'', the Ewoks starred in two ], both of which starred Warwick Davis reprising his role as Wicket from ''Return of the Jedi''.<ref name=EwokTV>{{cite web|last1=Alter|first1=Ethan|title='Star Wars': How the Ewoks Came to TV 31 Years Ago|url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/star-wars-ewoks-caravan-of-courage-the-battle-190346641.html|website=Yahoo|date=December 15, 2015 |access-date=19 December 2015|archive-date=February 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210121043/https://www.yahoo.com/tv/star-wars-ewoks-caravan-of-courage-the-battle-190346641.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The first film, '']'', was released in November 1984, followed by '']'' the next year.<ref name=EwokTV/> The Ewoks also starred in cartoon series on ABC known simply as '']''.<ref name=Ewokscartoon>{{cite web|last1=Alter|first1=Ethan|title='Star Wars': How 'Ewoks' and 'Droids' Arrived on Saturday Morning TV|url=https://www.yahoo.com/tv/paul-dini-ewoks-droids-star-wars-175933375.html|website=Yahoo|date=December 18, 2015 |access-date=19 December 2015|archive-date=December 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151219081021/https://www.yahoo.com/tv/paul-dini-ewoks-droids-star-wars-175933375.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Their rival species in the series, the ]s, are explained by official sources to be distant cousins of the Ewoks.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Peña|first=Abel G.|date=2014-11-18|title=Spain's Droids and Ewoks Novelizations, Part 1|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/of-androids-sidereal-beings-and-gourd-heads-spains-droids-and-ewoks-novelizations|access-date=2020-10-04|website=StarWars.com|archive-date=October 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009012809/https://www.starwars.com/news/of-androids-sidereal-beings-and-gourd-heads-spains-droids-and-ewoks-novelizations|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
⚫ | A ]-like Ewok doll appears in the animated series '']''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Lussier |first=Germain |title=Ewok Merchandise Exists in the Star Wars Universe and We Have Questions |url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/ewok-merchandise-exists-in-the-star-wars-universe-and-w-1830077149 |website=io9 |publisher=Gizmodo |access-date=29 October 2019 |date=29 October 2018}}</ref> | ||
⚫ | A ]-like Ewok doll appears in the animated series '']''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Lussier |first=Germain |title=Ewok Merchandise Exists in the Star Wars Universe and We Have Questions |url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/ewok-merchandise-exists-in-the-star-wars-universe-and-w-1830077149 |website=io9 |publisher=Gizmodo |access-date=29 October 2019 |date=29 October 2018 |archive-date=October 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029020825/https://io9.gizmodo.com/ewok-merchandise-exists-in-the-star-wars-universe-and-w-1830077149 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
=== Comics === | === Comics === | ||
The ''Ewoks'' animated series had a comic book series, one issue of which crosses over with the comic for ''Ewoks''<nowiki/>' sister animated series, '']''.<ref>{{cite web |date=February 21, 2012 |title=Ewoks #10 - The Demons of Endor |url=https://www.starwars-holocron.net/comics/ewoks-10-the-demons-of-endor |access-date=November 11, 2018 |website=Star Wars Holocron |archive-date=November 11, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111173914/https://www.starwars-holocron.net/comics/ewoks-10-the-demons-of-endor |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
⚫ | In a '']'' comic entitled '']'', an Imperial veteran of Endor refers to the moon being devastated by the ] from the Death Star, which was blown up while in orbit around the moon, causing devastation to the Ewoks. However, another character dismisses this as a myth, saying that most of the Death Star's mass was obliterated in the explosion, and that the Rebels "took care of the rest".<ref>{{comic |
||
⚫ | In a (non-canon) '']'' comic entitled '']'', an Imperial veteran of Endor refers to the moon being devastated by the ] from the Death Star, which was blown up while in orbit around the moon, causing devastation to the Ewoks. However, another character dismisses this as a myth, saying that most of the Death Star's mass was obliterated in the explosion, and that the Rebels "took care of the rest".<ref>{{cite comic|writer=|story=Apocalypse Endor|title=Star Wars Tales|issue=14|date=December 11, 2004|publisher=]}}</ref> | ||
A canon Ewoks-themed comic spun off from ''Return of the Jedi'' is scheduled for release in April 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-17 |title=Inferno Squad Strikes Back in Marvel's April 2023 Star Wars Comics – Exclusive Preview |url=https://www.starwars.com/news/marvel-star-wars-april-2023-covers |access-date=2023-01-18 |website=StarWars.com |language=en |archive-date=January 17, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117215909/https://www.starwars.com/news/marvel-star-wars-april-2023-covers |url-status=live }}</ref> | |||
==Reception== | ==Reception== | ||
