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== Summary of a cognitive changes ==

Changes to the brain have also been observed throughout the menstrual cycle but do not translate into measurable changes in intellectual achievement – including academic performance, problem-solving, memory, and creativity.


I don't think that this is a good summary of what ] says.
== Loose ends ==
:::: See ] for earlier commentary on ]. ] (]) 17:52, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
Starting a section to look at what's left to do. ] (]) 15:57, 11 March 2021 (UTC)


Firstly, the review doesn't mention creativity even once. The studies cited focus mostly on verbal and spatial reasoning, memory, etc. I would not call this academic performance.
=== From ] ===


Secondly, from the Conclusion section in the paper:
Else-Quest and Hyde have a short (two pages) section on ''Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle''. It says that MC effects on mood are a common perception, but there is little evidence to support it. It adds that reported correlations with hormones do not prove causation. The authors have more, much more, to say on cultural influences than hormones.] (]) 14:19, 8 March 2021 (UTC)
: I like your second and third sentences ... what if we add something like that? I won’t try myself, since my iPad editing is probably making everyone unhappy. ] (]) 15:39, 8 March 2021 (UTC)
I can't see anything on the menstrual cycle in Alosco and Stern. ] (]) 14:30, 8 March 2021 (UTC)
* {{cite book|title= The psychology of women and gender: half the human experience +|vauthors= Else-Quest N, Hyde JS |location= Los Angeles |publisher= SAGE publications |date= 2021 |edition = 10th |isbn= 978-1-544-39360-5 |chapter= Psychology, gender, and health: psychological aspects of the menstrual cycle}}
* {{cite book |title= The Oxford Handbook of Adult Cognitive Disorders |veditors= Alosco ML, Stern RA |publisher= Oxford University Press |date= 2019 |location = United States |isbn= 978-0-190-66412-1 |chapter= Neurocognition in menopause and reproductive disorders |vauthors= Morgan KN, Kantarci K, Asthana S, Gleason CE}}


"Studies examining the menstrual cycle in healthy women have been unable to show consistent associations between cognition and menstrual cycle phase."
Where do we stand on this? ] (]) 15:57, 11 March 2021 (UTC)


"Regarding premenstrual disorders such as PMS and PMDD, although methodologically-sound studies are limited, current evidence suggests that there may be cognitive deficits in some aspects of executive functioning in those who are most symptomatic (women with PMDD)."
:* We're still using a source about the luteal phase (Wendy Biggs and Robin Demuth) for the 80% of women that don't experience disruption to daily life, but implying that it's about the entire menstrual cycle. As menstruation is not part of the luteal phase, I doubt that is correct. ] (]) 17:06, 11 March 2021 (UTC)
:::Can you find a better source? ] (]) 17:40, 11 March 2021 (UTC)


I think the following is a better summary of :
This might be useful if we can precis the salient conclusions.
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Iacovides S, Avidon I, Baker FC |title=What we know about primary dysmenorrhea today: a critical review |journal=Human Reproduction Update |volume=21 |issue=6 |pages=762–78 |date=2015 |pmid=26346058 |doi=10.1093/humupd/dmv039 |url=}}
-] (]) 17:53, 11 March 2021 (UTC)
:(Graham asked me to comment on the 80%/most issue, on my talk page). I see the above paper is on pain and its consequences, rather than on other impacts on life/health that don't necessarily have a source in pain or cramping. I'm really not sure how to solve the issue, though I see the lead says 80% and the body say 20% (for the opposite) so that's not consistent. Would it help to say "four out of every five" which is the same but sounds suitably less precise?
:The article currently claims "about 67.2% of adolescents" get dysmenorrhea. This cites a primary research paper that interviewed 198 girls age 13-19 from two slum areas in New Delhi, India. The 67.2% figure is only appropriate for referring to the sample under study (i.e., 133 girls), not for interpreting in the wider population. We need a secondary source that gives the figure for the population, and the figure is more likely to be "about two thirds of adolescents" than a percentage to three significant figures. -- ]°] 15:44, 12 March 2021 (UTC)
::And the New Delhi primary source is 2008. Fiddlesticks. I thought we had cleaned out all of the junk that found its way in to this article via ] and disease model, and am now worried that we need to take a closer look. I will look through every source in the article when I am home again (traveling now). ] (]) 15:56, 12 March 2021 (UTC)
:::Thank you both. I think we have got the (rather complex) endocrinology correct now and it is properly sourced Sandy. It's just this little bit of epidemiology, which I have been asked to include (against my better judgement) that is a problem. The Lead and the Body ''are'' saying the same, it's just one statement says how many "do" and the other says how many "don't". (I can't see how that crept; I don't think it was me). I agree with Colin that we need a simple ratio that is globally applicable and from a ] source. If we can't find a source, I think we should delete the statement.] (]) 16:27, 12 March 2021 (UTC)
::::It will still help (me, at least) going forward if I go through and do what I usually do ... put a type=Review, etc., on every (Pubmed) source so I know which I have checked. ] (]) 16:39, 12 March 2021 (UTC)
I think it's good that the 80% figure was removed. It was inaccurate as is. Things like tender breasts, cramps, bloating, feeling tired, irritability and mood changes do disrupt most women's lives at one or more points during their cycle. I would think that obvious. Disrupting their daily life and being severe enough to stop them from going about their typical day are two different things. I imagine that is why the Hong Ju, Mark Jones, Gita Mishra source says "severe pain limiting daily activities is less common" and this source (Wendy Biggs and Robin Demuth) says "substantial disruption." These sources use the words "limiting" and "substantial disruption." A woman can have disruption because of her period without it being substantial disruption. And then there's the inconsistency on what qualifies as PMS (also mentioned in the PMS section back up on the page). Regardless, according to these and other sources, most women will get one or more painful symptoms during their cycle/near or during their period. These are enough of an issue for the women to take medication for it. The reality that many women need to take medication for it, most commonly for cramps, is indicative that the symptom has disrupted the woman's daily life. The menstrual health section said, "Painful cramping in the abdomen, back, or upper thighs can occur during the first few days of menstruation. Severe uterine pain during menstruation is known as dysmenorrhea, and it is most common among adolescents and younger women (affecting about 67.2% of adolescents)." That's disrupting daily life, and 67% is not a minority. I know that this information has been reworked, but I'm commenting on the adolescent thing in the case we come about a better source for it.


"While studies have not consistently shown an association between cycle phases and performance in cognitive tasks related to memory or problem solving, current evidence suggests that women with PMDD might be affected in terms of executive functioning."
When we use the words "disrupt daily life", we have to be careful to not report this as occurring in a minority of women. The Wendy Biggs and Robin Demuth source says "without substantial disruption", which is not the same thing as "no disruption." It's just that a minority of women experience symptoms that significantly limit/interfere with their daily activities. So, based on the sources, it's probably more prudent to alter "During their menstrual cycle, some women experience problems that disrupt daily life" so that we have it saying "During their menstrual cycle, many women experience painful symptoms." If we re-add the "no disruption to daily life" phrasing at some point, it should be altered so that we have it saying "no substantial disruption to daily life" or "no significant disruption to daily life." By the way, I think "cramps" should replace "acne" in the introduction. Cramps are the most common of the symptoms. "Acne" (mentioned in this discussion back up on the page) isn't as serious a concern as the others (for most women, I'd say). ] (]) 23:59, 12 March 2021 (UTC)
:Thanks you for these useful comments, which I will keep in mind if any further chnages to that (tricky) paragraph are made. I have replaced Acne in the Lead as you suggested.] (]) 08:01, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::The penultimate sentence needs to be rewritten now that we're focussing on the women with problems again. I came up blank in terms of good prose. ] (]) 09:43, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
:::Of which section? ] (]) 10:11, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::::The last paragraph of the lede. Directly after the sentence you just improved. ] (]) 10:17, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::OK. ] (]) 10:56, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::Thank you, Graham Beards. ] (]) 17:45, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
: We seem to have gone backwards, to again focusing on what TWO sources say are 20 to 32% of women, medicalizing the cycle, while we have lost the specificity that (68 to) 80% of women do not experience disruption in their daily lives— what is stated clearly in two sources. This article is not PMS, and most women do not have PMS, yet we introduce now what is 20% of women prominently in the lead. My understanding early on was that GandyDancer, Graham, Femke and I all objected to this. We need to go back to what the sources say about 80% (in one source, expressed as 20-32 in the other) of women, as “some women” is too vague and we are leaving the impression that menstruation is more than a bother to a lot of women. Why are we using PMS sources rather than menstrual cycle sources? I thought this section had highlighted sources that specifically discuss the cycle so that we could get away from medical disorders that affect “some”? Or, as Femke says, we are “focusing on the women with problems again” even though a) that is borderline offtopic, and b) those women are a minority. I hope we can stick to sources about the menstrual cycle and not get into the netherlands of every medical issue that affects a minority to the point of undue attention: yes, having to use products to contain flow is a “bother”, but the medical definition of disruption to daily life means something entirely different. Shall we examine the sources originally provided by WAID, listed above, and use them if helpful to get away from PMS, which is not what this article is about? We have a high quality recent source that says: <blockquote> Else-Quest and Hyde have a short (two pages) section on Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle. It says that MC effects on mood are a common perception, but there is little evidence to support it. It adds that reported correlations with hormones do not prove causation. The authors have more, much more, to say on cultural influences than hormones.Graham Beards (talk) 14:19, 8 March 2021 (UTC)</blockquote> so there is no need to get off into medical conditions affecting the minority— particularly when we are sourcing those statements to articles about PMS. ] (]) 13:52, 13 March 2021 (UTC)


