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{{about|Srikalahasti town|the temple|Srikalahasteeswara temple}} | ||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} | |||
| <!-- See ] for details -->{{Infobox Indian urban area | | |||
| {{Infobox settlement | |||
| native_name = Srikalahasti | | |||
| | name = Srikalahasti | |||
| type = town | | |||
| | native_name = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. --> | |||
| latd = 13.76 | longd = 79.70 | | |||
| | native_name_lang = | |||
| state_name = Andhra Pradesh | | |||
| | settlement_type = Town | |||
| district = ] | | |||
| | image_skyline = Sri Kala Hasti.jpg | |||
| leader_title = | | |||
| | image_alt = | |||
| leader_name = | | |||
| | image_caption = Srikalahasti aerial view | |||
| altitude = | | |||
| | nickname = | |||
| population_as_of = 2001 | | |||
| | pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh | |||
| population_total = 70,876| | |||
| | pushpin_label_position = | |||
| population_density = | | |||
| | pushpin_map_alt = | |||
| area_magnitude= sq. km | | |||
| | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India | |||
| area_total = | | |||
| | coordinates = {{coord|13.76|N|79.70|E|display=inline,title}} | |||
| area_telephone = | | |||
| | subdivision_type = Country | |||
| postal_code = | | |||
| | subdivision_type1 = State | |||
| vehicle_code_range = | | |||
| | subdivision_type2 = District | |||
| sex_ratio = | | |||
| | subdivision_type3 = Region | |||
| unlocode = | | |||
| | subdivision_type4 = Revenue division | |||
| website = | | |||
| | subdivision_name = {{IND}} | |||
| footnotes = | | |||
| | subdivision_name1 = ] | |||
| | subdivision_name2 = ] | |||
| | subdivision_name3 = ] | |||
| | subdivision_name4 = ] | |||
| | established_title = <!-- Established --> | |||
| | established_date = | |||
| | founder = | |||
| | named_for = | |||
| | government_type = ] | |||
| | governing_body = Srikalahasti municipality | |||
| | unit_pref = Metric | |||
| | area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|title=Srikalahasthi Municipality |url=http://cdma.tn.gov.in/Srikalahasthi/Basic_information_Municipality.html|website=Commissioner & Director of Municipal Administration|publisher=Municipal Administration and Urban Development Department, Govt. of TamilNadu|access-date=19 August 2014}}</ref> | |||
| | area_total_km2 = 74.46 | |||
| | area_rank = | |||
| | elevation_footnotes = | |||
| | elevation_m = | |||
| | population_total = 100000 | |||
| | population_as_of = 2011 | |||
| | population_footnotes = <ref name=population>{{cite web|title=Census 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=640587|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|access-date=1 September 2014}}</ref> | |||
| | population_density_km2 = auto | |||
| | population_rank = | |||
| | population_demonym = | |||
| | demographics_type1 = | |||
| | demographics1_title1 = | |||
| | timezone1 = ] | |||
| | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | |||
| | postal_code_type = <!-- ] --> | |||
| | postal_code = 517644 | |||
| | registration_plate = | |||
| | website = {{URL|http://srikalahasthitemple.com/}} | |||
| | footnotes = | |||
| | demographics1_info1 = | |||
| | demographics_type2 = Languages | |||
| | demographics2_title1 = Official | |||
| | demographics2_info1 = ] | |||
| | leader_title1 = ] | |||
| | leader_name1 = Bojjala Sudhir Reddy | |||
| | official_name = | |||
| }} | }} | ||
| '''Srikalahasti''' is a town in ] located in the Indian state of ]. It is a ] and the revenue division of Srikalahasti mandal and ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Tirupati District Mandals |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/maps/atlas/28part32.pdf|publisher=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2015|pages=454, 510–11}}</ref><ref name=census>{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook – Chittoor |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2823_PART_B_DCHB_CHITTOOR.pdf|website=Census of India|access-date=20 January 2016|pages=22–23}}</ref> It is a part of the ], which is located on the banks of the ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tuda.gov.in/rTI_Chapter_1.aspx |title=Right to Information Act – 2005|access-date=1 September 2014|publisher=Tirupati Urban Development Authority}}</ref> | |||
| '''Srikalahasti''' is a town and a ] in ] in the ]n ] of ]. It is located on the banks of river Swarnamukhi, a tributary to river ]. | |||
