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{{short description|Pejorative term for men perceived as non-masculine}} {{short description|Pejorative term for men perceived as non-masculine}}
{{italic title}} {{italic title}}
]
]-brand ], of the kind often mentioned in discussions of "soy boys".]]
'''''Soy boy''''' is a ] term often used in online communities to describe men lacking ] characteristics. The term bears many similarities and has been compared to the slang terms '']'' and '']'' ('low testosterone'), two other terms popularly used as an insult for male femininity by online communities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/soy-boy-insult-what-is-definition-far-right-men-masculinity-women-a8027816.html|title=Soy Boy: What is this new online insult used by the far right?|first=Rachel|last=Hosie|website=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=An Anatomy of the Soy Boy |url=https://newsocialist.org.uk/an-anatomy-of-the-soy-boy/ |website=New Socialist |language=en}}</ref> '''''Soy boy''''' is a ] term sometimes used in online communities to describe men perceived to be lacking ] characteristics. The term bears many similarities and has been compared to the slang terms '']'' (derived from ]), ''nu-male'' and '']'' ("low testosterone"){{snd}} terms sometimes used as insults for male ] in the ].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/soy-boy-insult-what-is-definition-far-right-men-masculinity-women-a8027816.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/soy-boy-insult-what-is-definition-far-right-men-masculinity-women-a8027816.html |archive-date=2022-05-24 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Soy Boy: What is this new online insult used by the far right? |first=Rachel |last=Hosie |website=The Independent|date=30 September 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Gleeson |first=Jules Joanne |title=An Anatomy of the Soy Boy |url=https://newsocialist.org.uk/an-anatomy-of-the-soy-boy/ |website=New Socialist |date=3 February 2018 |access-date=27 November 2020 |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Beck |first=Chris |title=The Rise of Nu-Males and Soy Boys |url=https://www.splicetoday.com/pop-culture/the-rise-of-nu-males-and-soy-boys |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Splice Today |date=18 January 2020 |language=en}}</ref>


The term is based on the presence of the ] ] in ], which has led some to claim that soy products ] men who consume them, although there is a lack of evidence supporting the correlation between consumption of soy ] and ] or ] levels<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Reed |first1=Katharine E. |last2=Camargo |first2=Juliana |last3=Hamilton-Reeves |first3=Jill |last4=Kurzer |first4=Mindy |last5=Messina |first5=Mark |date=2021-03-01 |title=Neither soy nor isoflavone intake affects male reproductive hormones: An expanded and updated meta-analysis of clinical studies |journal=Reproductive Toxicology |language=en |volume=100 |pages=60–67 |doi=10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.12.019 |pmid=33383165 |issn=0890-6238|doi-access=free |bibcode=2021RepTx.100...60R }}</ref> or sperm quality.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Messina |first1=Mark |date=May 1, 2010 |title=Soybean isoflavone exposure does not have feminizing effects on men: a critical examination of the clinical evidence |url=http://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(10)00368-7/fulltext |journal=Fertility and Sterility |volume=93 |issue=7 |pages=2095–2104 |doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.002 |pmid=20378106 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
The term is based on the presence of ] contained within ], which have led some to conclude that soy products ] men who consume them.


