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| {{other uses|Xin (disambiguation)}} | |||
| In ], '''''xin''''' can refer to either one's "heart" and "mind" ({{zh|c={{linktext|心}}|p=xīn}}), or to the concept of sincerity or faithfulness ({{zh|c={{linktext|信}}|p=xìn}}). | |||
| == Xin (heart-mind) == | |||
| Literally, ''xin'' ({{lang|zh|心}}) refers to the physical heart, though it also refers to the "mind" as the ancient Chinese believed the heart was the center of human ]. However, emotion and reason were not considered as separate, but rather as coextensive; ''xin'' is as much cognitive as emotional, being simultaneously associated with thought and feeling. For these reasons, it is also often translated as "heart-mind". It has a connotation of intention, yet can be used to refer to long-term goals.{{sfnp|Shun|2010}} | |||
| === Confucianism === | |||
| ], an important early ] thinker, considered ''xin'' ({{lang|zh|心}}) to be cultivated during one's life, in contrast to innate qualities of '']'' ({{zh|c={{linktext|性}}|p=xìng}}), or human nature.{{sfnp|Robins|2008}} | |||
| === Daoism === | |||
| A ] view, specifically that of ], describes ''xin'' ({{lang|zh|心}}) as being socialised, with environmental pressures influencing personal intentions, sometimes in such a way that can provoke disagreements and conflict. Whereas Confucians viewed it necessary to ] ''xin'' to develop ], or moral virtue, Zhuang Zhou considered this socialisation to be detrimental to one's personal nature.{{sfnp|Hansen|2012}}{{sfnp|Ivanhoe|Van Norden|2001|p=393}} | |||
| == Xin (virtue) == | |||
| Often translated as sincerity or faithfulness, ''xin'' ({{lang|zh|信}}) is one of "]" ({{zh|c={{linktext|五常}}|p=wŭ cháng}}), a group of five cardinal virtues recognised in Confucianism which adds ''xin'' to the "four sprouts" ({{zh|c=四端|p=sì duān}}) listed in the ].{{sfnp|Shun|2010}} | |||
| == See also == | |||
| *'']'', a related concept | |||
| == References == | |||
| {{Reflist|20em}} | |||
| == Bibliography == | |||
| {{refbegin}} | |||
| * {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Hansen |first1=Chad |title=Taoism |encyclopedia=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |year=2012 |editor1-last=Zalta |editor1-first=Edward N. |url=http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2012/entries/taoism/}} | |||
| * {{cite book |editor1-last=Ivanhoe |editor1-first=P.J. |editor2-last=Van Norden |editor2-first=B.W. |year=2001 |title=Readings in Classical Chinese Philosophy |edition=2nd |publisher=Hackett Publishing Co. |location=Indianapolis}} | |||
| * {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Robins |first1=Dan |title=Xunzi |encyclopedia=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |year=2008 |editor1-last=Zalta |editor1-first=Edward N. |url=http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/xunzi/}} | |||
| * {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Shun |first1=Kwong Loi |title=Mencius |encyclopedia=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |year=2010 |editor1-last=Zalta |editor1-first=Edward N. |url=http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2010/entries/mencius/}} | |||
| {{refend}} | |||
| {{Chinese philosophy}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
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| {{China-philo-stub}} | |||
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