::One of those sources only refers to the luteal phase not the full cycle so we only have one source. ] (]) 13:59, 13 March 2021 (UTC) Note: I'm new to editing, feedback how to do things well appreciated! ] (]) 12:55, 8 May 2024 (UTC)


:Hi, what do you mean by "executive functioning"? ] (]) 13:06, 8 May 2024 (UTC)
::: All four of the sources used in those two sentences of the final para of the lead are PMS sources; we are opening the door again for the article to become about medicalization of the reproductive cycle, while giving undue attention to a minority. At minimum, we might move that out of the lead, but I also suggest we should be using Else-Quest if anything. ] (]) 14:34, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::This is how is it defined in :
::::I think we should delete all of it but I anticipate a lot of opposition. By using Else-Quest, do you mean the take home message I wrote above? ] (]) 14:41, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::"Aside from traditionally sex dimorphic tasks, menstrual cycle studies have also considered executive functioning tasks. Executive function is an umbrella term, referring to higher order cognitive processes, such as the capacity to monitor, organize, think flexibly, and plan." ] (]) 13:13, 8 May 2024 (UTC)
::::: Or similar; I am unsure if that commentary was based on a quick glance or if you would want to expand it. It is a source specific to the cycle, and if we preferences sources about individual conditions (even in the lead, even when they affect a minority), that could end with re-medicalizing the entire article again. As to delete or just leave out of the lead, we should gather other opinions. I am unsure why we are focusing on PMS as opposed to any other medical condition that can affect a part of the cycle. Graham, {{PMID| 26346058}} which you found demonstrates the issue(s) well (is it really a reproductive cycle issue?) and offers an explanation for why menstruation is merely a “bother”, but not disruptive, for most women. ] (]) 14:50, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
:::That's rather vague. ] (]) 14:19, 8 May 2024 (UTC)
::::::The first thing I noticed in that paper was the enormous range in those affected ("between 45 and 95%") and this paragraph "few affected women seek medical treatment, despite the substantial distress experienced, as many consider the pain to be a normal part of the menstrual cycle rather than a disorder". It didn't have the answer to my question; for how many women is it a minor disruption? (Or a "bother" as you put it). I didn't pursue it further because it was leading me astray down the medicalization path. We should certainly move away from PMS.] (]) 17:01, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::::Plausibly! Do you have any suggestions how to proceed? Despite the summary being vague, I still think it better reflects what the paper actually says. Some possible next steps might be:
::::::SandyGeorgia, did you read what I said? Why do you say "minority" and "medicalizing the cycle" when reporting on common facets of it? In the PMS section back up on the page, Graham Beards quoted information from the Wendy Biggs and Robin Demuth source. One thing it says is "Up to 80 percent of women report one or more physical, psychological, or behavioral symptoms during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle without experiencing substantial disruption to their daily functioning." It says "without experiencing substantial disruption", not "without experiencing any disruption." The Hong Ju, Mark Jones, Gita Mishra source says that ], what our Misplaced Pages article alternatively calls menstrual cramps, "is a common menstrual complaint with a major impact on women's quality of life, work productivity, and health-care utilization." It says that "the prevalence of dysmenorrhea varies between 16% and 91% in women of reproductive age, with severe pain in 2%–29% of the women studied." So dysmenorrhea is common. Menstrual cramping is painful and happens near or during the woman's period. While estimates vary, it occurs in most teenage girls and women during their cycle, not in a minority. These cramps do typically disrupt teenage girls' and women's lives enough to, as one of the sources says, result in a complaint about the cramps affecting their quality of life. Disruption does not need to be debilitating to be disruption. Many teenage girls and women take medication for the cramps. If these cramps did not disrupt their lives at all, they would not need the medication. There are other menstrual cycle symptoms, such as bloating and irritability, that are common. Women can also get these symptoms during their cycle without the symptoms being diagnosed as PMS. Our PMS article mentions this. Graham Beards has also quoted a piece from a source that says "few affected women seek medical treatment, despite the substantial distress experienced, as many consider the pain to be a normal part of the menstrual cycle rather than a disorder." Well, as substantial distress is substantial, I wouldn't say that's not disruption. I object to removing the information on pain or other troubles that teenage girls and women commonly experience during the cycle. This isn't medicalizing the topic. It's a medical facet of a biological topic. It's just a reality that comes with the cycle. If concerned about focusing on the luteal phase, one suggestion I have is to say "During the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, some women experience problems that disrupt daily life." I still think "some" should be "many" or that we should just remove "disrupt daily life" and replace the sentence with "During their menstrual cycle, many women experience painful symptoms." We could also say "During the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle, many women experience painful symptoms." ] (]) 17:45, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::::# Trying to summarize the article in a more concrete way.
::::::::Hold on. Can we stop going around in circles? We have already agreed that medical problems associated with menstruation belong in ] and not here. Could somebody point out any issues associated the follicular, secretory and luteal phases that are important enough to be mentioned? And backed up with ] and not opinions. Also, given this article is around 99% about ], I am amazed that no one has checked what I have written about the complex interplay of hormones — or at least said they have read it and it's correct. ] (]) 19:32, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::::# Removing the citation of the article.
:::::::::Graham Beards, please be patient with me. You've been a tremendous help with the page and I also want to help. What I think should be in the article aside, please know that I'm not commenting from a personal viewpoint. As to "We have already agreed that medical problems associated with menstruation belong in ] and not here." But the cycle is intrinsically linked to those problems ("80 percent of women report one or more physical, psychological, or behavioral symptoms during the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle") and should be mentioned on this page too. They already are, and the article would have excluded pertinent information if it weren't on the page. That is all I support including on the page about issues that teenage girls and women have during their cycle. We don't need to go into any unnecessary depth about menstruation or anything else. I've looked at refs on this topic today. I read all of the reviews that have been discussed here and others (a Turkish one too), and then I took a look at what books have say. A couple of books have been mentioned on this discussion page. As to what I read, well, there's this ref. It's a Nancy Caroline's Emergency Care in the Streets Advantage Package (Canadian Edition) ref and says, "Some women may experience abdominal pain and cramping in the middle of the menstrual cycle. This pain and its accompanying symptoms result from the physiologic rupture of an ovarian follicle and are collectively called mittelschmerz (German for middle pain). In most cases, the pain is not severe; it may last only a few minutes or as long as 48 hours (average, 6 to 8 hours). Signs and symptoms include sharp, cramping pain in the lower abdomen, localized to one side, beginning midcycle, with a history of similar pain episodes during previous periods. The pain may also be reported as switching sides from month to month. The condition itself is not serious, and the pain can be relieved by over-the-counter analgesics."
::::# Expanding the literature review and including more sources.
::::] (]) 09:31, 11 May 2024 (UTC)
:::::We need to fix the expression "in terms of executive functioning" and delete "current". Then I think your suggestion could be adopted. I have already deleted the word "creativity". ] (]) 09:41, 11 May 2024 (UTC)


== Evolution of the Menstrual cycle ==
:::::::::The ref also says, "Dysmenorrhea is painful menses. It is classified into two categories: primary and secondary. Primary dysmenorrhea occurs with the advent of the menstrual flow and normally lasts for the first 1 to 2 days with gradual relief. Mild cramping is normal, but some women experience severe cramping, with pain originating in the area of the pubic symphysis and radiating downward to the vulva and outward to the thighs. Primary dysmenorrhea accounts for approximately 80% of patients presenting with painful menses and accompanies a regular period. Secondary dysmenorrhea is pain that is present before, during, and after the menstrual flow. It is generally organic in nature (not hormonal) and may signal an underlying illness or structural abnormality. As with PMS, prehospital treatment is largely supportive." So this source (not too dissimilar to others on the subject) is saying what I've said. These symptoms are common, may or may not be characterized as PMS, and while, in most women, they are not severe enough to substantially affect their daily routine, pain is involved and medication is needed for many of these women. And so I'm concerned about having this page misdirect readers by making them believe that there is no menstrual pain or other discomfort, or no issue with pain or other discomfort, for most women at certain points during their cycle. While something like menstrual cramps won't be debilitating for most women, they are enough of a problem in that the pain can last for hours, especially without medication. What I keep seeing with the 80% figure is acknowledgement that at least 80% of women experience some sort of pain or other discomfort at some points during their cycle, with some of the references acknowledging the issues with diagnosing all or some of these as PMS.


Firstly, in the line 4 (theory 3), it's written that "Decidualization leads to the development of the ]", which sounds incomplete. A better way to rephrase it would be "Decidualization leads to the differentiation of the endometrial stroma" since the immune and decidual cells that were mentioned in the cited source reside in the stromal layer of the endometrium.
:::::::::This ref (A Pocket Guide to Clinical Midwifery) says, "Although 80% of women report symptoms of PMS, only 20–32% have recurrent lifestyle modifications indicating a diagnosis of PMS (Schuiling & Likis, 2017)." And the Anatomy and Physiology - E-Book ref says, "Dysmenorrhea, meaning 'painful menstruation', is the term used to describe menstrual cramps, the painful periods that affect 75% to 80% of women at some time during their reproductive years." ] (]) 04:01, 14 March 2021 (UTC)


