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{{short description|Title used by Telugu castes}}
'''Naidu''' or '''Nayudu''' or '''Naidoo''' is a common title used by various social groups of ]. It is a derivative of the ] word Nayakudu. It is the title used by Telugu groups such as ] and its Sub Castes like ] and ].And is widely used in Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu,Karnataka and Orissa.
'''Naidu''' (also spelled as '''Nayudu''', '''Naidoo''') is a ] title commonly used by various ] castes. 'Nayudu/Naidu' (నాయుడు) is a contraction of the ] word 'Nayakudu' (నాయకుడు) meaning leader, chief, headman.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Charles Philip |author-link=Charles Philip Brown |date=1903 |title=A Telugu-English Dictionary |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/brown_query.py?searchhws=yes&qs=%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81 |access-date=7 April 2023 |website= |page=644 |via=] |edition=2nd}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=నిఘంటుశోధన - తెలుగు నిఘంటువు |url=https://andhrabharati.com/dictionary/index.php?w=%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81 |access-date=7 April 2023 |website=Andhra Bharati}}</ref> Telugu castes such as the ]/]<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Misra |first1=Promode Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YekBAAAAMAAJ&q=balija+naidu |title=Nomads in the Mysore City |last2=Misra |first2=Rajalakshmi |last3=Rajalakshmi |first3=Chennkeswara Ramanuja |last4=Verghese |first4=Isaac |date=1971 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |page=7,8 2 |language=en |quote=Balija Naidu}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Wiebe |first=Paul D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_1oyAAAAMAAJ&q=Balijas+boyas+Gollas+Kapus |title=Social Life in an Indian Slum |date=1975 |publisher=Carolina Academic Press |isbn=978-0-89089-051-6 |page=63 |language=en |quote=Naidu is a title of honour and has been used by such Telugu castes as the ]s, ], ], and ]}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Rural Non Form Growth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MTbtAAAAMAAJ&q=Kapu+Naidu |pages=215 |year=2006 |publisher=Serials Publications |isbn=9788183870092 |quote=Kapu Naidu}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Shashi |first=Shyam Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOIjAQAAIAAJ&q=Telaga+naidu |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: Andhra Pradesh |date=1994 |publisher=Anmol Publications |isbn=978-81-7041-836-8 |pages=196. 195 |language=en |quote=But Reddis, Kammas, and Telaga Naidu are equal in social rank. They are originally agricultural castes. |author-link=Shyam Singh Shashi}}</ref> ], ],<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Thurston |first1=Edgar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FnB3k8fx5oEC&dq=gavara&pg=PA138 |title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India |last2=Rangachari |first2=K. |publisher=Government press |year=1909 |isbn=9781727472912 |page=138}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1285 | title=Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles | isbn=978-0-19-563357-3 | last1=Singh | first1=K. S. | date=1996 | publisher=Anthropological Survey of India }}</ref> ],<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Misra|first1=Promode Kumar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YekBAAAAMAAJ&q=Golla|title=Nomads in the Mysore City|last2=Misra|first2=Rajalakshmi|last3=Rajalakshmi|first3=Chennkeswara Ramanuja|last4=Verghese|first4=Isaac|date=1971|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|page=35|language=en|quote=The Title "Naidu" is used by many of The Telugu-speaking communities such as ], ] and ].}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ramamoorthy |first=L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yYgOAAAAYAAJ&q=yadava+naidu+for+golla |title=Language Loyalty and Displacement: Among Telugu Minorities in Pondicherry |date=2000 |publisher=Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics and Culture |isbn=978-81-85452-10-4 |language=en}}</ref> ],<ref>{{Citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&q=Turupu+Kapu+Nayudu|title=Communities,Segments,Synonyms,Surnames and Titles|date=1996|publisher=Anthropological Survey of India|page=1396|isbn=978-0-19-563357-3|language=en|quote=Turupu Kapu title Nayudu/Naidu}}</ref> ], ]<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last=Francis |first=C. |year=2006 |title=Private Investment in the Cotton Mills: A Case Study |journal=Journal of Indian History |volume=85 |page=<!--175–187--> 181 |quote=Naidu is a title assumed by a number of Telugu castes such as Balija, Bestha, Boya, Ekari, Gavara, Kaingi, Kamma, Kapu and Velama.}}</ref> among others use the title.


