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{{Short description|Indian scholar, activist and writer (born 1952)}}

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'''Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd''' (born 5 October 1952) is an Indian ], prolific writer and a ] rights activist. He writes in both English and ] languages. His main domain of study and activism is the annihilation of caste. '''Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd''' (born 5 October 1952) is an Indian ], writer and a ] rights activist. He writes in both English and ] languages. His main domain of study and activism is the annihilation of caste.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/taking-aim-at-the-messenger/article19797679.ece|title=Taking aim at the messenger: on the attack on Kancha Ilaiah|first=Kalpana|last=Kannabiran|newspaper=The Hindu |date=5 October 2017|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

He is known for his several controversial views and theories,<ref name=rediff/><ref name=am2/><ref name="hindustantimes1"/><ref name=am3/> some of which could inflame sectarian discontent or prejudice.<ref name=rediff/> such as ] is anti-national.<ref name=am3/> His critics have called him a traitor because his writings were "intended to divide society."<ref name=am4/><ref name=rediff/>


==Early life== ==Early life==
{{Criticism of religion sidebar}} {{Criticism of religion sidebar}}
Kancha Ilaiah was born in the village of Papaiahpet, ] of ] Mandal in ], ] State.<ref name="rediff">{{cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2000/may/24ap.htm |work=Rediff |title=The attempt to censor my writings is part of a larger game plan |date=24 May 2000 |access-date=16 December 2014}}</ref> His family belonged to the sheep-grazing ] caste, a community designated by the Government of India as an ].<ref name="Kancha Ilaiah" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-a-caste-reference-in-his-2009-book-has-come-back-to-haunt-kancha-ilaiah/story-q7EbiFUWXbW902JDn5u1MI.html|title=How a caste reference in his 2009 book has come back to haunt Kancha Ilaiah}}</ref> Ilaiah's father Kancha Komuraiah was always away from home while grazing sheep.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-16|title=How anti-caste activist Kancha Ilaiah’s mother was an inspiration for his rebellion|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/how-anti-caste-activist-kancha-ilaiah-s-mother-was-inspiration-his-rebellion-133170|access-date=2021-03-10|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref> The dominant figure in the family was his mother. Ilaiah credited his mother, Kancha Kattamma, as pivotal in shaping his political thought.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/how-cow-protection-laws-brutalise-our-culture/articleshow/53691544.cms|title=How cow protection laws brutalise our culture}}</ref> According to Ilaiah, she was at the forefront of the Kurumas' struggle against the ] discriminatory behaviour. Kancha Kattamma was killed during a violent confrontation while protesting against police brutality.<ref name="Kancha Ilaiah">{{cite web |url=http://www.ambedkar.org/reformers/KanchaIlaiah.htm |title=Kancha Ilaiah |publisher=Ambedkar.org |date=16 November 2000 |access-date=2013-12-04}}</ref> Kancha Ilaiah was born in the village of Papaiahpet of ] mandal, ] in present-day ].<ref name="rediff">{{cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2000/may/24ap.htm |work=Rediff |title=The attempt to censor my writings is part of a larger game plan |date=24 May 2000 |access-date=16 December 2014}}</ref> He belongs to the ] caste,<ref>{{Citation |title=Kancha Ilaiah {{!}}{{!}} Talking About One Of His Book {{!}}{{!}} నేను హిందువుని ఎలా అవుతా |date=1 March 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RdYRqTjbntw&t=145s |access-date=2023-05-08 |publisher=RTV Telugu |language=en}}; Event occurs from 2:25 to 2:32</ref><ref name=":0" /> a community of ]s designated as an ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-a-caste-reference-in-his-2009-book-has-come-back-to-haunt-kancha-ilaiah/story-q7EbiFUWXbW902JDn5u1MI.html|title=How a caste reference in his 2009 book has come back to haunt Kancha Ilaiah|date=16 October 2017|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref> Ilaiah's father Kancha Komuraiah was always away from home while grazing sheep.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-09-16|title=How anti-caste activist Kancha Ilaiah's mother was an inspiration for his rebellion|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/how-anti-caste-activist-kancha-ilaiah-s-mother-was-inspiration-his-rebellion-133170|access-date=2021-03-10|website=The News Minute|language=en}}</ref> The dominant figure in the family was his mother. Ilaiah credited his mother, Kancha Kattamma, as pivotal in shaping his political thought.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/how-cow-protection-laws-brutalise-our-culture/articleshow/53691544.cms|title=How cow protection laws brutalise our culture|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=14 August 2016 }}</ref>