| It is one of ancient ] piligrimages and the site of a famous ] temple with magnificiant gopuras, and adjacant to ], another famous temple town. It is also the house of popular textile painting art called kalamkari. | |||
| ==Legends== | |||
| The place name comes from three animals, Sri(spider), Kala(snake) and hasti(elephant) who worshipped ] and gained salvation here. There is a statue in the temple that shows all three animals. | |||
| The Skanda, Siva, and Linga Puranas mention about Kalahasti. The ] mentions that ] visited this place, worshipped Kalahastiswara Swami, and met the sage Bharadwaja on the top of the hill. It is believed that ], a tribal devotee has worshipped ] here. | |||
| ], the God of creation, is said to have worshipped Lord Shiva, and bathed in the swarnamukhi river to get rid of "sisuhathya patakam" (the sin of killing childern). | |||
| The river ''Swarnamukhi'' got its name from a belief that gold was found in its stream. ''Swarna'' means ''gold'' and ''Swarnamukhi'' means ''gold faced'' in ]. | |||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| ] | |||
| The historical reference to this temple occur in the works of Nakkeerar, a Tamil poet in 3rd Century BC during the Tamil Sangam Dynasty. He called it as Southern Kailash. Many more Tamil Saivite saints like Sambandar, Appar, Manikkavasagar, Sundaramurti, Pattinathar and Sri Ramalinga Swami of Vadalur have also visited this place.<ref = "Kalahasti temple">http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/andhrapradesh/kalahasti/page5.htm</ref> | |||
| Srikalahasti, derives its name from the combination of the ] words Sri (spider), Kala (snake) and Hasti (elephant), which once worshipped the ] here and attained ].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/The-tale-of-Kalahasti/article16240946.ece|title=Srikalahasti place history|date=2010-06-04|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-06-28}}</ref> | |||
| As per another legend, ] and ] had a dispute to find out who is superior. To prove their superiority, Adishesha encircled ], Vayu tried to disentangle him by creating a vortex. The vortex resulted in eight parts from Kailash fell into eight different places which are ], Srikalahasti, ], ], ], ], ], and Swethagiri ].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gneelivaneshwarartemple.tnhrce.in/History.html |title=Arulmigu Gneelivaneswarar Temple |access-date=6 July 2018 |archive-date=5 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705225129/http://www.gneelivaneshwarartemple.tnhrce.in/History.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> | |||
| The ] renovated the old temple constructed by ] earlier. Kulottunga Chola, famous king of early cholas constructed the Galigopuram, the main entrance facing south. In 12th Century A.D., King Veeranarasimha Yadavaraya built the present Prakaras, and the four Gopurams connecting the four entrances. According an inscription of ] of ] dating back to 1516 A.D., he constructed the Hundred Pillared Mantapam and the other tall Galigopuram that faces west to east. In 1529 A.D., King Achutaraya of the Vijayanagara empire got his coronation performed here, before he celebrated in his capital City. The Natukottai Chettiars of Devakottai gave the final shape to the temple in 1912 by donating around nine lakes of rupees. <ref = "Kalahasti temple">http://www.hindubooks.org/temples/andhrapradesh/kalahasti/page8.htm</ref> | |||
| ==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
| ] | |||
| Srikalahasti is located at {{coor dm|13|45|N|79|42|E}} on on the bank of river Swarnamukhi. It is located 80 miles north of ] and 30km north of ]. | |||
| Srikalahasti is located at {{Coord|13|45|N|79|42|E|name=Srikalahasti}} on the bank of river Swarnamukhi. It is located 38 km north of ] central. | |||
| == |
== Demographics == | ||
| The town depends on agriculture and tourism. The main crops are rice, sugar cane and ground nuts. Ground nut was grown extensively that a pathological condition of the crop is found exclusively here, and named as Kalahasti melady. Hundreds of ] artists also add some revenue. | |||