it's also stated that "It(menstruation) evolved in some placental mammals because it confers advantages in that it allows females to <u>prepare for pregnancy without needing a signal from the fetus".</u> I don't see how '''not needing a signal from the fetus''' to prepare for pregnancy, '''in itself''' could be advantageous to the mother. The proposed function/advantage of decidualisation should be explained instead.
::::::::::This is unnecessarily long and does not attempt to address my questions. Your only valid concern is "this page misdirect(s) readers by making them believe that there is no menstrual pain or other discomfort, or no issue with pain or other discomfort". It doesn't. I suggest you direct your energy to improving ]. ] (]) 10:25, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::Graham, how can we help on the endocrinology? I don't have the textbooks, and as best I can tell, we have no experienced editors who specialize in endocrinology. All I can offer is to research and read journal articles on topics if there is a specific section you want reviewed or checked, but agree that is where our focus should be now. Other than that, please let us know how we can help. {{pb}} On the menstruation issue, I have re-read all of the sources, and they all seem to be saying similar (and that similarity seems to explain the wide variability in how "pain" is reported). A lot of the variability seems to be related to cultural factors, environmental factors, perception affected by family, issues like somatoform disorders and fibromyalgia, so there are many issues that can be explored at ] about different cultural and societal and environmental factors that lead to perception of pain. Best, ] (]) 17:28, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::I was being sarcastic. Despite our now having an excellent (even though I say it myself) explanation of the endocrinology, which is what the article is all about, we are still seeing walls of text on the Talk Page about a couple of sentences. You hit the nail on the head by saying "A lot of the variability seems to be related to cultural factors...", and this is why that stuff belongs in ]. Regardless of the quality of our sources, we are not going to an agreement on any percentages that we quote. No one seems at all interested in how this amazing cycle works and I am left with the impression we should just focus on period pain.] (]) 17:58, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::Whew; I could not figure out why you seemed to be questioning your own high quality work and asking for it to be checked ... :0. And the majority of us do see and recognize it; thank you, Graham, for the great article. ] (]) 18:19, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::Graham Beards, I don't think I'm mistaken when I say that other users have also made long posts on this discussion page. My additional post was that long because I quoted portions of refs. You said that my post does not attempt to address your questions. What came up was a concern about the information that says "During their menstrual cycle, some women experience problems that disrupt daily life; such problems can include cramps, tender breasts, bloating, tiredness, irritability, mood changes and premenstrual syndrome. More severe problems such as premenstrual dysphoric disorder are experienced by 3 to 8% of women." My long post was about that. When I first posted, offering my thoughts on a topic I can help on, you thanked me. Now, even though a complaint was made about reporting on factual stuff, I get this response that characterizes me as just going off at the mouth. You said that my only valid concern is this page misdirects readers by making them believe that there is no menstrual pain or other discomfort, or no issue with pain or other discomfort. You said it doesn't. Yes, it doesn't yet because that information is still in the introduction and the menstrual health section, as it should be.
::::::::::::My valid concern is about not removing this information on some misguided belief that these symptoms occur in a minority of women or that reporting on them is medicalizing the menstrual cycle. My energy doesn't need to be directed to the menstruation page because I was as focused on text on this page as others were. It's painting editors with a broad brush to say that "no one seems at all interested in how this amazing cycle works." I am, and I know quite a bit about it. Others on this discussion page probably do too. However, when the final section on the discussion page is discussing the pain information or other symptoms, and another complaint is made about how we've reported on it after we seem to have resolved it, it's not unreasonable that others will comment on it too. I can help with information on other stuff. By the way, I don't see any good refs that a lot of the experienced pain can be attributed to culture or social environment. We know that the cramping has much to do with biology. But I have seen some things on the variability of some of the painful symptoms possibly being due to how the pain is expected to be perceived. Even the reality that "few affected women seek medical treatment, despite the substantial distress experienced, as many consider the pain to be a normal part of the menstrual cycle rather than a disorder" concerns perceptions. I agree that information like this should be elaborated on at the menstruation page rather than at this one. ] (]) 21:11, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::Sorry, please see ] and ]. Can you please stop posting essays. ] (]) 22:08, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::::Wow, rude much? Was the "We seem to have gone backwards" post by another user after we'd resolved the pain stuff not also an essay? My post is a violation of the WP:NOTAFORUM rule, but theirs isn't? My posts have been on-topic! No wonder people are backing away from trying to help at this page. When two editors just do what they want and talk over others offering their thoughts, what's the point? I suggest you listen to others, just like you listened to my first post. We can move on from the pain stuff now. It's fine the way it is. That is all I was saying. Sheesh. I maybe should have just said that with no explanation. ] (]) 22:21, 14 March 2021 (UTC)


I propose:
@ApproximateLand :). Welcome to Misplaced Pages, and thanks for trying to help here. Graham is right that shorter messages are way more convincing; I'm definitely too tired after a day of work to read long posts like the one you posted above. @Graham; ApproximateLand is new around here; don't bite :) (I do appreciate you may be tired after your heroic work here). ] (]) 22:36, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
:Thank you, Femkemilene! I'll try to keep my posts more succinct in the future on Misplaced Pages. ] (]) 22:40, 14 March 2021 (UTC)


A theory based on spontaneous decidualization (a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy, in which the endometrium changes into the decidua).Decidualisation leads to the development of endometrial stroma, which involves cells of the immune system, the formation of a new blood supply, hormones and tissue differentiation. In non-menstruating mammals, decidualization is driven by the embryo, not the mother. One theory suggests that Menstruation is a consequence of the decidualization process and that the body uses spontaneous decidualization to identify defective embryos early on. This process happens because the decidual cells of the stroma can recognize and respond to defects in a developing embryo by stopping the signals needed for the embryo to implant.<ref>https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2858159/</ref>
=== Identifying reviews ===
Done, and I standardized journal articles to sentence case, as we had a mix (book titles use title case). ] (]) 00:27, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
:Thanks. ] (]) 08:01, 13 March 2021 (UTC)
::I have replaced most of the sources that are journal articles but are not reviews by book sources.. I have left four journal article sources in the Evolution section because these are the papers cited by our main source Emera D et al. I included them as a courtesy to our readers to save them having to look them up. ] (]) 10:42, 16 March 2021 (UTC)
::: Thanks again, Graham (agree re Evolution section). ] (]) 14:04, 16 March 2021 (UTC)


] (]) 04:30, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
=== Usage of the wording "on day 14" ===
I've asked a friend of mine who is an endocrinologist what she thinks of the article now and had the following conversation with her: She said "Looks pretty good! Apart from the “ovulation occurs around day 14” statement. It should be “.. occurs around 14 days before onset of menses” - a different thing!". I replied "I am trying to understand which sentence(s) you are saying needs changing. So I did a word search for "Day " in the article and found it mentioned a few times, e.g. "Around day fourteen, the egg is released from the ovary" Would you argue against the usage of things like Day 1, Day 14 etc. altogether?" Her reply: "It’s fine to use day 1 etc for most things, but the day the egg is released is dependent on how long a women’s cycle is, and is only day 14 if a woman has a 28 day cycle.". So I am wondering if we should clarify this? That the "Day 14" statement only applies to women who have a 28-cycle day? It might otherwise be taken as a given that for all women it's on Day 14. ] (]) 04:12, 15 March 2021 (UTC)
:No not really because we say "around" not "on". "''Luteinising hormone initiates ovulation at around day 14 and stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum.<nowiki>{{sfn|Tortora|2017|p=944}}</nowiki>''" The luteal phase is usually bang on 14 days, whereas the follicular phase tends to show much more variability lasting from 10 to 16 days. This is what your friend is referring to. So "around Day 14" is close enough for most women. Thanks for the feedback.] (]) 08:43, 15 March 2021 (UTC)
: Agree ... I searched and searched for the problem mentioned by EMsmile, and couldn’t find it, as we are always careful to be reflecting the average, with either “around”, “about”, or “average” wording. It seems we have this covered, as we are reflecting an average 28-day cycle, but EMsmile it is awesome that you found an endocrinologist to review the article and that she liked it! That is great news! {{pb}} If people would look over and comment on the section just above this as to whether they are happy with each instance of where we use a non-review source, we would be moving closer to wrapping up loose ends. (I flagged up each use of review vs. non-review, and no one has commented except Graham.) I think I have all the MOS issues covered. ] (]) 16:06, 15 March 2021 (UTC)


:The first sentence (which is poorly written) is not needed. The rest could be acceptable, but why are your writing menstruation with an uppercase em ? Also, "early on" is too vague, the citations go ''after'' the punctuation, and what signals? ] (]) 07:32, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
===Bits and pieces===
::In mice(which don't spontaneously decidualise) decidualisation would happen 1 day after implantation .In women, decidualization starts at around day 23 of the cycle .Assuming intercourse on day 13, one day for fertilization and 7 days for the blastocyst to form and implant , the blastocyst would be implanting on day 21 or 22 in the best case scenario.
I encouraged my endocronologist friend to take a further look at the article, and here is some more feedback from her:
::So humans:implant on day 22, decidualize on day 23
* So in the follicular phase “Antral follicles “ are used in the paragraph prior to them being defined. Suggest moving “The follicular phase is the first part of the ovarian cycle and it ends with the completion of the antral follicles. Meiosis (cell division) remains incomplete in the egg cells until the antral follicle is formed. “ lower down in that section
::Mice:Implant on day 4, decidualize on day 5
* There’s a fair bit of repetition, maybe that’s a necessity? But sometimes they say different things, eg the trigger for menstruation.
::So this theory is actually starting to make no sense. Idea that SD evolved to detect "bad" embryos '''early on''' was suggested by article. Maybe the source for the timing of decidualisation(23rd day) in humans is not reliable? Or maybe animals other than mice start decidualization later and invest in faulty embryons for longer before they abort.
* “ Breastfeeding women can experience complete suppression of follicular development, follicular development but no ovulation, or normal menstrual cycles can resume.”
Grammar problem. End with: “or resumption of normal menstrual cycles”. ] (]) 12:46, 16 March 2021 (UTC) ] (]) 08:26, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
::Thank you both for this. I have made these changes. . ] (]) 14:10, 16 March 2021 (UTC)
::: Thanks to all three ... awesome that an endocrinologist looked in. ] (]) 14:13, 16 March 2021 (UTC)