In ], the term Naidu primarily refers to ] caste.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Staples |first=James |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-9j9DwAAQBAJ&dq=Naidu+kapu&pg=PA196 |title=Sacred Cows and Chicken Manchurian: The Everyday Politics of Eating Meat in India |date=2020 |publisher=] |isbn=978-0-295-74789-7 |pages=196 |language=en |quote=Naidu—or Kapu, an alternative name for the same subcaste—is known as one of Andhra Pradesh's economically and politically dominant castes, along with the Reddis and the Kammas.}}</ref><ref name="JASI">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dn1CAAAAYAAJ&q=Kapu+Naidu |title=The Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India |date=1990 |publisher=] |volume=39 |pages=70 |language=en |quote=The group is also known as Kapu, Naidu, Telaga in coastal districts of the state and is ethnically similar to Balija Naidus of Rayalaseema area of Andhra Pradesh.}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite book |last=Prasada Bhoopaludu |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.497181/page/1381/mode/2up?q=%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE |title=Andhra Vignanamu |date=1939 |publisher=The Razan Electric Press |volume=3 |pages=1381–1383}}</ref>
Other Communities like Kamma and some Native Tamil Communities use the title Naicker.] is the Tamil word for Naidu widely used in South ].


==Notable people==
People bearing the title Naidu include:


* ], social activist from ]
==Origins==
* ], politician, ] leader
* ], former Chief Minister of Madras Presidency
* ], Indian ] pioneer known as the 'father of ] cricket'<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last1=Eastman |first1=Benjamin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdfbAAAAQBAJ&dq=Buchi+Babu+Naidu&pg=PA7 |title=America's Game(s): A Critical Anthropology of Sport |last2=Ralph |first2=Michael |last3=Brown |first3=Sean |date=2007-12-12 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-80263-8 |pages=7 |language=en}}</ref>
* ], India's first female cricket commentator<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dani |first=Bipin |date=5 April 2021 |title=India's first woman commentator Chandra Nayudu no more |work=] |url=https://www.mid-day.com/sports/cricket/article/indias-first-woman-commentator-chandra-nayudu-no-more-23166951}}</ref>
* ], Telugu cinematographer
* ], first captain of the ] and one of India's greatest cricketers<ref>{{Cite book |last=Majumdar |first=Boria |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UGFFG_deJy4C&dq=Nayudu+universally+one+greatest+cricketers+ever+lived&pg=PA50 |title=Once Upon a Furore: Lost Pages of Indian Cricket |date=2004 |publisher=Yoda Press |isbn=978-81-902272-0-9 |pages=50 |language=en |quote=C. K. Nayudu is today universally acknowledged as one of the greatest Indian cricketers that ever lived. |author-link=Boria Majumdar}}</ref>
* ], represented India in ] from 1934 to 1952
* ], former chairman of ]
* ], ] violinist
* ], Telugu film producer
* ], member of ]
* ], Indian industrialist, the founder of ] of companies
* ], former Minister, ], Andhra Pradesh
* ], first Law Minister of Andhra Pradesh
* ], scientist, inventor and businessman, known as "Edison of India"
* ], entrepreneur, founder of KG Group
* ], Speaker of Pondicherry Assembly (1985{{En dash}}1989)<ref name=":1522">{{Cite book |last=More |first=J. B. Prashant |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cQ1uAAAAMAAJ |title=The Telugus of Yanam and Masulipatnam: From French Rule to Integration with India |date=2007 |publisher= |pages=263 |language=en |author-link=J. B. Prashant More}}</ref>
* ], ], ], and wrestler
* ], former ]; Telugu Desam Party leader
* ], Telugu Desam Party leader
* ], entrepreneur, founder of ]
* ], former Chief Minister and Governor of ]
* ], politician
* ], Indian actress
* ], 13th ]
* ], former ]
* ], social activist in South Africa
* ], politician, Telugu Desam Party
* ], current Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, leader of Telugu Desam Party
* ], Indian physician, politician, journalist and Indian independence activist
* ], educator, founder of ]
* ], former ] and member of the 10th ] of India
* ], freedom fighter
* ], minister of a small ] kingdom of ]
* ], former Minister, Andhra Pradesh
* ], commander of a ] unit
* ], sportsperson who represented ]
* ], filmmaker widely known as the "father of ]"
* ], Indian social reformer and educationist
* ], ]-winning ]
* ], independence activist and poet known as "nightingale of India"
* ], classical dancer
* ], physician
* ], politician; former MP and state minister
* ], writer and journalist, winner of ]<ref name="Kumari-19983">{{Cite book |last=Kumari |first=A. Vijaya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r-ffeWmj2JUC&q=kapu&pg=PA89 |title=Social Change Among Balijas: Majority Community of Andhra Pradesh |date=1998 |publisher=M.D. Publications |isbn=978-81-7533-072-6 |pages=14 |language=en}}</ref>
* ], freedom fighter
* ], ] Raja