The Ewoks are seen to be a controversial element of ''Return of the Jedi'' and the ''Star Wars'' universe in general, and are seen by some to be the weakest part of the original trilogy. According to Tami Katzoff of ], "a prevailing theory among Ewok-haters is that the creatures were originally conceived as a sure way to appeal to small children and sell plush toys to their parents."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1707918/star-wars-return-of-jedi-30-years-ewoks/ |title='Star Wars' Fans Still Love To Hate Ewoks 30 Years Later |last=Katzoff |first=Tami |work=] |access-date=March 31, 2020 |date=May 23, 2013 |url-status= |
The Ewoks are seen to be a controversial element of ''Return of the Jedi'' and the ''Star Wars'' universe in general, and are seen by some to be the weakest part of the original trilogy. According to Tami Katzoff of ], "a prevailing theory among Ewok-haters is that the creatures were originally conceived as a sure way to appeal to small children and sell plush toys to their parents."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1707918/star-wars-return-of-jedi-30-years-ewoks/ |title='Star Wars' Fans Still Love To Hate Ewoks 30 Years Later |last=Katzoff |first=Tami |work=] |access-date=March 31, 2020 |date=May 23, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910203919/http://www.mtv.com/news/1707918/star-wars-return-of-jedi-30-years-ewoks/ |archive-date=September 10, 2018}}</ref> Others enjoy the Ewoks, and they have proven to be very popular with children from their introduction in 1983 to the present day.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/star-wars-episode-vi--the-return-of-the-jedi/ewoks-hate-defence/ |title=Cute but deadly: why Ewoks deserve your respect |newspaper=The Telegraph |date=April 25, 2016 |publisher=www.telegraph.co.uk |access-date=March 16, 2017 |archive-date=March 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303015149/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/star-wars-episode-vi--the-return-of-the-jedi/ewoks-hate-defence/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="col" | Film | ! scope="col" | Film | ||
! scope="col" | ] | ! scope="col" | ] | ||
! scope="col" | ] | ! scope="col" | ] | ||
! scope="col" | ] <ref name="SWcs">{{cite web|url=https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/c3RhciA= |title=Star Wars at Cinemascore |publisher=] |access-date=December 21, 2019 }}</ref> | |||
|- | |- | ||
| scope="row" | '']'' | | scope="row" | '']'' | ||
| 82% (93 reviews)<ref>{{cite web|title=Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi (1983) |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/return_of_the_jedi/ |website=] |access-date=June 6, 2019 }}</ref> | | 82% (93 reviews)<ref>{{cite web |title=Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi (1983) |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/return_of_the_jedi/ |website=] |access-date=June 6, 2019 |archive-date=May 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507105607/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/return_of_the_jedi |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
| 58 (24 reviews)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metacritic.com/movie/star-wars-episode-vi---return-of-the-jedi |title=Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi |website=] |access-date=June 6, 2019 }}</ref> | | 58 (24 reviews)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metacritic.com/movie/star-wars-episode-vi---return-of-the-jedi |title=Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi |website=] |access-date=June 6, 2019 |archive-date=February 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130221013658/http://www.metacritic.com/movie/star-wars-episode-vi---return-of-the-jedi |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
| {{N/a}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
| scope="row" | '']'' | | scope="row" | '']'' | ||
| 23% (13 reviews)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_ewok_adventure |title=The Ewok Adventure (1984) |website=] |access-date=December 18, 2019 }}</ref> | | 23% (13 reviews)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_ewok_adventure |title=The Ewok Adventure (1984) |website=] |access-date=December 18, 2019 |archive-date=May 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507155731/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_ewok_adventure |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
| {{N/a}} | |||
| {{N/a}} | | {{N/a}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== Emmy Awards === | === Emmy Awards === | ||
''Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure'' was one of four films to be juried-awarded Emmys for ] at the ].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Leverence|first1=John|title=Outstanding Special Visual Effects - 1985|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1985/outstanding-special-visual-effects|website=37th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 22, 1985|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=13 January 2016}}</ref> The film was additionally nominated for ] but lost in this category to an episode of '']''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outstanding Children's Program - 1985|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1985/outstanding-childrens-program|website=37th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 22, 1985|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=6 February 2016}}</ref> | ''Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure'' was one of four films to be juried-awarded Emmys for ] at the ].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Leverence|first1=John|title=Outstanding Special Visual Effects - 1985|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1985/outstanding-special-visual-effects|website=37th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 22, 1985|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=13 January 2016|archive-date=January 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190126020352/http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1985/outstanding-special-visual-effects|url-status=live}}</ref> The film was additionally nominated for ], but lost in this category to an episode of '']''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outstanding Children's Program - 1985|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1985/outstanding-childrens-program|website=37th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 22, 1985|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=6 February 2016|archive-date=January 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129155001/http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1985/outstanding-childrens-program|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
At the ], ''Ewoks: The Battle for Endor'' and the CBS documentary '']'' were both juried-awarded Emmys for ].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Leverence|first1=John|title=Outstanding Special Visual Effects — 1986|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-special-visual-effects|website=38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=16 January 2016}}</ref> The film additionally received two nominations for ] and Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Miniseries or a Special.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outstanding Children's Program — 1986|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-childrens-program|website=38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=6 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Miniseries or a Special — 1986|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-sound-mixing-for-a-miniseries-or-a-movie|website=38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=6 February 2016}}</ref> | At the ], ''Ewoks: The Battle for Endor'' and the CBS documentary '']'' were both juried-awarded Emmys for ].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Leverence|first1=John|title=Outstanding Special Visual Effects — 1986|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-special-visual-effects|website=38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=16 January 2016|archive-date=August 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801005158/http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-special-visual-effects|url-status=live}}</ref> The film additionally received two nominations for ] and Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Miniseries or a Special.<ref>{{cite web|title=Outstanding Children's Program — 1986|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-childrens-program|website=38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=6 February 2016|archive-date=July 6, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706093652/http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-childrens-program|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Miniseries or a Special — 1986|url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-sound-mixing-for-a-miniseries-or-a-movie|website=38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986|publisher=Academy of Television Arts & Sciences|access-date=6 February 2016|archive-date=June 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622025124/http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1986/outstanding-sound-mixing-for-a-miniseries-or-a-movie|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
==Notable Ewoks== | ==Notable Ewoks== | ||
Line 86: | Line 97: | ||
=== Wicket === | === Wicket === | ||
Wicket is the most prominently featured Ewok in ''Return of The Jedi''. During his travels, he encounters Princess Leia in the ]. He helps her to the relative safety of his village, and notices her ] and ]. Wicket has good knowledge of the ] of Endor, leading him to be essential during the Rebellion's attack on the Imperial forces. Wicket was portrayed by actor ]. The then 11-year-old actor came to be involved in the film after his grandmother heard a radio ad calling for short actors.<ref>{{Cite journal |journal=] |title=Wicket Unleashed |first=Scott |last=Chernoff |volume=1 |issue=31 |date=Fall 1996 }}</ref> Davis began work on the film in January 1982. Originally cast as a generic Ewok, Davis caught the eye of George Lucas with aspects of his performance, such as his ability to stick his tongue through his Ewok mask and the inquisitive tilting of his head (which was inspired by Davis' dog). ] (who also portrayed ]) was originally set to take the role of Wicket; however, Baker fell ill with food poisoning, and Davis was called in as a replacement.