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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Short description|German chemist (born 1968)}} {{Short description|German chemist (born 1968)}}
{{Infobox scientist {{Infobox scientist
|name = Benjamin List | name = Benjamin List
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1968|1|11|df=y}} | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1968|1|11|df=y}}
|birth_place = ], ] (now ]) | birth_place = ], West Germany
| image = Empfang für Benjamin List im Rathaus Köln-7597-crop.jpg
⚫ |death_date =
|death_place = | caption = Benjamin List in 2021
⚫ | death_date =
|education = ] (])<br>] (])
| death_place =
⚫ |awards = ] (2016)<br>] (2021)
|workplaces = ]<br>]<br>] | education = ] (])<br />] (PhD)
⚫ | awards = ] (2016)<br />] (2021)
⚫ |doctoral_advisor = ]
| workplaces = ]<br />]<br>]
⚫ |thesis_title = Synthese eines Vitamin B 12 Semicorrins
⚫ | doctoral_advisor = ]
⚫ |thesis_year = 1997
| academic_advisors = ]<br />]
⚫ |thesis_url = https://hds.hebis.de/ubffm/Record/HEB053816005
⚫ | thesis_title = Synthese eines Vitamin B 12 Semicorrins
⚫ | thesis_year = 1997
⚫ | thesis_url = https://hds.hebis.de/ubffm/Record/HEB053816005
| relatives = ] (aunt)<ref name=tagblatt />
}} }}
'''Benjamin List''' (born 11 January 1968) is a ] chemist who is director of the ] and professor of ] at the ]. He co-developed ], a method of accelerating chemical reactions and making them more efficient. He shared the 2021 ] with ] "for the development of ] organocatalysis".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2021/list/facts/|access-date=2021-10-06|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US}}</ref> '''Benjamin List''' ({{IPA|de|ˈbɛnjamiːn ˈlɪst|-|De-Benjamin List.ogg}}; born 11 January 1968) is a German chemist who is one of the directors of the ] and professor of ] at the ]. He co-developed ], a method of accelerating chemical reactions and making them more efficient. He shared the 2021 ] with ] "for the development of ] organocatalysis".<ref name="Nobel Prize">{{Cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2021/list/facts/|access-date=6 October 2021|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US}}</ref>


==Background== ==Background==
Born into a family of the high ] in ], List is a great-grandson of the cardiologist ] and a 2nd great-grandson of the chemist ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Eine Perspektive fürs Leben |url=https://www.mpg.de/17661406/potraet-list |publisher=MPG |access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2021">{{cite web | title=List, Benjamin | website=Max-Planck-Gesellschaft | date=23 September 2021 | url=https://www.mpg.de/390103/kohlenforschung-list | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> He is a nephew of the 1995 Nobel laureate in medicine ], who is his mother's sister.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nobelpreis für Nüsslein-Volhards Neffen |url=https://www.tagblatt.de/Nachrichten/Nobelpreis-fuer-Nuesslein-Volhards-Neffen-519710.html |access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> Born to an upper-middle-class family of scientists and artists<ref name=tagblatt /> in ], List is a great-grandson of the cardiologist ] and a 2nd great-grandson of the chemist ].<ref name=mpg-int>{{cite web |last=Pietschmann |first=Catarina | title=A Perspective for Life | website=Max-Planck-Gesellschaft | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.mpg.de/17662734/potrait-benjamin-list | access-date=7 October 2021}}</ref> His aunt, the 1995 Nobel laureate in medicine ], is the sister of his mother, architect Heidi List.<ref name=tagblatt>{{cite news |title=Nobelpreis für Nüsslein-Volhards Neffen |url=https://www.tagblatt.de/Nachrichten/Nobelpreis-fuer-Nuesslein-Volhards-Neffen-519710.html|newspaper=Tagblatt.de |access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Nobelpreis an Deutschen für Revolution in der Chemie |url=https://www.morgenpost.de/web-wissen/article233512243/Nobelpreis-an-Deutschen-fuer-Revolution-in-der-Chemie.html |access-date=7 October 2021 |work=Morgenpost}}</ref> At age three, his parents divorced.<ref name=mpg-int />