== References ==
It is a title denoting a village or Lineage headman or Commander or Governor and was granted by Kings for those who were responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining order. As such eventually in Modern times it was inherited as a title by many although they no longer were either collecting taxes or were in any in leadership positions in villages. It is a Telugu derivation of the ] title for a head of a band of soldiers known as ] the protector.
{{reflist}}


{{surname}}
Nayaka as an origin can be traced out to the Western Chalukyan Expansion into Andhra Country rule during the 7th Century A.D. Naidu title in the Medieval times was associated with primarily with communities such as Kapu / Balija / Telaga initially and later Velamas and Kammas who served as Commanders under various Andhra Dynasities like Chalukya, Kakatiya and Vijayanagar. During the expansion of Vijayanagar Kingdom into Southern India it was conferred to other non-Telugu Speaking communities who served as Commanders or Barons or Governors under the Vijayanagar Emperors in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Hence the widespread usage of Naidu among lots of Non Telugu Speaking Communities in States like ''Tamil Nadu'',''Karnataka'' and ''Orissa'' can be noted.


]
==Title usage==
]

]
The word Naik (Nayaka, a leader or chief) is used by the older writers in southern India in several senses, of which the following ex. given by Yule and Burnell may be cited:
]

]
#Native captain or headman
#Title of honor among Hindus in the Deccan. "The kings of deccan also have a custom when they will honor a man or recompence their service done, and raise him to dignity and honor. They give him the title of Nayak." -Linschoten
#The general name of the Kings of Vijayanagar.
#Naik, Naickan, Naicker, Nayak or Nayakkan has been used by the Tamil Pallis, ]s, Irulas, Vedans, and also by various Kanada castes:

===Telugu===

According to Edgar Thurston (Castes and Tribes of Southern India Vol. 5 pg. 138) Naidu or Nayudu is a title used by many Telugu castes.( In Alphabetical Order)
#Balija
#Gavara
#Kalingi
#Kamma
#Kapu
#Mudiraju
#Telaga
#Velama

===Tulu===
#Mogers in some parts of South Canara prefer the title Naiker to the ordinary caste title of Marakaleru.
#Some Bunts have the same title.
#The headman amongst the Lambadis is called Naik.
#Naicker also occurs as a hereditary title in some Brahman families.
#Naik, Naiko or Nayako appears as the title of various Oriya classes.

== Tamil Nadu==
In ] ] title is used only by people of ] origins, whereas Tamil speaking communities in ] dirstrct use ] title. On the whole Naicker is nothing but ] in ].

===Chennai===
]s in ] usually are [[Balija Naidus or Kapu naidus and Kammas.
===Coimbatore===
The most predominant section of communities that use ] are Balijas and Kammas in ] District. Balija Naidus (Gavara/Gajula)Kamma]] in southern Districts use ] title,while the title(Naicker) is also used by other Telugu speaking communities in those districts.

===Naicker Title===

There are also Kavarai Naidus( Gavara Balija Naidus) scattered in Tamil Nadu. Gajula Balija Naidus(Valaiyal Chettis in Tamil)are major branch of Gavara Balija Naidus.According to Thurston Madura,Thanjavur Nayaka dynasties and VijayaNagar dynasties belong to Balija Naidu caste. Telugu Communities like ] and ] in Southern districts like (], ], ])and uptil ] also use Naicker title. Communities like ] and ] also use the title '''Naicker'''.Munnuru Kapus of Andhra pradesh are migrated Balija Naidus from Tamilnadu.