== History == == Biology ==
] contain a high amount of ].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Thompson|first1=Lilian U.|last2=Boucher|first2=Beatrice A.|last3=Liu|first3=Zhen|last4=Cotterchio|first4=Michelle|last5=Kreiger|first5=Nancy|date=June 17, 2006|title=Phytoestrogen content of foods consumed in Canada, including isoflavones, lignans, and coumestan|journal=Nutrition and Cancer|volume=54|issue=2|pages=184–201|doi=10.1207/s15327914nc5402_5|pmid=16898863|s2cid=60328}}</ref><ref name="Rietjens_2017">{{cite journal|vauthors=Rietjens IM, Louisse J, Beekmann K|date=June 2017|title=The potential health effects of dietary phytoestrogens|journal=British Journal of Pharmacology|volume=174|issue=11|pages=1263–1280|doi=10.1111/bph.13622|pmc=5429336|pmid=27723080}}</ref> As it is structurally very similar to ] (the major ]), concerns have been raised that it may act as an ] that adversely affects health.<ref name="Rietjens_2017" /> While there is some evidence that phytoestrogens may affect male fertility, "further investigation is needed before a firm conclusion can be drawn".<ref name="pmid199195792">{{cite journal|vauthors=Cederroth CR, Auger J, Zimmermann C, Eustache F, Nef S|year=2010|title=Soy, phyto-oestrogens and male reproductive function: a review|journal=International Journal of Andrology|volume=33|issue=2|pages=304–16|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01011.x|pmid=19919579|doi-access=free}}</ref> Several review studies have indeed not found any effect of phytoestrogens on sperm quality<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Messina|first=Mark|date=May 1, 2010|title=Soybean isoflavone exposure does not have feminizing effects on men: a critical examination of the clinical evidence|url=http://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(10)00368-7/fulltext|journal=Fertility and Sterility|volume=93|issue=7|pages=2095–2104|doi=10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.002|pmid=20378106}}</ref> or testosterone levels.<ref name="pmid199195792" /> ] contain high amounts of ].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Thompson |first1=Lilian U. |last2=Boucher |first2=Beatrice A. |last3=Liu |first3=Zhen |last4=Cotterchio |first4=Michelle |last5=Kreiger |first5=Nancy |date=June 17, 2006 |title=Phytoestrogen content of foods consumed in Canada, including isoflavones, lignans, and coumestan |journal=Nutrition and Cancer |volume=54 |issue=2 |pages=184–201 |doi=10.1207/s15327914nc5402_5 |pmid=16898863 |s2cid=60328}}</ref><ref name="Rietjens_2017">{{cite journal |author1=Rietjens I. M. C. M. |author2=Louisse J. |author3=Beekmann K. |date=June 2017 |title=The potential health effects of dietary phytoestrogens |journal=British Journal of Pharmacology |volume=174 |issue=11 |pages=1263–1280 |doi=10.1111/bph.13622 |pmc=5429336 |pmid=27723080}}</ref> As they are structurally similar to ] (the major ]) and have activity at the estrogen receptor.<ref name="pmid9751507">{{cite journal |author1=George G. J. M. Kuiper |author2=Josephine G. Lemmen |author3=Bo Carlsson |author4=J. Christopher Corton |author5=Stephen H. Safe |author6=Paul T. van der Saag |author7=Bart van der Burg |author8=Jan-Åke Gustafsson |date=1 October 1998 |title=Interaction of Estrogenic Chemicals and Phytoestrogens with Estrogen Receptor β |journal=Endocrinology |volume=139 |issue=10 |pages=4252–4263 |doi=10.1210/endo.139.10.6216 |pmid=9751507}}</ref> An article written in the 1970s claimed that soy could disrupt hormone balance which initially started the bad reputation,<ref name="c640">{{cite web | title=The Truth About Soy | website=Henry Ford Health | url=https://www.henryford.com/blog/2022/10/the-truth-about-soy | access-date=2024-10-21}}</ref> since then concerns have been raised that it may act as an ] that adversely affects health.<ref name="Rietjens_2017" /> The Harvard School of Health, however, notes that "there are many factors that make it difficult to construct blanket statements about the health effects of soy",<ref name="harvard">{{cite web |title=Straight Talk About Soy |url=https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/soy/ |website=The Nutrition Source |publisher=] |access-date=2024-03-07 |language=en-us |date=2018-08-06}}</ref> in the late 2010s and early 2020s a sizeable amount of research and scientific reviews further debunked claims.<ref name="c640"/>

The earliest archived use of the term ''soyboy'' as a pejorative on ] was submitted to a thread on the /TV/ (television & film) board on April 18, 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_au/article/bjazz3/a-brief-history-of-jerks-using-tofu-eating-as-an-insult|title=A Brief History of Jerks Using Tofu-Eating as an Insult|first=Jelisa|last=Castrodale|date=September 19, 2018}}</ref>


== Usage == == Usage ==
The term is often used as an epithet by ]s.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://metro.co.uk/2017/10/28/what-is-a-soy-boy-7034424/|title=Are you a soy boy?|date=October 28, 2017|website=Metro}}</ref> It is often targeted at perceived ], ],<ref name="Plant meat">{{cite news |last1=Cunningham |first1=Brent |title=Plant-based meat and the knock-down, drag-out fight for the American diet |url=https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/9/18/20849139/meat-beyond-impossible-burger-vegetarian-plant-based-green-new-deal-politics |accessdate=27 July 2020 |work=Vox |date=18 September 2019 |language=en}}</ref> and similar groups with males who display "feminine" traits and values.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2019/oct/25/why-do-people-hate-vegans|title=Why do people hate vegans?|first=George|last=Reynolds|date=October 25, 2019|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> The term has also been used in online debates about the fashion appeal of ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2019/4/18/18412582/cargo-shorts-mike-cernovich-jack-posobiec|title=The latest debate on right-wing Twitter: are cargo shorts for 'real men' or 'soy boys?'|first=Rebecca|last=Jennings|date=April 18, 2019|website=Vox}}</ref>