:İ'm not here to debunk a theory, İ think changing the "signals" to "cytokines" and fixing typos would be sufficient.Also, if you mean the first sentence of the 4th line, i didn't write that ] (]) 08:51, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
=== Still pending ===
::Ok, if you could edit it accordingly and ''format the citations correctly'', we could add it. I suggest you present the text below, and we can then paste it into the article. ] (]) 10:43, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
::: Previous discussions archived for length, see ]. ] (]) 21:13, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::{| class="wikitable"
It is perchance that I am obtuse, so if I am misunderstanding the posts of others, please spell it out for me Dummies 101 style, but we still seem to have one thing pending.{{pb}} {{u|NikosGouliaros}} asked for ]. {{u|WhatamIdoing}} came up with Else-Quest, a 2021 source, which was ] by Graham. {{u|Femkemilene}} pointed out that we are still using sources about menstruation (UNDUE and off-topic here in my opinion, but I digress), and I note that we still haven't used WAID's source which specifically addresses the menstrual cycle (as opposed to menstruation). In that same discussion, Graham produced yet another recent review which explains the variance in menstruation literature (again answering the UNDUE aspect of adding menstruation issues as affected by environmental, cultural, societal factors and comorbidities here), and yet somehow we still never got back to the menstrual cycle source provided by WAID. We seem to have forgotten a piece amid other discussions; or am I missing something? {{pb}} I would add something from Else-Quest myself, but google preview only lets me see the first page. I suggest we still need to address the issue raised by NikosGouliaros, and WAID's source is a good one for doing that; would someone add a few sentences under Menstrual health, or alternately, email me the chapter if possible? ] (]) 15:02, 16 March 2021 (UTC)
!Current revision
!My proposal
|-
|
# A theory based on spontaneous ] (a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy, in which the endometrium changes into the ]). Decidualization leads to the development of the ], which involves cells of the immune system, the formation of a new blood supply, hormones and tissue differentiation. In non-menstruating mammals, decidualization is driven by the embryo, not the mother. It evolved in some placental mammals because it confers advantages in that it allows females to prepare for pregnancy without needing a signal from the fetus. Hypothesis 3 defers to an explanation of the evolutionary origin of spontaneous decidualization and does not explain the evolution of menstruation alone.
|A theory based on spontaneous decidualization (a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy). Decidualisation leads to the differentiation of the endometrial stroma, which involves cells of the immune system,<ref name="pmid32129461">{{cite journal |vauthors=Catalini L, Fedder J |title=Characteristics of the endometrium in menstruating species: lessons learned from the animal kingdom† |journal=Biology of Reproduction |volume=102 |issue=6 |pages=1160–1169 |date=May 2020 |pmid=32129461 |pmc=7253787 |doi=10.1093/biolre/ioaa029 |type= Journal article}}</ref> the formation of a new blood supply, hormones and tissue differentiation. In non-menstruating mammals, decidualization is driven by the embryo, not the mother.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Muter |first=Joanne |last2=Kong |first2=Chow-Seng |last3=Brosens |first3=Jan J. |date=2021-12-23 |title=The Role of Decidual Subpopulations in Implantation, Menstruation and Miscarriage |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/reproductive-health/articles/10.3389/frph.2021.804921/full |journal=Frontiers in Reproductive Health |language=English |volume=3 |doi=10.3389/frph.2021.804921 |issn=2673-3153}}</ref> According to this theory, menstruation is an unintended consequence of the decidualization process and the body uses spontaneous decidualization to identify and reject defective embryos early on.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Teklenburg |first=Gijs |last2=Salker |first2=Madhuri |last3=Molokhia |first3=Mariam |last4=Lavery |first4=Stuart |last5=Trew |first5=Geoffrey |last6=Aojanepong |first6=Tepchongchit |last7=Mardon |first7=Helen J. |last8=Lokugamage |first8=Amali U. |last9=Rai |first9=Raj |last10=Landles |first10=Christian |last11=Roelen |first11=Bernard A. J. |last12=Quenby |first12=Siobhan |last13=Kuijk |first13=Ewart W. |last14=Kavelaars |first14=Annemieke |last15=Heijnen |first15=Cobi J. |date=2010-04-21 |title=Natural Selection of Human Embryos: Decidualizing Endometrial Stromal Cells Serve as Sensors of Embryo Quality upon Implantation |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2858159/ |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=e10258 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0010258 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=2858159 |pmid=20422011}}</ref> This process happens because the decidual cells of the stroma can recognize and respond to defects in a developing embryo by stopping the secretion of cytokines needed for the embryo to implant.<ref name=":0" />
|}
:::] (]) 12:50, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
::::That's much better. I have fixed the citation formatting errors in your version. I don't like "some authors". That's too vague. Perhaps say "It could be that menstruation is an unintended consequence of the decidualization process and that the body uses spontaneous decidualization to identify defective embryos early on." ] (]) 13:07, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
:::::İ rephrased that, İ think this version is good to go. Also thanks for helping me out with this revision. ] (]) 14:01, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
::::::I'll implement the change now. ] (]) 14:28, 8 August 2024 (UTC)


== Blatant misinformation "a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the fallopian tube" ==
* {{cite book|title= The psychology of women and gender: half the human experience +|vauthors= Else-Quest N, Hyde JS |location= Los Angeles |publisher= SAGE publications |date= 2021 |edition = 10th |isbn= 978-1-544-39360-5 |chapter= Psychology, gender, and health: psychological aspects of the menstrual cycle}}