==Usage abroad==
It is used as a surname in ] where a variant spelling '''Naidoo''' is used amongst its Tamil citizens. The usage does not denote Telugu ancestry any longer as intermarriage has diluted such identities. In ] it is used amongst the Indian origin ] and in ] it is a surname of Tamil populations. In ], ] and ] it is a surname of the broader ] and has losts its ] origins completely.In]it used by Telugus to denote their Telugu ancestory

==Prominent persons==
* Periyar , EVR, E.V. Ramaswami Naicker of Dravida Kazhagam (Kannada Naidu) (DMK, AIADMK, MDMK etc and other prominent political parties of Tamil Nadu are derived from DK which was started by EVR and Annadurai) Refer http://en.wikipedia.org/Periyar_Ramasami
* Sri Grandhi Venkata Reddy Naidu - Hails from the famous Grandhi family of West Godavari District. Pre-independence, Sri Naidu was a lawyer by profession, and was active in the West Godavari political scene. He later went on to be elected Member of the Legislative Assembly when Andhra Pradesh was formed and was appointed the Minister for Law and Endowments in AP's first cabinet led by Chief Minister Sanjeeva Reddy. (Kapu, Balija Naidu)
* Sir Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*(S.V.R),Samarla Venkata Ranga Rao(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Kannamba(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Mahanati Savithri(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Devika(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*G .(Garikepati)VaraLakshmi (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*], Cottari Kanakaiah Naidu, first Indian cricket team captain(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Justice Grandhi Bhavani Prasad - Current Justice in the Andhra Pradesh High Court and grandson of former Law Minister Sri Grandhi Venkata Reddy Naidu, Justice Bhavani Prasad is a well-known figure in the Andhra Pradesh judicial system where he served for more than 30 years. (Kapu, Balija Naidu)
* Padmabhuashan Megastar chiranjeevi(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Dasari Narayana Rao(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Kodi Rama murthy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Famous dancer Sobha Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Thapi Dharma Rao Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*M(Marrikonda) Chalapathi Rao,Eminent journalist,friend of Jawaharlal Nehru(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* ], Chairman ] of ]
* Jayaseelan "Jay" Naidoo - South African anti-apartheid activitst and former leader of South African trade union, COSATU. Candidate number six on the alliance list for the National Assembly and was duely elected to parliament. In 1994 Naidoo was appointed Minister without Portfolio in the GNU charged with the responsibility of overseeing the Reconstruction and Development Programme. He was given the post of Minister of Posts, Telecommunications and Broadcasting in March 1996 till the second democratic elections (June 1999).
*
*
*] German Singer of South African Indian Tamil descent
*] Prominent Tamil Nadu ] politician
*] - Australian broadcaster
*] - South African freedom fighter
*] - Actress in 50's and 60's.1954 ].
*Victor Venkat Naidu: First Secretary - Fiji Girmit Festival
*M.R.Radha (Balija Naidu)
*Vijaya Kanth: The famous tamil actor turned politician (Balija Naidu)
*Sneha: One of the top actress of South Indian film industry (Gavara Naidu)
* P (Punjala) Shiva Shankar(Kapu Naidu)
*K(Kancherla)Keshava Rao(Kapu Naidu)
* D K Adikesavalu Naidu (MP, Chittoor AP, and Businessman, Liquor Baron and Trustee of Puttaparti Saibaba Foundation) (Balija Naidu)
* M.S.Ramaiah(Educational institutes in Bangalore (Balija Naidu)
* Kandula Veera Raghava Swamy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Mandapaka Rangayya Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Thota Narasayya Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Polisetty Swamy Naidu (Freedom Fighter)(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Pagadala Ramaswamy Sudershan Naidu (Freedom Fighter - Hyderabad)(Kapu Naidu)
* Puligundla Sandeep Naidu (Chittoor)
* ](Kamma Naidu)
* M. Venkaiah Naidu(Kamma Naidu)
* Nalanagula Manoj Kumar
*] Former Union Minister (Kapu Naidu)
* Dr G V Rao, Ph D., Forensic DNA Expert, India

== See also ==

*]
*]
*]
*]
*]

==External links==

*


]
]
]
]

Latest revision as of 07:36, 17 December 2024

Title used by Telugu castes

Naidu (also spelled as Nayudu, Naidoo) is a Telugu title commonly used by various Telugu castes. 'Nayudu/Naidu' (నాయుడు) is a contraction of the Telugu word 'Nayakudu' (నాయకుడు) meaning leader, chief, headman. Telugu castes such as the Kapu/Balija Kamma, Gavara, Golla, Turpu Kapu, Velama, Boya among others use the title.