The term is often used as an epithet by ]s. It often targets perceived ],<ref name="Plant meat">{{cite news |last1=Cunningham |first1=Brent |title=Plant-based meat and the knock-down, drag-out fight for the American diet |url=https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/9/18/20849139/meat-beyond-impossible-burger-vegetarian-plant-based-green-new-deal-politics |access-date=27 July 2020 |work=Vox |date=18 September 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2019/oct/25/why-do-people-hate-vegans |title=Why do people hate vegans? |first=George |last=Reynolds |newspaper=The Guardian |date=October 25, 2019 |via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> ], and other groups. The term has also been used in online debates about the fashion appeal of ],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2019/4/18/18412582/cargo-shorts-mike-cernovich-jack-posobiec |title=The latest debate on right-wing Twitter: are cargo shorts for 'real men' or 'soy boys?' |first=Rebecca |last=Jennings |date=April 18, 2019 |website=Vox}}</ref> having a feminized and unathletic look, and an exaggerated smile called a "soy face" or "] grin",<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.elplural.com/politica/basado-charocracia-joseo-habla-team-facha_269959102 |title=Basado, charocracia, chad o pesetas y cunetas: así habla el Team Facha |last=Abascal |first=Luis |date=4 July 2021 |website=Elplural |access-date=22 Sep 2021 |language=Spanish |archive-date=19 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210919004449/https://www.elplural.com/politica/basado-charocracia-joseo-habla-team-facha_269959102 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://melmagazine.com/en-us/story/soy-face-soyboy-face-meme-tiktok |title='Soy Face' Is Real, and It's Annoying — It Just Needs a Better Name |last=Klee |first=Miles |date=2020 |website=Mel Magazine |access-date=22 Sep 2021 |archive-date=1 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001214525/https://melmagazine.com/en-us/story/soy-face-soyboy-face-meme-tiktok |url-status=live }}</ref> a reference to a ] (itself named as a reference to the 1973 dystopian film '']'').
== Public perception ==
Mic published an op-ed by writer Chris Caesar titled "How 'soy boy' became the alt-right's new favorite insult."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mic.com/articles/185572/soy-boy-explained-alt-right-masculinity-new-insult|title=How 'soy boy' became the alt-right's favorite new insult|first=Chris|last=Caesar|website=Mic}}</ref> Also on October 27 2017, ] published an article titled {{" '}}Soy boys' is the far-right's newest favorite insult."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailydot.com/unclick/soy-boy-alt-right-insult/|title='Soy boys' is the far-right's newest favorite insult|date=October 27, 2017|website=The Daily Dot}}</ref>

YouTuber ] created a video entitled "THE SOY BOY DIET" in 2017, in which he tried soy products for a period of time in order to attempt to debunk the claims made about soy, though his results were inconclusive.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.themarysue.com/twitch-stream-for-trans-rights/|title=57-Hr Long Donkey Kong Stream Raised 0,000 for Trans Kids|date=January 22, 2019}}</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5MS0TrsI7rE</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://watchnebula.com/videos/hbomberguy-the-soy-boy-diet|title=Nebula|website=watchnebula.com}}</ref>

After ] in September 2020, UFC fighter ] made disparaging reference to ]'s "soy boy diet"; Diaz is a ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fansided.com/2020/09/21/fact-checking-colby-covingtons-controversial-ufc-vegas-11-post-fight-statements/|title=Fact checking Colby Covington’s controversial UFC Vegas 11 post-fight statements|date=September 21, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://heavy.com/sports/2020/09/nate-diaz-take-his-life/|title=UFC’s Nate Diaz Challenged: ‘I’ll Take His Life’|first=Stephen|last=McCaugherty|date=September 21, 2020}}</ref>


==See also== ==See also==
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== References == == References ==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}



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Latest revision as of 09:08, 28 November 2024

Pejorative term for men perceived as non-masculine

Soy beans and soy milk

Soy boy is a pejorative term sometimes used in online communities to describe men perceived to be lacking masculine characteristics. The term bears many similarities and has been compared to the slang terms cuck (derived from cuckold), nu-male and low-T ("low testosterone") – terms sometimes used as insults for male femininity in the manosphere.