Full sentence.. "Called ovulation, this occurs when a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the fallopian tube".
:I think that we shouldn't make a firm distinction between the cycle and each phase. If you have problems in Phase X of the cycle, then you logically do "have problems in...the cycle". It would be a problem to tot up the numbers for each phase (because some women will have problems in more than one phase), but I think it's fine to say that women who have problems during the luteal phase (e.g., PMS) or menstrual phase (e.g., cramps) are women who have problems during the menstrual cycle. ] (]) 23:49, 16 March 2021 (UTC)
::Yes, that makes sense.] (]) 10:37, 17 March 2021 (UTC)
::: But my question is, are we adding something to address NikosG’s request, and from Else-Quest, a source explicitly about the topic ? Did we lose track of that in the other discussion, or is there a different reason we haven’t added it? ] (]) 10:49, 17 March 2021 (UTC)
::::It's partly because this Talk Page has become rather difficult to keep track of. (Well done for archiving some of it Sandy). I wasn't planing to add anything and I don't have a copy of the source with me in any case. I was hoping WAID might be better placed to add something if we are certain it is needed. I would avoid anything about "mood swings" like the plague. ] (]) 11:40, 17 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::We probably should add something.
:::::The other thing that's been on my mind is that there's a difference between "has a symptom" and "has a problem". The reported symptoms include things that some women would not count as problems, such as (temporarily) larger breasts. ] (]) 02:15, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::Until the cat walks across them. I got hold of the pages from Else-Quest, and was going to propose something after Clayoquot’s endocrinologist goes through on that, but maybe you can do this part. ] (]) 02:25, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
:I think that something along these lines would be a fair summary of the Else–Quest book. I'm not sure where to put this, so I'll leave it here. This is from the 10th edition (last month!), 978-1544393605, pp. 258–261:
{{tqb|There is a common belief that the menstrual cycle affects women's moods. Much of the research is weak, but there appears to be a "very small" increase in mood fluctuations during the luteal and menstrual phases, and a corresponding decrease during the rest of the cycle. The amount of change experienced by any individual may be none, small, or larger. When these changes are caused by the menstrual cycle, it is due to changes in hormone levels. However, the effect of overall stress levels, in non-menstrual health, and in how much the person feels supported by others is a much more significant factor in the mood variation than the menstrual cycle.
{{pb}}
The culturally communicated belief that the premenstrual time is associated with poor mood or that menstruation is a painful, shameful, or unclean experience may be a self-fulfilling prophecy. The belief can cause women to feel worse. It can also result in people, including the affected woman, attributing a woman's normal and appropriate mood variation to the menstrual cycle, so that a premenstrual woman who feels angry about a real problem can be dismissed by herself and others as merely suffering from hormones.
{{pb}}
Non-psychological changes are also small and uncommon. Athletic performance does not vary with hormones. General intellectual performance, including overall academic performance, problem-solving ability, memory, or creative thinking, does not vary during the menstrual cycle. Spatial reasoning ability increases during the menstruation phase; this is likely due to the lower levels of estrogen and progesterone at that time.}}
:The only concern I have about what the book says is that I think they are silently excluding serious menstrual-related medical problems, without directly stating it. If you're curled up in bed because the cramps are so bad, then your athletic performance is probably going to be pretty limited today. But I think that adding the obvious disclaimer would violate NOR (unless we found another source). ] (]) 03:10, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
::Graham wants to “avoid mood swings like the plague” ... I noticed the wording “shifts in behavior” in the source. ] (]) 03:17, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
:::The book specifically mentions sadness and irritability, but I don't remember any specific behaviors being named for that point. Also, it specifically says that while some women are slightly more likely to "feel like" crying, they are not actually more likely to do it (so, no actual shift in behavior, just in mood for that point).
:::One thing to be careful about is that variability in fluctuation (many vs few changes per hour/day/week) is not quite the same as variability in mood (more likely to be sad/mad/glad/afraid/surprised/disgusted during certain weeks). I don't think that the sources are always very careful about describing those, possibly because they are trying very hard to avoid using the term ''mood swings''. Speaking of which, "mood swing", aside from not being in this source, is probably not the right overall tone. It seems to imply that the change in mood is sudden and unwarranted. ] (]) 05:34, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
::::It all comes across as rather wishy-washy and lacking solid facts. Is there no hard evidence for any of this? I would not like see a section based on little more than speculation added to an article in which we have been so careful to get the facts right.] (]) 07:41, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::Graham, can that be fixed by keeping it very short, as you originally did ? As in ... There is a perception of X, but little evidence. ] (]) 15:43, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::Yes, I think it could be covered in two or three sentences and that would be consistent with the current summary style.] (]) 16:15, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::"Little evidence" is the wrong approach. There is "evidence against" mood swings being a general problem. ] (]) 18:30, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::: OK, I would like us to get into three sentences ... 1) perception that exists, 2) evidence does not support, but there are 3) other cultural and environmental influences, and 4) other factors are more significant in perception. If we wanted more, plenty of other sources indicate other medical comorbidities have an influence, but I think a lot of that belongs better at ]. ] (]) 18:43, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::On the general subject: Compared to, say, chemistry, behavioral health is always going to be a bit on the wishy-washy side. This is partly because of the difficulty of drawing conclusions about emotions and behavior. So, imagine that I was grumpy the other day. (I was.)
:::::Was I grumpy because of 'hormones'? Or, you know, because of the ten thousand other reasons that humans might feel grumpy? Let's say that the proximate cause of my grumpiness because I didn't sleep well. Okay, but why didn't I sleep well? Could my imperfect sleep have been caused by 'hormones'? No, let's say that I didn't sleep well because my back hurt. (It did.) Fine, but why did my back hurt?
:::::Pain tolerance and joint laxity probably vary with 'hormones' (and pain tolerance definitely varies with sleep status). So could it be that the menstrual cycle made my back a little unstable and made me more sensitive to pain, which made me not sleep well, which made me grumpy? That's going to be really hard to discover with normal measurement systems, and if you made that connection, you'd run into another problem: you'd be wrong. The actual reason my back hurt is because I sat at a desk to play a computer game last week. (Using a computer at a desk never ends well for me. I'm almost over it now.)
:::::What we have, as reported in this source, is that the studies are mostly bad (e.g., selective memory/retrospective surveys). The better surveys are daily self-reports, which show "very small" changes in mood over the course of the menstrual cycle. They didn't give specific examples, but if you imagine that it's normal to feel sad for 100 hours a year, then maybe those 100 hours are distributed slightly unevenly, so that instead of exactly 25 hours per year falling into each of the four weeks of the cycle, maybe the distribution is 25+24+25+26 instead. A couple combine self-reports (there isn't an objective biological test for mood...) with hormone tests. Those find no close correlation between self-reported mood and hormone status. Some work on mood and hormonal contraception proves the role of hormones: women on monophasic pills have a more steady mood than women on triphasic pills; ergo, hormone changes cause (some, usually small) mood changes in some women.
:::::Put in less encyclopedic, less formal language: if a woman is upset (and you somehow happen to know that it's "that time"), it's very unlikely that "hormones" have anything to do with it. There are a small number of women for whom this isn't true, but the overall story from this book is that mood variation due to the menstrual cycle just isn't a clinically detectable thing for most women, including women who have been "taught" that they experience this. However, again, I think they're talking about basically healthy women. Premenstrual exacerbation of mental illness is a thing, too. ] (]) 19:13, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::: I have added a synopsis based on our discussions. . ] (]) 13:28, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::With that edit, it appears that neither you nor SandyGeorgia have fully taken WhatamIdoing's statements on board. WhatamIdoing told us {{tq|"Um, of course the menstrual cycle has an effect on psychological status? Because if it didn't, then PMS and PMDD wouldn't be a thing. As for sources that we could use, it's tough. You might consider , which says that mood effects are 'very small', seen in both pre-menstrual and menstrual phases, and that external 'factors such as stress, health, and social support are more important'. There is evidence for a hormonal effect, and it also indicates that the effects that are self-reported might be culturally conditioned (e.g., through movies that say women are 'supposed to' have PMS, through stress caused by menstrual taboos, etc.)"}} WhatamIdoing quoted part of the source saying, {{tq|"There is a common belief that the menstrual cycle affects women's moods. Much of the research is weak, but there appears to be a 'very small' increase in mood fluctuations during the luteal and menstrual phases, and a corresponding decrease during the rest of the cycle. The amount of change experienced by any individual may be none, small, or larger. When these changes are caused by the menstrual cycle, it is due to changes in hormone levels."}} WhatamIdoing said, {{tq|"Also, it specifically says that while some women are slightly more likely to 'feel like' crying, they are not actually more likely to do it (so, no actual shift in behavior, just in mood for that point)."}} WhatamIdoing said, {{tq|" 'Little evidence' is the wrong approach. There is 'evidence against' mood swings being a general problem."}} And even so the article tells us that the menstrual cycle affecting women's moods "has not been confirmed by research." Use of "has not been confirmed" is very different from "much of the research is weak" and "very small", especially when we consider that ], which concerns the menstrual cycle, is a real thing that affects women's moods/affects them psychologically. The Psychology of Women and Gender reference also says that "spatial reasoning ability increases during the menstruation phase; this is likely due to the lower levels of estrogen and progesterone at that time.", but this has been left out of the article. The source says "general intellectual performance", not "intellectual performance." It just feels like you focused on "culture may be causing this" speculation even though that is what is unproven.
:::::::And taking into consideration the lengthy posts (including WhatamIdoing's) before this, please don't complain about the length of this post (which is mostly quoting WhatamIdoing). Please respond to my concern, which is that we are not being accurate when reporting on this. ] (]) 18:16, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::I am sure WAID can speak for themselves and there is no to need repeat their comments – just refer to them.] (]) 18:46, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::I am sure that quoting WhatamIdoing is not speaking for WhatamIdoing. I am also sure that you can stop telling me how to reply. I assume that ] exists because it is acceptable to quote people. I refuse to be be treated differently than long-term editors. I reworked the material into something more accurate/truer to the reference. ] (]) 19:00, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::Are you checking that your additions are supported by the citation given (i.e. the page number) and there is no ]? At the end of the source (p. 254 of the 9th edition) it says "Importantly, there is no ''fluctuation'' in performance, " (my emphasis). Lastly, could you share the quality sources and standard works that you refer to in this edit summary . I have struggled to find ] for this section. ] (]) 19:27, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::: Graham, do we need to change/expand the range, pp. 258–61? Or convert Else-Quest to sfns? Will worry about this once WAID has weighed in ... just noting so I don't forget. Thanks so much for all you have done for this article; your efforts are appreciated! ] (]) 19:32, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::I think we have reached the stage where we need sfns for verifiability and consistency.] (]) 19:36, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::: I moved in sfn referencing for Else-Quest here; pages will need to be refined, expanded, specified, but can wait for WAID's feedback. ] (]) 19:53, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::I am checking that my additions are supported by the citation given. Besides this, WhatamIdoing provided us with a big quote higher up on the page from the source. The ] area of ] says, "Close paraphrasing is also permitted when there are only a limited number of ways to say the same thing. This may be the case when there is no reasonable way to avoid using technical terms, and may also be the case with simple statements of fact." This is why some phrasing we added is awfully close to the source's phrasing. In regards to quality sources, I was referring to the references that exist saying what WhatamIdoing has said, but more about ] and ]. The data may be limited on mood changes, but ] say these mood changes exist for many women. References like those seen in the premenstrual syndrome page report these mood changes as fact. The Psychology of Women and Gender reference says "there appears to be a 'very small' increase in mood fluctuations during the luteal and menstrual phases, and a corresponding decrease during the rest of the cycle. The amount of change experienced by any individual may be none, small, or larger. When these changes are caused by the menstrual cycle, it is due to changes in hormone levels. However, the effect of overall stress levels, in non-menstrual health, and in how much the person feels supported by others is a much more significant factor in the mood variation than the menstrual cycle." So it's confirming evidence of mood changes because of the cycle. I'm concerned about relying on this one source when taking into consideration all the other references saying mood swings happen because of premenstrual syndrome (and, worse, premenstrual dysphoric disorder). The reference says "there is a common belief", but that common "belief" is found in acceptable sources. Whether or not some of the mood changes are because of societal expectation, they happen. I'm okay with us saying that the data on mood changes is limited or weak at this point. I only disagree with saying "has not been confirmed". ] (]) 20:08, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::That is not a quotation from the source. It is WAID's summary.] (]) 08:43, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::You are misplacing the burden of proof. Do you know about ]? ] (]) 20:20, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::How am I misplacing the burden of proof? The references say what they say. The quote from the reference is right there higher up for all to see. And WhatamIdoing said, "The only concern I have about what the book says is that I think they are silently excluding serious menstrual-related medical problems, without directly stating it." ] (]) 20:24, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::::The data supporting the view that there is a teapot in an orbit around the Sun somewhere between Mars and Jupiter is limited and weak. But I think "has not been confirmed" is a more honest statement. So you don't have any other sources, and why are you talking for WAID again? ] (]) 20:41, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::I've stuck to what the references say, as has WhatamIdoing, thankfully. Sticking to what the references say is much better than wanting to "avoid anything about 'mood swings' like the plague" because of a personal viewpoint. I don't know where you got the idea that quoting what WhatamIdoing had said is speaking for WhatamIdoing, but it's just something else we disagree on. I don't need to provide you with more refs when they are easily found in pages like the premenstrual syndrome page, and from recent discussions on this page (now archived), and when we already have a reference that does not support your "has not been confirmed" phrasing. That is not what the ref says at all. It wasn't a paraphrase of the ref. It is vastly different to "there appears to be a 'very small' increase in mood fluctuations during the luteal and menstrual phases, and a corresponding decrease during the rest of the cycle. The amount of change experienced by any individual may be none, small, or larger. When these changes are caused by the menstrual cycle, it is due to changes in hormone levels. However, the effect of overall stress levels, in non-menstrual health, and in how much the person feels supported by others is a much more significant factor in the mood variation than the menstrual cycle." ] (]) 20:53, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::::::You are confusing my opposition to an expression with opposition to the concept. The expression "mood swings" has become a dismissive cliché that I suggested we should avoid (like the plague). Your addition "While spatial reasoning ability increases, this is probably because of the lower levels of estrogen and progesterone during that point of the cycle", seems to come from nowhere. What point are you referring to, and on what page of the source is this. Is it the paragraph about increased testosterone and reduced oestradiol?] (]) 21:41, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::::My addition of "While spatial reasoning ability increases, this is probably because of the lower levels of estrogen and progesterone during that point of the cycle" comes straight from the source, which says, "Spatial reasoning ability increases during the menstruation phase; this is likely due to the lower levels of estrogen and progesterone at that time." WhatamIdoing quoted it higher up on the page, in this subsection (with the page numbers 258–261). You want me to use the reference's exact wording after you pointed to ] higher up and I had to point to the ] area of WP:PARAPHRASE? Sure, we can do that. I think we should wait for further comments from WhatamIdoing. ] (]) 21:50, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::::::::{{edit conflict}} So it doesn't come straight from the source at all. It comes from WAID's quotation above, which you haven't checked for accuracy before adding it to the article using, it seems, too close paraphrasing except you left out the all important "during the menstruation phase". Is there any point in my continuing to argue with you. I am only interested in improving the article, and it's not happening. ] (]) 22:11, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::::::I know that WhatamIdoing said "I think that something along these lines would be a fair summary of the Else–Quest book". I saw "fair summary." She also said "This is from the 10th edition (last month!), 978-1544393605, pp. 258–261." She seems to consider the text to be supported by the source. I read the pages and agree with the summary. So I know what it says. What I'm trying to understand is why you think WhatamIdoing's summary is inaccurate. Per WP:LIMITED, it is not "too close paraphrasing." I also added "the menstruation phase" at the same exact time you made your most recent post.. As for "Is there any point in my continuing to argue with you." No, not when you continue to be rude to me, don't listen to others, including WhatamIdoing, and water down what references say. You're right, that's not improving the page. ] (]) 22:23, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::::::You used a substantial portion of WhatamIdoing's summary, with the edit summary "added synopsis of Else-Quest (See Talk Page)". . But I can't use any of her summary? I'd rather hear from her now. ] (]) 22:36, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::::::::::I didn't, I have a PDF copy of the salient pages of the 9th edition and I made use of WAID's suggestion. And yes, I think we heard enough from you. ] (]) 22:48, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::::::::::::You didn't, but you "made use of WAID's suggestion"? Okay then. "We heard enough from you." Now who's speaking for others? Either way, I won't be silenced by you. I can choose to not put much stock into what you say, which is what I will do, considering some concerning comments you've made on this talk page. ] (]) 22:57, 21 March 2021 (UTC)