<ref>{{Cite journal |journal=Star Wars Insider |title=Beyond the Valley of the Ewoks |first=Eric |last=Moro |volume=1 |issue=67 |date=April 15, 2003 }}</ref><ref>'']'' (2004). DVD. ]. Event occurs at 2:17:00.</ref> Wicket appears in the micro-series '']''.<ref name="EW announcement">{{cite magazine|url=http://ew.com/movies/2017/04/13/star-wars-female-heroes-forces-of-destiny-stories/|title=''Star Wars'' highlights female heroes in ''Forces of Destiny'' — first look|last=Breznican|first=Anthony|date=April 13, 2017|magazine=]|access-date=April 19, 2017|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703093434/http://ew.com/movies/2017/04/13/star-wars-female-heroes-forces-of-destiny-stories/|url-status=live}}</ref> He also features in '']'', '']'', and '']''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/meet-the-ewoks-from-endor|title=Meet the Ewoks from Endor|website=StarWars.com|date=October 29, 2014|access-date=October 10, 2018|archive-date=November 2, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102035109/http://www.starwars.com/news/meet-the-ewoks-from-endor|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Ewokscartoon/><ref name=EwokTV/> | |||
{{main|Wicket W. Warrick}} | |||
Wicket is the most prominently featured Ewok in ''Return of The Jedi''. During his travels, he encounters Princess Leia in the ]. He helps her to the relative safety of his village, and notices her ] and good spirit. Wicket has good knowledge of the ] of Endor, leading him to be essential during the Rebellion's attack on the Imperial forces. | |||
Wicket was portrayed by actor Warwick Davis. | |||
=== Teebo === | === Teebo === | ||
Teebo is described by the ''Star Wars: The Complete Visual Dictionary'' as being '''A watcher of the stars and a poet at heart.''<nowiki/>' His ability to make a sound practical ] has caused him to have a position as a ] within the ]. He wears a Gurreck ] headdress. | Teebo is described by the ''Star Wars: The Complete Visual Dictionary'' as being '''A watcher of the stars and a poet at heart.''<nowiki/>' His ability to make a sound practical ] has caused him to have a position as a ] within the ]. He wears a Gurreck ] headdress. | ||
Teebo was portrayed by Jack Purvis. | Teebo was portrayed by Jack Purvis. | ||
=== Chief Chirpa === | === Chief Chirpa === | ||
Chief Chirpa has been the leader of the Ewok tribe for a total of 42 seasons. He has a large amount of ] and good judgement, but he has become ] due to his old age. He allows the Ewok tribe the ] to fight against the Empire. Chief Chirpa has a ]lion signifying he is the chief of the Ewoks. | Chief Chirpa has been the leader of the Ewok tribe for a total of 42 seasons. He has a large amount of ] and good judgement, but he has become ] due to his old age. He allows the Ewok tribe the ] to fight against the Empire. Chief Chirpa has a ]lion signifying he is the chief of the Ewoks. | ||
Chirpa was played by |
Chirpa was played by Jane Busby. | ||
=== Logray === | === Logray === | ||
Line 107: | Line 115: | ||
=== Nippet === | === Nippet === | ||
Nippet is a baby Ewok who gets her name in the vintage era. Nippet is the daughter of Lumat.<ref name="StarWars.com">{{Cite news|date=2014-10-30|title=Meet the Ewoks from Endor {{!}} StarWars.com| |
Nippet is a baby Ewok who gets her name in the vintage era. Nippet is the daughter of Lumat.<ref name="StarWars.com">{{Cite news|date=2014-10-30|title=Meet the Ewoks from Endor {{!}} StarWars.com|website=StarWars.com|url=https://www.starwars.com/news/meet-the-ewoks-from-endor|access-date=2018-04-13|archive-date=November 2, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102035109/http://www.starwars.com/news/meet-the-ewoks-from-endor|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
=== Lumat === | === Lumat === | ||
Line 113: | Line 121: | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
⚫ | {{Portal|Speculative fiction|Film}} | ||
* |
*] | ||
*] | |||
*] | |||
== Notes == | == Notes == | ||
{{ |
{{Notelist}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Line 125: | Line 136: | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
⚫ | * at the Star Wars Databank | ||
⚫ | {{Portal|Speculative fiction|Film}} | ||
⚫ | * at the Star Wars Databank | ||
* {{Wookieepedia|Endor}} | * {{Wookieepedia|Endor}} | ||
* at Star Wars Technical Commentaries | * at Star Wars Technical Commentaries | ||
* {{Star Wars Databank|subject=ewok|text=Ewok}} | * {{Star Wars Databank|subject=ewok|text=Ewok}} | ||
* {{Wookieepedia|Ewok}} | * {{Wookieepedia|Ewok}} | ||
* |
* – Ewoks cartoon series action figure guide | ||
{{Ewoks}} | |||
{{Star Wars universe|state=collapsed}} | {{Star Wars universe|state=collapsed}} | ||
] | ] | ||
⚫ | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
⚫ | ] | ||
] | ] | ||
] | |||
] | |||
] | ] | ||
] | ] |
Latest revision as of 14:22, 18 December 2024
Fictional species in the Star Wars universe Not to be confused with Wookiee. For other uses, see Ewok (disambiguation).