==Career and research== ==Career and research==
List obtained his ] (M.Sc.) degree in chemistry from the ] in 1993, and his PhD from ] in 1997. His doctoral dissertation was titled ''Synthese eines ] Semicorrins'' (Synthesis of a Vitamin B 12 Semicorrin),<ref>{{OCLC|613569311}}</ref><ref name="Mulzer List Bats pp. 5512–5518">{{cite journal | last1=Mulzer | first1=Johann | last2=List | first2=Benjamin | last3=Bats | first3=Jan W. | title=Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Nonracemic Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> A−B-Semicorrin | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=119 | issue=24 | date=1 June 1997 | issn=0002-7863 | doi=10.1021/ja9700515 | pages=5512–5518}}</ref> and was advised by ].<ref name="purdue">{{Cite web|url=https://www.chem.purdue.edu/hcbrownlectures/2019/List%20web%20bio_2.pdf|title=Benjamin List, H. C. Brown lecture|accessdate=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kofo.mpg.de/342315/2016-04-21_benjamin_list_erhaelt_erc_advanced_grant.pdf|title=Benjamin List, Direktor am Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, erhält ERC Advanced Grant des Europäischen Forschungsrates|accessdate=15 October 2021}}</ref> List worked at the ] Department of Molecular Biology in ], US as a postdoctoral researcher in ] and ]'s research groups<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Service |first1=Robert F. |title=Nobel honors molecule builders who made chemistry easier and greener |journal=] |date=6 October 2021 |doi=10.1126/science.acx9266 |s2cid=242889498 |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/nobel-honors-molecule-builders-who-made-chemistry-easier-and-greener |access-date=12 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref> from 1997 to 1998 with a scholarship from the ]<ref name=mpg-int /> and as an assistant professor from 1999 to 2003.<ref name="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2021" /><ref name="kofo.mpg.de 2021" />


List obtained his ] (M.Sc.) degree in chemistry from the ] in 1993, and his ] from ] in 1997. His doctoral dissertation was titled ''Synthese eines ] Semicorrins'' (Synthesis of a vitamin B 12 semicorrin),<ref>{{OCLC|613569311}}</ref><ref name="Mulzer List Bats pp. 5512–5518">{{cite journal | last=Mulzer | first=Johann | last2=List | first2=Benjamin | last3=Bats | first3=Jan W. | title=Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Nonracemic Vitamin B12 A−B-Semicorrin | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=119 | issue=24 | date=1 June 1997 | issn=0002-7863 | doi=10.1021/ja9700515 | pages=5512–5518}}</ref> and was advised by ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chem.purdue.edu/hcbrownlectures/2019/List%20web%20bio_2.pdf|title=Benjamin List, H. C. Brown lecture|accessdate=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref></ref> List worked at the ] Department of Molecular Biology in ], ] as a postdoctoral researcher from 1997 to 1998 and as an assistant professor from 1999 to 2003. In 2003 he returned to Germany to become group leader at the ], and in 2005 he became the institute's director. He has held a part-time position as an honorary professor of organic chemistry at the ] since 2004.<ref name="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2021" /><ref name="kofo.mpg.de 2021">{{cite web | title=Vita Prof. List | website=kofo.mpg.de | date=10 May 2021 | url=https://www.kofo.mpg.de/en/research/homogeneous-catalysis/vita | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> List is also a principal investigator at the Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, ].<ref name="ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD) 2020">{{cite web | title=LIST, Benjamin | website=ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD) | date=23 December 2020 | url=https://www.icredd.hokudai.ac.jp/list-benjamin | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> He is the editor-in-chief of the scientific journal '']''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=List |first1=Benjamin |title=Crowd-based peer review can be good and fast |journal=Nature |date=30 May 2017 |volume=546 |issue=7656 |pages=9–9 |doi=10.1038/546009a|doi-access=free }}</ref> He has an ] of 95 according to ].<ref>{{cite web |title=Benjamin List |url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=7OSgjtMAAAAJ&hl=en |website=] |access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> In 2003 he returned to Germany to become group leader at the ], and in 2005 he became one of the institute's directors, heading the Homogeneous Catalysis Department.<ref name=mpg-int /><ref name="BoardOfDir">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kofo.mpg.de/en/institute/board-of-directors|title=Board of Directors|publisher=Max Planck Institute for Coal Research|access-date=25 March 2019}}</ref> He served as the institute's managing director from 2012 to 2014.<ref name="purdue"/> He has held a part-time position as an honorary professor of organic chemistry at the ] since 2004.<ref name="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 2021">{{cite web | title=List, Benjamin | website=Max-Planck-Gesellschaft | date=23 September 2021 | url=https://www.mpg.de/390103/kohlenforschung-list | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="kofo.mpg.de 2021">{{cite web | title=Vita Prof. List | website=kofo.mpg.de | date=10 May 2021 | url=https://www.kofo.mpg.de/en/research/homogeneous-catalysis/vita | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> List is also a principal investigator at the Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, ] since 2018.<ref name="ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD)">{{cite web | title=ICReDD Principal Investigator, Prof. Benjamin List won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021!! Huge congratulations!! | website=ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD) | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.icredd.hokudai.ac.jp/ja/news/6093 | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD) 2020">{{cite web | title=LIST, Benjamin | website=ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD) | date=23 December 2020 | url=https://www.icredd.hokudai.ac.jp/list-benjamin | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> He is the editor-in-chief of the scientific journal '']''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=List |first1=Benjamin |title=Crowd-based peer review can be good and fast |journal=Nature |date=30 May 2017 |volume=546 |issue=7656 |pages=9 |doi=10.1038/546009a|pmid=28569830 |bibcode=2017Natur.546....9L |doi-access=free |hdl=11858/00-001M-0000-002E-18FF-E |hdl-access=free }}</ref> {{As of|2021}}, he has an ] of 95 according to ]<ref>{{Google Scholar id}}</ref> and of 86 according to ].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7007013643|title=Scopus preview – List, Benjamin – Author details – Scopus|website=www.scopus.com|accessdate=15 October 2021}}</ref>