Ilaaih suffixed 'Shepherd' to his name symbolically, as he comes from a shepherding family.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shepherd|first=Kancha Ilaiah|title=The violence of caste: Why I have changed my name to Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd|url=http://scroll.in/article/808890/kancha-ilaiah-explains-why-he-decided-to-add-shepherd-to-his-name|access-date=2021-05-13|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US}}</ref> Ilaaih suffixed 'Shepherd' to his name symbolically, as he comes from a shepherding family.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shepherd|first=Kancha Ilaiah|title=The violence of caste: Why I have changed my name to Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd|url=http://scroll.in/article/808890/kancha-ilaiah-explains-why-he-decided-to-add-shepherd-to-his-name|access-date=2021-05-13|website=Scroll.in|date=27 May 2016 |language=en-US}}</ref>


==Professional life== ==Professional life==
⚫ Ilaiah received an M.A. degree in ] and an M.Phil., awarded for his study of ] in undivided ].<ref name=rediff/> He has been a recipient of the ] Award and was a ] between 1994 and 1997.<ref name=rediff/>


⚫ Ilaiah earned a ] on the basis of his work exploring the political dimension of ], culminating in ''God as Political Philosopher - Buddha's Challenge to Brahminism''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/%E2%80%9CModi-should-ask-sadhus-to-clean-the-streets%E2%80%9D/article14481502.ece|title="Modi should ask sadhus to clean the streets"|author=<!--Not stated--> |newspaper=The Hindu |date=10 July 2016|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref> He later elaborated several of its key themes in his best-known book. ''Why I Am Not a Hindu: A Sudra critique of Hindutva philosophy, culture and political economy'' (1996). A chapter of the book, ''Hindu Death and Our Death'' has been reprinted in the book ''The Hunger of the Republic: Our Present in Retrospect'', part of the ] series published by ].
⚫ Ilaiah received an M.A. degree in ] and an M.Phil., awarded for his study of ] in undivided ].<ref name=rediff/> He has been a recipient of the ] Award and was a ] between 1994-97.<ref name=rediff/>


⚫ Ilaiah has encouraged proficiency in the English language for Dalits, arguing that it would allow Dalits in India to intellectually engage the world outside India without non-Dalits speaking "for them".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Introduce English in all schools, says Kancha Ilaiah|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2016/aug/08/introduce-english-in-all-schools-says-kancha-ilaiah-1506820.html|access-date=2020-10-31|website=The New Indian Express|date=8 August 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|first=Swati|last=Mathur|date=2013-02-15|title=Kancha Ilaiah: Even if 10% dalit children got English education, India would change |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/interviews/kancha-ilaiah-even-if-10-dalit-children-got-english-education-india-would-change/articleshow/18503625.cms|access-date=2022-02-09|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/808852/in-defense-of-english-blame-the-education-system-not-the-language|title=In defence of English: Blame the Indian education system, not the language|first=Akshat|last=Jain|website=Scroll.in|date=5 June 2016 }}</ref> In May 2016, in protest against "Brahmanic hegemony" he says continues to persist in India, Ilaiah appended "Shepherd" to his name. Ilaiah identified in this choice recognition and reaffirmation of his family origins. As an English-language proper noun rather than its equivalent in an Indian language, "Shepherd" is meant to demonstrate a symbolic break with the cultural norms Ilaiah believed Brahmins sought to "impose" on Indian society. Ilaiah characterises his name change as a tool to break these norms and to value the work of what he terms "productive classes:" including Scheduled Castes and OBCs.<ref name="hindustantimes1">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/we-need-a-new-god-says-dalit-thinker-kancha-ilaiah/story-ooWKO6iUKLAXv7qFqEW4ML.html |title=Good Shepherd: Dalit thinker Kancha Ilaiah on name, caste |work=Hindustan Times |date=2016-05-27 |access-date=2016-07-18}}</ref>
⚫ Ilaiah earned a ] on the basis of his work exploring the political dimension of ], culminating in ''God as Political Philosopher - Buddha's Challenge to Brahminism''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/modi-should-ask-sadhus-to-clean-the-streets/article8830075.ece|title=Modi should ask sadhus to clean the streets}}</ref>