The term is based on the presence of the phytoestrogen isoflavone in soybeans, which has led some to claim that soy products feminize men who consume them, although there is a lack of evidence supporting the correlation between consumption of soy phytoestrogens and testosterone or estrogen levels or sperm quality.

Biology

Soy products contain high amounts of phytoestrogens. As they are structurally similar to estradiol (the major female sex hormone) and have activity at the estrogen receptor. An article written in the 1970s claimed that soy could disrupt hormone balance which initially started the bad reputation, since then concerns have been raised that it may act as an endocrine disruptor that adversely affects health. The Harvard School of Health, however, notes that "there are many factors that make it difficult to construct blanket statements about the health effects of soy", in the late 2010s and early 2020s a sizeable amount of research and scientific reviews further debunked claims.

Usage

The term is often used as an epithet by internet trolls. It often targets perceived vegans, social liberals, and other groups. The term has also been used in online debates about the fashion appeal of cargo shorts, having a feminized and unathletic look, and an exaggerated smile called a "soy face" or "Soylent grin", a reference to a meal replacement shake (itself named as a reference to the 1973 dystopian film Soylent Green).

See also

References

  1. Hosie, Rachel (30 September 2020). "Soy Boy: What is this new online insult used by the far right?". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2022-05-24.
  2. Gleeson, Jules Joanne (3 February 2018). "An Anatomy of the Soy Boy". New Socialist. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
  3. Beck, Chris (18 January 2020). "The Rise of Nu-Males and Soy Boys". Splice Today. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  4. Reed, Katharine E.; Camargo, Juliana; Hamilton-Reeves, Jill; Kurzer, Mindy; Messina, Mark (2021-03-01). "Neither soy nor isoflavone intake affects male reproductive hormones: An expanded and updated meta-analysis of clinical studies". Reproductive Toxicology. 100: 60–67. Bibcode:2021RepTx.100...60R. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.12.019. ISSN 0890-6238. PMID 33383165.
  5. Messina, Mark (May 1, 2010). "Soybean isoflavone exposure does not have feminizing effects on men: a critical examination of the clinical evidence". Fertility and Sterility. 93 (7): 2095–2104. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.002. PMID 20378106.
  6. Thompson, Lilian U.; Boucher, Beatrice A.; Liu, Zhen; Cotterchio, Michelle; Kreiger, Nancy (June 17, 2006). "Phytoestrogen content of foods consumed in Canada, including isoflavones, lignans, and coumestan". Nutrition and Cancer. 54 (2): 184–201. doi:10.1207/s15327914nc5402_5. PMID 16898863. S2CID 60328.
  7. ^ Rietjens I. M. C. M.; Louisse J.; Beekmann K. (June 2017). "The potential health effects of dietary phytoestrogens". British Journal of Pharmacology. 174 (11): 1263–1280. doi:10.1111/bph.13622. PMC 5429336. PMID 27723080.
  8. George G. J. M. Kuiper; Josephine G. Lemmen; Bo Carlsson; J. Christopher Corton; Stephen H. Safe; Paul T. van der Saag; Bart van der Burg; Jan-Åke Gustafsson (1 October 1998). "Interaction of Estrogenic Chemicals and Phytoestrogens with Estrogen Receptor β". Endocrinology. 139 (10): 4252–4263. doi:10.1210/endo.139.10.6216. PMID 9751507.
  9. ^ "The Truth About Soy". Henry Ford Health. Retrieved 2024-10-21.
  10. "Straight Talk About Soy". The Nutrition Source. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. 2018-08-06. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
  11. Cunningham, Brent (18 September 2019). "Plant-based meat and the knock-down, drag-out fight for the American diet". Vox. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  12. Reynolds, George (October 25, 2019). "Why do people hate vegans?". The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com.
  13. Jennings, Rebecca (April 18, 2019). "The latest debate on right-wing Twitter: are cargo shorts for 'real men' or 'soy boys?'". Vox.
  14. Abascal, Luis (4 July 2021). "Basado, charocracia, chad o pesetas y cunetas: así habla el Team Facha". Elplural (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 September 2021. Retrieved 22 Sep 2021.
  15. Klee, Miles (2020). "'Soy Face' Is Real, and It's Annoying — It Just Needs a Better Name". Mel Magazine. Archived from the original on 1 October 2021. Retrieved 22 Sep 2021.
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