Ewoks | |
---|---|
Star Wars race | |
Wicket W. Warrick, a typical ewok, as seen in Return of the Jedi | |
First appearance | Return of the Jedi (1983) |
In-universe information | |
Home world | Endor |
Distinctions | Furry, short stature |
Language | Ewokese |
The Ewoks (singular: Ewok) are a fictional species of small, furry, mammaloid, bipeds in the Star Wars universe. They inhabit the forest moon of Endor and live in arboreal huts and other simple dwellings, being seen as primitive in comparison with other sentient species. Ewoks debuted in the 1983 feature film Return of the Jedi and have since appeared in two made-for-television films, The Ewok Adventure (1984) and Ewoks: The Battle for Endor (1985), as well as a 2D animated series, several books and games, and briefly in the 2019 feature film Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker.
Concept and creation
George Lucas created the Ewoks because he wanted Return of the Jedi to feature a tribe of primitive creatures that bring down the technological Empire. He had originally intended the scenes to be set on the Wookiee home planet, but as the film series evolved, the Wookiees became technologically skilled. Lucas reversed the syllables to designate a new species, which rhymes with the Miwok, a Native American tribe indigenous to the Redwood forest in which the Endor scenes were filmed for Return of the Jedi. He also based the Ewoks' defeat of the Galactic Empire on the actions of the Viet Cong guerrillas who fought against American soldiers during the Vietnam War.
A few different creatures, such as the stilt-legged Yuzzums, were proposed before the diminutive bear-like design of the Ewoks was settled on. As Wookiees were tall, Lucas wanted the new species short. Using the image of the Griffon Bruxellois, a dog breed which Lucas owned, the Ewok was developed by renowned make-up artist Stuart Freeborn. As presented in the films, Ewoks appear as stocky, sapient bipeds which stand about one metre tall. They have flat faces, are completely covered in fur, and have large jewel-like eyes. Both their fur and their eyes come in a variety of earth tones, primarily brown, white, grey, gold, and black. Only the costume of the Ewok portrayed by Warwick Davis had moving facial features, though the 2011 Blu-ray release of Return of the Jedi added eye blinks to all of the Ewoks. Despite their small size, Ewoks are strong; in the climactic battle scene of the film, they are shown physically overpowering and once even throwing Imperial stormtroopers, though this detail is not consistent throughout the film. Ewoks live high among the trees of their home moon's forests, in villages built on platforms between the closely spaced trees.
Ewokese language
An Ewokese language was created for the films by Return of the Jedi's sound designer Ben Burtt. On the commentary track for the DVD of Return of the Jedi, Burtt explains that the language is based on Kalmyk, a Mongolic language spoken by the Kalmyk people of Russia. Burtt heard the language in a documentary and liked its sound, which seems very alien to Western ears. After some research, he identified an 80-year-old Kalmyk refugee. Burtt recorded her telling folk stories in her native language, and then used the recordings as a basis for sounds that became the Ewok language and were performed by voice actors who imitated the old woman's voice in different styles. For the scene in which C-3PO speaks Ewokese, actor Anthony Daniels worked with Burtt and invented words, based on the Kalmyk recordings.
Separately, it has been reported that the speech of Ewoks in Return of the Jedi utilizes Nepalese and some sped-up Tibetan phrases, the latter oddly including the phrase "there is lots of money here".