⚫ Kancha Ilaiah is an ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailyo.in/voices/kancha-ilaiah-dalit-gauri-lankesh-br-ambedkar/story/1/19836.html|title=Threats to Kancha Ilaiah show India has learnt nothing from Gauri Lankesh's death|website=www.dailyo.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/the-ethereal-realist/280966|title=The Ethereal Realist &#124; Outlook India Magazine|website=www.outlookindia.com/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/21/gandhi-was-not-a-caste-abolitionist-kancha-ilaiah-shepherd.html|title=Gandhi was not a caste abolitionist: Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd|website=The Week}}</ref> As an anti-caste activist,<ref name="rediff" /> Ilaiah is often misidentified by the media as being a Dalit himself.<ref>{{cite news|title=India's President Ram Nath Kovind takes oath|work=www.aljazeera.com|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/07/india-president-ram-nath-kovind-takes-oath-170725074458219.html}}</ref> Ilaiah identifies himself as a ] intellectual.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mondal |first1=Sudipto |title=Good Shepherd: Dalit thinker Kancha Ilaiah on name, caste |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/we-need-a-new-god-says-dalit-thinker-kancha-ilaiah/story-ooWKO6iUKLAXv7qFqEW4ML.html |access-date=21 January 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=27 May 2016 |language=en}}</ref>
⚫ Ilaiah has encouraged proficiency in the English language for Dalits, arguing that it would allow Dalits in India to intellectually engage the world outside India without non-Dalits speaking "for them".<ref>{{Cite web|title=Introduce English in all schools, says Kancha Ilaiah|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2016/aug/08/Introduce-English-in-all-schools-says-Kancha-Ilaiah-1506820.html|access-date=2020-10-31|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/interviews/Kancha-Ilaiah-Even-if-10-dalit-children-got-English-education-India-would-change/articleshow/18503625.cms</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://scroll.in/article/808852/in-defense-of-english-blame-the-education-system-not-the-language|title=In defence of English: Blame the Indian education system, not the language}}</ref> In May 2016, in protest against "Brahmanic hegemony" he says continues to persist in India, Ilaiah appended "Shepherd" to his name. Ilaiah identified in this choice recognition and reaffirmation of his family origins. As an English-language proper noun rather than its equivalent in an Indian language, "Shepherd" is meant to demonstrate a symbolic break with the cultural norms Ilaiah believed Brahmins sought to "impose" on Indian society. Ilaiah characterises his name change as a tool to break these norms and to value the work of what he terms "productive classes:" including Scheduled Castes and OBCs.<ref name="hindustantimes1">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/we-need-a-new-god-says-dalit-thinker-kancha-ilaiah/story-ooWKO6iUKLAXv7qFqEW4ML.html |title=Good Shepherd: Dalit thinker Kancha Ilaiah on name, caste |work=Hindustan Times |date=2016-05-27 |access-date=2016-07-18}}</ref>
]