Proof from wikipedia that this is false..<br>
Conclusion: Graham used WAID's summary '''and''' consulted the source to make sure text conformed to source as he adjusted wording and corrected other changes. No other sources have been provided; IMO, it looks good so far. {{u|WhatamIdoing}} how are we doing ? ] (]) 23:47, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
"The opening is surrounded by fimbriae, which help in the collection of the oocyte after ovulation." from ]<br>
"The secondary oocyte leaves the ruptured follicle and moves out into the peritoneal cavity through the stigma, where it is caught by the fimbriae at the end of the fallopian tube" from ]


Proof from an external source.. "The follicle swells until it bursts open, ejecting the egg and fluid into the abdominal cavity.", https://www.thewomens.org.au/health-information/fertility-information/getting-pregnant/ovulation-and-conception
:Yes, Graham Beards used the wording "has not been confirmed", which conflicts with what is known about ] and ] and is not supported by the source. I then corrected the phrasing and added some information he excluded. He then made some more changes in name of WP:PARAPHRASE (and probably to also change "limited evidence", and regardless of the WP:LIMITED area on the same page). Good idea to ask WhatamIdoing how's everything so far. ] (]) 00:01, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::It what way was it a "correction"? You haven't read the source. ] (]) 08:48, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:::I already addressed that higher up. How many times must I say that "has not been confirmed" is not only not in the source, the source outright says that the data suggests that the menstrual cycle contributes to mood changes? And I had access to the source the whole time yesterday. Both versions. ] (]) 08:57, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
WAID, Graham is using the 9th edition and you have the 10th. I added pages= 258 to 61. When you look in, could you confirm that we have the right page nos, and that everything is verifiable from those pages (else add sfns as needed). ] (]) 00:21, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:I have compared the two editions and for our purpose they the same apart from the page numbers. In the 9th edition the text is on pages 250 to 253, whereas in the 10th edition the range is 258–61. ] (]) 08:23, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
For those interested in what our Misplaced Pages page says right now, with the phrasing of "little evidence", vs. what WhatamIdoing said vs. what the source says, this edition of it (and on page 259) says that {{tq|"In sum, the results of the research suggest that there are small fluctuations in mood corresponding to the phases of the menstrual cycle, at least in some women, but that factors such as stress, health, and social support are more important."}} It also discusses speculation that high levels of estrogen (at ovulation) might be associated with positive moods and that low levels of estrogen and progesterone premenstrually might be associated with negative moods, but that these speculations have a history of being criticized (pointing out, for example, that ]). It says that {{tq|"in other words, the data simply demonstrate a correlation between cycle phase or hormone levels and mood, but they cannot tell us that hormones actually cause or influence the mood."}} It says a bunch of other stuff too, including the idea that the reverse may be true (that psychological factors may affect hormone levels and menstrual cycle phase).


] (]) 21:42, 20 August 2024 (UTC)
Menstrual cycle mood changes are also associated with ] and ]. Yesterday, I read portions of this ref ("Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing EBook: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems"), all of this ref (Cognition and mood in perimenopause: A systematic review and meta-analysis), this ref (Menopausal Symptoms and Their Management), this ref (Management of the Perimenopause), and this ref (Menstrual cycle hormone changes associated with reproductive aging and how they may relate to symptoms). The last reference (a 2018 review) is more directly about the subject (menstrual cycle mood changes) and has one section dedicated to mood, and it would seem this is all academics know so far about mood in terms of the menstrual cycle and aging. These are the most recent references I've located about mood in terms of the menstrual cycle and aging, but I might have overlooked something. ] (]) 08:53, 22 March 2021 (UTC)