Appearances
Return of the Jedi
The Ewoks are involved in a large portion of the final installment in Lucasfilm's Star Wars trilogy. When the Empire begins operations on the moon of Endor, prior to the events depicted in the film, it ignores the primitive Ewoks. Princess Leia, part of a Rebel strike team, then befriends the Ewok Wicket W. Warrick, a scout from Bright Tree Village, and is taken to meet the other Ewoks. The Ewoks capture Han Solo, Chewbacca, Luke and the droids in a trap, and take them back to the village. As Ewoks are a carnivorous race that considers humanoid flesh a delicacy, they prepare fires in anticipation of eating Han, Luke and Chewbacca to absorb their power.
The Ewoks worship the protocol droid C-3PO, thinking he is a god due to his golden, metallic body and later display of power arranged by Luke Skywalker through the Force. C-3PO tells the Council of Elders the adventures of the rebel heroes Skywalker, Princess Leia, and Han Solo. The Ewoks accept the Rebels into their tribe and ally themselves to their cause. They then help in the ground battle to destroy the Imperial shield generator on the forest floor, and their primitive weapons fell the Imperial stormtroopers and the AT-ST walkers of the Empire. This assistance paves the way to victory at the Battle of Endor. Later that night, the Ewoks are shown holding a huge celebration.
Ewoks speak their native language of Ewokese, a fictional language created for the film. This language is understood by C-3PO, but not the humans in the film.
The word Ewok is not mentioned anywhere in the film, nor are any individuals referred to by name, except in the end titles, where names of the more prominent characters (Wicket, Paploo, Teebo, Logray and Chirpa) are shown, while the others are just listed as Ewoks.
The Rise of Skywalker
Wicket W. Warrick and another Ewok appear briefly at the end of The Rise of Skywalker.
Television films and animated series
Film | Release date | Director(s) | Screenwriter(s) | Story by | Network |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Ewok Adventure | November 25, 1984 | John Korty | Bob Carrau | George Lucas | ABC |
Ewoks: The Battle for Endor | November 24, 1985 | Jim Wheat and Ken Wheat |
After the release of Return of the Jedi, the Ewoks starred in two made-for-TV movies, both of which starred Warwick Davis reprising his role as Wicket from Return of the Jedi. The first film, The Ewok Adventure, was released in November 1984, followed by Ewoks: The Battle for Endor the next year. The Ewoks also starred in cartoon series on ABC known simply as Ewoks. Their rival species in the series, the Duloks, are explained by official sources to be distant cousins of the Ewoks.
A teddy bear-like Ewok doll appears in the animated series Star Wars Resistance.
Comics
The Ewoks animated series had a comic book series, one issue of which crosses over with the comic for Ewoks' sister animated series, Droids.
In a (non-canon) Star Wars Tales comic entitled Apocalypse Endor, an Imperial veteran of Endor refers to the moon being devastated by the impact of falling debris from the Death Star, which was blown up while in orbit around the moon, causing devastation to the Ewoks. However, another character dismisses this as a myth, saying that most of the Death Star's mass was obliterated in the explosion, and that the Rebels "took care of the rest".
A canon Ewoks-themed comic spun off from Return of the Jedi is scheduled for release in April 2023.
Reception
The Ewoks are seen to be a controversial element of Return of the Jedi and the Star Wars universe in general, and are seen by some to be the weakest part of the original trilogy. According to Tami Katzoff of MTV News, "a prevailing theory among Ewok-haters is that the creatures were originally conceived as a sure way to appeal to small children and sell plush toys to their parents." Others enjoy the Ewoks, and they have proven to be very popular with children from their introduction in 1983 to the present day.
Film | Rotten Tomatoes | Metacritic |
---|---|---|
Return of the Jedi | 82% (93 reviews) | 58 (24 reviews) |
The Ewok Adventure | 23% (13 reviews) | — |
Emmy Awards
Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure was one of four films to be juried-awarded Emmys for Outstanding Special Visual Effects at the 37th Primetime Emmy Awards. The film was additionally nominated for Outstanding Children's Program, but lost in this category to an episode of American Playhouse.
At the 38th Primetime Emmy Awards, Ewoks: The Battle for Endor and the CBS documentary Dinosaur! were both juried-awarded Emmys for Outstanding Special Visual Effects. The film additionally received two nominations for Outstanding Children's Program and Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Miniseries or a Special.