⚫ In November 2015, Ilaiah stated that if ], the first Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of India credited with accession of a princely states into India amidst the intense violence and bloodletting that followed the creation of Pakistan, had been Prime Minister of India, India "would have become Pakistan".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/if-sardar-patel-was-pm-india-would-ve-become-pakistan-kancha-ilaiah/story-l3SqCY5Dqta6uu0TeLIYHJ.html |title=If Sardar Patel was PM, India would've become Pakistan: Kancha Ilaiah |work=Hindustan Times |date=2015-11-30 |access-date=2016-07-18}}</ref>
⚫ Kancha Ilaiah is an Ambedkarite.<ref name=am1>https://www.dailyo.in/voices/kancha-ilaiah-dalit-gauri-lankesh-br-ambedkar/story/1/19836.html</ref><ref>https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/the-ethereal-realist/280966</ref><ref>https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/2019/06/21/gandhi-was-not-a-caste-abolitionist-kancha-ilaiah-shepherd.html</ref> As an anti-caste activist,<ref name="rediff" /> Ilaiah is often misidentified by the media as being a Dalit himself.<ref>{{cite news|title=India's President Ram Nath Kovind takes oath|work=www.aljazeera.com|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/07/india-president-ram-nath-kovind-takes-oath-170725074458219.html}}</ref> Ilaiah identifies himself as a ] intellectual.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mondal |first1=Sudipto |title=Good Shepherd: Dalit thinker Kancha Ilaiah on name, caste |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/we-need-a-new-god-says-dalit-thinker-kancha-ilaiah/story-ooWKO6iUKLAXv7qFqEW4ML.html |access-date=21 January 2020 |work=Hindustan Times |date=27 May 2016 |language=en}}</ref>

Currently, Ilaiah is serving as retired director of the Centre for Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy at ] (MANUU) in ].


==Criticism== ==Criticism==
While working as an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at ], several of Ilaiah's colleagues as well as academics affiliated with the university expressed, in an open-letter, their concern with respect to certain articles and opinions Ilaiah had contributed to a local newspaper and advised him against writing material that could inflame sectarian discontent or prejudice.<ref name=rediff/> While working as an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at ], several of Ilaiah's colleagues as well as academics affiliated with the university expressed, in an open-letter, their concern with respect to certain articles and opinions that Ilaiah had contributed to a local newspaper and advised him against writing material that could inflame sectarian discontent or prejudice.<ref name=rediff/>

In February 2013, at the ], Ilaiah and ] engaged in a heated discussion over the implications of religion in Indian social life.<ref>http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/jaipur-literature-festival-ends-but-controversy-lingers/article4354622.ece</ref>


⚫ In April 2016, Ilaiah gave a controversial remark that vegetarianism is ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/vegetarians-are-anti-national-kancha-ilaiahs-hyperbole-illustrating-ambedkars-food-democracy-2728650.html|title=Vegetarianism is anti-nationalism: Kancha Ilaiah on Ambedkar's food democracy|date=14 April 2016|website=Firstpost}}</ref> On 18 September 2017, ], a member of ] representing the ] and a prominent leader of the ] said at a press conference that Ilaiah was a traitor and should be hanged because his writings were "intended to divide society."<ref>{{cite web|title=TD MP TG Venkatesh says 'Hang ilaiah' for his book|date=18 September 2017 |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/180917/td-mp-tg-venkatesh-says-hang-ilaiah-for-his-book.html|publisher=The Deccan Chronicle|access-date=2018-01-04}}</ref> Ilaiah alleged that the members of Arya Vysya community had tried to kill him and lodged a police complaint when Arya Vysya community members attacked his car in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2017/sep/24/after-vehicle-pelted-with-stones-kancha-ilaiah-files-plaint-says-death-threats-against-him-1661914.html|title=After vehicle pelted with stones, Kancha Ilaiah files plaint, says death threats against him|website=The New Indian Express|date=24 September 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/latest/851750/writer-kancha-ilaiah-says-his-car-was-attacked-with-stones-in-telangana|title=Writer Kancha Ilaiah says his car was attacked with stones in Telangana|author=Scroll Staff|website=Scroll.in|date=24 September 2017 }}</ref>
⚫ Ilaiah has also been criticised by right wing ] activists for accepting the ].<ref name="hindustantimes1"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2005/oct/18franc.htm|title=Who are real Dalits of India}}</ref> In November 2015, Ilaiah stated that if ], the first Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of India credited with forging national unity amidst the intense violence and bloodletting that followed the creation of Pakistan, had been Prime Minister of India, India "would have become Pakistan".<ref name=am2>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/if-sardar-patel-was-pm-india-would-ve-become-pakistan-kancha-ilaiah/story-l3SqCY5Dqta6uu0TeLIYHJ.html |title=If Sardar Patel was PM, India would’ve become Pakistan: Kancha Ilaiah |work=Hindustan Times |date=2015-11-30 |access-date=2016-07-18}}</ref>