In Coastal Andhra, the term Naidu primarily refers to Kapu caste.

Notable people

People bearing the title Naidu include:

References

  1. Brown, Charles Philip (1903). "A Telugu-English Dictionary" (2nd ed.). p. 644. Retrieved 7 April 2023 – via Digital South Asia Library.
  2. "నిఘంటుశోధన - తెలుగు నిఘంటువు". Andhra Bharati. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  3. Misra, Promode Kumar; Misra, Rajalakshmi; Rajalakshmi, Chennkeswara Ramanuja; Verghese, Isaac (1971). Nomads in the Mysore City. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 7,8 2. Balija Naidu
  4. Wiebe, Paul D. (1975). Social Life in an Indian Slum. Carolina Academic Press. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-89089-051-6. Naidu is a title of honour and has been used by such Telugu castes as the Balijas, Boyas, Gollas, and Kapus
  5. Rural Non Form Growth, Serials Publications, 2006, p. 215, ISBN 9788183870092, Kapu Naidu
  6. Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: Andhra Pradesh. Anmol Publications. pp. 196. 195. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8. But Reddis, Kammas, and Telaga Naidu are equal in social rank. They are originally agricultural castes.
  7. Thurston, Edgar; Rangachari, K. (1909). Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Government press. p. 138. ISBN 9781727472912.
  8. Singh, K. S. (1996). Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles. Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 978-0-19-563357-3.
  9. Misra, Promode Kumar; Misra, Rajalakshmi; Rajalakshmi, Chennkeswara Ramanuja; Verghese, Isaac (1971). Nomads in the Mysore City. Anthropological Survey of India. p. 35. The Title "Naidu" is used by many of The Telugu-speaking communities such as Balija, Bestha and Golla.
  10. Ramamoorthy, L. (2000). Language Loyalty and Displacement: Among Telugu Minorities in Pondicherry. Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics and Culture. ISBN 978-81-85452-10-4.
  11. Communities,Segments,Synonyms,Surnames and Titles, Anthropological Survey of India, 1996, p. 1396, ISBN 978-0-19-563357-3, Turupu Kapu title Nayudu/Naidu
  12. Francis, C. (2006). "Private Investment in the Cotton Mills: A Case Study". Journal of Indian History. 85: 181. Naidu is a title assumed by a number of Telugu castes such as Balija, Bestha, Boya, Ekari, Gavara, Kaingi, Kamma, Kapu and Velama.
  13. Staples, James (2020). Sacred Cows and Chicken Manchurian: The Everyday Politics of Eating Meat in India. University of Washington Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-295-74789-7. Naidu—or Kapu, an alternative name for the same subcaste—is known as one of Andhra Pradesh's economically and politically dominant castes, along with the Reddis and the Kammas.
  14. The Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India. Vol. 39. Anthropological Survey of India. 1990. p. 70. The group is also known as Kapu, Naidu, Telaga in coastal districts of the state and is ethnically similar to Balija Naidus of Rayalaseema area of Andhra Pradesh.
  15. Prasada Bhoopaludu (1939). Andhra Vignanamu. Vol. 3. The Razan Electric Press. pp. 1381–1383.
  16. Eastman, Benjamin; Ralph, Michael; Brown, Sean (2007-12-12). America's Game(s): A Critical Anthropology of Sport. Routledge. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-136-80263-8.
  17. Dani, Bipin (5 April 2021). "India's first woman commentator Chandra Nayudu no more". Mid-Day.
  18. Majumdar, Boria (2004). Once Upon a Furore: Lost Pages of Indian Cricket. Yoda Press. p. 50. ISBN 978-81-902272-0-9. C. K. Nayudu is today universally acknowledged as one of the greatest Indian cricketers that ever lived.
  19. More, J. B. Prashant (2007). The Telugus of Yanam and Masulipatnam: From French Rule to Integration with India. p. 263.
  20. Kumari, A. Vijaya (1998). Social Change Among Balijas: Majority Community of Andhra Pradesh. M.D. Publications. p. 14. ISBN 978-81-7533-072-6.
Surname listThis page lists people with the surname Naidu.
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