Notable Ewoks
Several Ewoks have received a higher level of definition and recognition in Star Wars media.
Wicket
Wicket is the most prominently featured Ewok in Return of The Jedi. During his travels, he encounters Princess Leia in the forest. He helps her to the relative safety of his village, and notices her courage and compassion. Wicket has good knowledge of the terrain of Endor, leading him to be essential during the Rebellion's attack on the Imperial forces. Wicket was portrayed by actor Warwick Davis. The then 11-year-old actor came to be involved in the film after his grandmother heard a radio ad calling for short actors. Davis began work on the film in January 1982. Originally cast as a generic Ewok, Davis caught the eye of George Lucas with aspects of his performance, such as his ability to stick his tongue through his Ewok mask and the inquisitive tilting of his head (which was inspired by Davis' dog). Kenny Baker (who also portrayed R2-D2) was originally set to take the role of Wicket; however, Baker fell ill with food poisoning, and Davis was called in as a replacement. Wicket appears in the micro-series Star Wars Forces of Destiny. He also features in The Ewok Adventure, Ewok, and Ewoks: The Battle for Endor.
Teebo
Teebo is described by the Star Wars: The Complete Visual Dictionary as being 'A watcher of the stars and a poet at heart.' His ability to make a sound practical judgement has caused him to have a position as a leader within the tribe. He wears a Gurreck skull headdress. Teebo was portrayed by Jack Purvis.
Chief Chirpa
Chief Chirpa has been the leader of the Ewok tribe for a total of 42 seasons. He has a large amount of wisdom and good judgement, but he has become forgetful due to his old age. He allows the Ewok tribe the authority to fight against the Empire. Chief Chirpa has a medallion signifying he is the chief of the Ewoks. Chirpa was played by Jane Busby.
Logray
Logray is the Ewok tribal shaman, who relies on ancient magic in order to assist his tribe. He is suspicious of all outsiders, which is reinforced due to the arrival of Imperial troops. Logray was portrayed by Mike Edmonds who also was "tail-puppeteer" for Jabba the Hutt.
Paploo
Paploo is Chief Chirpa's nephew and a scout who, along with Wicket, helps lead the Rebels to the shield generator protecting the second Death Star. Although his effort to lure four Imperial scouts away from the bunker could have compromised the attack, it was relatively successful as he stole a speeder bike and forced three of the scouts to give chase, allowing the rebels to overpower the last guard and gain entrance. Paploo is seen later helping the Ewoks fight the Empire.
Nippet
Nippet is a baby Ewok who gets her name in the vintage era. Nippet is the daughter of Lumat.
Lumat
Lumat is the chief woodcutter of the tribe, and is the father of Nippet.
See also
Notes
- Retitled Caravan of Courage: An Ewok Adventure for its theatrical and later releases
References
- Zurowski, Monica (January 19, 1990). "Lucas Testifies in Calgary Court That 'Jedi' Ewoks Were His Idea". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
- Eric P. Nash (January 26, 1997). "The Names Came From Earth". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
- George Lucas, "making of" documentary on the Return of the Jedi 2004 DVD release.
- Dickens, Donna (June 26, 2015). "175 days until Star Wars: These unused concepts would've changed Star Wars forever". Uproxx. Archived from the original on March 16, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
- George Lucas, commentary track on the Return of the Jedi DVD.
- "Star Wars Make-Up Artist Stuart Freeborn Dies" Archived February 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Sky News. Retrieved February 8, 2013
- "Makeup master Stuart Freeborn of 'Star Wars' dead at age 98" Archived February 8, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. CNN. Retrieved February 8, 2013
- Daniels, Anthony (2019). I Am C-3PO: The Inside Story. DK. ISBN 9781465492562.
- Chitwood, Adam (September 1, 2011). "More Changes to STAR WARS Include Blinking Ewoks and Different Cut of Greedo Shooting First". Collider. Archived from the original on December 7, 2019. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
- Ben Burtt, DVD commentary on The Return of the Jedi.