In September 2017, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister ] banned Ilaiah's book on Vyshas for hurting the sentiments of the community after Vysyas community members protested and demanded a ban on the book.<ref name="Deccan Chronicle 2017">{{cite web | title=Pawan Kalyan's tweet, comments by MPs make CM see red | website=Deccan Chronicle | date=2017-10-07 | url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/071017/pawan-kalyans-tweet-comments-by-mps-make-cm-see-red.html | access-date=2022-04-12}}</ref><ref name="Sharda 2017">{{cite web | last=Sharda | first=Ratan | title=TDP chief Chandrababu Naidu slams Kancha Ilaiah for provocative writing | website=NewsBharati | date=2017-09-27 | url=https://www.newsbharati.com/Encyc/2017/9/27/Kancha-Ilaiah-.html | access-date=2022-04-12}}</ref>
⚫ In April 2016, Ilaiah gave a controversial remark that vegetarianism is ].<ref name=am3>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/vegetarians-are-anti-national-kancha-ilaiahs-hyperbole-illustrating-ambedkars-food-democracy-2728650.html|title=Vegetarianism is anti-nationalism: Kancha Ilaiah on Ambedkar's food democracy}}</ref> On 18 September 2017, ], a member of ] representing the ] and a prominent leader of the ] said at a press conference that Ilaiah was a traitor and should be hanged because his writings were "intended to divide society."<ref name=am4>{{cite web|title=TD MP TG Venkatesh says ‘Hang ilaiah’ for his book|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/politics/180917/td-mp-tg-venkatesh-says-hang-ilaiah-for-his-book.html|publisher=The Deccan Chronicle|access-date=2018-01-04}}</ref>