:The article says "limited evidence". It does not say "no evidence". Weber et al says "these results cannot necessarily be generalized beyond the studies included in this review." Delamater and Santoro, is a case study, which we do not usually accept as ] but I agree it has some value. Amanda Allshouse, et al, does not specifically address the psychological aspects, but give a more general account. ] (]) 09:26, 22 March 2021 (UTC) :Hi, this article says "After release from the ovary, the egg is swept into the fallopian tube by the fimbria – a fringe of tissue at the end of each fallopian tube." Where is the problem? ] (]) 06:47, 21 August 2024 (UTC)
:We could change that to
::Yes, I read and saw all of that and we agree that the Delamater and Santoro ref "has some value." What I appreciate about the references is that they all looked at what is out there now. I don't know if anything better is out there on this beyond the 2018 review. ] (]) 09:30, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:Called ovulation, this occurs when a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the peritoneal cavity, which is then swept into the fallopian tube by the motion of fimbiae ] (]) 09:25, 21 August 2024 (UTC)
::As for our Misplaced Pages page, it actually does say "little evidence" right now. "Limited evidence" is the phrasing I used. ] (]) 09:38, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::I don't think that is an improvement it is not the peritoneal cavity which is swept into the tube.] (]) 11:41, 21 August 2024 (UTC)
:::Please do not write dishonest edit summaries and delete my comments when I point this out . Yes, I agree we have have problem with the lack of sources and I have said this often. This is why why are focusing on the chapter from the 2021 book. It seems to me that you object to my use of the expression "little evidence" and that's pretty much it. ] (]) 09:40, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::::I said I disagree with you on the edit summary thing. You brought it to my talk page. I am allowed to read and delete it per ]. There was no need to bring it to this article talk page. The tension between the two of us is high enough as it is. Let it go.
::::My concern about how to report on the mood material is noted higher up on the page, with the time stamp of 20:08 yesterday.
::::You said that the 2018 review "does not specifically address the psychological aspects, but gives a more general account." The review talks about increased risk of depressive symptoms. It says, "Women in the highest symptom class (LC1) reported a high intensity of most symptoms, including physical and psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety, followed by women with moderate intensity of most symptoms (LC2)." ] (]) 09:55, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::And your suggestion to improve the wording is? ] (]) 09:59, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::This so far. Thank you. I don't know how we should include information about mood in terms of the menstrual cycle and aging. I know I don't think we should include a lot about it. We can wait and see what others have say about it. ] (]) 10:03, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::Is that it? You have wasted hours of my life over one word? ] (]) 10:07, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::Why are you so hostile toward me? Do you care to explain? Because I really want to know how I've wasted hours of your life by bringing up issues with phrasing and information you initially excluded, changing the phrasing (not just one word) and adding material myself, and commenting on concerns I have about how we report on this and what I think may be the best routes forward any more than anyone else on this page. Stop treating me differently. If others get to list references and give their thoughts on the refs and what they think may be the best route forward, waiting to hear from others, so do I. ] (]) 10:16, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::"Why are you so hostile toward me?" Because you are the perpetrator of one of the worst cases of disruption I have seen during my 14 years here. You start off by posting walls of text that have nothing to offer apart from lessons in verbosity. You pretend to have read sources that you haven't. You mistake an edit suggestion for a quotation from a source and argue about it until the cows come home. You post a deceitful edit summary and are dismissive when asked not to do so. You pretend other editors support you when they have not said they do. You act innocent and naive as in your "do you care to explain?" comment which is in complete contrast to your comments. The list goes on. I have collected the diffs, which I will save for use elsewhere if needed. As of this timestamp I will not respond to any of your comments.] (]) 10:46, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::I started off with a post that you thanked me for. My posts have been as long and about as long as others on this talk page. The proof of this in the archives and on this talk page. After some objection to text that had been worked out and because you didn't like how I replied, you started treating me like the enemy. Femkemilene told you not to bite me, but you continue to do so. You said, "Because you are the perpetrator of one of the worst cases of disruption I have seen during my 14 years here." Absolutely not. It's such an extreme thing for you to say, considering the vandals and other kinds of disruptive users on this website, that I think you haven't been around enough. The fact that I corrected your incorrect use of "has not been confirmed" is indicative that I read sources. I don't pretend to read sources. Seeing as the rest of what you said is more ridiculous conjecture and falls under ], I won't engage with it. If you really aren't going to respond to my comments any longer, that's a blessing to me. ] (]) 11:01, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::I share some of Graham's concerns over how this discussion has progressed. You have been pushing to overemphasize PMS and non-PMS perimenstrual symptoms beyond what the sources appear to support. ] (]) 19:14, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:::::::::::: Thanks, WAID. I thought I was following when you said " 'Little evidence' is the wrong approach. There is 'evidence against' mood swings being a general problem", but this conversation left me doubting if I, too, misunderstood. So, the progression has been:
::::::::::::# Graham added
::::::::::::# which became
::::::::::::# then and
::::::::::::# back to per long talk discussion.
:::::::::::: What is wrong with the original "not confirmed by research"? Or maybe, "not supported by research"? ] (]) 19:26, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::::::::::::"You have been pushing to overemphasize PMS and non-PMS perimenstrual symptoms beyond what the sources appear to support." What a stunningly odd reply. I think New Sheriff in Town (below me) has said all that needs to be said on that, and much more diplomatically than I would have said it. ] (]) 01:17, 23 March 2021 (UTC)
=== Impressions from a new editor ===
Hello. I, along with students (no, I'm not a student), have been watching this and other biology discussion pages to get a sense of how editors collaborate here, and I must say that we are very concerned by how one editor has treated others. The interactions with EMsmile, PlanetCare, LearnerB, and ApproximateLand have been very off-putting, to say the least. We noticed that LearnerB hasn't even returned. ApproximateLand came to this discussion page and offered sound advice. After what anyone would have gathered to be , daring to question a senior editor was evidently for him to be routinely talked down to and belittled by another senior editor, with the one he questioned ignoring him completely. It's almost as if something was said about him through email communication and he was then blacklisted by that editor. There's no evidence that ApproximateLand has been pushing to overemphasize PMS and non-PMS premenstrual symptoms beyond what the sources appear to support. Indeed, others and I saw his suggestions to be true to the sources and in line with WhatamIdoing's words. "Little evidence", "has not been confirmed", and "no evidence" would all be the wrong words to use for the mood information. This talk page (like much of women's biology) has become politicized, with concerns about making women's biology medical. Others are correct to say the menstrual cycle is a medical topic. It is also a biology topic, but one does not negate or overshadow the other. isn't a biology source and is being given primacy for reasons that are not air-tight. When it talks about both biology and psychology and says mood swings may be due to either, it makes little sense to give more weight to psychological causes. This is all that I dare to say on this talk page, for fear of being attacked. Thank you. ] (]) 22:48, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:Thanks, New Sheriff in Town. That's exactly it. ] (]) 01:17, 23 March 2021 (UTC)
: Welcome to Misplaced Pages, NSiT. Here are some ] ] ]'s of Misplaced Pages that you may find helpful. ] are for discussing improvements to articles based on ] (in this case, ] for a ]). If you want to explore your opinions of other editors, that speculation should be confined to editor talk pages. I know it can be a steep learning curve here, but we are fortunate that Graham (as one of the very few Wikipedians qualified to write this article) has been patiently trudging through this, regardless of the length above. ] (]) 01:49, 23 March 2021 (UTC)
::], ], ], and "If you want to explore your opinions of other editors, that speculation should be confined to editor talk pages." should be directed toward one editor in particular, and it's not New Sheriff in Town. Beyond this, you have persistently elevated that editor's opinions and feelings above others. His user page indicates that his expertise is with virus pages, not pages like this one. He's made more than one misstep. When others point it, we are punished for it. Good job on welcoming new users. ] (]) 01:56, 23 March 2021 (UTC)
::: Hi ], I have to agree with you a little bit, I also found the "tone" of some people here a bit aggressive at times. On the other hand, I can see that Sandy and Graham are working very hard on getting every little detail just perfect in this article, so I decided to let it be and step back a little bit and see where it all ends up. They definitely mean well and probably just sometimes feel impatient with people like me and ] (for example) who are non-experts and novice Wikipedians compared to them. A few times, SandyGeorgia has also apologies for being a bit "harsh", so that's good enough for me. - But thanks for making your point, I think it's good for all of us to be reminded to be as friendly and civilised with each other as possible! ] (]) 03:13, 23 March 2021 (UTC)


'''Replies'''
===More expert comments coming===
*First to call this minor issue "blatant misinformation" is nonsense.
*Second, other Misplaced Pages articles are not more reliable and no article can be used as a source.
*Third, I have stressed the release of the egg into the pelvic cavity, so the two salient sentences now say: "Called ], this occurs when a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the pelvic cavity and enters the ], about 10–12 hours after the peak in LH surge." and " After release from the ovary into the pelvic cavity, the egg is swept into the fallopian tube by the ] – a fringe of tissue at the end of each fallopian tube."


I thank ] for this suggestion but I also add that it is not in the spirit of Misplaced Pages's collegiate style to be come across as quite so aggressive. You could have simple suggested that we need to stress the bit about the peritoneal cavity.] (]) 12:10, 21 August 2024 (UTC)
Just a heads up that in the next few days, I'll be sending some comments on this article from a friend who is an endocrinology professor at UBC. ] (] <nowiki>&#124;</nowiki> ]) 22:28, 18 March 2021 (UTC)
: Thanks, {{u|Clayoquot}} for the heads up. <s>I finally got full access to the source mentioned above; I will hold off on proposed wording until we hear back from you.</s> ] (]) 22:48, 18 March 2021 (UTC)
:: Addressed already by Graham. ] (]) 23:57, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
: Update: I've asked her for clarifications on her comments. So still waiting. ] (] <nowiki>&#124;</nowiki> ]) 00:41, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:: Thanks, Clayoquot, no hurry! ] (]) 00:44, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::Clayoquot, thank you for this. ] (]) 09:19, 22 March 2021 (UTC)


:Why do we use the word "pelvic cavity?" That sounds incomplete because the pelvic "cavity" is not really a cavity and it's filled with organs in a living human and we could also say that the egg was already in the pelvic cavity to begin with, since the ovaries are located inside this cavity.
== ] ==
:İ think changing that to "peritoneal cavity" would be more desirable because firstly it's a real cavity filled with peritoneal fluid and secondly it's the place where some ectopic pregnancies occur. "Pelvic cavity" doesn't include for example, the abdominal part of the peritoneal cavity, where ectopic pregnancies are known to occur. ] (]) 02:10, 22 August 2024 (UTC)
::I used it because the source, {{cite book | vauthors= Tortora G| title=Tortora's Principles of Anatomy & Physiology | publisher=] | publication-place=]| year=2017 | isbn=978-1-119-38292-8 | oclc=990424568}}, does. I quote "Ovulation, is the rupture of the mature (graafian) follicle and the realise of the secondary oocyte into the pelvic cavity". (page 945). ] (]) 07:15, 22 August 2024 (UTC)
:::See also: McEvoy A, Tetrokalashvili M. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis: Female Pelvic Cavity. 2023 Jul 24. In: StatPearls . Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 30860705. Quote. "The pelvic cavity is a bowl-like structure that sits below the abdominal cavity... In females, the pelvis also houses the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries." ] (]) 13:23, 22 August 2024 (UTC)


{{Reflist-talk}}
I think this article should mention ]. That wiki article was created way back in 2009, and barely tweaked since. However, it is quite a significant problem, related to the menstrual cycle. According to "Catamenial epilepsy is exacerbated by hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle. Approximately 1.7 million women have epilepsy in the United States. CE affects more than 40% of women with epilepsy." There are plenty other reviews and such on PubMed, including . There's also Catamenial migraine aka ]. Googling has also uncovered ] (and ]), which are much rarer. -- ]°] 17:01, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:Thanks Colin and I agree with you. A link is certainly warranted. Perhaps we should wait until the endocrinology has been externally reviewed before adding a section to the article or should we add it now? It need not be very long and it might get more views on the parent article. ] (]) 18:51, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:: I prefer the idea of waiting for the endocrinologist before we add new material, lest we end up confusing someone who may not know how to pull up older versions. But defer to {{u|Clayoquot}}, who is in touch. ] (]) 18:55, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
::: Yes that could be an issue. ] (]) 18:59, 22 March 2021 (UTC)
:::I don't think she will have anything to say about epilepsy. Please go ahead and add it. Thanks for asking! ] (] <nowiki>&#124;</nowiki> ]) 19:15, 22 March 2021 (UTC)

Latest revision as of 13:24, 22 August 2024

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Summary of a cognitive changes

Changes to the brain have also been observed throughout the menstrual cycle but do not translate into measurable changes in intellectual achievement – including academic performance, problem-solving, memory, and creativity.

I don't think that this is a good summary of what says.