]]]
He is considered to be one of the founders of ]. In particular, he discovered the possibility of using the amino acid proline as an efficient catalyst. This takes place in intermolecular aldol reactions induced by proline. He also found new methods of textile organic catalysis, in which soluble organic catalysts and textiles are bound, and asymmetric catalysis. Asymmetric organocatalysis is particularly important in bioactive organic compounds, where the chirality of the compounds is important, for example in drug production.
List is considered to be one of the founders of ], which uses non-metal and non-enzyme catalysts.<ref name="www.dfg.de" /> In particular, while still an assistant professor he discovered the possibility of using the amino acid ] as an efficient chiral catalyst.<ref name="www.dfg.de" />{{sfn|List|Lerner|Barbas|2000}} This takes place in intermolecular ]s, in which carbon atoms from two different molecules are bonded together, ].<ref name="www.dfg.de">{{cite web | title=DFG gratuliert Benjamin List zum Nobelpreis für Chemie | website=www.dfg.de | url=https://www.dfg.de/service/presse/pressemitteilungen/2021/pressemitteilung_nr_41/index.html | language=de | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref>{{sfn|List|Lerner|Barbas|2000}}<ref name="Castelvecchi" /> The development is based on the ].<ref name="List 2002 pp. 5573–5590">{{cite journal | last=List | first=Benjamin | title=Proline-catalyzed asymmetric reactions | journal=Tetrahedron | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=58 | issue=28 | year=2002 | issn=0040-4020 | doi=10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00516-1 | pages=5573–5590}}</ref><ref name="Hajos Parrish 1974 pp. 1615–1621">{{cite journal | last1=Hajos | first1=Zoltan G. |author-link1=Zoltan Hajos | last2=Parrish | first2=David R. | title=Asymmetric synthesis of bicyclic intermediates of natural product chemistry | journal=The Journal of Organic Chemistry | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=39 | issue=12 | year=1974 | issn=0022-3263 | doi=10.1021/jo00925a003 | pages=1615–1621}}</ref> Subsequently, he developed the first proline-catalyzed ],<ref name="List Pojarliev Biller Martin pp. 827–833">{{cite journal | last1=List | first1=Benjamin | last2=Pojarliev | first2=Peter | last3=Biller | first3=William T. | last4=Martin | first4=Harry J. | title=The Proline-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Three-Component Mannich Reaction: Scope, Optimization, and Application to the Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,2-Amino Alcohols | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=124 | issue=5 | date=10 January 2002 | issn=0002-7863 | doi=10.1021/ja0174231 | pages=827–833| pmid=11817958 }}</ref> ],<ref name="List Pojarliev Martin pp. 2423–2425">{{cite journal | last1=List | first1=Benjamin | last2=Pojarliev | first2=Peter | last3=Martin | first3=Harry J. | title=Efficient Proline-Catalyzed Michael Additions of Unmodified Ketones to Nitro Olefins | journal=Organic Letters | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=3 | issue=16 | date=14 July 2001 | issn=1523-7060 | doi=10.1021/ol015799d | pages=2423–2425| pmid=11483025 }}</ref> and α-] reactions.<ref name="List pp. 5656–5657">{{cite journal | last=List | first=Benjamin | title=Direct Catalytic Asymmetric α-Amination of Aldehydes | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=124 | issue=20 | date=30 April 2002 | issn=0002-7863 | doi=10.1021/ja0261325 | pages=5656–5657| pmid=12010036 }}</ref><ref name="List pp. 5413–5415" /> He found asymmetric catalysis (especially ], ACDC).{{sfn|Mayer|List|2006}}<ref name="Mahlau">{{cite journal | last1=Mahlau | first1=Manuel | last2=List | first2=Benjamin | title=Asymmetric Counteranion-Directed Catalysis: Concept, Definition, and Applications | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | publisher=Wiley | volume=52 | issue=2 | date=28 November 2012 | issn=1433-7851 | doi=10.1002/anie.201205343 | pages=518–533| pmid=23280677 }}</ref> He developed also new methods of textile organic catalysis, in which soluble organic catalysts and textiles are bound.{{sfn|Lee|Mayer-Gall|Opwis|Song|2013}} These methods could, for example, help to treat water where there is no fresh water.<ref name="www.dfg.de" /> Asymmetric organocatalysis<ref name="List pp. 5413–5415">{{cite journal | last=List | first=Benjamin | title=Introduction: Organocatalysis | journal=Chemical Reviews | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=107 | issue=12 | date=1 December 2007 | issn=0009-2665 | doi=10.1021/cr078412e | pages=5413–5415| doi-access=free }}</ref> is particularly important in bioactive organic compounds, where the chirality of the compounds is important, for example in drug production.<ref name="Castelvecchi">{{cite journal | last1=Castelvecchi | first1=Davide | last2=Stoye | first2=Emma | title='Elegant' catalysts that tell left from right scoop chemistry Nobel | journal=Nature | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | date=6 October 2021 | volume=598 | issue=7880 | pages=247–248 | issn=0028-0836 | doi=10.1038/d41586-021-02704-2 | pmid=34616090 | bibcode=2021Natur.598..247C | s2cid=238422185 | doi-access=free }}</ref>