==Appointments== ==Appointments==
Among Ilaiah's official appointments have been:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osmania.ac.in/Naac%20Dept%20Evoluation/Social%20Sciences.pdf|title=3rd Cycle of Accreditation – NAAC, Self – Study Report, 2013|page=48|date=2013|publisher=Osmania University|access-date=7 August 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314190854/http://www.osmania.ac.in/Naac%20Dept%20Evoluation/Social%20Sciences.pdf|archive-date=14 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Among Ilaiah's official appointments have been:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.osmania.ac.in/Naac%20Dept%20Evoluation/Social%20Sciences.pdf|title=3rd Cycle of Accreditation – NAAC, Self – Study Report, 2013|page=48|date=2013|publisher=Osmania University|access-date=7 August 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314190854/http://www.osmania.ac.in/Naac%20Dept%20Evoluation/Social%20Sciences.pdf|archive-date=14 March 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
*Retired Director, Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy (CSSEIP) at Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad *Retired Director, Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy (CSSEIP) at Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad
*Former Head of Department, Political Science, ], Hyderabad<ref name="rediff" /> *Former Head of department, Political Science, ], Hyderabad<ref name="rediff" />
*Member of National Research Committee constituted by the Ministry of Social Justice, New Delhi *Member of National Research Committee constituted by the Ministry of Social Justice, New Delhi
*Member – ] (ICSSR), New Delhi *Member – ] (ICSSR), New Delhi
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English language publications: English language publications:
*Ilaiah, K. ''Why I Am Not a Hindu: A Sudra critique of Hindutva philosophy, culture and political economy'' (Calcutta: Samya, 1996) {{ISBN|8185604185}} *Ilaiah, K. ''Why I Am Not a Hindu: A Sudra critique of Hindutva philosophy, culture and political economy'' (Calcutta: Samya, 1996) {{ISBN|8185604185}}
*Ilaiah, K. '''' (Calcutta: Samya, 2001) {{ISBN|8185604444}} *Ilaiah, K. '''' (Calcutta: Samya, 2001) {{ISBN|8185604444}}
*Ilaiah, K. '''' (Calcutta: Samya, 2004) {{ISBN|818560469X}} *Ilaiah, K. '''' (Calcutta: Samya, 2004) {{ISBN|818560469X}}
*Ilaiah, K., & Vyam, D. (2007). ''Turning the Pot, Tilling the Land: Dignity of Labour in Our Times''. Pondicherry: Navayana Pub. {{ISBN|9788189059095}} {{OCLC|184927533}} *Ilaiah, K., & Vyam, D. (2007). ''Turning the Pot, Tilling the Land: Dignity of Labour in Our Times''. Pondicherry: Navayana Pub. {{ISBN|9788189059095}} {{OCLC|184927533}}
*Ilaiah, K. '''' (SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd, 2009) {{ISBN|9788132104339}} *Ilaiah, K. '''' (SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd, 2009) {{ISBN|9788132104339}}
*Ilaiah, K. '' Untouchable God: A Novel on Caste and Race ''(Kolkata: Samya, 2011) {{ISBN|9788185604336}} {{OCLC|828612357}} *Ilaiah, K. '' Untouchable God: A Novel on Caste and Race ''(Kolkata: Samya, 2011) {{ISBN|9788185604336}} {{OCLC|828612357}}
*Ilaiah, K (1989-01-01). ''The State and Repressive Culture: The Andhra Experience''. Hyderabad: Swecha Prachuranalu. {{OCLC|21518320}} *Ilaiah, K (1989-01-01). ''The State and Repressive Culture: The Andhra Experience''. Hyderabad: Swecha Prachuranalu. {{OCLC|21518320}}
*Bonner, A., Ilaiah, K., Saha, S. K., Engineer, A. A., & Heuze, G. (1994). ''Democracy in India: A Hollow Shell''. Washington D.C: The American University Press. {{ISBN|1879383268}} {{OCLC|470188534}} *Bonner, A., Ilaiah, K., Saha, S. K., Engineer, A. A., & Heuze, G. (1994). ''Democracy in India: A Hollow Shell''. Washington D.C: The American University Press. {{ISBN|1879383268}} {{OCLC|470188534}}
*Ilaiah, K; ]; Centre for Contemporary Studies (1995-01-01). ''Caste or Class or Caste-class: A study in Dalitabhujan Consciousness and Struggles in Andhra Pradesh in 1980s'']. New Delhi: Centre for Contemporary Studies, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library {{OCLC|436463940}} *Ilaiah, K; ]; Centre for Contemporary Studies (1995-01-01). ''Caste or Class or Caste-class: A study in Dalitabhujan Consciousness and Struggles in Andhra Pradesh in 1980s''. New Delhi: Centre for Contemporary Studies, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library {{OCLC|436463940}}
*Ilaiah, K., & Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. (1996). ''In Search of the Roots of Anti-Caste Struggle: A Dalitist Reading of the Buddhist Discourse''. New Delhi: Centre for Contemporary Studies, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. {{OCLC|863611670}} *Ilaiah, K., & Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. (1996). ''In Search of the Roots of Anti-Caste Struggle: A Dalitist Reading of the Buddhist Discourse''. New Delhi: Centre for Contemporary Studies, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. {{OCLC|863611670}}
*Ilaiah, K., & Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. (1997). ''Productive Labour, Consciousness and History: The Dalitabahujan Alternative''. New Delhi: Centre for Contemporary Studies, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. {{OCLC|793342817}} *Ilaiah, K., & Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. (1997). ''Productive Labour, Consciousness and History: The Dalitabahujan Alternative''. New Delhi: Centre for Contemporary Studies, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library. {{OCLC|793342817}}
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Latest revision as of 18:53, 21 December 2024