Firstly, the review doesn't mention creativity even once. The studies cited focus mostly on verbal and spatial reasoning, memory, etc. I would not call this academic performance.

Secondly, from the Conclusion section in the paper:

"Studies examining the menstrual cycle in healthy women have been unable to show consistent associations between cognition and menstrual cycle phase."

"Regarding premenstrual disorders such as PMS and PMDD, although methodologically-sound studies are limited, current evidence suggests that there may be cognitive deficits in some aspects of executive functioning in those who are most symptomatic (women with PMDD)."

I think the following is a better summary of :

"While studies have not consistently shown an association between cycle phases and performance in cognitive tasks related to memory or problem solving, current evidence suggests that women with PMDD might be affected in terms of executive functioning."

Note: I'm new to editing, feedback how to do things well appreciated! CyberMagpie (talk) 12:55, 8 May 2024 (UTC)

Hi, what do you mean by "executive functioning"? Graham Beards (talk) 13:06, 8 May 2024 (UTC)
This is how is it defined in :
"Aside from traditionally sex dimorphic tasks, menstrual cycle studies have also considered executive functioning tasks. Executive function is an umbrella term, referring to higher order cognitive processes, such as the capacity to monitor, organize, think flexibly, and plan." CyberMagpie (talk) 13:13, 8 May 2024 (UTC)
That's rather vague. Graham Beards (talk) 14:19, 8 May 2024 (UTC)
Plausibly! Do you have any suggestions how to proceed? Despite the summary being vague, I still think it better reflects what the paper actually says. Some possible next steps might be:
  1. Trying to summarize the article in a more concrete way.
  2. Removing the citation of the article.
  3. Expanding the literature review and including more sources.
CyberMagpie (talk) 09:31, 11 May 2024 (UTC)
We need to fix the expression "in terms of executive functioning" and delete "current". Then I think your suggestion could be adopted. I have already deleted the word "creativity". Graham Beards (talk) 09:41, 11 May 2024 (UTC)

Evolution of the Menstrual cycle

Firstly, in the line 4 (theory 3), it's written that "Decidualization leads to the development of the endothelium", which sounds incomplete. A better way to rephrase it would be "Decidualization leads to the differentiation of the endometrial stroma" since the immune and decidual cells that were mentioned in the cited source reside in the stromal layer of the endometrium.

it's also stated that "It(menstruation) evolved in some placental mammals because it confers advantages in that it allows females to prepare for pregnancy without needing a signal from the fetus". I don't see how not needing a signal from the fetus to prepare for pregnancy, in itself could be advantageous to the mother. The proposed function/advantage of decidualisation should be explained instead.

I propose:

A theory based on spontaneous decidualization (a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy, in which the endometrium changes into the decidua).Decidualisation leads to the development of endometrial stroma, which involves cells of the immune system, the formation of a new blood supply, hormones and tissue differentiation. In non-menstruating mammals, decidualization is driven by the embryo, not the mother. One theory suggests that Menstruation is a consequence of the decidualization process and that the body uses spontaneous decidualization to identify defective embryos early on. This process happens because the decidual cells of the stroma can recognize and respond to defects in a developing embryo by stopping the signals needed for the embryo to implant.

Ferid9 (talk) 04:30, 8 August 2024 (UTC)

The first sentence (which is poorly written) is not needed. The rest could be acceptable, but why are your writing menstruation with an uppercase em ? Also, "early on" is too vague, the citations go after the punctuation, and what signals? Graham Beards (talk) 07:32, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
In mice(which don't spontaneously decidualise) decidualisation would happen 1 day after implantation .In women, decidualization starts at around day 23 of the cycle .Assuming intercourse on day 13, one day for fertilization and 7 days for the blastocyst to form and implant , the blastocyst would be implanting on day 21 or 22 in the best case scenario.
So humans:implant on day 22, decidualize on day 23
Mice:Implant on day 4, decidualize on day 5
So this theory is actually starting to make no sense. Idea that SD evolved to detect "bad" embryos early on was suggested by this article. Maybe the source for the timing of decidualisation(23rd day) in humans is not reliable? Or maybe animals other than mice start decidualization later and invest in faulty embryons for longer before they abort.

Ferid9 (talk) 08:26, 8 August 2024 (UTC)

İ'm not here to debunk a theory, İ think changing the "signals" to "cytokines" and fixing typos would be sufficient.Also, if you mean the first sentence of the 4th line, i didn't write that Ferid9 (talk) 08:51, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
Ok, if you could edit it accordingly and format the citations correctly, we could add it. I suggest you present the text below, and we can then paste it into the article. Graham Beards (talk) 10:43, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
Current revision My proposal
  1. A theory based on spontaneous decidualization (a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy, in which the endometrium changes into the decidua). Decidualization leads to the development of the endothelium, which involves cells of the immune system, the formation of a new blood supply, hormones and tissue differentiation. In non-menstruating mammals, decidualization is driven by the embryo, not the mother. It evolved in some placental mammals because it confers advantages in that it allows females to prepare for pregnancy without needing a signal from the fetus. Hypothesis 3 defers to an explanation of the evolutionary origin of spontaneous decidualization and does not explain the evolution of menstruation alone.
 A theory based on spontaneous decidualization (a process that results in significant changes to cells of the endometrium in preparation for, and during, pregnancy). Decidualisation leads to the differentiation of the endometrial stroma, which involves cells of the immune system, the formation of a new blood supply, hormones and tissue differentiation. In non-menstruating mammals, decidualization is driven by the embryo, not the mother. According to this theory, menstruation is an unintended consequence of the decidualization process and the body uses spontaneous decidualization to identify and reject defective embryos early on. This process happens because the decidual cells of the stroma can recognize and respond to defects in a developing embryo by stopping the secretion of cytokines needed for the embryo to implant.
Ferid9 (talk) 12:50, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
That's much better. I have fixed the citation formatting errors in your version. I don't like "some authors". That's too vague. Perhaps say "It could be that menstruation is an unintended consequence of the decidualization process and that the body uses spontaneous decidualization to identify defective embryos early on." Graham Beards (talk) 13:07, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
İ rephrased that, İ think this version is good to go. Also thanks for helping me out with this revision. Ferid9 (talk) 14:01, 8 August 2024 (UTC)
I'll implement the change now. Graham Beards (talk) 14:28, 8 August 2024 (UTC)

Blatant misinformation "a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the fallopian tube"

Full sentence.. "Called ovulation, this occurs when a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the fallopian tube".

Proof from wikipedia that this is false..
"The opening is surrounded by fimbriae, which help in the collection of the oocyte after ovulation." from Fallopian tube
"The secondary oocyte leaves the ruptured follicle and moves out into the peritoneal cavity through the stigma, where it is caught by the fimbriae at the end of the fallopian tube" from Ovulation

Proof from an external source.. "The follicle swells until it bursts open, ejecting the egg and fluid into the abdominal cavity.", https://www.thewomens.org.au/health-information/fertility-information/getting-pregnant/ovulation-and-conception

Wallby (talk) 21:42, 20 August 2024 (UTC)

Hi, this article says "After release from the ovary, the egg is swept into the fallopian tube by the fimbria – a fringe of tissue at the end of each fallopian tube." Where is the problem? Graham Beards (talk) 06:47, 21 August 2024 (UTC)
We could change that to
Called ovulation, this occurs when a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the peritoneal cavity, which is then swept into the fallopian tube by the motion of fimbiae Ferid9 (talk) 09:25, 21 August 2024 (UTC)
I don't think that is an improvement it is not the peritoneal cavity which is swept into the tube.Graham Beards (talk) 11:41, 21 August 2024 (UTC)

Replies

  • First to call this minor issue "blatant misinformation" is nonsense.
  • Second, other Misplaced Pages articles are not more reliable and no article can be used as a source.
  • Third, I have stressed the release of the egg into the pelvic cavity, so the two salient sentences now say: "Called ovulation, this occurs when a mature egg is released from the ovarian follicles into the pelvic cavity and enters the fallopian tube, about 10–12 hours after the peak in LH surge." and " After release from the ovary into the pelvic cavity, the egg is swept into the fallopian tube by the fimbria – a fringe of tissue at the end of each fallopian tube."

I thank Wallby for this suggestion but I also add that it is not in the spirit of Misplaced Pages's collegiate style to be come across as quite so aggressive. You could have simple suggested that we need to stress the bit about the peritoneal cavity.Graham Beards (talk) 12:10, 21 August 2024 (UTC)

Why do we use the word "pelvic cavity?" That sounds incomplete because the pelvic "cavity" is not really a cavity and it's filled with organs in a living human and we could also say that the egg was already in the pelvic cavity to begin with, since the ovaries are located inside this cavity.
İ think changing that to "peritoneal cavity" would be more desirable because firstly it's a real cavity filled with peritoneal fluid and secondly it's the place where some ectopic pregnancies occur. "Pelvic cavity" doesn't include for example, the abdominal part of the peritoneal cavity, where ectopic pregnancies are known to occur. Ferid9 (talk) 02:10, 22 August 2024 (UTC)
I used it because the source, Tortora G (2017). Tortora's Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-1-119-38292-8. OCLC 990424568., does. I quote "Ovulation, is the rupture of the mature (graafian) follicle and the realise of the secondary oocyte into the pelvic cavity". (page 945). Graham Beards (talk) 07:15, 22 August 2024 (UTC)
See also: McEvoy A, Tetrokalashvili M. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis: Female Pelvic Cavity. 2023 Jul 24. In: StatPearls . Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 30860705. Quote. "The pelvic cavity is a bowl-like structure that sits below the abdominal cavity... In females, the pelvis also houses the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries." Graham Beards (talk) 13:23, 22 August 2024 (UTC)

References

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