| {{As of|2011}} ], the town had a population of 80,056. The total population constitute, 38,995 males and 41,061 females – a sex ratio of 1053 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 940 per 1000.<ref name=population /><ref>{{cite web|title=Sex Ratio |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/indiaatglance.html|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|access-date=1 September 2014}}</ref> 8,224 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 4,227 are boys and 3,997 are girls – a ratio of 946 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 78.66% (male 85.15%; female 72.57%) with 56,501 literates, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%.<ref name=population /><ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate) |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/PCA_Highlights/pca_highlights_file/India/Chapter-3.pdf|publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India|access-date=3 September 2015}}</ref> | |||
| ==Government== | |||
| It is located in Chittoor district. It is part of Tirupati constituency in Indian Parliment. | |||
| == |
==Education== | ||
| The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government-aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state.<ref>{{cite web|title=School Education Department |url=http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf |publisher=School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh |access-date=7 November 2016|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151227185018/http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal {{!}} AP State Portal |url=http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/ |website=www.ap.gov.in |access-date=7 November 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107155331/http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/ |archive-date= 7 November 2016 }}</ref> The medium of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu. | |||
| ] India ]{{GR|India}}, Srikalahasti had a population of 70,876. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Srikalahasti has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 59%. In Srikalahasti, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age. | |||
| ] | |||
| ==Transport== | |||
| The nearest airport is ]. It is reachable by road from Tirupati, ] or ], the main junction in Madras-Vijayawada rail line. Some trains from Vijayawada to Tirupati halt at Kalahasti. The local transport is by taxis or autos. | |||
| Srikalahasti has educational institutions ranging from elementary schools to engineering and degree colleges. ] is an engineered by Sri Kalahasteeswara Trust board. | |||
| Andhra Pradesh State owned Bus services and other tour operators provide package visit to temple towns Tirupati and Srikalahasti. | |||
| == |
==Transport== | ||
| ] is located on the ] section of Guntakal (GTL) Division of the South Central Railway (SCR). Andhra Pradesh state-owned bus services APSRTC operates buses from ], ] and ]. | |||
| The city is also famous for ] art, painting on cotton or silk textiles with dyes made from vegetables. The Rahu-ketu sarpa dosha puja is frequently performed activity. | |||
| The Telugu poem collection 'Sri Kalahasteeswara Satakam' by ] explains the traditions associated with this temple during the times of ]. Muthuswamy Deekshitar, one of the foremost composers in the Karnatic Music Tradition has sung of this temple in his bhajans 'Sree Kaalahasteesa'. Other works on this temple include the Sree-Kalattipuranam of the three brothers Karunapprakasar, Sivapprakasar and Velappa Deekshitar, Tirukkalattipuranam by Aanandakoottar of Veerainagar and Tirukkalatti Ula by Seraikkavirayar. | |||
| ===Relegious attractions=== | |||
| * Srikalahastiswara temple of Siva and his consort Gnana Prasunamba. | |||
| * Viswanatha temple | |||
| * Kannappa Hill | |||
| * The Manikarnika temple. | |||
| * Two wells called Surya Pushkarani and Chandra Pushkarani | |||
| * The Suryanarayana temple. | |||
| * Baradhwaja ashramam and thirtham(Nandanavanam or 'lobavi') | |||
| * The Krishandevaraya Mantapa, the Jalakoti Mantapa and the Palagar Mantapa etc. are all situated closes | |||
| *Sri Sukabrahmaashramam. | |||
| *Veyilingala kona (the valley of the thousand lingas). | |||
| ==Sports== | |||
| ] is located 25 km from the town. | |||
| ==Media== | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| *] | |||
| *], nearby temple town. | |||
| *], another ] temple from the period of ]. | |||
| == |
==References== | ||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| * | |||
| {{Commons category|Srikalahasti}} | |||
| {{AndhraPradesh-geo-stub}} | |||
| {{Tirupati district}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 10:24, 26 September 2024