Indian scholar, activist and writer (born 1952)

Kancha Ilaiah
Kancha Ilaiah at Kerala Literature Festival in 2018Ilaiah at Kerala Literature Festival in 2018
Born (1952-10-05) 5 October 1952 (age 72)
Papaiahpet, Warangal, Hyderabad State, India (now in Telangana, India)
Education
Occupation(s)Retired Director, Centre for Study of Social Exclusion and Inclusive

Policy (CSSEIP) at Maulana Azad National Urdu University,

Hyderabad
Known forWriter and speaker on Indian political thought
AwardsMahatma Jyotirao Phule Award

Nehru Fellow 1994-97

Manyawar Kanshiram Smriti Mahanayak Puraskar

Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd (born 5 October 1952) is an Indian political theorist, writer and a Dalit rights activist. He writes in both English and Telugu languages. His main domain of study and activism is the annihilation of caste.

Early life

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Kancha Ilaiah was born in the village of Papaiahpet of Chennaraopet mandal, Warangal district in present-day Telangana. He belongs to the Kuruma golla (Yadav) caste, a community of goatherds designated as an Other Backward Class. Ilaiah's father Kancha Komuraiah was always away from home while grazing sheep. The dominant figure in the family was his mother. Ilaiah credited his mother, Kancha Kattamma, as pivotal in shaping his political thought.

Ilaaih suffixed 'Shepherd' to his name symbolically, as he comes from a shepherding family.

Professional life

Ilaiah received an M.A. degree in political science and an M.Phil., awarded for his study of land reform in undivided Andhra Pradesh. He has been a recipient of the Mahatma Jyotirao Phule Award and was a Nehru Fellow between 1994 and 1997.

Ilaiah earned a Ph.D on the basis of his work exploring the political dimension of Buddhism, culminating in God as Political Philosopher - Buddha's Challenge to Brahminism. He later elaborated several of its key themes in his best-known book. Why I Am Not a Hindu: A Sudra critique of Hindutva philosophy, culture and political economy (1996). A chapter of the book, Hindu Death and Our Death has been reprinted in the book The Hunger of the Republic: Our Present in Retrospect, part of the India Since the 90s series published by Tulika Books.

Ilaiah has encouraged proficiency in the English language for Dalits, arguing that it would allow Dalits in India to intellectually engage the world outside India without non-Dalits speaking "for them". In May 2016, in protest against "Brahmanic hegemony" he says continues to persist in India, Ilaiah appended "Shepherd" to his name. Ilaiah identified in this choice recognition and reaffirmation of his family origins. As an English-language proper noun rather than its equivalent in an Indian language, "Shepherd" is meant to demonstrate a symbolic break with the cultural norms Ilaiah believed Brahmins sought to "impose" on Indian society. Ilaiah characterises his name change as a tool to break these norms and to value the work of what he terms "productive classes:" including Scheduled Castes and OBCs.

Kancha Ilaiah is an Ambedkarite. As an anti-caste activist, Ilaiah is often misidentified by the media as being a Dalit himself. Ilaiah identifies himself as a Sudra intellectual.

Kancha Ilaiah in 2024

In November 2015, Ilaiah stated that if Vallabhbhai Patel, the first Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of India credited with accession of a princely states into India amidst the intense violence and bloodletting that followed the creation of Pakistan, had been Prime Minister of India, India "would have become Pakistan".

Criticism

While working as an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at Osmania University, several of Ilaiah's colleagues as well as academics affiliated with the university expressed, in an open-letter, their concern with respect to certain articles and opinions that Ilaiah had contributed to a local newspaper and advised him against writing material that could inflame sectarian discontent or prejudice.