- Snellgrove, Chris (March 23, 2023). "It May Sound Like Gibberish, But Ewoks Speak A Real, Human Language In Star Wars". Giant Freakin Robot. Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
- Bright Tree Village in the StarWars.com Databank
- ""Return of the Jedi (1983) Trivia"". IMDb. Archived from the original on March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
- Breznican, Anthony; Robinson, Joanna (December 20, 2019). "25 Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker Cameos You Might Have Missed". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on December 1, 2020. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
- ^ Alter, Ethan (December 15, 2015). "'Star Wars': How the Ewoks Came to TV 31 Years Ago". Yahoo. Archived from the original on February 10, 2017. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
- ^ Alter, Ethan (December 18, 2015). "'Star Wars': How 'Ewoks' and 'Droids' Arrived on Saturday Morning TV". Yahoo. Archived from the original on December 19, 2015. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
- Peña, Abel G. (November 18, 2014). "Spain's Droids and Ewoks Novelizations, Part 1". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on October 9, 2020. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
- Lussier, Germain (October 29, 2018). "Ewok Merchandise Exists in the Star Wars Universe and We Have Questions". io9. Gizmodo. Archived from the original on October 29, 2019. Retrieved October 29, 2019.
- "Ewoks #10 - The Demons of Endor". Star Wars Holocron. February 21, 2012. Archived from the original on November 11, 2018. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
- "Apocalypse Endor" Star Wars Tales, no. 14 (December 11, 2004). Dark Horse Comics.
- "Inferno Squad Strikes Back in Marvel's April 2023 Star Wars Comics – Exclusive Preview". StarWars.com. January 17, 2023. Archived from the original on January 17, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
- Katzoff, Tami (May 23, 2013). "'Star Wars' Fans Still Love To Hate Ewoks 30 Years Later". MTV. Archived from the original on September 10, 2018. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
- "Cute but deadly: why Ewoks deserve your respect". The Telegraph. www.telegraph.co.uk. April 25, 2016. Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
- "Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi (1983)". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on May 7, 2019. Retrieved June 6, 2019.
- "Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi". Metacritic. Archived from the original on February 21, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2019.
- "The Ewok Adventure (1984)". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on May 7, 2019. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
- Leverence, John. "Outstanding Special Visual Effects - 1985". 37th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 22, 1985. Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on January 26, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
- "Outstanding Children's Program - 1985". 37th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 22, 1985. Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on January 29, 2019. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
- Leverence, John. "Outstanding Special Visual Effects — 1986". 38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986. Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on August 1, 2018. Retrieved January 16, 2016.
- "Outstanding Children's Program — 1986". 38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986. Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on July 6, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
- "Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Miniseries or a Special — 1986". 38th Primetime Emmy Awards, September 21, 1986. Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on June 22, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
- Reynolds, David. Star Wars: The Complete Visual Dictionary. pp. 256, 257.
- Chernoff, Scott (Fall 1996). "Wicket Unleashed". Star Wars Insider. 1 (31).
- Moro, Eric (April 15, 2003). "Beyond the Valley of the Ewoks". Star Wars Insider. 1 (67).
- Empire of Dreams: The Story of the Star Wars Trilogy (2004). DVD. 20th Century Fox Television. Event occurs at 2:17:00.
- Breznican, Anthony (April 13, 2017). "Star Wars highlights female heroes in Forces of Destiny — first look". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on July 3, 2018. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
- "Meet the Ewoks from Endor". StarWars.com. October 29, 2014. Archived from the original on November 2, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
- ^ "Meet the Ewoks from Endor | StarWars.com". StarWars.com. October 30, 2014. Archived from the original on November 2, 2014. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
Further reading
- Cavelos, Jeanne (2007). The Science of Star Wars: An Astrophysicist's Independent Examination of Space Travel, Aliens, Planets, and Robots as Portrayed in the Star Wars Films and Books. Macmillan. pp. 29–32. ISBN 978-1-4299-7176-8.
External links
- Endor at the Star Wars Databank
- Endor on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
- Endor 'Holocaust' at Star Wars Technical Commentaries
- Ewok in the StarWars.com Databank
- Ewok on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
- Action Figure Archive – Ewoks cartoon series action figure guide
Ewok | |
---|---|
Media |
|
Related | |