On 6 October 2021, he was awarded the ] with ] "for the development of asymmetric ]."<ref name=":0" /> The development has great influence on pharmaceutical research and the manufacture of drugs and "made chemistry greener".<ref name="fr">{{cite news |last=Dörhöfer |first=Pamela | title=Chemie-Nobelpreis für "geniales Werkzeug" | newspaper=] | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.fr.de/wissen/chemie-nobelpreis-2021-benjamin-list-gewinner-frankfurt-davidn-macmillan-news-91036264.html | language=de | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> On 6 October 2021, he was awarded the ] with ] "for the development of asymmetric ]."<ref name="Nobel Prize" /> The development has great influence on pharmaceutical research and the drug production and "made chemistry greener".<ref name="fr">{{cite news |last=Dörhöfer |first=Pamela | title=Chemie-Nobelpreis für "geniales Werkzeug" | newspaper=] | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.fr.de/wissen/chemie-nobelpreis-2021-benjamin-list-gewinner-frankfurt-davidn-macmillan-news-91036264.html | language=de | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref>

==Personal life==
List married Sabine List in ] in 1999 and they have two sons, Theo and Paul.<ref name="Harmsen 2021">{{cite web | last=Harmsen | first=Torsten | title=Ehemaliger Berliner Student Benjamin List gewinnt Chemie-Nobelpreis | website=] | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/zukunft-technologie/ehemaliger-berliner-student-benjamin-list-erhaelt-den-chemie-nobelpreis-li.187187 | language=de | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="GmbH 2021">{{cite news |last=Müller-Jung |first=Joachim | title=Katalysator-Forscher List: Respektlos zum Nobelpreis | website=] | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.faz.net/aktuell/wissen/nobelpreise/chemie-nobelpreis-katalysator-forscher-benjamin-list-17572325.html | language=de | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref><ref name="NobelPrize.org 2021_2">{{cite web | title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021, Benjamin List Interview | website=NobelPrize.org | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2021/list/interview/ | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref> They all survived the ].<ref name="wdr">{{cite news |title=Benjamin List: Der Nobelpreisträger, der den Tsunami überlebte |url=https://www1.wdr.de/nachrichten/chemie-nobelpreis-geht-an-muelheimer-forscher-list-100.html |access-date=7 October 2021 |work=WDR}}</ref>

List's parents sought to raise their children with an ] style; he has admitted occasionally using the approach with his own children, stating that "you may only be 12, but if you think it will do you good to eat ten chocolate bars, then go ahead and do it. I have faith in you. But my advice is: I wouldn't do it."<ref name=mpg-int />


==Honors and awards== ==Honors and awards==
⚫ Source:<ref name="Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 2021_2">{{cite web | title=Awards Prof. List | website=Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung | date=10 May 2021 | url=https://www.kofo.mpg.de/en/research/homogeneous-catalysis/awards | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref>
*1994 NaFoG-Award from the City of Berlin