In April 2016, Ilaiah gave a controversial remark that vegetarianism is anti-nationalism. On 18 September 2017, T. G. Venkatesh, a member of Indian Parliament representing the Telugu Desam Party and a prominent leader of the Arya Vysya said at a press conference that Ilaiah was a traitor and should be hanged because his writings were "intended to divide society." Ilaiah alleged that the members of Arya Vysya community had tried to kill him and lodged a police complaint when Arya Vysya community members attacked his car in 2017.

In September 2017, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu banned Ilaiah's book on Vyshas for hurting the sentiments of the community after Vysyas community members protested and demanded a ban on the book.

Appointments

Among Ilaiah's official appointments have been:

Selected publications

English language publications:

Telugu language publications:

  • ఐలయ్య, క. మన తత్వం: దళిత బహుజన తాత్వికత. హైదరాబాద్: హైదరాబాద్ బుక్ ట్రస్ట్

References

  1. Kannabiran, Kalpana (5 October 2017). "Taking aim at the messenger: on the attack on Kancha Ilaiah". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
  2. ^ "The attempt to censor my writings is part of a larger game plan". Rediff. 24 May 2000. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
  3. Kancha Ilaiah || Talking About One Of His Book || నేను హిందువుని ఎలా అవుతా, RTV Telugu, 1 March 2023, retrieved 8 May 2023; Event occurs from 2:25 to 2:32
  4. ^ "How anti-caste activist Kancha Ilaiah's mother was an inspiration for his rebellion". The News Minute. 16 September 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2021.
  5. "How a caste reference in his 2009 book has come back to haunt Kancha Ilaiah". Hindustan Times. 16 October 2017.
  6. "How cow protection laws brutalise our culture". The Economic Times. 14 August 2016.
  7. Shepherd, Kancha Ilaiah (27 May 2016). "The violence of caste: Why I have changed my name to Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd". Scroll.in. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  8. ""Modi should ask sadhus to clean the streets"". The Hindu. 10 July 2016 – via www.thehindu.com.
  9. "Introduce English in all schools, says Kancha Ilaiah". The New Indian Express. 8 August 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2020.
  10. Mathur, Swati (15 February 2013). "Kancha Ilaiah: Even if 10% dalit children got English education, India would change". The Times of India. Retrieved 9 February 2022.
  11. Jain, Akshat (5 June 2016). "In defence of English: Blame the Indian education system, not the language". Scroll.in.
  12. "Good Shepherd: Dalit thinker Kancha Ilaiah on name, caste". Hindustan Times. 27 May 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  13. "Threats to Kancha Ilaiah show India has learnt nothing from Gauri Lankesh's death". www.dailyo.in.
  14. "The Ethereal Realist | Outlook India Magazine". www.outlookindia.com/.
  15. "Gandhi was not a caste abolitionist: Kancha Ilaiah Shepherd". The Week.
  16. "India's President Ram Nath Kovind takes oath". www.aljazeera.com.
  17. Mondal, Sudipto (27 May 2016). "Good Shepherd: Dalit thinker Kancha Ilaiah on name, caste". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
  18. "If Sardar Patel was PM, India would've become Pakistan: Kancha Ilaiah". Hindustan Times. 30 November 2015. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  19. "Vegetarianism is anti-nationalism: Kancha Ilaiah on Ambedkar's food democracy". Firstpost. 14 April 2016.
  20. "TD MP TG Venkatesh says 'Hang ilaiah' for his book". The Deccan Chronicle. 18 September 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2018.
  21. "After vehicle pelted with stones, Kancha Ilaiah files plaint, says death threats against him". The New Indian Express. 24 September 2017.
  22. Scroll Staff (24 September 2017). "Writer Kancha Ilaiah says his car was attacked with stones in Telangana". Scroll.in.
  23. "Pawan Kalyan's tweet, comments by MPs make CM see red". Deccan Chronicle. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
  24. Sharda, Ratan (27 September 2017). "TDP chief Chandrababu Naidu slams Kancha Ilaiah for provocative writing". NewsBharati. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
  25. "3rd Cycle of Accreditation – NAAC, Self – Study Report, 2013" (PDF). Osmania University. 2013. p. 48. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.

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