This article is about Srikalahasti town. For the temple, see Srikalahasteeswara temple.Town in Andhra Pradesh, India
| Srikalahasti | |
|---|---|
| Town | |
 Srikalahasti aerial view | |
.svg)  SrikalahastiLocation in Andhra Pradesh, India | |
| Coordinates: 13°46′N 79°42′E / 13.76°N 79.70°E / 13.76; 79.70 | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Andhra Pradesh |
| District | Tirupati |
| Region | Rayalaseema |
| Revenue division | Srikalahasti |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Body | Srikalahasti municipality |
| • MLAs | Bojjala Sudhir Reddy |
| Area | |
| • Total | 74.46 km (28.75 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 100,000 |
| • Density | 1,300/km (3,500/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Telugu |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| Website | srikalahasthitemple |
Srikalahasti is a town in Tirupati district located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipality and the revenue division of Srikalahasti mandal and Srikalahasti revenue division. It is a part of the Tirupati Urban Development Authority, which is located on the banks of the River Swarnamukhi.
History
Srikalahasti, derives its name from the combination of the Sanskrit words Sri (spider), Kala (snake) and Hasti (elephant), which once worshipped the Shiva lingam here and attained moksha.
As per another legend, Vayu and Adishesha had a dispute to find out who is superior. To prove their superiority, Adishesha encircled Mount Kailash, Vayu tried to disentangle him by creating a vortex. The vortex resulted in eight parts from Kailash fell into eight different places which are Trincomalee, Srikalahasti, Tiruchirappalli, Thiruenkoimalai, Rajathagiri, Neerthagiri, Ratnagiri, and Swethagiri Thirupangeeli.
Geography
Srikalahasti is located at 13°45′N 79°42′E / 13.750°N 79.700°E / 13.750; 79.700 (Srikalahasti) on the bank of river Swarnamukhi. It is located 38 km north of Tirupati central.
Demographics
As of 2011 Census of India, the town had a population of 80,056. The total population constitute, 38,995 males and 41,061 females – a sex ratio of 1053 females per 1000 males, higher than the national average of 940 per 1000. 8,224 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 4,227 are boys and 3,997 are girls – a ratio of 946 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 78.66% (male 85.15%; female 72.57%) with 56,501 literates, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%.
Education
The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government-aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state. The medium of instruction followed by different schools are English and Telugu.
Srikalahasti has educational institutions ranging from elementary schools to engineering and degree colleges. Sri Kalahastheeswara Institute of Technology is an engineered by Sri Kalahasteeswara Trust board.
Transport
Srikalahasti railway station is located on the Gudur–Katpadi branch line section of Guntakal (GTL) Division of the South Central Railway (SCR). Andhra Pradesh state-owned bus services APSRTC operates buses from Tirupati, Chittoor and Nellore.
Tirupati Airport is located 25 km from the town.
See also
References
- "Srikalahasthi Municipality". Commissioner & Director of Municipal Administration. Municipal Administration and Urban Development Department, Govt. of TamilNadu. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
- ^ "Census 2011". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
- "Tirupati District Mandals" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 454, 510–11. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
- "District Census Handbook – Chittoor" (PDF). Census of India. pp. 22–23. Retrieved 20 January 2016.
- "Right to Information Act – 2005". Tirupati Urban Development Authority. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
- "Srikalahasti place history". The Hindu. 4 June 2010. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
- "Arulmigu Gneelivaneswarar Temple". Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
- "Sex Ratio". The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
- "Chapter–3 (Literates and Literacy rate)" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
- "School Education Department" (PDF). School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
- "The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal | AP State Portal". www.ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.