⚫ *1997 Feodor-Lynen Fellowship of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
{{div col}}
⚫ *2000 Synthesis-Synlett Journal Award,
*1994 NaFöG-Award from the City of Berlin<ref name="rbb24">{{cite web | title=Diplom an der Freien Universität Berlin: Müller gratuliert Chemie-Nobelpreisträgern List und McMillan | website=rbb24 | date=6 October 2021 | url=https://www.rbb24.de/panorama/beitrag/2021/10/berlin-mueller-gratuliert-chemie-nobelpreis-list-mcmillan.html | language=de | access-date=7 October 2021}}</ref>
⚫ *2003 Carl-Duisberg-Memorial Award of the German Chemical Society
⚫ *1997 Feodor Lynen Fellowship of the ]
⚫ *2000 Synthesis-Synlett Journal Award
⚫ *2003 {{ill|Carl-Duisberg-Memorial Award|de|Carl-Duisberg-Gedächtnispreis}} of the ]
*2004 Degussa Prize for Chiral Chemistry *2004 Degussa Prize for Chiral Chemistry
*2004 Lecturer’s Award of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie *2004 Lecturer's Award of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie
*2004 Lieseberg-Prize of the University of Heidelberg *2004 Lieseberg Prize of the ]
*2005 AstraZeneca European Lectureship, the Society of Synthetic Chemistry, Japan *2005 AstraZeneca European Lectureship, the Society of Synthetic Chemistry, Japan
*2005 Lectureship Award *2005 Lectureship Award
*2005 Novartis Young Investigator Award *2005 ] Young Investigator Award
*2006 JSPS Fellowship Award of Japan *2006 ] Fellowship Award of Japan
*2007 AstraZeneca Award in Organic Chemistry *2007 AstraZeneca Award in Organic Chemistry
*2007 Award of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie *2007 Award of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie
*2007 OBC-Lecture Award *2007 OBC-Lecture Award
*2008 Visiting Professor at Sungkyunkwan University, Korea *2008 Visiting Professor at ], Korea
*2009 Boehringer-Ingelheim Lectureship, Canada *2009 Boehringer-Ingelheim Lectureship, Canada
*2009 Organic Reactions Lectureship, US *2009 Organic Reactions Lectureship, US
*2009 Thomson Reuters Citation Laureate *2009 ] Citation Laureate
*2011 Boehringer-Ingelheim Lectureship, Harvard University, US *2011 Boehringer-Ingelheim Lectureship, ], US
*2011 ERC Advanced Grant *2011 ERC Advanced Grant
*2012 Novartis Chemistry Lectureship Award *2012 Novartis Chemistry Lectureship Award
*2012 {{ill|Otto-Bayer-Preis|de}} *2012 ]
*2013 Horst-Pracejus-Preis *2013 Horst-Pracejus-Preis
*2013 Mukaiyama Award *2013 Mukaiyama Award
Line 55: Line 70:
*2014 Cope Scholar Award, US *2014 Cope Scholar Award, US
*2014 Thomson Reuters Highly Cited Researcher *2014 Thomson Reuters Highly Cited Researcher
*2015 Carl Shipp Marvel Lectures, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, US *2015 Carl Shipp Marvel Lectures, ], US
*2016 ] *2016 ]
*2017 Prof. U. R. Ghatak Endowment Lecture, Kolkata, India *2017 Prof. U. R. Ghatak Endowment Lecture, ] (IACS), Kolkata, India
*2017 Ta-shue Chou Lectureship, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan *2017 Ta-shue Chou Lectureship, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
*2018 Member of the ] *2018 Member of the ]
*2019 Herbert C. Brown Lecture, Purdue University, Indiana, US *2019 Herbert C. Brown Lecture, ], Indiana, US
*2021 ] *2019 ] Citation Laureate in Chemistry
*2021 TCR Lecture, 100th CSJ Annual Meeting, Japan
⚫ *2022 Herbert C. Brown Award<ref name="Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 2021">{{cite web | title=Professor Ben List erhält den Herbert C. Brown Award | website=Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung | date=1 October 2021 | url=https://www.kofo.mpg.de/844630/20212709-Herbert-C-Brown-Award-an-Ben-List | language=de | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref>
*2021 ]<ref name="Nobel Prize" />
*2022 Herbert C. Brown Award 2022 for Creative Research in Synthetic Methodes<ref name="Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 2021">{{cite web | title=Professor Ben List erhält den Herbert C. Brown Award | website=Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung | date=1 October 2021 | url=https://www.kofo.mpg.de/844630/20212709-Herbert-C-Brown-Award-an-Ben-List | language=de | access-date=6 October 2021}}</ref>
*2024 John Stauffer Distinguished Lecture in the Sciences ]<ref name="John Stauffer Distinguished Lecture in the Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California ">{{cite web | title= The 50th John Stauffer Distinguished Lecture in the Sciences, April 23-24, 2024 Professor Benjamin List 2021 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung | website=Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California | date=23 April 2024 | url=https://dornsife.usc.edu/chemistry/stauffer-lecturers/}}</ref>


{{div col end}}
==Representative Research Achievements==

*2024 Criegee Lectureship (])<ref>{{Cite web |last=Podlech |first=Joachim |date=2014-09-10 |title=KIT - Institut für Organische Chemie - Startseite |url=https://www.ioc.kit.edu/ |access-date=2024-04-20 |website=www.ioc.kit.edu |language=de-de}}</ref>

==Selected works==
Source:<ref name="ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD) 2020" /> Source:<ref name="ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD) 2020" />

* {{cite journal | last1=List | first1=Benjamin | last2=Lerner | first2=Richard A. | last3=Barbas | first3=Carlos F. | title=Proline-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reactions | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=122 | issue=10 | date=26 February 2000 | issn=0002-7863 | doi=10.1021/ja994280y | pages=2395–2396}} * {{cite journal | last1=List | first1=Benjamin | last2=Lerner | first2=Richard A. |author-link2=Richard Lerner | last3=Barbas | first3=Carlos F. |author-link3=Carlos F. Barbas III | title=Proline-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reactions | journal=Journal of the American Chemical Society | publisher=American Chemical Society (ACS) | volume=122 | issue=10 | date=26 February 2000 | issn=0002-7863 | doi=10.1021/ja994280y | pages=2395–2396}}
* {{cite journal | last1=Mayer | first1=Sonja | last2=List | first2=Benjamin | title=Asymmetric Counteranion-Directed Catalysis | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | publisher=Wiley | volume=45 | issue=25 | date=19 June 2006 | issn=1433-7851 | doi=10.1002/anie.200600512 | pages=4193–4195| pmid=16721891 }} * {{cite journal | last1=Mayer | first1=Sonja | last2=List | first2=Benjamin | title=Asymmetric Counteranion-Directed Catalysis | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | publisher=Wiley | volume=45 | issue=25 | date=19 June 2006 | issn=1433-7851 | doi=10.1002/anie.200600512 | pages=4193–4195| pmid=16721891 }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Čorić | first1=Ilija | last2=List | first2=Benjamin | title=Asymmetric spiroacetalization catalysed by confined Brønsted acids | journal=Nature | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=483 | issue=7389 | year=2012 | issn=0028-0836 | doi=10.1038/nature10932 | pages=315–319| pmid=22422266 | bibcode=2012Natur.483..315C | s2cid=4401955 }} * {{cite journal | last1=Čorić | first1=Ilija | last2=List | first2=Benjamin | title=Asymmetric spiroacetalization catalysed by confined Brønsted acids | journal=Nature | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=483 | issue=7389 | year=2012 | issn=0028-0836 | doi=10.1038/nature10932 | pages=315–319| pmid=22422266 | bibcode=2012Natur.483..315C | s2cid=4401955 }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Kaib | first1=Philip S. J. | last2=Schreyer | first2=Lucas | last3=Lee | first3=Sunggi | last4=Properzi | first4=Roberta | last5=List | first5=Benjamin | title=Extremely Active Organocatalysts Enable a Highly Enantioselective Addition of Allyltrimethylsilane to Aldehydes | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | publisher=Wiley | volume=55 | issue=42 | date=6 October 2016 | issn=1433-7851 | doi=10.1002/anie.201607828 | pages=13200–13203| pmid=27653018 }} * {{cite journal | last1=Kaib | first1=Philip S. J. | last2=Schreyer | first2=Lucas | last3=Lee | first3=Sunggi | last4=Properzi | first4=Roberta | last5=List | first5=Benjamin | title=Extremely Active Organocatalysts Enable a Highly Enantioselective Addition of Allyltrimethylsilane to Aldehydes | journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition | publisher=Wiley | volume=55 | issue=42 | date=6 October 2016 | issn=1433-7851 | doi=10.1002/anie.201607828 | pages=13200–13203| pmid=27653018 }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Tsuji | first1=Nobuya | last2=Kennemur | first2=Jennifer L. | last3=Buyck | first3=Thomas | last4=Lee | first4=Sunggi | last5=Prévost | first5=Sébastien | last6=Kaib | first6=Philip S. J. | last7=Bykov | first7=Dmytro | last8=Farès | first8=Christophe | last9=List | first9=Benjamin | title=Activation of olefins via asymmetric Brønsted acid catalysis | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=359 | issue=6383 | date=29 March 2018 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.aaq0445 | pages=1501–1505| pmid=29599238 | bibcode=2018Sci...359.1501T | s2cid=4549863 }} * {{cite journal | last1=Tsuji | first1=Nobuya | last2=Kennemur | first2=Jennifer L. | last3=Buyck | first3=Thomas | last4=Lee | first4=Sunggi | last5=Prévost | first5=Sébastien | last6=Kaib | first6=Philip S. J. | last7=Bykov | first7=Dmytro | last8=Farès | first8=Christophe | last9=List | first9=Benjamin | title=Activation of olefins via asymmetric Brønsted acid catalysis | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=359 | issue=6383 | date=29 March 2018 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.aaq0445 | pages=1501–1505| pmid=29599238 | bibcode=2018Sci...359.1501T | hdl=21.11116/0000-0001-2AD6-F | s2cid=4549863 | hdl-access=free }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Lee | first1=J.-W. | last2=Mayer-Gall | first2=T. | last3=Opwis | first3=K. | last4=Song | first4=C. E. | last5=Gutmann | first5=J. S. | last6=List | first6=B. | author-link4=Choong Eui Song | title=Organotextile Catalysis | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | volume=341 | issue=6151 | date=12 September 2013 | issn=0036-8075 | doi=10.1126/science.1242196 | pages=1225–1229| pmid=24031014 | bibcode=2013Sci...341.1225L | s2cid=206550607 }}
* {{cite journal | last1=Zhang | first1=Zhipeng | last2=Bae | first2=Han Yong | last3=Guin | first3=Joyram | last4=Rabalakos | first4=Constantinos | last5=van Gemmeren | first5=Manuel | last6=Leutzsch | first6=Markus | last7=Klussmann | first7=Martin | last8=List | first8=Benjamin | title=Asymmetric counteranion-directed Lewis acid organocatalysis for the scalable cyanosilylation of aldehydes | journal=Nature Communications | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=7 | issue=1 | date=17 August 2016 | page=12478 | issn=2041-1723 | doi=10.1038/ncomms12478| pmid=27530470 | pmc=4992067 | bibcode=2016NatCo...712478Z }}


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite web | last=Menne | first=Katharina | title=Organische Chemie: "Mit künstlicher Fotosynthese ließen sich drei riesige Probleme lösen" | website=Spektrum der Wissenschaft | date=23 December 2023 | url=https://www.spektrum.de/news/die-organokatalyse-hat-die-chemische-synthese-revolutioniert/2202317 | language=de | access-date=29 December 2023}}


==External links== ==External links==
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Latest revision as of 20:53, 16 November 2024

German chemist (born 1968)
Benjamin List
Benjamin List in 2021
Born (1968-01-11) 11 January 1968 (age 56)
Frankfurt, West Germany
EducationFree University of Berlin (Diplom)
Goethe University Frankfurt (PhD)
RelativesChristiane Nüsslein-Volhard (aunt)
AwardsGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize (2016)
Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2021)
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Cologne
Max Planck Institute for Coal Research
Hokkaido University
ThesisSynthese eines Vitamin B 12 Semicorrins (1997)
Doctoral advisorJohann Mulzer
Other academic advisorsRichard Lerner
Carlos F. Barbas III

Benjamin List (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛnjamiːn ˈlɪst] ; born 11 January 1968) is a German chemist who is one of the directors of the Max Planck Institute for Coal Research and professor of organic chemistry at the University of Cologne. He co-developed organocatalysis, a method of accelerating chemical reactions and making them more efficient. He shared the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with David MacMillan "for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis".

Background

Born to an upper-middle-class family of scientists and artists in Frankfurt, List is a great-grandson of the cardiologist Franz Volhard and a 2nd great-grandson of the chemist Jacob Volhard. His aunt, the 1995 Nobel laureate in medicine Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, is the sister of his mother, architect Heidi List. At age three, his parents divorced.

Career and research

List obtained his Diplom (M.Sc.) degree in chemistry from the Free University of Berlin in 1993, and his PhD from Goethe University Frankfurt in 1997. His doctoral dissertation was titled Synthese eines Vitamin B 12 Semicorrins (Synthesis of a Vitamin B 12 Semicorrin), and was advised by Johann Mulzer. List worked at the Scripps Research Institute Department of Molecular Biology in La Jolla, US as a postdoctoral researcher in Carlos F. Barbas III and Richard Lerner's research groups from 1997 to 1998 with a scholarship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and as an assistant professor from 1999 to 2003.

In 2003 he returned to Germany to become group leader at the Max Planck Institute for Coal Research, and in 2005 he became one of the institute's directors, heading the Homogeneous Catalysis Department. He served as the institute's managing director from 2012 to 2014. He has held a part-time position as an honorary professor of organic chemistry at the University of Cologne since 2004. List is also a principal investigator at the Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University since 2018. He is the editor-in-chief of the scientific journal Synlett. As of 2021, he has an h-index of 95 according to Google Scholar and of 86 according to Scopus.

Catalyst for asymmetric reactions, L-proline

List is considered to be one of the founders of organocatalysis, which uses non-metal and non-enzyme catalysts. In particular, while still an assistant professor he discovered the possibility of using the amino acid proline as an efficient chiral catalyst. This takes place in intermolecular aldol reactions, in which carbon atoms from two different molecules are bonded together, induced by proline. The development is based on the Hajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reaction. Subsequently, he developed the first proline-catalyzed Mannich, Michael, and α-amination reactions. He found asymmetric catalysis (especially Asymmetric counteranion directed catalysis, ACDC). He developed also new methods of textile organic catalysis, in which soluble organic catalysts and textiles are bound. These methods could, for example, help to treat water where there is no fresh water. Asymmetric organocatalysis is particularly important in bioactive organic compounds, where the chirality of the compounds is important, for example in drug production.

On 6 October 2021, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with David MacMillan "for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis." The development has great influence on pharmaceutical research and the drug production and "made chemistry greener".

Personal life

List married Sabine List in La Jolla in 1999 and they have two sons, Theo and Paul. They all survived the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.

List's parents sought to raise their children with an anti-authoritarian parenting style; he has admitted occasionally using the approach with his own children, stating that "you may only be 12, but if you think it will do you good to eat ten chocolate bars, then go ahead and do it. I have faith in you. But my advice is: I wouldn't do it."

Honors and awards

Source:

Selected works

Source:

References

  1. ^ "Nobelpreis für Nüsslein-Volhards Neffen". Tagblatt.de. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  2. ^ "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  3. ^ Pietschmann, Catarina (6 October 2021). "A Perspective for Life". Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  4. "Nobelpreis an Deutschen für Revolution in der Chemie". Morgenpost. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  5. OCLC 613569311
  6. Mulzer, Johann; List, Benjamin; Bats, Jan W. (1 June 1997). "Stereocontrolled Synthesis of a Nonracemic Vitamin B12 A−B-Semicorrin". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 119 (24). American Chemical Society (ACS): 5512–5518. doi:10.1021/ja9700515. ISSN 0002-7863.
  7. ^ "Benjamin List, H. C. Brown lecture" (PDF). Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  8. "Benjamin List, Direktor am Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, erhält ERC Advanced Grant des Europäischen Forschungsrates" (PDF). Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  9. Service, Robert F. (6 October 2021). "Nobel honors molecule builders who made chemistry easier and greener". Science. doi:10.1126/science.acx9266. S2CID 242889498. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
  10. ^ "List, Benjamin". Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. 23 September 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  11. ^ "Vita Prof. List". kofo.mpg.de. 10 May 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  12. "Board of Directors". Max Planck Institute for Coal Research. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  13. "ICReDD Principal Investigator, Prof. Benjamin List won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021!! Huge congratulations!!". ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD). 6 October 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  14. ^ "LIST, Benjamin". ICReDD: Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University (WPI-ICReDD). 23 December 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  15. List, Benjamin (30 May 2017). "Crowd-based peer review can be good and fast". Nature. 546 (7656): 9. Bibcode:2017Natur.546....9L. doi:10.1038/546009a. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-002E-18FF-E. PMID 28569830.
  16. Benjamin List publications indexed by Google Scholar Edit this at Wikidata
  17. "Scopus preview – List, Benjamin – Author details – Scopus". www.scopus.com. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  18. ^ "DFG gratuliert Benjamin List zum Nobelpreis für Chemie". www.dfg.de (in German). Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  19. ^ List, Lerner & Barbas 2000.
  20. ^ Castelvecchi, Davide; Stoye, Emma (6 October 2021). "'Elegant' catalysts that tell left from right scoop chemistry Nobel". Nature. 598 (7880). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 247–248. Bibcode:2021Natur.598..247C. doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02704-2. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 34616090. S2CID 238422185.
  21. List, Benjamin (2002). "Proline-catalyzed asymmetric reactions". Tetrahedron. 58 (28). Elsevier BV: 5573–5590. doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00516-1. ISSN 0040-4020.
  22. Hajos, Zoltan G.; Parrish, David R. (1974). "Asymmetric synthesis of bicyclic intermediates of natural product chemistry". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 39 (12). American Chemical Society (ACS): 1615–1621. doi:10.1021/jo00925a003. ISSN 0022-3263.
  23. List, Benjamin; Pojarliev, Peter; Biller, William T.; Martin, Harry J. (10 January 2002). "The Proline-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Three-Component Mannich Reaction: Scope, Optimization, and Application to the Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,2-Amino Alcohols". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 124 (5). American Chemical Society (ACS): 827–833. doi:10.1021/ja0174231. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 11817958.
  24. List, Benjamin; Pojarliev, Peter; Martin, Harry J. (14 July 2001). "Efficient Proline-Catalyzed Michael Additions of Unmodified Ketones to Nitro Olefins". Organic Letters. 3 (16). American Chemical Society (ACS): 2423–2425. doi:10.1021/ol015799d. ISSN 1523-7060. PMID 11483025.
  25. List, Benjamin (30 April 2002). "Direct Catalytic Asymmetric α-Amination of Aldehydes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 124 (20). American Chemical Society (ACS): 5656–5657. doi:10.1021/ja0261325. ISSN 0002-7863. PMID 12010036.
  26. ^ List, Benjamin (1 December 2007). "Introduction: Organocatalysis". Chemical Reviews. 107 (12). American Chemical Society (ACS): 5413–5415. doi:10.1021/cr078412e. ISSN 0009-2665.
  27. Mayer & List 2006.
  28. Mahlau, Manuel; List, Benjamin (28 November 2012). "Asymmetric Counteranion-Directed Catalysis: Concept, Definition, and Applications". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 52 (2). Wiley: 518–533. doi:10.1002/anie.201205343. ISSN 1433-7851. PMID 23280677.
  29. Lee et al. 2013.
  30. Dörhöfer, Pamela (6 October 2021). "Chemie-Nobelpreis für "geniales Werkzeug"". Frankfurter Rundschau (in German). Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  31. Harmsen, Torsten (6 October 2021). "Ehemaliger Berliner Student Benjamin List gewinnt Chemie-Nobelpreis". Berliner Zeitung (in German). Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  32. Müller-Jung, Joachim (6 October 2021). "Katalysator-Forscher List: Respektlos zum Nobelpreis". FAZ.NET (in German). Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  33. "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2021, Benjamin List Interview". NobelPrize.org. 6 October 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  34. "Benjamin List: Der Nobelpreisträger, der den Tsunami überlebte". WDR. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  35. "Awards Prof. List". Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung. 10 May 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  36. "Diplom an der Freien Universität Berlin: Müller gratuliert Chemie-Nobelpreisträgern List und McMillan". rbb24 (in German). 6 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  37. "Professor Ben List erhält den Herbert C. Brown Award". Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung (in German). 1 October 2021. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  38. "The 50th John Stauffer Distinguished Lecture in the Sciences, April 23-24, 2024 Professor Benjamin List 2021 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung". Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California. 23 April 2024.
  39. Podlech, Joachim (10 September 2014). "KIT - Institut für Organische Chemie - Startseite". www.ioc.kit.edu (in German). Retrieved 20 April 2024.

Further reading

External links

Scholia has a profile for Benjamin List (Q105572).
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